WO2005020140A2 - Group average filter algorithm for digital image processing - Google Patents
Group average filter algorithm for digital image processing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005020140A2 WO2005020140A2 PCT/US2004/013100 US2004013100W WO2005020140A2 WO 2005020140 A2 WO2005020140 A2 WO 2005020140A2 US 2004013100 W US2004013100 W US 2004013100W WO 2005020140 A2 WO2005020140 A2 WO 2005020140A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- image
- section
- row
- intensity
- pixel
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
- G06K7/10821—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices
- G06K7/10851—Circuits for pulse shaping, amplifying, eliminating noise signals, checking the function of the sensing device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/14—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
- G06T5/20—Image enhancement or restoration by the use of local operators
-
- G06T5/73—
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20172—Image enhancement details
- G06T2207/20192—Edge enhancement; Edge preservation
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to- the field of image enhancement algorithms . More specifically, the present invention utilizes an algorithm designed to sharpen images of barcodes to aid in decoding.
- Barcodes have been utilized for identifying and pricing objects for more than thirty years. Most typically, barcodes are used in retail to identify the item of merchandise. For example, a gallon of milk may contain a barcode that, when scanned, will notify the cashier of the price of the milk. Yet in recent years, barcodes have acquired new purposes as computers and barcode scanners have become more portable. The circuitry required to scan a conventional one-dimensional barcode can now be housed in a device as small as a typical keychain. As a result, many mobile telephones, personal digital assistants ("PDAs”) , and pagers can be retrofitted with or connected to a laser-based scanning device.
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- Focus Digital cameras for portable devices are usually designed to work at a variety of distances. The need for a wider range of focus in cameras results in a trade off between the cost of the lens component and the sharpness of a typical image.
- Low-cost lens components In order to meet cost constraints of many portable device markets, manufacturers often compromise on the optical quality of camera lenses. This can present decoding technology with a different set of challenges from the simple focal length based focus problem noted above. Low-cost lens components can produce image distortions that are localized to a specific region or form a changing gradient across the image.
- the present invention provides an algorithm designed to apply an image-processing filter which mainly suppresses the high frequencies in the image and filters the low frequencies, thus smoothing the image and enhancing the detection of edges.
- the sharpening algorithm converts the gray-scale barcode image is broken down into a two-dimensional array. Each entry in the two-dimensional array stores the intensity of a single pixel. The image is then converted to a grayscale image. Typically, this is done by mapping each color pixel to its equivalent in grayscale.
- a row of pixels from the image is selected for processing. The mean intensity of the row is computed by averaging all of the pixel intensities from the row. The row of pixels is then divided into three to ten equal sections.
- the number of sections can either be selected by the user or predetermined by the image processing algorithm.
- the mean pixel intensity of each section is also computer by averaging the pixel intensities in each section. If the mean intensity value for a section is greater than the mean intensity value for the entire row, the pixel intensities are recalculated for that section utilizing a proprietary formula. Generally, if a pixel's intensity is slightly greater than the average pixel intensity for that section, the pixel is assigned an intensity value identifying it as "white.” If a pixel's intensity is slightly less than the average pixel intensity for that section, it is assigned an intensity value identifying it as "black.” Pixels having an intensity value close to the mean value are typically not changed.
- the pixel intensities are recalculated for that section utilizing a similar proprietary formula. Generally, if a pixel's intensity is slightly greater than the average pixel intensity for that section, the pixel is assigned an intensity value identifying it as "white.” If a pixel's intensity is slightly less than the average pixel intensity for that section, it is assigned an intensity value identifying it as "black.” Pixels having an intensity value close to the mean value are typically not changed in this instance either.
- an object of the present invention to provide a group average filter capable of sharpening a row of pixels to aid in optical decoding.
- An additional object of the present invention is to provide an image enhancement algorithm which divides a row of pixels from an image into sections prior to processing.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an image enhancement algorithm which utilizes the mean intensity for the row of pixels in processing each section of the row.
- FIG. 1 depicts a flowchart showing the process utilized to sharpen an image.
- FIG. 2A depicts a typical barcode image acquired using a digital camera.
- FIG. 2B depicts the barcode of FIG. 5B after it has undergone sharpening utilizing the sharpening filter of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shown is a flowchart depicting the steps of the image enhancement algorithm of the present invention.
- the image enhancement algorithm has been shown to be particularly effective for sharpening rows of pixels from a barcode image.
- the sharpening algorithm converts the barcode image into a two-dimensional array in step 101. Each entry in the two-dimensional array stores the intensity value of a single pixel.
- n is the image width and m is the image height.
- the image is then converted to a grayscale image in step 103 by mapping each pixel to its grayscale representative. In the preferred embodiment, this is done utilizing a standard color to grayscale filter.
- a row of pixels from the image is selected for processing in step 105.
- the mean intensity of the row is then computed by averaging all of the pixel intensities from the row in step 107.
- n is the number of pixels in the row and y is the horizontal pixel value of the selected row.
- the row of pixels is then divided into three to ten equal sections in step 109.
- the number of sections can either be selected by the user or predetermined by the image processing algorithm.
- the mean pixel intensity of each section is then computed by averaging the intensities of the pixels in each section in step 111.
- the value of P can either be user defined or selected by the algorithm.
- the function "pixelcolor (x,y) " refers to the pixel intensity stored in that particular entry in the two dimensional array which defines the image.
- the pixel intensity values assigned to "white” and “black” depend upon the image format being used. For example, in a 256 color grayscale image, pixel intensities of zero would be assigned to "white” and 256 would be assigned to "black.” Pixels having an intensity value close to the mean value are typically not changed in this instance either.
- the value of P can either be user defined or selected by the algorithm.
- the function "pixelcolor (x, y) " refers to the pixel intensity stored in that particular entry in the two dimensional array which defines the image.
- the pixel intensity values assigned to "white” and “black” depend upon the image format being used.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US49379203P | 2003-08-11 | 2003-08-11 | |
US60/493,792 | 2003-08-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005020140A2 true WO2005020140A2 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
WO2005020140A3 WO2005020140A3 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/US2004/013100 WO2005020140A2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2004-04-28 | Group average filter algorithm for digital image processing |
Country Status (2)
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US (2) | US7242816B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005020140A2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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US7156311B2 (en) | 2003-07-16 | 2007-01-02 | Scanbuy, Inc. | System and method for decoding and analyzing barcodes using a mobile device |
US7245780B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2007-07-17 | Scanbuy, Inc. | Group average filter algorithm for digital image processing |
US7296747B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2007-11-20 | Michael Rohs | Visual code system for camera-equipped mobile devices and applications thereof |
US7309015B2 (en) | 2004-07-14 | 2007-12-18 | Scanbuy, Inc. | Mobile device gateway providing access to instant information |
US7520419B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2009-04-21 | Bml Medrecordsalert Llc | Method for transmitting medical information identified by a unique identifier |
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US8016187B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2011-09-13 | Scanbury, Inc. | Mobile payment system using barcode capture |
US8150163B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2012-04-03 | Scanbuy, Inc. | System and method for recovering image detail from multiple image frames in real-time |
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2004
- 2004-04-27 US US10/832,319 patent/US7242816B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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-
2006
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7156311B2 (en) | 2003-07-16 | 2007-01-02 | Scanbuy, Inc. | System and method for decoding and analyzing barcodes using a mobile device |
US7287696B2 (en) | 2003-07-16 | 2007-10-30 | Scanbuy, Inc. | System and method for decoding and analyzing barcodes using a mobile device |
US7245780B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2007-07-17 | Scanbuy, Inc. | Group average filter algorithm for digital image processing |
US7296747B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2007-11-20 | Michael Rohs | Visual code system for camera-equipped mobile devices and applications thereof |
US7309015B2 (en) | 2004-07-14 | 2007-12-18 | Scanbuy, Inc. | Mobile device gateway providing access to instant information |
US7578432B2 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2009-08-25 | Bml Medrecords Alert Llc | Method for transmitting medical information identified by a unique identifier barcode to a hospital |
US7520419B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2009-04-21 | Bml Medrecordsalert Llc | Method for transmitting medical information identified by a unique identifier |
US8016187B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2011-09-13 | Scanbury, Inc. | Mobile payment system using barcode capture |
US8150163B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2012-04-03 | Scanbuy, Inc. | System and method for recovering image detail from multiple image frames in real-time |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7245780B2 (en) | 2007-07-17 |
US20060193530A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
WO2005020140A3 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
US7242816B2 (en) | 2007-07-10 |
US20050035206A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
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