WO2008046869A1

WO2008046869A1 - Power supply device for charging a removable equipment, in particular for charging the battery of an automotive vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2008046869A1
Application number: PCT/EP2007/061107
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gauthier Beauzemont; Cyriacus Adrianus Bleijs; Théophanis Calliacoudas
Original assignee: Electricite De France
Priority date: 2006-10-18
Filing date: 2007-10-17
Publication date: 2008-04-24
Also published as: FR2907610A1; EP2078209A1; FR2907610B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power supply device that comprises: at least one power supply station (100) connected to a power supply source (1); at least one onboard module (200) provided respectively in each equipment to be charged from the power supply station (200); and a cable (30) for releasably connecting the power supply station (100) and each module (200), the cable including three wires, i.e. a grounding wire (33) and two wires (31, 32) conveying a utility-power electric signal to the load; characterised in that each onboard module (200) includes a transmitter (210) and in that each power supply station (100) includes an associated receiver (110), the transmitter (210) being designed to generate, between the grounding wire and at least one of the power wires (31, 32), a periodic signal for testing the grounding continuity as well as control data of the charging process.

Description

ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY DEVICE FOR THE LOADING OF REMOVABLE EQUIPMENT, IN PARTICULAR THE BATTERY CHARGING OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

The present invention relates to the field of power supply devices for charging removable equipment.

The present invention applies in particular to the definition of an electric power delivery point, typically but not limited to an electrical terminal, for supplying a mobile electric charge, such as an electric vehicle, a vehicle plug-in hybrid, a caravan, a boat, a market display, a tool or any other equivalent equipment.

Naturally, the present invention is not limited to the equipment listed above, but extends to any removable equipment with respect to the point of delivery of electrical energy, that is to say intended to be physically separated from the device. power supply.

Diagrammatically shown in Figure 1 attached, a known power supply device for the load of removable equipment. An attached device is shown in FIG. 1 which comprises a stationary power supply station 10 connected to a removable equipment 20 by a cable 30.

The cable 30 comprises four wires: two wires 31, 32 for conveying the electrical power signal for the load, for example a phase wire and a neutral wire, a ground wire 33 for protecting the system and a wire driver 34.

FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically in the feed station 10 a circuit 12 connected to the pilot wire 34 and which, via a winding 14, provides for the opening on command of switches 15, 16 associated with the wires. 31, 32. In FIG. 1, the electrical source is referenced 1. Furthermore, FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically in the equipment 20 a charging circuit 22 associated with a battery 24. The device shown in FIG. 1 proves complex because it requires, on the one hand, a four-wire cable 30 because of the presence of the pilot wire 34, and, on the other hand, non-standard connectors or plugs. referenced 18 side feeder 10 and 28 equipment side 20.

The device illustrated in FIG. 1 using a pilot wire 34 corresponds in particular to the IEC61851 standard.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a device according to the teaching of document FR-A-2 701 176, intended for the verification of the charging of the batteries of an electrical apparatus such as a vehicle.

FIG. 2 shows a fixed power supply device 10 connected to a removable equipment 20 via a cable 30. The cable 30 here comprises only three wires: two wires 31, 32 intended to carry the signal of power for the load and a ground wire 33.

The device represented in FIG. 2 comprises, at the stationary station 10, a central unit 40 coupled to the wires 31, 32, on the one hand by an inductive excitation loop 41 and, on the other hand, by an inductive loop of detection 42. The function of the excitation loop 41 is to apply an excitation coming from the central unit 40 to at least one of the wires 31, 32. The detection loop 42, in combination with a secondary detection loop 43 associated with the ground line 33, is intended to detect the response current on the ground wire 33. The central unit 40 also ensures the opening on command of switches 15, 16 associated with the son 31, 32 by the The removable equipment side 20 is provided with a resonant circuit 25 typically formed of a series-connected choke 26 of a capacitor 27 between the phase wire undergoing excitation and the ground wire 33. In addition, FIG. 2 shows a capacitor 50 a filter placed in the removable module 20 between the son 31, 32 and coil-based filters 51, 52 arranged upstream of the charging device 22 to prohibit the transfer of the excitation signals generated by the central unit 40 and applied to the wires 31, 32 via the excitation loop 41, to the charging device itself 22.

Although promising in principle, the device illustrated in Figure 2 has not given rise to significant industrial and economic development. As indicated in the preamble of document FR-A-2 701 176, the device thus described is limited in that it is only concerned with verifying the actual presence of a vehicle during the charging of the batteries, the continuity of the wire ground of the power cable and possibly the absence of leakage current. The general problem posed in the context of the present invention is that of proposing a power supply device, and more precisely still a network of such power supply devices, for the charge of removable equipment, which is at the same time reliable and economic. Indeed, the success of electric vehicles and / or plug-in hybrid vehicles requires the establishment of a dense charging infrastructure meeting the reliability and economy criteria mentioned above.

A particular object of the present invention is in particular to propose a power supply device which makes it possible in a simple and economical way to guarantee, for protection purposes, the continuity of ground between each of the fixed power supply stations respectively chosen in a available network and each associated removable equipment, as required by the standards in force. This object is achieved in the context of the present invention, thanks to a power supply device comprising:

at least one power supply station connected to a power supply,

an on-board module respectively in each equipment item to be loaded from the power supply station, and

a cable adapted to removably connect the power supply station and each module, said cable comprising a ground wire and wires conveying an electrical signal of useful power to the load (For example, two or more neutral and phase wires for a multiphase supply case), characterized in that each onboard module comprises a transmitter and each power supply station comprises an associated receiver, said transmitter being adapted for generating between the earth and at least one of the power wires a periodic earth continuity test signal and control data of the charging process.

Those skilled in the art will understand from a reading of the following detailed description that the present invention makes it possible to improve the reliability of the control of earth continuity by relocating, in each on-board module, that is to say in one remote location relative to the station which comprises the switches for interrupting the power supply, the signal transmitter making it possible to check the earth continuity, with regard to the state of the art illustrated in FIG. central unit 40 which emits the excitation signals is located in the station which comprises the switches for interrupting the power supply if necessary.

The present invention also relates to the aforementioned power supply stations and onboard modules as such.

Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, and with reference to the appended drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples and in which:

FIG. 1 previously described represents a first example of known device according to the state of the art,

FIG. 2 previously described represents a second example of known device according to the state of the art, FIG. 3 represents, in the form of functional blocks, the general architecture of a power supply device according to the present invention, FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7 schematically represent four variants of power supply devices according to the present invention, and

- Figure 8 shows a view of a particular embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a power supply device according to the present invention comprising a power supply station 100, preferably fixed, connected on the one hand to a power supply source 1, for example a distribution network. of alternative electrical energy, and connected on the other hand to a module 200 embedded on a removable equipment, by means of a cable 30 The cable 30 has three son: two son 31, 32 for conveying a power signal for the electric charge and a ground wire 33.

FIG. 3 shows a single station 100 and a single module 200. In practice, however, the present invention applies to the load of a large number of onboard modules 200 from any one of a plurality of 100 stations organized in a network.

In Figure 3, is schematized in the module 200, under the reference 22 a charging device itself and under the reference 24 an electric battery. The charging device 22 and the configuration of the battery 24 may be subject to numerous variants that will not be described later. For example, the battery 24 may be formed of an assembly of multiple cells connected in series / parallel. As indicated above, according to an essential characteristic of the invention, the module 200 comprises a transmitter 210 associated with a receiver 110 placed in each power supply station 100. The transmitter 210 is connected between the ground line 33 and the at least one of the power wires 31, 32. The transmitter 210 is adapted to generate, between the earth line 33 and at least one of the power wires 31, 32, a periodic earth continuity test signal 33 . Preferably, but not exclusively, the periodic signals generated by the transmitter 210 are in the frequency range 75 to 145 kHz. For this purpose, the transmitter 210 can be formed according to any techniques known to those skilled in the art for the generation of Online Carrier Currents or "CPL" on the ground line 33.

FIG. 3 shows an emitter 210 coupled respectively to the two power wires 31, 32 via capacitors 220, 222. In this case, the emitter 210 is referenced with respect to the two lines 31, 32. It operates in common mode between the ground wire 33 and the two son 31, 32 which constitute the power circuit. If necessary, the transmitter 210 could be connected by such a capacitor 220 or 222 to only one of the two lines 31, 32.

Of course, the receiver 110 must be placed between the ground 33 and the same reference line 31 or 32 or 31 and 32 as the transmitter 210. In FIG. 3, there is referenced a receiver 110 coupled to the lines 31, 32 by via respective capacitors 120, 122.

The receiver 110 drives switches 15, 16 associated with the lines 31, 32, via a coil 14, to ensure the opening of the lines 31, 32 in the event of detection of a fault on the ground 33 or when the required load is reached.

The transmitter 210 also carries on the ground line 33 any signals useful for controlling the charging process, for example information representative of the chosen maximum current value, the charging time and the total energy for a load. given. By way of non-limiting example, the transmitter 210 transmits, on the ground wire 33, the aforementioned earth continuity test signals at a period of the order of 20 ms.

The injection of the periodic test signals on the ground 33, thanks to the transmitter 210 and the detection of these signals by a receiver 110 can be operated according to any modality known to those skilled in the art, in particular according to a modality serial (injection and current sensing) as shown in Figure 4, or a parallel mode (injection and voltage sensing) as shown in Figure 5. FIG. 4 indeed shows an emitter 210 coupled to the earth line 33 inside the module 200 by inductive coupling thanks to an excitation coil 212 provided at the output of the emitter 210 and an associated coil 332 provided. on the ground wire 33. Such an inductive coupling may be formed of a conventional transformer or two coils mounted on a common ferrite 214, or any equivalent assembly.

Similarly, FIG. 4 shows a receiver 110 comprising an input winding 112 coupled to a winding 334 provided within the power supply device 100 on the ground wire 33. Again, the windings 112, 334 can be formed of a conventional transformer or two coils mounted on a common ferrite 114, or any equivalent assembly.

The aforementioned transformers 212/332 and 112/334 are advantageously tuned to the frequency used by the transmitter 210.

FIG. 4 also shows, at the level of each on-board module 200, two capacitors 220, 222 respectively mounted between the ground line 33 and the power signal lines 31, 32 for closing the electrical circuit at the level of the module 200 and similarly two capacitors 120, 122 respectively placed at the power supply station 100 between the ground line 33 and the power signal lines 31, 32, again to close the electrical circuit.

FIG. 5 shows a variant embodiment in which the injection of in-line carrier currents by the transmitter 210, on the earth line 33, at the level of the modules 200 and the detection of the same CPLs by the receiver 110. at the power station 100, are operated in parallel, that is to say between the ground line 33 and at least one of the power son 31, 32. For this purpose, as seen on 5, the transmitter 210 is this time coupled between the ground line 33 and at least one of the power signal lines 31, 32 through the capacitors 220, 222. In a comparable manner, at the power supply device 100, the receiver 110 is coupled between the ground line 33 and at least one of the power lines 31, 32 via the respective capacitors 120, 122. Well understood, as illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 can be combined on the one hand a serial or parallel transmission of Earth Current Bearer Continuous Earth test current, by the transmitter 210, with the other hand a detection in series or in parallel at the power supply modules 100 through the receiver 110. It is thus shown in FIG. 6, the combination of a serial transmission at a module 200 and a parallel detection at the level of the an associated power supply station 100.

FIG. 7 shows the combination of a parallel emission at a module 200 and a series reception at an associated power supply station 100.

In the context of the present invention, the power supply source 1 can be indifferently a network or source of alternating electric power supply single-phase or three-phase 50Hz / 60Hz

(with or without a neutral) a DC power source or any other network or source of electrical power supply.

The present invention applies to any electric power delivery situation, both in domestic situations and in public places.

FIG. 8 shows a particular embodiment in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 8 shows a series resonant circuit 230 connected between the earth line 33 and at least one of the power lines 31, 32, via the capacitors 220, 222. The series 230 resonant circuit is formed based on a self 232 associated with the aforementioned capacitors 220, 222 and including, where appropriate, in parallel an impedance 234 for adjusting the resonance quality of the circuit.

8, at the level of the power supply station 100, there is a similar series resonant circuit 130. The circuit 130 comprises an inductor 132 connected in series with the ground line 33 and at least one of the power lines 31, 32 via capacitors 120, 122. Here again, if necessary, an impedance 134 may be placed in parallel with the self 132 to adjust the resonance quality of the circuit.

The resonant circuits 130 and 230 series are preferably tuned to the frequency of the transmitter 210. They allow the passage of HF currents necessary for the transmission of data.

Finally, FIG. 8 shows, on the side of the on-board module 200, a filter 240 forming a plug circuit intended to prevent the transfer of the carrier currents in line coming from the transmitter 210, towards the charging circuit 22. Such a filter 240 may be the subject of any embodiment known to those skilled in the art.

FIG. 8 shows such a filter 240 in the form of chokes 242, 245 placed in series respectively on the power wires 31, 32 upstream of the charging circuit 22. Where appropriate, it may be provided in parallel of each choke 242, 245 a tuning capacitor 243, 246 and an impedance 244, 247 for adjusting the characteristics of the filter. HF short-circuiting filter capacitors 248, 249 may be provided in parallel with the power supply lines 31, 32 respectively upstream and downstream of the filter 240.

Similarly, FIG. 8 shows, at the level of the power supply device 100, a filter 140 intended to prevent the transfer of the carrier currents in line coming from the transmitter 210, towards the power supply source 1.

Again, the filter 140 may be formed of any embodiment known to those skilled in the art.

According to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, this filter 140 comprises a self 142, 145 placed in series on each supply line 31, 32, between the power supply 1 and the resonant circuit 130. Where appropriate a tuning capacitor 143, 146 and an impedance 144, 147 may be provided in parallel respectively inductors 142, 145 to adjust the characteristics of the filter.

Moreover, capacitors 148, 149 may be provided in parallel with lines 31, 32 respectively upstream and downstream of filter 140.

Those skilled in the art will note that the use of a common mode for the mobile link 200 / fixed 100, thanks to the capacitors 220, 222 and 120, 122, and a conventional connection (differential between the power wires 31, 32) for network communications, improves the rejection ratio of both signals.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments which have just been described but extends to any variant within its spirit.

Those skilled in the art will understand from reading the foregoing description that the present invention makes it possible to provide a link between on the one hand each of the power supply devices 100 of a network comprising a plurality of such devices. 100 and secondly any mobile equipment 200, via a conventional cable 30 (three-wire for single-phase (wireless pilot)) and standard connectors 180, 280 provided on a device side supply 100, the other module side 200, or even a single standard connector 180 or 280. By standard is meant a connector 180 and / or

280 conventional (comprising three pins for single-phase and not four-pin as required according to the state of the art illustrated in Figure 1). Of course, for a multiphase supply the number of wires of the cable 30 and the number of pins of the connector 180 and / or 280 must be adapted accordingly.

Those skilled in the art will also understand that positioning the transmitter 210 in the removable equipment 200 and not as illustrated in FIG. 2 at each power device comprising the switches 15, 16, allows to improve the reliability of continuity detection of the earth line 33. In fact, by positioning the transmitter 210 and the element 110 managing the opening of the contacts 15, 16 respectively in the equipment 200 and in the supply device 100 a permanent earth continuity 33 is required between these elements 210 and 110 to maintain the power supply on the power wires 31, 32 Of course, the representations given in the appended figures are diagrammatic and are in no way limiting. In practice the module 200 and the station 100 can be supplemented by any additional means required. As an indication, the module 200 may comprise a bus connecting the transmitter 210 to the vehicle's on-board network and notably to an on-board computer. Similarly, the station 100 may include a counter of the energy supplied, a circuit breaker, fuses, etc.

Furthermore, in the context of the present invention, it is conceivable to replace the capacitive coupling of the emitters 210 and receiver 110 with the wires 31 and 32, thanks to the capacitors 220, 222 and 120, 122 by an inductive coupling.

Claims

An electrical power supply device comprising:

at least one power supply station (100) connected to a power supply (1),

at least one module (200) respectively embedded in each equipment item to be loaded from the power supply station (200), and

- a cable (30) adapted to releasably connect the power supply station (100) and each module (200), the cable (30) comprising a ground wire (33) and wires (31, 32) carrying an electrical signal of useful power to the load, characterized in that each onboard module (200) comprises a transmitter (210) and each power supply station (100) comprises a receiver (110) associated, the transmitter (210) ) being adapted to generate between the earth wire (33) and at least one of the power wires (31, 32) a periodic earth continuity test signal and control data of the charging process.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the transmitter (210) or the receiver (110) is coupled in series on the ground wire (33) to perform an injection and / or current detection.

3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one of the transmitter (210) or the receiver (110) is inductively coupled (212, 332; 112, 334) with the earth wire. (33).

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of the transmitter (210) and the receiver (110) is placed in parallel with the ground wire and one at least power wires (31, 32) for injection or voltage sensing.

5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the transmitter (210) or the receiver (110) is coupled inductively or capacitively with a power wire (31, 32).

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a balanced connection on the power son (31, 32) via at least one pair of capacitors or inductors (220, 222; 120, 122).

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a series resonant circuit (230, 130) between the ground wire (33) and at least one of the power son (31). , 32) at at least one of the onboard module (200) and the supply station (100).

8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the series resonant circuit (230, 130) comprises an inductor (232, 132) in series with at least one capacitor (220, 222, 120, 122) associated with the where appropriate to a parallel impedance (234, 134) adjusting the resonance quality of the circuit.

9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a plug circuit filter at at least one of the onboard module (200) and the power supply station (100) for blocking periodic test signals from the transmitter (210).

10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the filter comprises a inductor (242, 245; 142, 145) provided in series on a power wire (31, 32) and optionally comprising a capacitor (243, 246; 143, 146) and / or an impedance (244, 247, 144, 147) in parallel.

11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a capacitor (248, 249; 148, 149) in parallel power son (31, 32).

12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the power source (1) is of alternating or continuous type.

13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the transmitter (210) is adapted to also generate information selected from the group comprising information representative of the maximum allowable load current, a charging time, and the total charge energy required.

14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the transmitter (210) is adapted to emit on-line carrier currents in a frequency range between 75 KHz and 145 KHz.

15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the power supply station (100) also comprises switches, controlled by the receiver (110) to interrupt the power supply when a fault on the earth is detected.

16. Power supply station for implementing the device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises at least one receiver (110) adapted to detect periodic continuity test signals. field and charge process control data transmitted by a transmitter (210) of a module embedded on removable equipment on a ground wire (33).

17. Embedded module for implementing the device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises at least one transmitter (210) adapted to emit a periodic earth continuity test signal. on a ground wire (33) and control data of the charging process.