WO2006089180A3 - Fuel cell catalyst - Google Patents

Fuel cell catalyst Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006089180A3
WO2006089180A3 PCT/US2006/005766 US2006005766W WO2006089180A3 WO 2006089180 A3 WO2006089180 A3 WO 2006089180A3 US 2006005766 W US2006005766 W US 2006005766W WO 2006089180 A3 WO2006089180 A3 WO 2006089180A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
typically
carried out
target
supported catalyst
fuel cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/005766
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2006089180A2 (en
Inventor
Radoslav Atanasoski
Original Assignee
3M Innovative Properties Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3M Innovative Properties Co filed Critical 3M Innovative Properties Co
Priority to JP2007555385A priority Critical patent/JP5265926B2/en
Priority to CA002597290A priority patent/CA2597290A1/en
Priority to EP06735428A priority patent/EP1849200A2/en
Publication of WO2006089180A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006089180A2/en
Publication of WO2006089180A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006089180A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
    • H01M4/8867—Vapour deposition
    • H01M4/8871—Sputtering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
    • H01M4/9083—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A method is provided for making a supported catalyst comprising nanostructured elements which comprise microstructured support whiskers bearing nanoscopic catalyst particles, where the method comprises step a) of vacuum deposition of material from at least a first carbon target in the presence of nitrogen and step b) of vacuum deposition of material from a second target comprising at least one transition metal, the second target comprising no precious metals. In one embodiment, step a) is carried out prior to step b). In another embodiment, steps a) and b) are carried out simultaneously. Typically the deposition steps are carried out in the absence of oxygen. Typically, the transition metal is iron or cobalt, and most typically iron. The present disclosure also provides a supported catalyst comprising nanostructured elements which comprise microstructured support whiskers bearing nanoscopic catalyst particles made according to the present method. The present disclosure also provides a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly comprising the present supported catalyst.
PCT/US2006/005766 2005-02-16 2006-02-16 Fuel cell catalyst WO2006089180A2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007555385A JP5265926B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2006-02-16 Fuel cell catalyst
CA002597290A CA2597290A1 (en) 2005-02-16 2006-02-16 Fuel cell catalyst
EP06735428A EP1849200A2 (en) 2005-02-16 2006-02-16 Fuel cell catalyst

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US65335905P 2005-02-16 2005-02-16
US60/653,359 2005-02-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006089180A2 WO2006089180A2 (en) 2006-08-24
WO2006089180A3 true WO2006089180A3 (en) 2006-12-21

Family

ID=36698663

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2006/005766 WO2006089180A2 (en) 2005-02-16 2006-02-16 Fuel cell catalyst

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7867648B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1849200A2 (en)
JP (1) JP5265926B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20070103451A (en)
CN (1) CN101120467A (en)
CA (1) CA2597290A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006089180A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7740902B2 (en) * 2006-04-20 2010-06-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for making oxygen-reducing catalyst layers
US7906251B2 (en) * 2006-04-20 2011-03-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Oxygen-reducing catalyst layer
JP5166512B2 (en) 2007-04-12 2013-03-21 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー High performance, high durability, non-precious metal fuel cell catalyst
JP2009272262A (en) * 2008-05-12 2009-11-19 Nagaoka Univ Of Technology Cathode catalyst for direct alcohol type fuel cell, method of manufacturing the same, and direct alcohol type fuel cell using the same
JP5580312B2 (en) * 2008-08-25 2014-08-27 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー Nanocatalyst for fuel cell with voltage reversal resistance
US8859164B2 (en) * 2011-02-15 2014-10-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Bipolar plates and electrochemical cells employing the same
JP7175857B2 (en) * 2019-08-02 2022-11-21 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 Metal-supported catalysts, battery electrodes and batteries
CN112259747B (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-08-03 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Fuel cell membrane electrode assembly formed by growing whiskers and preparation method

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4333916A (en) * 1980-04-18 1982-06-08 Ube Industries, Ltd. Process for producing carbonitride of metal
US5879827A (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-03-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Catalyst for membrane electrode assembly and method of making
US6150569A (en) * 1998-01-21 2000-11-21 Huels Aktiengesellschaft Process for preparing lower and higher alkali metal alkoxides, in particular potassium tert-butoxide, by microheterogeneous catalysis
US6403245B1 (en) * 1999-05-21 2002-06-11 Microcoating Technologies, Inc. Materials and processes for providing fuel cells and active membranes
DE10038800A1 (en) * 2000-08-09 2002-06-20 Cornelia Repenning Production of combined direct manufacture of highly active electrodes used for fuel cells and electrolysis cells comprises using carbon carrier
US6610436B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2003-08-26 Gore Enterprise Holdings Catalytic coatings and fuel cell electrodes and membrane electrode assemblies made therefrom
JP2004217977A (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology Amorphous nitrided carbon film and manufacturing method therefor
US20040197638A1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-10-07 Mcelrath Kenneth O Fuel cell electrode comprising carbon nanotubes

Family Cites Families (53)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4340276A (en) * 1978-11-01 1982-07-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of producing a microstructured surface and the article produced thereby
JPS59181466A (en) 1983-03-31 1984-10-15 Toshiba Corp Manufacture of electrolyte matrix
US5079107A (en) * 1984-06-07 1992-01-07 Giner, Inc. Cathode alloy electrocatalysts
US4568598A (en) * 1984-10-30 1986-02-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Article with reduced friction polymer sheet support
US4812352A (en) * 1986-08-25 1989-03-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Article having surface layer of uniformly oriented, crystalline, organic microstructures
US5039561A (en) * 1986-08-25 1991-08-13 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method for preparing an article having surface layer of uniformly oriented, crystalline, organic microstructures
JPH01210035A (en) * 1988-02-18 1989-08-23 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Platinum catalyst and its manufacture method
US5176786A (en) * 1988-07-13 1993-01-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Organic thin film controlled molecular epitaxy
US5336558A (en) * 1991-06-24 1994-08-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Composite article comprising oriented microstructures
ES2143994T3 (en) 1992-03-13 2000-06-01 Binsmaier Hannelore Geb Gallin PROCEDURE TO GENERATE ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM BIOMASSES.
US5240893A (en) 1992-06-05 1993-08-31 General Motors Corporation Method of preparing metal-heterocarbon-nitrogen catalyst for electrochemical cells
US5338430A (en) * 1992-12-23 1994-08-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Nanostructured electrode membranes
DE69416855T2 (en) * 1993-11-23 1999-08-12 Plasmoteg Engineering Center ABRASIVE FOR FINE SURFACE TREATMENT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
US5643343A (en) 1993-11-23 1997-07-01 Selifanov; Oleg Vladimirovich Abrasive material for precision surface treatment and a method for the manufacturing thereof
US5593934A (en) * 1993-12-14 1997-01-14 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. Platinum alloy catalyst
US5711773A (en) 1994-11-17 1998-01-27 Plasmoteg Engineering Center Abrasive material for precision surface treatment and a method for the manufacturing thereof
US5872074A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-02-16 Hydro-Quebec Leached nanocrystalline materials process for manufacture of the same, and use thereof in the energetic field
US6475653B1 (en) 1997-09-01 2002-11-05 Rmg Services Pty Ltd Non diffusion fuel cell and a process of using the fuel cell
US5879828A (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-03-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Membrane electrode assembly
US6042959A (en) * 1997-10-10 2000-03-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Membrane electrode assembly and method of its manufacture
US6136412A (en) * 1997-10-10 2000-10-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Microtextured catalyst transfer substrate
US6967183B2 (en) 1998-08-27 2005-11-22 Cabot Corporation Electrocatalyst powders, methods for producing powders and devices fabricated from same
US6482763B2 (en) * 1999-12-29 2002-11-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Suboxide fuel cell catalyst for enhanced reformate tolerance
US6749892B2 (en) * 2000-03-22 2004-06-15 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method for fabricating membrane-electrode assembly and fuel cell adopting the membrane-electrode assembly
KR100493991B1 (en) 2000-07-06 2005-06-08 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시키가이샤 Method for producing film electrode jointed product and method for producing solid polymer type fuel cell
US6835489B2 (en) 2002-08-15 2004-12-28 Texaco Ovonic Fuel Cell Llc Double layer oxygen electrode and method of making
US7157068B2 (en) 2001-05-21 2007-01-02 The Trustees Of Boston College Varied morphology carbon nanotubes and method for their manufacture
JP2003147519A (en) * 2001-11-05 2003-05-21 Anelva Corp Sputtering device
US20030124717A1 (en) 2001-11-26 2003-07-03 Yuji Awano Method of manufacturing carbon cylindrical structures and biopolymer detection device
US7390920B2 (en) * 2002-02-14 2008-06-24 Monsanto Technology Llc Oxidation catalyst and process
CN1260842C (en) 2002-07-09 2006-06-21 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 Process for praparing non-Pt composite electrocatalyst for cathode of fuel battery
US6946362B2 (en) * 2002-09-06 2005-09-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Method and apparatus for forming high surface area material films and membranes
US7645543B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2010-01-12 Polyplus Battery Company Active metal/aqueous electrochemical cells and systems
US7108939B2 (en) * 2002-12-12 2006-09-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Covalently bonded catalyst carrier and catalytic component
US6624328B1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2003-09-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Preparation of perfluorinated vinyl ethers having a sulfonyl fluoride end-group
US20040116742A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-06-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Selective reaction of hexafluoropropylene oxide with perfluoroacyl fluorides
US7348088B2 (en) 2002-12-19 2008-03-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Polymer electrolyte membrane
JP2005048305A (en) * 2003-07-31 2005-02-24 Canon Inc Method for producing carbon fiber and method for producing electron emission element using the same, electron source and image display device
US20050031921A1 (en) 2003-08-07 2005-02-10 Ovshinsky Stanford R. Hybrid fuel cell
EP2316567B1 (en) 2003-09-26 2018-01-24 3M Innovative Properties Co. Nanoscale gold catalysts, activating agents, support media, and related methodologies useful for making such catalyst systems especially when the gold is deposited onto the support media using physical vapor deposition
US7419741B2 (en) * 2003-09-29 2008-09-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Fuel cell cathode catalyst
US8057847B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2011-11-15 Utc Fuel Cells, Llc Method for preparing membranes and membrane electrode assemblies with hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst
JP4324078B2 (en) * 2003-12-18 2009-09-02 キヤノン株式会社 Carbon-containing fiber, substrate using carbon-containing fiber, electron-emitting device, electron source using the electron-emitting device, display panel using the electron source, and information display / reproduction device using the display panel, And production methods thereof
US20050200040A1 (en) 2004-03-15 2005-09-15 Hara Hiroaki S. Method of preparing membrane electrode assemblies with aerogel supported catalyst
US7195652B2 (en) 2004-04-06 2007-03-27 Angstrom Power Method for forming compact chemical reactors with reactor frames
US7067217B2 (en) 2004-04-06 2006-06-27 Angstrom Power Compact fuel cell layer
JP4860913B2 (en) * 2004-05-14 2012-01-25 富士通株式会社 Carbon nanotube composite material and manufacturing method thereof, and magnetic material and manufacturing method thereof
US20060088739A1 (en) 2004-10-26 2006-04-27 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Power generation and supply system
US7674549B2 (en) 2005-02-28 2010-03-09 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Fuel cell power generation apparatus, fuel cartridge, and fuel cell system using the same
JP2006253147A (en) 2005-03-09 2006-09-21 Samsung Sdi Co Ltd Manufacturing method of electrocatalyst for cation exchange membrane fuel cell
US7906251B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2011-03-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Oxygen-reducing catalyst layer
US7740902B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2010-06-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for making oxygen-reducing catalyst layers
US20080274391A1 (en) 2007-03-05 2008-11-06 Bose Rathindra N Multifunctional tunable metal-phosphate composite electrocatalyst for efficient oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation for applications in fuel cells and electrolysis

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4333916A (en) * 1980-04-18 1982-06-08 Ube Industries, Ltd. Process for producing carbonitride of metal
US5879827A (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-03-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Catalyst for membrane electrode assembly and method of making
US6150569A (en) * 1998-01-21 2000-11-21 Huels Aktiengesellschaft Process for preparing lower and higher alkali metal alkoxides, in particular potassium tert-butoxide, by microheterogeneous catalysis
US6610436B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2003-08-26 Gore Enterprise Holdings Catalytic coatings and fuel cell electrodes and membrane electrode assemblies made therefrom
US6403245B1 (en) * 1999-05-21 2002-06-11 Microcoating Technologies, Inc. Materials and processes for providing fuel cells and active membranes
DE10038800A1 (en) * 2000-08-09 2002-06-20 Cornelia Repenning Production of combined direct manufacture of highly active electrodes used for fuel cells and electrolysis cells comprises using carbon carrier
US20040197638A1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-10-07 Mcelrath Kenneth O Fuel cell electrode comprising carbon nanotubes
JP2004217977A (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology Amorphous nitrided carbon film and manufacturing method therefor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2003, no. 12 5 December 2003 (2003-12-05) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7867648B2 (en) 2011-01-11
EP1849200A2 (en) 2007-10-31
WO2006089180A2 (en) 2006-08-24
JP5265926B2 (en) 2013-08-14
CN101120467A (en) 2008-02-06
JP2008530760A (en) 2008-08-07
CA2597290A1 (en) 2006-08-24
KR20070103451A (en) 2007-10-23
US20090226796A1 (en) 2009-09-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2006089180A3 (en) Fuel cell catalyst
WO2006076459A3 (en) Photocatalytic methods for preparation of electrocatalyst materials
WO2006086979A3 (en) Production of a platinum-free chelate catalyst material as an intermediate product, and further processing thereof to obtain an electrocatalytic coating as a final product
ATE524843T1 (en) POWERFUL AND DURABLE NON- PRECIOUS METAL FUEL CELL CATALYSTS
WO2006083357A3 (en) Methods and devices for making carbon nanotubes and compositions thereof
WO2006065365A3 (en) Design, method and process for unitized mea
WO2006062947A3 (en) Nanowire-based membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
WO2008124343A3 (en) Variably porous structures
WO2003097910A3 (en) Process for processing carbon material
WO2004030011A3 (en) Improved upper electrode plate in a plasma processing system and manufacturing method for the electrode
WO2008126525A1 (en) Metallic separator for fuel cell and process for producing the metallic separator
HK1167746A1 (en) Process for making a solid polymer electrolyte
WO2007130659A3 (en) Electrochemical oxidation of organic matter
WO2006125177A3 (en) Electrode and catalytic materials
GB0501590D0 (en) Processing of enhanced performance LSCF fuel cell cathode microstructure and a fuel cell cathode
WO2005101552A3 (en) Method for production of proton-conducting clay particles and composite material comprising said particles
WO2008085149A3 (en) Membrane electrode assembly for organic/air fuel cells
WO2006008319A3 (en) Catalysts for fuel cell electrodes based on cobalt and its alloys, the preparation and use thereof, as well as fuel cells containing them
TW200613467A (en) Carbon black and multi-stage process for making same
WO2007105096A8 (en) Fuel cell and method for producing the same
CA2624979A1 (en) Hydrogen separation membrane with a carrier, fuel cell and hydrogen separation apparatus having same, and method of manufacturing same
EP1899992A4 (en) Solid electrolyte membrane, method and apparatus of producing the same, membrane electrode assembly, and fuel cell
CA2561152A1 (en) Hydrogen permeable membrane, fuel cell and hydrogen extracting apparatus equipped with the hydrogen permeable membrane, and method of manufacturing the hydrogen permeable membrane
EP2144316A3 (en) Method for manufacturing electrochemical cell parts comprising a material deposition process
IL186950A (en) Method of forming an injectable radioactive composition of a carbon encapsulated radioactive particulate

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 200680005145.4

Country of ref document: CN

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2597290

Country of ref document: CA

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2007555385

Country of ref document: JP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1020077018587

Country of ref document: KR

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2006735428

Country of ref document: EP