WO2005035870A1 - Apparatus for drying a tissue web - Google Patents
Apparatus for drying a tissue web Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005035870A1 WO2005035870A1 PCT/US2004/004237 US2004004237W WO2005035870A1 WO 2005035870 A1 WO2005035870 A1 WO 2005035870A1 US 2004004237 W US2004004237 W US 2004004237W WO 2005035870 A1 WO2005035870 A1 WO 2005035870A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- baffle
- drying cylinder
- external
- plates
- support
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F5/18—Drying webs by hot air
- D21F5/182—Drying webs by hot air through perforated cylinders
Definitions
- throughdryers In the manufacture of high-bulk tissue products, such as facial tissue, bath tissue, paper towels, and the like, it is common to use one or more throughdryers for partially drying the web or to bring the tissue web to a final dryness or near-final dryness.
- throughdryers typically include a rotating cylinder having an upper deck that supports a drying fabric which, in turn, supports the web being dried.
- heated air is passed through the web in order to dry the web.
- heated air is provided by a hood above the drying cylinder.
- heated air is provided to a center area of the drying cylinder and passed through to the hood.
- throughdryers When incorporated into a papermaking system, throughdryers offer many and various benefits and advantages. For example, throughdryers are capable of drying tissue webs without compressing the web. Thus, moisture is removed from the webs without the webs losing a substantial amount of bulk or caliber. In fact, throughdryers, in some applications, may even serve to increase the bulk of the web. Throughdryers are also known to contribute to various other important properties and characteristics of the webs. The use of throughdryers, however, can be expensive. For instance, in addition to the capital costs associated with the equipment, throughdryers have relatively high energy requirements. Therefore, a need currently exists for a system and process for reducing the energy costs associated with throughdryers, while still retaining all the benefits and advantages to using throughdryers.
- the present invention is directed to a system and process for through-air drying paper webs, majnly tissue webs.
- the present invention is directed to an apparatus for drying a tissue web that comprises a through-air dryer.
- the through-air dryer includes a porous drying cylinder configured to permit gas flow therethrough and a hood surrounding a portion of the drying cylinder leaving an open free end.
- a throughdrying fabric is wrapped around the drying cylinder from an upstream point to a downstream point.
- the throughdrying fabric may be guided around the drying cylinder, for instance, by an upstream guide device and a downstream guide device.
- the apparatus further includes an external baffle positioned over the open free end of theidrying cylinder.
- the external baffle comprises at least 2 plates. The plates are connected together in a manner that permits thermal expansion of the baffle. The external baffle shields the open free end of the drying cylinder from external air, thus minimizing shell dump.
- the plates that comprise the external baffle are connected by a connection device. At least one of the plates defines a slot that surrounds the connection device that permits relative movement of the plates.
- the plates of the baffle may be connected in a manner such that the plates are allowed to slide over one another when undergoing thermal expansion.
- the external baffle may be used in connection with an internal baffle positioned within the drying cylinder.
- the external baffle extends from the downstream point to the upstream point of the throughdrying fabric without contacting the fabric.
- each end of the baffle may have an adjustable length for positioning the external baffle appropriately.
- Each end of the baffle may also be coated with an anti-friction coating, such as a TEFLON fluoro-carbon coating, should contact occur between the baffle and the fabric.
- the apparatus can also include a baffle support for positioning the external baffle adjacent to the drying cylinder.
- the baffle support can be in fluid communication with a cooling system configured to cool the baffle support. By cooling the baffle support, the baffle support is capable of maintaining the ends of the baffle in a fixed position during thermal expansion of the baffle.
- the baffle support may include a plurality of hollow support elements spaced along the external baffle. The support elements may be in fluid communication with each other for receiving a cooling fluid.
- the cooling system used to cool the baffle support may include a cooling fluid source in communication with at least one cooling fluid channel that is formed in the baffle support.
- the cooling fluid may be, for instance, a liquid or a gas, such as water or air.
- the apparatus of the present invention may be configured such that the throughdrying fabric conveys the tissue web through the through-air dryer without contacting any papermaking rolls. Contact with a paperr ⁇ aking roll may damage the tissue web or create pinholes.
- Figure 1 is a side view of one embodiment of a papermaking system in accordance with the present invention
- Figure 2 is a side view of one embodiment of a through-air dryer made according to the present invention
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an external baffle for use with a through-air dryer in accordance with the present invention
- Figure 4 is a side view of the external baffle illustrated in Figure 3
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an external baffle made in accordance with the present invention
- Figure 6 is a side view of the external baffle illustrated in Figure 5
- Figure 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an external baffle made in accordance with the present invention.
- the present invention is directed to an improved system and process for through-air drying paper webs, particularly tissue webs. More particularly, the efficiency of a through-air dryer is improved according to the present invention by placing an external baffle adjacent to an open free end of a drying cylinder contained in the through-air dryer. The external baffle shields the open free end of the drying cylinder from external air. In this manner, ambient air is prevented from being entrained in the drying cylinder as the drying.
- the system includes a head box 10 which injects and deposits a stream of an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers between a first forming fabric 12 and a second forming fabric 14.
- the forming fabric 14 serves to support the newly-formed wet web 16 downstream in the process as the web is partially dewatered to a, consistency of about 10 dry weight percent. Additional dewatering of the wet web 16 can be carried out, such as by vacuum suction, using one or more vacuum boxes 18.
- the vacuum box 18 is positioned below the forming fabric 14.
- the vacuum box 18 applies a suction force to the wet web thereby removing moisture from the web.
- the wet web 16 is transferred to a transfer fabric 20.
- the transfer may be carried out using any suitable mechanism. As shown in Figure 1 , in this embodiment, the transfer of the web from the forming fabric 14 to the transfer fabric 20 is done with the assistance of a vacuum shoe 22.
- the web 16 may be transferred from the forming fabric 14 to the transfer fabric 20 while the transfer fabric 20 is traveling at a slower speed than the forming fabric 14.
- the transfer fabric may be moving at a speed that is at least 5%, at least 8%, or at least 10% slower than the speed of the forming fabric.
- the tissue web 6 is transferred to a throughdrying fabric 24 and carried around a drying cylinder 26 of a through-air dryer generally 28.
- the through-air dryer 28 includes a hood 30.
- Hot air used to dry the tissue web 16 is created by a burner 32. More particularly, a fan 34 forces hot air created by the burner 32 into the hood 30.
- Hood 30 directs the hot air through the tissue web 16 carried on the throughdrying fabric 24. The hot air is drawn through the web and through the drying cylinder 26 which is perforated.
- the drying cylinder has a honeycomb-type structure that permits air flow through the drying cylinder but yet has sufficient integrity for use in the process. At least a portion of the hot air is re-circulated back to the burner 32 using the fan 34. In one embodiment, in order to avoid the build-up of moisture in the system, a portion of the spent heated air is vented, while a proportionate amount of fresh make-up air is fed to the burner 32. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 , heated air travels from the hood 30 through the drying cylinder 26. It should be understood, however, that in other embodiments, the heated air may be fed through the drying cylinder 26 and then forced into the hood 30.
- the tissue web 16 While supported by the throughdrying fabric 24, the tissue web 16 is dried to a final consistency of, for instance, about 94% or greater by the through-air dryer 28. The tissue web 16 is then transferred to a second transfer fabric 36. From the second transfer fabric 36, the dried tissue web 16 may be further supported by an optional carrier fabric 38 and transported to a reel 40. Once wound into a roll, the tissue web 16 may then be sent to a converting process for being calendered, embossed, cut and/or packaged as desired. In the system and process shown in Figure 1 , only a single through-air dryer 28 is shown. It should be understood, however, that the system may include a plurality of through-air dryers if desired.
- a pair of through-air dryers may be arranged in series.
- One through-air dryer may be for partially drying the web while the second through-air dryer may be for completing the drying process.
- FIG 2 an isolated and enlarged view of the through-air dryer 28 is shown.
- the hood 30 surrounds a substantial portion of the drying cylinder 26.
- the hood 30 leaves an open free end of the drying cylinder 26 that remains uncovered. This open free end of the drying cylinder 26 generally also corresponds to the portion of the drying cylinder that is not wrapped by the throughdrying fabric 24.
- the through-air dryer 28 includes an internal baffle 42 positioned adjacent the open free end of the drying cylinder 26.
- internal baffles such as baffle 42
- baffle 42 are effective at preventing air from directly entering the drying cylinder 26. Air, however, may still become entrained in the drying cylinder 26 as it rotates due to the thickness of the cylinder. Specifically, air becomes entrained in the drying cylinder and, as the drying cylinder rotates, the air is allowed to enter into the center area of the cylinder.
- the through-air dryer 28 is equipped with an external baffle 50 as shown in Figures 1 and 2. As illustrated, the external baffle 50 is placed on the outside of the drying cylinder 26 adjacent to the open free end. The external baffle 50 extends from an upstream point of the throughdrying fabric to a downstream point of the throughdrying fabric. For most applications, however, the baffle does not contact the throughdrying fabric.
- the external baffle 50 prevents air from being entrained in the drying cylinder as the drying cylinder rotates. Inclusion of the baffle 50 can significantly increase the overall efficiency of the through-air dryer 28.
- the external baffle 50 as shown in Figures 1 and 2 may be used in conjunction with the internal baffle 42.
- the through-air dryer 28 contains two levels of protection for preventing ambient air from infiltrating the system.
- the external baffle 50 may be used to replace the internal baffle 42. By replacing the internal baffle, the construction of the through-air dryer becomes simplified. For instance, internal supports needed to support the internal baffle are no longer necessary. Referring to Figures 3 and 4, one embodiment of an external baffle 50 is shown.
- the external baffle 50 includes a plurality of baffle plates connected to a baffle support system.
- the baffle support system maintains the baffle in correct position.
- the external baffle includes a first baffle plate 52 and a second baffle plate 54.
- a baffle support generally 56 includes a plurality of support elements 58, 60 and 62 that are connected to the baffle plates.
- each support element is connected to a connection device 66, 68 and 70 which further connect the baffle support 56 to the baffle plates 52 and 54.
- the connection devices connect to the baffle plates 52 and 54 where they intersect.
- the external baffle 50 increases in temperature.
- through-air dryers are typically operated at temperatures of from about 200° F to about 500° F.
- the present inventors have recognized that the baffle, in most applications, will undergo thermal expansion.
- the external baffle 50 may change position and contact either the throughdrying fabric or the drying cylinder.
- the external baffle 50 is designed to maintain the same seal clearance with the throughdrying fabric independent of operating temperature. Since all expansion takes place between the supports 58, 60 and 62, movement of the baffle at the critical juncture between the extremities of the plates 52 and 54 is minimized, reducing the risk of contact between the plates and the fabric and the dryer surface.
- the external baffle 50 as shown in Figures 3 and 4 is made out of a plurality of plates which are movable relative to one another when undergoing thermal expansion.
- the baffle plates 52 and 54 are connected to the baffle support 56 which is maintained at ambient temperature.
- the plates 52 and 54 are permitted to slide over each other, while the baffle support 56 remains at ambient temperature and continues to support the baffle in the same location.
- the baffle plates 52 and 54 are capable of sliding over each other along the center of the baffle where the connection devices 66, 68 and 70 are located.
- at least one of the baffle plates defines a slot through which the connection devices extend.
- baffle plate 52 defines slots 74, 76 and 78.
- the slots permit the baffle plate 52 to slide over the baffle plate 54 in the machine direction during thermal expansion.
- Baffle plate 54 can similarly include slots if desired.
- the baffle plates 52 and 54 are held on the connection devices 66, 68 and 70 by retaining rings 82, 84 and 86.
- the retaining rings can be, for instance, threaded nuts or any other suitable device.
- the baffle support 56 holds the baffle plates 52 and 54 in position, even during thermal expansion.
- the baffle support also prevents the baffle plates from being drawn against the drying cylinder during operation of the through-air dryer 28.
- the slots 74, 76 and 78 permit the baffle plates 52 and 54 to move relative to one another in the machine direction.
- similar slots 75 and 77 may be included on the baffle support for permitting thermal expansion in the cross machine direction.
- the slots 75 and 77 are formed integral with the support elements 58 and 62. In an alternative embodiment, however; the slots 75 and 77 may be formed into the baffle plates themselves. Thermal expansion takes place in the cross machine direction due to the difference in temperature between the baffle plates and the baffle support.
- baffle plates are free to expand jn both the machine direction and the cross machine direction without buckling and contacting the through-air dryer, the fabric, or the rolls while maintaining a seal.
- the baffle support 56 is connected to a cooling system for maintaining the baffle support at ambient or cooler temperatures.
- each of the support elements 58, 60 and 62 are hollow or contain appropriate cooling fluid channels.
- Each of the support elements 58, 60 and 62 are in fluid communication via a cooling conduit 90.
- the cooling conduit 90 is connected to a cooling fluid source which circulates a cooling fluid throughout the baffle support.
- the cooling fluid may be, for instance, ambient air, another suitable gas, water, or any other suitable liquid.
- the baffle support maintains the ends of the baffle plate in a fixed position in order to prevent the baffle plate from contacting the throughdrying fabric or other parts of the through-air dryer.
- the baffle plates 52 and 54 may be made from any suitable material.
- the baffle plates may be made from a metal, such as steel.
- the external baffle 50 may include more than 2 baffle plates as shown in Figure 3.
- the external baffle 50 may comprise a single baffle plate.
- a single plate may be used.
- a single plate may also be designed if the temperature difference between the plate and the baffle support in conjunction with the thermal expansion coefficient of the plate are accounted for. For example, if the plate and the baffle support are made from the same material, only the relative temperature differences between the two structures must be accounted for. When dissimilar materials are used, however, the thermal expansion coefficient and the temperature difference must both be taken into account.
- the baffle plate may be made from a material having a lower amount of thermal expansion and may be used in conjunction with a baffle support that is maintained at a temperature that is always within a preset temperature range relative to the baffle plate in order to minimize the effects of thermal expansion.
- FIGs 5 and 6 another embodiment of an external baffle generally 50 made in accordance with the present invention as shown.
- the baffle 50 includes a first baffle plate 52 and a second baffle plate 54.
- the piates 52 and 54 are connected to a baffle support 56.
- the baffle support 56 is connected to a cooling system for maintaining the baffle support at lower temperatures.
- the external baffle 50 further includes adjustable ends.
- the baffle 50 includes a first end segment 92 and a second end segment 94.
- the end segments 92 and 94 have an adjustable position with respect to the baffle plates.
- the end segments 92 and 94 telescope inward and outward for allowing the external baffle 50 to be precisely positioned with respect to the drying cylinder 26, the throughdrying fabric 24, and the hood 30.
- the ends of the baffle 50 may be positioned as close as possible to the throughdrying fabric 24 without contacting the fabric.
- the ends of the baffle may be placed within about inch of the throughdrying fabric at the upstream end and at the downstream end of the fabric.
- the ends of the baffle 50 may also overlap with the ends of the hood 30.
- the external baffle 50 includes single end segments 92 and 94 positioned on each side of the baffle. It should be understood, however, that further end segments may be included in the construction in order to permit greater adjustment capabilities. For instance, multiple end segments may be included with the baffle to provide a telescoping effect.
- FIG 7 another embodiment of an external baffle generally 50 made in accordance with the present invention is shown. Again, like reference numerals have been included to represent similar elements.
- the external baffle 50 as shown in Figure 7, includes a first baffle plate 52 and a second baffle plate 54.
- the first baffle plate 52 is connected to a first end segment 92 and the second baffle plate 54 is connected to a second end segment 94.
- each of the end segments 92 and 94 include an anti-friction coating 96.
- the anti-friction coating 96 is to prevent baffle wear and fabric wear should the baffle contact the throughdrying fabric 24 when positioned adjacent to the drying cylinder 26.
- the anti-friction coating can be made from any suitable material. The particular material chosen may depend upon the material that is used to form the end segments 92 and 94. In one embodiment, for instance, the anti-friction coating 96 may be made from a fluoro-carbon material.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2004280222A AU2004280222B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-02-13 | Apparatus for drying a tissue web |
EP04711144A EP1664424B1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-02-13 | Apparatus for drying a tissue web |
DE602004021707T DE602004021707D1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-02-13 | DEVICE FOR DRYING A TISSUE RAIL |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/661,826 US6904700B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2003-09-12 | Apparatus for drying a tissue web |
US10/661,826 | 2003-09-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005035870A1 true WO2005035870A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
Family
ID=34393330
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2004/004237 WO2005035870A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-02-13 | Apparatus for drying a tissue web |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6904700B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1664424B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004280222B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004021707D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005035870A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7721464B2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2010-05-25 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | System and process for throughdrying tissue products |
US20050204581A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-22 | Metso Paper Karlstad Aktiebolag (Ab) | Drying section for a papermaking machine and associated apparatus and method |
US20070180729A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Girolamo Paul A | Blow box apparatus |
US7716850B2 (en) * | 2006-05-03 | 2010-05-18 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Energy-efficient yankee dryer hood system |
DE102006051392A1 (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-04-30 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Pressure hood fits over heated drying cylinder in papermaking machine and is fitted with seal which can be inserted into it, preferably when in position on cylinder |
DE102007006960A1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-14 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Device for drying a fibrous web |
CN103498380A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-01-08 | 恒天重工股份有限公司 | Drying device applied to producing high-breathability paper products in papermaking industry |
FR3030584B1 (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2019-05-10 | Andritz Perfojet Sas | WATER EXTRACTION FACILITY |
WO2017151096A1 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Through-air drying apparatus and methods of manufacture |
US10745858B1 (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2020-08-18 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Through-air drying apparatus and methods of manufacture |
US11168442B1 (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2021-11-09 | Valmet, Inc. | Through-air apparatus with tension cam mechanism |
US11655590B1 (en) * | 2022-01-31 | 2023-05-23 | Valmet, AB | Through-air apparatus with cooling system |
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-
2003
- 2003-09-12 US US10/661,826 patent/US6904700B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-02-13 AU AU2004280222A patent/AU2004280222B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-02-13 WO PCT/US2004/004237 patent/WO2005035870A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-02-13 DE DE602004021707T patent/DE602004021707D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-13 EP EP04711144A patent/EP1664424B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4124942A (en) * | 1975-04-09 | 1978-11-14 | Valmet Oy | Method and apparatus for controlling the moisture content of a web of sheet material |
US4194947A (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1980-03-25 | Oy Nokia Ab & Valmet Oy | Transferring a web from a pick-up fabric to a flow-through drying wire |
US6199296B1 (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2001-03-13 | Valmet-Karlstad Ab | Seal arrangement for through-air drying papermaking machine |
US20030115773A1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-06-26 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Apparatus and process for throughair drying of a paper web |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050072023A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
EP1664424A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
AU2004280222A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
DE602004021707D1 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
AU2004280222B2 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
EP1664424B1 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
US6904700B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 |
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