WO2008011817A1

WO2008011817A1 - Crude oil dewatering apparatus and system

Info

Publication number: WO2008011817A1
Application number: PCT/CN2007/070182
Authority: WO
Inventors: Qiming Wang; Qifang Zhou
Original assignee: Weihai Haiher Technology Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2006-07-17
Filing date: 2007-06-26
Publication date: 2008-01-31
Also published as: CN1888023A; CN101370911B; CN101372634B; CN101370911A; CN101372634A

Abstract

An electric field acting assembly (300) for treating crude oil, it is arranged in line with a pipeline (100), and it includes a cavity (301) with an oil inlet used to connect the upstream pipeline (100) for conducting crude oil and an oil outlet used to convey the crude oil to downstream; an electric field acting area arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet for treating the crude oil; a voltage supply source (200) used to provide voltage for the electric field acting assembly (300); wherein the size ratio of the cavity's cross section vertical to the flow direction of the crude oil to the pipeline's is 1-3. The electric field acting assembly (300) can be applied to a dewatering unit for treating crude oil and a crude oil dewatering system comprising the dewatering unit. By using the electric field acting assembly (300), the dewatering and desalting equipment may be more simple and compact in structure, and the dehydration rate and efficiency can be increased.

Description

Crude oil dehydration device and system The invention claims to be submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on July 17, 2006, the application number is 20061 0045576. 5, and the invention name is "a method and device for dehydration and desalination of crude oil electric field" The entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical field and devices for electric field or acoustic electric dehydration of crude oil produced in oil fields or refineries. Background technique

In the production of petroleum and petrochemical industry, an important process is to open the water-in-oil and oil-in-water particles in a tightly coupled state to achieve complete separation of crude oil and water. The current method is chemical demulsification, which involves adding a large amount of surfactant (also known as demulsifier) to the oil-water emulsion to reduce the surface tension at the oil-water interface and accelerate the separation of oil and water. The main problems with this method of demulsification are high cost, slow response, and environmental pollution.

As an improvement, a method of accelerating the speed of breaking using a high-voltage electric field has come into being, and a device for realizing this function is generally called an electric dehydrator. It consists of a tank body in which high-voltage electrodes are arranged in a certain manner, and adjacent high-voltage electrodes are connected to different electrodes of the high-voltage power source outside the tank body, thereby forming a high-voltage electric field between them, and the tank body is further provided with Feed port, feed distributor, settling zone, drain at the lower part of the tank, and oil outlet at the upper part of the tank. The principle of action is to form a high-voltage electric field between different electrodes in the tank, and the emulsion is accelerated by the polarization of the electric field when passing through the electric field action portion. Chinese patents CN2159833Y, CN1605615A, CN1 14061 1 C, and U.S. Patent No. 4,209,374, etc., describe electric dehydrators of different structures, and their working principles are the same.

The structure is characterized by relatively stable work and instant separation of oil and water. The disadvantages are large volume, complicated structure, high cost, difficult installation, and slow movement of liquid in the tank. It also affects the chance that fine water droplets collide with each other to form large particles after electric field, which affects the efficiency and effect of dehydration and desalting.

Patent CN2296230 (ultrasonic demulsifier for oil field dehydration), CN2539559 (crude oil-electric field combined desalination device) discloses a combination of two electric fields and ultrasonic waves for dehydration and desalination. Their common technical route is to provide an electric dehydrator, such as the electric dehydrator described in the patents CN2159833, US4209374, etc., an ultrasonic device is arranged in front of the electric dehydrator, and the crude oil emulsion to be treated enters through the conveying pipe first. The ultrasonic acting device described in the patent CN2296230, or CN2539559, passes through the ultrasonic wave and then enters the electric dehydrator through the conveying pipe. Inside the electric dehydrator, under the action of the electric field, the oil-water separation speed is accelerated, and the separated sewage sinks into the bottom of the electric dehydrator and is discharged through the drain port. The separated crude oil is oiled through the upper part of the electric dehydrator. The port is discharged. Here, the electric dehydrator has two functions of performing electric field action on the crude oil to be treated and sedimentation separation of the treated crude oil. The physical demulsification achieved by this technical route is improved compared with the simple electric field dehydration represented by patents CN2159833 and US4209374, but there are several unfavorable defects in industrial production, which affect the physical demulsification technology. The effects and promotion of these issues are:

1. In terms of structure, the whole technical solution is subject to bulky electric decanting (ie, electric dehydrator), which restricts the physical dehydration system to be flexibly installed and modified according to the requirements of the production process, which is not conducive to the promotion of physical demulsification technology.

2. In the physical function procedure, due to the variety of crude oils, for a large number of crude oil emulsions, the first ultrasonic and post-electrical removal procedures are not conducive to the full effect of physical effects.

3. Compared with large-scale storage tanks widely used in industry, the volume of electric decanting is obviously small, which further limits the effect of physical action.

4. Physically settled liquid settles on site, reducing the chance of water-in-oil, oil-in-water particles colliding, merging, and sedimenting through Brownian motion.

5. In the electric dehydration tank, the liquid forms a layer due to sedimentation, and the electrical characteristics of the liquids between the electrodes of different groups are different, so that the voltage applied to the electrodes is not easy to achieve the desired shape. State, seriously affecting the effect of the electric field. Summary of the invention

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a crude oil electric field action portion is provided for mounting on an oil pipeline, including:

a cavity having an oil inlet end for mating with an upstream oil pipeline for inputting crude oil from the upstream, and an oil discharge end for outputting the crude oil flowing downstream;

An electric field action zone, disposed between the oil inlet end and the oil discharge end, for acting on an oil flowing through the electric field;

a power input terminal, disposed on the cavity, for inputting a voltage for generating an electric field for the electric field acting portion;

Wherein the cavity of the electric field acting portion is comparable in dimension to the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil and the dimension of the oil pipe to which it is coupled in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a crude oil dehydration unit is provided, comprising: a water-oil separation device; at least one crude oil physical action portion disposed upstream of the oil-water separation device and coupled to the oil-water separation device Wherein the crude oil physical action portion includes at least one of the above-mentioned crude oil electric field action portion and the ultrasonic action portion, wherein the cavity of the physical action portion is coupled to the dimension of the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil The dimensions of the oil pipeline in a section perpendicular to the direction of flow of the crude oil are comparable.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a crude oil dewatering system comprising at least one of the above-described crude oil dewatering units. In the above device, since the physical action portion, for example, the electric field action portion is coupled between the transfer pipes, the electric decanting existing in the existing process flow of the petrochemical industry can be utilized as the oil-water separation device, or the electrode-free structure can also be utilized. Various large-scale conventional settling tanks are used as oil-water separation devices to make full use of existing resources and reduce the size and complexity of the system.

In addition, the separation function can be separated from the physical function, such as the electric field function. The dehydration device is simpler and more compact in structure, which provides great convenience for the installation of the electric field and sound field combined device. It is easy to change from single point installation to multi-point installation in the process flow, which is very beneficial to strengthen physical demulsification and dehydration. The effect and promotion of the technology.

In addition, since the scale of the cross section of the crude oil physical action section perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil is comparable to the dimension of the oil pipeline connected thereto in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil, the diameter of the pipeline is much smaller than the conventional electric power. The diameter of the dehydrator is about an order of magnitude smaller, so that the diameter of the physical part of the crude oil is also reduced. This greatly reduces the amount of work required for the project, and also significantly reduces the number of electrodes for the electric field. The distance between adjacent electrodes reduces the need for a high voltage power supply, thereby allowing for a smaller voltage than conventional electric water separators. More importantly, the liquid flowing between the electrodes of the electric field is dynamic and uniform emulsion without sedimentation. The electrical characteristics are the same between all the electrodes, and it is easy to control the voltage applied between the electrodes. It guarantees stable operation; unlike the liquid in the traditional electric dehydrator, the stratification has been achieved after sedimentation. The electrical characteristics of the liquids between the electrodes are different and often change, and the voltage applied between the electrodes is difficult to control and unstable. It is easy to "smash the electric field" and reduce the efficiency of dehydration and desalination.

In addition, since the oil discharge end of the device can be matched with the settling tank through the oil pipeline, the chance of collision of fine water particles is increased, thereby increasing the chance of rapidly condensing fine water particles into large particles that are easy to settle, and greatly improving The effect and efficiency of dehydration and desalination of crude oil.

Additional advantages, objects, and embodiments will be set forth in part in the description which follows. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by the structure in the written description and the appended claims. The above and following detailed description are illustrative and explanatory, and are intended to provide further explanation. DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an action portion of a crude oil electric field according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an action portion of a crude oil electric field according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electrode used.

4 to 7 are schematic views respectively showing an electrode structure according to various embodiments of the present invention. Figures 8 - 1 2 respectively show schematic views of a crude oil dewatering unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 1 3 and Fig. 14 show a piezoelectric ceramic as a generating device for ultrasonic waves. Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 show a generating device for transmitting ultrasonic waves in a magnetostrictive manner. Figure 17 illustrates a crude oil dewatering system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description

The present invention will be further described by way of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, a crude oil electric field action portion 300 is provided. The inner surface of the tubular cavity of the metal tube is fixed to the electrode 303 via the support 302, the electrode 303 is composed of the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032, the electrode 3032 is a tubular structure, and the electrode 3031 is located in the tubular electrode 3032. The electrode 3031 has a rod-like structure, and the axis of the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 and the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301 are parallel to each other, and the axis of the electrode 3031 coincides with the axis of the electrode 3032 and the electric field acting cavity 301, and one end of the electric field acting cavity 301 is subjected to the method. The flange 304 is fixed to one end of the tubular connecting member 305, and the cable wall is formed on the wall of the connecting member 305. The electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 are respectively taken out from the cable hole through two cables 307, and the cable hole is sealed by the cable introducing plug 306. Blocked, the other end of the two cables 307 is connected to the two output ends of the high voltage power supply 200, and the cable 307 connected to the electrode 3031 is simultaneously electrically connected to the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301, and the other end of the connecting member 305 is flanged. It is fixed with the flange at the end of the oil pipeline. The present invention can also be used without the connector 305, and the cable 307 is directly drawn from the electric field acting cavity 301. The other end of the electric field acting chamber 301 is connected to the conveying pipe 100 via a flange, and the other end of the conveying pipe 100 is connected to the oil-water separating device, for example, the oil inlet end of the settling tank 400. The electrodes 303 in the electric field acting cavity 301 are two groups, one group consisting of the electrode 3032 and the electrode 3031, and the other group consisting of the electrode 3032 and the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301, and the high voltage power source 200 is applied to the electrode 303. The signal is a high voltage AC or DC signal. In addition, the electrical signal applied to the electrode 303 by the high voltage power source 200 may also be a high voltage pulse signal. The crude oil of the present invention flows through the oil pipeline 1 through the electric field acting chamber 301, and a high voltage electric field is formed between the electrode 3032 and the electrode 3031 and the wall of the electric field acting chamber 301 under the action of the high voltage power source 200, thereby forming an electric field. There is no electric field blind zone in the inner cavity of the action cavity 301. When the crude oil flows through the electric field action zone in the electric field action cavity 301, the oil-water mixture is subjected to the electric field, and the small water particles in the double action of the electric field and the liquid itself flow. Underneath, it is easy to collide with each other and condense into larger particles which are more easily separated from the oil. In addition, the presence of the conveying pipe 100 at the rear end of the electric field acting cavity 301 increases the collision chance of fine water particles, which is more conducive to the formation of fine water particles. The larger water particles, the water-treated crude oil treated by the electric field flows into the settling tank 400, and after natural sedimentation after entering the settling tank 400, the water settles to the bottom of the settling tank 400, and is discharged through the drain pipe 402 at the bottom of the tank body, after dehydration and desalination. The crude oil flows out through the oil drain pipe 401 at the top of the tank. According to the oil pipe diameter, the inner diameter of the tubular body of the metal pipe can be set as needed. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the oil pipe is 30 cm, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylindrical cavity of the metal tube is 50 cm; In the embodiment, the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylindrical tubular electric field acting cavity 301 may also be 30 cm. In one embodiment, the diameter of the conduit is 6 cm and the diameter of the inner cavity of the electric field acting cavity 301 is 6 cm.

Embodiment 2:

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in the crude oil electric field acting portion 300, the inner surface of the cylindrical tubular electric field acting chamber 301 is fixed with an electrode 303 via a support 302, the electrode 303 is composed of an electrode 3031 and an electrode 3032, and the electrode 3032 is a tube. The cylindrical structure, the electrode 3031 is located in the tubular electrode 3032, the electrode 3031 is a rod-like structure, the axis of the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 and the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301 are parallel to each other, and the axis of the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 and the electric field acting cavity The axis of the 301 is coincident. One end of the electric field acting cavity 301 is fixed to one end of the tubular connecting member 305 via the flange 304. The cable wall is formed on the pipe wall of the connecting member 305, and the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032 respectively pass through two cables 307. The cable hole is taken out from the cable hole, the cable hole is blocked by the cable introduction plug 306, the other end of the two cables 307 is connected to the two output ends of the high voltage power supply 200, and the cable 307 connected to the electrode 3031 is simultaneously connected with the electric field. The pipe wall of the action chamber 301 is electrically connected, and the other end of the connecting member 305 is fixed to the flange of the oil pipe at the end of the oil pipe by a flange. The present invention can also be used without the connector 305, and the cable 307 is directly drawn from the electric field acting cavity 301. The other end of the electric field acting cavity 301 is connected to the oil inlet end of the settling tank 400. The electrodes 303 in the electric field acting cavity 301 are two groups, one group consisting of the electrode 3032 and the electrode 3031, and the other group consisting of the electrode 3032 and the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301, and the electric signal applied by the high voltage power source 200 to the electrode 303. It is a high voltage AC signal above the intermediate frequency, and the electrical signal applied to the electrode 303 by the high voltage power supply 200 may also be a high voltage pulse signal. The crude oil of the present invention flows through the oil pipeline 1 through the electric field acting chamber 301, and a high voltage electric field is formed between the electrode 3032 and the electrode 3031 and the wall of the electric field acting chamber 301 under the action of the high voltage power source 200, thereby forming an electric field. There is no electric field blind zone in the cavity of the action cavity 301. When the oil flows through the electric field action zone in the electric field action cavity 301, the oil-water mixture is subjected to the electric field, and the fine water particles in the double action of the electric field and the liquid itself flow. Underneath, it is easy to collide with each other, condense into larger particles that are more easily separated from the oil, and is more conducive to the formation of larger water particles by the fine water particles. The water-treated crude oil after the electric field treatment flows into the oil-water separation device, such as the settling tank 400, After entering the settling tank 400, it is naturally settled, and the water settles to the bottom of the settling tank 400, and is discharged through the drain pipe 402 at the bottom of the tank body, and the dehydrated and desalted crude oil flows out through the oil drain pipe 401 at the top of the tank body. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the pipe is 25 cm, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylindrical cavity of the metal tube is preferably 20 cm.

Embodiment 3:

As shown in FIG. 4, the electrode 3031 has a rod-like structure, the electrode 3031 is fixed in the inner cavity of the electric field acting cavity 301 via the support body 302, the electrode 3031 is located on the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301, and the two cables 307 are respectively connected to the electrode 3031 and the electric field. The wall of the working chamber 301, the other structure of the embodiment and the connection manner thereof are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment.

Embodiment 4:

As shown in FIG. 5, the tubular electrode 3032a is located in the inner cavity of the electric field acting cavity 301, the electrode 3032a is provided with a tubular electrode 3032b, the electrode 3032b is provided with a rod electrode 3031, the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032b, and the electrode 3032a is fixed by the support 302. Electric field In the inner cavity of the cavity 301, the axis of the electrode 3031 coincides with the axis of the electrode 3032b, the electrode 3032a and the electric field acting cavity 301, the electrode 3031 and the electrode 3032a are connected by a cable, and the electrode 3032b and the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301 pass through. The other cables are connected together, and the other structures of the embodiment and the connection manner thereof are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment.

Embodiment 5:

In the foregoing four embodiments, the axes of the electrodes 3031, the electrodes 3032, the electrodes 3032a, and the electrodes 3032b may not coincide with the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301, and other structures and their connections are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment.

Example 6:

As shown in FIG. 6, the cross section of the electric field acting cavity 301 is rectangular, the electrode 3033 is a flat plate structure, the electrode 3033 is fixed in the inner cavity of the electric field acting cavity 301 via the supporting body 302, and the electrode 3033 and the electric field acting cavity 301 The opposite walls of the two chambers are parallel, and the wall of the electrode 3033 and the electric field acting chamber 301 are electrically connected to the two output ends of the high voltage power supply 200 via a cable 307, and other structures of the embodiment and the connection manner thereof and the embodiment One or the second embodiment is the same.

Example 7:

As shown in FIG. 7, the electric field acting cavity 301 has a rectangular cross section, and the electrode 3034, the electrode 3035, and the electrode 3036 have a flat structure, and the electrode 3034, the electrode 3035, and the electrode 3036 are parallel to each other, and interact with the electric field cavity 301. The two opposing walls are parallel, and the electrode 3034 and the electrode 3036 are connected via a cable 307 to an output end of the high voltage power supply 200. The electrode 3035 and the wall of the electric field acting cavity 301 pass through another cable 307 and a high voltage power supply. The other output is electrically connected.

The number of groups of the electrodes 303 of the present invention can be increased or decreased according to the size of the tube diameter of the electric field acting chamber 301, and the larger the tube diameter, the larger the number of groups of the electrodes 303, and vice versa. In order to enhance the strength and effect of the electric field acting portion, a plurality of sets of electric field acting cavities 301 on which the electrodes 303 are mounted may be connected in series between the settling tank 400 and the oil feed pipe 100.

Example 8:

Embodiment 6 The electrode 3033, the electrode 3034, the electrode 3035 and the electrode in the seventh embodiment 3036 can also have an angle with the axis of the electric field acting cavity 301.

Example 9:

The electrode may also be a stencil-like structure, and the two stencil electrodes are fixed in the inner cavity of the electric field working chamber via the support body, the stencil electrode is perpendicular to the axis of the electric field acting cavity, and the adjacent two stencil electrodes respectively pass the cable Connected to the two output ends of the high-voltage power supply, the two grid-shaped electrodes form an electric field in the same direction as the flow of the crude oil in the cavity of the electric field. After the electric field treated crude oil flows into the settling tank, the water and salt are settled. It settles to the bottom of the settling tank and is discharged through the drain pipe at the bottom of the tank. The dehydrated and desalted crude oil flows out through the drain pipe at the top of the tank.

Example 10:

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a crude oil dewatering unit is provided. Wherein, comprising a water-oil separation device, such as a settling tank or a settling zone, in front of the settling tank (zone), comprising at least a crude oil physical action portion, the physical action comprising an electric field action portion for applying an electric field to the crude oil to be treated and The sound wave action portion for applying the sound wave (ultrasonic wave) to the crude oil to be treated, the electric field action portion and the sound wave action portion may be connected by pipeline or other means; the crude oil to be treated enters the electric field action portion and the ultrasonic wave through the transport pipe After passing through the electric field and ultrasonic waves, it is sent to the subsequent settling tank through the conveying pipeline for sedimentation separation. The separated purified oil overflows from the oil spill port located in the upper part of the settling tank, and the separated water is drained from below the settling tank. The mouth is discharged. In another embodiment, the crude oil may also enter the ultrasonic action portion through the transfer pipe and then enter the electric field action portion.

Figure 8 shows a crude oil dehydration unit, that is, an electric field-ultrasonic combined dehydration dehydration desalination apparatus for implementing the emulsion of the above technical solution, wherein an oil-water separation device, such as a settling tank 400, is provided in front of the settling tank 400 An electric field acting portion 300 that applies an electric field to the crude oil to be treated and an ultrasonic acting portion 500 that applies ultrasonic waves to the crude oil to be treated are connected to the crude oil conveying pipe 100, and the electric field acting portion 300 and the ultrasonic acting portion 500 are connected by a pipe. The crude oil emulsion to be treated sequentially enters the electric field acting portion 300 through the conveying pipe 100, and the ultrasonic acting portion 500 is respectively sent to the settling tank 400 through the conveying pipe 100 through the action of the electric field and the ultrasonic wave to perform sedimentation and oil-water separation. Electricity The field action portion 300 and the ultrasonic action portion 500 are substantially free from the sedimentation and separation functions of the oil and water. The structure of the electric field action portion can be as shown in the first embodiment to the ninth embodiment; the structure of the ultrasonic action portion can be used as the patents CN2296230 and CN2539559. And the scheme shown in ZL200520085698.

Example 11:

In the present technical solution, the electric field acting portion 300 and the ultrasonic acting portion 500 in the crude oil dehydration unit may not be connected through the pipe 100, but in the front and rear regions in a large action portion, as shown in FIG.

Example 12, 13:

In the technical solution, in the crude oil dewatering unit, the order in which the crude oil to be processed enters the process can be adjusted, that is, first enters the ultrasonic action portion 500, then enters the electric field action portion 300, and finally enters the settling separation tank. As shown in Figure 10, 1 1 respectively.

Embodiment 14:

In the crude oil dehydration unit of the present embodiment, a physical action portion is included, in which the crude oil emulsion to be treated is filled, the high-voltage electric field generated by the high-voltage electric field generating device and the mechanical wave generated by the ultrasonic generating device are in physical action. The superposition in the part is sufficient to generate an electric field-superimposed field of the sound field. The propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave can be parallel or at an angle to the electric field direction. The crude oil emulsion in the physical action part is acted upon by the superposition field of the electric field-sound field. The conveying pipe is sent to the lower stage settling tank for sedimentation separation.

Figure 12 shows a crude oil dewatering unit, that is, an electric field-acoustic field combined demulsification device for realizing the crude oil emulsion of the above technical solution, which comprises an oil-water separation device, a settling tank 400, which is conveyed in front of the settling tank. The pipe 100 is connected with a cooperating portion 600 of an electric field and a sound field, and the cooperating portion inputs the crude oil emulsion through another crude oil conveying pipe, and the high-voltage electric field generated by the high-voltage generating device and the mechanical wave generated by the ultrasonic generating device cooperate here. The superposition is fully superimposed in the part, thereby generating an electric field-acoustic field superposition field. The crude oil input from the crude oil conveying pipe 100 into the cooperating part is superimposed by the electric field-acoustic field, and then sent to the storage tank 400 for sedimentation and separation through the conveying pipe. The separated water is discharged through the drain pipe 402, and the clean oil is sent from the oil drain pipe 401 to the next stage process. As shown in Figure 12.

In the above technical solution of the superposition of the electric field-acoustic field to form a common action portion, the angle formed by the action direction of the ultrasonic wave with respect to the direction of action of the electric field can be adjusted according to the requirements of the oil product and the device, from approximately parallel (0.) to Approximate vertical (90. ;).

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric ceramic as a generating means for ultrasonic waves, in which the direction of ultrasonic emission is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the liquid to be treated. The angle of action of the ultrasonic waves with respect to the direction in which the electric field acts may range from 0° to 90°. .

Figure 15 and Figure 16 show a device for generating ultrasonic waves in a magnetostrictive manner. The direction of ultrasonic emission is parallel to the flow direction of the crude oil to be treated. In the superimposed portion of the electric field-sound field, the direction of action and the electric field of the ultrasonic waves The effect is perpendicular to each other.

Of course, the present invention can also use other means to generate ultrasonic waves, and is not necessarily limited to the above embodiments.

In Fig. 13 to Fig. 16, 501 is an ultrasonic transmitting device (probe), 502 is an ultrasonic power source, 503 is a cable connecting an ultrasonic power source and an ultrasonic probe; and 303 is an electrode forming a high voltage electric field, which are generally parallel to each other, 200 It is a high voltage power supply, 307 is a high voltage cable connecting a high voltage electrode and a high voltage power supply; 600 is a cavity forming a joint portion, 305 is a transition piece, and 302 is an electrode support.

The settling tank in the above embodiment can utilize the existing electric decanting or a conventional settling tank.

The physical action portion included in the above-described crude oil dehydration unit includes both an electric field action portion and an ultrasonic action portion. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the physical action portion included in the crude oil dehydration unit may also include only one of the electric field action portion or the ultrasonic action portion. In the above embodiment, the physical action portion (electric field action portion and/or ultrasonic action portion) may be tubular.

In the crude oil dehydration unit disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, each unit may include at least one crude oil physical action portion and one oil-water separation device, such as a settling tank, each physical action portion including an electric field action portion and/or ultrasonic action unit.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a crude oil dehydration system, the system The system includes at least one of the above crude oil dewatering units. The water requirements of the crude oil dewatering system are formed. In the serial distribution or parallel mode, the multi-stage crude oil dehydration unit can extract different processing conditions in different units to enhance the dehydration effect.

Figure 17 shows a crude oil dewatering system comprising three sets of crude oil dewatering units, wherein the crude oil dewatering unit can be, for example, a crude oil dewatering unit as shown in Figures 8-12. The three groups of crude oil dehydration units are serially distributed. The adjacent crude oil dehydration units 801, 802 and 802, 803 are connected by oil pipelines. After the crude oil to be treated is sent to the crude oil dehydration system through the crude oil transportation pipeline, it passes through The crude oil dehydration units 801, 802, and 803 are processed, and the processed crude oil is externally transported through the crude oil transportation pipeline.

The conventional horizontal electric decanting is generally about 3 meters in diameter and more than ten meters long. In the embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the pipe-shaped electric field acting portion (or ultrasonic acting portion) used is comparable to the diameter of the oil pipeline. of. For example, when the diameter of the oil pipeline is 30 cm, the diameter of the electric field acting portion (or the ultrasonic acting portion) may be, for example, 20 cm to 60 cm; when the diameter of the oil pipeline is 40 cm, the electric field acting portion (or the ultrasonic acting portion) The diameter of the oil pipe may be, for example, 30 cm to 90 cm; when the diameter of the oil pipe is 50 cm, the diameter of the electric field action portion (or the ultrasonic action portion) may be, for example, 40 cm to 100 cm, and the electric field action portion (or ultrasonic action) The ratio of the diameter of the portion to the diameter of the pipe is substantially between 0.7 and several times, preferably between 1 and 3 times. Of course, the diameter of the electric field acting portion (or the ultrasonic acting portion) can be arbitrarily reduced or increased as needed. The length of the electric field acting portion (or the ultrasonic acting portion) may be arbitrarily lengthened as needed, and the longer the acting portion, the more the electric field acts on the crude oil, and the effect is better.

In the traditional electric dehydrator, the distance between adjacent electrodes is generally several tens of centimeters, and it is necessary to apply tens of thousands of volts or higher to have a better effect; because the tank is simultaneously settled, the sedimentation separates the high water content. Layer, the liquid properties of different adjacent electrodes are inconsistent, it is easy to lead to breakdown between electrodes, it is not easy to control, forming a "cross-electric field", so that the electric field stops.

In the duct type electric field acting portion of the present invention, the distance between adjacent electrodes is generally In a few centimeters, it is only necessary to apply a voltage of several thousand volts or less to have a better effect; the number of electrodes can be adjusted according to the size of the electric field action portion, and the electrode is thicker by adding several layers of electrodes, and vice versa. .

In the electric field acting part, since the oil and water mixture flowing through the electric field is too late to carry out the sedimentation and separation of the oil and water, the oil and water are in a state of close emulsification, and there is no obvious stratification, and the liquid properties between adjacent electrodes of each group are basically the same. Therefore, the electrodes are not easily broken down. Under the same conditions, a higher voltage can be applied per unit distance, and it is easy to control, so the effect is better.

The technical solution provided by the invention not only utilizes the electric field and the sound field to promote the dehydration and dehydration of the crude oil, but also uses the Brownian motion principle to increase the collision of the water-in-oil and the oil-in-water particles. Opportunities improve the efficiency and quality of demulsification.

By using the technical solution provided by the invention, the effect of the electric field and the sound field interaction and mutual promotion are enhanced in the process of demulsification and dehydration, and the effect of demulsification and dehydration of crude oil is further improved.

By using the device of the invention, the complicated and cumbersome electric dehydration tank is discarded, and the device itself has a simple and compact structure, which provides great convenience for the installation of the electric field and sound field combined device, and is easy to process from a single point in the process flow. Installation to multi-point installation is very beneficial to strengthen physical demulsification, dehydration and the promotion of this technology.

Further, in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the combination of the action of the electric field and the sound field is different, different effects on the crude oil of different qualities and different temperatures are exerted. The invention can be targeted to the different quality of crude oil, the requirements of different process points, and the corresponding combination and joint action modes are utilized in a targeted manner, and the advantages of the electric field and the sound field are fully utilized to achieve the best demulsification and dehydration effect.

Additional advantages, objects, and embodiments will be set forth in part in the description which follows. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by the structure in the written description Above and below The detailed description is to be considered as illustrative and illustrative and The system is in the precise form disclosed above. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent modifications and alterations are possible within the scope of the invention, and such modifications and substitutions are considered to be encompassed by the present invention. Moreover, the principles of the invention provided herein are also applicable to other fields and are not necessarily limited to dehydration and desalination of crude oil. The elements of the various embodiments described above can be combined arbitrarily to provide further embodiments.

The patents and patent applications and other references referred to above are incorporated herein by reference. The various aspects of the invention may be modified as necessary to provide a further embodiment of the invention in the systems, functions and concepts of the various references described above.

In addition, the terms used in the following claims should be construed as limiting the invention to the specific embodiments disclosed in the description, unless the above detailed description clearly. Therefore, the actual scope of the invention should be construed as being

Claims

Claim

1. A crude oil electric field action portion for mounting on an oil pipeline, comprising: a cavity having an oil inlet end adapted to be coupled with an upstream oil pipeline, for inputting crude oil from the upstream, and an oil outlet end for Exporting crude oil flowing downstream;

Wherein the dimensions of the section of the cavity in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil are comparable to the dimensions of the section of the oil pipeline to which it is attached in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil.

2. The crude oil electric field action portion according to claim 1, wherein the electric field action region includes at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode being respectively connected to different power input At the terminal, each of the first electrode and the second electrode extends in a direction substantially parallel to the flow of the crude oil and alternately arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil, and has a flow of the crude oil between the first electrode and the second electrode. The predetermined interval.

3. The crude oil electric field action portion according to claim 2, wherein the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode comprises a direct current and/or an alternating current voltage and/or a pulse voltage.

4. The crude oil electric field action portion according to claim 1, wherein the oil discharge end is directly coupled or coupled to a water-oil separation device through an oil pipeline.

5. The crude oil electric field action portion according to claim 2, wherein said predetermined interval between each of the first electrode and the second electrode is uniform or non-uniform.

The crude oil electric field action portion according to claim 2, wherein said first electrode and said second electrode are substantially circular in cross section and are disposed concentrically or differently.

7. The crude oil electric field action portion according to claim 1, wherein the electric field acting portion is tubular, and a ratio of a diameter to a diameter of the oil delivery pipe is between 1 and 3 times.

8. A crude oil dewatering unit for installation on an oil pipeline, comprising: Oil-water separation device,

At least one crude oil physical action portion disposed upstream of the oil-water separation device and coupled to the oil-water separation device, wherein the crude oil physical action portion includes the crude oil electric field action portion and/or ultrasound according to claim 1. The action portion, wherein the dimension of the cavity of the physical action portion is comparable to the dimension of the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil in a dimension perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil.

9. The crude oil dehydration unit according to claim 8, wherein the electric field acting portion and the ultrasonic acting portion are disposed in series, one of the electric field acting portion and the ultrasonic acting portion is mated with the upstream oil pipe, and the other directly mating or passing The oil pipeline is coupled to the downstream oil-water separation device, and one of the electric field and the ultrasonic action portion and the other one of them acts on the crude oil.

10. The crude oil dehydration unit according to claim 8, wherein the electric field acting portion is disposed to overlap with the ultrasonic acting portion to superimpose an electric field and an acoustic field while acting on the crude oil.

The crude oil dehydration unit according to claim 8 or 9 or 10, wherein the direction of action of the ultrasonic waves is substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the crude oil.

The crude oil dehydration unit according to claim 8 or 9 or 10, wherein the direction of action of the ultrasonic waves is substantially parallel to the flow direction of the crude oil.

The crude oil dehydration unit according to claim 8, wherein the ultrasonic waves are generated by piezoelectric ceramics or magnetostrictive means.

A crude oil dewatering system comprising at least one crude oil dehydration unit according to claim 8.