WO2001050625A2 - Umsetzung eines bidirektionalen so-datenstroms für eine übermittlung über ein niederspannungsstromnetz - Google Patents
Umsetzung eines bidirektionalen so-datenstroms für eine übermittlung über ein niederspannungsstromnetz Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001050625A2 WO2001050625A2 PCT/DE2000/004541 DE0004541W WO0150625A2 WO 2001050625 A2 WO2001050625 A2 WO 2001050625A2 DE 0004541 W DE0004541 W DE 0004541W WO 0150625 A2 WO0150625 A2 WO 0150625A2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
- H04Q11/0428—Integrated services digital network, i.e. systems for transmission of different types of digitised signals, e.g. speech, data, telecentral, television signals
- H04Q11/0435—Details
- H04Q11/0471—Terminal access circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
- H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
- H04B2203/5404—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
- H04B2203/5408—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines using protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
- H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
- H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
- H04B2203/5445—Local network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
- H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
- H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
- H04B2203/545—Audio/video application, e.g. interphone
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13034—A/D conversion, code compression/expansion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/1308—Power supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13202—Network termination [NT]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13209—ISDN
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13291—Frequency division multiplexing, FDM
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13292—Time division multiplexing, TDM
Definitions
- a known data transmission method is the transmission of data via the power supply network, in the literature frequently referred to as 'power communication', abbreviated to 'PLC'.
- 'PLC' power supply network
- the power supply network is structured in Europe depending on the type of energy transmission, m different network structures and transmission levels.
- the high-voltage level with a voltage range from 110 kV to 380 KVB is used for energy transmission over long distances.
- the medium-voltage level with a voltage range of 10 kV to 38 kV serves to carry the electrical energy from the high-voltage network close to the consumer and is lowered to a low-voltage level with a voltage range of up to 0.4 kV by suitable network transformers.
- the low voltage level is subdivided into a so-called out-of-home area - also known as a 'last mile' or 'access area' - and a so-called in-house area - also known as a 'last meter'.
- the out-of-home area of the low-voltage level defines the area of the power supply network between the power transformer and a payer unit assigned to a consumer.
- the domestic area of the low-voltage voltage level defines the range from the payment
- the EN 50065 standard specifies four different frequency ranges for data transmission via the power supply network - often referred to in the literature as CENELEC bands A to D - with an approved frequency range from 9 kHz to 148.5 kHz and each with a maximum permissible transmission power which are reserved for data transmission based on 'Powerline Communication'.
- a transmission of voice data For telecommunication applications, e.g. a transmission of voice data, data transmission rates in the range of a few Mbit / s are usually required. For the implementation of such a data transmission rate, a sufficiently large transmission bandwidth is required above all, which requires a frequency spectrum of up to 20 MHz with a suitable transmission behavior. A data transmission in the frequency range up to 20 MHz with a suitable transmission behavior can only be realized today in the low voltage level of the power supply network.
- a known data transmission method for the transmission of digital voice data is the ISDN transmission method (Integrated Services Digital Network).
- a data transmission Measured according to the ISDN transmission method which fulfills the above-mentioned conditions, for example on the basis of the known S o interface - often referred to in the literature as the basic connection.
- the object of the present invention is to provide measures by means of which an S 0 interface can be implemented for data transmission on the basis of 'power communication'.
- a major advantage of the method and device according to the invention is that by implementing the known S interface for data transmission based on 'powerline communication', conventional ISDN communication terminals are simple and inexpensive for data transmission via a low-voltage power network can be used.
- An advantage of embodiments of the invention defined in the subclaims is, inter alia, that by using known compression methods or compression devices, for example based on the voice coding algorithm G.729 standardized by the ITU-T, the compression methods or compression devices are simply used for the transmission of a S 0 data stream over the low-voltage power grid required bandwidth can be reduced.
- Another advantage of embodiments of the invention defined in the subclaims is that the existing tree structure of the low-voltage electricity network in the domestic area can be easily connected to a master-slave communication system. cation-configured relationship between a master device confi ⁇ , one each consumer assigned payers unit and the devices connected to the low voltage power grid, can be ⁇ chtung as slave I obligations configured Kirunikationsem ⁇ ch- displayed.
- Another advantage of the embodiments of the invention defined in the subclaims is that by using the transmission mechanisms implemented for the S 0 interface, bidirectional and collision-free data transmission via the low-voltage power network with up to a maximum of 8 connected slave devices is implemented without additional implementation effort can be.
- 1 a structural diagram for the schematic representation of a power supply network
- 2 shows a structural diagram for the schematic representation of a conversion of an S 0 data stream encoded in an inverted AMI channel code and a binary-coded Sn data stream
- 3 shows a structural diagram for the schematic representation of an implementation of the S data stream for transmission via a low-voltage network according to a first embodiment
- 4 a structural diagram for the schematic representation of an implementation of the Sr data stream for a transmission via the low-voltage network according to a second embodiment
- 5 a structural diagram for the schematic representation of a one carried out by a compression unit
- FIG. 6 is a structural diagram for the schematic representation ei ⁇ ner linearization of binar coded So data ⁇ current.
- the power supply network is structured depending on the type of energy transmission m different network structures or transmission levels.
- the high-voltage level or the high-voltage network HSN with a voltage range of 110 kV to 380 kV is used for energy transmission over long distances.
- the medium-voltage level or the medium-voltage network MSN with a voltage range from 10 kV to 38 kV is used to conduct the electrical energy from the high-voltage network close to the consumer.
- the medium-voltage network MSN is connected to the high-voltage network HSN via a transformer station HSN-MSN TS that converts the respective voltages.
- the medium-voltage network MSN is additionally connected to the low-voltage network NSN via a further transformer station MSN-NSN TS.
- the low-voltage level or the low-voltage network with a voltage range of up to 0.4 kV is divided into a so-called AHB out-of-home area and a so-called IHB in-house area.
- the outside area AHB defines the area of the low-voltage network NSN between the further transformer station MSN-NSN TS and a payment unit ZE assigned to a respective consumer.
- the in-house area IHB defines the area from the payer unit ZE to the connection units AE arranged in the in-house area IHB.
- a connection unit AE is, for example, a socket connected to the low-voltage network NSN.
- the low-voltage network NSN in the IHB in-house area is usually designed as a tree network structure, the number of units ZE being the root of the tree network structure.
- For transmission of digital voice data - insbesonde ⁇ re based on the S 0 -Schn ⁇ ttstelle - about Stromversor ⁇ supply network is a transmission bandwidth of several megabits / sec necessary with a suitable transmission response which option is currently available only in the low-voltage network NSN.
- Em S c - data stream consists of a sequence of so-called S 0 frames SR to be transmitted one after the other.
- the AMI channel code is a pseudoternary line code in which the two binary states "0" and "1" are represented by the three signal potentials' 0 ',' 1 'and' -1 *.
- the binary state "1" is represented by the signal potential '0'.
- Either positive or negative signal potential '1' or '-1' is assigned to the binary state "0", the polarity changing between two successive "0” states.
- a So interface essentially comprises 2 user data channels, each of which is designed as an ISDN-oriented B channel with a transmission bit rate of 64 kbit / s and a signaling channel which is an ISDN-oriented D channel with a transmission bit rate of 16 kbit / s is configured.
- a 4-wire transmission is generally provided for bidirectional data transmission via the So interface, the two transmission directions - hereinafter referred to as downstream direction DS and upstream direction US - being carried over separate lines.
- the Downstream direction DS defines the data transmission over a transmission path from a central device controlling the transmission - hereinafter referred to as 'master' M - to further devices connected to the transmission path - hereinafter referred to as 'slaves' S ⁇ .
- the upstream direction US defines the data transmission from the respective slaves S to the master M.
- the payment unit ZE assigned to a domestic area IHB is designated as the master M - indicated by M in brackets in FIG. 1 - and via the
- Connection units AE configured as slaves S to the low-voltage network NSN in the in-house area IHB connected communication devices.
- a maximum of eight different slaves S can be addressed by the master M via the S 0 interface.
- an S 0 frame SR m downstream direction DS and m upstream direction US is shown for a pseudoternar S 0 data stream encoded in the inverted AMI channel code.
- Em S 0 frame SR has a frame length of 250 ⁇ s and comprises a total of 48 bits.
- 16 bits of user information are transmitted via a first user data channel B1 and 16 bits of user information are transmitted via a second user data channel B2 and 4 bit signaling information is transmitted via the signaling channel.
- additional control bits are transmitted in an S 0 frame SR, for example for access control, for a synchronization of the downstream data stream DS and the upstream data stream US and for the realization of higher system services in accordance with the OSI layer model.
- the conditions for data transmission via the S 0 interface are standardized in the ITU-T (International Telecommunications Union) specification 1.430 "ISDN User Network Interfaces".
- ITU-T International Telecommunications Union
- the 48-bit information encoded in the AMI channel code of the So frame SR is converted into 48-bit binary-coded information and is converted to a 50 by a 2-bit header H Bit-long binary frame BR summarized.
- the header H comprises a synchronization bit SYN and an initial state bit ANF.
- the initial status bit ANF contains information about the signal potential associated with the first “0” status in the AMI channel code. Since the signal potential for the "0" state can have the potential 1 or -1, this information is necessary for the recoverability of the original AMI channel code on the receiver side.
- the synchronization bit SYN is used to synchronize the mutually assigned S 0 frames SR for the downstream data stream DS and the upstream data stream US restored from the binary frames BR on the receiver side, since the mutually assigned S frames SR for the downstream - and the upstream data stream DS, US - as can be seen from the figure - are mutually offset by two bits.
- FIG. 3 shows a structural diagram for the schematic representation of a conversion of the pseudoternar S 0 data stream coded in the inverted AMI channel code for transmission via the low-voltage network NSN according to a first embodiment.
- the pseudotemary S 0 data stream coded in accordance with the m-shifted AMI channel code is converted by the conversion unit UE - as described with reference to FIG. 2 - into a binary coded S 0 data stream.
- the binary coded, consisting of a sequence of binary frames BR S 0 data stream is subsequently to a log PE ⁇ unit for conversion to a lung for a data Mitt ⁇ provided via the low-voltage network NSN data formats passed mat.
- a master-slave communication relationship is set up for data transmission between the devices connected to the NSN low-voltage network in IHB area and the ZE counter unit assigned to IHB in-house area.
- the counter unit ZE arranged in the in-house area IHB and forming the root of the tree structure is defined as the master M and the other devices connected to the low-voltage network NSN via the connection units AE are defined as slaves S.
- So-called PLC data packets each with a length of 250 ⁇ s, are provided for data transmission via the low-voltage network NSN, which are subdivided into a PLC header PLC-H and a user data area.
- the PLC header PLC-H essentially contains address information for addressing the slaves S connected to the low-voltage network NSN.
- the address information can be assigned by a MAC address (medium access
- the MAC address is a unique 6-byte hardware address located on layer 2 of the OSI reference model.
- the slave S connected to the low-voltage network NSN can be addressed using VPI / VCI addressing (Virtual Path I_dentifier / Virtual Channel I_dentifer) based on the ATM protocol (Asynchronous Transfer Mode).
- the number of channels per PLC data packet corresponds to the maximum number of slaves S that can be connected to the low-voltage network NSN. As already described, a maximum of up to eight different slaves Sl - S8 can be addressed via the S ⁇ interface by the master M.
- the useful data areas of the PLC data packets in the present exemplary embodiment are each subdivided into eight channels, each 50 bits long.
- the respective subdivision of the user data areas of the PLC data packets of an equal number of channels is referred to in literature as symmetrical frame formation.
- Each slave Sl - S8 is both for the downstream direction
- the slave Sl-S8 can send or receive data, i.e. the binary frames BR assigned to the slaves S1-S8 are inserted or removed from the respective channel assigned to the slave S1-S8 by the protocol unit PE m.
- the protocol unit PE m In the present master-slave communication relationship, for example, a cyclically fixed, hierarchical transmission process is implemented for each PLC data packet. In the literature, this broadcasting procedure is usually called
- the PLC data packets are then transmitted from the protocol unit PE to a first or a second transmission unit UEE1, UEE2 for transmission via the low-voltage network NSN.
- the first and the second transmission unit UEE1, UEE2 implement the data transmission, for example in accordance with the OFDM transmission method (Orthogonal Frequency Division Muliplex) with an upstream FEC error correction (Forward Error Correction) and an upstream DQPSK modulation (Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keymg).
- the first transmission unit UEE1 controls data transmission over the low-voltage network NSN in a first frequency range ⁇ f-DS and the second transmission unit UEE2 controls the data transmission in a second frequency range ⁇ f-US.
- Further information on these transmission and modulation methods can be found in Jörg Stolle's previously unpublished thesis: "Powerline Communication PLC", 5/99, Siemens AG.
- the useful data area of the PLC data packet m is divided into a total of 8 channels, each with a length of 50 bits.
- a required transmission bit rate for the downstream direction DS and the upstream direction US - without taking the PLC header into account - there is a required transmission bit rate of:
- an asymmetrical frame formation (not shown) can alternatively be realized.
- Analog to the symmetrical frame formation for a realization of a bidirectional data transmission over the low-voltage network NSN for the downstream data stream DS and for the upstream data stream US different PLC data packets are defined, which with the help of the frequency duplex method by modulation m two different frequency ranges ⁇ f-DS, ⁇ f-US to be shifted.
- the useful data area of the PLC data packet for the upstream data stream US is divided into eight channels, each 50 bits long, using the time division multiplex-based multiple access control method.
- Each slave Sl - S8 is permanently assigned to a channel by allowing it to transmit, ie the binary frames BR assigned to the slaves Sl - S8 become the respective channel of the PLC data packet for the upstream assigned to the slave Sl - S8 by the protocol unit PE m - US data stream inserted.
- the transmission process is also implemented in 'Pollmg'.
- the useful data area of the PLC data packet for the downstream data stream DS comprises only a single 50-bit channel via which data is transmitted from the master M to the slaves S1-S8. Since the downstream direction DS sends the master M as the only device, the point-to-multipoint structure realized in the symmetrical frame formation can be dispensed with.
- the useful information to be transmitted by the master M is sent in parallel to all slaves S1-S8. This transmission method is generally referred to as 'broadcasting operation'.
- the PLC data packets are then transmitted from the protocol unit PE to the first or second transmission unit UEE1, UEE2 analogously to the symmetrical frame formation for transmission via the low-voltage network NSN.
- the transmitted information according ei ⁇ ner further embodiment of the present invention within the framework of men ⁇ Binarrahmens BR is rimiert komp ⁇ .
- FIG. 4 shows a structural diagram for the schematic representation of a conversion of the pseudoternar S 0 data stream coded in the inverted AMI channel code for transmission via the low-voltage network NSN according to the further embodiment of the present invention.
- a compression unit KE is interposed, by means of which the binar frames BR are converted into compressed binar frames KBR.
- the mode of operation of the conversion unit UE, the protocol unit PE and the transmission units UEE1, UEE2 is as described with reference to the first embodiment.
- the compression of the information transmitted by the binar frame BR is carried out in more detail below.
- only the user data information transmitted in the context of the user data channels B1, B2 is compressed.
- the signaling information transmitted as part of the signaling channel D and the additional control information become transparent, i.e. transmitted without compression.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a method for compressing the binary-coded S 0 data stream consisting of a sequence of binary frames BR.
- forty binar frames BR-Rl, ..., BR-R40 of a memory device ZSP are assigned to a transmission DS, US the compression unit KE temporarily stored.
- a respective duration of the bar frames BR of 250 ⁇ s, this corresponds to a total duration of 10 ms.
- the interim ⁇ rule stored Bmarrahmen BR-Rl, ..., BR-R40 m a Sepa ⁇ réellesemheit ASE respectively in logical units are divided and separated from each other.
- Logical units form, for example, the header H, the first user data channel B1 and the second user data channel B2.
- the signaling channel D and the additional control bits of the bar frames BR-Rl, ..., BR-R40 form further logical units depending on their position in the bar frame BR.
- the logical units of the bar frames BR-Rl, ..., BR-R40 are then - as illustrated in the figure - combined to form a processing frame and forwarded to a linearization and compression unit LKE.
- the processing frames formed from the header H, the signaling channel D and the additional control bits are carried out transparently, ie without compression by the linearization and compression unit LKE.
- the processing frames assigned to the first and the second user data channel B1, B2, on the other hand, are each supplied to a linearization unit LE of the linearization and compression unit LKE.
- the processing frame assigned to a user data channel B1, B2 comprises a total of 80 user data bytes assigned to a respective user data channel B1, B2, with two user data bytes in the processing frame being assigned to each bar frame BR-R1, ..., BR-R40.
- the user data information transmitted in the context of the first and the second user data channel B1, B2 is coded as standard with an 8 bit resolution according to a non-linear, so-called A characteristic. In order to be able to use known compression methods, a linearization of the user data information preceding the compression is necessary.
- the processing frames with the linearly coded useful data information are then each fed to a channel-specific compression unit KE-B1, KE-B2.
- a channel-specific compression unit KE-B1, KE-B2 By ka ⁇ nalspezifischen compression units KE-Bl, B2 KE-compression of the payload data transmitted in the frame processing is performed according to the standardized by the ITU-T G.729 compression method.
- This speech coding algorithm converts the linearly coded 16 bit samples with a sampling frequency of 8 kHz into an 8 kbit / s data stream.
- a voice segment with a duration of 10 ms - that is, in the present exemplary embodiment corresponds to a length of 1280 bits of useful data information - is necessary for a parameter calculation to be carried out according to the algorithm.
- G.729 compression method standardized by the ITU-T
- other compression methods can also be used for compression.
- the compressed processing frames KR-Bl, KR-B2 are subsequently fed to a frame forming unit RBE which contains the compressed useful data information contained in the compressed processing frames KR-Bl, KR-B2 in accordance with the originally uncompressed bar frames BR-Rl, ..., BR- R40 is separated and combined with the further information, which is transparently guided by the linearization and compression unit LKE, as shown in the figure, to form a compressed bar frame KBR.
- a compressed binary frame KBR thus has 22 bits of information - 4 bits of user data information and 18 bits of additional information - with a duration of 250 ⁇ s.
- the for the transmission of a compressed binary frame mens KBR benot costume transmission bandwidth is reduced so ⁇ with, in contrast to an uncompressed Bmarrahmen BR 200 kbit / s to 88 kbit / s.
- the compressed bar frames KBR are then transmitted analogously to the first embodiment to the first or the second transmission unit UEE1, UEE2 for feeding into the low-voltage network NSN.
- FIG. 6 now shows a schematic representation of a method for linearizing the useful data information summarized in the processing frame.
- the user data information transmitted in the user data channels B1, B2 is briefly coded in accordance with the pulse code modulation PCM.
- the pulse code modulation uses a non-linear, so-called "A-Kennlime" for coding.
- the A-Kennlmie consists of a total of 13 sections - also referred to as segments.
- each amplitude value of a signal to be sampled is represented by 8 bits.
- the first bit indicates the sign of the sampled signal.
- the next 3 bits define the relevant segment of the A-Kennlime and the last 4 bits define a quantization level within a segment. This results in a total of 256 quantization levels.
- the linearization unit LE Through the linearization unit LE, the user data information coded according to the non-imear A characteristic is em, signal encoded according to a linear characteristic. At the same time, the 8-bit resolution used by the A-Kennlmie is converted to a 16-bit resolution. The use of a linear coding with a 16 bit resolution creates the conditions for a subsequent use of the compression method according to the ITU-T standard G.729.
- the PLC data packets are read out from the low-voltage network NSN and converted into a pseudo-ternary S 0 data stream coded according to the inverted AMI channel code, analogous to the described mode of operation, only in the opposite direction.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP00991101A EP1243083A2 (de) | 1999-12-30 | 2000-12-19 | Umsetzung eines bidirektionalen so-datenstroms für eine übermittlung über ein niederspannungsstromnetz |
BR0017053-4A BR0017053A (pt) | 1999-12-30 | 2000-12-19 | Processo e dispositivo para a conversão de uma corrente de dados so bidirecional para uma transmissão através de uma rede de corrente de baixa tensão |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19963816.0 | 1999-12-30 | ||
DE19963816A DE19963816C2 (de) | 1999-12-30 | 1999-12-30 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umsetzung eines bidirektionalen Datenstroms über eine So-Schnittstelle für eine Übermittlung über ein Niederspannungsstromnetz |
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WO2001050625A2 true WO2001050625A2 (de) | 2001-07-12 |
WO2001050625A3 WO2001050625A3 (de) | 2002-01-24 |
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PCT/DE2000/004541 WO2001050625A2 (de) | 1999-12-30 | 2000-12-19 | Umsetzung eines bidirektionalen so-datenstroms für eine übermittlung über ein niederspannungsstromnetz |
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US (1) | US20030090368A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1243083A2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR0017053A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19963816C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001050625A2 (de) |
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US6854059B2 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2005-02-08 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for medium access control in powerline communication network systems |
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US6982611B2 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2006-01-03 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line coupling device and method of using the same |
US7193506B2 (en) * | 2002-08-19 | 2007-03-20 | Arkados, Inc. | Method and system for maximizing data throughput rate in a power line communications system by modifying payload symbol length |
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US7064654B2 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2006-06-20 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication system and method of operating the same |
US20050063363A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-03-24 | Sashi Lazar | Communication protocol over power line communication networks |
IL160417A (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2011-04-28 | Mosaid Technologies Inc | Unit added to the outlet |
CA2476331A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-01-30 | Michael Becigneul | New centralized powering method |
US7873058B2 (en) | 2004-11-08 | 2011-01-18 | Mosaid Technologies Incorporated | Outlet with analog signal adapter, a method for use thereof and a network using said outlet |
US20080056338A1 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | David Stanley Yaney | Power Line Communication Device and Method with Frequency Shifted Modem |
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- 2000-12-19 BR BR0017053-4A patent/BR0017053A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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US7701325B2 (en) | 2002-12-10 | 2010-04-20 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication apparatus and method of using the same |
US7804763B2 (en) | 2005-04-04 | 2010-09-28 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication device and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1243083A2 (de) | 2002-09-25 |
DE19963816A1 (de) | 2001-07-19 |
US20030090368A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
WO2001050625A3 (de) | 2002-01-24 |
DE19963816C2 (de) | 2002-09-26 |
BR0017053A (pt) | 2003-01-07 |
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