WO2008027928A3 - Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap - Google Patents

Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008027928A3
WO2008027928A3 PCT/US2007/077042 US2007077042W WO2008027928A3 WO 2008027928 A3 WO2008027928 A3 WO 2008027928A3 US 2007077042 W US2007077042 W US 2007077042W WO 2008027928 A3 WO2008027928 A3 WO 2008027928A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrodes
separation
closely spaced
electricity
uniform gap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/077042
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008027928A2 (en
Inventor
Tarek Makansi
Original Assignee
Tempronics Inc
Tarek Makansi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tempronics Inc, Tarek Makansi filed Critical Tempronics Inc
Priority to US12/376,254 priority Critical patent/US8102096B2/en
Priority to EP07814511A priority patent/EP2057659A4/en
Priority to JP2009526876A priority patent/JP2010503219A/en
Priority to BRPI0716178-6A2A priority patent/BRPI0716178A2/en
Publication of WO2008027928A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008027928A2/en
Publication of WO2008027928A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008027928A3/en
Priority to US13/330,345 priority patent/US20120146455A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/88—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N15/00—Thermoelectric devices without a junction of dissimilar materials; Thermomagnetic devices, e.g. using the Nernst-Ettingshausen effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/42—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/003—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using thermionic electron cooling effects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Abstract

An improved design for maintaining separation between electrodes in tunneling, resonant tunneling, diode, thermionic, thermo- photovoltaic and other devices is disclosed At least one electrode 1 is made from flexible material A magnetic field B is present to combine with the current flowing in the flexible electrode 1 and generate a force or a thermal expansion force combined with a temperature distribution that counterbalances the electrostatic force or other attracting forces between the electrodes The balancing of forces allows the separation and parallelism between the electrodes to be maintained at a very small spacing without requiring the use of multiple control systems, actuators, or other manipulating means, or spacers The shape of one or both electrodes 1 is designed to maintain a constant separation over the entire overlapping area of the electrodes, or to minimize a central contact area The end result is an electronic device that maintains two closely spaced parallel electrodes in stable equilibrium with a uniform gap therebetween over a large area in a simple configuration for simplified manufacturability and use to convert heat to electricity or electricity to cooling.
PCT/US2007/077042 2006-08-30 2007-08-28 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap WO2008027928A2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/376,254 US8102096B2 (en) 2006-08-30 2007-08-28 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
EP07814511A EP2057659A4 (en) 2006-08-30 2007-08-28 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
JP2009526876A JP2010503219A (en) 2006-08-30 2007-08-28 Proximity electrode with uniform gap
BRPI0716178-6A2A BRPI0716178A2 (en) 2006-08-30 2007-08-28 narrowly spaced electrodes with uniform clearance.
US13/330,345 US20120146455A1 (en) 2006-08-30 2011-12-19 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US84126206P 2006-08-30 2006-08-30
US60/841,262 2006-08-30
US92508307P 2007-04-18 2007-04-18
US60/925,083 2007-04-18

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/330,345 Continuation US20120146455A1 (en) 2006-08-30 2011-12-19 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008027928A2 WO2008027928A2 (en) 2008-03-06
WO2008027928A3 true WO2008027928A3 (en) 2008-11-13

Family

ID=39136817

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2007/077042 WO2008027928A2 (en) 2006-08-30 2007-08-28 Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US8102096B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2057659A4 (en)
JP (1) JP2010503219A (en)
KR (1) KR20090047500A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0716178A2 (en)
WO (1) WO2008027928A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8018117B2 (en) * 2006-01-31 2011-09-13 Tempronics, Inc. Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
US8102096B2 (en) * 2006-08-30 2012-01-24 Tempronics, Inc. Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
US8317137B2 (en) * 2006-11-20 2012-11-27 Denny Charles Cormier Switchable article and device to generate a lateral or transverse Casimir force for propulsion, guidance and maneuvering of a space vehicle
US20090205695A1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Tempronics, Inc. Energy Conversion Device
US9435571B2 (en) * 2008-03-05 2016-09-06 Sheetak Inc. Method and apparatus for switched thermoelectric cooling of fluids
WO2009117062A2 (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-24 Sheetak, Inc. Metal-core thermoelectric cooling and power generation device
KR101328353B1 (en) * 2009-02-17 2013-11-11 (주)엘지하우시스 Heating sheet using carbon nano tube
US8313443B2 (en) * 2009-03-09 2012-11-20 Tom Michael D Tensiometer utilizing elastic conductors
CN102510990B (en) 2009-07-17 2015-07-15 史泰克公司 Heat pipes and thermoelectric cooling devices
US8869542B2 (en) * 2009-07-27 2014-10-28 The Penn State Research Foundation Polymer-based electrocaloric cooling devices
DE102010008995A1 (en) 2010-02-24 2011-08-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, 80333 DC high voltage source and particle accelerator
US8999123B2 (en) 2010-04-12 2015-04-07 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Alkali-metal generator and absorber
US8969703B2 (en) 2010-09-13 2015-03-03 Tempronics, Inc. Distributed thermoelectric string and insulating panel
US20120145265A1 (en) * 2010-12-09 2012-06-14 Mark Stephenson System for Conditioning Fluids Using Fermi Energy
EP2651510B1 (en) * 2010-12-15 2015-11-04 Advanced Bionics AG Particulate toughened ceramic feedthrough
WO2012154482A2 (en) * 2011-05-09 2012-11-15 Sheetak, Inc. Improved thermoelectric energy converters with reduced interface interface losses and manufacturing method thereof
EP2729039B1 (en) 2011-07-06 2020-05-13 Tempronics, Inc. Integration of distributed thermoelectric heating and cooling
WO2013059239A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-04-25 Sheetak, Inc. Improved thermoelectric energy converters and manufacturing method thereof
US20130192269A1 (en) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-01 Min-Chia Wang Magnetocaloric module for magnetic refrigeration apparatus
US9388740B2 (en) * 2012-02-15 2016-07-12 The Boeing Company Thermoelectric generator in turbine engine nozzles
US9638442B2 (en) 2012-08-07 2017-05-02 Tempronics, Inc. Medical, topper, pet wireless, and automated manufacturing of distributed thermoelectric heating and cooling
KR20150060798A (en) 2012-09-25 2015-06-03 포레시아 오토모티브 시팅, 엘엘씨 Vehicle seat with thermal device
US9096419B2 (en) * 2012-10-01 2015-08-04 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Electromechanical systems device with protrusions to provide additional stable states
JP6150249B2 (en) * 2013-02-25 2017-06-21 京セラ株式会社 Glass sealing method for electronic device
US10790403B1 (en) 2013-03-14 2020-09-29 nVizix LLC Microfabricated vacuum photodiode arrays for solar power
CN105848964B (en) 2013-11-04 2020-01-03 坦普罗尼克斯公司 Design of thermoelectric strings, plates and envelopes for function and durability
FR3020220A1 (en) * 2014-04-17 2015-10-23 St Microelectronics Crolles 2 THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR COMPRISING A DEFORMABLE BILAME HAVING MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
US10147860B2 (en) * 2015-04-19 2018-12-04 Reebeez, Inc. Lightweight thermionic microengines for aerial vehicles
KR101778041B1 (en) 2016-01-28 2017-09-14 한국에너지기술연구원 Thermoelectric module exposing electrodes of low temperature and fabrication method thereof
US9893261B1 (en) * 2017-04-10 2018-02-13 Face International Corporation Structurally embedded and inhospitable environment systems and devices having autonomous electrical power sources
US10128439B1 (en) * 2017-06-30 2018-11-13 California Institute Of Technology Reprogrammable phononic metasurfaces
KR102484900B1 (en) 2017-12-21 2023-01-04 현대자동차주식회사 Metal air battery
US10497227B2 (en) 2018-04-17 2019-12-03 California Institute Of Technology Haptic devices using structured metasurfaces
JP6598339B1 (en) * 2019-04-17 2019-10-30 株式会社Ｇｃｅインスティチュート Power generation element, power generation apparatus, electronic device, and method for manufacturing power generation element
US11463026B2 (en) 2019-05-10 2022-10-04 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate Quantum plasmon fluctuation devices
US11258379B2 (en) 2019-05-10 2022-02-22 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate Quantum noise power devices
US11133758B2 (en) 2019-05-10 2021-09-28 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate Quantum vacuum fluctuation devices
US11251723B2 (en) 2019-05-10 2022-02-15 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate Systems for driving the generation of products using quantum vacuum fluctuations
KR102131051B1 (en) 2019-06-03 2020-07-07 성균관대학교산학협력단 Method of transient liquid phase bonding for metal material bonding using magnetic force

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6064137A (en) * 1996-03-06 2000-05-16 Borealis Technical Limited Method and apparatus for a vacuum thermionic converter with thin film carbonaceous field emission
US20050184603A1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2005-08-25 Martsinovsky Artemi M. Thermotunnel converter with spacers between the electrodes

Family Cites Families (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3173032A (en) * 1959-09-14 1965-03-09 Smith Corp A O Means for close placement of electrode plates in a thermionic converter
US3129345A (en) * 1959-11-05 1964-04-14 Thermo Electron Eng Corp Process and apparatus for converting thermal energy into electrical energy
DE1274212B (en) * 1960-04-01 1968-08-01 Werner Kluge Dr Ing Thermionic converter filled with a noble gas and controllable by means of an auxiliary electrode serving to ionize the noble gas
CH643397A5 (en) 1979-09-20 1984-05-30 Ibm GRID TUNNEL MICROSCOPE.
US5028835A (en) * 1989-10-11 1991-07-02 Fitzpatrick Gary O Thermionic energy production
DE4010909A1 (en) 1990-04-04 1991-10-10 Siemens Ag Cold-emission protection diode - has air-isolated electrodes with micrometric separation to prevent electrical discharge
US5541464A (en) * 1994-03-30 1996-07-30 Johnson; Lonnie G. Thermionic generator
US6720704B1 (en) 1997-09-08 2004-04-13 Boreaiis Technical Limited Thermionic vacuum diode device with adjustable electrodes
US7140102B2 (en) 2001-09-02 2006-11-28 Borealis Technical Limited Electrode sandwich separation
US7658772B2 (en) 1997-09-08 2010-02-09 Borealis Technical Limited Process for making electrode pairs
WO1999013562A1 (en) 1997-09-08 1999-03-18 Borealis Technical Limited Diode device
WO2000059047A1 (en) * 1999-03-11 2000-10-05 Eneco, Inc. Hybrid thermionic energy converter and method
US6417060B2 (en) 2000-02-25 2002-07-09 Borealis Technical Limited Method for making a diode device
US6651760B2 (en) 2000-04-05 2003-11-25 Borealis Technical Limited Thermionic automobile
US6774003B2 (en) 2001-02-23 2004-08-10 Borealis Technical Limited Method for making a diode device
AU2002361643A1 (en) 2001-08-28 2003-03-18 Borealis Technical Limited Thermotunnel converter
US6884732B2 (en) 2001-10-15 2005-04-26 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Method of fabricating a device having a desired non-planar surface or profile and device produced thereby
EP1509940A4 (en) 2002-03-06 2005-12-07 Borealis Tech Ltd Thermionic vacuum diode device with adjustable electrodes
US20050189871A1 (en) 2002-03-06 2005-09-01 Avto Tavkhelidze Thermionic vacuum diode device with adjustable electrodes
US6494048B1 (en) 2002-04-11 2002-12-17 International Business Machines Corporation Assembly of quantum cold point thermoelectric coolers using magnets
US7005381B1 (en) * 2002-08-12 2006-02-28 Borealis Technical Limited Method for flat electrodes
US6946596B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2005-09-20 Kucherov Yan R Tunneling-effect energy converters
US7351996B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2008-04-01 Borealis Technical Limited Method of increasing efficiency of thermotunnel devices
US20040195934A1 (en) 2003-04-03 2004-10-07 Tanielian Minas H. Solid state thermal engine
US7243279B2 (en) 2003-08-26 2007-07-10 International Business Machines Corporation Method for separating shift and scan paths on scan-only, single port LSSD latches
US20060180829A1 (en) 2003-09-22 2006-08-17 Artemi Markovich Martsinovsky Tunneling gap diodes
US7305839B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2007-12-11 General Electric Company Thermal transfer device and system and method incorporating same
US7557487B2 (en) 2005-01-26 2009-07-07 The Boeing Company Methods and apparatus for thermal isolation for thermoelectric devices
US7498507B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2009-03-03 General Electric Company Device for solid state thermal transfer and power generation
US7880079B2 (en) 2005-07-29 2011-02-01 The Boeing Company Dual gap thermo-tunneling apparatus and methods
US7928561B2 (en) 2005-09-09 2011-04-19 General Electric Company Device for thermal transfer and power generation
US20070137687A1 (en) 2005-12-15 2007-06-21 The Boeing Company Thermoelectric tunnelling device
US7456543B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2008-11-25 Tempronics, Inc. Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
BRPI0708014A2 (en) * 2006-01-31 2011-05-17 Tempronics Inc closely spaced electrodes with a uniform space
US8018117B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2011-09-13 Tempronics, Inc. Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
US8222116B2 (en) 2006-03-03 2012-07-17 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing semiconductor device
US20080017237A1 (en) 2006-07-19 2008-01-24 James William Bray Heat transfer and power generation device
US8102096B2 (en) * 2006-08-30 2012-01-24 Tempronics, Inc. Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
US20090205695A1 (en) 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Tempronics, Inc. Energy Conversion Device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6064137A (en) * 1996-03-06 2000-05-16 Borealis Technical Limited Method and apparatus for a vacuum thermionic converter with thin film carbonaceous field emission
US20050184603A1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2005-08-25 Martsinovsky Artemi M. Thermotunnel converter with spacers between the electrodes

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ENIKOV ET AL.: "Analysis of Nanometer Vacuum Gap Formation in Thermo-Tunneling Devices", NANOTECHNOLOGY, vol. 19, no. 7, 31 January 2008 (2008-01-31), pages 1 - 6, XP020129831 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2057659A2 (en) 2009-05-13
US20120146455A1 (en) 2012-06-14
BRPI0716178A2 (en) 2013-09-24
US20090322221A1 (en) 2009-12-31
JP2010503219A (en) 2010-01-28
WO2008027928A2 (en) 2008-03-06
US8102096B2 (en) 2012-01-24
EP2057659A4 (en) 2010-11-24
KR20090047500A (en) 2009-05-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2008027928A3 (en) Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
US10038135B2 (en) Electrostrictive composite and electrostrictive element using the same
Yu et al. Large-strain, rigid-to-rigid deformation of bistable electroactive polymers
JP6298155B2 (en) Single-electrode friction nano-generator, power generation method, and self-driven tracking device
DK1702183T3 (en) Device for generating a thermal current with magnetic caloric material
US8466624B2 (en) Electrohydrodynamic fluid accelerator device with collector electrode exhibiting curved leading edge profile
US7937952B2 (en) Thermoelectric cooler with multiple temperature zones
WO2007100941A3 (en) Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap
US8421315B2 (en) Electrostrictive structure incorporating carbon nanotubes and electrostrictive actuator using the same
US20140227575A1 (en) Battery cell assembly and method for manufacturing the battery cell assembly
JP2007503217A5 (en)
CN101840991B (en) Electrical actuating structure and electrical actuating element
ATE521987T1 (en) THERMOELECTRIC DEVICES
US20090277608A1 (en) Thermal Control Via Adjustable Thermal Links
KR101053257B1 (en) Energy harvester
Lee et al. Effects of relative humidity in the convective heat transfer over flat surface using ionic wind
US20170183217A1 (en) Microelectromechanical displacement structure and method for controlling displacement
WO2008042291A3 (en) Improved industrial thermoelectric generator
WO2009082534A3 (en) A device for use in a furnace exhaust stream for thermoelectric generation
EP1452486A3 (en) Manufacturing apparatus for carbon nanotube
TW200602821A (en) High heat transfer fuser roller
Zhao et al. Effects of EHD and external airflows on electric corona discharge in point-plane/mesh configurations
KR102407747B1 (en) Electrostatic precipitator
WO2009052920A3 (en) Thermoelectric generator
Ong et al. Optimized and microfabricated ionic wind pump array as a next generation solution for electronics cooling systems

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 200780032250.1

Country of ref document: CN

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 07814511

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2007814511

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 12376254

Country of ref document: US

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2009526876

Country of ref document: JP

Ref document number: 1102/CHENP/2009

Country of ref document: IN

Ref document number: 1020097004187

Country of ref document: KR

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: RU

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: PI0716178

Country of ref document: BR

Kind code of ref document: A2

Effective date: 20090227