WO2007115162A2 - Carbon nanotube-reinforced nanocomposites - Google Patents
Carbon nanotube-reinforced nanocomposites Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007115162A2 WO2007115162A2 PCT/US2007/065630 US2007065630W WO2007115162A2 WO 2007115162 A2 WO2007115162 A2 WO 2007115162A2 US 2007065630 W US2007065630 W US 2007065630W WO 2007115162 A2 WO2007115162 A2 WO 2007115162A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- epoxy
- dwnts
- mwnts
- nanocomposites
- composite
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/06—Multi-walled nanotubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
Definitions
- CNTs carbon nanotubes
- SWNTs single wall CNTs
- DWNTs double wall CNTs
- MWNTs multi-wall CNTs
- CNTs From unique electronic properties and a thermal conductivity higher than that of diamond to mechanical properties where the stiffness, strength and resilience exceeds that of any current material, CNTs offer tremendous opportunity for the development of fundamental new material systems.
- exceptional mechanical properties of CNTs E > 1.0 TPa and tensile strength of 50 GPa
- low density 1-2.0 g/cm 3
- CNT-reinforced composite materials Eric W. Wong, Paul E. Sheehan, Charles M. Lieber, "Nanobeam Mechanics: Elasticity, Strength, and Toughness of Nanorods and Nanotubes", Science 277, 1971(1997).
- CNTs are the strongest material known on earth.
- SWNTs and DWNTs have even more promising as reinforcing materials for composites because of their higher surface area and higher aspect ratio.
- Table 1 lists surface area and aspect ratio of SWNTs, DWNTs, and MWNTs.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a process for manufacturing epoxy/CNT nanocomposites
- Fig. 2 illustrates a graph showing the flexural strength of epoxy nanocomposites
- Fig. 3 illustrates a graph showing the flexural modulus of epoxy nanocomposites.
- a combination of MWNTs (herein, MWNTs have more than 2 walls) and DWNTs significantly improves the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites.
- a small amount of DWNTs reinforcment ( ⁇ lwt.%) significantly improves the flexural strength of epoxy matrix nanocomposites.
- a same or similar amount of MWNTs reinforcement significantly improves the flexural modulus (stiffness) of epoxy matrix nanocomposites.
- Both flexural strength and flexural modulus of the MWNTs and DWNTs-coreinforced epoxy nanocomposites are further improved compared with same amount of either DWNTs or MWNTs-reinforced epoxy nanocomposites.
- SWNTs may also work instead of DWNTs.
- other thermoset polymers may also work.
- Epoxy resin bisphenol-A was obtained from Arisawa Inc., Japan.
- the hardener (dicyandiamide) was obtained from the same company which was used to cure the epoxy nanocomposites.
- Both DWNTs and MWNTs were obtained from Nanocyl, Inc., Belgium.
- Those CNTs were functionalized with amino (-NH 2 ) functional groups.
- Amino-functionalized CNTs may help to improve the bonding between the CNTs and epoxy molecular chairs which can further improve the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites.
- pristine CNTs or functionalized by other ways may also work (e.g., pellets obtained from Arkema Co., Japan (product name: RILSAN BMV-P20 PAI l).
- Clay was provided by Southern Clay Products, U.S. (product name: Cloisite ® series 93A). It is a natural montmorillonite modified with a ternary ammonium salt.
- the elastomer was styrene/ethylene butylenes/styrene (SEBS) purchased from Kraton Inc., U.S. (product name: G1657).
- FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a process flow to make epoxy/CNT nanocomposites. All ingredients were dried in a vacuum oven at 7O 0 C for at least 16 hours to fully eliminate moisture. CNTs were put in acetone 101 and dispersed by a micro-fluidic machine is step 102 (commercially available from Microfluidics Co.). The micro-fluidic machine uses high- pressure streams that collide at ultra-high velocities in precisely defined micron-sized channels. Its combined forces of shear and impact act upon products to create uniform dispersions. The CNT/acetone was then formed as a gel 103 resulting in the CNTs well dispersed in the acetone solvent. However, other methods, such as an ultrasonication process may also work.
- a surfactant may be also used to disperse CNTs in solution.
- Epoxy was then added in step 104 to the CNT/acetone gel to create an epoxy/CNT/acetone solution 105, which was followed by an ultrasonication process in a bath at 7O 0 C for 1 hour (step 106) to create an epoxy/CNT/acetone suspension 107.
- the CNTs were further dispersed in epoxy in step 108 using a stirrer mixing process at 7O 0 C for half an hour at a speed of 1,400 rev/min. to create an epoxy/CNT/acetone gel 109.
- a hardener was than added in step 110 to the epoxy/CNT/acetone gel 109 at a ratio of 4.5 wt.
- Table 2 shows the mechanical properties (flexural strength and flexural modulus) of the epoxies made using the process flow of Fig. 1 to make epoxy/CNT nanocomposites.
- the flexural strength of epoxy/DWNTs is higher than that of epoxy/MWNTs at the same loading of CNTs, while the flexural modulus of epoxy/DWNTs is lower than that of epoxy/MWNTs at the same loading of CNTs, as shown in Fig. 3.
- Both the flexural strength and flexural modulus of epoxy/DWNTs (0.5wt.%)/MWNTs (0.5wt.%) are higher than those of epoxy/DWNTs (lwt.%).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07759819A EP2019750A4 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-03-30 | Carbon nanotube-reinforced nanocomposites |
JP2009503306A JP2009532531A (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-03-30 | Carbon nanotube reinforced nanocomposite |
CA002647727A CA2647727A1 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-03-30 | Carbon nanotube-reinforced nanocomposites |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US78823406P | 2006-03-31 | 2006-03-31 | |
US60/788,234 | 2006-03-31 | ||
US81039406P | 2006-06-02 | 2006-06-02 | |
US60/810,394 | 2006-06-02 | ||
US81931906P | 2006-07-07 | 2006-07-07 | |
US60/819,319 | 2006-07-07 | ||
US11/693,454 | 2007-03-29 | ||
US11/693,454 US8129463B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-03-29 | Carbon nanotube-reinforced nanocomposites |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007115162A2 true WO2007115162A2 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
WO2007115162A3 WO2007115162A3 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
Family
ID=40149864
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2007/065630 WO2007115162A2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-03-30 | Carbon nanotube-reinforced nanocomposites |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2019750A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009532531A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20090025194A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2647727A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007115162A2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2228406A1 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-15 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Improved mechanical properties of epoxy filled with functionalized carbon nanotubes |
WO2012028379A1 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-08 | Sgl Carbon Se | Reinforced epoxy resin |
WO2013133941A1 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-12 | Applied Nanotech Holdings, Inc. | Carbon nanotube reinforced nanocomposites |
AU2011230532B2 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2015-06-25 | University Of Hawaii | Nanomaterial-reinforced resins and related materials |
WO2016073337A1 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-05-12 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Ultrahigh loading of carbon nanotubes in structural resins |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5303234B2 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2013-10-02 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | High-density carbon nanotube aggregate and method for producing the same |
IT1396918B1 (en) | 2009-11-03 | 2012-12-20 | Polimeri Europa Spa | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF GRAPHENIC NANOPIASTRINES WITH HIGH LEVELABILITY IN LOW POLARITY POLYMER MATRICES AND THEIR POLYMERIC COMPOSITIONS |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005012171A2 (en) | 2003-07-28 | 2005-02-10 | William Marsh Rice University | Sidewall functionalization of carbon nanotubes with organosilanes for polymer composites |
WO2005028174A2 (en) | 2003-06-16 | 2005-03-31 | William Marsh Rice University | Fabrication of carbon nanotube reinforced epoxy polymer composites using functionalized carbon nanotubes |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4241070B2 (en) * | 2002-02-12 | 2009-03-18 | 東レ株式会社 | Resin composition and method for producing the same |
JP4196567B2 (en) * | 2002-02-14 | 2008-12-17 | 東レ株式会社 | Carbon fiber reinforced resin composition, molding material and molded article thereof |
JP4931168B2 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2012-05-16 | 国立大学法人名古屋大学 | Method for producing high purity 2 to 5 carbon nanotubes |
-
2007
- 2007-03-30 CA CA002647727A patent/CA2647727A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-30 EP EP07759819A patent/EP2019750A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-03-30 JP JP2009503306A patent/JP2009532531A/en active Pending
- 2007-03-30 KR KR1020087026669A patent/KR20090025194A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-03-30 WO PCT/US2007/065630 patent/WO2007115162A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005028174A2 (en) | 2003-06-16 | 2005-03-31 | William Marsh Rice University | Fabrication of carbon nanotube reinforced epoxy polymer composites using functionalized carbon nanotubes |
WO2005012171A2 (en) | 2003-07-28 | 2005-02-10 | William Marsh Rice University | Sidewall functionalization of carbon nanotubes with organosilanes for polymer composites |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP2019750A4 |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2228406A1 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-15 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Improved mechanical properties of epoxy filled with functionalized carbon nanotubes |
WO2010102732A1 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Improved mechanical properties of epoxy filled with functionalized carbon nanotubes |
AU2011230532B2 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2015-06-25 | University Of Hawaii | Nanomaterial-reinforced resins and related materials |
US9120908B2 (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2015-09-01 | University Of Hawaii | Nanomaterial-reinforced resins and related materials |
WO2012028379A1 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-08 | Sgl Carbon Se | Reinforced epoxy resin |
WO2013133941A1 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-12 | Applied Nanotech Holdings, Inc. | Carbon nanotube reinforced nanocomposites |
WO2016073337A1 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-05-12 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Ultrahigh loading of carbon nanotubes in structural resins |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2019750A4 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
CA2647727A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
KR20090025194A (en) | 2009-03-10 |
JP2009532531A (en) | 2009-09-10 |
WO2007115162A3 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
EP2019750A2 (en) | 2009-02-04 |
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