WO2003055391A1 - Cover for an implantable sensor for subcutaneous determination of an analyte - Google Patents

Cover for an implantable sensor for subcutaneous determination of an analyte Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003055391A1
WO2003055391A1 PCT/DK2002/000863 DK0200863W WO03055391A1 WO 2003055391 A1 WO2003055391 A1 WO 2003055391A1 DK 0200863 W DK0200863 W DK 0200863W WO 03055391 A1 WO03055391 A1 WO 03055391A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensing
sensor
cover
accordance
analyte
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2002/000863
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Holger Dirac
Jacob Munch-Fals
Original Assignee
Danfoss A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danfoss A/S filed Critical Danfoss A/S
Priority to AU2002351737A priority Critical patent/AU2002351737A1/en
Publication of WO2003055391A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003055391A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14532—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/24—Hygienic packaging for medical sensors; Maintaining apparatus for sensor hygiene

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to implantable sensors for subcutaneous determination of an analyte, particularly preventing or reducing contamination of the sensor.
  • bio film on sensors is an issue when the sensor is implanted in blood or tissue in a living creature. Growth on the sensor surface, whether it is bio film or bacterium, will have the same influence on the sensor, and bacterium growth is an issue in many sensor applications, i.e. sewage applications, manure applications and food and beverage applications. In areas with bacterium growth the sensor area or sensing surface will be contaminated, which will influence the determination. The impact (conse- quence??) of this contamination is frequent manual cleaning, when this is possible in the application, or frequent sensor replacement. In some applications the sensor could be recalibrated at certain levels of contaminations, whereby the cleaning or replacement frequency could be ex- tended (reduced??) .
  • the cover is movable between a resting position and a sensing position, and the sensor is only fully accessible for the analyte when the cover is in the sensing position.
  • the sensor is hereby at least partly covered for a certain period of time in each determination. cycles, which reduces the contamination rate .
  • the sensing means itself is not an object of the inven- tion, and shall not be described in further detail. It is considered to be well-known to those skilled in the art, and the invention could be used together with almost all known sensors for subcutaneous determination of analytes . The same applies for the actuation means for the cover, which could be almost any known actuator.
  • the sensing means is placed behind a membrane permeable for the analyte to be determined.
  • the covering means is cov- ering the membrane, thus reducing contamination of the membrane .
  • a specific application for the sensor with a cover could be as an implanted device for determination of the concentration of glucose in a diabetic patient.
  • Diabetic pa- tients can improve their life quality expectancy by maintaining their blood glucose concentration close to the natural level of a healthy person.
  • diabetes patients must frequently determine their glucose concentration, and adjust their insulin dos- ing in accordance with the determined concentration.
  • Current technology requires that a blood sample be obtained for determination of blood glucose concentration, and there are a number of different glucose test kits on the market, based on determinations from a blood sample. The disadvantage of these test kits is the taking of the blood sample, which must be collected from a suitable place in the body .
  • Self-monitoring devices based on capillary blood glucose, is practical, compared with test kits based on a collected blood sample, but still requires frequent skin punctures, which is inconvenient for the patient, and requires certain sanitation.
  • non-invasive glucose sensors have received significant media and technical attention over the past several years.
  • Implanted sensors for subcutaneous determination of the concentration of glucose are known, but they only work properly for relatively short period of time. The reason is that they are placed in blood and tissue, whereby water, protein and antibodies are collected and formed on the surface hereby forming a bio film.
  • the bio film will prevent the access of glucose to the sensor, either by being formed on the sensor surface or by being formed on the permeable membrane between blood and tissue and the sensor.
  • Fig. 1 Sensor between two parts, opening and closing.
  • Fig. 2 Sensor between two parts, opening and closing.
  • Fig. 3 Sensor with a sliding brush as cover.
  • Fig. 4 Sensor with a sliding plunger as cover.
  • Fig. 5 Sensor with a sliding plunger as cover.
  • Fig. 6 Sensor with a baffle plate as cover.
  • Fig. 7 Sensor with a ruptured surface as cover.
  • Fig. 8 Sensor with a hinged cover.
  • Fig. 9 Sensor with a hinged cover.
  • Fig. 10 Sensor between two breakable parts.
  • Fig. 11 Sensor with a ruptured surface as cover.
  • Fig. 12 Sensor with a sliding plate cover.
  • Fig. 13 Sensor with a turnable plunger inside a brush cover.
  • Fig. 14 Sensor with a turnable ball inside a ring cover.
  • Fig. 15 Sensor with a sliding plate cover.
  • Fig. 16 Sensor with a cover of multiple deformable bars.
  • Fig. 17 Sensor with a turnable plate cover.
  • Fig. 18 Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
  • Fig. 19 Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
  • Fig. 20 Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
  • Fig. 21 Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
  • Fig. 22 Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
  • Fig. 23 Sensor with a two part sliding cover.
  • the position number 1 refers to the areas made accessible for the compounds upon activation of the cover to sensing position, henceforth called the sensing means.
  • figure 1 a device made of two disk shaped elements 3.
  • An actuator 2 placed in the centre of the two disks enables a movement from closed to open position.
  • the sensing means is made accessible for the compounds, and a bio film that may have con- taminated the outer area of the device will be ruptured in the opening area .
  • FIG 2 a device with two disk-shaped elements 3.
  • One of the two elements contains the sensing means, and the other forms a soft spherical element 4.
  • the sensing means is made accessible for the compounds.
  • the soft spherical element is pressed on the surface of the sensing means, hereby covering the sensing means.
  • FIG 3 a device formed as a cylinder 5 with a brush part 6.
  • the cylinder contains the sensing means and actuation means for moving the brush part along the cylinder.
  • the actuating means could be a magnetic pole variation, whereby the brush, if it is made of a magnetic material, will move in accordance with the pole variation.
  • On polarisation the brush is moved to the sensing posi- tion, and on another polarisation the brush is moved to the resting position.
  • the surface of the sensing means is swept by the brush, which has a cleaning effect on the surface of the sensing means.
  • FIG 4 is shown a partial section through a cylindrical element 7, with a small plunger element 8 inside.
  • the plunger element is movable inside the cylindrical element, and could be moved by magnetic pole variation as previously described.
  • a linear actuator fixed at the end part 9 of the cylindrical element could also drive the plunger. When the plunger is moved between the two positions, the surface of the sensing means is swept, which has a cleaning effect.
  • FIG 5 is shown a device of the same structure as in figure 4, only in a perspective view.
  • the device has a disk-shaped element 10 with a plunger 11 inside.
  • FIG 6 is shown a device with a plate element 12 on the top.
  • the plate element is made of a resilient material, which bends away from the device upon activation, thus making the sensing means accessible.
  • the activating means could be magnetic pole variations as previously described, or it could be thermal deflection.
  • the plate element could be a membrane, where rupture of the bio film occurs when the membrane is pushed away from the device.
  • FIG 7 a device with a ball-shaped structure.
  • the surface of the ball is made as a ruptured structure, indicated by lines 13.
  • the ball element inside the ruptured surface is expandable, whereby a small distance between the surface elements occurs, indicated as position 14.
  • the compounds are able to pass through these distances to the inside of the ball element, wherein the sensing means is placed.
  • the expansion of the ball could occur by thermal expansion of the element, due to a small heating element inside the ball .
  • An expansion due to a chemical reaction is also a possibility.
  • the ruptured structure could be the growth on the sensing means, which will be ruptured due to the expansion.
  • FIG 8 is shown a device with the shape of a nipper.
  • the cover is formed by one part of the structure due to the hinged point 15.
  • the two end parts 16 are moved towards each other, whereby the sensing means is made accessible for the compounds.
  • the device will move into a resting position, whereby the sensing means is covered by one part of the structure. Bio film formed around the area with the sensing means will be ruptured, when the device is moved into the sensing position.
  • FIG 9 is shown a device similar to that of figure 2, only with a turning movement round a hinge 17, instead of an axial movement .
  • figure 10 is shown a device with two elements hinged together as a plate, whereas the two elements in figure 9 are hinged together as a stack.
  • the sensing means is placed between the two elements, and made accessible by breaking the disk, with actuating means not shown on the drawing.
  • Bio film formed on the device will be ruptured in the opening area 18, when the device is moved into the sensing position.
  • FIG 11 is shown a device of a soft material, with a sliced or ruptured surface on the top 19.
  • the sensing means is placed inside the device, and made accessible upon deformation of the device. The deformation could be caused by thermal deflection, or by an external force. Bio film formed on the surface of the device will be ruptured in the areas, where the surface of the device is ruptured.
  • FIG 12 a device with a damper-shaped cover 20, which cover has some cutouts 21.
  • the sensing means When the cover is turned from the resting position to the sensing position, the sensing means is made accessible through the cutouts in the cover. The movement of the cover relative to the device will have a cleaning effect on the surface of the sensing means.
  • the purpose of the cutouts is to reduce the turning angle between the sensing and the resting posi- tion. In the shown embodiment, even a small change in angle position of the damper will expose a comparatively large sensing area.
  • FIG 13 In figure 13 is shown a cylindrical part 22, with a hole 23 in the surface. Inside the cylindrical part is placed a turnable plunger 24 containing the sensing means. The shift from the resting position to the sensing position occurs by turning of the plunger.
  • figure 14 is shown a spherical ring 24 surrounding a ball element 25.
  • the sensing means is placed in the ball element, and the movement between the sensing position and the resting position occurs by turning the ball element relative to the ring.
  • figure 15 is shown a box-shaped element 26 with a sliding cover 27 on top. The movement between the sensing position and the resting position occurs tby sliding the cover along the top of the box-shaped element.
  • FIG 16 a device where the cover is made of a number of bar element 28, the embodiment shows 4 bars.
  • the bars are made of a deformable material, and the ends of the bars are fixed to the device.
  • the bars are de-formed, by magnetic deflection for example, a short distance occurs between the bars, whereby the sensing means inside the device is made accessible for compounds.
  • FIG 17 a device made of two-stacked disk- shaped elements, 29 and 30.
  • the two elements are turnable relative to each other, whereby a cut-out 31 in one of the two disk-shaped element 29 in the sensing position gives access for compounds to the sensing means placed in the other of the two disk-shaped elements 30.
  • FIG 18 to 23 are shown different ways of making a sensor device with a cover.
  • the basic idea is to make a part of the device of a silicone rubberlike material 32, suitable for the application.
  • the mate- rial 32 is fixed to the device in some spots 33, and the material covers the sensing means only by the elasticity of the material 32.
  • the actuating force indicated by an arrow, could be a manually applied force or a force from actuating means, depending on the frequency of determination of the concentration of compounds .
  • FIG 24 is shown a device with the shape of a lens or a cockleshell.
  • the cover is formed by the top part, which is made of two membrane parts, 34 and 35, and the cover is moved into the resting position, when the two membranes are forced towards each other.
  • the cover By actuating the cover into the sensing position, the two membranes are spread from each other, whereby the sensing means is made accessible for compounds.
  • the actuation of the membranes could be contraction due to electrical force or due to a heating element.

Abstract

The present invention relates to sensors for determining the concentration of compounds, and to preventing contamination of the sensor, when the sensor is placed in areas where bacterium growth is an issue. Further it relates to sensors implantable in a living creature, for determination of compounds such as glucose. Covering the sensing means with a cover, which moves between a sensing position and a resting position, prevents the contamination of the sensor.

Description

Cover for an impIantable sensor for subcutaneous determination of an analyte
The present invention relates to implantable sensors for subcutaneous determination of an analyte, particularly preventing or reducing contamination of the sensor.
Growth of bio film on sensors is an issue when the sensor is implanted in blood or tissue in a living creature. Growth on the sensor surface, whether it is bio film or bacterium, will have the same influence on the sensor, and bacterium growth is an issue in many sensor applications, i.e. sewage applications, manure applications and food and beverage applications. In areas with bacterium growth the sensor area or sensing surface will be contaminated, which will influence the determination. The impact (conse- quence??) of this contamination is frequent manual cleaning, when this is possible in the application, or frequent sensor replacement. In some applications the sensor could be recalibrated at certain levels of contaminations, whereby the cleaning or replacement frequency could be ex- tended (reduced??) .
It is the purpose of this invention to reduce the problem with contamination of the sensor area or sensor surface, on an implantable sensor for subcutaneous determination of an analyte. This is achieved by placing the sensor in a device, which also contains a cover. The cover is movable between a resting position and a sensing position, and the sensor is only fully accessible for the analyte when the cover is in the sensing position. The sensor is hereby at least partly covered for a certain period of time in each determination. cycles, which reduces the contamination rate .
The sensing means itself is not an object of the inven- tion, and shall not be described in further detail. It is considered to be well-known to those skilled in the art, and the invention could be used together with almost all known sensors for subcutaneous determination of analytes . The same applies for the actuation means for the cover, which could be almost any known actuator.
In one embodiment of the invention the sensing means is placed behind a membrane permeable for the analyte to be determined. In this embodiment the covering means is cov- ering the membrane, thus reducing contamination of the membrane .
It is an advantage if the covering means, when moved between the two positions, sweeps the sensing surface, this cleaning effect further reducing the contamination rate.
A specific application for the sensor with a cover could be as an implanted device for determination of the concentration of glucose in a diabetic patient. Diabetic pa- tients can improve their life quality expectancy by maintaining their blood glucose concentration close to the natural level of a healthy person. To achieve this natural concentration, diabetes patients must frequently determine their glucose concentration, and adjust their insulin dos- ing in accordance with the determined concentration. Current technology requires that a blood sample be obtained for determination of blood glucose concentration, and there are a number of different glucose test kits on the market, based on determinations from a blood sample. The disadvantage of these test kits is the taking of the blood sample, which must be collected from a suitable place in the body .
Self-monitoring devices, based on capillary blood glucose, is practical, compared with test kits based on a collected blood sample, but still requires frequent skin punctures, which is inconvenient for the patient, and requires certain sanitation.
To overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages non-invasive glucose sensors have received significant media and technical attention over the past several years. Implanted sensors for subcutaneous determination of the concentration of glucose are known, but they only work properly for relatively short period of time. The reason is that they are placed in blood and tissue, whereby water, protein and antibodies are collected and formed on the surface hereby forming a bio film. The bio film will prevent the access of glucose to the sensor, either by being formed on the sensor surface or by being formed on the permeable membrane between blood and tissue and the sensor.
Performing the determination of glucose in cycles of a certain frequency, and only uncovering the sensor when a determination takes place, will have two effects on these implanted glucose sensors. First of all the sensor is covered most of the time, whereby the active life time will increase, and secondly the collected bio- film will be ruptured by the frequent movements of the cover.
In the following the invention is described in detail referring to different embodiment of the invention, with references to the drawings showing: Fig. 1: Sensor between two parts, opening and closing.
Fig. 2: Sensor between two parts, opening and closing.
Fig. 3: Sensor with a sliding brush as cover.
Fig. 4: Sensor with a sliding plunger as cover.
Fig. 5: Sensor with a sliding plunger as cover.
Fig. 6: Sensor with a baffle plate as cover.
Fig. 7: Sensor with a ruptured surface as cover.
Fig. 8: Sensor with a hinged cover.
Fig. 9: Sensor with a hinged cover.
Fig. 10: Sensor between two breakable parts.
Fig. 11: Sensor with a ruptured surface as cover.
Fig. 12: Sensor with a sliding plate cover.
Fig. 13: Sensor with a turnable plunger inside a brush cover.
Fig. 14: Sensor with a turnable ball inside a ring cover.
Fig. 15: Sensor with a sliding plate cover.
Fig. 16: Sensor with a cover of multiple deformable bars.
Fig. 17: Sensor with a turnable plate cover. Fig. 18: Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
Fig. 19: Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
Fig. 20: Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
Fig. 21: Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
Fig. 22: Sensor with a cover of a deformable elastomer material .
Fig. 23: Sensor with a two part sliding cover.
Each embodiment is shown in a sensing and in a resting position, the sensing position being referenced as a) and the resting position being referenced as b) . The position number 1 refers to the areas made accessible for the compounds upon activation of the cover to sensing position, henceforth called the sensing means.
In figure 1 is shown a device made of two disk shaped elements 3. An actuator 2 placed in the centre of the two disks enables a movement from closed to open position. By activating the actuator, the sensing means is made accessible for the compounds, and a bio film that may have con- taminated the outer area of the device will be ruptured in the opening area .
In figure 2 is shown a device with two disk-shaped elements 3. One of the two elements contains the sensing means, and the other forms a soft spherical element 4. When the two elements are moved into the sensing position, by means not shown on the drawing, the sensing means is made accessible for the compounds. When the elements are moved into the resting position the soft spherical element is pressed on the surface of the sensing means, hereby covering the sensing means.
In figure 3 is shown a device formed as a cylinder 5 with a brush part 6. The cylinder contains the sensing means and actuation means for moving the brush part along the cylinder. The actuating means could be a magnetic pole variation, whereby the brush, if it is made of a magnetic material, will move in accordance with the pole variation. On polarisation the brush is moved to the sensing posi- tion, and on another polarisation the brush is moved to the resting position. By moving from sensing position to resting position the surface of the sensing means is swept by the brush, which has a cleaning effect on the surface of the sensing means.
In figure 4 is shown a partial section through a cylindrical element 7, with a small plunger element 8 inside. When the plunger is in the resting position, the sensing means is covered. The plunger element is movable inside the cylindrical element, and could be moved by magnetic pole variation as previously described. A linear actuator fixed at the end part 9 of the cylindrical element could also drive the plunger. When the plunger is moved between the two positions, the surface of the sensing means is swept, which has a cleaning effect.
In figure 5 is shown a device of the same structure as in figure 4, only in a perspective view. The device has a disk-shaped element 10 with a plunger 11 inside. In figure 6 is shown a device with a plate element 12 on the top. The plate element is made of a resilient material, which bends away from the device upon activation, thus making the sensing means accessible. The activating means could be magnetic pole variations as previously described, or it could be thermal deflection. The plate element could be a membrane, where rupture of the bio film occurs when the membrane is pushed away from the device.
In figure 7 is shown a device with a ball-shaped structure. The surface of the ball is made as a ruptured structure, indicated by lines 13. The ball element inside the ruptured surface is expandable, whereby a small distance between the surface elements occurs, indicated as position 14. The compounds are able to pass through these distances to the inside of the ball element, wherein the sensing means is placed. The expansion of the ball could occur by thermal expansion of the element, due to a small heating element inside the ball . An expansion due to a chemical reaction is also a possibility. The ruptured structure could be the growth on the sensing means, which will be ruptured due to the expansion.
In figure 8 is shown a device with the shape of a nipper. The cover is formed by one part of the structure due to the hinged point 15. When this device is moved into the sensing position, the two end parts 16 are moved towards each other, whereby the sensing means is made accessible for the compounds. When the activation of the two parts 16 towards each other stops, the device will move into a resting position, whereby the sensing means is covered by one part of the structure. Bio film formed around the area with the sensing means will be ruptured, when the device is moved into the sensing position. In figure 9 is shown a device similar to that of figure 2, only with a turning movement round a hinge 17, instead of an axial movement .
In figure 10 is shown a device with two elements hinged together as a plate, whereas the two elements in figure 9 are hinged together as a stack. The sensing means is placed between the two elements, and made accessible by breaking the disk, with actuating means not shown on the drawing. Bio film formed on the device will be ruptured in the opening area 18, when the device is moved into the sensing position.
In figure 11 is shown a device of a soft material, with a sliced or ruptured surface on the top 19. The sensing means is placed inside the device, and made accessible upon deformation of the device. The deformation could be caused by thermal deflection, or by an external force. Bio film formed on the surface of the device will be ruptured in the areas, where the surface of the device is ruptured.
In figure 12 is shown a device with a damper-shaped cover 20, which cover has some cutouts 21. When the cover is turned from the resting position to the sensing position, the sensing means is made accessible through the cutouts in the cover. The movement of the cover relative to the device will have a cleaning effect on the surface of the sensing means. The purpose of the cutouts is to reduce the turning angle between the sensing and the resting posi- tion. In the shown embodiment, even a small change in angle position of the damper will expose a comparatively large sensing area.
In figure 13 is shown a cylindrical part 22, with a hole 23 in the surface. Inside the cylindrical part is placed a turnable plunger 24 containing the sensing means. The shift from the resting position to the sensing position occurs by turning of the plunger.
In figure 14 is shown a spherical ring 24 surrounding a ball element 25. The sensing means is placed in the ball element, and the movement between the sensing position and the resting position occurs by turning the ball element relative to the ring.
In figure 15 is shown a box-shaped element 26 with a sliding cover 27 on top. The movement between the sensing position and the resting position occurs tby sliding the cover along the top of the box-shaped element.
In figure 16 is shown a device where the cover is made of a number of bar element 28, the embodiment shows 4 bars. The bars are made of a deformable material, and the ends of the bars are fixed to the device. When the bars are de- formed, by magnetic deflection for example, a short distance occurs between the bars, whereby the sensing means inside the device is made accessible for compounds.
In figure 17 is shown a device made of two-stacked disk- shaped elements, 29 and 30. The two elements are turnable relative to each other, whereby a cut-out 31 in one of the two disk-shaped element 29 in the sensing position gives access for compounds to the sensing means placed in the other of the two disk-shaped elements 30.
In figure 18 to 23 are shown different ways of making a sensor device with a cover. In these figures the basic idea is to make a part of the device of a silicone rubberlike material 32, suitable for the application. The mate- rial 32 is fixed to the device in some spots 33, and the material covers the sensing means only by the elasticity of the material 32. By pushing or pulling the material 32, depending on the structure and indicated by an arrow on the drawings, the material 32 is deflected, whereby the sensing means becomes accessible for compounds. The actuating force, indicated by an arrow, could be a manually applied force or a force from actuating means, depending on the frequency of determination of the concentration of compounds .
In figure 24 is shown a device with the shape of a lens or a cockleshell. The cover is formed by the top part, which is made of two membrane parts, 34 and 35, and the cover is moved into the resting position, when the two membranes are forced towards each other. By actuating the cover into the sensing position, the two membranes are spread from each other, whereby the sensing means is made accessible for compounds. The actuation of the membranes could be contraction due to electrical force or due to a heating element.
As would be obvious for those skilled in the art, some of the shown principles of covering the sensing means are more suitable together with one group of sensors, and some are more suitable together with another group of sensors.

Claims

Claims
1. Implantable device for subcutaneous determination of an analyte in subcutaneous fluid, the device having a biocompatible outer surface and comprising: a. sensing area suitable for determination of said analyte b. means for covering said sensing area, characterized in that said covering means has a resting position and a sensing position, said sensing area hereby being only fully accessible for compounds, when the covering means is in the sensing position, upon activation of said covering means.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device further comprises a membrane, placed between said sensing means and said covering means, the membrane being permeable for the analyte to be determined by said sensing means.
3. Device in accordance with claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that said covering means, when moving between the resting position and the sensing position, has a cleaning effect on the sensing area.
4. Device in accordance with claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that a movement of the covering means into the sensing position occurs upon deformation of an elastomer material .
5. Device in accordance with claim 4, characterized in that the activating force for moving the covering means comes from a source outside the device.
6. Device in accordance with claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device further comprises actuating means for moving the covering means between the resting position and the sensing position.
7. Device in accordance with claim 6, characterized in that the actuating means is formed as a thermal expansion and contraction.
8. Device in accordance with claim 6, characterized in that the actuating means is in the form of a magnetic actuator.
9. Device in accordance with claim 6 characterized in that the actuating means is in the form of an electro- static actuator.
10. Device in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that said analyte is glucose.
PCT/DK2002/000863 2001-12-21 2002-12-17 Cover for an implantable sensor for subcutaneous determination of an analyte WO2003055391A1 (en)

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DKPA200101932 2001-12-21

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WO2007057095A1 (en) * 2005-11-17 2007-05-24 Wittenstein Ag Appliance for recording diagnostic values in the body
EP2554215A1 (en) * 2011-08-03 2013-02-06 BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG Method and system for the reactivation of an implantable chemical sensor
US20130060101A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2013-03-07 Olympus Corporation Capsule medical device

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