WO2001076182A2 - Method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001076182A2 WO2001076182A2 PCT/US2001/010524 US0110524W WO0176182A2 WO 2001076182 A2 WO2001076182 A2 WO 2001076182A2 US 0110524 W US0110524 W US 0110524W WO 0176182 A2 WO0176182 A2 WO 0176182A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- latency
- client
- management table
- metric
- rtt
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0852—Delays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
- H04L45/121—Shortest path evaluation by minimising delays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
- H04L69/161—Implementation details of TCP/IP or UDP/IP stack architecture; Specification of modified or new header fields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/35—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming involving non-standard use of addresses for implementing network functionalities, e.g. coding subscription information within the address or functional addressing, i.e. assigning an address to a function
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/45—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
Definitions
- the invention relates to the routing of requests to a networked server in a computer environment. More particularly, the invention relates to determining a dynamic hop count between two nodes across a network in a computer environment.
- the Internet is a confederation of loosely connected networks that connect computers all around the world.
- Information is mirrored on multiple servers in order to improve performance, availability, and scalability.
- clients requesting information need to be routed to the optimal server.
- the traffic management industry routes traffic to the optimal server using different latency metrics including the Round Trip Time (RTT) and hop count.
- RTT Round Trip Time
- hop count The Round Trip Time measures the time it takes for a packet to travel between a server and a client or another server.
- the dynamic hop count between a client and a server is typically derived from the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).
- BGP Border Gateway Protocol
- BGP gives the hops between different Autonomous System Numbers (ASN).
- ASN Autonomous System Numbers
- the dynamic hop count can be used to differentiate latency metrics that might be close in terms of RTT.
- the primary function of a BGP speaking system is to exchange network reachability information with other BGP systems.
- the network reachability information includes information on the Autonomous Systems (AS) that the reachability information traverses.
- AS Autonomous Systems
- a BGP speaker advertises to its peers, i.e., other BGP speakers that it communicates with, in neighboring ASs only those routes that it uses.
- the information is sufficient to construct a graph of AS connectivity from which routing loops may be pruned.
- BGP hops The actual number of hops will typically be larger than that advertised by the BGP protocol since BGP only gives the hops between the ASNs.
- IP hops Getting hop counts from the Internet Protocol (IP) is difficult because the Time To Live (TTL) field that is part of the IP header is not initialized to standard values by the various TCP/IP stack software running on various Operating Systems, e.g., Windows 98, Linux, NT, etc.
- TTL Time To Live
- the invention described in this patent provides a different and more precise method of determining the dynamic hop count. It would be advantageous to provide a method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client that provides a more precise method of determining dynamic hop counts. It would further be advantageous to provide a method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client that reduces the traffic required to measure the hops across the network.
- the invention provides a method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client.
- the system provides a more precise method of determining dynamic hop counts and optimal content servers.
- the invention reduces network traffic required for measuring the dynamic hop counts.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention receives requests for content server addresses from local domain names servers (LDNS). POPs that can serve the content are determined and sent latency metric requests.
- LDNS local domain names servers
- the content server receives the request for latency metrics and looks up the latency metric for the client of the requesting LDNS.
- Periodic latency probes are sent to the IP addresses in a Latency Management Table.
- the IP addresses of clients are masked so the latency probes are sent to higher level servers to reduce traffic across the network.
- the hop count and latency data in the packets sent in response to the latency probes are stored in the Latency Management Table.
- the information in the Latency Management Table is used to determine the latency metric from the resident POP to the requesting client before sending the latency metric to the requesting server.
- the BGP hop count in the Latency Management Table is used for the latency metric upon the first request for an IP address.
- the latency metric is calculated for subsequent requests of IP addresses using the hop count and RTT data in the Latency Management Table.
- Latency metrics from POPs are collected and the inverse relationship of the hop counts in a weighted combination with the RTT are used to determine which latency metric indicates the optimal POP.
- the address of the optimal POP is then sent to the requesting LDNS.
- Fig. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention measuring latency between servers and a client according to the invention
- Fig. 2 is a block schematic diagram of an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention measuring dynamic hop counts from two POPs to a Border Gateway server according to the invention
- Fig. 3 is a diagram of a Latency Management table according to the invention.
- Fig. 4 is a block schematic diagram of an example of differing TTL values in IP packets according to the invention.
- Fig. 5 is a block schematic diagram of the inverse relationship of dynamic hop counts in a preferred embodiment of the invention according to the invention.
- Fig. 6 is a block schematic diagram of a task-level viewpoint of a preferred embodiment of the invention according to the invention.
- the invention is embodied in a method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client in a computer environment.
- a system according to the invention provides a more precise method of determining dynamic hop counts and optimal content servers.
- the invention provides a system that reduces network traffic required for measuring the dynamic hop counts.
- the invention provides a new method to determine the dynamic hop count between two nodes (client and server). This new method provides a dynamic hop count that is more precise than the hop count obtained using the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).
- Border Gateway Protocol BGP
- the latency probes in a Speedera Network are responsible for determining the latency between the Speedera servers and a client. This latency information is used by the Speedera Domain Name Server (SPDNS) to direct a client to the server that is "closest" to the client in latency.
- SPDNS Speedera Domain Name Server
- each Speedera Point of Presence (POP) 101 , 102 has a probe server 104, 106 and other infrastructure servers 103, 105.
- the Client 109 receives a request, it tries to resolve the request from the Local Domain Name Server (LDNS) 108. If the LDNS 108 cannot resolve the request, it forwards the request to the Speedera Domain Name Server (SPDNS) 107.
- the SPDNS 107 then routes the request to the optimal POP 101 , 102 by determining the server "closest" to the LDNS 108.
- the Client 109 performs a name lookup for web content images.rich.com/images 110.
- the local DNS (LDNS) client 108 forwards the request 111 to the SPDNS 107.
- the SPDNS 107 requests latency information 1 12, 1 13 from the Speedera probes 104, 106 at locations that can serve images.rich.com (POP1 101 and POP2 102).
- the latency probes 104, 106 initiate probes 1 17, 1 18 to the LDNS 108.
- the latency probes 104, 106 return the latency metrics 1 15, 1 16 to the SPDNS 107.
- the main components that are used by the invention to determine latency metrics are as follows:
- ASN Autonomous System Number
- BGP Border Gateway Protocol
- BGP is a standard algorithm implemented in routers. It is a routing protocol that is used between large routers covering large administrative domains. All routes that are available within a network are exported to another network in an abbreviated form.
- the network reachability information includes information on the Autonomous Systems (AS) that the reachability information traverses.
- AS Autonomous Systems
- a BGP speaker advertises to its peers, i.e., other BGP speakers that it communicates with, in neighboring ASs only those routes that it uses.
- An AS is a set of routers under a single technical administration, using an interior gateway protocol and common metrics to route packets within the AS, and using an exterior gateway protocol to route packets to other ASs.
- the latency probe uses a UDP Reverse Name Lookup and Traceroute to determine RTT and dynamic hop count.
- Reverse Name Lookup is a standard DNS query that specifies a client IP address and asks for the client name.
- Traceroute is a specific format of a packet that is sent between routers to indicate if a packet has reached a destination.
- POP1 201 and Pop2 202 must each find the distance from themselves to the ASN 203.
- the latency for each path must also be found.
- the distance and latency are calculated by using the hop count and latency time, respectively.
- the invention aggregates the client 208 and the DNS 207 and assumes that they are co-located. Additionally, the latency and the hop counts are measured up to the Border Gateway (BG) 206. Once the autonomous system is entered, the hop counts are not as important.
- the distance from the BG 206 to the client 208 is the same from either POP 201 , 202 at that point. Therefore, the relevant distance is to the BG 206. In other words, the distance T1 210 and T2 211 are most likely not equal, but the distance T3 212 is the same for both POPs 201 , 202.
- the address of the client 208 is masked to the IP prefix of the ASN 203. For example, if the address of the client 208 is 4.10.20.30 then the address is masked to the ASN 203 which is 4.0.0.0.
- the mask can vary depending on the granularity desired. For example, the first eight bits may be masked to the DNS, i.e., the address would then be masked to 4.10.20.00. This can be adjusted depending on the size of the network.
- the data in the BGP table does not change over a period of time. Incremental updates are sent as the routing tables change. However, BGP does not require periodic refresh of the entire BGP routing table. Therefore, a BGP speaker must retain the current version of the entire BGP routing tables of all of its peers for the duration of the connection.
- the invention performs its measurements a few times a day to achieve a good picture of the network status.
- the invention reduces Internet traffic by aggregating at a higher level and therefore requires less probes.
- a latency management table is used by the invention.
- the table contains the following fields: IP address 301 ; BGP hop count 302; and Trace data 303.
- IP address field 301 contains the IP addresses that the server is responsible for.
- BGP hop counts 302 is taken from the BGP routing table for the particular IP address.
- the Trace data field 303 contains the latency and hop count information obtained by the latency probes.
- the BGP hop count 302 is used by the SPDNS when the first request from an LDNS comes in for a particular IP address. No previous connection has been established at this point. This is because the dynamic hop count to the BG takes some time to actually measure. Subsequent requests use the actual BG hop count measured by the system located in the Trace field 303. The latency measurement is also taken and the combination of the hop count and latency measurement in the Trace field 303 is used to determine which SPDNS is closest to the client.
- the invention does not need to get absolute hop counts from the various probe servers to the LDNS. It is sufficient to determine the relative hop counts between the probe servers and the LDNS and use this information in arriving at relative latency metrics between the client and the probe servers. This information can then be used by the Speedera DNS to choose between the service points and locate a server that is closest to the client. With respect to Fig. 4, the invention is based on the very safe assumption that the target LDNS 402 will always send out packets with a fixed TTL independent of the SPDNS 401 that initiated a probe.
- IP Internet Protocol
- TTL Time To Live
- the SPDNS 401 originates a packet with a TTL of 64 403.
- the LDNS 402 always sends out packets with its own independent TTL value of 128 404. DNS's will send whatever TTL value that they prefer. The values may differ between each DNS, but each DNS is consistent in its TTL value.
- the two probe servers (Probel 502 and Probe2 503) have initiated probes to the LDNS 501.
- the LDNS 501 returns a response to each of the probe servers.
- the LDNS 501 sets the TTL in the response IP packet to R 504, 505.
- the TTL will be decremented by 1 each time the packet passes through a router (hop).
- the packets go through H1 hops 506 between LDNS 501 and Probel 502 and H2 hops 507 between LDNS 501 and Probe2 503.
- the TTL of the response packet that arrives at Probel 502 will be
- the latency metric is a weighted combination of the RTT and the hop count.
- the latency metric is used to determine the server that is the most efficient for accessing a client.
- the invention precisely determines the hop count metric between client and server.
- the dynamic hop count metric derived through the invention is more accurate than the hop count derived from BGP. As a result, requests will be routed more accurately to the optimal server resulting in improved performance.
- the invention improves performance in multiple Internet infrastructure products including performance monitoring, WAN traffic management, and content distribution.
- a task level viewpoint of the invention is shown.
- Requests for content server addresses from LDNS's are received by the Receive IP Address Request module 605.
- the Receive IP Address Request module 605 sends the content request to the Request Latency Metrics module 606.
- POPs that can serve the content are retrieved from the Server Table 609 by the Request Latency Metrics module 606.
- the Request Latency Metrics module 606 then sends latency metric requests to the POPs that can serve the content and notifies the Determine Optimal Server module 608 that latency metrics are expected.
- Request for latency metrics activate the Send Latency Metric module 601 to lookup the latency metric for the requesting LDNS's client.
- the Send Latency Probe module 603 sends latency probes to the IP addresses in the Latency Management Table 604. The IP addresses of clients are masked so the latency probes are sent to higher level servers as detailed above. Packets sent in response to the latency probes sent by the Send Latency Probe module 603 are received by the Receive Response Packet module 602. Hop count and latency data are stored into the Latency Management Table 604.
- the Send Latency Metric module 601 uses the information in the Latency Management Table 604 to determine the latency metric from the resident POP to the requesting LDNS's client before sending the latency metric to the requesting server.
- the Send Latency Metric module 601 uses the BGP hop count in the Latency Management Table 604 for its calculations upon the first request for an IP address.
- the latency metric is calculated for subsequent requests of IP addresses by the Send Latency Metric module 601 using the hop count and RTT data obtained from the Receive Response Packet module 602. Latency metrics from POPs are received by the Receive Latency Metrics module 607.
- the latency metrics are sent to the Determine Optimal Server module 608.
- the Determine Optimal Server module 608 gathers the expected latency metrics and uses the inverse relationship of the hop counts in a weighted combination with the RTT to determine which latency metric indicates the optimal POP. The Determine Optimal Server module 608 then sends the address of the optimal POP to the requesting LDNS.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2001247925A AU2001247925A1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-03-30 | Method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US19398800P | 2000-03-31 | 2000-03-31 | |
US60/193,988 | 2000-03-31 | ||
US09/657,016 | 2000-09-07 | ||
US09/657,016 US7058706B1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2000-09-07 | Method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001076182A2 true WO2001076182A2 (en) | 2001-10-11 |
WO2001076182A3 WO2001076182A3 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
Family
ID=26889582
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2001/010524 WO2001076182A2 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-03-30 | Method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7058706B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001247925A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001076182A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1324546A1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-07-02 | Motorola, Inc. | Dynamic content delivery method and network |
Families Citing this family (215)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6275470B1 (en) | 1999-06-18 | 2001-08-14 | Digital Island, Inc. | On-demand overlay routing for computer-based communication networks |
US8543901B1 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 2013-09-24 | Level 3 Communications, Llc | Verification of content stored in a network |
US7523181B2 (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2009-04-21 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Method for determining metrics of a content delivery and global traffic management network |
US7886023B1 (en) | 2000-01-21 | 2011-02-08 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a minimalist approach to implementing server selection |
US7653706B2 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2010-01-26 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Dynamic image delivery system |
US7346676B1 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2008-03-18 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Load balancing service |
US8060581B2 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2011-11-15 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Dynamic image delivery system |
US7725602B2 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2010-05-25 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Domain name resolution using a distributed DNS network |
US8527639B1 (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2013-09-03 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Content server selection for accessing content in a content distribution network |
US7657629B1 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2010-02-02 | Foundry Networks, Inc. | Global server load balancing |
US7454500B1 (en) | 2000-09-26 | 2008-11-18 | Foundry Networks, Inc. | Global server load balancing |
US9130954B2 (en) | 2000-09-26 | 2015-09-08 | Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. | Distributed health check for global server load balancing |
EP1436736B1 (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2017-06-28 | Level 3 CDN International, Inc. | Configurable adaptive global traffic control and management |
US7860964B2 (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2010-12-28 | Level 3 Communications, Llc | Policy-based content delivery network selection |
US7373644B2 (en) | 2001-10-02 | 2008-05-13 | Level 3 Communications, Llc | Automated server replication |
US20030079027A1 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2003-04-24 | Michael Slocombe | Content request routing and load balancing for content distribution networks |
US9167036B2 (en) | 2002-02-14 | 2015-10-20 | Level 3 Communications, Llc | Managed object replication and delivery |
KR20040094437A (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2004-11-09 | 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. | Using timing signals to determine proximity between two nodes |
JP3973986B2 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2007-09-12 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | Node search method, node, communication system, and node search program |
GB0217795D0 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2002-09-11 | Hewlett Packard Co | Establishment of network connections |
EP1387302A3 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2006-05-24 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Establishment of network connections |
US7086061B1 (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2006-08-01 | Foundry Networks, Inc. | Statistical tracking of global server load balancing for selecting the best network address from ordered list of network addresses based on a set of performance metrics |
US7574508B1 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2009-08-11 | Foundry Networks, Inc. | Canonical name (CNAME) handling for global server load balancing |
US11368537B2 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2022-06-21 | Dynamic Mesh Networks, Inc. | High performance wireless network |
US9584360B2 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2017-02-28 | Foundry Networks, Llc | Global server load balancing support for private VIP addresses |
US20050097185A1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-05-05 | Simon Gibson | Localization link system |
US7280486B2 (en) * | 2004-01-07 | 2007-10-09 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Detection of forwarding problems for external prefixes |
US7496651B1 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2009-02-24 | Foundry Networks, Inc. | Configurable geographic prefixes for global server load balancing |
US7584301B1 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2009-09-01 | Foundry Networks, Inc. | Host-level policies for global server load balancing |
US7423977B1 (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2008-09-09 | Foundry Networks Inc. | Smoothing algorithm for round trip time (RTT) measurements |
US8346956B2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2013-01-01 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Dynamic image delivery system |
US8145908B1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2012-03-27 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Web content defacement protection system |
US20070101019A1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-03 | Cromer Daryl C | Apparatus, system, and method for managing response latency |
US7519734B1 (en) | 2006-03-14 | 2009-04-14 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | System and method for routing service requests |
US8159961B1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2012-04-17 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Load balancing utilizing adaptive thresholding |
US7991910B2 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2011-08-02 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Updating routing information based on client location |
US8028090B2 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2011-09-27 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing utilizing client location information |
US8615008B2 (en) | 2007-07-11 | 2013-12-24 | Foundry Networks Llc | Duplicating network traffic through transparent VLAN flooding |
KR101616063B1 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2016-04-27 | 구글 인코포레이티드 | Content server latency determination |
US8949405B2 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2015-02-03 | Google Inc. | Content server latency determination |
US8429544B2 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2013-04-23 | Google Inc. | Content server latency demonstration |
US8082290B2 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-12-20 | Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. | Intelligent establishment of peer-to-peer communication |
US8606996B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2013-12-10 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Cache optimization |
US7962597B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2011-06-14 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing based on class |
US8321568B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2012-11-27 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Content management |
US8447831B1 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2013-05-21 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Incentive driven content delivery |
US8601090B1 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2013-12-03 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Network resource identification |
US7970820B1 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2011-06-28 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Locality based content distribution |
US8156243B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2012-04-10 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing |
US8533293B1 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2013-09-10 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Client side cache management |
US10924573B2 (en) | 2008-04-04 | 2021-02-16 | Level 3 Communications, Llc | Handling long-tail content in a content delivery network (CDN) |
WO2009123868A2 (en) | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-08 | Level 3 Communications, Llc | Handling long-tail content in a content delivery network (cdn) |
US9762692B2 (en) | 2008-04-04 | 2017-09-12 | Level 3 Communications, Llc | Handling long-tail content in a content delivery network (CDN) |
US7925782B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2011-04-12 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing using network computing components |
US9912740B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2018-03-06 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Latency measurement in resource requests |
US9407681B1 (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2016-08-02 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Latency measurement in resource requests |
US20100088405A1 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-08 | Microsoft Corporation | Determining Network Delay and CDN Deployment |
US8521880B1 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2013-08-27 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing content delivery network service providers |
US8060616B1 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2011-11-15 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing CDN registration by a storage provider |
US8122098B1 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2012-02-21 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing content delivery network service providers by a content broker |
US8073940B1 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2011-12-06 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing content delivery network service providers |
US8732309B1 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2014-05-20 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing utilizing cost information |
US8065417B1 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2011-11-22 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Service provider registration by a content broker |
US8462681B2 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2013-06-11 | The Trustees Of Stevens Institute Of Technology | Method and apparatus for adaptive transmission of sensor data with latency controls |
US8756341B1 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2014-06-17 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing utilizing popularity information |
US8412823B1 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2013-04-02 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing tracking information entries in resource cache components |
US8688837B1 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2014-04-01 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Dynamically translating resource identifiers for request routing using popularity information |
US8521851B1 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2013-08-27 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | DNS query processing using resource identifiers specifying an application broker |
US8782236B1 (en) | 2009-06-16 | 2014-07-15 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing resources using resource expiration data |
US20100333188A1 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-12-30 | Politowicz Timothy J | Method for protecting networks against hostile attack |
US8397073B1 (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2013-03-12 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing secure content in a content delivery network |
US8433771B1 (en) | 2009-10-02 | 2013-04-30 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Distribution network with forward resource propagation |
JP5428834B2 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2014-02-26 | 富士通株式会社 | Network group determination apparatus, network group determination method, and network group determination program |
US9495338B1 (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2016-11-15 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Content distribution network |
US8756272B1 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2014-06-17 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Processing encoded content |
US8489724B2 (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2013-07-16 | Cdnetworks Co., Ltd. | CNAME-based round-trip time measurement in a content delivery network |
US9003035B1 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2015-04-07 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Point of presence management in request routing |
US9712484B1 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2017-07-18 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing request routing information utilizing client identifiers |
US8468247B1 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2013-06-18 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Point of presence management in request routing |
US8924528B1 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2014-12-30 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Latency measurement in resource requests |
US8938526B1 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2015-01-20 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing management based on network components |
US10097398B1 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2018-10-09 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Point of presence management in request routing |
US10958501B1 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2021-03-23 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing information based on client IP groupings |
US8577992B1 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2013-11-05 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing management based on network components |
US8819283B2 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2014-08-26 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing in a networked environment |
US8930513B1 (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2015-01-06 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Latency measurement in resource requests |
US9536249B2 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2017-01-03 | Excalibur Ip, Llc | Measuring inline ad performance for third-party ad serving |
US8549148B2 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2013-10-01 | Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. | Domain name system security extensions (DNSSEC) for global server load balancing |
US8452874B2 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2013-05-28 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing processing |
US9391949B1 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2016-07-12 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing processing |
US8626950B1 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2014-01-07 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing processing |
US8583824B2 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2013-11-12 | Microsoft Corporation | Identifying an efficient destination server |
US8867337B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2014-10-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Structure-aware caching |
US10467042B1 (en) | 2011-04-27 | 2019-11-05 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Optimized deployment based upon customer locality |
US9736065B2 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2017-08-15 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Level of hierarchy in MST for traffic localization and load balancing |
US9843601B2 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2017-12-12 | Nominum, Inc. | Analyzing DNS requests for anomaly detection |
WO2013035310A1 (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-14 | 日本電気株式会社 | Communication device, communication system, and communication method |
US8908698B2 (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2014-12-09 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for managing site-to-site VPNs of a cloud managed network |
US8904009B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2014-12-02 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Dynamic content delivery |
US10021179B1 (en) | 2012-02-21 | 2018-07-10 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Local resource delivery network |
US9172674B1 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2015-10-27 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing request routing information utilizing performance information |
US10623408B1 (en) | 2012-04-02 | 2020-04-14 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Context sensitive object management |
US9154551B1 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2015-10-06 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Processing DNS queries to identify pre-processing information |
US9350633B2 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2016-05-24 | Lenovo Enterprise Solutions (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Dynamic optimization of command issuance in a computing cluster |
US9525659B1 (en) | 2012-09-04 | 2016-12-20 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request routing utilizing point of presence load information |
US9135048B2 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2015-09-15 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Automated profiling of resource usage |
US9323577B2 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2016-04-26 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Automated profiling of resource usage |
US10205698B1 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2019-02-12 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Source-dependent address resolution |
US9043439B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-05-26 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method for streaming packet captures from network access devices to a cloud server over HTTP |
US10164989B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-12-25 | Nominum, Inc. | Distinguishing human-driven DNS queries from machine-to-machine DNS queries |
US9294391B1 (en) | 2013-06-04 | 2016-03-22 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Managing network computing components utilizing request routing |
US9565138B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2017-02-07 | Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. | Rule-based network traffic interception and distribution scheme |
US9467461B2 (en) | 2013-12-21 | 2016-10-11 | Akamai Technologies Inc. | Countering security threats with the domain name system |
US9648542B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 | 2017-05-09 | Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. | Session-based packet routing for facilitating analytics |
US10122605B2 (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2018-11-06 | Cisco Technology, Inc | Annotation of network activity through different phases of execution |
US9825878B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2017-11-21 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Distributed application framework for prioritizing network traffic using application priority awareness |
US10097448B1 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2018-10-09 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Routing mode and point-of-presence selection service |
US10091096B1 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2018-10-02 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Routing mode and point-of-presence selection service |
US10033627B1 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2018-07-24 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Routing mode and point-of-presence selection service |
US10050862B2 (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2018-08-14 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Distributed application framework that uses network and application awareness for placing data |
US10708342B2 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2020-07-07 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Dynamic troubleshooting workspaces for cloud and network management systems |
US10771475B2 (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2020-09-08 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Techniques for exchanging control and configuration information in a network visibility system |
US10129088B2 (en) | 2015-06-17 | 2018-11-13 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Configuration of rules in a network visibility system |
US10911353B2 (en) | 2015-06-17 | 2021-02-02 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Architecture for a network visibility system |
US9866478B2 (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2018-01-09 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Techniques for user-defined tagging of traffic in a network visibility system |
US10225326B1 (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2019-03-05 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Point of presence based data uploading |
US9819567B1 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2017-11-14 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Traffic surge management for points of presence |
US9887931B1 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2018-02-06 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Traffic surge management for points of presence |
US9887932B1 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2018-02-06 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Traffic surge management for points of presence |
US9832141B1 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2017-11-28 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Routing based request correlation |
US10476982B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2019-11-12 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Multi-datacenter message queue |
US10530688B2 (en) | 2015-06-17 | 2020-01-07 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Configuration of load-sharing components of a network visibility router in a network visibility system |
US10057126B2 (en) | 2015-06-17 | 2018-08-21 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Configuration of a network visibility system |
US10616179B1 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2020-04-07 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Selective routing of domain name system (DNS) requests |
US10034201B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2018-07-24 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Stateless load-balancing across multiple tunnels |
US10097566B1 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2018-10-09 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Identifying targets of network attacks |
US9794281B1 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2017-10-17 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Identifying sources of network attacks |
US9742795B1 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2017-08-22 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Mitigating network attacks |
US9774619B1 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2017-09-26 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Mitigating network attacks |
US11005682B2 (en) | 2015-10-06 | 2021-05-11 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Policy-driven switch overlay bypass in a hybrid cloud network environment |
US10462136B2 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2019-10-29 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Hybrid cloud security groups |
US10270878B1 (en) | 2015-11-10 | 2019-04-23 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Routing for origin-facing points of presence |
US10523657B2 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2019-12-31 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Endpoint privacy preservation with cloud conferencing |
US10205677B2 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2019-02-12 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Cloud resource placement optimization and migration execution in federated clouds |
US10084703B2 (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2018-09-25 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Infrastructure-exclusive service forwarding |
US10257307B1 (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2019-04-09 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Reserved cache space in content delivery networks |
US10049051B1 (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2018-08-14 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Reserved cache space in content delivery networks |
US10348639B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2019-07-09 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Use of virtual endpoints to improve data transmission rates |
US10367914B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2019-07-30 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Attaching service level agreements to application containers and enabling service assurance |
US10243813B2 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2019-03-26 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Software-based packet broker |
US10999200B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2021-05-04 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Offline, intelligent load balancing of SCTP traffic |
US10129177B2 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2018-11-13 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Inter-cloud broker for hybrid cloud networks |
US10057153B1 (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2018-08-21 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Detecting slow virtual devices |
US10075551B1 (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2018-09-11 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Request management for hierarchical cache |
US10110694B1 (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2018-10-23 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Adaptive transfer rate for retrieving content from a server |
US10659283B2 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2020-05-19 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Reducing ARP/ND flooding in cloud environment |
US10432532B2 (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2019-10-01 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Dynamically pinning micro-service to uplink port |
US10382597B2 (en) | 2016-07-20 | 2019-08-13 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for transport-layer level identification and isolation of container traffic |
US10263898B2 (en) | 2016-07-20 | 2019-04-16 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for implementing universal cloud classification (UCC) as a service (UCCaaS) |
US10567344B2 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2020-02-18 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Automatic firewall configuration based on aggregated cloud managed information |
US9992086B1 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2018-06-05 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | External health checking of virtual private cloud network environments |
US10033691B1 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2018-07-24 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Adaptive resolution of domain name requests in virtual private cloud network environments |
US10616250B2 (en) | 2016-10-05 | 2020-04-07 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Network addresses with encoded DNS-level information |
US10523592B2 (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2019-12-31 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Orchestration system for migrating user data and services based on user information |
US10567259B2 (en) | 2016-10-19 | 2020-02-18 | Extreme Networks, Inc. | Smart filter generator |
US11044162B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2021-06-22 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Orchestration of cloud and fog interactions |
US10326817B2 (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2019-06-18 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for quality-aware recording in large scale collaborate clouds |
US10831549B1 (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2020-11-10 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Multi-region request-driven code execution system |
US10372499B1 (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2019-08-06 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Efficient region selection system for executing request-driven code |
US10334029B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2019-06-25 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Forming neighborhood groups from disperse cloud providers |
US10552191B2 (en) | 2017-01-26 | 2020-02-04 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Distributed hybrid cloud orchestration model |
US10320683B2 (en) | 2017-01-30 | 2019-06-11 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Reliable load-balancer using segment routing and real-time application monitoring |
US10938884B1 (en) | 2017-01-30 | 2021-03-02 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Origin server cloaking using virtual private cloud network environments |
US10671571B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2020-06-02 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Fast network performance in containerized environments for network function virtualization |
US11005731B2 (en) | 2017-04-05 | 2021-05-11 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Estimating model parameters for automatic deployment of scalable micro services |
US10503613B1 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2019-12-10 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Efficient serving of resources during server unavailability |
US11075987B1 (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2021-07-27 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Load estimating content delivery network |
US10447648B2 (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2019-10-15 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Assignment of a POP to a DNS resolver based on volume of communications over a link between client devices and the POP |
US10382274B2 (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2019-08-13 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for wide area zero-configuration network auto configuration |
US10439877B2 (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2019-10-08 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Systems and methods for enabling wide area multicast domain name system |
US10425288B2 (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2019-09-24 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Container telemetry in data center environments with blade servers and switches |
US10892940B2 (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2021-01-12 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Scalable statistics and analytics mechanisms in cloud networking |
US10601693B2 (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2020-03-24 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for providing scalable flow monitoring in a data center fabric |
US10541866B2 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2020-01-21 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Detecting and resolving multicast traffic performance issues |
US10742593B1 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2020-08-11 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Hybrid content request routing system |
US11481362B2 (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2022-10-25 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Using persistent memory to enable restartability of bulk load transactions in cloud databases |
US10705882B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2020-07-07 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for resource placement across clouds for data intensive workloads |
US11595474B2 (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2023-02-28 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Accelerating data replication using multicast and non-volatile memory enabled nodes |
US10592578B1 (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2020-03-17 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Predictive content push-enabled content delivery network |
US10511534B2 (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2019-12-17 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Stateless distributed load-balancing |
CN108600051B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-02-18 | 网宿科技股份有限公司 | BGP Anycast cluster service quality detection method and detection equipment |
US10728361B2 (en) | 2018-05-29 | 2020-07-28 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System for association of customer information across subscribers |
US10904322B2 (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2021-01-26 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Systems and methods for scaling down cloud-based servers handling secure connections |
US10764266B2 (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2020-09-01 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Distributed authentication and authorization for rapid scaling of containerized services |
US11019083B2 (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2021-05-25 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System for coordinating distributed website analysis |
US10819571B2 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2020-10-27 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Network traffic optimization using in-situ notification system |
US10904342B2 (en) | 2018-07-30 | 2021-01-26 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Container networking using communication tunnels |
US10862852B1 (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2020-12-08 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Resolution of domain name requests in heterogeneous network environments |
US11025747B1 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2021-06-01 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Content request pattern-based routing system |
US11297040B2 (en) | 2019-05-01 | 2022-04-05 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Intermediary handling of identity services to guard against client side attack vectors |
US10834222B1 (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-10 | Akamai Technologies Inc. | Server utilizing multiple object retrieval candidates |
US11283757B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2022-03-22 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Mapping internet routing with anycast and utilizing such maps for deploying and operating anycast points of presence (PoPs) |
US20210173888A1 (en) | 2019-12-08 | 2021-06-10 | Akamai Technologies Inc. | Proxy server caching of database content |
US11394801B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2022-07-19 | Bank Of America Corporation | Resiliency control engine for network service mesh systems |
US11233768B1 (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2022-01-25 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | CDN configuration tuning based on domain scan analysis |
US11445225B2 (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2022-09-13 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Measuring and improving origin offload and resource utilization in caching systems |
US11799948B2 (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2023-10-24 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Cloud service datacenter selection based on data sovereignty policies |
US11379281B2 (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2022-07-05 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Detection and optimization of content in the payloads of API messages |
US11343348B1 (en) | 2021-04-12 | 2022-05-24 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Real-time message delivery and update service in a proxy server network |
US11343344B1 (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-05-24 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Proxy server entity transfer modes |
EP4327543A1 (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2024-02-28 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Proxy server entity transfer modes |
US20220377079A1 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-24 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Fast, secure, and scalable data store at the edge for connecting network enabled devices |
WO2022272206A1 (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-12-29 | Level 3 Communications, Llc | Network optimization system using latency measurements |
US11748263B2 (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2023-09-05 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Internet caches with object hints |
US11445045B1 (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2022-09-13 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for preventing the caching of rarely requested objects |
Family Cites Families (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5729689A (en) | 1995-04-25 | 1998-03-17 | Microsoft Corporation | Network naming services proxy agent |
US6360256B1 (en) | 1996-07-01 | 2002-03-19 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Name service for a redundant array of internet servers |
US5774660A (en) | 1996-08-05 | 1998-06-30 | Resonate, Inc. | World-wide-web server with delayed resource-binding for resource-based load balancing on a distributed resource multi-node network |
US6052718A (en) * | 1997-01-07 | 2000-04-18 | Sightpath, Inc | Replica routing |
US5918228A (en) | 1997-01-28 | 1999-06-29 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for enabling a web server to impersonate a user of a distributed file system to obtain secure access to supported web documents |
US6078943A (en) | 1997-02-07 | 2000-06-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for dynamic interval-based load balancing |
US6173311B1 (en) | 1997-02-13 | 2001-01-09 | Pointcast, Inc. | Apparatus, method and article of manufacture for servicing client requests on a network |
US6256675B1 (en) * | 1997-05-06 | 2001-07-03 | At&T Corp. | System and method for allocating requests for objects and managing replicas of objects on a network |
US6112239A (en) | 1997-06-18 | 2000-08-29 | Intervu, Inc | System and method for server-side optimization of data delivery on a distributed computer network |
US6029196A (en) | 1997-06-18 | 2000-02-22 | Netscape Communications Corporation | Automatic client configuration system |
US6006264A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-12-21 | Arrowpoint Communications, Inc. | Method and system for directing a flow between a client and a server |
US6128279A (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2000-10-03 | Web Balance, Inc. | System for balancing loads among network servers |
US6070191A (en) | 1997-10-17 | 2000-05-30 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Data distribution techniques for load-balanced fault-tolerant web access |
WO1999029083A1 (en) | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-10 | Alcatel Usa Sourcing, L.P. | Method and apparatus for dynamic domain names |
US6118765A (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 2000-09-12 | Qualcomm Inc. | System method and computer program product for eliminating unnecessary retransmissions |
US6119171A (en) | 1998-01-29 | 2000-09-12 | Ip Dynamics, Inc. | Domain name routing |
US6735631B1 (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 2004-05-11 | Sprint Communications Company, L.P. | Method and system for networking redirecting |
US6665271B1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2003-12-16 | Transnexus, Llc | System for real-time prediction of quality for internet-based multimedia communications |
US6115752A (en) | 1998-05-21 | 2000-09-05 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | System and method for server selection for mirrored sites |
US6260070B1 (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2001-07-10 | Dhaval N. Shah | System and method for determining a preferred mirrored service in a network by evaluating a border gateway protocol |
US6249801B1 (en) | 1998-07-15 | 2001-06-19 | Radware Ltd. | Load balancing |
US6092178A (en) | 1998-09-03 | 2000-07-18 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | System for responding to a resource request |
US6381627B1 (en) | 1998-09-21 | 2002-04-30 | Microsoft Corporation | Method and computer readable medium for discovering master DNS server computers for a given domain name in multiple master and multiple namespace configurations |
US6438652B1 (en) | 1998-10-09 | 2002-08-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Load balancing cooperating cache servers by shifting forwarded request |
US6298381B1 (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2001-10-02 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for information retrieval regarding services |
US6182148B1 (en) | 1999-03-18 | 2001-01-30 | Walid, Inc. | Method and system for internationalizing domain names |
US6795860B1 (en) * | 1999-04-05 | 2004-09-21 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for selecting a service with dynamically changing information |
US6430619B1 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2002-08-06 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Virtual private data network session count limitation |
FI107421B (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2001-07-31 | Stonesoft Oy | Procedure for selecting connections |
US6415323B1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2002-07-02 | Fastforward Networks | Proximity-based redirection system for robust and scalable service-node location in an internetwork |
US6405252B1 (en) | 1999-11-22 | 2002-06-11 | Speedera Networks, Inc. | Integrated point of presence server network |
US6560717B1 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2003-05-06 | Art Technology Group, Inc. | Method and system for load balancing and management |
US20020099816A1 (en) | 2000-04-20 | 2002-07-25 | Quarterman John S. | Internet performance system |
US7653706B2 (en) | 2000-07-19 | 2010-01-26 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Dynamic image delivery system |
US6546014B1 (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2003-04-08 | Alloptic, Inc. | Method and system for dynamic bandwidth allocation in an optical access network |
-
2000
- 2000-09-07 US US09/657,016 patent/US7058706B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-03-30 AU AU2001247925A patent/AU2001247925A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-30 WO PCT/US2001/010524 patent/WO2001076182A2/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
BHATTACHARJEE S ET AL: "APPLICATION-LAYER ANYCASTING" PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE INFOCOM '97. THE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS. 16TH ANNUAL JOINT CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETIES. DRIVING THE INFORMATION REVOLUTION. KOBE, APRIL 7 - 12, 1997, LOS ALAMITOS, CA: IEEE COMPU, vol. 3, 7 April 1997 (1997-04-07), pages 1388-1396, XP000851102 ISBN: 0-8186-7782-1 * |
FEI Z ET AL: "NOVEL SERVER SELECTION TECHNIQUE FOR IMPROVING THE RESPONSE TIME OFA REPLICATED SERVICE" PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE INFOCOM '98. THE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS. 17TH ANNUAL JOINT CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY. GATEWAY TO THE 21ST CENTURY. SAN FRANCISCO, CA, MARCH 29 - APRIL 2, 1998, PROCEEDINGS IEEE I, vol. 2, 29 March 1998 (1998-03-29), pages 783-791, XP000852062 ISBN: 0-7803-4384-0 * |
GUYTON J D ET AL: "LOCATING NEARBY COPIES OF REPLICATED INTERNET SERVERS" COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS REVIEW, ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY. NEW YORK, US, vol. 25, no. 4, 1 October 1995 (1995-10-01), pages 288-298, XP000541664 ISSN: 0146-4833 * |
MOORE K ET AL: "SONAR - a network proximity service" IETF INTERNET-DRAFT, 23 February 1996 (1996-02-23), XP002109464 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1324546A1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-07-02 | Motorola, Inc. | Dynamic content delivery method and network |
WO2003065659A1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-08-07 | Motorola Inc | Dynamic content allocation/delivery mechanism |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7058706B1 (en) | 2006-06-06 |
AU2001247925A1 (en) | 2001-10-15 |
WO2001076182A3 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7058706B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining latency between multiple servers and a client | |
US9692679B2 (en) | Event triggered traceroute for optimized routing in a computer network | |
US7165116B2 (en) | Method for network discovery using name servers | |
US8117296B2 (en) | Domain name resolution using a distributed DNS network | |
EP2466810B1 (en) | Method and router for a service dependent routing | |
TWI398149B (en) | Method, apparatus, system, instructions and software for domain name resolution | |
Pan et al. | An overview of DNS-based server selections in content distribution networks | |
Jakab et al. | LISP-TREE: a DNS hierarchy to support the lisp mapping system | |
US7619982B2 (en) | Active probe path management | |
US7675861B2 (en) | Active probe target management | |
US7447798B2 (en) | Methods and systems for providing dynamic domain name system for inbound route control | |
JP2001508258A (en) | Replica routing | |
US20100110891A1 (en) | Sharing performance measurements among address prefixes of a same domain in a computer network | |
Goel et al. | Faster web through client-assisted CDN server selection | |
Agarwal et al. | Content distribution architecture using network layer anycast | |
Cabellos et al. | An Architectural Introduction to the Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) | |
US8510419B2 (en) | Identifying a subnet address range from DNS information | |
Colitti et al. | Evaluating the effects of anycast on DNS root name servers | |
JP5283271B2 (en) | Server selection method, selection system and program in network | |
Cisco | Configuring CSS Network Protocols | |
Cisco | AppleTalk Commands | |
Qian et al. | Bringing local dns servers close to their clients | |
Tomic et al. | Implementation and efficiency analysis of composite DNS-metric for dynamic server selection | |
US20230300060A1 (en) | Optimizing network delivery of 5g edge application services | |
Grossglauser et al. | Looking for science in the art of network measurement |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |