WO2001038639A1 - High opacity tissue products - Google Patents
High opacity tissue products Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001038639A1 WO2001038639A1 PCT/US2000/032162 US0032162W WO0138639A1 WO 2001038639 A1 WO2001038639 A1 WO 2001038639A1 US 0032162 W US0032162 W US 0032162W WO 0138639 A1 WO0138639 A1 WO 0138639A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tissue
- nonparticulate
- products
- tissue products
- filler
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/28—Colorants ; Pigments or opacifying agents
- D21H21/285—Colorants ; Pigments or opacifying agents insoluble
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/50—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
- D21H21/52—Additives of definite length or shape
- D21H21/54—Additives of definite length or shape being spherical, e.g. microcapsules, beads
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to the incorporation of nonparticulate fillers into tissue products such as bath tissue, facial tissue, and towels for enhancing opacity without resulting in decreased softness and increased stiffness. More particularly, the present invention is directed to the incorporation of hollow microsphere pigments into tissue products in either the wet end or the dry end of the manufacturing process for tissue products.
- Opacity is an important property of tissue products and is directly related to basis weight. As technology develops to allow the formation of acceptable tissue products at lower basis weights, maintaining the opacity, or "see-through", of tissue products becomes a key issue. Low opacity in a tissue product may cause the consumer to perceive the tissue as weak, flimsy, or of poor quality in general.
- a traditional method of enhancing opacity in paper products is the addition of particulate fillers.
- Such particulate fillers may include titanium dioxide, Kaolin, calcium carbonate, and the like, and may be added in the wet end of tissue formation or as a post-treatment to the formed tissue.
- particulate filers typically increases the abrasiveness and stiffness of the tissue products while decreasing their softness.
- particulate fillers are usually inorganic fillers that leave a residue when the product is ashed, thus resulting in a further disadvantage of employing such particulate fillers.
- Nonparticulate fillers are known in the industry for their ability to improve the opacity of fine papers.
- nonparticulate fillers such as hollow microsphere pigments have been used to improve the opacity of newsprint and other such papers.
- Such hollow microsphere pigments have not been commonly incorporated into tissue products.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,619,734 to Andersson does disclose a sanitary paper web having high bulk and high softness that contains expanded microspheres of thermoplastic material. Yet, the incorporation of these expanded microspheres results in a decrease of the tensile strength.
- the web product described in Andersson is bulky, and the opacity of the product is not improved to desired levels.
- tissue products having improved tactile properties, such as softness and tensile strength, as compared to tissue products made with particulate fillers.
- nonparticulate fillers in the wet end of a tissue manufacturing process or as a post-treatment additive to a formed tissue.
- a cationic starch retention aid may be added to the tissue product along with the nonparticulate filler in order to enhance retention of the filler.
- the nonparticulate fillers may be incorporated into tissue products during the dry end of a tissue manufacturing process as a post-treatment additive.
- the fillers may be printed or sprayed onto the tissue, with or without the inclusion of a binder.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a conventional wet- pressed tissue making process useful in the practice of this invention.
- the present invention involves the incorporation of nonparticulate fillers, such as hollow microsphere pigments, into sanitary bath tissue, facial tissue, and other such tissue products for the purpose of increasing opacity without substantially decreasing softness and strength.
- the fillers may be incorporated into the tissue products either during the wet end of the manufacturing process or as a post-formation additive.
- the resulting tissue products exhibit opacity levels greater than the opacity levels of tissue products made with particulate fillers such as titanium dioxide or Kaolin.
- the opacity levels of the products of the present invention are also greater than the opacity levels of prior art tissue products containing nonparticulate fillers such as the products described in the above-described patent to Andersson.
- hollow microsphere pigments sold commercially under the trade name
- ROPAQUE and manufactured by Rohm and Haas may be incorporated into facial and bath tissue.
- the pigments are added, in one embodiment, at an amount of from about 20 pounds/ton to about 100 pounds/ton.
- the nonparticulate filler is added in an amount of from about 20 pounds/ton to about 60 pounds/ton.
- the hollow microsphere pigments may be added at an amount of from about 0.5% to about 10% based on the dry weight of the tissue product.
- An important advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that the tensile strength of a tissue product is retained when the nonparticulate fillers are added to such tissue products according to the method described herein.
- the tensile strength of the resulting tissue product is substantially similar to the tensile strength of a tissue product without the fillers.
- Prior art methods of incorporating nonparticulate fillers into tissue products result in products with decreased tensile strength.
- products of the present invention involves the decreased bulk of such products.
- Prior art methods involve the use of thermally expanded microspheres and result in products having high bulk.
- products of the present invention are significantly less bulky in that the hollow microsphere pigments used herein are not thermally expanded.
- the addition of the nonparticulate fillers in the wet end of a tissue manufacturing process is effected by adding the hollow microsphere pigments to the tissue product at some point in the process prior to complete web formation.
- tissue products are made according to widely known papermaking-type processes. For example, U.S. Patent No. 5,129,988 to Farrington, Jr.; U.S.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a conventional wet- pressed tissue making process useful in the practice of this invention, although other tissue making processes can also benefit from the method of this invention, such as thoroughdrying or other non- compressive tissue making processes.
- the specific formation mode illustrated in Figure 1 is commonly referred to as a crescent former, although many other formers well known in the papermaking art can also be used.
- a headbox 21 Shown is a headbox 21 , a forming fabric 22, a forming roll 23, a paper making felt 24, a press roll 25, a spray boom 26, a Yankee dryer 27, and a creping blade 28.
- various idler or tension rolls used for defining the fabric runs in the schematic diagram, which may differ in practice.
- the headbox 21 continuously deposits a stock jet 30 between the forming fabric 22 and felt 24, which is partially wrapped around the forming roll 23. Water is removed from the aqueous stock suspension through the forming fabric by centrifugal force as the newly-formed web traverses the arc of the forming roll. As the forming fabric and felt separate, the set web 31 stays with the felt and is transported to the Yankee dryer 27.
- creping chemicals may be continuously applied in the form of an aqueous solution to the surface of the
- the creping chemicals can include one or more dry strength agents.
- the solution is applied by any conventional means, such as a spray boom 26 which evenly sprays the surface of the dryer with the creping adhesive solution. The point of application on the surface of the dryer is immediately following the creping doctor blade 28, permitting sufficient time for the spreading and drying of the film of fresh adhesive before contacting the web in the press roll nip.
- the wet web 31 is applied to the surface of the dryer by means of the press roll or pressure roll 25 with an application force typically of about 200 pounds per square inch (psi).
- the incoming web is nominally at about 10% consistency (range from about 8 to about 20%) at the time it reaches the press roll.
- the consistency of the web is at or above about 30%.
- the side of the web in contact with the surface of the Yankee dryer is referred to herein as the "dryer side" of the web.
- the opposite side of the web is referred to as the "air side” of the web.
- Sufficient Yankee dryer steam power and hood drying capability are applied to the web to reach a final moisture content of about 2.5% or less. Also illustrated in Figure 1 is the white water recycle system.
- white water effluent 35 expressed from the wet web is collected in catch pan 36. Because of the presence of a substantial amount of water in the pressure roll nip, some of the dry strength agent is transferred from the surface of the Yankee into the white water, which also contains fines.
- the collected white water 37 drains into wire pit 38.
- Thick stock 40 having a consistency of about 2 percent is diluted with white water at the fan pump 39 to a consistency of about 0.1 percent.
- the diluted stock 41 is subsequently injected into the headbox 21 to form the wet web.
- the hollow microsphere pigments may be added anywhere in the wet end of the tissue making process.
- the pigments may be added to the headbox 21 , prior to headbox 21 in a separate apparatus that then flows the pigments into contact with the pulp furnish (sometimes referred to as stock suspension) in the headbox 21 , or after the headbox 21 as a direct additive to the pulp furnish being carried between forming fabric 22 and felt 24.
- pulp furnish sometimes referred to as stock suspension
- Papermaking fibers for making the tissue product webs of this invention include any natural or synthetic fibers suitable for the end use products listed above including, but not limited to: nonwoody fibers, such as abaca, sabai grass, milkweed floss fibers, pineapple leaf fibers; softwood fibers, such as northern and southern softwood kraft fibers; hardwood fibers, such as eucalyptus, maple, birch, aspen, or the like. In addition, furnishes including recycled fibers may also be utilized. In making the tissue products, the fibers are formed into a pulp furnish by known pulp stock formation processes.
- Softening agents can be added to the tissue making process to enhance the softness of the tissue product.
- Such softening agents can be incorporated with the fibers before, during or after dispersing the fibers in the furnish.
- Such agents can also be sprayed or printed onto the web after formation, while wet, or added to the wet end of the tissue machine prior to formation.
- Suitable softening agents include, without limitation, fatty acids, waxes, quaternary ammonium salts, dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride, quaternary ammonium methyl sulfate, carboxylated polyethylene, cocamide diethanol amine, coco betane, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, partly ethoxylated quaternary ammonium salt, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polysiloxanes and the like.
- suitable commercially available chemical softening agents include, without limitation, Berocell 596 and 584 (quaternary ammonium compounds) manufactured by Eka Nobel Inc., Adogen
- Suitable amounts of softening agents will vary greatly with the species of pulp selected and the desired characteristics of the resulting tissue product. Such amounts can be, without limitation, from about 0.05 to about 1 weight percent based on the weight of fiber, more specifically from about 0.25 to about 0.75 weight percent, and still more specifically about 0.5 weight percent.
- a cationic starch may be added at a level of up to 1 % of the nonparticulate filler in order to enhance retention of the fillers within the tissue products.
- such a cationic retention aid is added after the fan pump at a level of up to 2 pounds/ton of total furnish in order to adhere the pigment to the pulp.
- the level of retention aid needed for good retention of the nonparticulate filler may vary considerably depending on the charge of the overall system. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the level of cationic retention aid is about 1 pound/ton or less.
- the described nonparticulate fillers may be incorporated into tissue products in the dry end.
- the fillers may be provided to tissue products by conventional post-formation applying means such as printing, brushing, spraying, dipping, doctor blading, foamed emulsion, gravure roll polymer emulsion, padding, nip-pressure binder pick-up, direct or offset gravure printing and the like.
- the use of a binder in conjunction with the pigments may be necessary in such post-formation applications, particular the various printing and brushing techniques, but not necessary in techniques such as spraying. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to any particular application process for applying the pigments to a formed treatment product.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10085209T DE10085209T1 (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2000-11-22 | Tissue products with high opacity |
BR0015081-9A BR0015081A (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2000-11-22 | High opacity fabric products |
KR1020027006528A KR20020058031A (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2000-11-22 | High Opacity Tissue Products |
MXPA02004437A MXPA02004437A (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2000-11-22 | High opacity tissue products. |
AU17939/01A AU1793901A (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2000-11-22 | High opacity tissue products |
GB0214164A GB2375118A (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2000-11-22 | High opacity tissue products |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US16698199P | 1999-11-23 | 1999-11-23 | |
US60/166,981 | 1999-11-23 | ||
US09/718,824 | 2000-11-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001038639A1 true WO2001038639A1 (en) | 2001-05-31 |
Family
ID=22605457
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/032162 WO2001038639A1 (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2000-11-22 | High opacity tissue products |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU1793901A (en) |
GB (1) | GB2375118A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001038639A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1401629A (en) * | 1963-06-20 | 1965-06-04 | Papirind Forskningsinst | A method of making paper and paper-based products having a high rate of liquid absorption and high opacity, and novel products thereby obtained |
US4619734A (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1986-10-28 | Kmw Aktiebolag | Sanitary paper web having high bulk, bulk softness and surface softness and method of manufacturing said web |
US4874465A (en) * | 1988-03-28 | 1989-10-17 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Tissue products containing sliced fibers |
US5902669A (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1999-05-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Disposable paper products with indicator means |
-
2000
- 2000-11-22 GB GB0214164A patent/GB2375118A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-11-22 WO PCT/US2000/032162 patent/WO2001038639A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-11-22 AU AU17939/01A patent/AU1793901A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1401629A (en) * | 1963-06-20 | 1965-06-04 | Papirind Forskningsinst | A method of making paper and paper-based products having a high rate of liquid absorption and high opacity, and novel products thereby obtained |
US4619734A (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1986-10-28 | Kmw Aktiebolag | Sanitary paper web having high bulk, bulk softness and surface softness and method of manufacturing said web |
US4874465A (en) * | 1988-03-28 | 1989-10-17 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Tissue products containing sliced fibers |
US5902669A (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1999-05-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Disposable paper products with indicator means |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2375118A (en) | 2002-11-06 |
AU1793901A (en) | 2001-06-04 |
GB0214164D0 (en) | 2002-07-31 |
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