WO2005016358A1 - Anthelmintic formulations - Google Patents
Anthelmintic formulations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005016358A1 WO2005016358A1 PCT/US2004/025006 US2004025006W WO2005016358A1 WO 2005016358 A1 WO2005016358 A1 WO 2005016358A1 US 2004025006 W US2004025006 W US 2004025006W WO 2005016358 A1 WO2005016358 A1 WO 2005016358A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- formulation
- ivermectin
- anthelmintic
- active ingredient
- pyrantel
- Prior art date
Links
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- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-CTQIIAAMSA-N sorbitan Polymers OCC(O)C1OCC(O)[C@@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-CTQIIAAMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004304 subcutaneous tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/513—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cytosine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/7048—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to anthelmintic formulations which can have significant parasiticidal activity as anthelmintics, ectoparasiticides, insecticides and acaricides in animal health and more particularly to solid anthelmintic formulations containing ivermectin.
- ivermectin is hygroscopic and therefore tends to be undesirably unstable. It has also been seen that ivermectin is unstable in both acidic and basic solutions and is susceptible to photodegradation and oxidative degradation. Accordingly, it is very difficult to prepare a solid composition, such as a tablet, containing ivermectin without having to resort to using a large amount of filler material to make up the bulk of the tablet in order to maintain the integrity of the compound and even then, degradation problems can exist.
- a pharmaceutical formulation for use in the treatment of helminthiasis of mammals, and particularly tapeworm, hookworm, roundworm and heartworm of domestic animals and farm animals. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of treating helminthiasis in mammals, which method comprises administering to the mammal in need thereof, an anthelmintically effective amount of a pharmaceutical formulation of the invention.
- the present invention also provides a composition and a method for preparing a pharmaceutical formulation containing ivermectin and a method and composition that can contain ivermectin plus other active compositions such as hexahydropyrazinoisoquinolines and anthelmintic pyrimidines such as tetrahydropyrimidines. Examples of these include praziquantel and pyrantel, respectively. Formulations in accordance with the invention can remain stable for over one month, and typically, much longer.
- One preferred method involves isolating the ivermectin through granulation in particular, spray granulation.
- the other drugs can also be granulated or spray granulated.
- the granules can be left in a powder form, tabletted or encapsulated.
- One method of preparation of the formulation comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a first and second or a first, second and third (or more) combination including the first and second or the first, second and third active ingredient, respectively;
- the present invention relates to anthelmintic active compound combinations including averaiectins, hexahydropyrazinoisoquinolines and anthelmintic pyrimidines such as tetrahydropyrimidines.
- Acceptable tetrahydropyrimidines include, for example, pyrantel, morantel and oxantel.
- Acceptable hexahydropyrazinoisoquinolines include, for example, praziquantel.
- Other acceptable actives include benzazepines and salicylamides.
- Acceptable avermectins include, for example, ivermectin, doramectin, selamectin and abamectin.
- a formulation of active ingredients comprising ivermectin, praziquantel and pyrantel is particularly preferred.
- the active ingredients target different pathogenic organisms that can adversely affect the health of a mammal. This particular combination is particularly effective in fighting a wide variety of organisms.
- administering three physically separate pharmaceutical compositions to an animal is undesirable and it has been determined that it would be beneficial to combine the ingredients into one formulation, in particular one tablet (or capsule) containing a pharmaceutically effective amount of the active ingredients, thereby decreasing the number of administrations of formulations to the animal.
- the disease or group of diseases described generally as helminthiasis is due to infestation of an animal host with parasitic worms known as helminths.
- Helminthiasis is a prevalent and serious economic problem in domesticated animals such as swine, sheep, horses, cattle, goats, dogs, cats and poultry.
- the group of worms described as nematodes causes widespread and often times serious infection in various species of animals.
- Still other parasites may be located in other tissues and organs of the body such as the heart and blood vessels, subcutaneous and lymphatic tissue and the like.
- the parasitic infections known as helminthiases lead to anemia, malnutrition, weakness, weight loss, severe damage to the walls of the intestinal tract and other tissues and organs and, if left untreated, may result in death of the infected host.
- the antiparasitic agents of this invention find their primary use in the treatment and/or prevention of helminthiasis, they are also useful in the prevention and treatment of diseases caused by other parasites, for example, arthropod parasites such as ticks, lice, fleas, mites and other biting insects in domesticated animals and poultry. Repeat treatments are given as required to combat re-infestations and are dependent upon the species of parasite. The techniques for administering these materials to animals are known to those skilled in the field of veterinary medicine.
- the pets include dogs and cats.
- the formulation according to the invention is particularly preferably administered to dogs and cats, but is suitable for other mammals.
- Administration can take place both prophylactically and therapeutically .
- formulations can be administered directly or in the form of suitable preparations, enterally, parenterally or dermally.
- Enteral administration of the formulations takes place, for example, orally in the form of powder, tablets, capsules, pastes, potions, granules, orally administered solutions, suspensions and emulsions, boli, medicated feed or drinking water.
- Suitable preparations are : oral solutions and concentrates for oral administration after dilution; emulsions and suspension for oral administration; and semisolid preparations; formulations in which the active compound is processed in an ointment base or in an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion base; solid preparations, such as powders, premixes or concentrates, granules, pellets, tablets, boli and capsules, with tablets the preferred form; oral solutions are prepared by dissolving the active compound in a suitable solvent and, if appropriate, adding additives such as solubilizers, acids, bases, buffer salts, antioxidants and preservatives. The solutions are filtered and packed under sterile conditions.
- Solvents may include: physiologically acceptable solvents, such as water, alcohols, such as ethanol, butanol, benzyl alcohol, glycerol, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, N-methylpyrrolidone, and mixtures of the same.
- physiologically acceptable solvents such as water
- alcohols such as ethanol, butanol, benzyl alcohol, glycerol, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, N-methylpyrrolidone, and mixtures of the same.
- the active compounds can, if appropriate, also be dissolved in physiologically acceptable vegetable or synthetic oils.
- Solubilizers may include: solvents which promote dissolution of the active compound in the main solvent or substances which prevent precipitation of the active compound. Examples are polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyoxyethylated castor oil and polyoxyethylated sorbitan esters.
- One particularly preferred formulation of the invention comprising three active ingredients, is preferably administered in the form of capsules, more preferably tablets.
- a preferred formulation of the present invention contains 0.005 - 25% ivermectin, preferably 0.01 - 15%, and most preferably 0.012 - 5%, with 0.016% as a preferred example.
- a preferred formulation of the present invention can contain 2.0 - 58% of a secondary anthelmintic drug, such as an isoquinoline, preferably praziquantel, preferably 6 - 41%, and most preferably 11.2 - 23%, with 13.6% as a preferred example.
- a preferred formulation of the present invention can contain 1.5 - 76% of an anthelmintic pyrimidine, preferably pyrantel, preferably 6 - 52%, and most preferably 11.2 - 23%, with 13.6% as a preferred example. All percentages herein, unless otherwise evident, are on a weight basis.
- a preferred dosage of avermectin, e.g., ivermectin is about 5 - 7 ⁇ g/Kg body weight of the animal administered monthly, preferably 5.5 - 6.5 ⁇ g/Kg body weight, with 6 ⁇ g/Kg body weight as a preferred example.
- a preferred dosage of anthelmintic pyrimidines is about 4.25 - 5.75 mg/Kg body weight administered monthly, preferably 4.75 - 5.25 mg/Kg, with 5 mg as a preferred example.
- a preferred dosage of hexahydropyrazinoisoquinaline, e.g., praziquantel is about 4.25 - 5.75 mg/Kg body weight administered monthly, preferably 4.75 - 5.25 mg/Kg, with 5 mg as a preferred example.
- the active compound should be mixed with suitable excipients, if appropriate, with addition of auxiliaries, and converted to the form desired.
- One preferred method of preparation of the formulation comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a first, or a first and second, or a first, second and third combination including the first, or the first and second, or the first, second and third active ingredient, respectively, or of course, formulations involving more than three active ingredients;
- Spray granulation involves the drying of liquid (i.e., solution, suspension melt and so forth) while simultaneously building particle size.
- liquid i.e., solution, suspension melt and so forth
- the active can become "encapsulated” or substantially covered in a matrix of carrier after the spray granulation process.
- Granulation is generally performed by spraying liquid into the fluidized powder. The granules are subsequently dried with heated air.
- Suitable excipients may include physiologically acceptable inert solids such as, for example, sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, hydrogen carbonates, aluminum oxides, silicas, clays, precipitated or colloidal silicon dioxide and phosphates.
- physiologically acceptable inert solids such as, for example, sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, hydrogen carbonates, aluminum oxides, silicas, clays, precipitated or colloidal silicon dioxide and phosphates.
- Other suitable excipients may include, for example, sugar, cellulose, Croscarmellose Sodium, Aerosil, nutrients and feedstuff ' s, such as milk powder and pork liver powder, animal meals, ground and crushed cereal meals, Avicel PHI 02 and starches.
- auxiliaries can include preservatives, antioxidants and colorants. Additional suitable auxiliaries can include lubricants, such as, for example, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, talcum and bentonites, disintegration-promoting substances, such as starch or transversely crosslinked pol vinyl pyrrolidone, binders, such as, for example, starch, gelatin or linear polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and dry binders, such as microcrystalline cellulose.
- lubricants such as, for example, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, talcum and bentonites
- disintegration-promoting substances such as starch or transversely crosslinked pol vinyl pyrrolidone
- binders such as, for example, starch, gelatin or linear polyvinyl pyrrolidone
- dry binders such as microcrystalline cellulose.
- EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Tablets Containing Ivermectin. Praziquantel and Pyrantel
- the delumped material was mixed in a drum tumbler for 20 minutes.
- the mixture was added to a Diosna mixer and 10 L of purified water was gradually added with the impeller on low speed with the chopper activated for 5 minutes.
- the choppers were set on fast speed and run for 3 minutes.
- the granules were dried in a fluid bed drier and transferred to a double polythene lined suitable container.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/637,807 US7396819B2 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2003-08-08 | Anthelmintic formulations |
US10/637,807 | 2003-08-08 |
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WO2005016358A1 true WO2005016358A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
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PCT/US2004/025006 WO2005016358A1 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2004-08-03 | Anthelmintic formulations |
PCT/US2004/025005 WO2005016357A1 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2004-08-03 | Improved anthelmintic formulations |
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PCT/US2004/025005 WO2005016357A1 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2004-08-03 | Improved anthelmintic formulations |
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US (2) | US7396819B2 (en) |
WO (2) | WO2005016358A1 (en) |
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WO2015095483A1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-25 | Helminth, Inc. | Modified helminth |
RU2727935C1 (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-07-27 | Акционерное общество "Институт фармацевтических технологий" (АО "ИФТ") | Medicinal agent based on synthetic copolymer of vinylpyridine row for treating tissue helminthiasis |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7396820B2 (en) | 2008-07-08 |
US20050032718A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
WO2005016357A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
US20050032719A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
US7396819B2 (en) | 2008-07-08 |
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