WO2004112643A2 - Endovascular tissue removal device - Google Patents
Endovascular tissue removal device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004112643A2 WO2004112643A2 PCT/US2004/019267 US2004019267W WO2004112643A2 WO 2004112643 A2 WO2004112643 A2 WO 2004112643A2 US 2004019267 W US2004019267 W US 2004019267W WO 2004112643 A2 WO2004112643 A2 WO 2004112643A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tissue
- valve
- fiber
- balloon
- expandable
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000005166 vasculature Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003709 heart valve Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000001765 aortic valve Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002861 ventricular Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 13
- 210000000709 aorta Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000031481 Pathologic Constriction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002308 calcification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002612 cardiopulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003176 fibrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037804 stenosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000036262 stenosis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004351 coronary vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001105 femoral artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002695 general anesthesia Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004115 mitral valve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B18/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00238—Type of minimally invasive operation
- A61B2017/00243—Type of minimally invasive operation cardiac
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
- A61B2017/22051—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with an inflatable part, e.g. balloon, for positioning, blocking, or immobilisation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
- A61B2017/22097—Valve removal in veins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
- A61B2018/00345—Vascular system
- A61B2018/00351—Heart
- A61B2018/00369—Heart valves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00577—Ablation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2238—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with means for selectively laterally deflecting the tip of the fibre
Definitions
- This invention relates to endovascular aortic valve replacement.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,370,685 discloses a procedure device capsule connected to a tube and delivered to the site via a guide wire introduced in the femoral artery of a patient.
- the device capsule houses an expandable barrier attached to balloon segments. Once the guide wire is removed and the barrier is expanded, a tissue cutting blade assembly is advanced in the tube and rotated by a DC motor to resect the existing valve. The barrier traps any debris cut by the tissue cutting blade assembly. Tissue is then suctioned out via the tube.
- a valve introducer capsule is advanced to the situs.
- the capsule liouses a replacement valve and includes a pusher disk and inflatable balloon segments. After the balloon segments are inflated, the pusher disk pushes the replacement valve into position and a mounting balloon is used to expand the replacement valve and to secure it in place. Then, the introducer capsule is removed.
- the '685 patent is hereby incorporated herein. See also U.S. Patent Nos. 5,545,214; 6,168,614; 5,840,081; 5,411,552; 5,370,685; and published Patent Application No. U.S.2002/0058995 Al. These patents are also incorporated herein.
- tissue cutting blade assembly is less than optimal and does not provide very precise cutting especially given the fact that the native valve is made of both soft and hard tissue because it is heavily calcified or contains fibrotic tissue. Thus, the blades may buckle or bind as they alternately contact soft and hard tissue.
- U.S. 2002/0095116 Al discloses an aortic filter, an artery filter, and a check valve attached to the distal end of a cannula for resecting an aortic valve from within the aorta. The mechanism for resecting the aortic valve, however, is not disclosed.
- U.S. Patent No. 6,287,321 also discloses a percutaneous filtration catheter.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,554,185 discloses an inflatable prosthetic cardiovascular valve but does not disclose any specific method of resecting the existing or native valve.
- U.S. Patent No. 6,425,916 discloses a percutaneous approach with a valve displacer for displacing and holding the native valve leaflets open while a replacement valve is expanded inside the native valve. In this way, the native valve does not need to be resected. In many cases, however, such a procedure can not be carried out due to the poor condition of the native valve. And, because the native valve occupies space, the largest aperture possible for the replacement valve may not provide sufficient blood flow.
- the invention results from the realization that a more effective and more precise tissue cutting apparatus for endovascular heart valve replacement is effected by a number of optical fibers connected to a mechanism for spreading the fibers into position for resection by laser ablation and also for collapsing the -fibers together for vascular insertion and removal.
- This invention features an endovascular tissue removal dev ⁇ ce comprising a lumen (e.g. an optical fiber within a catheter) including a rotatable terminal hub advanceable in vasculature, at least one fiber extending from the hub for ablating tissue, and an expandable mechanism (e.g., a balloon) connected to the fiber for biasing it into position for precisely ablating tissue as the hub rota-tes.
- a lumen e.g. an optical fiber within a catheter
- an expandable mechanism e.g., a balloon
- the circumferentially expanding balloon is formed in two circumferential rings, one inside and one outside of the distal end of the fiber.
- the lumen or catheter may include an inflation conduit therein connected to the balloon.
- the fiber may " be an optical fiber or a waveguide.
- An endovascular tissue removal device in accordance with, this invention features a hub advanceable in vasculature, a plurality of fibers extending from the hub for ablating tissue, and an expandable mechanism (e.g., a balloon) connected to the plurality of fiber for spreading the fibers into position for resection and for collapsing the fibers together for vascular insertion and removal.
- an expandable mechanism e.g., a balloon
- This invention also features a method of removing a heart valve, the method comprising introducing a lumen within the vasculature of a patient to a situs proximate a heart valve to be resected, introducing ablative energy into the lumen, arid rotating the lumen to resect the heart valve.
- a tissue trap device typically surrounds the expandable * mechanism.
- the fiber preferably includes an angled distal portion to ensure only valve tissue is cut.
- a mirror may also be used for redirecting the ablation energy inward.
- An expandable mechanism such as a balloon may be included inflatable on t-tie ventricular side of the valve for supporting the leaflets of the valve.
- An absorptive surface on the expandable mechanism absorbs ablation energy.
- One endovascular tissue removal device in accordance with the invention includes a fiber advanceable within vasculature to ablate tissue, an outer expandables balloon, and an inner expandable balloon spaced from the outer expandable balloon forming a space within which the fiber travels to resect tissue.
- the outer expandable balloon is a portion of a tissue trap device
- the distal end of the fiber is angled
- an expandable mechanism is inflatable on the ventricular side of the val ⁇ ve for supporting the leaflets of the valve.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a typical human heart
- Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art inflatable barrier used in endovascular aortic valve replacement procedures
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a prior art tissue cutter used in endovascular aortic valve replacement procedures
- Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a typical human heart depicting the precise nature of the tissue ablation possible with the endovascular tissue removal device o»f the subject invention;
- Fig. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional view showing the primary components associated with an endovascular tissue removal device in accordance with trie subject invention
- Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of an endovascular tissue removal device in accordance with the subject invention rotatable wifJiin a tissue barrier device;
- Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of the subsystem shown in Fig. 6;
- Figs. 8A-8B are schematic cross-sectional views showing, in one er ⁇ bodiment, a more complete valve resection system in accordance with the subject invention.
- Fig. 9 is another schematic cross-sectional view showing how the lox-ver balloon of the system shown in Fig. 8 supports the valve leaflets;
- Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a tissue cutting subsystem in accordance with the subject invention wherein the fibe-r or fibers are attached to and rotate with the tissue trap subsystem;
- Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the subject invention where the fiber or fibers are rotatable within the tissue trap device;
- Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the tissue cutter of the subject invention wherein the fiber includes an angled distal tip portion;
- Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another embodimeot of the tissue cutter subsystem of the subject invention wherein the fiber rotates between an inner balloon and the outer balloon;
- Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of a tissue cutter device in accordance with the subject invention wherein the fiber is attached to a balloon with a mirror for redirecting the laser energy inward;
- Fig. 15 is a schematic top view showing a tissue cutting line possible in accordance with the subject invention.
- Fig. 1 schematically shows heart 10 with aorta 11, aortic valve 12, mitral vai-lv ⁇ 14, and coronary arteries 16 and 18.
- the idea behind percutaneous valve replacement surgery is to deliver a catheter 20 proximate valve 12 to resect it and to secure a replacement prosthetic valve in place. Resecting the native valve, however, is problematic.
- inflatable barriers such as barrie-x 30 with inflatable balloon segments 31, Fig. 2 used to trap tissue during resection. See also U.S. Patent No. 6,287,321 and Published Patent Application No U.S. 2002/0095116 Al. Barrier 30 traps any tissue cut during valve resection.
- tissue cutter 40 Fig. 3 with blades 42.
- Tissue cutter 40 is connected to shaft 44 rotated by a DC motor presumably at a very high rate of rotation in order to effect tissue cutting. It is also presumed that pressure must be exerted on the blades. Control of this pressure and the control of the rotation rate, however, is not disclos&d in the '321 patent.
- Fig. 1 there is no margin for error in the resection procedure. If too much tissue is cut in areas 50 or 52, for example, the aorta can be permanently damaged. Moreover, existing valve 12 (or 14) typically fails because of calcification of the valve resulting in stenosis or insufficiency. Using cutting blades for valve resection and an improper orientation or improper pressure on the cutting blades or the wrong rate of rotation can result in too little or too much tissue removal and/or imprecise cutting and/or blade buckling or binding as the blades alternately contact soft and hard (calcified) tissue.
- endovascular tissue removal device 80 Fig. 4 includes lumen 82 (e.g. an optical fiber or waveguide or a catheter enclosing an optical fiber or waveguide) with rotatable terminal hub 84 advanced in vasculatore 86.
- At least one but preferably a plurality of fi-bers 88 extend from hub 84 for ablating tissue—not by blade contact as in the prior art discussed above, but preferably by laser ablation energy.
- optical fiber or waveguide 81 in lumen 82 is connected to laser source 90. Other sources of ablation energy may also be used.
- Tissue removal device 80 also includes an expandable mechanism connected to the fibers for biasing them into position for precisely ablating tissue as hub 84 is rotated.
- the expandable mechanism is circumferentially expanding balloons 9 1 and 92, Fig. 5 which spread apart the fibers for ablation and which collapse them together for vascular insertion and removal.
- Inflation conduit 94, Fig. 4 also in lumen 84 along with the optical fiber connects inflation gas source 96 to balloons 91 and 92 and also to optional registration balloon 98 which registers hub 84 in place for rotation.
- lumen 82 is typically a multi-himen catheter.
- endovascular tissue removal device 80 is used ia conjunction with inflatable tissue barrier device 30 and is collapsible within device capsule 29.
- the subject invention is used as follows. Device capsule 29 is delivered to the site and balloon segments 31 of barrier 30 expanded. Endovascular tissue removal device 80 still in its collapsed state is then pushed out of device capsule 29 inside of barrier 30 and balloon 92 along with registration balloon 98 (Fig.4) are inflated. The physician then rotates hub 84 to resect the native valve using laser energy from source 90. After full recession, balloons 91 and 92 are deflated and tissue removal device 80 is brought back within device capsule 29.
- Tissue is then sucked out of lumen 82 and barrier 30 is brought back into device capsule 29 which is then withdrawn. Finally, a valve introducer is advanced to the site and a replacement valve is installed. Alternately, if there are numerous closely spaced fibers 88, Fig. 5, rotation of the hub may not be required to resect the native valve.
- tissue cutting is more precise by the use of electromagnetic energy in combination with the expandable balloon which spreads apart the plurality of optical fibers 88 and registration balloon 98 which registers the assembly inside the heart for resection typically as hub 84 rotates.
- the distal ends of optical fibers 88 are preferably precisely oriented to resect only valve tissue as shown by vectors 81 and 83, Fig.4.
- FIGs. 8A-8F3 A more complete system is shown in Figs. 8A-8F3 including device capsule 29 (see Figs.2 and 6), the tissue removal device (see Fig. 5), and lower balloon 100 disposable on the ventricular side of the heart valve under leaflets 102 and 104.
- Balloon 100 is connected to inflation conduit 106 which extends within multi-lumen catheter 81.
- An outer suction conduit may include port L 10 for withdrawing tissue.
- Balloon 100 performs several important functions. First, it supports leaflets 102 and 104 of the valve as they are pushed closed by tissue removal device 80 as shown in Fig. 9 before cutting for more accurate cutting. Balloon 100 with laser energy absorption layer 112 also prevents in advertent cutting of " any portion of mitral valve 116, Figs. 8A and 8B.
- optical fiber 88, Fig- 10 is fixed to balloon 31 of tissue the barrier device and the tissue barrier device is rotated to resect the native valve.
- optical fiber 88 is fixed to single balloon 91 of the tissue cutter and the tissue cutter is rotated within the barrier device to resect the native valve.
- optical fiber 88' is disposed between inner balloon 91 and outer balloon 92 of the tissue cutter device and includes angled distal tip portion 89 to ensure laser energy does not cut areas 50 or 52, Fig. 1. The resulting cut line is shown at 150 in Fig. 15.
- optical fiber 88" is freely rotatable within the spaces formed between balloon 91 of the tissue removal device and balloon 31 of the tissue barrier device.
- optical fiber 88" includes angled distal tip portion 89.
- optical fiber 88'" is attached to the inside of balloon 92 of the tissue cutter device which is rotated to resect the native valve. But, the laser energy is directed inward due to mirror 152 on or integral with balloon 92.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04755425A EP1635749A2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2004-06-16 | Endovascular tissue removal device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/600,175 US7537592B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2003-06-20 | Endovascular tissue removal device |
US10/600,175 | 2003-06-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004112643A2 true WO2004112643A2 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
WO2004112643A3 WO2004112643A3 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
Family
ID=33517685
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2004/019267 WO2004112643A2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2004-06-16 | Endovascular tissue removal device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US7537592B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1635749A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004112643A2 (en) |
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US8470023B2 (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2013-06-25 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Percutaneous valve, system, and method |
US9028542B2 (en) | 2005-06-10 | 2015-05-12 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Venous valve, system, and method |
US9622859B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2017-04-18 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Filter system and method |
US9808341B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2017-11-07 | Boston Scientific Scimed Inc. | Valve apparatus, system and method |
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Also Published As
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US7537592B2 (en) | 2009-05-26 |
WO2004112643A3 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
US20040260322A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
US7377916B2 (en) | 2008-05-27 |
EP1635749A2 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
US20040260276A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
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