WO2002079871B1 - Optical phased array - Google Patents

Optical phased array

Info

Publication number
WO2002079871B1
WO2002079871B1 PCT/US2001/048198 US0148198W WO02079871B1 WO 2002079871 B1 WO2002079871 B1 WO 2002079871B1 US 0148198 W US0148198 W US 0148198W WO 02079871 B1 WO02079871 B1 WO 02079871B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
component
transparent
electro
electrode layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/048198
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2002079871A2 (en
WO2002079871A3 (en
Inventor
David M Pepper
Original Assignee
Hrl Lab Llc
David M Pepper
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hrl Lab Llc, David M Pepper filed Critical Hrl Lab Llc
Publication of WO2002079871A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002079871A2/en
Publication of WO2002079871A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002079871A3/en
Publication of WO2002079871B1 publication Critical patent/WO2002079871B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13471—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G02F1/292—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection by controlled diffraction or phased-array beam steering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G02F1/133638—Waveplates, i.e. plates with a retardation value of lambda/n

Abstract

A optical phased array device for optical beams with general polarization. A reflective embodiment of the inventive optical phased array interposes a quarter-wave plate (230) between a linearly polarized liquid crystal layer (210) and a mirror (240). A controllable voltage applied across the liquid crystal layer causes a first linearly polarized component of an incident optical beam to be phase shifted when it passes through the liquid crystal layer. The polarization of the optical beam is rotated by 90E when it travels through the quarter-wave plate, is reflected from the mirror, and travels back through the quarter-wave plate. The second linearly polarized component of the optical beam, orthogonal to the first, is phase shifted when it passes back through the liquid crystal layer. A transmissive embodiment of the inventive optical array interposes a half-wave plate (330) between two linearly polarized liquid crystal layers (310, 311). The first linearly polarized component is phase shifted by the first liquid crystal layer and the second component, orthogonal to the first, is phase shifted by the second layer.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS
[received by the International Bureau on 08 January 2003 (08.01.03); Original claims 1-25 unchanged; new claims 26-40 added (4 pages)]
26. The method according to claim 2 wherein the first layer of transparent electro- optically active material has a polarization orientation and the second layer of transparent electro-optically active material has a polarization orientation, the polarization orientation of the second layer of transparent electro-optically active material being oriented parallel to the polarization orientation of the first layer of transparent electro-optically active material.
27. The method according to claim 2 wherein the first layer of transparent electro- optically active material phase shifts the first polarized component of the optical beam and the second layer of transparent electro-optically active material phase shifts the second polarized component of the optical beam.
28. A method for providing an optical phased array comprising the steps of: sandwiching a first transparent electro-optic layer between a first upper transparent electrode layer and a first lower transparent electrode layer, the first upper transparent electrode layer receiving an incident optical beam having a polarization state with a first polarized component and a second polarized component, the second polarized component orthogonal to the first polarized component; applying a first set of voltages to the first upper transparent electrode layer and to the first lower transparent electrode layer, the first set of voltages creating local variations of refractive index in the first transparent electro-optic layer; rotating the first polarized component and the second polarized component of the incident optical beam, resulting in a rotated first polarized component and a rotated second polarized component; placing a second transparent electro-optic layer between a second upper transparent electrode layer and a second lower transparent electrode layer, the second upper transparent electrode layer receiving said rotated first polarized component and said rotated second polarized component; and providing a second set of voltages to the second upper transparent electrode layer and to the second lower transparent electrode layer, the second set of voltages
27 creating local variations of refractive index in the second transparent electro- optic layer.
29. The method according to claim 28 wherein the step of rotating is further defined by rotating the first polarized component and the second polarized component by 90 degrees.
30. The method according to claim 28 wherein the first transparent electro-optic layer comprises a layer of liquid crystal material and the second transparent electro-optic layer comprises a layer of liquid crystal material.
31. The method according to claim 28 wherein the step of rotating is provided by a layer of optical retarder film.
32. The method according to claim 28 wherein the step of rotating is provided by a half- wave plate.
33. The method according to claim 28 wherein the step of rotating is provided by a Faraday rotator.
34. The method according to claim 28, wherein one of the first electrode layers comprises a layer of uniformly conductive film and the other first electrode layer comprises a plurality of stripe electrodes, and one of the second electrode layers comprises a layer of uniformly conductive film and the other second electrode layer comprises a plurality of stripe electrodes.
35. The method according to claim 34, wherein the stripe electrodes are disposed longitudinally with the electrode layers, the stripe electrodes having a narrow width and extending across the electrode layer.
36. The method according to claim 34, wherein the stripe electrodes are disposed in nearly fully concentric annular rings, the stripe electrodes having a narrow width and each electrode having progressively smaller radius.
37. The method of claim 30 further comprising the step of placing alignment layers above and below the layers of liquid crystal material.
38. The method of claim 28 wherein the step of applying a first voltage set and the step of providing a second voltage set is provided by a single voltage controller.
39. An optical phased array device comprising: a depolarized beam having a first component and a second component; a transparent window for receiving the depolarized beam; a first transparent electrode layer disposed beneath the transparent window; a transparent electro-optic layer disposed beneath the first transparent electrode, the transparent electro-optic layer orientated to phase shift the first component of the depolarized beam; a second transparent electrode layer disposed beneath the transparent electro-optic layer; a polarization rotator disposed beneath the second transparent electrode layer, the polarization rotator rotating the depolarized beam resulting in a first rotated component and a second rotated component; a mirror surface disposed beneath the polarization layer, the mirror surface reflecting the depolarized beam resulting in a first rotated reflected component and the second rotated reflected component; and a voltage control means connected to the first transparent electrode layer and to the second transparent electrode layer, the voltage applied to the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer creating local variations of refractive index in the transparent electro-optic layer, wherein the transparent electro-optic layer phase shifts the second rotated reflected component.
29
0. A method of optical beam steering comprising the steps of: receiving a first component and a second component of a depolarized beam; phase shifting the first component, wherein the step of phase shifting further comprises the steps of: passing the first component through an electro-optic layer sandwiched between two electrode layers; and applying a voltage to the two electrode layers, creating local variations of refractive index in the electro-optic layer; phase rotating the first component and the second component; and reflecting the first component and the second component, resulting in a reflected first component and a reflected second component whereby the second component is phase shifted as the reflected second component passes through the electro- optic layer sandwiched between the two electrode layers.
30
PCT/US2001/048198 2001-01-11 2001-12-11 Optical phased array WO2002079871A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/759,820 US6490076B2 (en) 2001-01-11 2001-01-11 Optical phased array for depolarized optical beam control
US09/759,820 2001-01-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002079871A2 WO2002079871A2 (en) 2002-10-10
WO2002079871A3 WO2002079871A3 (en) 2003-02-27
WO2002079871B1 true WO2002079871B1 (en) 2004-04-08

Family

ID=25057078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2001/048198 WO2002079871A2 (en) 2001-01-11 2001-12-11 Optical phased array

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US6490076B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2002079871A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002079871A2 (en) 2002-10-10
US6490076B2 (en) 2002-12-03
WO2002079871A3 (en) 2003-02-27
US20020154377A1 (en) 2002-10-24

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