WO2007040144A1 - 皮革様シートおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
皮革様シートおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007040144A1 WO2007040144A1 PCT/JP2006/319332 JP2006319332W WO2007040144A1 WO 2007040144 A1 WO2007040144 A1 WO 2007040144A1 JP 2006319332 W JP2006319332 W JP 2006319332W WO 2007040144 A1 WO2007040144 A1 WO 2007040144A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- leather
- polymer
- fiber
- ultrafine
- ultrafine fiber
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43838—Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic System
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
- D06N3/142—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes mixture of polyurethanes with other resins in the same layer
- D06N3/144—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes mixture of polyurethanes with other resins in the same layer with polyurethane and polymerisation products, e.g. acrylics, PVC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/2395—Nap type surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
- Y10T428/24438—Artificial wood or leather grain surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2369—Coating or impregnation improves elasticity, bendability, resiliency, flexibility, or shape retention of the fabric
- Y10T442/2377—Improves elasticity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
- Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
Definitions
- the present invention has an excellent appearance such as natural leather with flexibility and fullness, has a high-class appearance, has good quality stability such as fastness and surface wear, and has practical performance.
- an excellent leather-like sheet, and artificial leather with a silver tone, artificial leather with a suede tone, and artificial leather with a semi-silver tone are manufactured by a method that does not give an environmental load.
- the stable fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric structure have a short fiber length, and therefore, the tendency to be pulled out from the nonwoven fabric structure or fall off is unavoidable. Due to this tendency, important surface properties such as the friction durability of the raised surface of the artificial leather and the adhesive peel strength of the artificial leather are insufficient. Furthermore, there are problems such as large stretch in the manufacturing process, fluffing of surface fibers, and a sense of fulfillment that results in poor surface feel and poor quality stability.
- polyurethane As a method for imparting a polymer elastic body to a nonwoven fabric forming a fibrous substrate, generally, polyurethane is used from the viewpoint of mechanical properties, dye resistance, texture, surface napping feeling, etc. of a leather-like sheet. A method of impregnating and coagulating an organic solvent solution such as dimethylformamide as an elastic elastomer is used.
- an organic solvent solution such as dimethylformamide as an elastic elastomer
- the dyeing property of the excessively impregnated polymer elastic body and the fiber is different, so that color unevenness is conspicuous, and a high-grade feeling is inferior in quality stability.
- the polymer elastic body that has exhausted the dye falls off during use and is fastened. Have problems that are prominently worse.
- the rubber feeling peculiar to polyurethane is strengthened, and if it is as rich as natural leather, an artificial leather with flexibility cannot be obtained.
- an aqueous dispersion of a urethane polymer elastic body is used instead of the production method using an organic solvent solution of a urethane high molecular elastic body.
- Various methods for producing a leather-like sheet using the same have been proposed (for example, see Patent Documents 3 and 4).
- water-dispersible polyurethanes have a harder leather-like sheet texture, less surface fibers, and less mechanical properties compared to organic solvent-soluble urethane polymer elastic bodies. Have a problem.
- acrylic polymer elastic bodies may also be used as texture control agents for knitted fabrics.
- the polymer elastic body imparted to the inside of the leather-like sheet has been substantially limited to the urethane-based polymer elastic body.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-273769
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-20368
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-6-316877
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-132876
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, to have an excellent appearance such as softness and fullness like natural leather, to have a high-class appearance, toughness, surface wear, etc.
- the present invention is a leather-like sheet comprising an ultrafine fiber entangled body composed of ultrafine fiber bundles and a polymer elastic body provided therein,
- the ultrafine fiber bundle is composed of ultrafine single fibers having an average cross-sectional area of 0.:! To 30 xm 2 and has an average cross-sectional area force S40 to 400 ⁇ m 2 ;
- the ultrafine fiber bundle exists in an arbitrary cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the ultrafine fiber entangled body at a density of 600 to 4000 pieces / mm 2 ,
- the polymer elastic body contains 30 to 100% by mass of a polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer has a glass transition temperature of 80 to 98% by mass ( Tg) is a soft component having a temperature of less than ⁇ 5 ° C .:! To 20% by mass of a crosslinkable component, 0 to 19% by mass of a hard component having a glass transition temperature (Tg) exceeding 50 ° C., and 0 to : Consists of 19% by weight of other ingredients, and
- a leather-like sheet characterized in that the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer is fixed to ultrafine fibers inside the ultrafine fiber bundle.
- the present invention further provides
- the microfine fiber-forming fibers of the contraction process after the entangled nonwoven fabric with microfine, average cross sectional area is 0 -: of ⁇ 30 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ultrafine made of single fibers, of 40 to 400 / im 2
- An ultrafine fiber entangled body comprising ultrafine fiber bundles having an average cross-sectional area, and the ultrafine fiber bundle has a density of 600 to 4000 / mm 2 in an arbitrary cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the ultrafine fiber entangled body Producing an ultrafine fiber entanglement existing in
- ultrafine fiber-entangled body composed mainly of leather-like sheet of the present invention has an average cross-sectional area is preferably the ultrafine single fibers 0.:! ⁇ 30 zm 2 5: 1000 observed including, cross-sectional area consisting of ultrafine fiber bundles is 40 to 400 zm 2.
- the fiber for producing the ultrafine fiber entangled body is not particularly limited as long as it is a fiber that can be converted into the ultrafine fiber bundle, and is a sea-island type obtained by using a method such as a mixed spinning method or a composite spinning method. It can be appropriately selected from ultrafine fiber-generating fibers such as cross-sectional fibers and multilayer laminated cross-sectional fibers.
- the thickness of the ultra-fine fiber-generating fiber is preferably 0-5-3 decitex, more preferably 0-8-2 / 5, because it provides a sense of fulfillment that is as flexible as natural leather and is easy to manufacture. Decitex.
- the polymer constituting the ultrafine fiber is conveniently selected according to the intended use and required performance as long as it is a polymer that can generate the ultrafine fiber without being extracted by an extraction process or the like.
- Specific examples thereof include, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, isophthalic acid-modified polyethylene terephthalate, sulfoisophthalic acid-modified polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyhexamethylene terephthalate and other aromatic polyesters and copolymers thereof; polylactic acid, Aliphatic polyesters such as polyethylene succinate, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate adipate, polyhydroxybutyrate-polyhydroxyvalerate copolymer and copolymers thereof; nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 10, nylon 11, nylon 12.
- Polyamides such as nylon 6-12 and copolymers thereof; polyolefins such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polybutene, polymethylpentene, and chlorinated polyolefins S and copolymers thereof; degeneration ethylene units containing 25 to 70 mole% poly Bulle alcohol; and polyurethane, nylon type, and a E elastomer such as polyester.
- These polymers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ultrafine fiber-generating fiber is a multilayer laminated cross-section fiber, a plurality of polymers that can be peeled and divided are used in appropriate combination.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- isophthalic acid-modified polyethylene terephthalate polylactic acid
- nylon 6, nylon 12 nylon 6-12
- copolymers of the above polyamides and poly Propylene
- modified resins such as PET and isophthalic acid modified PET are preferably used because they have good shrinkage characteristics during hydrothermal treatment of long fiber entangled bodies.
- the polymer may contain various additives as necessary within a range that does not impair the object and effect of the present invention, such as a catalyst, an anti-coloring agent, a heat-resistant agent, a flame retardant, a lubricant, an antifouling agent, and a fluorescent enhancement agent.
- a catalyst such as a catalyst, an anti-coloring agent, a heat-resistant agent, a flame retardant, a lubricant, an antifouling agent, and a fluorescent enhancement agent.
- Whitening agents, anti-fading agents, coloring agents, gloss improvers, antistatic agents, fragrances, deodorants, antibacterial agents, acaricides, inorganic fine particles, etc. may be added.
- the ultrafine fiber bundle is formed by removing a removable polymer from an ultrafine fiber generating fiber such as a sea-island cross-section fiber or a multilayer laminated cross-section fiber.
- a removable polymer a known polymer can be used as long as it is a polymer that can form a sea-island type composite fiber or a multilayer laminated cross-section fiber and can be easily removed.
- Water-soluble thermoplastic resins that can be removed with water or aqueous solutions are preferred for reducing environmental impact.
- a water-soluble thermoplastic resin is a polymer that can be dissolved and removed by water, an aqueous alkali solution, an aqueous acid solution or the like under conditions such as heating and pressurization.
- Polyethylene glycol and / or sulfonic acid alkali metal salt examples thereof include a modified polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol-based copolymer, and polyethylene oxide obtained by copolymerizing a compound containing the same.
- PVA resin water-soluble thermoplastic poly (vinyl alcohol) resin
- PVA resin water-soluble thermoplastic poly (vinyl alcohol) resin
- the ultrafine fiber-generating fiber shrinks during the extraction and removal treatment with an aqueous solution, and the formed ultrafine fiber is crimped to make the nonwoven fabric bulky and dense.
- Such a non-woven fabric is easy to vividly color and gives a suede-like leather-like sheet having an excellent texture such as a very soft natural leather.
- the melting point of the polymer constituting the ultrafine fiber is preferably the melting point of the PVA resin + 60 ° C or less.
- the melting point (Tm) of the PVA resin is preferably 160 to 250 ° C from the viewpoint of spinnability.
- the viscosity average degree of polymerization of the PVA resin (hereinafter simply referred to as the degree of polymerization) is preferably from 200 to 500, more preferably from 230 to 470 forces S, and even more preferably from 250 to 450.
- the degree of polymerization is 200 or more, a melt viscosity sufficient for stable complexation is exhibited.
- the degree of polymerization is 500 or less, the melt viscosity is not too high, and the resin discharge with a spinning nozzle force is easy.
- the degree of polymerization (P) is measured according to JIS-K6726. That is, after re-saponifying and purifying the PV A resin, it is obtained from the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] measured in water at 30 ° C by the following equation.
- the degree of saponification of PVA resin is 90 to 99.99 mole 0/0, it is preferred instrument 93-99. More preferably 98 Mo Honoré 0/0 power S, 94 to 99. 97 Monore 0 / 0 force S more preferably, preferred 96 to 99.96 Monore 0/0 force S Patent.
- the Ken degree is 90 mol% or more, the thermal stability of the PVA resin is good, and unsatisfactory melt spinning due to gelling can be avoided. Biodegradability is also good.
- the ultrafine fiber-generating long fibers can be stably produced without reducing the water solubility of the PVA resin depending on the type of copolymerization monomer described later. PVA with a saponification degree greater than 99.99 mol% is difficult to produce stably.
- the PVA resin is biodegradable and decomposes into water and carbon dioxide when activated sludge treatment or soil is loaded.
- the activated sludge method is preferred for the treatment of wastewater containing PVA resin generated by dissolving and removing PVA resin.
- wastewater containing PVA resin When the wastewater containing PVA resin is continuously treated with activated sludge, it decomposes in 2 days to 1 month.
- PVA resin has low combustion heat and a small load on the incinerator. Therefore, PVA resin may be incinerated after drying the PVA resin-containing wastewater.
- the melting point (Tm) of the PVA resin is preferably 160 to 250 ° C, more preferably 170 to 227 ° C force S. 175-224 ° C is more preferred 180-220 ° C is particularly preferred.
- Tm melting point
- the melting point is 160 ° C or higher, it is possible to avoid a decrease in strength of the fiber containing the PVA resin due to a decrease in crystallinity.
- the thermal stability of PVA resin is good, and the fiber forming property is good.
- the melt spinning temperature can be made sufficiently lower than the decomposition temperature of PVA, and ultrafine fiber-generating long fibers can be produced stably.
- the PVA resin can be obtained by saponifying a resin mainly having a bull ester unit.
- the bully compound monomers for forming the bull ester unit include formate, acetate, propionate, valerate, force laurate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, benzoate, and bivalin. Acid bulls, versatic acid bulls, and the like can be mentioned, and among these, acetic acid bule is preferable from the viewpoint of easily obtaining a PVA resin.
- the PVA resin may be a homo PVA or a modified PVA into which copolymer units are introduced, but it is preferable to use a modified PVA from the viewpoint of melt spinnability, water solubility, and fiber properties.
- the comonomer include ⁇ -olefins having 4 or less carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, and isobutene from the viewpoints of copolymerizability, melt spinnability, and water solubility of the fiber; and methyl vinyl ether, Vinyl ethers such as ethyl vinyl ether, ⁇ -propinole vinyl ether, isopropyl vinyl ether, and ⁇ -butyl vinyl ether are preferred.
- the copolymer unit content in the PVA resin is preferably 1 to 20 mol%, more preferably 4 to 15 mol%, and still more preferably 6 to 13 mol%.
- ethylene-modified PVA is particularly preferred because the fiber properties increase when the copolymer unit is ethylene.
- Ethylene unit content in the ethylene-modified PVA is preferably 4 to 15 Monore 0/0, the more favorable Mashiku 6: 13 a mol 0/0.
- the PVA resin is produced by a known method such as a bulk polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, or an emulsion polymerization method.
- a known method such as a bulk polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, or an emulsion polymerization method.
- bulk polymerization methods and solution polymerization methods in which polymerization is performed without solvent or in a solvent such as alcohol are usually employed.
- alcohol used as a solvent for solution polymerization include lower alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and propyl alcohol.
- a a'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethyl monovaleronitryl), benzoyl peroxide, n-pro
- Known initiators such as azo initiators such as pirperoxycarbonate or peroxide initiators are used.
- the polymerization temperature is not particularly limited, but a range of 0 ° C to 150 ° C is appropriate.
- the leather-like sheet of the present invention produces a fiber web composed of ultrafine fiber-generating fibers, entangles the fiber web into an entangled nonwoven fabric, and converts the ultrafine fiber-generated fibers into ultrafine fibers.
- a fiber web composed of ultrafine fiber-generating fibers, entangles the fiber web into an entangled nonwoven fabric, and converts the ultrafine fiber-generated fibers into ultrafine fibers.
- the fiber web can be produced by a known method, and in particular, the limited fiber is a long fiber web produced by a so-called spunbond method directly coupled to melt spinning. This is preferable from the viewpoints of good properties and low fiber removal.
- the long fiber is a fiber having a fiber length longer than a short fiber having a fiber length of usually about 10 to 50 mm, and is a fiber that is not intentionally cut like a short fiber.
- the fiber length of the long fiber before ultra-thinning is preferably 100 mm or more, and it can be manufactured technically, and fiber lengths of several meters, hundreds of meters, and several kilometers are also possible unless physically cut. included.
- a fiber web by the spunbond method for example, a PVA resin and a water-insoluble thermoplastic resin (polymer that forms ultrafine fibers) are melt-kneaded with separate extruders, and a molten resin stream is produced. Is guided to the spinning head through a composite nozzle and discharged from the nozzle hole. After the discharged composite long fiber is cooled by a cooling device, it is pulled by a high-speed air stream at a speed corresponding to a take-up speed of 1000 to 6000 m / min so as to achieve the desired fineness using a suction device such as an air jet nozzle. Shrink and deposit on a mobile collection surface.
- a long fiber web composed of ultrafine fiber-generating fibers can be obtained by partially pressing the accumulated long fibers as required.
- the basis weight of the fiber web is preferably in the range of 20 to 500 g / m 2 from the viewpoint of handleability.
- the mass ratio of the water-soluble thermoplastic resin to the water-insoluble thermoplastic resin in the ultrafine fiber-generating fiber is preferably in the range of 5Z95 to 50Z50. Within the above range, the cross-sectional formability of the ultrafine fiber-generating fiber is good, the processability is good because the water-soluble thermoplastic resin completely covers the ultrafine fiber, and the tension is also entangled with the ultrafine fiber. The form stability of the coalescence is good and the surface wear loss is reduced.
- the mass ratio is particularly preferably in the range of 10/90 to 40/60. Les.
- a silicone-based or mineral oil-based oil agent such as a needle breakage preventing oil agent, an antistatic oil agent, an entangling improvement oil agent to the fiber web obtained as described above
- a known method such as a needle punch.
- the entanglement process is performed to obtain an entangled nonwoven fabric.
- the fibers are entangled three-dimensionally to obtain an entangled nonwoven fabric with improved shape retention and less fiber removal.
- two or more fiber webs may be overlapped with a cloth wrapper or the like, an oil agent may be applied, and then entangled. In this way, unevenness in weight per unit area can be reduced.
- Overlay sheets and superposed webs basis weight is appropriately selected depending on the leather-like target thickness of the sheet or the like, the total basis weight in the range of 1 00 ⁇ 1000g / m 2 of superposed webs of handleability Surface power is preferable.
- Needle conditions such as the type and amount of oil used, the shape of the needle, the needle depth, the number of punches, and the like are preferably selected as appropriate so as to increase the delamination strength of the fiber-entangled sheet.
- the higher the barb number the more efficient the force needle breakage is selected in the range of 1 to 9 parbs.
- the needle depth can be set under the condition that the web penetrates to the web surface on which the perb is superimposed, and within the range where the pattern after needle punching does not appear strongly on the web surface.
- the number of needle punches increases and decreases depending on the shape of the needle, the type and amount of oil used, but 500 to 5000 punches / cm 2 is preferred.
- the entanglement process it is preferable to perform the entanglement process so that the basis weight after the entanglement process is 1.2 times or more of the mass ratio of the basis weight before the entanglement process. It is more preferable to improve shape retention, to reduce fiber omission, and to obtain a solid feeling like natural leather.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 4 times or less in order to avoid an increase in manufacturing cost due to a decrease in process passability and processing speed.
- the entanglement treatment is preferably performed so that the delamination strength of the resulting entangled nonwoven fabric is 2 kg / 2.5 cm or more.
- an ultrafine fiber entangled body having a good apparent density, a good shape retention and a small amount of fiber removal is more preferable.
- the delamination strength of an entangled nonwoven fabric is a measure of the degree of three-dimensional entanglement. If it is less than 2kg / 2.5cm, the entanglement is insufficient, the surface abrasion loss (Martindale method 50,000 times) is less than lOOmg and the delamination strength is 8kg / 2.5c An ultrafine fiber entanglement of m or more cannot be obtained.
- the upper limit of the delamination strength of the entangled nonwoven fabric is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 30 kg / 2.5 cm or less in consideration of the balance of needle punch processing efficiency and texture, especially the prevention of inconvenience such as needle breakage. .
- a knitted fabric (knitted fabric or woven fabric) is superimposed on the fiber web as necessary, and needle punching treatment and / or A entangled nonwoven fabric in which knitted fabrics are entangled and integrated by high-pressure water treatment, for example, a laminated structure such as knitted fabric Z-entangled nonwoven fabric, entangled nonwoven fabric / knitted fabric / entangled nonwoven fabric It may be.
- the knitted fabric preferably has a fiber having a single fiber fineness of 3.5 decistats or less, and particularly preferably improves the texture and appearance of the leather-like sheet, so that the average cross-sectional area is 0.:! To 30 ⁇ m 2.
- These filaments are composed of filaments capable of forming ultrafine fiber bundles having an average cross-sectional area of 0 to 400 ⁇ m 2 , such as multifilaments having a twist number of 10 to 2000 turns / m.
- the polymer forming the fibers constituting the knitted fabric is not particularly limited, but ester polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polyester elastomer; Polymers having fiber forming ability such as nylon 6, nylon 66, amide polymers such as aromatic polyamide and polyamide elastomer; urethane polymers, olefin polymers and acrylonitrile polymers are suitable.
- PET, PBT, nylon 6, nylon 66 and the like are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of texture and practical performance.
- the removable component is one or two of, for example, polystyrene and its copolymer, polyethylene, PVA, copolymerized polyester, copolymerized polyamide, etc.
- the above is preferable. It is more preferable to use hot melt and hot water soluble PVA in consideration of environmental pollution, shrinkage characteristics during dissolution and removal. Since large shrinkage occurs when the PVA is dissolved and removed, the leather-like sheet can be densified, and the aesthetics and texture of the leather-like sheet are very similar to natural leather.
- the entangled nonwoven fabric obtained by the entanglement treatment is shrunk and densified.
- the present invention by causing a very large shrinkage, the degree of entanglement of the ultrafine fibers in the ultrafine fiber entangled body is strengthened, the fiber loosening is reduced, and a leather-like sheet having a good suede appearance can be obtained.
- the shrinkage treatment is represented by the following formula:
- the area shrinkage ratio represented by X100 is 35. /. As described above, it is preferable to carry out until the basis weight after the shrinkage treatment becomes 1.2 times (mass ratio) of the basis weight before the shrinkage treatment. Considering the shrinkage limit and texture, the upper limit of the area shrinkage rate is preferably 80% or less, and the upper limit of the basis weight is preferably 4 times or less.
- a known method may be used. Examples thereof include a method of using a copolymerized thermoplastic polymer as a removable component constituting the ultrafine fiber generating fiber, and a method of appropriately selecting spinning conditions and stretching conditions. It is done. In particular, it is preferable to use a PVA resin as a removable component of the ultrafine fiber generating fiber and to use a long fiber web obtained by a spunbond method because high shrinkage is easily obtained.
- the shrinkage treatment can be performed by a known method.
- the shrinking treatment and the ultrafine fiberization treatment by dissolving and removing (extracting and removing) the PVA resin by hot water treatment can be performed simultaneously.
- the first stage it is preferably immersed in hot water at 65 to 90 ° C for 5 to 300 seconds, and then as the second stage, it is preferably treated in hot water at 85 to 100 ° C for 100 to 600 seconds.
- dissolution removal extraction removal
- heat treatment is preferably performed for 60 to 600 seconds in a steam atmosphere with a relative humidity of 75% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- the shrinkage treatment temperature is preferably 60 to 130 ° C because it is easy to control and the entangled nonwoven fabric can be shrunk at a high shrinkage rate.
- the fibers can be contracted at an area shrinkage ratio of 0 or more, and at the same time as or after contraction, the ultrafine fiber-generating fibers can be converted into ultrafine fibers having an average single fiber fineness of 0.0001 to 0.5 dtex.
- the above-described three-dimensional entanglement processing, shrinkage processing, and ultrafine processing are performed.
- Hitoshidan area of ultrafine single fibers 0.:! ⁇ 30 ⁇ ⁇ 2 include this 5 to 1000, the average cross section area consists microfine fiber bundles of 40 to 400 mu m 2, ultrafine fiber bundles thickness It is possible to obtain an ultrafine fiber entangled body existing in the range of 600 to 4000 / mm 2 in an arbitrary cross section parallel to the direction.
- the average cross-sectional area of the microfine fiber bundle is less than 40 mu m 2 frequently yarn breakage and sufficient entanglement to obtain flame to entangling treatment of fibers needle punching or the like to generate such microfine fiber bundle
- the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained.
- the average cross-sectional area of a single fiber exceeds 40 ⁇ m 2 or when the average cross-sectional area force of an ultrafine fiber bundle exceeds 3 ⁇ 400 ⁇ m 2 , the texture and elegance with a solid feeling like natural leather You can't get a good surface feeling.
- the ultrafine fiber entangled body of the present invention it is important that the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine single fiber, the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber bundle, and the existence density of the ultrafine fiber bundle are simultaneously satisfied.
- the average area of the ultrafine fibers, the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber bundles, and the existing density of the ultrafine fiber bundles can be confirmed with methods such as observing the cross section and surface of the leather-like sheet with a scanning electron microscope.
- the ultrafine fiber entangled body and the dyed ultrafine fiber entanglement have a Martindale surface wear reduction (wear number of 50,000 times) of lOOmg or less, a delamination strength of 8 to 30 kgZ2.5 cm, and a void filling rate, That is, [apparent specific gravity (gZcm 3 )] Z [density of thermoplastic polymer constituting ultrafine fiber (g / cm 3 )] force is preferably 0.25-0.60. With such physical properties, process passability in a dyeing process such as liquid flow dyeing is good.
- the ultrafine fiber entanglement after dyeing also has a Martindale surface wear loss of lOOmg or less, delamination debris of 8-30kg / 2.5cm, and void: filling ratio of 0.25 to 0.60. I can do that.
- the extraction treatment process for ultrafinening and the hot water treatment process for softening treatment are carried out without applying a polymer elastic body.
- the surface becomes rough, and the film is greatly stretched in the vertical direction to cause tears and wrinkles, resulting in poor processability. If the leather-like sheet is full, the surface quality will be reduced.
- the delamination strength is an indicator of the peel resistance of the ultrafine fiber entanglement itself, the degree of three-dimensional entanglement, and the lamination strength of the knitted fabric / fiber entanglement laminate.
- the void filling ratio is 0.60 or more, the texture tends to become hard.
- the breaking strength per 100 g / m 2 of the ultrafine fiber entangled body is 8 kg / cm 2 or more and the tear strength per lOOg / m 2 is 1. Okg or more.
- the thickness of the ultrafine fiber entangled body varies depending on the end use of the leather-like sheet, preferably 0.2 to 10 mm, and the basis weight is preferably 50 to 3500 gZm 2 .
- the ultra-fine fiber entangled body obtained in this way has good shape retention and little unplugged fibers without providing a polymer elastic body. Therefore, the surface fluffing treatment, softening treatment and dyeing treatment that have been carried out on conventional leather-like sheets can be carried out without applying a polymer elastic body.
- the surface fluffing is buffing using sandpaper or knitted cloth. It can be performed by a known method such as treatment.
- the ultrafine fiber entangled body without providing the polymer elastic body, and to apply the polymer elastic body after the dyeing. Since the polymer elastic body is not colored, it is possible to avoid color spots and surface non-uniformity caused by the difference in dye exhaustion between the fiber and the polymer elastic body, thereby improving the quality stability. In addition, when used for suede-like artificial leather, various fastnesses such as wet friction fastness are improved. Therefore, it is preferable that the ultrafine fibers constituting the leather-like sheet of the present invention are dyed and the polymer elastic body is not substantially dyed or not dyed.
- the ultrafine fiber entanglement is applied before the polymer elastic body is applied. It is preferable to dye and then apply a polymer elastic body.
- the dye may be appropriately selected from known dyes such as disperse dyes, acid dyes, and metal-containing dyes according to the dyeability of the ultrafine fiber entanglement.
- An antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a fluorescent agent, an antifungal agent, a foaming agent, a water-soluble polymer compound such as polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the like are appropriately added.
- a water-dispersible high-molecular elastic body for example, a hydrogen-bonded polymer has generally been applied before the entangled nonwoven fabric made of ultrafine fiber-generating fibers is made ultrafine.
- a hydrogen-bonded polymer is a polymer crystallized or agglomerated by hydrogen bonding, such as a polyurethane elastic body, polyamide-based elastic body, or polybulualcohol-based elastic body. It is known to be useful for improving the shape retention of synthetic nonwoven fabrics and reducing fiber slippage.
- the ultra-fine fiber bundle is parallel to the thickness direction.
- the elastic fiber of the present invention which has a high density of 600-4000 pieces / mm 2 , is polyurethane elastic. When impregnated with a water-dispersible polymer elastic body such as a body, the ultrafine fiber bundles and the ultrafine fibers are firmly bonded, constrained or integrated, and the fineness substantially exceeds 0.5 dtex.
- the flexibility of the leather-like sheet is lowered, and for example, the suede-like appearance and surface touch of the obtained suede-like artificial leather are remarkably impaired.
- the finer the average fineness the easier the ultrafine fibers are constrained and integrated by applying the polymer elastic body.
- the ultra fine fibers in the fiber bundle are easily constrained and integrated by applying a polymer elastic body.
- the water-dispersed polymer elastic body restrains and integrates the ultrafine fibers more easily than the solvent-soluble high molecular elastic body, and the polyurethane elastic body particularly binds and integrates the ultrafine fibers among the high molecular elastic bodies.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) is less than 5 ° C
- the soft component is 80 to 98% by mass
- the crosslinkable component is:! To 20% by mass
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) is 50.
- the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is a non-hydrogen-bonded polymer elastic body, has a relatively low adhesion to fibers and is very flexible and highly deformable.
- the ultrafine fiber entangled body of the present invention has a force that is not obtained with a non-woven fabric that is not impregnated with a conventional polymer elastic body, even if the polymer elastic body is not applied, and a feeling of fullness that is as high as a nap. have. Therefore, even if the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is impregnated inside or between the ultrafine fiber bundles, the sense of fulfillment can be improved without impairing the flexibility.
- a polymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer has extremely low strength properties compared to a hydrogen bonding polymer such as polyurethane. Therefore, the fiber entanglement obtained by impregnating the polymer has low mechanical properties. It has been known in the past that it is easy to miss out. Pole used in the present invention The fine fiber entangled body contains a large number of fine fiber bundles at a high density, and has high shape retention and low fiber removal. Therefore, even when impregnated with a polymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, the above-mentioned problems occur. There is nothing.
- the average cross-sectional area force S40 ⁇ 400 consists microfine fiber bundles zm 2, parallel optional and thickness direction ultrafine fiber bundles
- the ultrafine fiber entanglement present in the range of 600-4000 pieces / mm 2 preferably, the surface wear loss (Martindale method 50,000 times) is lOOmg or less, and the delamination strength is 8kg / 2. It is possible to use a polymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer by using an ultrafine fiber entanglement of 5 cm or more and a void filling factor of 0.25-0.60.
- the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer has a low hot water resistance and a large hot water swelling property.
- the hydrothermal ultrafine treatment or dyeing treatment is performed after the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is applied to the entangled nonwoven fabric, the polymer may swell greatly and the polymer may fall off or lose its shape retention. Problems arise.
- the hydrothermal ultrafine treatment and the dyeing treatment cannot be effectively performed without causing any inconvenience, and the mechanical properties of the obtained leather-like sheet are insufficient.
- the entangled nonwoven fabric without applying the polymer elastic body can be subjected to hydrothermal ultrafine treatment, the resulting ultrafine fiber entanglement can be dyed, and then the polymer elastic body can be provided.
- the above-mentioned problem due to the low hot water resistance of the polymer of the unsaturated unsaturated monomer can be avoided.
- the polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomers used in the present invention includes a soft component, a crosslinkable component, and an optional component consisting of a hard component and other components.
- Soft component means that the homopolymer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than -5 ° C, preferably more than 90 ° C and less than 5 ° C, more preferably more than _70 ° C and more than 15 ° C. It is a component that is less than and preferably non-crosslinkable (does not form crosslinks).
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the hard component is a mud whose glass transition temperature (Tg) of the homopolymer exceeds 50 ° C, preferably more than 50 ° C and not more than 250 ° C, and is non-crosslinkable (does not form crosslinks) ) It is preferable. If the hard component has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 50 ° C or less, or if it does not contain a crosslinkable component, the polymer will be very sticky, so the ultrafine fibers and fiber bundles will be constrained and integrated, and leather The flexibility of the sheet and the surface napping of the suede-like artificial leather deteriorate. In addition, when water, solvent or sweat adheres, the polymer elastic body may swell greatly, resulting in practical problems.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the content of the soft component in the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is 80 to 98% by mass
- the content of the crosslinkable component is:! To 20% by mass
- the content of the hard component is 0 to:
- the content ratio of 19% by mass and other components not belonging to any of the above components is 0 to 19% by mass.
- a polymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a soft component of 85 to 96% by mass, a crosslinkable component of:! To 10% by mass, and a hard component of 3 to 15% by mass is preferable.
- the texture of the leather-like sheet is firm. There is a tendency to become brittle.
- the content ratio of the soft component exceeds 98% by mass, or when the content ratio of the crosslinkable component is less than 1% by mass, the adhesiveness of the polymer increases, and the ultrafine fibers are restrained. As a result, the flexibility of the leather-like sheet obtained and the surface raising of the suede-like artificial leather deteriorate. Further, when water, a solvent or sweat adheres, the polymer may swell greatly, which may cause a practical problem.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer can be determined by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) or TMA (thermomechanical measurement) of the polymer having the same composition. (1):
- Tg is the glass transition temperature of the polymer
- w to w are the respective monomer components l to i of the polymer
- Tg ⁇ Tg is the glass transition temperature of each polymer component:! ⁇ I homopolymer
- the glass transition temperature (Tg to Tg) of the homopolymer of each monomer component l to i can be found in “Polymer Data Handbook (Basic)” published by Bakufukan Co., Ltd.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of a typical homopolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer is as follows: methyl acrylate: 8 ° C, ethyl acrylate: 22 ° C, isopropyl acrylate: 5 ° C, N-Butyl acrylate: -54 ° C, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate: -70 ° C, methylol methacrylate: 105.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- solubility parameter (SP value) of the hard component and the content (113% by mass) of the hard component are expressed by the following formula:
- solubility parameter (SP value) is expressed by the following formula:
- Fluoro rubber 14.9 [j / cm 3 ] 1/2
- Silicone rubber 14.9 ⁇ : 15.5 [j / cm 3 ] 1/2
- Polypropylene 15.6 to: 17.0 [j / cm 3 ] 1/2
- BR butadiene rubber
- SBR Styrene monobutadiene rubber
- Nylon 12 19 ⁇ 0 [j / cm 3 ] 1/2 ,
- Polyurethane 20-22 [j / cm 3 ] 1/2 (26-28 [j / cm 3 ] 1/2 for hard component only), Polyethylene terephthalate: 21.9 [J / cm 3 ] 172 ,
- the SP value is generally used as a measure representing the solubility of polymers, the adhesion between polymers, and the cohesion between molecules.
- (SP value) 01 ⁇ 2% by mass) is 4 ⁇ 0 [J / cm 3 ] 17 2 or less, it is possible to prevent strong adhesion and restraint between ultrafine fibers, and a leather-like sheet having excellent flexibility, In addition, it is easy to obtain suede-like artificial leather with excellent napping properties and high-class feel.
- There is no particular limitation on the range of SP value but it is 14 to 26 [J / cm 3 ] 1/2 .
- (SP value) X (HS mass 0/0) is more preferably 0 ⁇ 5 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 0 [j / cm 3] 1/2, preferably in the al 0 ⁇ 5 ⁇ 3. 0 [J / cm 3 ] 1/2 .
- the monomer that forms the soft component and the hard component is selected according to the glass transition temperature (Tg).
- Tg glass transition temperature
- examples of the monomer that forms the soft component include ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n_hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl (meth) acrylate, (Meth) acrylic acid derivatives such as (meth) acrylic acid lauryl, (meth) acrylic acid stearyl, cyclohexyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, acrylic acid 2-hydroxide, and 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate. 1 type or 2 types or more can be used among these.
- Monomers that form the hard component include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and meta.
- (Meth) acrylic acid such as isopropyl acrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, (meth) acrylic acid, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, jetylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate Derivatives; styrene, ⁇ ?
- Aromatic vinyl compounds such as methylstyrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene; Acrylamides such as (meth) acrylamide and diacetone (meth) acrylamide; Maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid and their derivatives; Heterocyclic butyl compounds; butyl chloride, atari mouth butyl compounds such as nitrile, butyl ether, vinyl ketone, and buramide; ethylene, propylene, etc. And the like, and one or more of them can be used.
- glass transition temperature (Tg) may vary somewhat depending on the structure and molecular weight of the resin end.
- (meth) such as methyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and jetylaminoethyl methacrylate
- (meth) such as methyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and jetylaminoethyl methacrylate
- An acrylic acid derivative is mentioned.
- the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer preferably has a crosslinked structure. Since the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer is a non-hydrogen bonding polymer, the polymer is less water-soluble when it does not have a crosslinked structure that is weaker than the hydrogen bonding polymer such as a polyurethane elastic body. When the solvent or sweat adheres, it swells greatly, which may cause practical problems. Having a crosslinked structure can be confirmed by measuring the storage elastic modulus as described later.
- the crosslinkable component is a polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit capable of forming a crosslinked structure, or a monofunctional or polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having a reactive group capable of forming a crosslinked structure. And a compound (crosslinking agent) that can react with a polymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer to form a bridge structure.
- the content of the cross-linking component is:! -20 mass%, preferably:!-10 mass%. If it exceeds 20% by mass, the storage elastic modulus and loss elastic modulus will be high, the texture may become stiff, and the surface wear resistance and flex resistance may decrease.
- the amount is less than 1% by mass, the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer becomes more sticky, the ultrafine fibers are constrained and integrated, and the resulting leather-like sheet has flexibility and suede. Surface raised properties of the artificial leather are deteriorated. In addition, when water, solvent or sweat adheres, it swells greatly, which may cause practical problems.
- the log logarithmic value of the storage elastic modulus at 150 ° C is 4.0 or more, and the log logarithm of the loss elasticity at 150 ° C is 3.0 to 6. It is preferable to do.
- Examples of the polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomer include ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4_butanediol di (Meth) acrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1, 9-nonanediol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, dimethylol tricyclodecanedi ( Di (meth) acrylates such as (meth) acrylate and glycerin di (meth) acrylate; Tri (meth) acrylates such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate and pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate; Penta erythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, etc.
- La (meth) atarylates polyfunctional aromatic bur compounds such as dibulene benzene and tribulene benzene; (meth) acrylic acid unsaturated esters such as arolinole (meth) acrylate and vinyl (meth) acrylate; 2 —Hydroxy compounds, pentaerythritol tritalylate and hexamethylene diisocyanate 2: 1 addition reaction, glycerin dimetatalylate and tolylene diisocyanate 2: 1 addition reaction product, etc. molecular weight 1500 The following urethane acrylates and the like can be mentioned, and one or more of these can be used.
- the monofunctional or polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a reactive group capable of forming a crosslinked structure is not particularly limited as long as it has a functional group capable of reacting with a crosslinking agent.
- the cross-linking agent is a water-soluble or water-dispersible compound containing in the molecule two or more functional groups capable of reacting with functional groups of monomer units constituting the polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
- the combination of the functional group of the monomer unit and the functional group of the cross-linking agent includes carboxy group and oxazoline group, carboxyl group and carbodiimide group, carboxyl group and epoxy group, carboxyl group and cyclocarbonate group, carboxyl group and aziridine group. And force sulfonyl groups and hydrazine derivatives, hydrazide derivatives, and the like.
- the polymer elastic body that does not contain or generate a small amount of formalin has excellent pot life, is easy to form a cross-link, and has a good texture and physical properties of the leather-like sheet that can be obtained.
- Combinations of monomer units and hydrazine derivatives or hydrazide derivatives are particularly preferred. It may also be a self-crosslinking water-soluble or water-dispersible compound that does not react with the functional group of the monomer unit. Specifically, polyisocyanate compounds, polyfunctional block isocyanate compounds, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the crosslinked structure is preferably formed in the heat treatment step after applying the polymer elastic body to the ultrafine fiber entangled body in view of the stability of the liquid containing the polymer elastic body and the improvement effect by the crosslinked structure. .
- an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a hindered amino group and / or an ultraviolet absorbing group having a light stabilizing effect may be copolymerized as the other component. Good.
- Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer include 4 (meth) attayloxy _ 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4 _ (meth) atta yloxy _ 1, 2, 2, 6, 6 _pentamethyl Hindered amino such as piperidine, 4_ (meth) ataryloylamino-1,2,2,6,6-tetramethinorepiperidine, 4_ (meth) atari oral inoleamino-1,2,2,6,6_pentamethylpiperidine Ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a group; 2_ “2 '—hydroxy 1 5 ′?
- (Meth) attayllooxyschetilphenyl” 1 2H-benzotriazole, 2-hydroxy-4_ (meth) attaroyloxy Benzotriazole groups such as benzophenone and 2-hydroxy-4- (meth) attayllooxychetylbenzophenone or Mention may be made of ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a nzophenone group.
- the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer composed of the above components is preferably crystallized or aggregated by hydrogen bonding, and is preferably a non-hydrogen bonding polymer.
- the non-hydrogen bonding polymer may contain a hard component capable of partially forming a hydrogen bond as long as it is not crystallized or aggregated by hydrogen bonding.
- Non-hydrogen bonding polymers include the following crystalline polymers and their copolymers: (meth) acrylic acid derivative polymers, (meth) acrylic acid derivatives—styrene elastic bodies, (meth) acrylic acid derivatives—acrylonitrile elastic bodies , (Meth) acrylic acid derivative-olefin elastic body, (meth) acrylic acid derivative one (hydrogenated) isoprene elastic body, (meth) acrylic acid derivative-butadiene elastic body, styrene-butadiene elastic body, styrene monohydrogenated isoprene Elastic body, Acrylonitrile monobutadiene elastic body, Atalonitrile monobutadiene monostyrene elastic body, Butyl acetate derivative polymer, (Meth) Atallic acid derivative monoacetic acid butyl elastic body, Ethylene monoacetic acid butyl elastic body, Ethylene-olefin elastic body, Crosslinked structure Silicone elastic body such as silicone rubber, fluorine rubber Or
- the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably a polymer of a (meth) acrylic acid derivative, 80 to 98% by mass of an acrylic acid derivative unit (soft component), a methacrylic acid derivative unit and / Or 0 to 19% by mass of acrylonitrile derivative unit (hard component),: to 20% by mass of crosslinkable component, and 0 to 19% by mass of other ethylenically unsaturated monomer units (other components) ( More preferred is a (meth) acrylic acid derivative polymer.
- the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably water-dispersible or water-soluble, and water-dispersible because it has good water resistance. It is more preferable. A known method can be used to make it water-dispersible or water-soluble.
- ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a hydrophilic group such as a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group or a hydroxyl group
- examples thereof include a method of adding a surfactant to a polymer elastic body containing a polymer.
- a surfactant containing an ethylenically unsaturated group a so-called reactive surfactant may be used.
- examples of surfactants include sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, and polyoxyethylene tridecyl.
- Anionic surfactants such as sodium ether acetate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium alkyl diphenyl ether disulfate, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, Nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene monopolyoxypropylene block copolymer, and the like. Further, it is possible to make the gel sensitive to heat by appropriately selecting the cloud point of the surfactant. In the case of water dispersion, the average particle size of the dispersed particles is
- F is preferably from 0.01 to l z m, more preferably from f 0.03 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the log logarithmic value (S m) of the storage elastic modulus at 50 ° C of the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably 4.0 to 6.5 Pa, and 4.5 to 6. OPa More preferred. When the Sm force exceeds 5 Pa, the texture becomes stiff. In general, the modulus at 100% elongation is often used as an indicator of the flexibility of polymer elastic bodies. However, the polymer elastic body existing inside the ultrafine fiber entanglement rarely stretches by 100%, and the rigidity and elastic modulus at micro deformation are suitable as an index of the flexibility of the leather-like sheet. Storage elastic modulus around room temperature (25 ° C) to 60 ° C, especially around 50 ° C is the most appropriate index.
- the storage elastic modulus at 50 ° C was determined by applying a viscoelasticity measuring device (FT Leos manufactured by Leoguchi Di Co., Ltd.) to a film with a thickness of about 300 ⁇ m obtained by drying a polymer elastic body and heat-treating at about 140 ° C. It can be obtained by measuring with a spectrum “DVE-V4”) at a frequency of 11 ⁇ , a tensile mode, and a heating rate of 3 ° C / min.
- FT Leos manufactured by Leoguchi Di Co., Ltd. FT Leos manufactured by Leoguchi Di Co., Ltd.
- the logarithmic value (Le) of the loss elastic modulus at 50 ° C of the polymer of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably 3.0 to 6. OPa. 4.0 to 5.5 Pa is preferable. More preferred.
- the loss elastic modulus is a measure mainly of the viscosity and plastic deformation of a polymer. If the loss elastic modulus is high, it becomes plastically deformed. If Le exceeds 6. OPa, deformation of the polymer elastic body hardly occurs when the leather-like sheet is gripped, and the texture becomes stiff. Also, since the polymer elastic body is brittle, it has poor surface wear characteristics that are easy to fall off. When Le is in the range of 3.0 to 6.
- the elastic polymer is easily plastically deformed (shows stretchability) and does not fall off due to heat, pressure or mechanical stress.
- the loss elastic modulus at 50 ° C is the same as the storage elastic modulus measurement.
- a film with a thickness of about 300 ⁇ m obtained by drying the polymer elastic body and heat-treating at about 140 ° C is used as a viscoelasticity measuring device. (Leo FT Rheospectra “DVE-V4” manufactured by Kuchiji Co., Ltd. is used to measure at a frequency of 11 ⁇ , tensile mode, and heating rate of 3 ° C / min.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably 0 ° C. or lower.
- the polymer elastic body used in the present invention contains 30 to 100% by mass of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer.
- the many components include the following polyurethane resins.
- the polyurethane resin By using the polyurethane resin in combination, it is possible to adjust the adhesiveness of the polymer elastic body and the ultrafine fiber converging property, that is, the flexibility of the leather-like sheet, the napping property of the suede-like artificial leather, and the process passability.
- the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer and the polyurethane resin may be mixed and applied to the ultrafine fiber entangled body, or may be applied separately.
- a crosslinking agent that reacts with both the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer and the polyurethane resin may be used in combination.
- the adhesion and film-forming properties of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer and the polyurethane resin are improved, and the quality of the resulting leather-like sheet is stabilized.
- the amount of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer is less than 30% by mass, the fine fibers are converged and integrated by the polymer elastic body, so the texture of the leather-like sheet becomes hard and the suede-like artificial leather The napping properties deteriorate, and the durability and wear resistance also deteriorate.
- polyurethane resin a known polyurethane can be used.
- a polyurethane resin obtained using a high molecular polyol, an organic polyisocyanate, and a chain extender as main raw materials can be used. .
- the polymer polyol is selected from known polymer polyols according to the application and required performance.
- polyether polyols such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, poly (methyltetramethylene glycol), etc.
- polys and their copolymers polybutylene adipate diol, polybutylene sebacate diol, polyhexamethylene adipate diol, poly (3-methyl-1,5-pentylene adipate) diol, poly (3-methyl 1,5_pentylene sebacate) polyols such as diol and polylactononediol and their copolymers; polyhexamethy Polycarbonate polyols such as lencarbonate carbonate diol, poly (3-methyl-1,5-pentylene carbonate) diol, polypentamethylene carbonate diol, polytetramethylene carbonate diol and copolymers thereof; polyester carbonate polyol Of these, one or more of these can be used.
- the light-fastness and heat-fastness of the leather-like sheet obtained are excellent in durability such as N0x yellowing resistance, sweat resistance, hydrolysis resistance, etc., so amorphous polycarbonate-based polyol
- a polymer polyol in which two or more kinds of polyether polyol, polyester polyol, polycarbonate polyol and the like are used in combination.
- a known diisocyanate compound may be selected according to the use and required performance.
- a non-yellowing type diisocyanate composed of an aliphatic or alicyclic diisocyanate having no aromatic ring, such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, norbornene diisocyanate, 4, 4′— Dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and the like
- known aromatic ring diisocyanates used as diisocyanate components such as polyurethane, such as 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 4, Examples thereof include 4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and xylylene diisocyanate.
- it is preferable to use a non-yellowing diisocyanate because yellowing due to light or heat hardly occurs.
- a chain extender used in the production of a known urethane resin may be selected according to the use and required performance.
- hydrazine, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, hexamethyi may be used.
- Diamines such as rangenamine, nonamethylenediamine, xylylenediamine, isophoronediamine, piperazine and its derivatives, adipic acid dihydrazide, isophthalic acid dihydrazide; triamines such as diethylenetriamine; triethylenetetramine Tetramines such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4_butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-bis (j3-hydroxyethoxy) benzene, 1,4-cyclohexanediol and other diols ; Triols such as trimethylolpropane; Pentaeri Examples include pentaols such as sitolol; amino alcohols such as aminoethyl alcohol and aminopropyl alcohol, and one or more of these can be used.
- the film-forming property is good, and the polymer is formed by a short heat treatment after impregnation. Since the solidification of the elastic body is completed, it is preferable to use 2 to 4 types of triamines such as hydrazine, piperazine, hexamethylenediamine, isophoronediamine and derivatives thereof, and ethylenetriamine. In particular, it is preferable to use a chain extender having an antioxidant effect such as hydrazine and its derivatives since durability is improved.
- monoamines such as ethylamine, propylamine, and ptylamine
- carboxyl-containing monoamine compounds such as 4-aminobutanoic acid and 6-aminohexanoic acid
- methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol Monools such as may be used in combination.
- an ionic group such as a carboxyl group may be introduced into the skeleton of the polyurethane resin in order to impart water-dispersed particle size and various performances.
- the method is not particularly limited, but 2, 2_bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid, 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butanoic acid, 2,2_bis (hydroxymethyl) It is preferable to use a diol containing a carboxyl group such as valeric acid.
- the polymer elastic body used in the present invention includes a penetrant, an antifoaming agent, a lubricant, a water repellent, an oil repellent, a thickener, and a bulking agent as long as the properties of the obtained leather-like sheet are not impaired. Further, a hardening accelerator, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a fluorescent agent, an antifungal agent, a foaming agent, a water-soluble polymer compound such as polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose, a dye, a pigment, and the like may be added as appropriate.
- the step of applying the polymer elastic body to the ultrafine fiber entangled body it is possible to apply a force using a known method.
- the polymer elastic body may be uniformly impregnated inside the ultra-thin fiber entangled body or may be migrated to the surface or coated on one side to give a density gradient of the polymer elastic body in the thickness direction.
- Good. Drying is performed by a method of heat treatment in a drying apparatus at 50 to 200 ° C., 70 to: hot water treatment at 100 ° C. or steam treatment at 70 to 200 ° C. and then drying.
- the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer is substantially fixed to the ultrafine fibers inside the ultrafine fiber bundle.
- the form retention is further improved, and the fiber is more easily removed, and the surface wear resistance is improved.
- the structure of the leather-like sheet is the same as that of natural leather. It closely resembles a microfibril structure and has an excellent sense of fulfillment.
- each ultrafine fiber bundle always has a portion where the polymer elastic body and the ultrafine fiber are bonded.
- the polymer elastic body may be partially bonded to the ultrafine fiber, and a space may be partially formed between the polymer elastic body and the ultrafine fiber. If the polymer elastic body is not fixed to the ultrafine fibers in the ultrafine fiber bundle, the fibers tend to come off easily, and the surface wear tends to decrease or the sense of fulfillment tends to decrease.
- the polymer elastic body it is also preferable to prevent or control the migration of the polymer elastic body for the purpose of making the polymer elastic body adhere to the ultrafine fibers uniformly.
- an associative heat-sensitive gelling agent such as an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt, a nonionic emulsifier, an associative water-soluble thickener, a water-soluble silicone compound, or a water-soluble polyurethane compound.
- the water dispersion stability at about 40 to 100 ° C. can be reduced.
- the polymer elastic body preferably contains a nonionic emulsifier and / or an associative water-soluble thickener. If necessary, the polymer elastic body may be migrated so that it is unevenly distributed on the surface.
- the polymer elastic body is preferably applied so that the mass ratio of the ultrafine fiber entangled body to the polymer elastic body is 100: 0 to 70:30. Within this range, the leather-like sheet has good flexibility, fullness, surface feel, and surface properties. Since the ultrafine fiber entangled body of the present invention has a very good shape retention, it can be used as a base for artificial leather without providing a polymer elastic body. When the applied amount of the polymer elastic body exceeds 30% by mass, it is difficult to obtain a soft texture like natural leather, and the suede-like artificial leather has a poor nap feeling.
- the mass ratio between the fiber entangled body and the polymer elastic body is more preferably 99.5: 0.5 to 80:20 from the viewpoint of excellent shape retention and the effect of preventing the fiber from coming off.
- the apparent density of the leather-like sheet is in the range of 0.35 to 0.8 g / cm 3 , which is preferable in terms of excellent suede-like artificial leather's napping feeling, lighting effect and fluff density. 0 to 0. More preferably records the range of 7g / cm 3,.
- the leather-like sheet may be made to have a desired thickness by pressurization'heating treatment or division treatment.
- at least one surface is brushed with sandpaper or a cloth by a known method, and the surface is a suede-like artificial fabric having napped fibers mainly composed of ultrafine fibers. It may be leather.
- finishing treatment such as sag softening treatment, reverse seal brushing, and glazing treatment such as friction melting may be performed. It is also preferable to improve the denseness and smoothness of surface napping by hot pressing or embossing.
- a nubuck-like leather can be obtained by adjusting the length of the raised fiber to be shorter than the suede-like artificial leather.
- the surface layer portion is made dense by pressurizing and heat-treating a leather-like sheet without separately applying a resin to the surface layer.
- a density gradient structure like natural leather.
- the density gradient structure the density of the ultrafine fiber bundles in the surface layer within a thickness 0. 2 mm from the surface is 1 000 to 5000 pieces / mm 2, and the thickness from the microfine fiber bundles exist density and the surface of the surface layer It is preferable to satisfy that the ratio (existence density of the surface layer / existence density of the lower layer) to the existence density of the ultrafine fiber bundle in the lower layer of 0.2 mm or more is 1.3 to 5.0.
- the existence density of the ultrafine fiber bundle is the number of ultrafine fiber bundles present per arbitrary cross section lmm 2 parallel to the thickness direction of the fiber entanglement. 5. If it exceeds 0, the texture may feel hard. The ratio is more preferably 2.0 to 3.0, since the surface smoothness and solidity are good. If the density of the ultrafine fiber bundles in the surface layer is less than 1000 / mm 2 , the surface density tends to be inferior, and if it exceeds 5000 / mm 2 , the ultrafine fiber bundles tend to converge and integrate.
- the surface is smoothened by pressurizing and heat-treating a leather-like sheet without separately applying a resin to the surface layer.
- the surface is mainly formed from a dense layer in which ultrafine fibers and a polymer elastic body are combined and integrated, and the fine pores having an average pore diameter of 50 zm or less are formed at 20 holes / cm 2 or more. It is possible to obtain a silver-finished leather with a (silver surface portion, silver surface layer), semi-silver-tone artificial leather, or short-haired nubuck-like artificial leather.
- the artificial leather of the present invention having such a structure has a texture that is very similar to that of natural leather, which is not found in conventional artificial leathers, has a full surface, and has excellent breathability and moisture permeability.
- the ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymer in the polymer elastic body is less than 30% by mass, it is difficult to deform even under pressure and heat treatment, so it is difficult to densify the surface and the pore diameter is large. Therefore, if the surface is dense, smoothness, luxury, and fulfillment will deteriorate. If the average cross-sectional area of the monofilament is less than 0.
- 1 mu m 2 is there may be insufficient coloring property, when it exceeds 30 mu m 2, the smoothness is poor or the surface, that the pore diameter increases is there.
- the average pore diameter exceeds 50 xm, the surface smoothness and high-grade feeling tend to be inferior, and water may easily permeate, which may cause a practical problem.
- the number of fine pores is less than 20 / cm 2 , the air permeability and moisture permeability deteriorate.
- the average cross-sectional area of a single fiber is 0.5 to 20 xm 2 , 100 to 100% by mass of a tyrene-unsaturated monomer polymer in a polymer elastic body, and 100 fine pores having an average pore diameter of 30 ⁇ m or less Silver-coated artificial leather having a surface layer in which Zcm 2 or more is formed, and has a surface layer in which a polymer elastic body is composite-integrated with ultrafine fibers without forming a continuous layer is particularly preferable.
- a skin layer is formed on the surface of the leather-like sheet or suede-like artificial leather by a known method, and coloring, embossing, and softening Silver-finished or semi-silver-finished artificial leather can also be obtained by performing known finishing treatments such as treatment and softening treatment under moisture.
- the leather-like sheet of the present invention is used as an upper layer, and a knitted fabric or a woven fabric is laminated as a lower layer, or the suede-like artificial leather of the present invention is used as an upper layer, and the suede-like artificial sheet is used.
- a layer made of fibers different from the fibers constituting the leather may be bonded to the lower layer.
- the cross section of the leather-like sheet dyed with osmium oxide was observed at 10 or more locations with a scanning electron microscope (magnification 50 0 2000 times) to evaluate the adhering state of the polymer elastic body to the ultrafine fiber bundle and the ultrafine fiber.
- the surface of the leather-like sheet dyed with osmium oxide is observed with a scanning electron microscope (200 to 1000 times) so that the total area is 0.5 mm 2 or more.
- the hole diameter and the number of holes per lmm 2 are measured. Asked. Observe at least 10 locations so that there is no bias, and calculate the average value.
- the resin was heated in nitrogen to 300 ° C at a heating rate of 10 ° C / min, cooled to room temperature, and then heated again to 10 ° C /
- the peak top temperature of the endothermic peak obtained when the temperature was raised to 300 ° C in minutes was determined.
- the weight loss was measured after 50,000 wears with a pressing load of 12 kPa (gf / cm 2 ).
- JIS L0801 it was measured in a wet state and evaluated by class judgment.
- a 5cm cut was made in the center of the short side of the 10cm long and 4cm wide specimen at right angles to the short side. Each section was sandwiched between chucks and torn at a speed of lOcmZmin with a tensile tester. The maximum tear load was determined and divided by the basis weight of the test piece. The value obtained by converting the obtained value into the basis weight of lOOgZm 2 was defined as the tear strength. Expressed as the average of three specimens.
- the air flow rate (cc / (cm 2 'sec)) was determined by using a fragile type tester according to JIS L1096 -8. 27. 1A method.
- a 100-liter pressurized reaction tank equipped with a stirrer, nitrogen inlet, ethylene inlet and initiator addition port was charged with acetic acid bur 29. Okg and methanol 31. Okg, heated to 60 ° C and nitrogen publishing for 30 minutes Then, the system was purged with nitrogen. Next, ethylene was introduced so that the reactor pressure was 5.9 kgf / cm 2 . 2,2'-azobis (4-methoxy-1,2,4-dimethylvaleronitryl) (initiator) was dissolved in methanol to prepare an initiator solution with a concentration of 2.8 g / L. Then, nitrogen substitution was performed by publishing with nitrogen gas.
- Saponification was carried out by adding 46.5 g of a 10% methanol solution of NaOH to 200 g of a 50% methanol solution of modified PVAc prepared by adding methanol to the solution (to 1 mol of bull acetate unit of modified PVAc). (0.10 mole NaOH).
- the system gelled about 2 minutes after NaOH addition.
- the gelled product was pulverized with a pulverizer and allowed to stand at 60 ° C. for 1 hour to further promote saponification, and then 1000 g of methyl acetate was added to neutralize the remaining NaOH. After confirming neutralization with a phenolphthalein indicator, a white solid was obtained by filtration. 1000g of methanol was added to the white solid and washed at room temperature for 3 hours.
- modified PVA ethylene-modified polyvinyl alcohol
- the degree of saponification of the obtained modified PVA was 98.4 mol%.
- a sample obtained by dissolving in acid was analyzed by an atomic absorption photometer. The content of sodium was 0.03 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the modified PVA.
- the saponified product was extracted with methanol Soxhlet for 3 days, and the extract was dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C for 3 days to obtain purified modified PVA.
- the average degree of polymerization of the purified modified PVA was measured according to JIS K6726 and found to be 330.
- Purified modified PVA was analyzed by 5000MHz proton NMR (JE0L GX-500). The amount of 1,2-glycol bonds was 1.50 mol% and the content of 3-chain hydroxyl groups was 83. %Met.
- a cast film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m was prepared from a 5% aqueous solution of purified modified PVA. The film was dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. for 1 day, and the melting point was measured by the above-mentioned method. As a result, it was 206 ° C.
- the modified PVA water-soluble thermoplastic polyvinyl alcohol resin: sea component
- isophthalic acid-modified polyethylene terephthalate island component
- the sea component / island component is 20Z80 (mass ratio)
- Spinning speed is adjusted Ejiwekuta first pressure so that 4000 m / min, a long fiber having an average fineness of 2.0 dtex was collected on a net, to obtain a Supanbon Doshito having a basis weight of 30 g / m 2 (long fiber web) .
- This long fiber entangled nonwoven fabric was immersed in hot water at 70 ° C for 90 seconds to cause area shrinkage due to stress relaxation of the island components, and then immersed in hot water at 95 ° C for 10 minutes to modify PVA.
- the area shrinkage measured after drying was 45%
- the basis weight was 820 g / m 2
- the apparent density was 0.53 g / cm 3 .
- Martindale wear loss is 30 mg
- delamination strength is 13 kg / 2.5 cm
- tear strength per 100 g / m 2 is 1.2 kg
- the average fiber fineness of ultrafine fibers is 0.1 decitex.
- the physical properties could withstand the process.
- the ultrafine fiber entangled body was dyed gray with 8% owf disperse dye, and then raised by buffing. Background-and fraying of the fibers during dyeing, process passing property and not missing etc. fibers during Pafuingu is good, thickness 1. 2 mm, basis weight 625GZm 2, the apparent density was 0. 42g / cm 3 .
- the average cross-sectional area of the fiber is 7 ⁇
- the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber bundle was 170 ⁇
- the average density of the ultrafine fiber bundle was 1000 / mm 2 .
- Martindale abrasion loss is 50mg
- delamination strength is 13 kg / 2. 5 cm
- the surface was fluffed by buffing, washed with water, and sealed to obtain a suede-like artificial leather with natural leather-like fullness and elegant fuzzing.
- the ultrathin fibers of the obtained suede-like artificial leather were dyed.
- the polymer elastic body was not substantially dyed.
- the elastic polymer was fixed inside and near the outer periphery of the ultrafine fiber bundle.
- the average cross-sectional area of single fibers is 7 ⁇ 2
- the average cross-sectional area of fiber bundles is 150 ⁇
- the average density of fiber bundles is 1000 Zmm 2 .
- the weight loss on the surface was 20 mg
- the fastness to wet friction was grade 4, and it had physical properties suitable for interior and clothing applications.
- Shrinkable polyamide is used as an island component of ultrafine fiber-generating long fibers, dyed with a gray metal-containing dye, and the solid content concentration of the polymer elastic water dispersion is changed to 15%.
- a suede-like artificial leather was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mass ratio of the long fiber entangled body and the polymer elastic body was changed to 90:10.
- the dyeing electrode before impregnating the polymer elastic body The apparent density of the slender fiber entanglement was 0.45 g / cm 3 , Martindale wear loss was 60 mg, delamination strength was 12 kg / 2.5 cm, and tear strength per 100 g / m 2 was 1.2 kg.
- the resulting suede-like artificial leather had an apparent density of 0.44 g / cm 3 , Martindale wear loss of 70 mg, delamination strength of 12 kg / 2.5 cm, and tear strength per 100 g / m 2 of 1.2 kg. .
- the ultra-thin fibers of the resulting suede-like leather-like sheet were dyed, but the polymer elastic body was substantially undyed.
- the polymer elastic body is fixed inside and around the outer periphery of the ultrafine fiber bundle.
- the average cross-sectional area of the single fiber is 7 xm 2 and the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber bundle is 150 ⁇ m.
- the average existence density of ultrafine fiber bundles been filed in 800 ZMM 2.
- Suede-like artificial leather has excellent flexibility, surface wear loss of 30 mg, wet friction fastness is 4th grade, and has suitable physical properties for applications such as shoes and clothing.
- a leather-like sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an ultrafine fiber-generating short fiber having a fineness of 4.0 dtex was used instead of the ultrafine fiber-generating long fiber. During the dyeing, the fine fiber entanglement stretched greatly, and fiber unplugging occurred frequently.
- the average cross-section of the single fiber is 1.6 ⁇ m
- the average cross-sectional area of the fiber bundle was 350 ⁇ m 2 , but the presence density of the ultrafine fiber bundle was only 300 / mm 2, and the surface feeling was greatly inferior.
- the apparent density of the ultrafine fiber conjugate was 0.30 g / cm 3 , the delamination strength was 2 kg / 2.5 cm, and the surface wear loss was 250 mg.
- Comparative Example 3 A leather-like sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the entangled nonwoven fabric was subjected to 40% area shrinkage at 70 ° C and 90% RH and dried at 120 ° C, and then a polymer elastic body was applied and then ultrafine. Created. The obtained sheet was inferior to the high-class feeling due to the outstanding fibers, fluff spots, and color spots. The wet friction fastness was inferior to 2nd grade. The polymer elastic body was not present inside the ultrafine fiber bundle, but only around the outer periphery of the fiber bundle.
- a suede-like artificial leather was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the number of fiber islands was four.
- the average cross-sectional area of the single fiber was 50 ⁇ m 2 , and it was a rough touch with a rough surface and a poor quality.
- a suede-like artificial leather was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that ultrafine fiber-generating long fibers having an average fineness of 6.0 dtex were used.
- the average cross-sectional area of single fibers is 18 ⁇
- the average cross-section of ultrafine fiber bundles is 520 / m 2
- the apparent density is 0.40 g / cm 3
- the delamination strength is 9 kg / 2.5 cm
- the surface wear loss is 120 mg. there were. It was a rough and rough touch with a rough surface, and was inferior in quality.
- a suede-like artificial leather was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the dispersion was changed.
- the obtained sheet had a tight texture, a feeling of napping, and a poor surface touch.
- the polymer elastic body was fixed to the inside and the outer periphery of the ultrafine fiber bundle, but compared to Example 1, the fiber bundle was adhered and glued together, and a plurality of ultrafine fibers were integrated. area was over substantially 45 mu m 2.
- the polymer elastic body was changed to an aqueous dispersion (solid content concentration 15%) of a (meth) acrylic acid derivative and an acrylonitrile polymer that can form the following cross-linked structure.
- a nubuck-like artificial leather was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mass ratio of the body was 88:12. (Meth) acrylic acid derivative acrylonitrile-based polymer
- Soft component Z cross-linking component Z hard component (mass ratio): 94/3/3
- the nubuck artificial leather thus obtained had a raised length that was shorter than that of Example 1 and had a natural leather-like fullness and an elegant raised texture.
- the ultrafine fibers of nubuck-like artificial leather were dyed, but the polymer elastic body was not substantially dyed.
- the polymer elastic body was fixed to the inside and the outer peripheral portion of the ultrafine fiber bundle, and the average cross-sectional area of the single fiber and the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber bundle were the same as in Example 1.
- the weight loss on the surface was 20 mg, and the fastness to wet friction was grade 4, and it had sufficient physical properties applicable to interiors, car seats and shoes.
- a leather-like sheet was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that smoothing was performed with a smooth roll at 160 ° C. before applying the polymer elastic body.
- the leather-like sheet is smoothed with a 170 ° C smooth roll and then embossed with a 170 ° C embossed roll, with silver having a dense layer (silver surface) in which ultrafine fibers and polymer dispersion are combined and integrated.
- An artificial leather was obtained.
- the density of ultrafine fiber bundles was 2000 / mm 2 in the surface layer with a thickness of 0.2 mm or less from the surface, and 1200 / mm 2 in the lower layer with a thickness of 0.2 mm or more from the surface.
- the abundance ratio (surface layer / lower layer) was 1.7, which was excellent in texture, fullness and surface feeling.
- moisture permeability 2600GZ - was as good as (m 2 24 hr or) .
- An aqueous dispersion having a solid content concentration of 10% was prepared using a gray water-dispersible pigment and a (meth) acrylic acid derivative-acrylonitrile-based polymer capable of forming a crosslinked structure used in Example 3.
- This aqueous dispersion was applied on the surface of the nubuck-like artificial leather obtained in Example 3 to 200 mesh. It was applied to a solid content of 10 g / m 2 using a Swiss gravure machine, dried and solidified.
- embossing was carried out with an embossing roll at 165 ° C. to obtain a gray semi-silvered tone leather.
- the obtained semi-silvered artificial leather had a mixture of napped fibers and a skin layer, had a semi-silvered appearance and a surface touch, and was excellent in texture.
- the wet friction resistance was 3 to 4 grades, the surface wear loss was as good as lOmg, and it had sufficient physical properties applicable to interiors, clothing and shoes.
- the nubuck-like artificial leather obtained in Example 3 was smoothed with a smooth roll at 165 ° C., and then an aqueous dispersion (solid content) of an amorphous polycarbonate / polyether-based polyurethane containing a gray water-dispersible pigment. 10%) was applied using a 200 mesh gravure machine so that the solid content was 20 g / m 2 , dried and solidified. Subsequently, embossing was performed with an embossing roll at 165 ° C. to obtain a gray silver-tone artificial leather.
- the density of the ultrafine fiber bundles was 2000 / mm 2 in the surface layer having a thickness of 0.2 mm or less from the surface, and 1200 / mm 2 in the lower layer having a thickness of 0.2 mm or more from the surface.
- the ratio of abundance density (surface layer / lower layer) was 1.7, which was excellent in texture, fullness and surface feeling. Further, the surface is present an average 20 ⁇ ⁇ fine pores 80 / mm 2, the air permeability 3. Occ / (cm 2 's), a moisture permeability of 200 Og / (m 2 - 24hr ) And it was good.
- a suede-like artificial leather was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer elastic body was changed to a (meth) acrylic acid derivative styrenic polymer capable of forming the following crosslinked structure.
- the resulting suede-like leather-like sheet has a natural leather-like fulfillment and an elegant napping feeling
- the polymer elastic body was fixed to the inside and the outer periphery of the ultrafine fiber bundle, and the average cross-sectional area of the single fiber and the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber bundle were the same as in Example 1.
- the surface wear loss was 35 mg and the wet friction fastness was grade 4, and it had sufficient physical properties to be applied to interiors, car seats and shoes.
- Example 6 except that the polymer elastic body was changed to a 60:40 (mass ratio) mixture of the (meth) acrylic acid derivative polymer and the amorphous polycarbonate / ether polyurethane elastic body used in Example 1.
- a suede-like artificial leather was prepared in the same manner as in 1.
- the obtained suede-like artificial leather has a texture suitable for applications in which a hard texture such as shoes is preferred, and has a natural leather-like fullness and an elegant napping feeling.
- the polymer elastic body was fixed to the inside and the outer periphery of the ultrafine fiber bundle, and the average cross-sectional area of the single fiber and the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber bundle were the same as in Example 1.
- the weight loss on the surface was 35 mg, and the fastness to wet friction was grade 4, and it had sufficient physical properties applicable to interiors, car seats and shoes.
- the obtained suede-like artificial leather was suitable for applications in which a harder texture such as shoes was preferred, and had a natural leather-like fullness and an elegant raised texture.
- the high-molecular elastic body is fixed to the inside and the outer periphery of the ultrafine fiber bundle, and the average cross-sectional area of the single fiber is the same as in Example 3.
- the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber bundle is 140 ⁇ 2 , and the ultrafine fiber bundle the presence density of an average 1400 ZMM 2.
- the surface wear loss was 25 mg, and wet friction fastness was grade 3-4, and it had sufficient physical properties.
- a suede-like artificial leather was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no polymer elastic body was added.
- the thickness was 1.2 mm
- the basis weight was 625 gZm 2
- the apparent density was 0.40 gZcm 3 .
- the average cross-section of a single fiber is 7 ⁇
- the average cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber bundle was 170 ⁇ .
- the average density of the ultrafine fiber bundle was 1000 / mm 2 .
- Martindale abrasion loss is 50mg
- delamination strength is 13kg / 2.
- 5cm is a powerful tear per 100g / m 2 in 1. 2kg, excellent sense of fulfillment, there in the color development of the good long hair type of suede-like artificial leather It was.
- the wet friction fastness was grade 4, and the wall material had physical properties that could be applied to the interior.
- the present invention in a method that does not affect the environment, it has excellent texture such as natural leather with flexibility and fullness, has a high-class appearance, and has robustness and surface physical properties.
- a leather-like sheet with good quality stability and excellent practical performance can be produced.
- Silver-like artificial leather, suede-like artificial leather, semi-silver-like artificial leather using the leather-like sheet as a base material are shoes, balls, furniture, vehicle seats, clothing, gloves, baseball gloves, bags, Suitable as a material for leather-like products such as belts and bags.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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CN2006800357417A CN101273168B (zh) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-28 | 类皮革片材及其制备方法 |
EP20060810779 EP1930495B1 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-28 | Leather-like sheet and method of manufacturing the same |
KR1020087007372A KR101298892B1 (ko) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-28 | 피혁형 시트 및 그 제조 방법 |
DE200660021761 DE602006021761D1 (de) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-28 | Lederartiges bahnenmaterial und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
JP2007538732A JP4869242B2 (ja) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-28 | 皮革様シートおよびその製造方法 |
US12/088,565 US8445391B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-28 | Leather-like sheet and method of manufacturing the same |
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WO (1) | WO2007040144A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090274862A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
DE602006021761D1 (de) | 2011-06-16 |
US8445391B2 (en) | 2013-05-21 |
EP1930495A4 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
TWI372808B (ja) | 2012-09-21 |
CN101273168B (zh) | 2011-04-20 |
EP1930495B1 (en) | 2011-05-04 |
EP1930495A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 |
CN101273168A (zh) | 2008-09-24 |
KR20080049076A (ko) | 2008-06-03 |
JPWO2007040144A1 (ja) | 2009-04-16 |
KR101298892B1 (ko) | 2013-08-21 |
TW200728551A (en) | 2007-08-01 |
JP4869242B2 (ja) | 2012-02-08 |
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