WO2005082282A1 - Process method for attaching radio opaque markers to shape memory stent - Google Patents
Process method for attaching radio opaque markers to shape memory stent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005082282A1 WO2005082282A1 PCT/US2004/043948 US2004043948W WO2005082282A1 WO 2005082282 A1 WO2005082282 A1 WO 2005082282A1 US 2004043948 W US2004043948 W US 2004043948W WO 2005082282 A1 WO2005082282 A1 WO 2005082282A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stent
- precursor
- shape memory
- receptacle
- memory material
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/12—Devices for detecting or locating foreign bodies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/91508—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other the meander having a difference in amplitude along the band
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/91525—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other within the whole structure different bands showing different meander characteristics, e.g. frequency or amplitude
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/91533—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
- A61F2002/91541—Adjacent bands are arranged out of phase
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/91558—Adjacent bands being connected to each other connected peak to peak
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
- A61F2230/0054—V-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2240/00—Manufacturing or designing of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2240/001—Designing or manufacturing processes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0096—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
- A61F2250/0098—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/496—Multiperforated metal article making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49863—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part
- Y10T29/49865—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part by temperature differential [e.g., shrink fit]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the attachment of markers to implantable medical devices, in particular a method of attaching radiopaque markers to stents for enhancing the visibility of the device when viewed through a fluoroscope or other imaging device.
- stents stent-grafts, vena cava filters, and so forth
- body lumens such as arteries to reinforce, support, repair or otherwise enhance the blood flow through the lumen.
- Stents are commonly used where an artery is blocked, or otherwise damaged. The stent, once in place, reinforces that portion of the artery allowing normal blood flow to occur through the artery.
- a radial expandable stent This is a tubular or cylindrical stent which can be radially expanded from a first smaller diameter to a second larger diameter.
- stents are either self-expanding, or are pressure-expandable.
- the stents are inserted into an artery through the use of a stent delivery device and are fed internally through the arterial pathways of the patient until the unexpanded stent is located where desired.
- the catheter may either be fitted with a balloon in the case of a pressure expandable stent, or with stent retaining sleeves in the case of a self-expanding device.
- These expandable stents have properties such that they remain expanded after the catheter has been removed. In the use of radially expandable surgical stents, it is important to precisely determine the position of the stent, both before, during and after it is implanted and expanded.
- Stents are typically formed of metals or metal alloys including stainless steel, shape memory alloys, such as nickel-titanium alloys, or some other such alloy which in and of themselves are not readily visible using fluoroscopic imaging techniques.
- shape memory alloys such as nickel-titanium alloys, or some other such alloy which in and of themselves are not readily visible using fluoroscopic imaging techniques.
- stents have been paired with image markers to visualize the stent during the time that they are being deployed and also after they have been deployed, at periodic time intervals.
- markers such that marker is carried by the stent.
- Methods of attaching radiopaque material to medical devices through various mechanical and bonding techniques have previously been disclosed. Examples of such methods may be found in U.S. 5741327, U.S. 6022374, U.S. 6334871, U.S.
- Prior methods can have various limitations. Among other things, through various prior attaching methods, the resulting stents have burs, weld markings and/or deformation markings on the marker or the stent. Prior methods can also be tedious in the attachment to the stent resulting in decreased efficiency in production, and they can also be difficult to attach in a precise location. There continues to be a need in the art for new and improved radiopaque markers for use on radially expandable stents which can be utilized on stents of all different sizes and provide clear images on a fluoroscope or other medical imaging device. Furthermore, there remains a need in the art for a simple method of fabrication for such radiopaque stents.
- the present invention is directed toward a method of attaching markers to medical devices by using the superelastic and/or shape memory properties of shape memory materials.
- the method involves providing a medical device, such as stent, which is at least partially made of a shape memory material.
- a receptacle such as a hole or eyelet, is provided in the shape memory material of the medical device.
- the marker is to be made of a material which is observable via an imaging device, such as x-ray or MRI devices.
- the shape memory material which forms the receptacle has a martensitic phase and an austenitic phase. Such materials are well known in the art.
- the device is first cooled to, at or below, its martensite start temperature, preferably, at or below the martensite finish temperature.
- the receptacle is than expanded by placing strain on the shape memory material.
- the marker is then placed within the receptacle.
- the shape memory material is then heated to, at or above, the material's austenite start temperature, preferably, at or above the austenite finish temperature.
- the marker is thereby engaged and held fast by the shrinking receptacle.
- Such medical device include, but are not limited to, stents, stent-grafts, vena cava filters, and so forth.
- the present inventive method allows for the attachment of markers onto medical devices using the superelastic properties of shape memory material without the use of certain processes, such as swaging, welding or brazing the marker into a precut hole.
- the present method may allow one to attach markers to medical devices without resulting markings, such as burrs, burns or deformation marks. It also provides the ability to attach brittle or low percentage strain to failure markers, which cannot be swaged or welded, as well as more predictable securement performance.
- Figure 1 shows an illustrative stent, which is presented in sheet form.
- Figure 2 shows an isolated portion of the stent of figure 1.
- Figure 3 shows an illustrative stent having inserted markers.
- Figure 4 shows an illustrative stent, which is presented in sheet form.
- Figure 5 shows an isolated portion of the stent of figure 4.
- Stents may be made by shaping metal wire into desired configurations, linking a plurality of tubular shaped configurations or cutting a particular shape from a sheet of material and subsequently rolling it to form the desired stent.
- Many stents themselves are made from shape memory material.
- the receptacle may be formed in a desired location in the body of the stent material.
- a receptacle when the material used to form the body of the stent is not shape memory material, a receptacle must be secured to the body of the stent material, using suitable bonding techniques.
- the receptacle which eventually holds the marker, may take a variety of forms and shapes and be made of any shape memory or super elastic alloy which is suitable for implantable medical devices.
- a circular shape is shown in the accompanying illustrations, although any shape, including shapes with corners and multiple sides.
- the receptacle must merely comprise sufficient inner surfaces so as to, when contracted, adequately constrict around and hold the marker.
- a stent is generally shown at 10 in the flat form.
- This particular illustrative stent 10 comprises a plurality of struts 12 joining to form the wall of the stent 10.
- extending from two joining struts, as shown at 14, is a receptacle support 16.
- the receptacle support 16 carries the receptacle 18, which, is this case, is circular in shape.
- the receptacle may be attached to the body of the stent or, as shown here, may be formed from the stent material a part of the overall design.
- the receptacle 18 comprises shape memory material. After the receptacle 18 is formed, it is taken to or below its martensite finish temperature. It should be understood that the formation of the stent body may be completed prior to the addition of the marker(s). Prior to cooling of the receptacle, the receptacle is sized the same or slightly smaller than a marker which is to be inserted.
- the shape memory material which forms the receptacle has a martensitic phase and an austenitic phase. Such materials are well l ⁇ iown in the art. Actual martensitic start and finish temperatures are dependent upon material type and process history.
- the device, or at least the receptacle is first cooled to a temperature below the material's martensite start temperature. In one embodiment, the material is cooled to, at or below, its martensite finish temperature.
- the receptacle is then maintained in its martensitic state below the materials As (Austenite start) temperature.
- the inner confines 20 of the receptacle 18 are then enlarged to receive a marker 22. This enlarging may be accomplished via any suitable means.
- the inner surfaces of the receptacle 18, which define the inner confines 20, are strained to increase the inner confines 20 to a point which is adequate to receive the marker 22. This may be done, among other ways, by inserting a tapered mandrel to expand the hole.
- the tapered mandrel may optionally be placed in an expandable hypo tube, the hypo tube having been placed in the hole.
- the hypo tube is used so as to not damage the hole with the insertion of the mandrel.
- the hole is increased in size dependent upon the size of the marker.
- the strain imparted to the hole should not exceed that which would impart permanent deformation of the material. Strain application and dimension guidelines are dependent upon the specific material type being used.
- the hole is increased in size by applying 8-10% strain.
- a hole about 0.025 inches in diameter would be increased by about 0.0025 inches, i.e. about 10%.
- the hole should be sized so as to allow the marker to have a zero force fit. For the above hole of about 0.025 inches, this would be about 0.0025 inches in clearance in the receptacle's cold state.
- the marker 22 is then placed within the inner confines 20 of the receptacle 18.
- the receptacle 18 is then heated to or above its austenite finish temperature. As this heating occurs, the inner confines 20 of the receptacle 18 are reduced and the inner surfaces of the receptacle 18 engage and grip the marker 22, as shown in figure 3.
- the marker After the marker is inserted, it may be locally heated prior to heating the entire stent to cause the opening to close in around it. This allows multiple markers to be placed prior to heating the entire stent.
- the shape memory material is then heated to a point at, or above, the material's austenite start temperature, preferably, at or above the material's austenite finish temperature.
- the marker is thereby engaged and held fast by the shrinking receptacle.
- Another variation of the above method would be to strain the material first, and then cool the material to a temperature, at or below the Ms temperature, as discussed above. In this variation, the martensitic phase would be stress induced and thereafter the temperature would be maintained.
- Figure 4 illustrates a further possible positioning of a marker in a stent.
- the receptacle 24 is positioned at the interior of the stent 26 body.
- the receptacle 24, in this particular embodiment, is formed within one of the stent' s 26 struts 12.
- the receptacle 26 may be a separate shape memory piece or it may be part of the stent material if the material which makes up the stent is shape memory material.
- Figure 5 shows a blown up portion of the stent 26, illustrating the marker's 22 placement within the receptacle 24. Markers are well known in the present field of art. Markers are used to improve opacity under fluoroscopy.
- radiopaque markers are connected to the stent using the inventive method described herein. Suitable types of markers are determined by the imaging device being used to identify the marker within the body. Radiopaque markers are most commonly used in the placement of stents. They include, but are not limited to, tantalum, gold, iridium and platinum. MRI sensitive materials may also be used when MRI is used to identify the positioning of the marker. Similarly, ultrasonic markers may be added when ultrasound is used. As mentioned above, the marker may be added to a finished stent or prior to polishing.
- the present inventive method may apply to the attachment of markers to other implantable medical devices, such as, but not limited to stent-grafts, distal protection filters, embolic coils, grafts, and vena cava filters.
- the methods disclosed herein may be utilized with catheters and guidewires.
- a receptacle may be formed as part of the medical devices and manipulated using the properties of shape memory materials to receive and constrict around a chosen marker.
- other items, other than markers may be attached to medical devices using the inventive method. Such item include, but are not limited to, sensors, batteries, sleeves or coverings, cavities or cups for containing drugs, filters, wires, tubes and processing chips.
- the present inventive method allows the attachment of materials that are rigid, that cannot be swaged or that are not plastically deformable without leaving deformation marks as the result of insertion.
- the present inventive techniques may be used in joining other materials, such as guidewires to other elements of a catheter, wires of different materials, such nitinol wires to non-nitinol wires, and catheter tubes made of different materials.
- the present invention is also directed to stents having shape memory receptacles with markers being positioned therein.
- the present invention is also directed toward medical devices manufactured using any of the inventive techniques disclosed herein.
- the invention is also directed to embodiments having other combinations of "the dependent features claimed below and other combinations of the features described above.
- any dependent claim which follows should be taken as alternatively written in a multiple dependent form from all prior claims which possess all antecedents referenced in such dependent claim if such multiple dependent format is an accepted format within the jurisdiction (e.g. each claim depending directly from claim 1 should be alternatively taken as depending from all previous claims).
- the following dependent claims should each be also taken as alternatively written in each singly dependent claim format which creates a dependency from a prior antecedent-possessing claim other than the specific claim listed in such dependent claim below.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04815937A EP1713415A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2004-12-29 | Process method for attaching radio opaque markers to shape memory stent |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/774,922 US7243408B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2004-02-09 | Process method for attaching radio opaque markers to shape memory stent |
US10/774,922 | 2004-02-09 |
Publications (1)
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PCT/US2004/043948 WO2005082282A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2004-12-29 | Process method for attaching radio opaque markers to shape memory stent |
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US (1) | US7243408B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1713415A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005082282A1 (en) |
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US20050172471A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
US7243408B2 (en) | 2007-07-17 |
EP1713415A1 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
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