WO2005111924A1 - Mobile data carrier or read-write unit comprising an antenna array having adjustable characteristics, and associated transport device - Google Patents

Mobile data carrier or read-write unit comprising an antenna array having adjustable characteristics, and associated transport device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005111924A1
WO2005111924A1 PCT/EP2005/052152 EP2005052152W WO2005111924A1 WO 2005111924 A1 WO2005111924 A1 WO 2005111924A1 EP 2005052152 W EP2005052152 W EP 2005052152W WO 2005111924 A1 WO2005111924 A1 WO 2005111924A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
read
mobile data
antenna arrangement
data carrier
write device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/052152
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Olaf Albert
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2005111924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005111924A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07766—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card comprising at least a second communication arrangement in addition to a first non-contact communication arrangement
    • G06K19/07767—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card comprising at least a second communication arrangement in addition to a first non-contact communication arrangement the first and second communication means being two different antennas types, e.g. dipole and coil type, or two antennas of the same kind but operating at different frequencies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10019—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers.
    • G06K7/10079—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. the collision being resolved in the spatial domain, e.g. temporary shields for blindfolding the interrogator in specific directions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
    • G06K7/10346—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers the antenna being of the far field type, e.g. HF types or dipoles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
    • G06K7/10356—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers using a plurality of antennas, e.g. configurations including means to resolve interference between the plurality of antennas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10366—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications
    • G06K7/10415—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being fixed in its position, such as an access control device for reading wireless access cards, or a wireless ATM
    • G06K7/10425—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being fixed in its position, such as an access control device for reading wireless access cards, or a wireless ATM the interrogation device being arranged for interrogation of record carriers passing by the interrogation device
    • G06K7/10435—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being fixed in its position, such as an access control device for reading wireless access cards, or a wireless ATM the interrogation device being arranged for interrogation of record carriers passing by the interrogation device the interrogation device being positioned close to a conveyor belt or the like on which moving record carriers are passing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile data carrier with an antenna arrangement for contactless exchange of data.
  • the invention also relates to a read / write device with an antenna arrangement for contactless
  • the invention relates to a transport device for goods with at least one mobile data carrier or at least one read / write device.
  • Mobile data carriers and read / write devices are used in particular in identification systems. These can advantageously be used, for example, to track the flow of goods and goods.
  • the continuous body-in-white can be provided with mobile data carriers.
  • the current content of the assigned mobile data carrier is read in a contactless manner by a read / write device placed there. This makes it possible, for example, to carry out individual processing operations that exclusively concern the body shell in question. After completion of these processing operations, the data content of the assigned mobile data carrier is updated by the local read / write device and the body-in-white is transported to a further production station.
  • piece goods for example parcels, pieces of luggage, transport units for body shells and much more
  • Data can be stored in it, which describes, for example, the type and destination of the individual piece goods. If such piece goods pass through a distribution system, for example, this data can be recorded at certain points in the system by read / write devices placed there.
  • individual transport devices in the distribution system eg conveyor belts.
  • the individual piece goods can now be separated so that they reach the desired transport destination within the distribution system or can be reached with the aid of intermediary additional means of transport, such as vehicles.
  • the transmission ratios for each individual read / write device can e.g. can be improved by a placement on the edge of the transport device that is optimized by means of manual adjustment.
  • this is very complex and not always possible, especially when difficult mounting conditions exist in the interior of a complex distribution system or a production plant.
  • the object is achieved by the mobile data carrier specified in claim 1.
  • This has an antenna arrangement for the contactless exchange of data, in particular with a read / write device.
  • means are available for setting a selected characteristic of the antenna arrangement of the mobile data carrier.
  • the read / write device specified in claim 6 also has an antenna arrangement for contactless exchange of data, in particular with a mobile data carrier. According to the invention, there are also means for setting a selected characteristic of the antenna arrangement of the read / write device.
  • the advantage of the invention is that for all mobile data carriers used, for example, in an identification system, the cha- characteristics of the antenna arrangement can be optimally preset. This setting can preferably be carried out uniformly for all available mobile data carriers, for example in a packaging or machine setup area. Interventions in the ongoing operation of a system are therefore no longer necessary. This particularly applies to the read / write devices of an identification system.
  • the characteristics of their antenna arrangement can also be optimally adjusted with the aid of the invention, depending on the conditions in the respective system, before the read / write devices of a system are placed in the field and put into operation there.
  • the means set the characteristic such that the respective antenna arrangement has a directional diagram with at least one intensity maximum of the received field strength.
  • These intensity maxima can then be set, in particular in the case of mobile data carriers, in such a way that the directional diagrams refer to the marginal e.g. read / write devices placed in a transport device are focused.
  • Read-write devices run in the direction of a main axis of the antenna arrangement. If, with this setting, the mobile data carriers are mounted on metallic frames, for example, which are moved as transport units for goods by a transport unit, the directional diagram of the antenna in this case has a forward-facing lobe-shaped characteristic. Each mobile data carrier therefore has an intensity maximum of the received field strength which is advantageously oriented in the direction of movement or on one side of the transport unit. This is particularly the case if the read / write devices of an identification system are all uniform on a specific side of the transport unit placed, it is possible to clearly cover them with the reception field strength lobes of the mobile data carriers. The optimal conditions for a trouble-free data transmission between the mobile data carriers and the read / write devices are then set even in a fast-running system.
  • the intensity maxima of the directional diagrams in the mobile data carriers or in the read / write devices can also be set so that they run orthogonally to a main axis of the antenna arrangement.
  • the mobile data carriers e.g. are mounted on metallic racks, which move the goods as transport units in a transport device, so in this case a double lobe-shaped characteristic that is oriented on both sides of the transport unit occurs in the direction of movement in each mobile data carrier.
  • the directional diagrams thus have two intensity maxima of the reception field strength that are angled to the right and left. This arrangement is particularly advantageous if the
  • Read-write devices of an identification system are alternately placed on one and the other side of the transport device. This makes it possible to ensure that the transport units conveyed on it are clearly covered with the right-hand or left-hand "partial lobe" of the reception field strength. In this case, too, optimal conditions are set for data transmission between the mobile data carriers and the read / write devices to be as trouble-free as possible, even with a fast-running system.
  • the means for setting a selected characteristic of the antenna arrangement are advantageously in the form of a phase shifter circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of an exemplary transport device for goods equipped with mobile data carriers, the directional diagram of the antenna characteristics of the mobile data carriers being set such that a forward-looking intensity maximum occurs for the reception field strength,
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a second exemplary transport device, the directional diagram of the antenna characteristics of the mobile data carriers being set such that two intensity maxima for the reception field strength occur on both sides of the direction of movement,
  • FIG. 3 shows the block diagram of an exemplary phase shifter circuit for setting the directional diagrams of the antenna characteristics of mobile data carriers or read / write devices
  • FIG. 4 exemplifies the formation of a directional diagram for the antenna characteristic according to the example of FIGS. 1, and
  • FIG. 5 exemplarily illustrates the formation of a directional diagram for the antenna characteristic according to the example from FIG. 2.
  • a section of a transport device 10 or 20 for goods is shown as an example. in this connection can each be a conveyor belt, for example for piece goods, or a suspended conveyor system, for example in an assembly line in an automobile production facility.
  • the two transport devices 10, 20 have, for example, the transport direction 11.
  • the two transport units 14, 15 and the transport units 12, 13 shown in the example of FIG. 2 are conveyed in this direction in the example of FIG. 1.
  • These transport units 12 to 15 can be, for example, so-called SKID conveying devices or suspended conveying units, each of which carries a motor vehicle body.
  • the read / write devices of an identification system are all positioned uniformly on the right side of the transport device 10.
  • First and second reading devices L30 and L40 are shown. These each have an antenna arrangement L31 or L41.
  • the directional diagrams L32 and L42 generated thereby for the reception or transmission field strength are lobe-shaped and laterally aligned directly with the transport device 10.
  • the read / write devices of the identification system are not all positioned uniformly on one side of the transport device.
  • a third reading device L10 or fourth reading device L20 is positioned on the left or right side of the transport device 20.
  • These each have an antenna arrangement Lll or L21.
  • the directional diagrams L12 and L22 generated therefrom for the reception or. Transmitting field strengths are also club-shaped and also aligned laterally directly on the transport device 20.
  • the tips of the lobes of the directional diagrams L12 and L22, as seen in the transport direction 11, cover each other, an area lying approximately on the left or on the right half of its surface.
  • Each of the transport units 14, 15 and 12, 13 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is each equipped with a mobile data carrier M30, M40 and MIO, M20.
  • a mobile data carrier M30, M40 and MIO, M20 is each equipped with a mobile data carrier M30, M40 and MIO, M20.
  • the tips of the lobes of the directional diagrams L32 and L42 only cover an area lying approximately on the right half of the surface of the transport device 10.
  • the problem could arise that mobile data carriers, e.g. are placed on the transport units in an unfavorable manner, cannot reliably contact the read / write devices mounted on the right edge of the transport device 10.
  • the invention remedies this by appropriately setting the antenna arrangements of the mobile data carriers used in the system shown in FIG. 1.
  • the characteristics of the antennas were set with the aid of the invention such that a directional diagram with at least one intensity maximum of the field strength results, the intensity maximum advantageously running in the direction of a main axis of the antenna arrangement.
  • the antenna arrangements M31 and M41 of the mobile data carriers M30 and M40 then emit club-shaped directional diagrams M32 and M42, each with a forward intensity maximum M33 and M43 of the reception field strength. These are oriented approximately in the transport direction 11. As already shown in the example in FIG.
  • these lobe-shaped directional dia- Gram M32 or M42 by appropriate placement of the mobile data carriers M30 or M40 in an exemplary front right corner area of the transport units 14, 15 are advantageously already aligned in the direction of the read / write devices L31 and L41.
  • This can achieve that the reception field strength lobes of the mobile data carriers M30 or M40 in FIG. 1 strongly correlate with the advantageously likewise club-shaped directional diagrams L32 or L42 of the read or receive field strengths of the read / write, which extend to the surface of the transport device 10 -Devices L31 or L41 cover when the mobile data carriers pass the read / write devices.
  • optimal conditions are then set for data transmission between the mobile data carriers and the read / write devices that is as trouble-free as possible, even in a fast-running system.
  • the problem could also arise here that mobile data carriers could not securely contact the read / write devices L10 or L20. Such a situation could occur, for example, if the antenna arrangement M11 or M21 of the two mobile data carriers MIO or M20, which are mounted on the transport units 12 or 13, were set in accordance with the example of FIG. 1. In this case, a good data connection to the read / write device L20 would be possible, since this is currently on the "right" right side of the transport device 20. In contrast, a data connection to the read / write device L10 would not or only be restricted possible, since this is currently on the "wrong" left side of the transport device 20.
  • the antenna arrangements M11 or M21 of the mobile data carriers MIO or M20 used in the example in FIG. 2 are suitably set.
  • the characteristics of the antennas were set with the aid of the invention such that a directional diagram with at least one intensity maximum of the field strength results, the intensity maximum advantageously running orthogonally to a main axis of the antenna arrangement.
  • FIG. 3 shows the block diagram of an exemplary phase shifter circuit for setting different directional diagrams of the antenna characteristics of the mobile data carrier MIO.
  • Such a circuit can also be used to set different directional diagrams of the antenna characteristics of read / write devices.
  • the antenna arrangement Mll of the mobile data carrier MIO has the case e.g. two parallel rod antennas Mlll, M112, which are placed on both sides of the transport direction 11.
  • the distance M113 of the exemplary rod antennas corresponds to half the length of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antennas. This distance M113 is also referred to as “lambda half”.
  • Both antennas are fed via a transmitter / receiver M115, but the phase position of the waves which are fed to one antenna Mlll can be shifted relative to the other antenna M112 via a switchable phase shifter M114.
  • a switchable phase shifter M114 there is a directional diagram corresponding to the mobile data carriers shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 or FIGS. 2 and 5.
  • the phase shifter is advantageously switched by integer multiples of 90 degrees.
  • FIG. 4 exemplarily illustrates the formation of a directional diagram for the antenna characteristic according to the example of FIG. 1.
  • the mobile data carrier M30 is placed, for example, in the top right corner at the head end of the transport unit 14.
  • An advantageous transport direction 11 is again identified by an arrow.
  • the antenna arrangement M31 also advantageously has two parallel rod antennas, which are placed transversely next to one another on the front edge of the housing of the mobile data carrier M30.
  • there is a main axis M31H of the antenna arrangement M31 which runs through the center of the two rod antennas.
  • the directional diagram of the reception field strength has two approximately circular intensity maxima M35, M36, which extend in a ring from the two rod antennas in both directions on the main axis M31H.
  • a transport unit 14 often has at least metallic components, e.g. a metal frame or platform.
  • metallic elements or surfaces which have a reflecting effect on electromagnetic waves. These cause the directional diagram of the antenna arrangement to deform.
  • this also has an approximately elliptical, club-like shape and extends in a forward direction along the main axis M31H.
  • the rear area of the directional diagram ellipse encloses the parallel rod antennas of the antenna arrangement M31, while the front area is directed strongly forward in the manner of an intensity maximum M33.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates, by way of example, the formation of a directional diagram for the antenna characteristic according to the example of FIG. 2.
  • the mobile data carrier MIO is placed, for example, in the center of the head end of the transport unit 12.
  • An advantageous transport direction 11 is again identified by an arrow.
  • the antenna arrangement Mll also advantageously has two parallel rod antennas which lie transversely next to one another on the front the edge of the housing of the MIO mobile data carrier. This results on the one hand in a main axis MUH of the antenna arrangement Mll, which runs through the center of the two rod antennas in the direction of the transport direction 11, and on the other hand a main axis MllO orthogonal thereto. If the phase shifter between these two rod antennas is set such that the oscillation supplied to the two rod antennas is 90 degrees out of phase with one another and if such an antenna arrangement is also not influenced by metallic surfaces in particular, this indicates
  • a transport unit 12 often has at least metallic components, e.g. a metal frame or platform.
  • metallic elements or surfaces which have a reflecting effect on electromagnetic waves, are in turn "in the back" of the antenna arrangement. These cause the directional diagram of the antenna arrangement to deform.

Abstract

Disclosed is a mobile data carrier (M10-M40) or a read-write unit (L10-L40), comprising an antenna array (M11-M41; L11-L41) for the contactless exchange of data. According to the invention, means are provided for adjusting selected characteristics of the antenna array, the respective antenna array being provided with a directional diagram (M12-M41; L12-L42) having at least one maximum intensity of the received field strength. Said maximum intensities can then be adjusted, e.g. in the mobile data carriers, in such a way that the directional diagrams are focused on the read-write units positioned at the edge of a transport device (10), for example. This allows the lobes of the received field strength of the mobile data carriers to overlap to a great degree with the preferably also lobe-shaped directional diagrams of the received or transmitted field strengths of the read-write units when the mobile data carriers pass the read-write units, the directional diagrams of the received or transmitted field strengths of said read-write units extending all the way to the surface of the transport device.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Mobiler Datenträger bzw. Schreib-Lese-Gerät mit einer Antennenanordnung mit einstellbarer Charakteristik, und dazugehö- rige TransportvorrichtungMobile data carrier or read / write device with an antenna arrangement with adjustable characteristics, and associated transport device
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen mobilen Datenträger mit einer Antennenanordnung zum berührungslosen Austausch von Daten. Die Erfindung bezieht sich ebenfalls auf ein Schreib- Lese-Gerät mit einer Antennenanordnung zum berührungslosenThe invention relates to a mobile data carrier with an antenna arrangement for contactless exchange of data. The invention also relates to a read / write device with an antenna arrangement for contactless
Austausch von Daten, insbesondere mit einem mobilen Datenträger. Die Erfindung bezieht sich schließlich auf eine Transportvorrichtung für Güter mit zumindest einem mobilen Datenträger bzw. zumindest einem Schreib-Lese-Gerät .Exchange of data, especially with a mobile data carrier. Finally, the invention relates to a transport device for goods with at least one mobile data carrier or at least one read / write device.
Mobile Datenträger und Schreib-Lese-Geräte werden insbesondere bei Identsystemen eingesetzt. Diese können vorteilhaft z.B. zur Verfolgung von Waren- und Güterströmen verwendet werden. So können beispielsweise in einer Fertigungsanlage für Kraftfahrzeuge die durchlaufenden Rohkarosserien mit mobilen Datenträgern versehen werden. Dabei wird z.B. vor dem Einlauf einer Rohkarosse in eine einzelne Fertigungsstation der aktuelle Inhalt des zugeordneten mobilen Datenträgers von einem dort platzierten Schreib-Lese-Gerät auf berührungslose Weise gelesen. Hierdurch ist es z.B. möglich, individuelle und ausschließlich die jeweils anstehende Rohkarosse betreffende Bearbeitungsvorgänge durchzuführen. Nach Abschluss dieser Bearbeitungsvorgänge wird der Dateninhalt des zugeordneten mobilen Datenträgers durch das lokale Schreib-Lese-Gerät aktualisiert und die Rohkarosse wird zu einer weiteren Fertigungsstation transportiert. Nun ist es möglich, den Dateninhalt des zugeordneten mobilen Datenträgers vor der anderen Fertigungsstation durch das dort platzierte Schreib-Lese-Gerät erneut zu Lesen. Es können der aktuelle Bearbeitungszu- stand und die nun anstehenden, gegebenenfalls vom Typ der jeweiligen Karosse abhängigen Bearbeitungsschritte erkannt und ausgeführt werden. Bei einem anderen, beispielhaften Einsatz eines Identsystems sind Stückgüter, z.B. Pakete, Gepäckstücke, Transporteinheiten für Rohkarosserien und vieles mehr, jeweils mit einem mobilen Datenträger versehen. Darin können Daten gespeichert sein, welche z.B. die Art und das Transportziel des jeweiligen Stückgutes beschreiben. Durchlaufen derartige Stückgüter z.B. eine Verteilungsanlage, so können diese Daten an bestimmten Stellen der Anlage von dort platzierten Schreib-Le- se-Geräten erfasst werden. Nun ist es möglich einzelne Trans- portvorrichtungen in der Verteilungsanlage, z.B. Förderbänder, geeignet zu steuern. Das jeweilige Stückgut kann nun so vereinzelt werden, dass es das gewünschte Transportziel innerhalb der Verteilanlage erreicht oder unter Zuhilfenahme von zwischengeschalteten, weiteren Transportmitteln, wie z.B. Fahrzeugen, erreichen kann.Mobile data carriers and read / write devices are used in particular in identification systems. These can advantageously be used, for example, to track the flow of goods and goods. For example, in a production plant for motor vehicles, the continuous body-in-white can be provided with mobile data carriers. Here, for example, before a bodyshell enters a single production station, the current content of the assigned mobile data carrier is read in a contactless manner by a read / write device placed there. This makes it possible, for example, to carry out individual processing operations that exclusively concern the body shell in question. After completion of these processing operations, the data content of the assigned mobile data carrier is updated by the local read / write device and the body-in-white is transported to a further production station. It is now possible to reread the data content of the assigned mobile data carrier in front of the other production station by the read / write device placed there. The current processing status and the upcoming processing steps, which may depend on the type of the respective body, can be recognized and carried out. In another, exemplary use of an identification system, piece goods, for example parcels, pieces of luggage, transport units for body shells and much more, are each provided with a mobile data carrier. Data can be stored in it, which describes, for example, the type and destination of the individual piece goods. If such piece goods pass through a distribution system, for example, this data can be recorded at certain points in the system by read / write devices placed there. Now it is possible to suitably control individual transport devices in the distribution system, eg conveyor belts. The individual piece goods can now be separated so that they reach the desired transport destination within the distribution system or can be reached with the aid of intermediary additional means of transport, such as vehicles.
In der Regel durchlaufen Waren und Güter, die mit berührungslos lesbaren mobilen Datenträgern ausgerüstet sind, eine der obigen Anlagen mit möglichst hoher Geschwindigkeit. Um einen in jedem Falle fehlerfreien Datenaustausch mit den an ausgewählten Stellen der Anlage platzierten Schreib-Lese-Geräten zu gewährleisten, dürfen zumindest die maximal zulässigen Abstände zwischen den eingesetzten mobilen Datenspeichern und den dazugehörigen Schreib-Lese-Geräten nicht überschritten werden. Diese Abstände sind insbesondere abhängig von dem zwischen den mobilen Datenspeichern und Schreib-Lese-Geräten eines Systems verwendeten Übertragungsprinzip und den jeweils eingesetzten Sendeleistungen. Beruht die Übertragungsstrecke z.B. auf einer Funkübertragung, so wird der maximal zulässige Abstand auch durch das für die Datenübertragung eingesetzte Frequenzband bestimmt. Besondere Anforderungen liegen bei passiven mobilen Datenspeichern vor. Diese verfügen über keine eigene Energieversorgung, sondern werden ausschließlich über die Sendeenergie eines Schreib-Lese-Gerätes gespeist.As a rule, goods and goods that are equipped with contactlessly readable mobile data carriers pass through one of the above systems at the highest possible speed. In order to ensure error-free data exchange with the read / write devices placed at selected points in the system, at least the maximum permissible distances between the mobile data storage devices used and the associated read / write devices must not be exceeded. These distances are particularly dependent on the transmission principle used between the mobile data memories and read / write devices of a system and the transmission powers used in each case. If the transmission link is based e.g. on a radio transmission, the maximum permissible distance is also determined by the frequency band used for data transmission. There are special requirements for passive mobile data storage. These do not have their own energy supply, but are only fed via the transmission energy of a read / write device.
Bei der Projektierung eines Identsystems ist somit zumindest darauf zu achten, dass die maximal zulässigen Abstände zwi- sehen den mobilen Datenspeichern und den Schreib-Lese-Geräten des Systems nicht überschritten werden. Vielfach sind aber weitere Maßnahmen erforderlich, um die Übertragungsverhältnisse zwischen den entlang einer Transportvorrichtung ver- teilt angebrachten Schreib-Lese-Geräten und den auf derWhen configuring an identification system, you should at least make sure that the maximum permissible distances between see the mobile data storage and read / write devices of the system are not exceeded. In many cases, however, further measures are required in order to ensure the transmission relationships between the read / write devices distributed along a transport device and those on the
Transportvorrichtung gemeinsam mit Transportgütern daran vorbei geförderten mobilen Datenspeichern zu optimieren. So können die Übertragungsverhältnisse für jedes einzelne Schreib- Lese-Gerät z.B. durch eine mittels manueller Justage opti- mierte Platzierung am Rande der Transportvorrichtung verbessert werden. Dies ist aber sehr aufwendig und nicht immer möglich, insbesondere bei Vorliegen von schwierigen Anbaubedingungen in Inneren eines komplexen Verteilungssystems oder einer Fertigungsanlage.To optimize the transport device together with transport goods, mobile data storage conveyed past it. The transmission ratios for each individual read / write device can e.g. can be improved by a placement on the edge of the transport device that is optimized by means of manual adjustment. However, this is very complex and not always possible, especially when difficult mounting conditions exist in the interior of a complex distribution system or a production plant.
Es ist deshalb die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen mobilen Datenträger und/oder ein Schreib-Lese-Gerät anzugeben, womit eine anwendungsabhängige Optimierung von Übertragungsverhältnissen auf eine einfachere Weise möglich ist.It is therefore the object of the present invention to specify a mobile data carrier and / or a read / write device, with which an application-dependent optimization of transmission ratios is possible in a simpler manner.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen mobilen Datenträger. Dieser weist eine Antennenanordnung zum berührungslosen Austausch von Daten insbesondere mit einem Schreib-Lese-Gerät auf. Erfindungsgemäß sind Mittel zur Ein- Stellung einer ausgewählten Charakteristik der Antennenanordnung des mobilen Datenträgers vorhanden.The object is achieved by the mobile data carrier specified in claim 1. This has an antenna arrangement for the contactless exchange of data, in particular with a read / write device. According to the invention, means are available for setting a selected characteristic of the antenna arrangement of the mobile data carrier.
Die Aufgabe wird weiterhin gelöst durch das in Anspruch 6 angegebene Schreib-Lese-Gerät. Dieses weist ebenfalls eine An- tennenanordnung zum berührungslosen Austausch von Daten insbesondere mit einem mobilen Datenträger auf. Erfindungsgemäß sind auch hier Mittel zur Einstellung einer ausgewählten Charakteristik der Antennenanordnung des Schreib-Lese-Geräts vorhanden.The object is further achieved by the read / write device specified in claim 6. This also has an antenna arrangement for contactless exchange of data, in particular with a mobile data carrier. According to the invention, there are also means for setting a selected characteristic of the antenna arrangement of the read / write device.
Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin, dass für alle z.B. in einem Identsystem eingesetzten mobilen Datenträger die Cha- rakteristik der Antennenanordnung optimal voreingestellt werden kann. Bevorzugt kann diese Einstellung bei allen verfügbaren mobilen Datenträgern einheitlich z.B. in einem Konfek- tionierungs- oder Maschineneinrichtungsbereich vorgenommen werden. Es sind also keine Eingriffe im laufenden Betrieb einer Anlage mehr notwendig. Dies trifft besonders auch auf die Schreib-Lese-Geräte eines Identsystems zu. Auch die Charakteristik von deren Antennenanordnung kann abhängig von den in der jeweiligen Anlage vorliegenden Bedingungen mit Hilfe der Erfindung optimal eingestellt werden, bevor die Schreib-Lese- Geräte einer Anlage im Feld platziert und dort in Betrieb genommen werden .The advantage of the invention is that for all mobile data carriers used, for example, in an identification system, the cha- characteristics of the antenna arrangement can be optimally preset. This setting can preferably be carried out uniformly for all available mobile data carriers, for example in a packaging or machine setup area. Interventions in the ongoing operation of a system are therefore no longer necessary. This particularly applies to the read / write devices of an identification system. The characteristics of their antenna arrangement can also be optimally adjusted with the aid of the invention, depending on the conditions in the respective system, before the read / write devices of a system are placed in the field and put into operation there.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist es bei einem mobilen Datenträger bzw. bei einem Schreib-Lese-Gerät besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Mittel die Charakteristik so einstellen, dass die jeweilige Antennenanordnung ein Richtdiagramm mit zumindest einem Intensitätsmaximum der Empfangsfeldstärke aufweist. Diese Intensitätsmaxima können insbesondere bei den mobilen Datenträ- gern dann so eingestellt werden, dass die Richtdiagramme auf die am Rande z.B. einer Transportvorrichtung platzierten Schreib-Lese-Geräte fokussiert sind.According to the invention, it is particularly advantageous in the case of a mobile data carrier or a read / write device if the means set the characteristic such that the respective antenna arrangement has a directional diagram with at least one intensity maximum of the received field strength. These intensity maxima can then be set, in particular in the case of mobile data carriers, in such a way that the directional diagrams refer to the marginal e.g. read / write devices placed in a transport device are focused.
Besonders vorteilhaft können dann die Intensitätsmaxima der Richtdiagramme bei den mobilen Datenträgern bzw. bei denThe intensity maxima of the directional diagrams can then be particularly advantageous for the mobile data carriers or for the
Schreib-Lese-Geräten in Richtung zu einer Hauptachse der Antennenanordnung verlaufen. Falls bei dieser Einstellung die mobilen Datenträger z.B. auf metallischen Gestellen montiert sind, welche als Transporteinheiten für Güter von einer Transporteinheit fortbewegt werden, so weist in diesem Fall das Richtdiagramm der Antenne eine nach vorne gerichtete keulenförmige Charakteristik auf. Es tritt also bei jedem mobilen Datenträger ein vorteilhaft in Bewegungsrichtung oder auf eine Seite der Transporteinheit orientiertes Intensitätsmaxi- mum der Empfangsfeldstärke auf. Hiermit ist es besonders dann, wenn die Schreib-Lese-Geräte eines Identsystems alle einheitlich auf einer bestimmten Seite der Transporteinheit platziert sind, möglich, diese mit den Empfangsfeldstarkekeulen der mobilen Datenträger eindeutig zu überdecken. Es sind dann optimale Bedingungen für eine möglichst störungsfreie Datenübertragung zwischen den mobilen Datenträgern und den Schreib-Lese-Geräten selbst bei einem schnell laufenden System eingestellt.Read-write devices run in the direction of a main axis of the antenna arrangement. If, with this setting, the mobile data carriers are mounted on metallic frames, for example, which are moved as transport units for goods by a transport unit, the directional diagram of the antenna in this case has a forward-facing lobe-shaped characteristic. Each mobile data carrier therefore has an intensity maximum of the received field strength which is advantageously oriented in the direction of movement or on one side of the transport unit. This is particularly the case if the read / write devices of an identification system are all uniform on a specific side of the transport unit placed, it is possible to clearly cover them with the reception field strength lobes of the mobile data carriers. The optimal conditions for a trouble-free data transmission between the mobile data carriers and the read / write devices are then set even in a fast-running system.
Bei einer anderen Ausführung können die Intensitatsmaxima der Richtdiagramme bei den mobilen Datenträgern bzw. bei den Schreib-Lese-Geräten auch so eingestellt werden, dass diese orthogonal zu einer Hauptachse der Antennenanordnung verlaufen. Falls auch bei dieser Einstellung die mobilen Datenträger z.B. auf metallischen Gestellen montiert sind, welche als Transporteinheiten die Güter in einer Transportvorrichtung fortbewegen, so tritt in diesem Fall bei jedem mobilen Datenträger in Bewegungsrichtung eine auf beide Seiten der Transporteinheit orientierte doppelkeulenförmige Charakteristik auf. Die Richtdiagramme weisen somit zwei, nach rechts und links abgewinkelte Intensitatsmaxima der Empfangsfeldstärke auf. Diese Anordnung ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn dieIn another embodiment, the intensity maxima of the directional diagrams in the mobile data carriers or in the read / write devices can also be set so that they run orthogonally to a main axis of the antenna arrangement. If, with this setting too, the mobile data carriers e.g. are mounted on metallic racks, which move the goods as transport units in a transport device, so in this case a double lobe-shaped characteristic that is oriented on both sides of the transport unit occurs in the direction of movement in each mobile data carrier. The directional diagrams thus have two intensity maxima of the reception field strength that are angled to the right and left. This arrangement is particularly advantageous if the
Schreib-Lese-Geräte eines Identsystems wechselseitig auf der einen und der anderen Seite der Transportvorrichtung platziert sind. Hiermit ist es möglich sicherzustellen, dass die darauf geförderten Transporteinheiten mit der rechtsseitigen oder linksseitigen "Teilkeule" der Empfangsfeldstärke eindeutig zu überdeckt werden. Es sind somit auch in diesem Falle optimale Bedingungen für eine möglichst störungsfreie Datenübertragung zwischen den mobilen Datenträgern und den Schreib-Lese- Geräten selbst bei einem schnell laufenden Sys- tem eingestellt.Read-write devices of an identification system are alternately placed on one and the other side of the transport device. This makes it possible to ensure that the transport units conveyed on it are clearly covered with the right-hand or left-hand "partial lobe" of the reception field strength. In this case, too, optimal conditions are set for data transmission between the mobile data carriers and the read / write devices to be as trouble-free as possible, even with a fast-running system.
Vorteilhaft sind die Mittel zur Einstellung einer ausgewählten Charakteristik der Antennenanordnung in Form einer Phasenschieberschaltung ausgeführt.The means for setting a selected characteristic of the antenna arrangement are advantageously in the form of a phase shifter circuit.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen des erfindungsgemäßen mobilen Datenträgers und des erfindungsgemäßen Schreib-Lese-Ge- räts sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Weiterhin sind Ansprüche auf Transporteinrichtungen gerichtet, welche mit mobilen Datenträgern bzw. mit Schreib-Lese-Geräten gemäß der Erfindung ausgerüstet sind.Further advantageous embodiments of the mobile data carrier according to the invention and the read / write device according to the invention councils are specified in the subclaims. Furthermore, claims are directed to transport devices which are equipped with mobile data carriers or with read / write devices according to the invention.
Die Erfindung wird weiterhin an Hand der in den nachfolgend kurz angeführten Figuren dargestellten Beispielen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigtThe invention is further explained with reference to the examples shown in the figures briefly listed below. It shows
Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine beispielhafte Transportvorrichtung für Güter, die mit mobilen Datenträgern ausgerüstet sind, wobei das Richtdiagramm der Antennencharakteristik der mobilen Datenträger so eingestellt ist, dass ein nach vorne gerichtetes Intensitätsmaxi- mum für die Empfangsfeldstärke auftritt,1 is a plan view of an exemplary transport device for goods equipped with mobile data carriers, the directional diagram of the antenna characteristics of the mobile data carriers being set such that a forward-looking intensity maximum occurs for the reception field strength,
Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine zweite beispielhafte Transportvorrichtung, wobei das Richtdiagramm der Antennencharakteristik der mobilen Datenträger so eingestellt ist, dass beidseitig der Bewegungsrichtung zwei Intensitatsmaxima für die Empfangsfeldstärke auftreten,2 shows a plan view of a second exemplary transport device, the directional diagram of the antenna characteristics of the mobile data carriers being set such that two intensity maxima for the reception field strength occur on both sides of the direction of movement,
Fig. 3 das Blockschaltbild einer beispielhaften Phasenschieberschaltung zur Einstellung der Richtdiagramme der Antennencharakteristik von mobilen Datenträgern bzw. Schreib-Lese-Geräten,3 shows the block diagram of an exemplary phase shifter circuit for setting the directional diagrams of the antenna characteristics of mobile data carriers or read / write devices,
Fig. 4 veranschaulicht beispielhaft die Bildung eines Richtdiagramms für die Antennencharakteristik gemäß dem Beispiel von Fig. 1, undFIG. 4 exemplifies the formation of a directional diagram for the antenna characteristic according to the example of FIGS. 1, and
Fig. 5 veranschaulicht beispielhaft die Bildung eines Richtdiagramms für die Antennencharakteristik gemäß dem Beispiel von Fig. 2.FIG. 5 exemplarily illustrates the formation of a directional diagram for the antenna characteristic according to the example from FIG. 2.
In den Fig. 1 und 2 ist beispielhaft ein Ausschnitt aus einer Transportvorrichtung 10 bzw. 20 für Güter gezeigt. Hierbei kann es sich jeweils um ein Fließband z.B. für Stückgüter o- der um eine Hängeförderanlage z.B. in einer Montagelinie einer Automobilfertigung handeln. Die beiden Transportvorrichtungen 10, 20 weisen beispielhaft die Transportrichtung 11 auf. In diese Richtung werden im Beispiel der Fig. 1 die beiden Transporteinheiten 14, 15 und im Beispiel der Fig. 2 gezeigten die Transporteinheiten 12, 13 gefördert. Bei diesen Transporteinheiten 12 bis 15 kann es sich z.B. um sogenannte SKID Fördereinrichtungen oder um Hängefördereinheiten an- dein, die jeweils eine Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie tragen.1 and 2, a section of a transport device 10 or 20 for goods is shown as an example. in this connection can each be a conveyor belt, for example for piece goods, or a suspended conveyor system, for example in an assembly line in an automobile production facility. The two transport devices 10, 20 have, for example, the transport direction 11. The two transport units 14, 15 and the transport units 12, 13 shown in the example of FIG. 2 are conveyed in this direction in the example of FIG. 1. These transport units 12 to 15 can be, for example, so-called SKID conveying devices or suspended conveying units, each of which carries a motor vehicle body.
Bei der in Fig. 1 ausschnittsweise dargestellten Transportvorrichtung 10 sind die Schreib-Lese-Geräte eines Identsystems alle einheitlich auf der rechten Seite der Transportvor- richtung 10 positioniert. Es sind ein erstes bzw. zweites Lesegerät L30 bzw. L40 gezeigt. Diese verfügen über jeweils eine Antennenanordnung L31 bzw. L41. Die davon erzeugten Richtdiagramme L32 bzw. L42 für die Empfangs- bzw. Sendefeldstärke sind keulenförmig und seitlich direkt auf die Transportvor- richtung 10 ausgerichtet. Dabei überdecken jeweils die Spitzen der Keulen der Richtdiagramme L32 und L42 in Transportrichtung 11 gesehen, einen annähernd auf der rechten Hälfte von dessen Oberfläche liegenden Bereich.1, the read / write devices of an identification system are all positioned uniformly on the right side of the transport device 10. First and second reading devices L30 and L40 are shown. These each have an antenna arrangement L31 or L41. The directional diagrams L32 and L42 generated thereby for the reception or transmission field strength are lobe-shaped and laterally aligned directly with the transport device 10. The tips of the lobes of the directional diagrams L32 and L42, as seen in the transport direction 11, cover an area lying approximately on the right half of its surface.
Demgegenüber sind aber bei der in Fig. 2 ausschnittsweise dargestellten Transportvorrichtung 20 die Schreib-Lese-Geräte des Identsystems nicht alle einheitlich auf einer Seite der Transportvorrichtung positioniert. So ist beispielsweise ein drittes Lesegerät L10 bzw. viertes Lesegerät L20, wiederum in Transportrichtung 11 gesehen, auf der linken bzw. der rechten Seite der Transportvorrichtung 20 positioniert. Diese verfügen über jeweils eine Antennenanordnung Lll bzw. L21. Die davon erzeugten Richtdiagramme L12 bzw. L22 für die Empfangsbzw. Sendefeldstärke sind ebenfalls keulenförmig und auch seitlich direkt auf die Transportvorrichtung 20 ausgerichtet. Allerdings überdecken jeweils die Spitzen der Keulen der Richtdiagramme L12 und L22, in Transportrichtung 11 gesehen, einen annähernd auf der linken bzw. auf der rechten Hälfte von dessen Oberfläche liegenden Bereich.In contrast, in the transport device 20 shown in detail in FIG. 2, the read / write devices of the identification system are not all positioned uniformly on one side of the transport device. For example, a third reading device L10 or fourth reading device L20, again seen in the transport direction 11, is positioned on the left or right side of the transport device 20. These each have an antenna arrangement Lll or L21. The directional diagrams L12 and L22 generated therefrom for the reception or. Transmitting field strengths are also club-shaped and also aligned laterally directly on the transport device 20. However, the tips of the lobes of the directional diagrams L12 and L22, as seen in the transport direction 11, cover each other, an area lying approximately on the left or on the right half of its surface.
Jeder der in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Transporteinhei- ten 14, 15 und 12, 13 ist jeweils mit einem mobilen Datenträger M30, M40 und MIO, M20 ausgerüstet. Am Beispiel dieser mobilen Datenträger wird nachfolgend das Prinzip und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Einstellung einer ausgewählten Charakteristik der Antennenanordnung näher er- läutert. Grundsätzlich kann dieses auch auf die Schreib-Lese- Geräte eines Identsystems angewendet werden. In besonderen Fällen können sowohl die mobilen Datenträger als auch die Schreib-Lese-Geräte gemäß der Erfindung eingestellt werden.Each of the transport units 14, 15 and 12, 13 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is each equipped with a mobile data carrier M30, M40 and MIO, M20. Using the example of these mobile data carriers, the principle and advantageous refinements of the setting according to the invention of a selected characteristic of the antenna arrangement are explained in more detail below. Basically, this can also be applied to the read / write devices of an identification system. In special cases, both the mobile data carriers and the read / write devices can be set according to the invention.
Im Beispiel der Fig. 1 überdecken, wie oben bereits ausgeführt, die Spitzen der Keulen der Richtdiagramme L32 und L42 nur einen annähernd auf der rechten Hälfte der Oberfläche der Transportvorrichtung 10 liegenden Bereich. Dabei könnte also das Problem auftreten, dass mobile Datenträger, die z.B. an den Transporteinheiten ungünstig platziert sind, nicht sicher Kontakt mit den am rechten Rand der Transportvorrichtung 10 montierten Schreib-Lese-Geräten aufnehmen können.In the example of FIG. 1, as already explained above, the tips of the lobes of the directional diagrams L32 and L42 only cover an area lying approximately on the right half of the surface of the transport device 10. The problem could arise that mobile data carriers, e.g. are placed on the transport units in an unfavorable manner, cannot reliably contact the read / write devices mounted on the right edge of the transport device 10.
Hier schafft die Erfindung Abhilfe, indem bei dem im Beispiel der Fig. 1 vorliegenden System die Antennenanordnungen der eingesetzten mobilen Datenträger geeignet eingestellt wurde. Die Charakteristik der Antennen wurde in diesem Fall mit Hilfe der Erfindung so eingestellt, dass sich ein Richtdiagramm mit zumindest einem Intensitätsmaximum der Feldstärke ergibt, wobei das Intensitätsmaximum vorteilhaft in Richtung zu einer Hauptachse der Antennenanordnung verläuft. Von den Antennenanordnungen M31 bzw. M41 der mobilen Datenträger M30 bzw. M40 gehen dann keulenförmige Richtdiagramme M32 bzw. M42 mit je- weils einem nach vorne gerichteten Intensitätsmaximum M33 bzw. M43 der Empfangsfeldstärke aus. Diese sind annähernd in die Transportrichtung 11 orientiert. Wie im Beispiel der Fig. 1 bereits dargestellt, können diese keulenförmigen Richtdia- gramme M32 bzw. M42 durch eine entsprechende Platzierung der mobilen Datenträger M30 bzw. M40 in einem beispielhaften vorderen rechten Eckbereich der Transporteinheiten 14, 15 vorteilhaft bereits in Richtung auf die Schreib-Lese-Geräte L31 bzw. L41 ausgerichtet werden. Hiermit kann erreicht werden, dass die Empfangsfeldstarkekeulen der mobilen Datenträger M30 bzw. M40 in Fig. 1 sich stark mit den bis auf die Oberfläche der Transportvorrichtung 10 reichenden, vorteilhaft ebenfalls keulenförmigen Richtdiagramme L32 bzw. L42 der Empfangs- bzw. Sendefeldstärken der Schreib-Lese-Geräte L31 bzw. L41 überdecken, wenn die mobilen Datenträger die Schreib-Lese-Geräte passieren. Es sind dann mit Hilfe der Erfindung optimale Bedingungen für eine möglichst störungsfreie Datenübertragung zwischen den mobilen Datenträgern und den Schreib-Lese- Gerä- ten selbst bei einem schnell laufenden System eingestellt.Here, the invention remedies this by appropriately setting the antenna arrangements of the mobile data carriers used in the system shown in FIG. 1. In this case, the characteristics of the antennas were set with the aid of the invention such that a directional diagram with at least one intensity maximum of the field strength results, the intensity maximum advantageously running in the direction of a main axis of the antenna arrangement. The antenna arrangements M31 and M41 of the mobile data carriers M30 and M40 then emit club-shaped directional diagrams M32 and M42, each with a forward intensity maximum M33 and M43 of the reception field strength. These are oriented approximately in the transport direction 11. As already shown in the example in FIG. 1, these lobe-shaped directional dia- Gram M32 or M42 by appropriate placement of the mobile data carriers M30 or M40 in an exemplary front right corner area of the transport units 14, 15 are advantageously already aligned in the direction of the read / write devices L31 and L41. This can achieve that the reception field strength lobes of the mobile data carriers M30 or M40 in FIG. 1 strongly correlate with the advantageously likewise club-shaped directional diagrams L32 or L42 of the read or receive field strengths of the read / write, which extend to the surface of the transport device 10 -Devices L31 or L41 cover when the mobile data carriers pass the read / write devices. With the aid of the invention, optimal conditions are then set for data transmission between the mobile data carriers and the read / write devices that is as trouble-free as possible, even in a fast-running system.
Ein innerer Aufbau und eine sich in der Praxis ergebende äußere Gestalt eines derartigen Richtdiagramms wird nachfolgend am Beispiel der Fig. 4 noch näher erläutert werden.An internal structure and an outer shape of such a directional diagram that results in practice will be explained in more detail below using the example of FIG. 4.
Demgegenüber liegt im Beispiel der Fig. 2 eine andere Situation vor. Wie oben bereits ausgeführt wurde, überdecken die Spitzen der Keulen der Richtdiagramme L12 und L22 der Antennenanordnungen Lll bzw. L21 der Schreib-Lese-Geräte L10 bzw. L20 abwechselnd nur annähernd auf der linken bzw. rechten Hälfte der Oberfläche der Transportvorrichtung 10 liegendeIn contrast, the situation in the example in FIG. 2 is different. As already explained above, the tips of the lobes of the directional diagrams L12 and L22 of the antenna arrangements Lll and L21 of the read / write devices L10 and L20 alternately only lie approximately on the left and right half of the surface of the transport device 10
Bereiche. Auch hier könnte das Problem auftreten, dass mobile Datenträger nicht sicher Kontakt mit den Schreib-Lese-Geräten L10 bzw. L20 aufnehmen könnten. Eine solche Situation könnte z.B. auftreten, wenn die Antennenanordnung Mll bzw. M21 der beiden mobilen Datenträger MIO bzw. M20, die an den Transporteinheiten 12 bzw. 13 montiert sind entsprechend dem Beispiel von Fig. 1 eingestellt wären. In diesem Fall wäre zwar eine gute Datenverbindung zum Schreib-Lese-Geräte L20 möglich, da dieses sich gerade auf der "richtigen" rechten Seite der Transportvorrichtung 20 befindet. Dagegen wäre eine Datenverbindung zu dem Schreib-Lese-Geräte L10 nicht oder nur eingeschränkt möglich, da dieses sich gerade auf der "falschen" linken Seite der Transportvorrichtung 20 befindet.Areas. The problem could also arise here that mobile data carriers could not securely contact the read / write devices L10 or L20. Such a situation could occur, for example, if the antenna arrangement M11 or M21 of the two mobile data carriers MIO or M20, which are mounted on the transport units 12 or 13, were set in accordance with the example of FIG. 1. In this case, a good data connection to the read / write device L20 would be possible, since this is currently on the "right" right side of the transport device 20. In contrast, a data connection to the read / write device L10 would not or only be restricted possible, since this is currently on the "wrong" left side of the transport device 20.
Auch in diesem Fall ist Abhilfe mittels der Erfindung ög- lieh, indem die Antennenanordnungen Mll bzw. M21 der im Beispiel der Fig. 2 eingesetzten mobilen Datenträger MIO bzw. M20 geeignet eingestellt werden. Die Charakteristik der Antennen wurde in diesem Fall mit Hilfe der Erfindung so eingestellt, dass sich ein Richtdiagramm mit zumindest einem In- tensitätsmaximum der Feldstärke ergibt, wobei das Intensitätsmaximum vorteilhaft orthogonal zu einer Hauptachse der Antennenanordnung verläuft. Von den Antennenanordnungen Mll bzw. M21 der mobilen Datenträger MIO bzw. M20 gehen dann doppelkeulenförmige Richtdiagramme M12 bzw. M22 mit jeweils zwei beidseitig nach vorne gerichteten Intensitatsmaxima M13, M14 bzw. M23, M24 der jeweiligen Empfangsfeldstärken aus. Diese gehen von der Mitte der Transportvorrichtung 20 aus annähernd symmetrisch seitlich nach rechts und nach links ab und zeigen somit quasi auf die beiden Ränder der Transportvorrichtung 20. Wie im Beispiel der Fig. 2 bereits dargestellt, ist es aufgrund dieser keulenförmigen Richtdiagramme M32 bzw. M42 vorteilhaft, die mobilen Datenträger MIO bzw. M20 annähernd in der Mitte der Transporteinheiten 12, 13 und in die Transportvorrichtung 11 orientiert zu platzieren. Ein innerer Auf- bau und die sich in der Praxis ergebende äußere Gestalt eines derartigen Richtdiagramms werden nachfolgend am Beispiel der Fig. 5 noch näher erläutert werden.In this case, too, remedial action is possible by means of the invention in that the antenna arrangements M11 or M21 of the mobile data carriers MIO or M20 used in the example in FIG. 2 are suitably set. In this case, the characteristics of the antennas were set with the aid of the invention such that a directional diagram with at least one intensity maximum of the field strength results, the intensity maximum advantageously running orthogonally to a main axis of the antenna arrangement. Double-lobe directional diagrams M12 and M22, respectively, with two intensity maxima M13, M14 and M23, M24 of the respective reception field strengths, starting from the antenna arrangements Mll and M21 of the mobile data carriers MIO and M20. These extend from the center of the transport device 20 approximately symmetrically laterally to the right and to the left and thus point, so to speak, to the two edges of the transport device 20. As already illustrated in the example in FIG advantageous to place the mobile data carriers MIO or M20 oriented approximately in the middle of the transport units 12, 13 and in the transport device 11. An internal structure and the outer shape of such a directional diagram that results in practice will be explained in more detail below using the example of FIG. 5.
Es ist somit im Beispiel der Fig. 2 gewährleistet, dass immer eine der beiden abgewinkelten, keulenförmigen Intensitatsmaxima M13 oder M14 bzw. M23 oder M24 sich mit dem von einem linken oder rechten Rand eingestrahlten Richtdiagramm eines Schreib-Lese-Gerätes überdecken. So kommuniziert im Beispiel der Fig. 2 der. mobile Datenträger MIO vorrangig über das lin- ke Intensitätsmaximum M14 der Empfangsfeldstärke mit dem Schreib-Lese-Gerät L10, während der mobile Datenträger M20 vorrangig über das rechte Intensitätsmaximum M23 der Empfangsfeldstärke mit dem Schreib-Lese-Gerät L20 kommuniziert.It is thus ensured in the example in FIG. 2 that one of the two angled, club-shaped intensity maxima M13 or M14 or M23 or M24 overlap with the directional diagram of a read / write device radiated from a left or right edge. So communicates in the example of FIG. mobile data carriers MIO primarily via the left intensity maximum M14 of the reception field strength with the read / write device L10, while the mobile data carriers M20 communicates primarily with the read / write device L20 via the right intensity maximum M23 of the reception field strength.
Fig. 3 zeigt das Blockschaltbild einer beispielhaften Phasenschieberschaltung zur Einstellung von unterschiedlichen Richtdiagrammen der Antennencharakteristik des mobilen Datenträgers MIO. Eine derartige Schaltung kann auch zur Einstellung von unterschiedlichen Richtdiagrammen der Antennencharakteristik von Schreib-Lese-Geräten eingesetzt werden.3 shows the block diagram of an exemplary phase shifter circuit for setting different directional diagrams of the antenna characteristics of the mobile data carrier MIO. Such a circuit can also be used to set different directional diagrams of the antenna characteristics of read / write devices.
Die Antennenanordnung Mll des mobilen Datenträgers MIO weist dabei Fall z.B. zwei parallele Stabantennen Mlll, M112 auf, die beiderseits der Transportrichtung 11 platziert sind. Der Abstand M113 der beispielhaften Stabantennen entspricht dabei der halben Länge der von den Antennen abgestrahlten elektromagnetischen Wellen. Dieser Abstand M113 wird auch als "Lamb- da-Halbe" bezeichnet. Beide Antennen werden über einen Trans- itter / Receiver M115 gespeist, wobei aber die Phasenlage der Wellen, welche der einen Antenne Mlll zugeführt werden über einen schaltbaren Phasenschieber M114 gegenüber der anderen Antenne M112 verschoben werden können. Je nach Einstellung des Phasenschiebers M114 ergibt sich ein Richtdiagramm entsprechend den in den Figuren 1 und 4 bzw. den Figuren 2 und 5 dargestellten mobilen Datenträgern. Dabei wird der Pha- senschieber vorteilhaft um ganzzahlige Vielfache von 90 Grad geschaltet .The antenna arrangement Mll of the mobile data carrier MIO has the case e.g. two parallel rod antennas Mlll, M112, which are placed on both sides of the transport direction 11. The distance M113 of the exemplary rod antennas corresponds to half the length of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antennas. This distance M113 is also referred to as “lambda half”. Both antennas are fed via a transmitter / receiver M115, but the phase position of the waves which are fed to one antenna Mlll can be shifted relative to the other antenna M112 via a switchable phase shifter M114. Depending on the setting of the phase shifter M114, there is a directional diagram corresponding to the mobile data carriers shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 or FIGS. 2 and 5. The phase shifter is advantageously switched by integer multiples of 90 degrees.
Fig. 4 veranschaulicht beispielhaft die Bildung eines Richtdiagramms für die Antennencharakteristik gemäß dem Beispiel von Fig. 1. Der mobile Datenträger M30 ist beispielhaft im rechten oberen Eck am Kopfende der Transporteinheit 14 platziert. Eine vorteilhafte Transportrichtung 11 ist wiederum mit einem Pfeil gekennzeichnet. Entsprechend der im Blockschaltbild von Fig. 3 gezeigten Schaltung weist auch hier die Antennenanordnung M31 vorteilhaft zwei parallele Stabantennen auf, die quer nebeneinander liegend an der Vorderkante des Gehäuses des mobilen Datenträgers M30 platziert sind. Hiermit ergibt sich eine Hauptachse M31H der Antennenanordnung M31, welche durch die Mitte der beiden Stabantennen verläuft. Ist der Phasenschieber zwischen diesen beiden Stabantennen so eingestellt, dass die den beiden Stabantennen zugeführten Schwingung nicht zueinander phasenverschoben sind und wird eine derartige Antennenanordnung zudem nicht durch insbesondere metallische Flächen beeinflusst, so weist das Richtdiagramm der Empfangsfeldstärke zwei annähernd kreisförmige Intensitatsmaxima M35, M36 auf, welche ringförmig von den bei- den Stabantennen in beide Richtungen ausgehend auf der Hauptachse M31H verlaufen.FIG. 4 exemplarily illustrates the formation of a directional diagram for the antenna characteristic according to the example of FIG. 1. The mobile data carrier M30 is placed, for example, in the top right corner at the head end of the transport unit 14. An advantageous transport direction 11 is again identified by an arrow. According to the circuit shown in the block diagram of FIG. 3, the antenna arrangement M31 also advantageously has two parallel rod antennas, which are placed transversely next to one another on the front edge of the housing of the mobile data carrier M30. Herewith there is a main axis M31H of the antenna arrangement M31, which runs through the center of the two rod antennas. If the phase shifter between these two rod antennas is set in such a way that the vibrations supplied to the two rod antennas are not phase-shifted from one another and if such an antenna arrangement is not influenced by metallic surfaces in particular, the directional diagram of the reception field strength has two approximately circular intensity maxima M35, M36, which extend in a ring from the two rod antennas in both directions on the main axis M31H.
In der Praxis weist eine Transporteinheit 14 aber häufig zumindest metallische Komponenten auf, z.B. einen Metallrahmen oder eine Metallplattform. In diesem Fall befinden sich quasi "im Rücken" der Antennenanordnung metallische Elemente oder Flächen, welche reflektierend auf elektromagnetische Wellen einwirken. Diese bewirken eine Verformung des Richtdiagramms der Antennenanordnung. Es entsteht dadurch das bereits am Beispiel der Fig. 1 erläuterte keulenförmige Richtdiagramm M32. Dieses hat auch im Beispiel der Fig. 4 annähernd eine elliptische, keulenförmige Form und erstreckt sich entlang der Hauptachse M31H eine Vorwärtsrichtung. Der hintere Bereich der Richtdiagrammellipse umschließt die parallelen Stabantennen der Antennenanordnung M31, während der vordere Bereich in der Art eines Intensitätsmaximums M33 stark nach vorne gerichtet ist.In practice, however, a transport unit 14 often has at least metallic components, e.g. a metal frame or platform. In this case there are quasi "in the back" of the antenna arrangement metallic elements or surfaces which have a reflecting effect on electromagnetic waves. These cause the directional diagram of the antenna arrangement to deform. This results in the lobe-shaped directional diagram M32 already explained using the example of FIG. 1. In the example of FIG. 4, this also has an approximately elliptical, club-like shape and extends in a forward direction along the main axis M31H. The rear area of the directional diagram ellipse encloses the parallel rod antennas of the antenna arrangement M31, while the front area is directed strongly forward in the manner of an intensity maximum M33.
Fig. 5 veranschaulicht schließlich beispielhaft die Bildung eines Richtdiagramms für die Antennencharakteristik gemäß dem Beispiel von Fig. 2. Der mobile Datenträger MIO ist in diesem Fall beispielhaft in der Mitte des Kopfendes der Transporteinheit 12 platziert. Eine vorteilhafte Transportrichtung 11 ist wiederum mit einem Pfeil gekennzeichnet. Entsprechend der im Blockschaltbild von Fig. 3 gezeigten Schaltung weist auch hier die Antennenanordnung Mll vorteilhaft zwei parallele Stabantennen auf, die quer nebeneinander liegend an der Vor- derkante des Gehäuses des mobilen Datenträgers MIO platziert sind. Hiermit ergibt sich einerseits eine Hauptachse MUH der Antennenanordnung Mll, welche durch die Mitte der beiden Stabantennen in Richtung der Transportrichtung 11 verläuft, und andererseits eine dazu orthogonale Hauptachse MllO. Ist der Phasenschieber zwischen diesen beiden Stabantennen so eingestellt, dass die den beiden Stabantennen zugeführten Schwingung um 90 Grad zueinander phasenverschoben sind und wird eine derartige Antennenanordnung zudem nicht durch ins- besondere metallische Flächen beeinflusst, so weist dasFinally, FIG. 5 illustrates, by way of example, the formation of a directional diagram for the antenna characteristic according to the example of FIG. 2. In this case, the mobile data carrier MIO is placed, for example, in the center of the head end of the transport unit 12. An advantageous transport direction 11 is again identified by an arrow. According to the circuit shown in the block diagram of FIG. 3, the antenna arrangement Mll also advantageously has two parallel rod antennas which lie transversely next to one another on the front the edge of the housing of the MIO mobile data carrier. This results on the one hand in a main axis MUH of the antenna arrangement Mll, which runs through the center of the two rod antennas in the direction of the transport direction 11, and on the other hand a main axis MllO orthogonal thereto. If the phase shifter between these two rod antennas is set such that the oscillation supplied to the two rod antennas is 90 degrees out of phase with one another and if such an antenna arrangement is also not influenced by metallic surfaces in particular, this indicates
Richtdiagramm der Empfangsfeldstärke zwei annähernd kreisförmige Intensitatsmaxima M15, Ml6 auf, welche ringförmig von den beiden Stabantennen in beide Richtungen ausgehend auf der orthogonalen Achse MllO verlaufen.Directional diagram of the reception field strength on two approximately circular intensity maxima M15, Ml6, which run in a ring from the two rod antennas in both directions on the orthogonal axis MllO.
In der Praxis weist eine Transporteinheit 12 aber häufig zumindest metallische Komponenten auf, z.B. einen Metallrahmen oder eine Metallplattform. In diesem Fall befinden sich quasi "im Rücken" der Antennenanordnung wiederum metallische Ele- mente oder Flächen, welche reflektierend auf elektromagnetische Wellen einwirken. Diese bewirken eine Verformung des Richtdiagramms der Antennenanordnung. Es entsteht dadurch das bereits am Beispiel der Fig. 2 erläuterte doppelkeulenförmige Richtdiagramm M12. Dieses hat auch im Beispiel der Fig. 5 je- weils zwei beidseitig nach vorne gerichtete Intensitatsmaxima M13, M14 der Empfangsfeldstärke. Diese gehen von den beiden Stabantennen aus und erstrecken sich in Transportrichtung 11 beidseitig der Hauptachse MUH annähernd symmetrisch seitlich nach rechts und nach links. In practice, however, a transport unit 12 often has at least metallic components, e.g. a metal frame or platform. In this case, metallic elements or surfaces, which have a reflecting effect on electromagnetic waves, are in turn "in the back" of the antenna arrangement. These cause the directional diagram of the antenna arrangement to deform. This results in the double-lobe directional diagram M12 already explained using the example of FIG. 2. In the example of FIG. 5, this also has two intensity maxima M13, M14 of the reception field strength directed forward on both sides. These start from the two rod antennas and extend approximately symmetrically laterally to the right and to the left in the direction of transport 11 on both sides of the main axis MUH.

Claims

Schutzansprüche protection claims
1. Mobiler Datenträger (M10,M20,M30,M40) mit einer Antennenanordnung (M11,M21,M31,M41) zum berührungslosen Austausch von Daten, insbesondere mit einem Schreib-Lese-Gerät (L11,L21, L31,L41), g e k e n n z e i c h n e t durch Mittel (M114,M115) zur Einstellung einer ausgewählten Charakteristik (M12,M22,M32,M42) der Antennenanordnung.1. Mobile data carrier (M10, M20, M30, M40) with an antenna arrangement (M11, M21, M31, M41) for contactless exchange of data, in particular with a read / write device (L11, L21, L31, L41) by means (M114, M115) for setting a selected characteristic (M12, M22, M32, M42) of the antenna arrangement.
2. Mobiler Datenträger nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Mittel (M114,M115) die Charakteristik (M12,M22,M32,M42) so einstellen, dass diese ein Richtdiagramm mit zumindest einem Intensitätsmaximum (M13,M14;M23,M24;M33;M43) der Empfangsfeldstärke aufweist.2. Mobile data carrier according to claim 1, wherein the means (M114, M115) set the characteristic (M12, M22, M32, M42) such that they form a directional diagram with at least one intensity maximum (M13, M14; M23, M24; M33; M43 ) has the reception field strength.
3. Mobiler Datenträger nach Anspruch 2, wobei das Intensitätsmaximum (M33;M43) des Richtdiagramms in Richtung zu einer Hauptachse (M31H) der Antennenanordnung (M31,M41) verläuft.3. Mobile data carrier according to claim 2, wherein the intensity maximum (M33; M43) of the directional diagram runs in the direction of a main axis (M31H) of the antenna arrangement (M31, M41).
4. Mobiler Datenträger nach Anspruch 2, wobei das Intensitätsmaximum (M13,M14;M23,M24) des Richtdiagramms orthogonal (MllO) zu einer Hauptachse (MllH) der Antennenanordnung (M11,M21) verläuft.4. Mobile data carrier according to claim 2, wherein the intensity maximum (M13, M14; M23, M24) of the directional diagram is orthogonal (MllO) to a main axis (MllH) of the antenna arrangement (M11, M21).
5. Mobiler Datenträger nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei die Mittel (M114,M115) zur Einstellung einer ausgewählten Charakteristik (M12,M22,M32,M42) der Antennenanordnung eine Phasenschieberschaltung aufweisen.5. Mobile data carrier according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the means (M114, M115) for setting a selected characteristic (M12, M22, M32, M42) of the antenna arrangement have a phase shifter circuit.
6. Schreib-Lese-Gerät (L10, L20, L30, L40) mit einer Antennenanordnung (L11,L21, L31,L41) zum berührungslosen Austausch von Daten, insbesondere mit einem mobilen Datenträger (M10,M20, M30,M40), g e k e n n z e i c h n e t durch Mittel zur Einstellung einer ausgewählten Charakteristik der Antennenanordnung. 6. Read / write device (L10, L20, L30, L40) with an antenna arrangement (L11, L21, L31, L41) for contactless exchange of data, in particular with a mobile data carrier (M10, M20, M30, M40) by means of setting a selected characteristic of the antenna arrangement.
7. Schreib-Lese-Gerät nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Mittel die Charakteristik so einstellen, dass diese ein Richtdiagramm mit zumindest einem Intensitätsmaximum der Empfangsfeldstärke aufweist .7. Read-write device according to claim 6, wherein the means set the characteristic so that it has a directional diagram with at least one intensity maximum of the received field strength.
8. Schreib-Lese-Gerät nach Anspruch 7, wobei das Intensitätsmaximum des Richtdiagramms in Richtung zu einer Hauptachse der Antennenanordnung verläuft.8. Read-write device according to claim 7, wherein the intensity maximum of the directional diagram runs in the direction of a main axis of the antenna arrangement.
9. Schreib-Lese-Gerät nach Anspruch 7, wobei das Intensitätsmaximum des Richtdiagramms orthogonal zu einer Hauptachse der Antennenanordnung verläuft .9. Read-write device according to claim 7, wherein the intensity maximum of the directional diagram is orthogonal to a main axis of the antenna arrangement.
10. Schreib-Lese-Gerät nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprü- ehe 6 bis 9, wobei die Mittel zur Einstellung einer ausgewählten Charakteristik der Antennenanordnung eine Phasenschieberschaltung aufweisen.10. Read / write device according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 9, the means for setting a selected characteristic of the antenna arrangement having a phase shifter circuit.
11. Transportvorrichtung für Güter, mit mobilen Datenträgern (MIO, M20,M30,M40) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 und zumindest einem Schreib-Lese-Gerät (L10, L20,L30, L40) , wobei die Charakteristik der Antennenanordnungen der mobilen Datenträger so einstellbar ist, dass die Intensitatsmaxima der Richtdiagramme in Richtung zum Schreib-Lese-Gerät verlaufen.11. Transport device for goods, with mobile data carriers (MIO, M20, M30, M40) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and at least one read-write device (L10, L20, L30, L40), the characteristic of the antenna arrangements of the mobile The data carrier can be set so that the intensity maxima of the directional diagrams run in the direction of the read / write device.
12. Transportvorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, wobei die mobilen Datenträger so an den Transporteinheiten angebracht sind, dass die Intensitatsmaxima der Richtdiagramme in Richtung zu dem mindestens einen Schreib-Lese-Gerät verlaufen.12. Transport device according to claim 11, wherein the mobile data carriers are attached to the transport units such that the intensity maxima of the directional diagrams run in the direction of the at least one read / write device.
13. Transportvorrichtung (10) für Güter, mit zumindest einem Schreib-Lese-Gerät (L10, L20, L30, L40) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10 und mobilen Datenträgern (M10,M20,M30,M40) , wobei die Charakteristik der Antennenanordnung des Schreib-Lese- Geräts so einstellbar ist, dass die Intensitatsmaxima des13. Transport device (10) for goods, with at least one read-write device (L10, L20, L30, L40) according to one of claims 6 to 10 and mobile data carriers (M10, M20, M30, M40), the characteristic of Antenna arrangement of the read / write device is adjustable so that the intensity maxima of
Richtdiagramms in Richtung zu den mobilen Datenträgern verlaufen. Directional diagram towards mobile data media.
PCT/EP2005/052152 2004-05-13 2005-05-11 Mobile data carrier or read-write unit comprising an antenna array having adjustable characteristics, and associated transport device WO2005111924A1 (en)

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