WO2002076894A1 - Composition that can be used for conditioning sludge - Google Patents

Composition that can be used for conditioning sludge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002076894A1
WO2002076894A1 PCT/FR2002/001032 FR0201032W WO02076894A1 WO 2002076894 A1 WO2002076894 A1 WO 2002076894A1 FR 0201032 W FR0201032 W FR 0201032W WO 02076894 A1 WO02076894 A1 WO 02076894A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition according
sludge
cationic polyelectrolyte
composition
cationic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2002/001032
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Cécile Bonnet-Gonnet
Yvette Pescher
Original Assignee
Rhodia Chimie
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Publication date
Application filed by Rhodia Chimie filed Critical Rhodia Chimie
Priority to EP02720080A priority Critical patent/EP1373149A1/en
Publication of WO2002076894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002076894A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/547—Tensides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/26—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof
    • C02F2103/28—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof from the paper or cellulose industry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new composition which can be used in particular for conditioning sludge prior to its dewatering operation.
  • sludge The treatment of waste water, urban or industrial, in particular by biological means, leads to the production of sludge.
  • This sludge generally undergoes a mechanical dewatering operation (in particular filtration (for example filter press, belt filter), centrifugation), before being transported to a site of discharge, agricultural spreading or incineration.
  • filtration for example filter press, belt filter
  • centrifugation the mechanical dewatering operation
  • sludge from the paper industry represents a very large part of the industrial sludge produced.
  • These sludges from the paper industry like those from the food industry, include, on the one hand, sludges of a biological nature (that is to say from a treatment of waste water by biological), and, on the other hand, sludge of a non-biological nature generally formed, in particular in the case of the paper industry, by sludge of physico-chemical origin or fibrous sludge containing mineral fillers, cellulose, possibly coating latex.
  • the sludge to be treated consists mainly of water in which biomass is dispersed.
  • the treatments therefore aim to concentrate the dry matter as much as possible and to remove the water.
  • the current sludge treatment methods are distinct according to the water / biomass separation technique chosen (filter press, belt filter, centrifuge ...)). In addition, they generally require the successive addition of several reagents; it indeed proves difficult to formulate, in a single composition and at significant concentrations, these different reagents, without leading to the formation of gels which can prove detrimental in terms of fluidity to the corresponding mixtures.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a new composition which can be used effectively in the conditioning of sludge, making it possible in particular to increase their dryness, that is to say to increase the dry extracts obtained during the subsequent dewatering operation.
  • the invention also aims to provide a universal composition, that is to say that can be used indifferently for the treatment of sludge prior to one or the other of the dewatering techniques mentioned above.
  • composition according to the invention preferably has the advantage of not being subject to the gelling phenomenon mentioned above.
  • the main object of the present invention is a composition, usable for conditioning sludge, obtained by mixing (reaction) of at least one aqueous solution containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte and at least one mineral cation of greater or equal charge to 2 with at least one aqueous solution containing at least one surfactant, preferably anionic or amphoteric.
  • the subject of the invention is also a composition, usable for the conditioning of sludges, obtained by mixing (reaction) of at least one aqueous solution containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte with at least one aqueous solution containing at least one inorganic filler cation greater than or equal to 2 and at least one aqueous solution containing at least one surfactant, preferably anionic or amphoteric.
  • compositions which can be used for the conditioning of sludge being in the form of an aqueous solution comprising at least one mineral cation with a charge greater than or equal to 2, at least one cationic polyelectrolyte and at least one surfactant -active, preferably anionic or amphoteric.
  • the mineral cation has a charge greater than or equal to 2. It is usually chosen from g 2+ , AI 34 " , Fe 3+ , La 3+ , Zr 4+ and their polymerized forms when they exist. Preferably, said cation mineral is Al 3+ or one of its polymerized forms. In general, the mineral cation is used in non-polymerized form.
  • This mineral cation is usually in the form of a water-soluble salt. Mention may be made, as water-soluble salts, of chlorides, nitrates, sulfates and acetates.
  • a soluble salt is used, free of the nitrogen element, which makes it possible to overcome any problems linked to its presence.
  • a chloride is used.
  • the mineral cation can then be in the form of an aluminum chloride or one of its polymerized forms; more preferably, it then takes the form of an aluminum chloride.
  • the amount of mineral cation used is preferably between 0.05 and 2 moles, in particular between 0.49 and 1.8 moles, per kg of composition.
  • the pH of the solution can be adjusted to prevent precipitation of the corresponding mineral salt. This adjustment is within the competence of those skilled in the art.
  • the cationic polyelectrolyte is preferably of high molecular weight, in particular of molecular weight of at least 1.10 6 .
  • Said cationic polyelectrolyte advantageously has a molecular weight of 1.10 6 to 20.10 6 , in particular from 1.10 6 to 10.10 6 .
  • the cationic polyelectrolyte used can be in a linear form or, preferably, in a branched form; it has in fact been noted that the ramifications generally have a beneficial effect on the kinetics of coagulation and flocculation.
  • Polyacrylamides, polyethylene oxides, polyvinylpyrrolidones, and also polymers of natural origin, such as starch and its derivatives or gum such as guar gum, are particularly suitable as cationic polyelectrolyte, insofar as they are cationic.
  • the cationic polyelectrolyte is a polyacrylamide.
  • Said polyacrylamide can be cationic up to 100% in charge and, preferably, between 0.1 and 25%, for example between 0.1 and 15%, in charge.
  • the cationic polyacrylamide can be chosen from copolymers of polyacrylamide with cationic monomers or polyacrylamides modified according to the Mannich reaction.
  • cationic polyacrylamide copolymers mention may be made of acrylamide / halide copolymers, preferably diallyldialkylammonium chloride, diaminoalkylmethacrylate / acrylamide copolymers and dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate / acrylamide copolymers, the alkyl group preferably being C 1 -C 6 .
  • the amount of cationic polyelectrolyte used is preferably at most 10%, in particular 0.1 to 6%, by weight of the composition.
  • the cationic polyelectrolyte is a polyacrylamide copolymer, and preferably a polyacrylamide / diallyldimethylammonium chloride copolymer, in particular with a molecular weight of the order of 3.10 6 . It is then more preferably associated with an aluminum chloride in the composition.
  • the mineral cation with a charge greater than or equal to 2 for example in the case of aluminum chloride
  • the cationic polyelectrolyte for example in the case of a high molecular weight polyacrylamide
  • the molar ratio (mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2) / (cationic polyelectrolyte) is between 1.10 2 and 8.10 6 in particular between 1.10 3 and 8.10 6 .
  • a polyacrylamide / aluminum weight ratio of between 0.01 and 15 is preferably used , more particularly between 0.1 and 10; this ratio can be for example between 0.2 and 6, in particular between 0.25 and 4.5.
  • the surfactant used in the invention is preferably anionic or amphoteric.
  • this surfactant is anionic. Its non-ionic part (which can be formed of a hydrocarbon chain with character hydrophobic and, optionally, of a polyalkoxylated chain of hydrophilic nature, in particular polyethoxylated) may for example have an HLB value ("Hydrophilic / Lipophilic Balance") of at most 10, especially at most 8, or even at most 4.
  • HLB value Hydrophilic / Lipophilic Balance
  • the surfactant is preferably a surfactant which remains inert with respect to the mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2.
  • This surfactant makes it possible to provide a hydrophobic function, in particular with respect to the application medium.
  • water-soluble surfactants can be used as surfactant agent in the composition
  • the water-soluble lecithins may be cited, sucrose esters, fatty acid esters (including Tweens ®), polyoxyethylene alkylamide, the triglyceride sulfates, alkyl sulfates (including sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)), alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkylamine salts, fatty amines, lipoamino acids, modified polyesters, silicone polymeric surfactants .
  • the amount of surfactant used is preferably between 0.005 and 0.5 mole, in particular between 0.005 and 0.3 mole, per kg of composition; it can for example be between 0.01 and 0.2 mole, in particular between 0.01 and 0.1 mole, per kg of composition.
  • the composition according to the invention can be prepared by mixing at least one aqueous solution containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte with at least one aqueous solution containing at least one mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2 and at least one aqueous solution containing at least one surfactant.
  • the pHs of the three solutions are such, or adjusted (for example by adding an acid solution, in particular hydrochloric acid)) so that the pH of the composition according to the invention is preferably less than 2 , in particular equal to 1 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the composition according to the invention is advantageously prepared by mixing at least one aqueous solution A containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte and at least one mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2 with at least one aqueous solution B containing at least a surfactant.
  • the aqueous solution A is obtained by adding, generally with stirring, the cationic polyelectrolyte to an aqueous solution containing said mineral cation; the aqueous solution then obtained is generally kept under stirring until the viscosity stabilizes.
  • the aqueous solution B is usually prepared by mixing the surfactant in solid form with water.
  • the pH of the aqueous solution A and that of the aqueous solution B are such, or adjusted (for example by adding an acid solution, in particular hydrochloric acid)) so that the pH of the composition according to the invention is preferably less than 2, in particular equal to 1 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the pH of the aqueous solution B used is, for example, understood or adjusted to a value between 1, 3 and 1, 9.
  • the aqueous solution A generally provides the largest part (for example at least 80%, in particular at least 90%) of the total volume of water contained in the composition according to the invention.
  • the mixtures are generally carried out between 10 and 75 ° C, for example at room temperature, and with stirring.
  • the preparation conditions are such that the composition according to the invention is in the form of a homogeneous solution, in particular monophasic.
  • the compositions according to the invention find a particularly advantageous application in the chemical conditioning of sludge, in particular of sludge from sewage treatment plants or wastewater, urban or industrial: its incorporation in the sludge, which can be subjected beforehand to an anaerobic digestion treatment, allows them to be structured in such a way that the water contained in these sludges is better exuded during the following dehydration operation.
  • the efficiency of the mechanical dehydration operation such as filtration or centrifugation can thus be improved, the volumes produced after this dehydration being reduced by obtaining a cake of high dryness.
  • the amount of composition according to the invention used during the conditioning of a sludge is such that it generally corresponds from 0.05 to 3 times, preferably from 0.1 to 2 times, the amount of theoretical cationic charge necessary to neutralize the amount of anionic charge of the sludge to be treated; in other words, the quantity of this composition used is such that it has, in absolute value, a cationicity generally equal from 0.05 to 3 times, preferably from 0.1 to 2 times, the anionicity of the sludge to be treated.
  • the composition according to the invention can be diluted before use.
  • compositions according to the invention are especially suitable in the case of sludge from the paper industry, or from the food industry, and containing, on the one hand, sludge of biological nature, and, on the other hand , sludge of a non-biological nature (physico-chemical sludge or fibrous sludge).
  • the products constituted by sludge of biological nature and by that of non-biological nature are often incompatible.
  • the sludge of biological nature usually exhibits a dissimilar, even divergent, behavior from that of other sludge of a different nature, when all of this sludge undergoes conditioning and / or dewatering treatment. It has been found that, in general, these biological sludges have a slow sedimentation rate, give rise to fermentation reactions and their dehydration is not easy.
  • the invention also aims to provide a process for dewatering sludge from the paper industry or sludge from the food industry, these sludges containing sludge of biological nature and sludge of nature non-biological, process in which said sludge of biological nature is pretreated separately with at least one composition according to the invention, then mixed after said pretreatment with sludge of non-biological nature, the mixture of sludges thus formed then being subjected (possibly after another conditioning step) to a dehydration operation.
  • the composition according to the invention can be used in the treatment of aqueous media, for example waste water or industrial aqueous effluents, and more particularly in the clarification of waste water of urban or industrial origin. It can also be used for the detoxification of effluents loaded with polluting species (in particular arsenates, chromates, plumbs) and for the decantation of port or lagoon vessels. It can be used as an aid in the filtration of mineral oxides or in the processing or papermaking processes. It can also be used for mineral processing.

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition which can be used for conditioning sludge and which is obtained by mixing an aqueous solution containing a cationic polyelectrolyte with an aqueous solution containing a mineral cation having a charge greater than or equal to 2 and with an aqueous solution containing an amphoteric or anionic surfactant.

Description

COMPOSITION UTILISABLE POUR LE CONDITIONNEMENT DE BOUES COMPOSITION FOR USE IN THE CONDITIONING OF SLUDGE
La présente invention concerne une nouvelle composition utilisable notamment pour le conditionnement de boues préalablement à leur opération de déshydratation.The present invention relates to a new composition which can be used in particular for conditioning sludge prior to its dewatering operation.
Le traitement des eaux résiduaires, urbaines ou industrielles, en particulier par voie biologique, conduit à la production de boues. Ces boues subissent généralement une opération de déshydratation mécanique (en particulier filtration (par exemple filtre presse, filtre à bande), centrifugation), avant d'être transportées vers un site de décharge, d'épandage agricole ou d'incinération.The treatment of waste water, urban or industrial, in particular by biological means, leads to the production of sludge. This sludge generally undergoes a mechanical dewatering operation (in particular filtration (for example filter press, belt filter), centrifugation), before being transported to a site of discharge, agricultural spreading or incineration.
A titre d'exemple, les boues issues de l'industrie papetière représente une très grande partie des boues industrielles produites. Ces boues issues de l'industrie papetière, comme celles issues de l'industrie agro-alimentaire, comprennent, d'une part, des boues de nature biologique (c'est-à-dire provenant d'un traitement des eaux résiduaires par voie biologique), et, d'autre part, des boues de nature non-biologique généralement formées, notamment dans le cas de l'industrie papetière, par des boues d'origine physico-chimique ou boues fibreuses contenant des charges minérales, des fibres de cellulose, éventuellement des latex de couchage.For example, sludge from the paper industry represents a very large part of the industrial sludge produced. These sludges from the paper industry, like those from the food industry, include, on the one hand, sludges of a biological nature (that is to say from a treatment of waste water by biological), and, on the other hand, sludge of a non-biological nature generally formed, in particular in the case of the paper industry, by sludge of physico-chemical origin or fibrous sludge containing mineral fillers, cellulose, possibly coating latex.
Les boues à traiter sont constituées majoritairement d'eau dans laquelle est dispersée de la biomasse. Les traitements visent donc à concentrer au maximum la matière sèche et à éliminer l'eau.The sludge to be treated consists mainly of water in which biomass is dispersed. The treatments therefore aim to concentrate the dry matter as much as possible and to remove the water.
Les méthodes actuelles de traitement des boues sont distinctes selon la technique de séparation eau/biomasse retenue (filtre presse, filtre à bande, centrifugeuse ...)). En outre, elles nécessitent en général l'ajout successif de plusieurs réactifs ; il s'avère en effet difficile de formuler, dans une unique composition et à des concentrations significatives, ces différents réactifs, sans aboutir à la formation de gels qui peuvent s'avérer préjudiciables en terme de fluidité aux mélanges correspondants. La présente invention a pour but de proposer une nouvelle composition utilisable efficacement dans le conditionnement des boues, permettant notamment d'augmenter leur siccité, c'est-à-dire d'accroître les extraits secs obtenus lors de l'opération subséquente de déshydratation. L'invention a également pour but de proposer une composition universelle, c'est-à-dire pouvant être utilisée de manière indifférente pour le traitement des boues préalablement à l'une ou l'autre des techniques de déshydratation évoquées ci-dessus.The current sludge treatment methods are distinct according to the water / biomass separation technique chosen (filter press, belt filter, centrifuge ...)). In addition, they generally require the successive addition of several reagents; it indeed proves difficult to formulate, in a single composition and at significant concentrations, these different reagents, without leading to the formation of gels which can prove detrimental in terms of fluidity to the corresponding mixtures. The object of the present invention is to propose a new composition which can be used effectively in the conditioning of sludge, making it possible in particular to increase their dryness, that is to say to increase the dry extracts obtained during the subsequent dewatering operation. The invention also aims to provide a universal composition, that is to say that can be used indifferently for the treatment of sludge prior to one or the other of the dewatering techniques mentioned above.
Par ailleurs, la composition selon l'invention présente de préférence l'avantage de ne pas être sujette au phénomène de gélification mentionné précédemment.Furthermore, the composition according to the invention preferably has the advantage of not being subject to the gelling phenomenon mentioned above.
Plus précisément, la présente invention a pour objet principal une composition, utilisable pour le conditionnement de boues, obtenue par mélange (réaction) d'au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un polyelectrolyte cationique et au moins un cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2 avec au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un agent tensio-actif, de préférence anionique ou amphotère.More specifically, the main object of the present invention is a composition, usable for conditioning sludge, obtained by mixing (reaction) of at least one aqueous solution containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte and at least one mineral cation of greater or equal charge to 2 with at least one aqueous solution containing at least one surfactant, preferably anionic or amphoteric.
L'invention a également pour objet une composition, utilisable pour le conditionnement de boues, obtenue par mélange (réaction) d'au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un polyelectrolyte cationique avec au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2 et au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un agent tensio-actif, de préférence anionique ou amphotère.The subject of the invention is also a composition, usable for the conditioning of sludges, obtained by mixing (reaction) of at least one aqueous solution containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte with at least one aqueous solution containing at least one inorganic filler cation greater than or equal to 2 and at least one aqueous solution containing at least one surfactant, preferably anionic or amphoteric.
Elle s'étend à une composition, utilisable pour le conditionnement de boues, se présentant sous la forme d'une solution aqueuse comprenant au moins un cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2, au moins un polyelectrolyte cationique et au moins un agent tensio-actif, de préférence anionique ou amphotère.It extends to a composition which can be used for the conditioning of sludge, being in the form of an aqueous solution comprising at least one mineral cation with a charge greater than or equal to 2, at least one cationic polyelectrolyte and at least one surfactant -active, preferably anionic or amphoteric.
Le cation minéral présente une charge supérieure ou égale à 2. Il est habituellement choisi parmi g2+, AI34", Fe3+, La3+, Zr4+ et leurs formes polymérisées lorsqu'elles existent. De préférence, ledit cation minéral est Al3+ ou une de ses formes polymérisées. En général, le cation minéral est mis en œuvre sous forme non polymérisée.The mineral cation has a charge greater than or equal to 2. It is usually chosen from g 2+ , AI 34 " , Fe 3+ , La 3+ , Zr 4+ and their polymerized forms when they exist. Preferably, said cation mineral is Al 3+ or one of its polymerized forms. In general, the mineral cation is used in non-polymerized form.
Ce cation minéral se présente habituellement sous forme d'un sel hydrosoluble. A titre de sels hydrosolubles, on peut citer les chlorures, les nitrates, les sulfates et les acétates.This mineral cation is usually in the form of a water-soluble salt. Mention may be made, as water-soluble salts, of chlorides, nitrates, sulfates and acetates.
En général, on utilise un sel soluble, exempt de l'élément azote, ce qui permet de s'affranchir des problèmes éventuels liés à sa présence. De manière préférée, on emploie un chlorure. Le cation minéral peut se présenter alors sous la forme d'un chlorure d'aluminium ou d'une de ses formes polymérisées ; plus préférentiel lement, il se présente alors sous la forme d'un chlorure d'aluminium.In general, a soluble salt is used, free of the nitrogen element, which makes it possible to overcome any problems linked to its presence. Preferably, a chloride is used. The mineral cation can then be in the form of an aluminum chloride or one of its polymerized forms; more preferably, it then takes the form of an aluminum chloride.
La quantité de cation minéral mise en œuvre est de préférence comprise entre 0,05 et 2 moles, en particulier entre 0,49 et 1 ,8 mole, par kg de composition.The amount of mineral cation used is preferably between 0.05 and 2 moles, in particular between 0.49 and 1.8 moles, per kg of composition.
Le pH de la solution peut être ajusté de manière à prévenir la précipitation du sel minéral correspondant. Cet ajustement relève des compétences de l'homme de l'art.The pH of the solution can be adjusted to prevent precipitation of the corresponding mineral salt. This adjustment is within the competence of those skilled in the art.
En ce qui concerne le polyelectrolyte cationique, il est de préférence de haut poids moléculaire, en particulier de poids moléculaire d'au moins 1.106.As regards the cationic polyelectrolyte, it is preferably of high molecular weight, in particular of molecular weight of at least 1.10 6 .
Ledit polyelectrolyte cationique a de manière avantageuse un poids moléculaire de 1.106 à 20.106, notamment de 1.106 à 10.106.Said cationic polyelectrolyte advantageously has a molecular weight of 1.10 6 to 20.10 6 , in particular from 1.10 6 to 10.10 6 .
Le polyelectrolyte cationique utilisé peut être sous une forme linéaire ou, de préférence, sous une forme ramifiée ; il a en effet été noté que les ramifications avaient généralement un effet bénéfique sur les cinétiques de coagulation et de floculation. Conviennent tout particulièrement comme polyelectrolyte cationique les polyacrylamides, les oxydes de polyéthylène, les polyvinylpyrrolidones, ainsi que les polymères d'origine naturelle, tel l'amidon et ses dérivés ou gomme telle la gomme guar, dans la mesure où ils sont cationiques.The cationic polyelectrolyte used can be in a linear form or, preferably, in a branched form; it has in fact been noted that the ramifications generally have a beneficial effect on the kinetics of coagulation and flocculation. Polyacrylamides, polyethylene oxides, polyvinylpyrrolidones, and also polymers of natural origin, such as starch and its derivatives or gum such as guar gum, are particularly suitable as cationic polyelectrolyte, insofar as they are cationic.
De manière préférée, le polyelectrolyte cationique est un polyacrylamide. Ledit polyacrylamide peut être cationique jusqu'à 100 % en charge et, de préférence, entre 0,1 et 25 %, par exemple entre 0,1 et 15 %, en charge. Le polyacrylamide cationique peut être choisi parmi les copolymères de polyacrylamide avec des monomères cationiques ou les polyacrylamides modifiés selon la réaction de Mannich.Preferably, the cationic polyelectrolyte is a polyacrylamide. Said polyacrylamide can be cationic up to 100% in charge and, preferably, between 0.1 and 25%, for example between 0.1 and 15%, in charge. The cationic polyacrylamide can be chosen from copolymers of polyacrylamide with cationic monomers or polyacrylamides modified according to the Mannich reaction.
Comme exemples de copolymères polyacrylamides cationiques, on peut citer les copolymères acrylamide / halogénure de préférence chlorure de diallyldialkylammonium, les copolymères diaminoalkylméthacrylate / acrylamide et les copolymères dialkylaminoalkylméthacrylate / acrylamide, le groupement alkyle étant de préférence en Ci - C6.As examples of cationic polyacrylamide copolymers, mention may be made of acrylamide / halide copolymers, preferably diallyldialkylammonium chloride, diaminoalkylmethacrylate / acrylamide copolymers and dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate / acrylamide copolymers, the alkyl group preferably being C 1 -C 6 .
La quantité de polyelectrolyte cationique mise en œuvre est de préférence d'au plus 10 %, en particulier de 0,1 à 6 %, en poids de la composition.The amount of cationic polyelectrolyte used is preferably at most 10%, in particular 0.1 to 6%, by weight of the composition.
De manière avantageuse, le polyelectrolyte cationique est un copolymère polyacrylamide, et de préférence, un copolymère polyacrylamide / chlorure de diallyldiméthylammonium, en particulier de poids moléculaire de l'ordre de 3.106. II est alors plus préferentiellement associé à un chlorure d'aluminium dans la composition.Advantageously, the cationic polyelectrolyte is a polyacrylamide copolymer, and preferably a polyacrylamide / diallyldimethylammonium chloride copolymer, in particular with a molecular weight of the order of 3.10 6 . It is then more preferably associated with an aluminum chloride in the composition.
Généralement, le cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2, par exemple dans le cas du chlorure d'aluminium, et le polyelectrolyte cationique, par exemple dans le cas d'un polyacrylamide de haut poids moléculaire, sont mis en œuvre de telle manière que le rapport molaire (cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2) / (polyelectrolyte cationique) soit compris entre 1.102 et 8.106 en particulier entre 1.103 et 8.106. Dans le cas particulier d'une composition comprenant du chlorure d'aluminium et un polyacrylamide consistant en un copolymère acrylamide / chlorure de diallyldialkylammonium, notamment de haut poids moléculaire, on utilise de préférence un rapport pondéral polyacrylamide / aluminium compris entre 0,01 et 15, plus particulièrement entre 0,1 et 10 ; ce rapport peut être compris par exemple entre 0,2 et 6, notamment entre 0,25 et 4,5.Generally, the mineral cation with a charge greater than or equal to 2, for example in the case of aluminum chloride, and the cationic polyelectrolyte, for example in the case of a high molecular weight polyacrylamide, are used in such a manner that the molar ratio (mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2) / (cationic polyelectrolyte) is between 1.10 2 and 8.10 6 in particular between 1.10 3 and 8.10 6 . In the particular case of a composition comprising aluminum chloride and a polyacrylamide consisting of an acrylamide / diallyldialkylammonium chloride copolymer, in particular of high molecular weight, a polyacrylamide / aluminum weight ratio of between 0.01 and 15 is preferably used , more particularly between 0.1 and 10; this ratio can be for example between 0.2 and 6, in particular between 0.25 and 4.5.
L'agent tensio-actif mis en œuvre dans l'invention est, de préférence, anionique ou amphotère.The surfactant used in the invention is preferably anionic or amphoteric.
De manière très préférée, cet agent tensio-actif est anionique. Sa partie non-ionique (qui peut être formée d'une chaîne hydrocarbonée à caractère hydrophobe et, éventuellement, d'une chaîne polyalcoxylée à caractère hydrophile, notamment polyéthoxylée) peut par exemple présenter une valeur HLB ("Balance Hydrophilie / Lipophilie") d'au plus 10, notamment d'au plus 8, voire d'au plus 4. L'agent tensio-actif est de préférence un agent de surface qui demeure inerte vis-à-vis du cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2.Very preferably, this surfactant is anionic. Its non-ionic part (which can be formed of a hydrocarbon chain with character hydrophobic and, optionally, of a polyalkoxylated chain of hydrophilic nature, in particular polyethoxylated) may for example have an HLB value ("Hydrophilic / Lipophilic Balance") of at most 10, especially at most 8, or even at most 4. The surfactant is preferably a surfactant which remains inert with respect to the mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2.
Cet agent tenio-actif permet d'apporter une fonction hydrophobante notamment vis-à-vis du milieu d'application.This surfactant makes it possible to provide a hydrophobic function, in particular with respect to the application medium.
A titre illustratif d'agents de surface hydrosolubles utilisables comme agent tensio-actif dans la composition, on peut notamment citer les lécithines hydrosolubles, les esters de sucrose, les esters d'acides gras (dont les Tweens®), les alkylamides polyoxyéthylénés, les triglycérides sulfates, les alkyles sulfates (dont le dodécyle sulfate de sodium (SDS)), les alkyles éther sulfates, les alkyles sulfonates, les sels d'alkylamines, les aminés grasses, les lipoamino-acides, les polyesters modifiés, les tensioactifs polymeriques siliconés.Illustratively water-soluble surfactants can be used as surfactant agent in the composition, the water-soluble lecithins may be cited, sucrose esters, fatty acid esters (including Tweens ®), polyoxyethylene alkylamide, the triglyceride sulfates, alkyl sulfates (including sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)), alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkylamine salts, fatty amines, lipoamino acids, modified polyesters, silicone polymeric surfactants .
La quantité d'agent tensio-actif mise en œuvre est de préférence comprise entre 0,005 et 0,5 mole, en particulier entre 0,005 et 0,3 mole, par kg de composition ; elle peut par exemple être comprise entre 0,01 et 0,2 mole, notamment entre 0,01 et 0,1 mole, par kg de composition.The amount of surfactant used is preferably between 0.005 and 0.5 mole, in particular between 0.005 and 0.3 mole, per kg of composition; it can for example be between 0.01 and 0.2 mole, in particular between 0.01 and 0.1 mole, per kg of composition.
La composition selon l'invention peut être préparée par mélange d'au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un polyelectrolyte cationique avec au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2 et au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un agent tensio-actif. Les pH des trois solutions sont tels, ou ajustés (par exemple par ajout d'une solution d'acide, notamment d'acide chlorhydrique)) de manière telle, que le pH de la composition selon l'invention soit de préférence inférieur à 2, en particulier égal à 1 ± 0,2.The composition according to the invention can be prepared by mixing at least one aqueous solution containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte with at least one aqueous solution containing at least one mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2 and at least one aqueous solution containing at least one surfactant. The pHs of the three solutions are such, or adjusted (for example by adding an acid solution, in particular hydrochloric acid)) so that the pH of the composition according to the invention is preferably less than 2 , in particular equal to 1 ± 0.2.
Cependant, la composition selon l'invention est avantageusement préparée par mélange d'au moins une solution aqueuse A contenant au moins un polyelectrolyte cationique et au moins un cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2 avec au moins une solution aqueuse B contenant au moins un agent tensio-actif. De manière préférée, la solution aqueuse A est obtenue en ajoutant, en général sous agitation, le polyelectrolyte cationique à une solution aqueuse contenant ledit cation minéral ; la solution aqueuse alors obtenue est généralement maintenue sous agitation jusqu'à stabilisation de la viscosité. La solution aqueuse B est habituellement préparée en mélangeant l'agent tensio- actif sous forme solide à de l'eau.However, the composition according to the invention is advantageously prepared by mixing at least one aqueous solution A containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte and at least one mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2 with at least one aqueous solution B containing at least a surfactant. Preferably, the aqueous solution A is obtained by adding, generally with stirring, the cationic polyelectrolyte to an aqueous solution containing said mineral cation; the aqueous solution then obtained is generally kept under stirring until the viscosity stabilizes. The aqueous solution B is usually prepared by mixing the surfactant in solid form with water.
Le pH de la solution aqueuse A et celui de la solution aqueuse B sont tels, ou ajustés (par exemple par ajout d'une solution d'acide, notamment d'acide chlorhydrique)) de manière telle, que le pH de la composition selon l'invention soit de préférence inférieur à 2, en particulier égal à 1 ± 0,2. Le pH de la solution aqueuse B mise en œuvre est par exemple compris ou ajusté à une valeur comprise entre 1 ,3 et 1 ,9.The pH of the aqueous solution A and that of the aqueous solution B are such, or adjusted (for example by adding an acid solution, in particular hydrochloric acid)) so that the pH of the composition according to the invention is preferably less than 2, in particular equal to 1 ± 0.2. The pH of the aqueous solution B used is, for example, understood or adjusted to a value between 1, 3 and 1, 9.
La solution aqueuse A apporte en général la plus grande partie (par exemple au moins 80 %, notamment au moins 90 %) du volume total d'eau contenue dans la composition selon l'invention.The aqueous solution A generally provides the largest part (for example at least 80%, in particular at least 90%) of the total volume of water contained in the composition according to the invention.
Les mélanges sont effectués généralement entre 10 et 75 °C, par exemple à la température ambiante, et sous agitation. De préférence, les conditions de préparation sont telles que la composition selon l'invention se présente sous forme d'une solution homogène, en particulier monophasique. Les compositions selon l'invention trouvent une application particulièrement intéressante dans le conditionnement chimique des boues, notamment de boues issues des stations d'épuration des eaux usées ou résiduaires, urbaines ou industrielles : son incorporation dans les boues, que l'on peut soumettre préalablement à un traitement de digestion anaérobie, permet de les structurer de telle manière que l'eau contenue dans ces boues est mieux exsudée lors de l'opération de déshydratation qui suit. L'efficacité de l'opération de déshydratation mécanique comme la filtration ou la centrifugation peut ainsi être améliorée, les volumes produits après cette déshydratation étant réduits par l'obtention d'un gâteau de siccité élevée. La quantité en composition selon l'invention utilisée lors du conditionnement d'une boue est telle qu'elle correspond en général de 0,05 à 3 fois, de préférence de 0, 1 à 2 fois, la quantité de charge cationique théorique nécessaire pour neutraliser la quantité de charge anionique de la boue à traiter ; en d'autres termes, la quantité de cette composition mise en œuvre est telle qu'elle présente en valeur absolue une cationicité égale en général de 0,05 à 3 fois, de préférence de 0,1 à 2 fois, l'anionicité de la boue à traiter. La composition selon l'invention peut être diluée avant emploi.The mixtures are generally carried out between 10 and 75 ° C, for example at room temperature, and with stirring. Preferably, the preparation conditions are such that the composition according to the invention is in the form of a homogeneous solution, in particular monophasic. The compositions according to the invention find a particularly advantageous application in the chemical conditioning of sludge, in particular of sludge from sewage treatment plants or wastewater, urban or industrial: its incorporation in the sludge, which can be subjected beforehand to an anaerobic digestion treatment, allows them to be structured in such a way that the water contained in these sludges is better exuded during the following dehydration operation. The efficiency of the mechanical dehydration operation such as filtration or centrifugation can thus be improved, the volumes produced after this dehydration being reduced by obtaining a cake of high dryness. The amount of composition according to the invention used during the conditioning of a sludge is such that it generally corresponds from 0.05 to 3 times, preferably from 0.1 to 2 times, the amount of theoretical cationic charge necessary to neutralize the amount of anionic charge of the sludge to be treated; in other words, the quantity of this composition used is such that it has, in absolute value, a cationicity generally equal from 0.05 to 3 times, preferably from 0.1 to 2 times, the anionicity of the sludge to be treated. The composition according to the invention can be diluted before use.
Les compositions selon l'invention sont notamment adaptées dans le cas des boues issues de l'industrie papetière, ou de l'industrie agro-alimentaire, et contenant, d'une part, des boues de nature biologique, et, d'autre part, des boues de nature non-biologique (boues d'origine physico-chimique ou boues fibreuses).The compositions according to the invention are especially suitable in the case of sludge from the paper industry, or from the food industry, and containing, on the one hand, sludge of biological nature, and, on the other hand , sludge of a non-biological nature (physico-chemical sludge or fibrous sludge).
En outre, il a été constaté que les produits constitués par les boues de nature biologique et par celles de nature non-biologique sont souvent incompatibles. Ainsi, les boues de nature biologique présentent habituellement un comportement dissemblable, voire divergent, de celui des autres boues de nature différente, lorsque l'ensemble de ces boues subit un traitement de conditionnement et/ou de déshydratation. Il a été constaté qu'en général ces boues de nature biologique présentent une vitesse de sédimentation lente, donnent naissance à des réactions de fermentation et leur déshydratation n'est pas aisée. Dans ce cadre, l'invention a également pour objet de proposer un procédé de déshydratation de boues issues de l'industrie papetière ou de boues issues de l'industrie agro-alimentaire, ces boues contenant des boues de nature biologique et des boues de nature non-biologique, procédé dans lequel lesdites boues de nature biologique sont pré-traitées séparément par au moins une composition selon l'invention, puis mélangées après ledit pré-traitement aux boues de nature non-biologique, le mélange de boues ainsi formé étant ensuite soumis (éventuellement après une autre étape de conditionnement) à une opération de déshydratation. Cela peut permettre notamment, en rendant, préalablement à l'opération de déshydratation, compatibles/assimilables les boues de nature biologique avec les autres boues de nature différente, d'obtenir un bon comportement de l'ensemble des boues à la déshydratation et une siccité finale élevée. De manière générale, la composition selon l'invention peut être employée dans le traitement des milieux aqueux, par exemple des eaux usées ou des effluents aqueux industriels, et plus particulièrement dans la clarification des eaux résiduaires d'origine urbaine ou industrielle. Elle peut être également utilisée pour la détoxification d'effluents chargés en espèces polluantes (notamment arseniates, chromâtes, plombâtes) et pour la décantation des vases portuaires ou lagunaires. Elle peut être utilisée comme aide à la filtration d'oxydes minéraux ou dans les procédé de traitement ou de fabrication du papier. Elle peut aussi être destinée au traitement de minerais. In addition, it has been found that the products constituted by sludge of biological nature and by that of non-biological nature are often incompatible. Thus, the sludge of biological nature usually exhibits a dissimilar, even divergent, behavior from that of other sludge of a different nature, when all of this sludge undergoes conditioning and / or dewatering treatment. It has been found that, in general, these biological sludges have a slow sedimentation rate, give rise to fermentation reactions and their dehydration is not easy. In this context, the invention also aims to provide a process for dewatering sludge from the paper industry or sludge from the food industry, these sludges containing sludge of biological nature and sludge of nature non-biological, process in which said sludge of biological nature is pretreated separately with at least one composition according to the invention, then mixed after said pretreatment with sludge of non-biological nature, the mixture of sludges thus formed then being subjected (possibly after another conditioning step) to a dehydration operation. This can make it possible, in particular, by making, prior to the dewatering operation, compatible / assimilable the sludge of biological nature with the other sludge of different nature, to obtain a good behavior of all of the sludge with dewatering and a dryness. high finish. In general, the composition according to the invention can be used in the treatment of aqueous media, for example waste water or industrial aqueous effluents, and more particularly in the clarification of waste water of urban or industrial origin. It can also be used for the detoxification of effluents loaded with polluting species (in particular arsenates, chromates, plumbs) and for the decantation of port or lagoon vessels. It can be used as an aid in the filtration of mineral oxides or in the processing or papermaking processes. It can also be used for mineral processing.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Composition obtenue par mélange d'au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un polyelectrolyte cationique et au moins un cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2 avec au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un agent tensio-actif, de préférence anionique ou amphotère.1. Composition obtained by mixing at least one aqueous solution containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte and at least one mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2 with at least one aqueous solution containing at least one surfactant, preferably anionic or amphoteric.
2. Composition obtenue par mélange d'au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un polyelectrolyte cationique avec au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2 et au moins une solution aqueuse contenant au moins un agent tensio- actif, de préférence anionique ou amphotère.2. Composition obtained by mixing at least one aqueous solution containing at least one cationic polyelectrolyte with at least one aqueous solution containing at least one mineral cation of charge greater than or equal to 2 and at least one aqueous solution containing at least one surfactant - active, preferably anionic or amphoteric.
3. Composition se présentant sous la forme d'une solution aqueuse comprenant au moins un cation minéral de charge supérieure ou égale à 2, au moins un polyelectrolyte cationique et au moins un agent tensio-actif, de préférence anionique ou amphotère.3. Composition in the form of an aqueous solution comprising at least one inorganic cation with a charge greater than or equal to 2, at least one cationic polyelectrolyte and at least one surfactant, preferably anionic or amphoteric.
4. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que ledit cation minéral est choisi parmi Mg2+, La34", Fe3+, Al3+, Zr + et leurs formes polymérisées lorsqu'elles existent.4. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said mineral cation is chosen from Mg 2+ , La 34 " , Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , Zr + and their polymerized forms when they exist.
5. Composition selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que ledit cation minéral est Al3+ ou une de ses formes polymérisées.5. Composition according to claim 4, characterized in that said mineral cation is Al 3+ or one of its polymerized forms.
6. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit cation minéral se présente sous la forme d'un sel hydrosoluble, de préférence choisi parmi les chlorures, les nitrates, les sulfates et les acétates.6. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said mineral cation is in the form of a water-soluble salt, preferably chosen from chlorides, nitrates, sulfates and acetates.
7. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que ledit cation minéral se présente sous la forme d'un chlorure d'aluminium.7. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said mineral cation is in the form of an aluminum chloride.
8. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que ledit cation minéral est mis en œuvre à raison de 0,05 à 2 moles, en particulier de 0,49 à 1 ,8 mole, par kg de ladite composition.8. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said mineral cation is used in an amount of 0.05 to 2 moles, in particular from 0.49 to 1.8 moles, per kg of said composition.
9. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que ledit polyelectrolyte cationique est de poids moléculaire d'au moins 1.106. 9. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said cationic polyelectrolyte is of molecular weight of at least 1.10 6 .
10. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que ledit polyelectrolyte cationique est choisi parmi les polyacrylamides, les oxydes de polyéthylène, les polyvinylpyrrolidones, les polymères d'origine naturelle cationiques. 10. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said cationic polyelectrolyte is chosen from polyacrylamides, polyethylene oxides, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polymers of cationic natural origin.
11. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que ledit polyelectrolyte cationique est un polyacrylamide, de préférence possédant entre 0,1 et 25 % en charge cationique.11. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said cationic polyelectrolyte is a polyacrylamide, preferably having between 0.1 and 25% in cationic charge.
12. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11 , caractérisée en ce que ledit polyelectrolyte cationique est choisi parmi les copolymères de polyacrylamide avec des monomères cationiques ou les polyacrylamides modifiés selon la réaction de Mannich.12. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that said cationic polyelectrolyte is chosen from copolymers of polyacrylamide with cationic monomers or polyacrylamides modified according to the Mannich reaction.
13. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que ledit polyelectrolyte cationique est un copolymère polyacrylamide cationique choisi parmi les copolymères acrylamide / halogénure de préférence chlorure de diallyldialkylammonium, les copolymères diaminoalkylmethacrylate / acrylamide et les copolymères dialkylaminoalkylméthacrylate / acrylamide.13. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said cationic polyelectrolyte is a cationic polyacrylamide copolymer chosen from acrylamide / halide copolymers preferably diallyldialkylammonium chloride, diaminoalkylmethacrylate / acrylamide copolymers and dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate / acrylamide copolymers.
14. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que ledit polyelectrolyte cationique est mis en œuvre à raison d'au plus 10 %, de préférence de 0,1 à 6 %, en poids de ladite composition. 14. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said cationic polyelectrolyte is used in an amount of at most 10%, preferably from 0.1 to 6%, by weight of said composition.
15. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que ledit cation minéral se présente sous la forme d'un chlorure d'aluminium et ledit polyelectrolyte cationique est un copolymère acrylamide / chlorure de diallyldiméthyllammonium, en particulier de poids moléculaire de l'ordre de 3.106.15. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that said mineral cation is in the form of an aluminum chloride and said cationic polyelectrolyte is an acrylamide / diallyldimethyllammonium chloride copolymer, in particular of molecular weight of the order of 3.10 6 .
16. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisée en ce que ledit cation minéral et ledit polyelectrolyte cationique sont mis en œuvre de telle manière que le rapport molaire cation minéral / polyelectrolyte cationique soit compris entre 1.102 et 8.106, en particulier entre 1.103 et 8.106.16. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that said mineral cation and said cationic polyelectrolyte are used in such a way that the mineral cation / cationic polyelectrolyte molar ratio is between 1.10 2 and 8.10 6 , in particular between 1.10 3 and 8.10 6 .
17. Composition selon la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que lorsque, d'une part, ledit cation minéral se présente sous la forme d'un chlorure d'aluminium, et, d'autre part, ledit polyelectrolyte cationique est un copolymère acrylamide / chlorure de diallyldiméthyllammonium, le rapport pondéral polyelectrolyte / aluminium est compris entre 0,01 et 15, plus particulièrement entre 0,1 et 10.17. Composition according to claim 16, characterized in that when, on the one hand, said mineral cation is in the form of an aluminum chloride, and, on the other hand, said cationic polyelectrolyte is an acrylamide / diallyldimethyllammonium chloride, the weight ratio polyelectrolyte / aluminum is between 0.01 and 15, more particularly between 0.1 and 10.
18. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisée en ce que ledit agent tensio-actif est anionique. 18. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that said surfactant is anionic.
19. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisée en ce que ledit agent tensio-actif est mis en œuvre à raison de 0,005 à 0,5 mole, en particulier de 0,005 à 0,3 mole, par kg de ladite composition.19. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that said surfactant is used in an amount of 0.005 to 0.5 mole, in particular from 0.005 to 0.3 mole, per kg of said composition.
20. Application d'au moins une composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 19 pour le conditionnement de boues. 20. Application of at least one composition according to one of claims 1 to 19 for the conditioning of sludge.
21. Application selon la revendication 20, caractérisée en ce que les boues sont issues de l'épuration d'eaux usées ou résiduaires, en vue de leur déshydratation.21. Application according to claim 20, characterized in that the sludge comes from the purification of waste or waste water, with a view to their dehydration.
22. Application selon la revendication 20, caractérisée en que les boues sont issues de l'industrie papetière ou agro-alimentaire. 22. Application according to claim 20, characterized in that the sludge comes from the paper or food industry.
23. Procédé de déshydratation de boues issues de l'industrie papetière ou de boues issues de l'industrie agro-alimentaire, ces boues contenant des boues de nature biologique et des boues de nature non-biologique, procédé dans lequel lesdites boues de nature biologique sont pré-traitées séparément par au moins une composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 19, puis mélangées après ledit pré-traitement aux boues de nature non-biologique, le mélange de boues ainsi formé étant ensuite soumis à une opération de déshydratation.23. Process for dewatering sludge from the paper industry or sludge from the food industry, said sludge containing sludge of biological nature and sludge of non-biological nature, process in which said sludge of biological nature are pretreated separately with at least one composition according to one of claims 1 to 19, then mixed after said pretreatment with non-biological sludge, the sludge mixture thus formed is then subjected to a dewatering operation.
24. Application d'au moins une composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 19 pour le traitement de milieux aqueux. 24. Application of at least one composition according to one of claims 1 to 19 for the treatment of aqueous media.
PCT/FR2002/001032 2001-03-23 2002-03-25 Composition that can be used for conditioning sludge WO2002076894A1 (en)

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