WO2006114651A1 - Method for treating effluent - Google Patents
Method for treating effluent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006114651A1 WO2006114651A1 PCT/GB2006/050087 GB2006050087W WO2006114651A1 WO 2006114651 A1 WO2006114651 A1 WO 2006114651A1 GB 2006050087 W GB2006050087 W GB 2006050087W WO 2006114651 A1 WO2006114651 A1 WO 2006114651A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sodium percarbonate
- effluent
- coated
- sodium
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
- C01B15/055—Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof
- C01B15/10—Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof containing carbon
- C01B15/106—Stabilisation of the solid compounds, subsequent to the preparation or to the crystallisation, by additives or by coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for reducing nuisance odours present in effluent, and in particular to a method for reducing odours in sewage sludge.
- Typical methods for disposal include land fill, composting, burning and spreading on fields as a fertilizer.
- Sewage contains sulphur containing compounds including hydrogen sulphide and various mercaptans formed by anaerobic bacteria. These compounds are all foul-smelling and are highly volatile so need only be present at low concentrations to cause a nuisance. Sewage may be treated with oxidising agents in order to destroy these malodorous compounds.
- anaerobic conditions within a stockpile can cause these nuisance odours to be regenerated and then released once the stockpile is disturbed, for example for transport or land spreading. This is a real nuisance for the public and major reason for public opposition to land application of sewage.
- Sewage must also be treated to reduce levels of pathogens before it can be used as a fertilizer. This is usually achieved by the addition of lime to the dewatered sludge cake.
- Dewatered sludge cake typically comprises 70-80% residual water, lime (CaO) reacts with the water to produce calcium hydroxide in an exothermic reaction. The heat produced pasteurises the cake, and also the pH of the cake is elevated to approximately pH12, killing all bacteria.
- One aspect of the invention provides a method for removing odours in dewatered effluent as specified in Claim 1.
- a further aspect of the invention provides a product suitable for use with the method of the invention as specified in Claim 18.
- a further aspect of the invention provides effluent treated according to the method of the invention as specified in Claim 20.
- the present invention offers an improved method that mitigates the above-identified problems, and provides longer term odour control in sewage waste.
- the method of the invention uses an oxidising agent to destroy odours, the oxidising agent present in a stable form so that oxidising power continues to combat odours during storage for several weeks or months after mixing or processing.
- Sodium percarbonate is an oxidising agent suitable for oxidising foul-smelling sulphur compounds found in sewage.
- Sodium percarbonate is an addition compound of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide (2Na2CC>33H2 ⁇ 2). It decomposes to oxygen, water and sodium carbonate, yielding approximately 13% of active oxygen. If sodium percarbonate is uncoated it decomposes rapidly in water. However, sodium percarbonate can be coated with layers of compounds which are sparingly soluble in water in order to improve stability. Coated sodium percarbonate is widely available commercially, for example from Solvay under the trade name OXPER®.
- Suitable coating compounds include alkali metal silicates, sulphates, carbonates and hydrogen carbonates; for example magnesium silicate, magnesium sulphate, magnesium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate or aluminium silicate.
- the oxidising agent is present in the sludge for many days or weeks depending on the thickness of the coating or the number of coatings applied.
- the additive continues to oxidise the volatile sulphur compounds, removing odours for a long time after treatment. This is especially beneficial when transporting sludge.
- Sodium carbonate is a solid that dissolves in water with minimal generation of heat. As minimal heat is generated, minimal amounts of ammonia are released. This results in fertiliser with enhance N value compared to limed cake, and the working environment in the sewage works is much improved.
- Sewage comprises approximately 2Og sulphur per m 3 ., equivalent to 0.625 moles of sulphur per m 3 .
- Sodium percarbonate (2Na2C ⁇ 33H2 ⁇ 2) yields approximately 13% of active oxygen on decomposition.
- 500g of coated sodium percarbonate is added per m 3 sludge cake, providing a three fold excess of active oxygen.
- Sewage sludge cake comprises approximately 20Og of fats per cubic metre. Taking the assumption that most of the fat present is present as oleic acid tryglycerides with an approximate molecular weight of 900, there are approximately 0.222 moles of fat per m 3 sludge cake. At least a three fold excess of alkali is required to saponify each ester group on the fat, this equates to 71g of sodium carbonate. It is preferable to supply an excess of sodium carbonate. In the preferred embodiment, 50Og of sodium carbonate is added per m 3 sludge cake, providing a seven fold excess of sodium carbonate.
- each m 3 of dewatered sludge cake is treated with a mixture of 500g sodium percarbonate and 500g sodium carbonate.
- the sodium percarbonate must be coated to improve stability within the sludge cake.
- Sodium percarbonate must be coated with compounds that are sparingly soluble in water. Coated sodium percarbonate is widely available commercially.
- Suitable coating compounds include alkali metal silicates, sulphates, carbonates and hydrogen carbonates; for example magnesium silicate, magnesium sulphate, magnesium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate or aluminium silicate.
- granules of sodium percarbonate with several different coating thicknesses are used.
- Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of a sewage treatment works.
- dewatered sewage sludge cake (1) is carried along a conveyor (2).
- a 1:1 mixture of coated sodium percarbonate and sodium carbonate is located in hopper (3).
- Sludge cake is deposited into the pre-mixer (4) and a controlled amount of the sodium percarbonate/sodium carbonate mixture is deposited onto the sludge cake at regular intervals.
- the mixture of sludge cake and sodium percarbonate and sodium carbonate is then carried along a screw conveyor (5). As the cake travels along the screw conveyer it is mixed, before the mixture is deposited into a storage or manuring container (6).
- the rate of addition of the sodium percarbonate/sodium carbonate mixture is controlled so that approximately every Im 3 of sludge cake is treated with approximately IKg of a 1:1 mixture by weight of coated sodium percarbonate:sodium carbonate.
Abstract
A method for removing odours from effluent comprises contacting dewatered effluent with sodium percarbonate granules, wherein the granules are coated with a compound that is sparingly soluble in water.
Description
Method for treating effluent
The invention relates to a method for reducing nuisance odours present in effluent, and in particular to a method for reducing odours in sewage sludge.
Disposal of sewage is a major problem. There are approximately 9000 sewage treatment works in the United Kingdom alone, each producing over 200 tonnes of sewage waste and 11 billion litres of wastewater daily.
Typical methods for disposal include land fill, composting, burning and spreading on fields as a fertilizer.
The main problem of using sewage as a fertilizer is the nuisance odours. Sewage contains sulphur containing compounds including hydrogen sulphide and various mercaptans formed by anaerobic bacteria. These compounds are all foul-smelling and are highly volatile so need only be present at low concentrations to cause a nuisance. Sewage may be treated with oxidising agents in order to destroy these malodorous compounds. However, during subsequent storage, anaerobic conditions within a stockpile can cause these nuisance odours to be regenerated and then released once the stockpile is disturbed, for example for transport or land spreading. This is a real nuisance for the public and major reason for public opposition to land application of sewage.
Sewage must also be treated to reduce levels of pathogens before it can be used as a fertilizer. This is usually achieved by the addition of lime to the dewatered sludge cake. Dewatered sludge cake typically comprises 70-80% residual water, lime (CaO) reacts with the water to produce calcium hydroxide in an exothermic reaction. The heat produced pasteurises the cake, and also the pH of the cake is elevated to approximately pH12, killing all bacteria.
The problems with using lime are that working conditions are not very favourable. Dissolving lime in water produces an output of heat of more than 1100 KJ per kg lime. This exothermic reaction increases the evolution of ammonia gas from the sludge. Ammonia is both unpleasant and dangerous to workers who may be overcome with the fumes. Ammonia can cause irritation to the eyes, nose and throat if not protected properly. Evolution of ammonia also reduces the N content of the sludge, so it has less value as a fertilizer. Liming also creates a very dusty atmosphere in the treatment plant which is unpleasant for workers.
In addition to the problems discussed above, when lime reacts with fats present in sewage sludge, fatty acid calcium salts are formed. These calcium salts are insoluble in water and form a precipitate (commonly known as lime soap), which stiffens up the cake and makes it more difficult to work with.
It would be desirable to provide an improved method for odour control in sewage waste.
One aspect of the invention provides a method for removing odours in dewatered effluent as specified in Claim 1.
A further aspect of the invention provides a product suitable for use with the method of the invention as specified in Claim 18.
A further aspect of the invention provides effluent treated according to the method of the invention as specified in Claim 20.
Preferred aspects of the invention are specified in the claims dependent on Claim 1.
The present invention offers an improved method that mitigates the above-identified problems, and provides longer term odour control in sewage waste.
The method of the invention uses an oxidising agent to destroy odours, the oxidising agent present in a stable form so that oxidising power continues to combat odours during storage for several weeks or months after mixing or processing.
Sodium percarbonate is an oxidising agent suitable for oxidising foul-smelling sulphur compounds found in sewage. Sodium percarbonate is an addition compound of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide (2Na2CC>33H2θ2). It decomposes to oxygen, water and sodium carbonate, yielding approximately 13% of active oxygen. If sodium percarbonate is uncoated it decomposes rapidly in water. However, sodium percarbonate can be coated with layers of compounds which are sparingly soluble in water in order to improve stability. Coated sodium percarbonate is widely available commercially, for example from Solvay under the trade name OXPER®.
Suitable coating compounds include alkali metal silicates, sulphates, carbonates and hydrogen carbonates; for example magnesium silicate, magnesium sulphate, magnesium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate or aluminium silicate.
By adding coated sodium percarbonate to sludge, the oxidising agent is present in the sludge for many days or weeks depending on the thickness of the coating or the number of coatings applied. The additive continues to oxidise the volatile sulphur compounds, removing odours for a long time after treatment. This is especially beneficial when transporting sludge.
Additionally treating sludge cake with an alkali, preferably sodium carbonate, raises the pH of the cake to more than pHll. This destroys virtually all pathogens in the cake. Table 1 summarises the maximum pH tolerance for a range of pathogens.
Table 1 - Maximum pH tolerances for various pathogens
Sodium carbonate is a solid that dissolves in water with minimal generation of heat. As minimal heat is generated, minimal amounts of ammonia are released. This results in fertiliser with enhance N value compared to limed cake, and the working environment in the sewage works is much improved.
Addition of sodium carbonate to the sludge cake has further benefits to the sewage treatment process. Sodium carbonate will saponify fats in the sewage sludge fatty acid sodium salts which are soluble in water (crude soaps) and help to lubricate the sludge cake. This helps make the cake less viscous and much easier to handle.
Sewage comprises approximately 2Og sulphur per m3., equivalent to 0.625 moles of sulphur per m3. Sodium percarbonate (2Na2Cθ33H2θ2) yields approximately 13% of active oxygen on decomposition. In the preferred embodiment, 500g of coated sodium percarbonate is added per m3 sludge cake, providing a three fold excess of active oxygen.
Sewage sludge cake comprises approximately 20Og of fats per cubic metre. Taking the assumption that most of the fat present is present as oleic acid tryglycerides with an approximate molecular weight of 900, there are approximately 0.222 moles of fat per m3 sludge cake.
At least a three fold excess of alkali is required to saponify each ester group on the fat, this equates to 71g of sodium carbonate. It is preferable to supply an excess of sodium carbonate. In the preferred embodiment, 50Og of sodium carbonate is added per m3 sludge cake, providing a seven fold excess of sodium carbonate.
Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, each m3 of dewatered sludge cake is treated with a mixture of 500g sodium percarbonate and 500g sodium carbonate.
The sodium percarbonate must be coated to improve stability within the sludge cake. Sodium percarbonate must be coated with compounds that are sparingly soluble in water. Coated sodium percarbonate is widely available commercially.
Suitable coating compounds include alkali metal silicates, sulphates, carbonates and hydrogen carbonates; for example magnesium silicate, magnesium sulphate, magnesium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate or aluminium silicate.
In the preferred embodiment granules of sodium percarbonate with several different coating thicknesses are used.
In the drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention:
Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of a sewage treatment works.
Referring to Figure 1, dewatered sewage sludge cake (1) is carried along a conveyor (2). A 1:1 mixture of coated sodium percarbonate and sodium carbonate is located in hopper (3). Sludge cake is deposited into the pre-mixer (4) and a controlled amount of the sodium percarbonate/sodium carbonate mixture is deposited onto the sludge cake at regular intervals. The mixture of sludge cake and sodium percarbonate and sodium carbonate is then carried along a screw conveyor (5). As the cake travels along the screw conveyer it is mixed, before the mixture is deposited into a storage or manuring container (6). The rate of addition of the sodium percarbonate/sodium carbonate mixture is controlled so that approximately every Im3 of sludge cake is treated with approximately IKg of a 1:1 mixture by weight of coated sodium percarbonate:sodium carbonate.
Claims
1. A method for removing odours from effluent comprising contacting dewatered effluent with sodium percarbonate granules, wherein the granules are coated with a compound that is sparingly soluble in water.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dewatered effluent is further contacted with an alkali.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the alkali is sodium carbonate.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein each cubic metre of effluent is contacted with an amount of coated sodium percarbonate in the range 20Og to lOOOg and an amount of sodium carbonate in the range 20Og to 100Og.
5. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein each cubic metre of effluent is contacted with 500g coated sodium percarbonate and 500g sodium carbonate.
6. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the effluent is sewage.
7. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the sodium percarbonate is coated with at least one compound selected from the group comprising: magnesium silicate; magnesium carbonate; magnesium sulphate; sodium silicate; sodium carbonate; sodium hydrogen carbonate or aluminium silicate.
8. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the coating amounts to 0.5 to 25 weight % of coating compound relative to sodium percarbonate.
9. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the sodium percarbonate is coated with a number of layers, n, wherein;
when n = 1 the coating amounts to 0 to 1.5 weight % relative to sodium percarbonate;
when n = 2 the coating amounts to 0 to 3 weight % relative to sodium percarbonate ;
when n = 3 the coating amounts to 0 to 4.5weight % relative to sodium percarbonate;
when n = 4 the coating amounts to 0 to 6 weight % relative to sodium percarbonate;
when n = 5 the coating amounts to 0 to 7.5 weight % relative to sodium percarbonate ;
when n = 6 the coating amounts to 0 to 9 weight % relative to sodium percarbonate ; when n = 7 the coating amounts to 0 to 10.5 weight % relative to sodium percarbonate ;
when n = 8 the coating amounts to 0 to 12 weight % relative to sodium percarbonate;
when n = 9 the coating amounts to 0 to 13.5 weight % relative to sodium percarbonate; and
when n = 10 the coating amounts to 0 to 15 weight % relative to sodium percarbonate.
10. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the coated sodium percarbonate is a mixture of coated sodium percarbonate with n in the range 1 to 10.
11. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein an amount of coated sodium percarbonate remains in the effluent in unreacted form for up to three months.
12. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein an amount of coated sodium percarbonate remains in the effluent in unreacted form for up to two months.
13. A method as claimed in claim 11 or 12, wherein an amount of coated sodium percarbonate remains in the effluent in unreacted form for up to one month.
14. A method as claimed in any of claims 11 to 13, wherein an amount of coated sodium percarbonate remains in the effluent in unreacted form for up to 15 days.
15. A method as claimed in any of claims 11 to 14, wherein an amount of coated sodium percarbonate remains in the effluent in unreacted form for up to 10 days.
16. A method as claimed in any of claims 11 to 15, wherein an amount of coated sodium percarbonate remains in the effluent in unreacted form for up to 5 days.
17. A method as claimed in any of claims 11 to 16, wherein sodium percarbonate is a mixture of coated sodium percarbonate that remains in the effluent in unreacted form for up to 5 days; coated sodium percarbonate that remains in the effluent in unreacted form for up to 10 days; coated sodium percarbonate that remains in the effluent in unreacted form for up to 15 days; and coated sodium percarbonate that remains in the effluent in unreacted form for more than 15 days.
18. A product suitable for use in the method as claimed in any of claims 3 to 17 comprising a mixture of sodium carbonate and coated sodium percarbonate.
19. A product as claimed in claim 18, wherein the mixture comprises sodium carbonate and coated sodium percarbonate in a ratio of 1:1 by weight.
20. Effluent treated according to the method claimed in any of claims 1 to 19.
21. Effluent treated with the product as claimed in claim 18 or 19.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0508622.8A GB0508622D0 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2005-04-28 | Method for treating effluent |
| GB0508622.8 | 2005-04-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006114651A1 true WO2006114651A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
Family
ID=34673984
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB2006/050087 WO2006114651A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2006-04-28 | Method for treating effluent |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB0508622D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006114651A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009050191A3 (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2009-06-25 | Kemira Kemi Ab | Process for the production of a granule of a coated oxidizing compound such granule and uses of the granule |
| WO2021116466A1 (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-17 | Johannes Wissing | Method and system for treating olfactorily loaded materials |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110606597A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-24 | 崔玉祥 | Treatment method for efficiently removing COD (chemical oxygen demand) in wastewater |
| CN111253182A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-09 | 常州市金太阳动物保健品有限公司 | Wangcao polyoxin tablet and preparation method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62121699A (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1987-06-02 | Nippon Peroxide Co Ltd | Method for deodorizing dehydrated cake |
| US5346680A (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-09-13 | Solvay Interox Gmbh | Sodium percarbonate stabilized by coating |
| US5658873A (en) * | 1993-04-10 | 1997-08-19 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Coated sodium percarbonate particles, a process for their production and detergent, cleaning and bleaching compositions containing them |
| JPH11158016A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-15 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Sodium percarbonate-containing composition |
| JP2001321428A (en) * | 2000-05-16 | 2001-11-20 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Deodorant |
| WO2004094320A1 (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2004-11-04 | Kemira Kemi Ab | Method of treating digested sludge |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA999520A (en) * | 1972-06-05 | 1976-11-09 | Fmc Corporation | Treatment of animal wastes with hydrogen peroxide |
| JPS5245582A (en) * | 1975-10-09 | 1977-04-11 | Tokai Denka Kogyo Kk | Solid-liquid separation method of organic waste fluid sludge |
| DE2723753A1 (en) * | 1977-05-26 | 1978-12-07 | Degussa | PROCESS FOR DEODORIZATION OF GUELLE AND REMOVAL OF POLLUTION GASES |
| JPH10118669A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1998-05-12 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Oxidizing treatment of organic matter |
| JPH1129797A (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1999-02-02 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Peroxide-containing composition |
-
2005
- 2005-04-28 GB GBGB0508622.8A patent/GB0508622D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-04-28 GB GB0608357A patent/GB2426973A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-04-28 WO PCT/GB2006/050087 patent/WO2006114651A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62121699A (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1987-06-02 | Nippon Peroxide Co Ltd | Method for deodorizing dehydrated cake |
| US5346680A (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-09-13 | Solvay Interox Gmbh | Sodium percarbonate stabilized by coating |
| US5658873A (en) * | 1993-04-10 | 1997-08-19 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Coated sodium percarbonate particles, a process for their production and detergent, cleaning and bleaching compositions containing them |
| JPH11158016A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-15 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Sodium percarbonate-containing composition |
| JP2001321428A (en) * | 2000-05-16 | 2001-11-20 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Deodorant |
| WO2004094320A1 (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2004-11-04 | Kemira Kemi Ab | Method of treating digested sludge |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 349 (C - 456) 14 November 1987 (1987-11-14) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 11 30 September 1999 (1999-09-30) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2002, no. 03 3 April 2002 (2002-04-03) * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009050191A3 (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2009-06-25 | Kemira Kemi Ab | Process for the production of a granule of a coated oxidizing compound such granule and uses of the granule |
| US8338341B2 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2012-12-25 | Kemira Kemi Ab | Process for the production of a granule of a coated oxidizing compound such granule and uses of the granule |
| RU2471848C2 (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2013-01-10 | Кемира Кеми Аб | Method for obtaining granule of coated oxidising agent; obtained granule and its use |
| US8501670B2 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2013-08-06 | Kemira Chemicals Inc. | Well treatment fluid compositions and methods of use that include a delayed release percarbonate formulation |
| US9150779B2 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2015-10-06 | Kemira Chemicals Inc. | Well treatment fluid compositions and methods of use that include a delayed release percarbonate formulation |
| WO2021116466A1 (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-17 | Johannes Wissing | Method and system for treating olfactorily loaded materials |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0508622D0 (en) | 2005-06-08 |
| GB2426973A (en) | 2006-12-13 |
| GB0608357D0 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
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