WO2006071580A3 - Fuel cells evaporatively reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention - Google Patents

Fuel cells evaporatively reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006071580A3
WO2006071580A3 PCT/US2005/045697 US2005045697W WO2006071580A3 WO 2006071580 A3 WO2006071580 A3 WO 2006071580A3 US 2005045697 W US2005045697 W US 2005045697W WO 2006071580 A3 WO2006071580 A3 WO 2006071580A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reactant gas
passageways
water
fuel cells
condenser
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2005/045697
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2006071580A2 (en
Inventor
Carl A Reiser
Jeremy P Meyers
David D Johnson
Craig E Evans
Robert M Darling
Tommy Skiba
Original Assignee
Utc Fuel Cells Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/027,332 external-priority patent/US7504170B2/en
Application filed by Utc Fuel Cells Llc filed Critical Utc Fuel Cells Llc
Priority to DE112005003309.0T priority Critical patent/DE112005003309B4/en
Priority to CN2005800450394A priority patent/CN101107743B/en
Priority to KR1020077014416A priority patent/KR101246531B1/en
Priority to JP2007549442A priority patent/JP5117861B2/en
Publication of WO2006071580A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006071580A2/en
Publication of WO2006071580A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006071580A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04126—Humidifying
    • H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04044—Purification of heat exchange media
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

Fuel cells (38) have water passageways (67) that provide water through reactant gas flow field plates to cool the fuel cell. The water passageways may be vented to atmosphere, by a porous plug (69), or pumped with or without removing any water from the passageways. A condenser (59) receives reactant air exhaust, may have a contiguous reservoir (64), may be vertical, (a vehicle radiator, figure 2), may be horizontal, contiguous with the top of the fuel cell stack, or below the fuel cell stack. The passageways may be grooves or may comprise a plane of porous hydrophilic material contiguous with substantially the entire surface of one or both of the reactant gas flow field plates. Air flow in the condenser may be controlled by shutters. The condenser maybe a heat exchanger having freeze-proof liquid flowing through a coil thereof, the amount being controlled by a valve. A deionizer may be used.
PCT/US2005/045697 2004-12-29 2005-12-15 Fuel cells evaporatively reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention WO2006071580A2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112005003309.0T DE112005003309B4 (en) 2004-12-29 2005-12-15 Evaporative cooling of reactant gas and operational anti-freeze protection for fuel cell power generators
CN2005800450394A CN101107743B (en) 2004-12-29 2005-12-15 Fuel cells evaporatively reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention
KR1020077014416A KR101246531B1 (en) 2004-12-29 2005-12-15 Fuel cells evaporatively reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention
JP2007549442A JP5117861B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2005-12-15 Evaporative cooling of fuel cell reactant gases and freeze protection during operation

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/027,332 2004-12-29
US11/027,332 US7504170B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2004-12-29 Fuel cells evaporatively cooled with water carried in passageways
US11/230,066 US7579098B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2005-09-19 Fuel cells evaporative reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention
US11/230,066 2005-09-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006071580A2 WO2006071580A2 (en) 2006-07-06
WO2006071580A3 true WO2006071580A3 (en) 2006-09-08

Family

ID=36615398

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2005/045697 WO2006071580A2 (en) 2004-12-29 2005-12-15 Fuel cells evaporatively reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20080038610A1 (en)
KR (1) KR101246531B1 (en)
DE (1) DE112005003309B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2006071580A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101383424B (en) * 2007-09-07 2013-05-15 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 Fuel cell bipolar plate exit for improved flow distribution and freeze compatibility

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7754364B2 (en) * 2006-01-06 2010-07-13 Utc Fuel Cells Llc PEM fuel cell system with a porous hydrophobic plug for maintaining system back pressure and methods for designing the plug and for designing systems for using the plug
WO2008076108A1 (en) * 2006-12-16 2008-06-26 Utc Fuel Cells, Llc Pem fuel cell system with a porous hydrophobic vent assembly with gas flow blockage prevention for maintaining system back pressure
WO2008076107A1 (en) * 2006-12-16 2008-06-26 Utc Fuel Cells, Llc Pem fuel cell system with a porous hydrophobic gas venting member with gas flow blockage prevention
CN100565998C (en) * 2006-12-27 2009-12-02 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of cooling means of high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell group and system thereof
US8426076B2 (en) 2007-05-09 2013-04-23 Bose Corporation Fuel cell
US8211580B2 (en) * 2008-04-01 2012-07-03 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Electronics cabinet with liquid cooling system for backup power fuel cell
KR101800056B1 (en) * 2010-10-06 2017-11-21 아우디 아게 Evaporatively cooled fuel cells with water passageways enhanced by wicks
JP5781168B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2015-09-16 バラード パワー システムズ インコーポレイテッド Hybrid bipolar plate for evaporatively cooled fuel cells
EP2705561B1 (en) * 2011-05-04 2016-09-21 Audi AG Freeze-resistant fuel cell condensers
DE102012024860A1 (en) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 Audi Ag Method for operating a fuel cell system
GB2515553B (en) * 2013-06-28 2021-04-21 Intelligent Energy Ltd Coolant purification
GB2530027A (en) * 2014-09-05 2016-03-16 Intelligent Energy Ltd Fuel cell system
DE102016208603A1 (en) 2016-05-19 2017-11-23 Volkswagen Ag Fuel cell system, water separator for a fuel cell system and method for cold start a fuel cell system
CN112563534B (en) * 2020-11-27 2022-02-18 东风汽车集团有限公司 Quick-detachable deionizer-radiator

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4530886A (en) * 1984-12-06 1985-07-23 United Technologies Corporation Process for humidifying a gaseous fuel stream
US5669311A (en) * 1993-05-10 1997-09-23 General Electric Company Shuttered radiator system with control
US5700595A (en) * 1995-06-23 1997-12-23 International Fuel Cells Corp. Ion exchange membrane fuel cell power plant with water management pressure differentials
US20020114983A1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2002-08-22 Coleman Powermate, Inc. Portable fuel cell electric power source
US6572994B1 (en) * 1998-10-26 2003-06-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Polymer electrolyte fuel cell system
US6759153B1 (en) * 1998-02-25 2004-07-06 Ballard Power Systems Ag Liquid fuel cell system
US20040170878A1 (en) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-02 Goebel Steven G. Evaporative cooled fuel cell

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3761316A (en) * 1971-03-29 1973-09-25 United Aircraft Corp Fuel cell with evaporative cooling
US4826741A (en) * 1987-06-02 1989-05-02 Ergenics Power Systems, Inc. Ion exchange fuel cell assembly with improved water and thermal management
ITMI20022637A1 (en) * 2002-12-16 2004-06-17 Nuvera Fuel Cells Europ Srl ELECTROCHEMICAL GENERATOR AND METHOD FOR ITS USE
US7504170B2 (en) * 2004-12-29 2009-03-17 Utc Power Corporation Fuel cells evaporatively cooled with water carried in passageways
US7754364B2 (en) * 2006-01-06 2010-07-13 Utc Fuel Cells Llc PEM fuel cell system with a porous hydrophobic plug for maintaining system back pressure and methods for designing the plug and for designing systems for using the plug

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4530886A (en) * 1984-12-06 1985-07-23 United Technologies Corporation Process for humidifying a gaseous fuel stream
US5669311A (en) * 1993-05-10 1997-09-23 General Electric Company Shuttered radiator system with control
US5700595A (en) * 1995-06-23 1997-12-23 International Fuel Cells Corp. Ion exchange membrane fuel cell power plant with water management pressure differentials
US6759153B1 (en) * 1998-02-25 2004-07-06 Ballard Power Systems Ag Liquid fuel cell system
US6572994B1 (en) * 1998-10-26 2003-06-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Polymer electrolyte fuel cell system
US20020114983A1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2002-08-22 Coleman Powermate, Inc. Portable fuel cell electric power source
US20040170878A1 (en) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-02 Goebel Steven G. Evaporative cooled fuel cell

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101383424B (en) * 2007-09-07 2013-05-15 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 Fuel cell bipolar plate exit for improved flow distribution and freeze compatibility

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006071580A2 (en) 2006-07-06
DE112005003309B4 (en) 2020-11-12
DE112005003309T5 (en) 2007-12-13
US20080038610A1 (en) 2008-02-14
KR101246531B1 (en) 2013-03-26
KR20070097467A (en) 2007-10-04

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