WO2006038548A1 - 多層ポリ乳酸系樹脂発泡体及び多層ポリ乳酸系樹脂発泡成形体 - Google Patents
多層ポリ乳酸系樹脂発泡体及び多層ポリ乳酸系樹脂発泡成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006038548A1 WO2006038548A1 PCT/JP2005/018090 JP2005018090W WO2006038548A1 WO 2006038548 A1 WO2006038548 A1 WO 2006038548A1 JP 2005018090 W JP2005018090 W JP 2005018090W WO 2006038548 A1 WO2006038548 A1 WO 2006038548A1
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- foam
- layer
- polylactic acid
- multilayer
- resin
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/002—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/14—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249976—Voids specified as closed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249976—Voids specified as closed
- Y10T428/249977—Specified thickness of void-containing component [absolute or relative], numerical cell dimension or density
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
- Y10T428/249979—Specified thickness of void-containing component [absolute or relative] or numerical cell dimension
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
- Y10T428/249991—Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/249991—Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
- Y10T428/249992—Linear or thermoplastic
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
- Y10T428/249991—Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
- Y10T428/249992—Linear or thermoplastic
- Y10T428/249993—Hydrocarbon polymer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
- Y10T428/31797—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sheet-like or plate-like multilayer polylactic acid resin foam, the multilayer polylactic acid resin foam for thermoforming, and a multilayer polylactic acid resin foam.
- foams made of general-purpose resins such as polyethylene-based resins, polypropylene-based resins, and polystyrene-based resins have excellent lightness, heat insulating properties, and buffering properties. Have been used.
- foams made of these general-purpose resins are hardly decomposed when left in a natural environment after use, and in recent years, many technologies relating to recovery and reuse have been realized.
- polylactic acid-based resin has attracted attention.
- the polylactic acid-based resin is made from a plant such as corn as a starting material, and is decomposed to carbon dioxide and water even if it is left in a natural environment after use. Therefore, the versatility of polylactic acid-based resin is expected to increase in the future, and the development of foams using polylactic acid-based resin as a raw material has been carried out in the same manner as conventional general-purpose resins.
- the conventional polylactic acid resin foam sheet (Patent Document 1) has amorphous polylactic acid as a main component, and thus has excellent moldability but has a problem in heat resistance. It was so deformed.
- Crystalline polylactic acid on the other hand, has excellent heat resistance, but has problems with foamability and ripening property, and has a function similar to that of conventionally used sheet-shaped or plate-shaped polystyrene resin foam or It was difficult to obtain a plate-like foam. Even when the foam sheet was produced, the crystalline polylactic acid resin foam sheet (Patent Documents 2 and 3) was poor in thermoformability.
- the bubble shape with a large apparent density is non-uniform, and the closed cell ratio is low, so that thermoforming is not easy. Furthermore, even if a molded body is obtained, the mechanical strength such as tensile strength and compressive strength is improved. It was something to leave room for.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-322309 [Claims]
- Patent Document 2 JP 2002-3709 [Claims]
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-136259 [Claims]
- the present invention provides a multilayer poly- mer composed of a crystalline polylactic acid-based resin having an excellent appearance, excellent mechanical strength such as tensile strength and compressive strength, and capable of imparting excellent heat resistance.
- Lactic acid-based resin foam, multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam with excellent thermoformability, and multilayer with excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength obtained by heat-treating the above-mentioned multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam It is an object of the present invention to provide a polylactic acid resin foam and a multilayer polylactic acid resin foam molded article.
- the following polylactic acid-based resin foam is provided.
- a multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam characterized by being 3jZg or more.
- X, ⁇ , and ⁇ are average cell diameters in the extrusion direction, width direction, and thickness direction of the foam layer, respectively, and the unit is mm.
- exo The multilayer polylactic acid resin foam according to [1] above, wherein 2 minutes is 15 or more.
- X, ⁇ , and ⁇ are average cell diameters in the extrusion direction, width direction, and thickness direction of the foam layer, respectively, and the unit is mm.
- the heating value ( ⁇ ) obtained by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry (cooling rate: 10 ° CZ) for the foamed layer is 20 to 45 jZg. Multi-layer polylactic acid based resin foam.
- the heating value ( ⁇ ) determined by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry (cooling rate: 10 ° CZ) for the foamed layer is 25 to 40 jZg, as described in [1] above Multi-layer polylactic acid based resin foam.
- thermoplastic resin layer is a polyolefin resin layer.
- thermoplastic resin layer is a polyester resin layer.
- the multilayer polylactic acid resin foam according to any one of the above [1] to [9], wherein the foamed layer of the foam comprises a [glass transition temperature + 5 ° C] or higher and glass transition temperature + 70 ° C or lower, which is a laminate obtained by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry (heating rate 2 of the foamed layer constituting the laminate) The difference between the endothermic amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ) and the calorific value ( ⁇ ⁇ ) ( ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ )
- H endo: 2 / min- ⁇ exo: 2 / min) is 25 jZg or more, and ( ⁇ 5jZg) of the multilayer polylactic acid resin foam before the heat treatment
- the difference between the endothermic amount ( ⁇ endo ⁇ Z minute) and the calorific value ( ⁇ H exo: 2 minutes) obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (heating rate 2 ° CZ minutes) ( ⁇ H endo: 2 minutes) - ⁇ exo: 2 minutes) is a multi-layer polylactic acid-based resin foam molded article characterized by being lOjZg or more.
- a laminate comprising a polylactic acid-based resinous foam layer and a thermoplastic resinous resin layer, the foam shape of the foamed layer satisfies a specific relationship, and has a specific endothermic amount.
- a multilayer polylactic acid resin foam and a multilayer polylactic acid resin foam molded article excellent in mechanical strength such as rigidity and heat resistance are provided.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a DSC curve showing ⁇ : of polylactic acid resin obtained by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry endo: raw.
- FIG. 2 is another explanatory diagram of a DSC curve showing endo: raw ⁇ ⁇ of polylactic acid resin obtained by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry.
- FIG. 3 is a graph for explaining a method for measuring the melt tension of a base resin or foam layer.
- Fig. 4 shows ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ of the foam layer obtained by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry.
- Fig. 5 shows ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ of the foam layer obtained by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry.
- FIG. 5 is another explanatory diagram of the DSC curve showing 23 ⁇ 4 / min H.
- Fig. 6 shows the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ of the foam layer obtained by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry.
- FIG. 5 is still another explanatory diagram of a DSC curve showing 23 ⁇ 4 / min H.
- FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a multilayer foam for illustrating a method of measuring the bubble diameter of the foam layer.
- FIG. 8 (a) to (e) are longitudinal sectional views of multilayer foams, respectively.
- the multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as multilayer foam) is a polylactic acid-based resin foam layer and a thermoplastic resin provided on at least one side of the foam layer.
- the multilayer foam includes a sheet or plate.
- the multilayer foam is mainly used as a container or a packaging material after being secondarily processed by a display material, a display plate, thermoforming or cutting / assembling. Therefore, it can be applied to uses in which polystyrene foamed foam sheets have been used.
- the polylactic acid based foamed resin layer (hereinafter also simply referred to as foam layer) constituting the multilayer foam of the present invention, the main component of the base resin is a polylactic acid based resin.
- the polylactic acid based resin is a polymer having a lactic acid component ratio of 50% by weight or more. Say. These include (1) a polymer of lactic acid, (2) a copolymer of lactic acid and other aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, and (3) lactic acid, an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol, and an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid.
- lactic acid examples include L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid, DL-lactic acid or their cyclic dimer L-lactide, D-lactide, DL-lactide, or a mixture thereof.
- the polylactic acid-based resin used in the present invention preferably has an endotherm ( ⁇ ⁇ ) determined by the following heat flux differential scanning calorimetry of lOjZg or more.
- the upper limit of the endothermic amount ( ⁇ ) of the polylactic acid resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is generally
- Raw lOjZg or higher polylactic acid-based resin, crystalline polylactic acid-based resin, or a mixture of crystalline polylactic acid-based resin and amorphous polylactic acid-based resin also has an endothermic amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ) Is more than lOjZg
- the crystalline polylactic acid-based resin in the present specification refers to the endothermic amount of the above-mentioned polylactic acid-based resin (
- Raw exceeds 2jZg.
- H) is usually 20 to 65 jZg.
- non-crystalline polylactic acid type endo raw
- Fat means the endothermic amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the polylactic acid-based fat
- the polylactic acid-based resin has an endothermic amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of 1 to 4 mg of polylactic acid-based resin.
- Conditioning the specimen and measuring the amount of heat in the DSC curve are as follows: Place the specimen in a DSC apparatus container, heat and melt it to 200 ° C, hold it at that temperature for 10 minutes, and then keep it at 125 ° C for 2 ° CZ min. After cooling at the cooling rate and keeping at that temperature for 120 minutes, after the heat treatment to cool down to 40 ° C at the cooling rate of 2 ° CZ, the melting peak is completed again at the heating rate of 2 ° CZ This is done by obtaining a DSC curve when heating and melting to a temperature approximately 30 ° C higher than the temperature of the hour.
- the endothermic amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the polylactic acid-based resin is the absorption of the DSC curve as shown in FIG.
- the point where the endothermic peak moves away from the low-temperature baseline of the thermal peak is point a
- the point where the endothermic peak returns to the high-temperature baseline is point b
- the line connecting point a and point b is surrounded by the DSC curve.
- the device should be adjusted so that the baseline is as straight as possible, and if the baseline is inevitably curved, the endothermic peak should be separated from the curved low-temperature baseline as shown in Fig. 2.
- Point a is the point where the endothermic peak returns to the curved high-temperature baseline.
- the reason for adopting a 120-minute hold at 125 ° C, a cooling rate of 2 ° CZ and a heating rate of 2 ° CZ as the measurement conditions for the curve is that the crystallization of polylactic acid-based resin specimens has been advanced as much as possible.
- the foamed layer of the present invention comprises polylactic acid-based resin as a main component of the base resin. This is because 100% by weight of the polylactic acid-based resin, or 50% by weight or more and less than 100% by weight of the polylactic acid-based resin and more than 0% by weight and less than 50% by weight of the polylactic acid-based resin. It means that a mixture with a thermoplastic resin other than fat is used as a base resin. That is, in the present invention, a thermoplastic resin other than the above-mentioned polylactic acid-based resin is mixed in the base resin of the foam layer in a proportion of 50% by weight or less within a range where the object and effect of the present invention can be achieved. Can do.
- thermoplastic resin other than the above-mentioned polylactic acid-based resin when a thermoplastic resin other than the above-mentioned polylactic acid-based resin is mixed in the base resin, 70% by weight or more, and further 90% by weight or more in the base resin It is preferable that the above-mentioned polylactic acid-based rosin is contained in a proportion.
- thermoplastic resins other than polylactic acid-based resins include polyethylene-based resins, polypropylene-based resins, polystyrene-based resins, and polyester-based resins. Among them, at least aliphatic ester component units are used. An aliphatic polyester series resin containing 35 mol% is preferred.
- the aliphatic polyester-based resin includes hydroxy acid polycondensates other than the above-mentioned polylactic acid-based resin, ring-opening polymers of latatones such as poly-force prolatatone, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene adipate, poly Butylene Saku Aliphatic polyesters and aliphatic copolyesters such as cynate adipate and aliphatic aromatic copolyesters such as polybutylene adipate terephthalate are included.
- the method for producing the polylactic acid-based coffin for example, a method of direct dehydration polycondensation using lactic acid or a mixture of lactic acid and aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid as a raw material (US Pat. No. 5,310,865) No.), a ring-opening polymerization method for polymerizing a cyclic dimer (lactide) of lactic acid (US Pat. No.
- the foamed layer of the present invention is prepared by supplying the above-mentioned base resin resin mainly composed of polylactic acid-based resin and an air conditioner to the extruder, heating and kneading, and then putting the physical foaming agent in the extruder. It can be obtained by an extrusion foaming method in which the mixture is pressed and kneaded, the resin temperature is adjusted to an appropriate foaming temperature, the die force is extruded and foamed. Examples of the die used for extrusion foaming include an annular die and a saddle die. An annular die is preferable for obtaining a thick foam layer having a low apparent density.
- Extrusion foaming using an annular die yields a foamed body composed of a cylindrical foamed layer. If the foam is taken along the side of the cylindrical cooling device and cut in the extrusion direction, a wide sheet foam is produced. A plate-like foam can be obtained by passing the cylindrical foam between the rolls and fusing the inner surfaces of the cylindrical foam.
- Examples of the foaming agent used in the production of the foam layer include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, normal butane, isobutane, normal pentane, isopentane and hexane, and alicyclic carbons such as cyclopentane and cyclohexane.
- Examples include physical foaming agents such as halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hydrogen, methyl chloride, and ethyl chloride, and inorganic gases such as carbon dioxide. .
- halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hydrogen, methyl chloride, and ethyl chloride
- inorganic gases such as carbon dioxide.
- normal butane, isobutane, and diacid-carbon are preferable.
- foaming agent for obtaining the foamed layer in the present invention.
- physical foaming is used as the foaming agent. It is preferable to use an agent or a physical foaming agent and a chemical foaming agent in combination.
- an inorganic bubble regulator such as talc or silica
- an organic bubble regulator such as calcium stearate
- additives such as a colorant and an antioxidant can be added to the base resin depending on the purpose.
- amorphous polylactic acid resin can provide a foam sheet having a low apparent density by a known extrusion foaming method. Furthermore, since the amorphous polylactic acid foamed sheet is excellent in thermoformability, it is easy to obtain a foamed molded product. However, since amorphous polylactic acid resin rapidly decreases in rigidity when the glass transition temperature is exceeded, the foamed sheet or foamed molded product cannot maintain a certain shape above that temperature. There is no practicality in terms of sex.
- the foam layer constituting the multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam of the present invention preferably has an apparent density of 63 to 63 Okg / m 3 and a thickness of 0.5 to 15 mm.
- the foam layer is particularly excellent in mechanical strength such as bending and compression, heat insulation, buffering and light weight.
- the apparent density of the foam layer is determined from a value obtained by cutting the foam layer from a multilayer foam as a sample and dividing the weight of the sample by the volume of the sample. It should be noted that the foam layer is cut out in as large a range as possible and so that the thickness is substantially the entire thickness of the foam layer.
- the thickness of the foam layer of the multilayer foam of the present invention is 2 in terms of mechanical strength when the multilayer foam is used as a plate-like multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam such as a display board. ⁇ 15 mm, more preferably 2.5 ⁇ : LOmm, particularly preferably 3-8 mm.
- the thickness of the foamed layer is preferably 0.5 to 7 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 5 mm, and particularly preferably 0.7 to 3 mm.
- the thickness of the foamed layer is a value obtained by measuring the thickness of the foamed layer at intervals of 50 mm along the entire width of the multilayer foamed material and calculating the arithmetic average of each measured value.
- the foam layer is made of polylactic acid resin with lojZg or more as the main component, the apparent density is 63 ⁇ 630kgZm 3 and thickness before problems such as heat resistance and thermoformability.
- the upper limit of the melt tension is approximately 40 cN.
- the melt tension of the base resin is reduced by being used for extrusion foaming. Therefore, the melt tension at 190 ° C of the foamed layer obtained by extrusion foaming is smaller than the melt tension of the base resin used to obtain the foamed layer.
- the upper limit of the melt tension of the foam layer is approximately 40 cN.
- the melt tension can be measured with a melt tension tester type II manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Specifically, a melt tension tester having an orifice with an inner diameter of 2.095 mm and a length of 8 mm is used. Set the sample to be 190 ° C, and put a measurement sample that can grind the base resin resin or polylactic acid-based resin foam foam layer into the cylinder, leave it for 5 minutes, and then melt at 190 ° C with the piston speed of lOmmZ.
- the scooping speed is increased until the string-like material hung on the tension detection pulley is cut, and the scissoring speed when the cord-like material is cut: R ( rpm).
- the string-like material is scraped at a constant tearing speed of RX O. 7 (rpm), and the melt tension of the string-like material detected by the detector connected to the tension detection pulley is measured over time. If the graph shows the melt tension on the vertical axis and the time on the horizontal axis, a graph with the amplitude shown in Fig. 3 can be obtained.
- the melt tension in this specification the median value (X) of the amplitude of the portion where the amplitude is stable in Fig. 3 is adopted.
- the melt tension of the string is obtained from the above graph obtained by winding the string at the reeling speed of 500 rpm. It should be noted that unusual amplitude values may be detected in the measurement of melt tension over time, but such unusual amplitude values should be ignored.
- melt flow rate (MFR) of the base resin used to form the foamed layer is from 0.1 to LOgZlO content (provided that JIS K7210-1976 Method A test conditions: temperature 190 ° C, load 21.2 MFR measured by 2N), more preferably 0.1 to 5 gZlO min 0.3 to 3 gZlO min It is even more preferable.
- the base resin used to form the foamed layer of the present invention preferably has a melt tension at 190 ° C of 3 cN or more and an MFR of 0.1 to 10 gZlO.
- a method for obtaining such a polylactic acid-based resin for example, an organic peroxide is added to a polylactic acid-based resin having a melt tension of less than 3 cN (not including 0) and an MFR of 2 to 12 gZlO.
- Reactive micro-crosslinking (gel fraction is substantially 0%) to make modified polylactic acid-based resin
- a method for producing a modified polylactic acid resin by reacting the polylactic acid resin with a high molecular weight agent such as isocyanate, epoxy compound, metal complex, polyvalent carboxylic acid, or a mixture thereof. Etc.
- the organic peroxide to be used has a half-life temperature of 1 minute (an organic acid at a constant temperature).
- the amount of active oxygen that is half of the original value in 1 minute) is higher than the temperature at which the melting temperature of the polylactic acid resin to be modified is 10 ° C lower. desirable.
- the 1-minute half-life temperature is at least 10 ° C lower than the melting temperature of the polylactic acid-based resin, the organic peroxide and the polylactic acid-based resin are mixed uniformly during heating and kneading. Since the organic peroxide is decomposed and the reaction proceeds before it is broken, the reforming effect may be non-uniform. Also
- the one-minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide is significantly higher than the melting temperature of the resin, the reforming reaction is performed at a high temperature or for a long time. For this reason, there is a possibility that the molecular weight of the resin decreases due to thermal decomposition and the physical properties of the foam deteriorate, and further, the foam cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is desirable that the 1 minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide is 20 ° C higher than the melting temperature of polylactic acid-based resin, and not exceed the temperature!
- the melting temperature of the polylactic acid-based resin is a value determined by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry in accordance with JIS K7121-1987. Details of measurement conditions 3 ⁇ 4 JIS K7121 1987, 3. Using test specimens that have been conditioned according to the conditions of condition adjustment (2) of the test piece (however, cooling rate is 10 ° CZ min.) The melting peak is obtained by raising the temperature at, and the temperature at the top of the obtained melting peak is taken as the melting temperature. However, if more than one melting peak force appears, the temperature at the top of the melting peak with the largest area is taken as the melting temperature.
- organic peracids used in the modification of polylactic acid resin include conventionally known various substances such as isobutyl peroxide (85 ° C.), Tamil peroxyneodecanoate (94 ° C), a, ⁇ , monobis (neodecanol baroxy) diisopropylbenzene (82 ° C), ee ⁇ propyl peroxydicarbonate (94 ° C), diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate [88 ° C] ), 1-cyclohexyl 1-methylethylperoxyneodecanoate [94 ° C], 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylperoxyneodecanoate [92 ° C], bis (4 t-butylcyclohexane) Hexyl) peroxydicarbonate [92 ° C], G 2 ethoxyethylbaxy dicarbonate [92 ° C], di (2 ethylhexylperoxy) dicarbon
- dicumyl peroxide is preferred.
- the temperature in brackets immediately after each organic peroxide is the one-minute half-life temperature of each organic peroxide.
- the organic peroxide is used alone or in combination of two or more, and is usually 0.3 to 0.7 parts by weight, preferably 0.4 to 0.6 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the base resin. Partly added to be used.
- the 1-minute half-life temperature of the organic peroxide is 0.1 mlol using a solution that is relatively inert to radicals (for example, benzene, mineral spirits, etc.). It is measured by preparing an organic peroxide solution with a / L concentration, sealing it in a glass tube purged with nitrogen, immersing it in a thermostatic chamber set at a predetermined temperature, and thermally decomposing it.
- a solution that is relatively inert to radicals for example, benzene, mineral spirits, etc.
- the gel fraction is substantially 0%.
- the gel fraction is determined as follows.
- the gel fraction is substantially 0%.
- the gel fraction of the polymer obtained by the above formula is 2% or less (including 0), preferably 0.5% or less (provided that , Including 0.)
- the cell shape satisfies the following formulas (1) to (3). In addition, this bubble shape was measured about the center layer of the foam layer, as will be described later.
- X, ⁇ and ⁇ are the average cell diameters in the extrusion direction (MD direction), width direction (TD direction) and thickness direction of the foam layer, respectively. mm.
- the foam shape is flat, so that the mechanical strength such as rigidity of the foam layer is insufficient.
- the thermoformability of the foamed layer particularly the deep drawability, deteriorates, and a multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam molded body (hereinafter referred to as multilayer foam molded body) obtained by thermoforming. May also be insufficient in mechanical strength.
- ZZX is 1.4 or more and Z or ZZY is 1.7 or more, the dimensional stability becomes insufficient.
- the multilayer foam when the multilayer foam is for thermoforming, there is a possibility that the drawdown during heat forming becomes large and the thermoformability is deteriorated immediately. If Z is 0.05 mm or less, the mechanical strength and thermoformability are insufficient. If Z is 2. Omm or more, the appearance may be poor, the flexibility may be insufficient, and buckling may easily occur when external force is applied. Therefore, since the foam layer having a bubble shape that satisfies the above range is excellent in mechanical strength and thermoformability, the multilayer foam comprising the foam layer and the thermoplastic resin layer further has mechanical strength and thermoformability. In addition, the mechanical strength of the multilayer foamed molding obtained by thermoforming the multilayer foam is further improved.
- ⁇ is 0.05-0.8mm, 0.08-0.6mm, especially 0.1- The power is 0.5mm.
- the center layer includes the center in the thickness direction, from both surfaces of the foam layer. This means a layer that does not include the total thickness of the foam layer up to 10%. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, it is the central portion in the thickness direction of the foam layer that occupies 80% of the total thickness T of the foam layer.
- the average bubble diameters X, Y, and ⁇ are measured as follows.
- MD direction average cell diameter
- Y: mm average cell diameter in the width direction
- Z: mm average cell diameter in the thickness direction
- a microscopic enlarged photograph of the cross section in the thickness direction in the MD direction of the foam layer is obtained, and from the both surfaces of the foam layer based on the obtained photograph, that is, the surface S1 of the foam layer. Or, draw a line from the interface S2 between the foam layer and the resin layer to the position corresponding to the position of 0. IX (total thickness of the foam layer: T), and divide it into bubbles in the surface layer and the center layer. Each bubble present in the middle layer Then, the bubble diameter X in the MD direction and the bubble diameter z in the thickness direction were measured with a caliper as shown in Fig. 7 (a), and the x and z values of each bubble 4 were obtained for each bubble.
- Y is obtained as the average of the techniques, and the value of ⁇ and the value of ⁇ obtained earlier are also obtained as ⁇ .
- the value of ⁇ is converted based on the enlargement ratio in the above photograph to obtain the true average bubble diameter.
- bubbles 4a on the line of 0.1 X (total thickness of the foam layer: ⁇ ) from both surface layers S are excluded from the measurement.
- the measurement range of the bubble diameter based on the magnified photo is taken to be 3 times the foam layer thickness T.
- the bubble diameter ratio and the bubble diameter can be adjusted as follows.
- the bubble diameter ratio zZx can be adjusted by adjusting the take-up speed of the foam layer after extrusion foaming, and the bubble diameter ratio ⁇ is adjusted by the expansion ratio (blow-up ratio) of the foam layer after extrusion foaming. Can be adjusted.
- the closed cell ratio of the foamed layer is preferably 50 to 100%, more preferably 70 to 100%, and more preferably 80 to LOO%.
- the mechanical strength and the secondary foamability at the time of thermoforming are particularly excellent, and the multilayer foam obtained by thermoforming the multilayer foam including the foam layer Even the appearance such as mechanical strength and mold reproducibility of the foamed molded product is excellent.
- the closed cell ratio (%) of the foam layer is based on the procedure C described in ASTM D2856-70 (1976 recertification), and is an air-comparing hydrometer manufactured by Toshiba Beckman Co., Ltd. This is a value calculated from the following equation (7) from the true volume of the test piece measured using Model 930: Vx.
- Closed cell ratio (%) (Vx-W / p) X 100 / (Va-W / p) (7)
- Vx is the true value of the test piece measured by the above method.
- the volume (cm 3 ) corresponds to the sum of the volume of the resin constituting the test piece and the total volume of bubbles in the closed cell portion in the test piece.
- Va, W, in the above formula (7) are as follows.
- the multilayer foam strength should be adjusted so that the length and width are 2.5 cm each. Roll out (thickness is the thickness of the multilayer foam as it is), and use multiple sheets so that the apparent volume is closest to 15 cm 3 .
- the multi-layer foam of the present invention can be made into a multi-layer foam that can obtain a high strength and high heat resistance while ensuring good secondary calorific properties.
- the multilayer foam of the present invention has an endothermic amount ( ⁇ ) determined by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry (heating rate of 2 ° CZ) for the foamed layer.
- the surface of the foamed layer obtained by the extrusion foaming method can be rapidly cooled by blowing air or mist immediately after extrusion to adjust the crystal state of the foamed layer. Is done
- : 23 ⁇ 4% refers to the amount of heat released along with the accelerated crystallization of the specimen by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry at a heating rate of 2 ° CZ.
- a larger value of ⁇ exo: 23 ⁇ 4 / min) means that the crystallization of the foam layer has not progressed.
- the endotherm ( ⁇ H endo ⁇ Z) is the heat of fusion when the crystal of the test piece melts by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry at a heating rate of 2 ° CZ, and the endotherm ( ⁇ It means that the larger the value of endo ⁇ Z), the higher the rigidity and heat resistance as crystallization progresses.
- the difference between the endothermic amount and the exothermic amount ( ⁇ H ⁇ ) is the heat flux
- ( ⁇ ⁇ : 23 ⁇ 4 / ⁇ )-- ⁇ exo: 23 ⁇ 4 / min) is less than 40jZg, which means that the crystallization of the foamed layer is greatly advanced, and secondary properties such as thermoformability It means that it has excellent caking properties, and ( ⁇ endo ⁇ Z portion) is more than lOjZg, the rigidity and heat resistance of the foamed layer will increase as the crystallization progresses through the subsequent heat treatment. It means to be excellent.
- the value of ( ⁇ ) is less than 40 jZg (including 0).
- the endothermic amount ( ⁇ ) is the endothermic amount ( ⁇ )
- endo ⁇ Z min lOjZg or more preferably 20jZg or more, more preferably 25jZg or more, particularly preferably 30jZg or more. If the endothermic amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the foam layer is too small,
- the upper limit of the endothermic amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the foam layer is particularly limited.
- the calorific value ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ) is 3 jZg or more, preferably 5 jZg or more, more preferably 15 jZg or more, and particularly preferably 20 jZg or more. If the heating value ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the foam layer is too small, the resulting multilayer foam
- the heating value of the foam layer ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- the upper limit of) is not particularly limited, but is generally 65 jZg. Of course, the calorific value ( ⁇ H) does not exceed the endothermic amount ( ⁇ H)! /.
- exothermic amount ( ⁇ H) and endothermic amount ( ⁇ H) of the foam layer is measured by foaming exo: 2 minutes endo: 2 minutes
- the calorific value ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the foam layer is determined from the baseline on the low temperature side of the exothermic peak of the DSC curve.
- Point C is the point where the exothermic peak leaves
- point d is the point where the exothermic peak returns to the high-temperature baseline.
- the endothermic amount ( ⁇ H) of the foam layer is the low temperature side of the endothermic peak of the DSC curve.
- the apparatus is adjusted so that the baseline in the DSC curve is as straight as possible. Also, if the baseline is inevitably curved, point c is the point where the curved low-temperature baseline force exothermic peak leaves, point d is the point where the heating peak returns to the curved high-temperature baseline, or Point e is the point where the endothermic peak moves away from the curved low-temperature baseline, and point f is the point where the endothermic peak returns to the curved high-temperature baseline.
- the area force of the part surrounded by the DSC curve and the straight line connecting point e and point f determined as follows: Obtain the endothermic amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the foam layer. In the case shown in Fig. 5, the above method is used.
- the area ⁇ is defined as a point c where the low-temperature baseline force of the first exothermic peak is separated from the exothermic peak, a point d where the first exothermic peak returns to the high-temperature baseline, and a point c.
- the area A is the area surrounded by the line connecting the point d and the DSC curve.
- the area B is defined as a point g where the second exothermic peak is separated from the low temperature side baseline of the second exothermic peak, and a point f where the endothermic peak returns to the high temperature side baseline.
- the point of intersection between the straight line connecting point f and the DSC curve is defined as point e
- the area B of the part surrounded by the straight line connecting point g and point e and the DSC curve is defined as point B.
- the endothermic amount ( ⁇ H) of the foamed layer is the area between the line connecting point e and point f and the DSC curve. The value obtained from the area.
- the calorific value ( ⁇ H) determined by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry at a cooling rate of 10 ° CZ of the foam layer is 20 to
- the endothermic amount ( ⁇ H) is within the above range, the time required for crystallization of the resulting multilayer foam by heat treatment in a subsequent process can be shortened, and a multilayer foam excellent in heat resistance can be efficiently obtained. Obtainable. Furthermore, there is no possibility that the secondary processability, thermoformability, particularly deep drawability, of the multilayer foam will deteriorate.
- the calorific value ( ⁇ H) of 20 to 45 jZg means that the foamed layer in a state of low crystallinity in which the crystallization speed is neither too fast nor too slow. This means that it has an optimum crystallization rate suitable for both production of a multi-layer foam having high crystallinity in the subsequent heat treatment.
- the cooling rate is slow, such as 2 ° CZ!
- the heat flux differential scanning calorimetry under the conditions shows that the crystallization rate is slow, even for foamed layers made of polylactic acid-based resin. The measurement promotes crystallization and confirms a clear exothermic peak.
- Foamed layer with 103 ⁇ 4 / min of 20-45jZg can be said to be rapidly crystallized by heat treatment in the subsequent process, so it is especially excellent in productivity of multilayer foam with excellent heat resistance. It is.
- the calorific value ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the foamed layer was measured from 1 to 4 mg of the foamed layer force cut out.
- test piece was used as a test piece, and the condition of the test piece and the calorific value on the DSC curve were measured according to the heat flux differential running calorimetry described in JIS K7122-1987, except for the following procedure. Value.
- Conditioning the test piece and measuring the calorific value in the DSC curve are as follows: Place the test piece in a DSC apparatus container, heat and melt to 200 ° C, hold at that temperature for 10 minutes, then 10 ° C to 10 ° C This is done by obtaining a DSC curve when cooling at the cooling rate.
- the calorific value ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the foam layer is not particularly shown, but the calorific value of the DSC curve is not shown.
- the point where the exothermic peak moves away from the peak force on the high temperature side of the peak is point h
- the point where the exothermic peak returns to the low temperature base line is point i
- the line connecting point h and point i is surrounded by the DSC curve.
- the area force of the portion to be obtained is also obtained. It should be noted that the device should be adjusted so that the baseline is as straight as possible, and if the baseline is inevitably curved, the point where the baseline heat generation peak at the curved high temperature side is separated is indicated by point h. Point i is the point where the exothermic peak returns to the base line.
- a foamed layer for example, a polylactic acid-based resin modified with the above-described organic peroxide or the like is used as a base resin. It can be obtained by extrusion foaming. Furthermore, by using 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of inorganic material such as talc as the base resin for 100 parts by weight of the modified polylactic acid resin, the crystallization speed is further increased. To obtain a foamed layer having a larger calorific value ( ⁇ ⁇ ).
- thermoplastic resin layer that is laminated and adhered to the foamed layer will be described.
- thermoplastic resin layer constituting the multilayer foam of the present invention is provided on one side of the above-mentioned foam layer (FIG. 8 (a)), It may be provided on both sides (Fig. 8 (b)).
- the resin layer may be provided directly on the foam layer (FIGS. 8 (a) and (b)) or may be provided via an adhesive layer (FIG. 8 (c) and ( d)). In this case, even if the resin layer is provided on one side of the foam layer via the adhesive layer (FIG. 8 (c)), the foam layer is interposed via the adhesive layer. It may be provided on both sides of the layer (Fig. 8 (d)).
- different types of resin layers may be provided on both sides of the foam layer. For example, one resin layer may be provided directly on the foam layer, and the other resin layer may be provided via an adhesive layer. Figure 8 (e)).
- the thickness of the resin layer is not particularly limited, but 0.5 to 500 ⁇ m is preferable, and 5 to 300 ⁇ m force is more preferably 15 to 180 / ⁇ ⁇ .
- the thickness of the resin layer is the total thickness of the adhesive layer and the resin layer.
- the total thickness of each resin layer that is, the thickness of the multilayer resin layer.
- the multilayer resin layer is laminated
- the resin constituting the thermoplastic resin layer of the present invention includes a polyolefin resin, a polyester resin, a polystyrene resin, a polyamide resin such as nylon 6 and nylon 6, 6 and the like.
- examples thereof include polyacrylic resins such as methyl methacrylate and polyacrylate, polycarbonate resins, and mixtures thereof.
- polystyrene resin examples include low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene acetate butyl copolymer, and ethylene-ethylene copolymer.
- Methyl methacrylate copolymer ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer polyethylene-based resin such as ethylene ionomer-based resin cross-linked with metal ions, propylene homopolymer, propylene-ethylene copolymer, propylene- Polypropylene resin such as butene copolymer, propylene ethylene-butene terpolymer, propylene acrylic acid copolymer, propylene maleic anhydride copolymer and the like can be mentioned.
- a graft-modified polyolefin resin obtained by impregnating the polyolefin resin with a butyl monomer such as styrene and graft polymerization can also be used.
- polystyrene-based resin examples include polystyrene, high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), styrene-based elastomer, and the like.
- polyester-based resin examples include aliphatic polyesters and aliphatic aromatic polyesters. And aromatic polyester.
- aliphatic polyester examples include biodegradable aliphatic polyesters such as polybutylene succinate, polybutylene adipate, and polybutylene succinate adipate, which are mainly produced by a polycondensation method of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component.
- biodegradable aliphatic polyesters such as polybutylene succinate, polybutylene adipate, and polybutylene succinate adipate, which are mainly produced by a polycondensation method of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component.
- polylactic acid-based rosin used for the foam layer.
- aromatic polyester-based resin examples include those produced by a polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component, a polyester polymer, and a transesterification reaction of Z or a polyester copolymer.
- Examples of the aliphatic aromatic polyester-based resin include those produced by polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component, a polyester polymer, and an ester exchange reaction of Z or a polyester copolymer.
- Specific examples include polybutylene succinate terephthalate, polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polybutylene succinate adipate terephthalate, and the like.
- thermoplastic resin layer there are no restrictions on the method of laminating the thermoplastic resin layer to the foamed layer, and methods such as adhesion using an adhesive, thermal bonding, coextrusion, and extrusion lamination of a molten resin are appropriately employed.
- the resin layer of the present invention is not limited to a single layer, and each of the thermoplastic resins may be formed in multiple layers.
- thermoplastic resin film When a thermoplastic resin film is laminated on the foam layer as the resin layer, examples of the film include a stretched or non-stretched film.
- the thermoplastic resin film is preferably a laminated film including a base material layer and a heat seal layer, and the heat seal layer is at least one outermost layer, and the base material layer is made of polylactic acid based resin. It is preferable to use a biaxially stretched film and a laminated film consisting of a film in which the heat seal layer has a mass ratio of polylactic acid-based rosin and aliphatic aromatic polyester of 90Z10 to 0/100! /, .
- thermoplastic resin a mixture of polylactic acid resin and thermoplastic resin is preferable as the thermoplastic resin.
- examples thereof include those similar to the thermoplastic resin constituting the resin layer to be laminated.
- Copolymerization of one or two or more selected acid anhydrides such as acetic anhydride, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, acrylic acid, etc.
- Preferable examples also include a carboxylic acid-modified polyolefin polymer and a mixture of these with the thermoplastic resin and the polylactic acid resin.
- an additive that acts as a compatibilizing component or an elastic component to the mixture.
- the additive acting as a compatibilizing component and an elastic component include styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer, styrene isoprene styrene block copolymer, and thermoplastic elastomers such as hydrogenated products thereof.
- the glass transition temperature of the polylactic acid-based resin constituting the foamed layer is higher than the glass transition temperature, preferably [glass transition temperature + 5 ° C] or higher.
- Heat resistance can be improved by heat treatment under a temperature condition of 30 ° C. or lower to promote crystallization.
- calorific value ( ⁇ ) 2 5jZg obtained by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry at a cooling rate of 10 ° CZ
- the multi-layer foam of the present invention having the ratio of 1 has a high crystallization rate, it has sufficiently high heat resistance in a short time.
- the upper limit of the treatment temperature is naturally lower than the melting temperature of the polylactic acid-based resin constituting the foam layer, but if it is lower than the melting temperature, The above-mentioned treatment temperature is preferred from the viewpoint that the high crystallization speed of the system resin can not be expected, and from the viewpoint of maintaining the shape of the foam.
- the treatment time at the treatment temperature can be appropriately adjusted according to the crystallinity and heat resistance of the target multilayer foam.
- the glass transition temperature is a value determined as the midpoint glass transition temperature of the DSC curve obtained by differential thermal calorimetry of heat flux according to measurement of IS K7121 (1987).
- Specimen for determining glass transition temperature In the case of measuring glass transition temperature after performing a certain heat treatment described in 3. Preparation of specimen (3) in ⁇ O IS K7121 (1987) Place the test piece in a DSC apparatus container in accordance with the temperature, raise the temperature to 200 ° C in 10 ° CZ minutes, heat and dissolve, hold at that temperature for 10 minutes, and then, from 200 ° C to 50 ° C, 40 ° Cooled in CZ minutes and 50 ° C force adjusted to 0 ° C in 30 ° CZ minutes. Specimen. In the measurement of the glass transition temperature, the special cooling conditions from 200 ° C to 0 ° C are the conditions adopted to stabilize the baseline of the DSC curve.
- the above processing temperature is set in the molding die simultaneously with the molding.
- maintain is mentioned.
- ⁇ : 23 ⁇ 4 / ⁇ )- ⁇ : 23 ⁇ 4 / min ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ : 23 ⁇ 4 / min ⁇ ) is lOjZg or more, preferably 15jZg or more, more preferably 20jZg or more
- it is 25 jZg or more, most preferably 30 jZg or more, and ( ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ ) of the multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam before the heat treatment.
- ⁇ ⁇ The upper limit of the value of ⁇ ⁇ is not particularly limited, but is approximately 65jZg.
- ⁇ H 23 ⁇ 4 / min.
- the multilayer foam of the present invention is preferably used for thermoforming.
- a multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam molded article that can be obtained by thermoforming the multilayer foam of the present invention will be described.
- the multilayer polylactic acid-based resin foam molded article of the present invention is a multilayer foam molded article obtained by thermoforming a multilayer foam having a resin layer on at least one surface of the foamed layer.
- the heat absorption amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ) and the calorific value ( ⁇ ) obtained by differential scanning calorimetry of heat flux at a heating rate of 2 ° CZ! Difference ( ⁇
- endo: 2 / min exo: 2 / min endo: 2 ° 0 / min- ⁇ : 23 ⁇ 4 ⁇ min) is lOjZg or more, preferably 15jZg or more, more preferably 20jZg or more, particularly preferably 25jZg or more, most preferably 30jZg or more
- the crystallization is sufficiently advanced, and the rigidity and heat resistance are particularly excellent.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is generally 65 jZg.
- the value of ⁇ e is
- the heat resistance of the present invention is high! The calorific value ( ⁇ ) and the endothermic amount ( ⁇
- the heat flux differential scanning calorimetry of the calorific value ( ⁇ ) and the endothermic amount ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ) of the multilayer foam before the heat treatment was used except that the l-4mg foam layer was used as a test piece.
- the multilayer foam molded article of the present invention can be obtained by thermoforming a multilayer foam and further heat-treating it.
- Multi-layer foam is mainly molded into trays, cups, bowls, lunch boxes, etc.
- thermoforming a multi-layer foam in which a resin layer is provided only on one side it is normal to mold the container such as cups and bags so that the resin layer is on the outer surface side, such as a tray.
- the container is molded so that the resin layer is on the inner surface side.
- the multilayer foamed molded product of the present invention may have a resin layer formed on either the inner surface or the outer surface, V, or formed on both sides! ! /.
- the multilayer foam molded article of the present invention is, for example, the above-mentioned heat-treated! / ,! after molding the multilayer foam, in a mold provided in the same mold as or separately from the mold for molding. Is obtained under the heat treatment conditions.
- a condition for heat-treating the molded body in the mold it is preferable to adjust the temperature of the mold to 80 to 130 ° C, and more preferably 90 to 120 ° C. Is preferably held for 10 to 90 seconds, and further for 10 to 60 seconds. If the temperature of the heat treatment for promoting crystallization is too low, it takes a long time to crystallize sufficiently and the productivity may be poor. On the other hand, if the temperature is too high, the strength of the multilayer foamed molded product after force release may be lowered if it is difficult to crystallize sufficiently.
- the multilayer foam molded article of the present invention is about 60 to 80 ° C., which is higher than the glass transition temperature of the polylactic acid-based resin after thermoforming the above-mentioned multilayer foam that has not been heat-treated. It can also be obtained by curing the molded body in this atmosphere, preferably for 0.5 hour or longer, more preferably for 1 hour or longer. There is no upper limit for the curing time in this case, but it is generally within 36 hours from the viewpoint of productivity.
- the foamed layer of the multi-layered foam can be deep-drawn by heating to near the glass transition temperature of the polylactic acid-based resin during thermoforming by keeping the crystallinity low. Good moldability will be exhibited, and the appearance of the resulting multilayer foamed molded article will also be good.
- the foamed layer of the multilayer foam molded article of the present invention is crystallized by heat treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature of the polylactic acid-based resin as described above at the same time as thermoforming of the multilayer foam or after thermoforming. It is a product that has advanced heat resistance.
- the calorific value ( ⁇ H) obtained by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry at a cooling rate of 10 ° CZ is 2
- the multilayer foam of the present invention which is 0 to 45 jZg, is a short-time heat treatment method that promotes crystallization with a mold that is the same as or separate from the molding mold for promoting crystallization after the aforementioned thermoforming.
- Highly heat-resistant and a multilayer foamed molded product can be preferably used for a display board, a core material, a curing material, an assembly box material, and the like, and the heat resistance of the present invention.
- the multi-layer foam molded products can be preferably used as food packaging containers such as lunch boxes, cup bowl containers, fruit containers and vegetable containers, precision equipment, and buffer packaging containers for electrical products. .
- polylactic acid-based fats A to D used in Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.
- Polylactic acid based resins A and B were produced using a twin screw extruder with an inner diameter of 47 mm as follows. Crystalline polylactic acid resin H-100 (density: 1260 kgZm 3 , manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd.) Amount of heat ( ⁇ ⁇ ): 49j / g) 100 parts by weight and the amount of peroxide shown in Table 1 (DCP: dicumylper endo: row
- Oxide is supplied to a twin-screw extruder, heated to a temperature at which the resin is sufficiently melted, melt kneaded, adjusted to a temperature of 215 ° C., and extruded into a strand.
- the extruded product was cooled by immersing it in water at about 25 ° C., and then cut into pellets to obtain polylactic acid based resins A and B.
- Table 1 shows the physical properties of polylactic acid-based rosins A and B.
- polylactic acid resin C crystalline polylactic acid resin H-100 was used, and as the polylactic acid resin D, amorphous polylactic acid H-280 manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd. was used. Table 2 shows the physical properties of polylactic acid resin C and D.
- a foam layer was produced as follows.
- the type and amount of the foaming agent shown in Table 3 are the first.
- a melt-kneaded product was obtained by press-fitting into an extruder and kneading.
- the melt-kneaded product is cooled in a second extruder connected to the first extruder, and the temperature of the resin is adjusted to 171 ° C, and then a cylindrical slit having a diameter of 135 mm and a slit interval of 0.5 mm is provided.
- Annular die force Extruded and foamed in a cylindrical shape under a blow-up ratio of 2.5.
- this cylindrical foam it was taken out at a take-up speed of 5.
- OmZmin and cut in the extrusion direction to obtain a foamed layer (foamed sheet).
- Example 1 except that polylactic acid-based resin B was used in place of polylactic acid-based resin A, that the amount of cell regulator shown in Table 3 was used, and that the resin temperature was adjusted to 169 ° C. In the same manner as above, a molten mixture for a foam layer was obtained. At the same time, the resin C was supplied to another extruder and heated, melted and kneaded to obtain a molten mixture for the resin layer.
- the above-mentioned molten mixture for the foam layer and the molten mixture for the resin layer are supplied to a co-extrusion annular die having a cylindrical slit having a diameter of 135 mm and a slit interval of 0.5 mm, and the outside of the flow of the foam layer melt mixture is filtered.
- the molten mixture for the fat layer was stirred so as to flow, and co-extruded under the condition of an annular die force blow-up ratio of 2.5 to foam the molten mixture for the foam layer into a cylindrical shape.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Table 3 shows the evaluation of moldability and the evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded product.
- a molten mixture for the foam layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the amount of the air conditioner shown in Table 3 was used.
- a molten mixture for the resin layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2.
- the foam layer melt mixture and the resin layer melt mixture are fed to an annular die for coextrusion having a cylindrical slit having a diameter of 135 mm and a slit interval of 0.5 mm, and the outside of the flow of the foam layer melt mixture and
- the molten mixture for the resin layer was allowed to flow inside, and the annular die force for coextrusion was also coextruded under the condition of a blow-up ratio of 2.5 to foam the molten mixture for the foam layer into a cylindrical shape.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Table 3 shows the evaluation of moldability and the evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded product.
- a foam layer was produced as follows.
- the type and amount of the foaming agent shown in Table 3 are the first.
- a melt-kneaded product was obtained by press-fitting into an extruder and kneading.
- the melted and kneaded product is cooled in a second extruder connected to the first extruder, and the temperature of the resin is adjusted to 169 ° C, and then a cylindrical slit having a diameter of 135 mm and a slit interval of 0.5 mm is provided.
- the resin obtained as a resin layer is supplied with resin C to the extruder, heated, melted and kneaded.
- a multi-layer foam was obtained by extruding and laminating the product by adjusting the T die force and the resin temperature to 190 ° C. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the obtained multilayer foam.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Molding Table 3 shows the evaluation of the properties and evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded article.
- a foam layer was produced as follows.
- the type and amount of the foaming agent shown in Table 3 are the first.
- a melt-kneaded product was obtained by press-fitting into an extruder and kneading.
- the melt-kneaded product was cooled in a second extruder connected to the first extruder, and the resin temperature was adjusted to 169 ° C. to obtain a melt-kneaded product for a foam layer.
- polypropylene homopolymer (Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd .: J900GP) and resin C were supplied at a weight ratio of 50Z50, and heated, melted and kneaded to obtain a molten mixture for the adhesive layer.
- a polypropylene homopolymer (manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd .: J90 0GP) was supplied to another extruder and heated, melted and kneaded to obtain a melt for the resin layer.
- the foamed layer melt mixture, the adhesive layer melt mixture and the resin layer melt are supplied to an annular die for coextrusion having a cylindrical slit having a diameter of 110 mm and a slit interval of 0.5 mm.
- the foamed layer is formed into a cylindrical shape under the conditions of a blow-up ratio of 3.3 by coextrusion of the annular die force so that a molten mixture for the foam layer, a melt mixture for the adhesive layer, and a melt for the resin layer are flowed sequentially.
- the molten mixture for use was foamed. Next, while cooling this multilayer cylindrical foam, it was taken out at a take-up speed of 7. OmZmin and cut in the extrusion direction to obtain a multilayer foam.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Table 3 shows the evaluation of moldability and the evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded product.
- Example 6 Using a tandem type extruder in which a first extruder having an inner diameter of 90 mm and a second extruder having an inner diameter of 120 mm were connected, a foam layer was produced as follows.
- the type and amount of the foaming agent shown in Table 3 are the first.
- a melt-kneaded product was obtained by press-fitting into an extruder and kneading.
- the melt-kneaded product is cooled in a second extruder connected to the first extruder, and the temperature of the resin is adjusted to 170 ° C, and then a cylindrical slit having a diameter of 135 mm and a slit interval of 0.5 mm is provided.
- Annular die force Extruded and foamed in a cylindrical shape under a blow-up ratio of 2.5.
- this cylindrical foam it was taken out at a take-up speed of 4.3 mZmin and cut in the extrusion direction to obtain a foamed layer (foamed sheet).
- a polyethylene terephthalate-based copolymer manufactured by Eastman Chemical: PETG6763
- PETG6763 ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive
- Multilayer foam is obtained by laminating the unstretched multilayer film (total thickness 40 m, adhesive layer thickness 10 m) using a 210 ° C hot roll so that the adhesive layer is on the foam layer side. Obtained.
- Table 3 shows the physical properties of the resulting multilayer foam.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Table 3 shows the evaluation of moldability and the evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded product.
- Example 2 The same as in Example 2 except that the amount of foaming agent added and the amount of bubble regulator added were as shown in Table 3, the take-up speed of the multilayer cylindrical foam was 2.6 mZmin, and the blow-up ratio was 2.3. A multilayer foam was obtained. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the resulting multilayer foam.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Molding Table 3 shows the evaluation of the properties and evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded article.
- a molten mixture for the foamed layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the resin A was used in place of the resin B, and the types and amounts of the foaming agent and the air conditioner shown in Table 3 were used.
- the resin C was supplied to another extruder and heated, melted and kneaded to obtain a molten mixture for the resin layer.
- the molten mixture and the molten mixture for the resin layer are supplied to an annular die for coextrusion having a cylindrical gap having a diameter of 110 mm and a slit interval of 0.5 mm, and the outer side of the flow of the molten mixture is the molten mixture for the resin layer.
- the molten mixture for the foam layer was foamed in a cylindrical shape under the condition of a blow-up ratio of 3.3.
- the multi-layer cylindrical foam is passed between rolls to heat-bond the inner surfaces of the cylindrical foam.
- Take-up speed was taken at 2.5 mZmin and cut in the width direction to obtain a plate-like multilayer foam.
- Table 3 shows the physical properties of the obtained multilayer foam.
- Multi-layer foam has uniform surface gloss, excellent appearance, and heat resistance! Even after heating for 5 minutes in an oven at 90 ° C, it exhibits excellent properties without deformation. It was. Furthermore, even when the multi-layer foam strength was 120cm in length and 50cm in width, a plate-shaped test piece was cut out and both ends in the length direction were supported by the bottom surface force (distance between fulcrums 110cm), it was excellent with almost no stagnation due to its own weight. It had mechanical strength.
- a foam layer was produced as follows.
- the polylactic acid-based resin B and the type and amount of the air conditioner shown in Table 4 are supplied to the first extruder, heated and melt-kneaded, and then the type and amount of the foaming agent shown in Table 4 are added to the first.
- a melt-kneaded product was obtained by press-fitting into an extruder and kneading.
- the melted and kneaded product is cooled in a second extruder connected to the first extruder, and the temperature of the resin is adjusted to 169 ° C, and then a cylindrical slit having a diameter of 135 mm and a slit interval of 0.5 mm is provided.
- Annular die force Extrude and blow-up ratio 2 It was foamed into a cylindrical shape under the condition of 5. Next, while cooling this cylindrical foam, it was taken out at a take-up speed of 4.2 mZmin, and cut in the extrusion direction to obtain a foam sheet.
- the obtained foamed sheet was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a molded body.
- Table 4 shows the evaluation of moldability and the evaluation of the obtained molded body.
- polylactic acid-based resin B instead of polylactic acid-based resin B, a mixture of 25 parts by weight of polylactic acid-based resin A and 75 parts by weight of polylactic acid-based resin was used, and the type, amount of foaming agent and bubble regulator shown in Table 4 were used. As a result, a foamed layer (foamed sheet) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin temperature was adjusted to 167 ° C.
- Example 4 shows the results of evaluating the obtained multilayer foam in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Table 4 shows the evaluation of moldability and the evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded product.
- a multilayer foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the take-up speed of the cylindrical foam was 9. Om / min and the blow-up ratio was 3.7. Table 4 shows the physical properties of the resulting multilayer foam.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Table 4 shows the evaluation of moldability and the evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded product.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Table 4 shows the evaluation of moldability and the evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded product.
- Example 2 with the exception that the type and amount of foaming agent and the amount of bubble regulator were as shown in Table 4, except that the take-up speed of the multilayer cylindrical foam was 2.5 mZmin and the blow-up ratio was 2.3. In the same manner, a multilayer foam was obtained. Table 4 shows the physical properties of the resulting multilayer foam.
- the obtained multilayer foam was thermoformed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer foam molded article.
- Table 4 shows the evaluation of moldability and the evaluation of the obtained multilayer foamed molded product.
- n-butane represents normal butane and i-butane represents isobutane.
- weight is a value relative to 100 parts by weight of the base resin.
- N-butane represents normal butane and i-butane represents isobutane.
- parts by weight I is a value relative to 100 parts by weight of the base resin.
- the molded product has a large sag.
- the thickness and cracks of the molded body were evaluated according to the following criteria.
- the thickness of the molded product is uniform, and no cracks have occurred on the inner or outer wall of the molded product.
- the thickness of the molded product is not uniform, but there are no cracks on the inner or outer wall of the molded product.
- Hot water was poured into the molded body container, hot water was poured after 5 minutes, and the appearance of the molded body was confirmed visually, and the following evaluation was performed.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/663,630 US7901764B2 (en) | 2004-10-04 | 2005-09-30 | Multi-layered polylactic acid resin foamed body and multi-layered polylactic acid resin foamed molded article |
CN2005800336153A CN101035677B (zh) | 2004-10-04 | 2005-09-30 | 热成型用多层聚乳酸系树脂挤出发泡体和多层聚乳酸系树脂发泡成型体 |
AT05787777T ATE532628T1 (de) | 2004-10-04 | 2005-09-30 | Mehrlagiger schaumstoff aus polymilchsäureharz und mehrlagiges geschäumtes formteil aus polymilchsäureharz |
EP20050787777 EP1798029B1 (en) | 2004-10-04 | 2005-09-30 | Multilayered foam of polylactic acid resin and multilayered foamed molding of polylactic acid resin |
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JP2004-291401 | 2004-10-04 | ||
JP2004291401A JP4446385B2 (ja) | 2004-10-04 | 2004-10-04 | 熱成形用多層ポリ乳酸系樹脂発泡体 |
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WO2006038548A1 true WO2006038548A1 (ja) | 2006-04-13 |
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US (1) | US7901764B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1798029B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4446385B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101035677B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE532628T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006038548A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1798029B1 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
JP4446385B2 (ja) | 2010-04-07 |
US20100028654A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
EP1798029A4 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
CN101035677A (zh) | 2007-09-12 |
CN101035677B (zh) | 2011-03-16 |
ATE532628T1 (de) | 2011-11-15 |
EP1798029A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
JP2006103098A (ja) | 2006-04-20 |
US7901764B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 |
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