WO2001035166A1 - Photomask, method of producing photomask, and method of making pattern using photomask - Google Patents
Photomask, method of producing photomask, and method of making pattern using photomask Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001035166A1 WO2001035166A1 PCT/JP2000/007772 JP0007772W WO0135166A1 WO 2001035166 A1 WO2001035166 A1 WO 2001035166A1 JP 0007772 W JP0007772 W JP 0007772W WO 0135166 A1 WO0135166 A1 WO 0135166A1
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- light
- pattern
- mask
- region
- phase shift
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/68—Preparation processes not covered by groups G03F1/20 - G03F1/50
- G03F1/76—Patterning of masks by imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/26—Phase shift masks [PSM]; PSM blanks; Preparation thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/26—Phase shift masks [PSM]; PSM blanks; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/29—Rim PSM or outrigger PSM; Preparation thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/26—Phase shift masks [PSM]; PSM blanks; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/30—Alternating PSM, e.g. Levenson-Shibuya PSM; Preparation thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/36—Masks having proximity correction features; Preparation thereof, e.g. optical proximity correction [OPC] design processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/68—Preparation processes not covered by groups G03F1/20 - G03F1/50
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photomask for pattern exposure used for manufacturing a semiconductor device or a liquid crystal display device, a method for producing the same, and a method for forming a pattern using the photomask. Related to the method of creating mask drawing data. Background art
- the miniaturization of the pattern size in the LSI is a solution defined by the wavelength of the light source (hereinafter referred to as wavelength input) or the numerical aperture of the projection optical system of the exposure machine (hereinafter referred to as numerical aperture ⁇ ).
- wavelength input the wavelength of the light source
- numerical aperture ⁇ the numerical aperture of the projection optical system of the exposure machine
- a resist pattern having a predetermined shape is formed by a conventional pattern forming method, for example, after forming a light-shielding pattern having a predetermined shape, that is, a mask pattern, on a transparent substrate using a light-shielding film made of a metal such as chrome.
- a light-shielding pattern having a predetermined shape that is, a mask pattern
- a light-shielding film made of a metal made of a metal such as chrome.
- a reduction projection exposure machine is a resist film made of a photosensitive resin formed on a transparent substrate on which a mask pattern in which the dimensions of a desired pattern is enlarged several times is formed, that is, a substrate using a photomask.
- a pattern is formed by performing reduced projection exposure on the pattern.
- Fig. 32 (a) shows an example of a pattern whose minimum dimension is sufficiently larger than the resolution
- Fig. 32 (b) shows the pattern shown in Fig. 32 (a) formed using a conventional photomask. This shows a simulation result of a light intensity distribution projected on a resist film when the light intensity distribution is measured.
- the resolution is about 0.13 ⁇ m
- the minimum dimension of the pattern shown in Fig. 32 (a) is Is about 0.39 ⁇ m (about 3 times the resolution).
- a mask pattern is formed by enlarging the dimension of the pattern shown in FIG.
- the light intensity distribution is shown using the contour lines of the relative light intensity in the two-dimensional relative coordinate system (the light intensity when the light intensity of the exposure light is 1).
- Fig. 33 (a) shows an example of a pattern whose minimum dimension is about the resolution
- Fig. 33 (b) shows the pattern when the pattern shown in Fig. 33 (a) is formed using a conventional photomask. For example, a simulation result of a light intensity distribution projected on a resist film is shown.
- the resolution is about 0.13 zm when the numerical aperture NA is 0.6 and the wavelength is 0.193 / m, while the minimum dimension of the pattern shown in Fig. 33 (a) is also It is about 0.13 zm.
- conventional photomasks have the pattern shown in Fig. 33 (a).
- a mask pattern in which the size of the turn is enlarged by a magnification M is formed.
- FIG. 33 (b) the light intensity distribution significantly distorted from the pattern shown in FIG. 33 (a), that is, the shape similar to the mask pattern is realized.
- FIG. 33 (b) also shows the light intensity distribution using the contour lines of the relative light intensity in the two-dimensional relative coordinate system.
- the line width of the mask pattern on the photomask is also reduced, so that the diffraction phenomenon is likely to occur when the exposure light passes through the photomask.
- the line width of the mask pattern becomes narrower, the exposure light easily wraps around the back side of the mask pattern.As a result, the exposure light cannot be sufficiently blocked by the mask pattern, so that it is very difficult to form a fine pattern. It becomes difficult.
- a light-shielding pattern composed of a light-shielding film is formed on a transparent substrate as a mask pattern, and a light-transmitting region (light-shielding pattern HY Liu et al.
- a method for creating a phase shift unit in which the transmitted light causes a 180-degree phase inversion of the transmitted light (the unformed part) (Pro c. SP IE, Vo 1.3334, P. 2 (1998)).
- a pattern having a dimension equal to or less than the resolution can be formed by a light shielding film sandwiched between a light transmission region and a phase shift.
- FIG. 34 (a) shows a plan view of a first photomask used in the first conventional example
- FIG. 34 (b) shows a cross-sectional view taken along line II of FIG. 34 (a).
- a light-shielding film 11 is formed on a first transparent substrate 10 constituting a first photomask
- a light-shielding film 11 is formed on the light-shielding film 11.
- the first opening 12 and the second opening 13 have a width smaller than (resolution X magnification M). It is formed via the light-shielding film region 11 a having the same.
- the lower part of the second opening 13 in the first transparent substrate 10 is carved so that the phase difference between the first transparent substrate 10 and the second transparent substrate 10 becomes 180 degrees.
- the portion of the first transparent substrate 10 where the first opening 12 is formed becomes a normal light transmission region, while the second opening of the first transparent substrate 10 is formed. Since the portion where 13 is formed is a phase shift, the desired line width is obtained by the light shielding film region 1 la sandwiched between the first opening 12 and the second opening 13.
- the following patterns can be formed.
- FIG. 34 (c) shows a plan view of a second photomask used in the first conventional example.
- a light-shielding pattern 21 made of a light-shielding film is formed on a second transmissive substrate 20 constituting a second photomask.
- a line pattern formed by the light-shielding film region 11a in the first photomask shown in FIG. 34 (a) and a second photomask shown in FIG. 34 (c) By combining with the pattern formed by the light-shielding pattern 21 in the above, a desired pattern is formed.
- the first conventional example exposure was performed on a substrate coated with a resist film composed of a positive resist using the first photomask shown in FIG. 34 (a). Thereafter, a desired pattern is formed by the latent image formed by the exposure using the first photomask and the latent image formed by the exposure using the second photomask shown in FIG. 34 (c).
- the alignment is performed as follows. Then, after exposing using a second photomask, the resist film is developed to form a resist pattern. Thereby, an extra pattern (a pattern other than a desired pattern) formed when development is performed after exposure using only the first photomask is removed by exposure using the second photomask. can do. As a result, a resolution that cannot be formed by exposure using only the second photomask is reduced. It is possible to form a pattern having a line width equal to or less than a degree.
- FIG. 34 (d) shows a pattern forming method according to the first conventional example, that is, using the first photomask shown in FIG. 34 (a) and the second photomask shown in FIG. 34 (c). 3 shows a resist pattern formed by the pattern forming method.
- a resist pattern 31 is formed on the substrate 30 to be exposed, and the resist pattern 31 has a line pattern 3 1 a having a line width equal to or less than the resolution. have.
- FIG. 35 shows a plan view of a photomask used in the second conventional example. As shown in FIG. 35, a plurality of phase shifters 41 having a periodic arrangement are provided on a transparent substrate 40 constituting a photomask.
- the phase shift 41 can form a pattern in which a plurality of line patterns having a line width smaller than the wavelength input are periodically arranged.
- the light-shielding film region having a width equal to or less than (resolution X magnification M) is formed. It is necessary to use a phase shift mask (first photomask) having a structure sandwiched between the phase shifter having the above width and the light transmitting region. That is, the pattern formed by the first photomask has a line width smaller than the resolution only when a specific condition is satisfied. It cannot be realized only by the photomask.
- a mask (second photo) different from a phase shift mask is used. Exposure using a mask) is essential. As a result, an increase in mask cost or an increase in the number of steps in lithography causes a decrease in throughput and an increase in manufacturing cost.
- the second photomask since a normal mask other than the phase shift mask is used as the second photomask, even if exposure using the first photomask and the second photomask is combined, the second photomask is used. As a result, the size of the pattern formed by the mask is about the resolution or higher, so that the pattern that can be formed with the dimension below the resolution is limited. That is, the first conventional example is used only when the phase shift unit and the light transmission region can be arranged adjacent to each other under the above-described conditions, for example, when only the gate pattern on the active region is formed. You.
- the second conventional example that is, a method of forming a pattern without providing a light-shielding film between the light transmission region and the phase shift unit, a pattern having a line width smaller than the wavelength is repeated.
- a pattern having an arbitrary size or shape cannot be formed only by this method.
- a portion where the phase changes rapidly at the boundary between the light transmission region of the transparent substrate and the phase shift unit must be created, while the wet etching is performed on the transparent substrate.
- the boundary of the phase shifter formed by engraving the transparent substrate cannot be made vertical.
- the etching proceeds to the side region of the phase shifter in the transmissive substrate, which makes it difficult to control the dimension of the phase shifter.
- the size of the pattern formed by utilizing the phase shift effect is limited to about half the size of the wavelength, while the pattern having a larger size is shielded from light.
- the minimum dimension of a pattern that can be formed is about the resolution.
- an object of the present invention is to make it possible to form a pattern having any size including a size equal to or less than the resolution in any shape by exposure using a single mask that realizes a phase shift effect. With the goal.
- a photomask according to the present invention is based on a photomask in which an isolated light-shielding pattern is formed on a light-transmitting substrate that is transparent to a light source.
- a light-shielding film region made of a light-shielding film, and a phase shift region having a phase difference with respect to a light-transmitting region of the light-transmitting substrate on which the light-shielding pattern is not formed. Is set such that the light-shielding property of the phase shift region is equal to or greater than that of the light-shielding film having the same width.
- the light-shielding pattern is composed of the light-shielding film region and the phase shift region having a phase difference with respect to the light transmission region, and the width of the phase shift region is the same.
- the light-shielding property of the phase shift region is set to be equal to or more than that of the light-shielding property of the light-shielding film.
- a pattern having a dimension equal to or smaller than the resolution is formed, a light intensity distribution having a shape similar to the light-shielding pattern can be obtained. Therefore, by exposure using only the photomask of the present invention that achieves the phase shift effect, a pattern having an arbitrary size including a size equal to or less than the resolution can be formed in an arbitrary shape.
- the outer shape of the light shielding film region is preferably the same as the shape of the light shielding pattern, and the phase shift region is preferably provided inside the light shielding film region.
- the transmitted light that has entered the back side of the peripheral portion of the light-shielding pattern due to the diffraction phenomenon can be reliably canceled by the light transmitted through the phase shift region.
- the phase shift region is provided at least at a corner or inside the light-shielding pattern or at an end or inside the light-shielding pattern.
- a corner means a portion where the angle measured on the pattern side is larger than 0 degree and smaller than 180 degrees.
- the width of the phase shift region is Wm
- a light-shielding pattern provided with a phase shift region Where Lm is the width of
- the light-shielding pattern with the phase shift region, the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern can be improved.
- the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern can be greatly improved.
- the phase difference between the phase shift region and the light transmission region may be (170 + 360xn) to (190 + 360xn) degrees (where n is an integer) with respect to the wavelength of the light source. preferable.
- the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pad can be reliably improved.
- the phase difference between the phase shift region and the light transmission region is provided by engraving at least one of a portion to be a light transmission region and a portion to be a phase shift region in the transparent substrate. Preferably 0 With this configuration, a phase difference can be reliably provided between the phase shift region and the light transmission region.
- the phase difference of the phase shift region with respect to the light transmission region is shifted by a phase shift on one of a portion other than the light transmission region and a portion other than the phase shift region on the transmission substrate. It is preferable that it is provided by forming the evening layer.
- the phase shift layer may be formed below the light-shielding film region or may be formed above the light-shielding film region.
- the pattern forming method according to the present invention is based on the pattern forming method using the photomask of the present invention, and includes a step of forming a resist film on a substrate, and a step of forming a resist film using the photomask of the present invention.
- the method includes a step of performing pattern exposure and a step of developing a resist film that has been subjected to pattern exposure to form a resist pattern.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention since the photomask of the present invention is used, the formation of a pattern having dimensions not more than the resolution is almost the same as the case of forming a pattern having the dimensions not less than the resolution. Since the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern is obtained, a pattern having an arbitrary size including a size smaller than or equal to the resolution can be formed in an arbitrary shape by exposure using only the photomask of the present invention.
- the step of performing pattern exposure preferably uses an oblique incidence illumination method.
- the resist film is preferably made of a positive resist.
- a fine resist pattern can be reliably formed by pattern exposure using the photomask of the present invention.
- a negative resist may be used to form a fine resist removal region such as a hole pattern.
- a method of manufacturing a photomask according to the present invention includes a photomask having an isolated light-shielding pattern composed of a light-shielding film region and a phase shift region formed on a transmissive substrate having a light-transmitting property. The steps of forming a light-shielding film on a transmissive substrate, patterning the light-shielding film to form the outer shape of the light-shielding film region, and defining a portion of the light-shielding film located in the phase shift region on the premise of the method described above.
- phase shift region has a phase difference with respect to the light transmission region of the transparent substrate, and the width of the phase shift region is the same as the light shielding having the same width.
- the light-shielding property of the phase shift region is set to be equal to or more than the light-shielding property of the film.
- the photomask of the present invention since the patterning step for forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region and the patterning step for forming the opening serving as the phase shift region are performed independently, Since the outer dimensions of the film area, that is, the dimensions of the light-shielding pattern and the dimensions of the phase shift area can be accurately controlled, the photomask of the present invention can be reliably produced.
- the step of forming the opening includes, after forming the opening, a lower portion of the opening in the transmissive substrate, and a light source interposed between the portion and the light transmitting area. It is preferable to include a step of engraving so as to generate a phase difference of (170 + 360 xn) to (190 + 360 ⁇ ⁇ ) degrees (where n is an integer) with respect to the wavelength of New
- the phase shift region can be formed so that the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern is reliably improved.
- the step of forming the opening is preferably performed before the step of forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region.
- the light-shielding film in which the opening is formed is used as a mask to etch the transparent substrate. Since it is not necessary to continuously perform the formation of the opening and the etching of the substrate using a resist pattern as in the case where the opening is formed after the outer shape of the light-shielding film region is formed, The photomask of the invention can be easily formed.
- the step of forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region includes, after forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region, a portion of the transmissive substrate outside the light-shielding film region; Include the step of engraving so that there is a phase difference of (170 + 360 Xn) to (190 + 360 ⁇ ⁇ ) degrees (where n is an integer) with respect to the wavelength of the light source. Is preferred.
- the phase shift region can be formed so that the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern is reliably improved.
- the photomask of the present invention can be easily formed by engraving the transparent substrate below the opening having a small area, as compared with the case where a phase difference is provided between the light transmitting region and the phase shift region. .
- the step of forming the light-shielding film is performed under the light-shielding film at (170 + 360xn) to (190 + 360xn) degrees with respect to the wavelength of the light source.
- N is an integer) forming a phase shift layer which causes a phase inversion of (a), and forming the opening, the step of forming the opening, and forming the lower portion of the opening in the phase shift layer after the opening is formed. It is preferable to include a step of removing.
- the phase shift region can be formed so that the light shielding effect of the light shielding pattern is reliably improved. Also, by engraving the transmissive substrate, compared to the case where a phase difference is provided between the light transmitting region and the phase shift region, the etching process is simplified, phase error is reduced, and the phase error is reduced. It becomes easy to make the edge of the shift layer vertical.
- the step of forming the opening is performed before the step of forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region.
- the phase shift layer can be etched using the light-shielding film in which the opening is formed as a mask, so that after the outer shape of the light-shielding film region is formed, the opening is formed. Since it is not necessary to continuously perform the opening formation and the shift layer etching using a resist pattern as in the case of forming a photomask, the photomask of the present invention can be easily formed.
- the step of forming the light-shielding film includes the steps of: (170 + 360xn) to (190 + 360) with respect to the wavelength of the light source under the light-shielding film.
- the step of forming an outer shape of the light-shielding film region includes a step of forming a phase shift layer which causes a phase inversion of degrees (where n is an integer). It is preferable to include a step of removing a portion outside the light-shielding film region in the shift layer.
- the phase shift region can be formed so that the light shielding effect of the light shielding pattern is reliably improved.
- the etching process is simplified, the phase error is reduced, and the phase shift is reduced. It is easier to make the edge of the evening layer vertical.
- the photomask of the present invention can be easily formed by removing one layer of the phase shifter on the lower side of the opening having a small area, as compared with the case where a phase difference is provided between the light transmission region and the phase shift region. it can.
- the step of forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region is performed before the step of forming the opening.
- the light-shielding film is formed after the opening is formed. Since it is not necessary to continuously form the outer shape of the light-shielding film region and to perform further etching using the resist pattern as in the case of forming the outer shape of the region, the photomask of the present invention can be easily formed. be able to.
- the step of forming an opening is performed before the step of forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region, and the step of forming the opening and the step of forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region Between the light source wavelength and the transparent substrate (17 0 + 360 xn) to (190 + 360 xn) degrees (where n is an integer), and further comprising a step of forming a phase shift layer that causes a phase inversion of degrees (where n is an integer) to form the outer shape of the light-shielding film region.
- This step preferably includes a step of removing a portion of the phase shift layer outside the light-shielding film region before forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region.
- the phase shift region can be formed so that the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern is reliably improved.
- the etching process is simplified, the phase error is reduced, and the phase shift is reduced. It is easier to make the edge of the evening layer vertical.
- the defect can be repaired by re-forming the phase shift layer, so that the steps prior to the phase shift layer forming step can be performed. Because there is no need to repeat, throughput is improved.
- the step of forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region is performed before the step of forming the opening, and the step of forming the outer shape of the light-shielding film region and the step of forming the opening
- a phase inversion of (170 + 360 xn) to (190 + 360 xn) degrees (where n is an integer) with respect to the wavelength of the light source occurs on the transparent substrate.
- the method further includes a step of forming one phase shifter, and the step of forming the opening includes a step of removing a portion of the phase shifter located in the phase shift region before forming the opening.
- the phase shift region can be formed so that the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern is reliably improved. Also, by engraving the transmissive substrate, compared to the case where a phase difference is provided between the light transmitting region and the phase shift region, the etching process can be more easily controlled and the phase error can be reduced, and the phase shift can be reduced. It is easier to make one edge part vertical. Furthermore, if a defect occurs in the patterning step for the phase shifter layer, the defect can be repaired by re-forming the phase shifter layer, so that steps prior to the phase shifter layer forming step must be repeated. There is no need to increase throughput.
- Wm ⁇ (0.4 ⁇ / ⁇ ) xM (where, human is the wavelength of the light source, NA is the numerical aperture of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure machine, and M is the magnification of the reduction projection optical system).
- human is the wavelength of the light source
- NA is the numerical aperture of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure machine
- M is the magnification of the reduction projection optical system.
- Lm ⁇ (0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) ⁇ M It is preferable that Lm ⁇ (0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) ⁇ M.
- the light-shielding pattern can be provided with a phase shift region, whereby the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern can be improved.
- the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern can be reliably improved.
- a photo-pattern having an isolated light-shielding pattern composed of a light-shielding film region and a phase shift region formed on a light-transmitting substrate having a light-transmitting property.
- the pattern layout creating method of the present invention after extracting a line pattern having a width L XM of (0.8x person / NA) XM or less from the pattern layout corresponding to the light-shielding pattern, the extracted line A phase shift area with a width WxM (W ⁇ L) less than ((0.8 x ⁇ / ⁇ ) -L) XM is placed inside the pattern.
- a phase shift region that can enhance the light-shielding effect that is, a mask-enhancer can be arranged in a portion where the light-shielding effect is weakened in the light-shielding pattern, so that the light intensity distribution projected on the wafer can be patterned in a pattern layout.
- it can be formed in a shape with little distortion. Therefore, it becomes possible to create a pattern layout of a photomask capable of forming a pattern of any size including a size smaller than or equal to the resolution in any shape.
- the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern can be greatly improved.
- the step of extracting a line pattern includes extracting a pattern corner or a pattern end from the pattern layout.
- the step of arranging the phase shift area includes the step of (0.5 X input / NA) XM square or less at the extracted pattern corner or inside or at the extracted pattern end or inside. It is preferable to include a step of arranging a phase shift region having the following.
- the mask writing data creation method includes a light-shielding film region formed on a light-transmitting substrate having a light-transmitting property, and a phase-shift region having a phase difference with respect to the light-transmitting region of the light-transmitting substrate.
- the mask drawing data creation method of the present invention after arranging the phase shift region so that the light blocking effect of the light blocking pattern is maximized, based on the result of the test exposure or the exposure simulation.
- the size of the phase shift region can be adjusted so that the size of a pattern formed by exposure using a photomask becomes equal to a design value. This makes it possible to create mask drawing data that can prevent the pattern from receding, etc., so that a fine pattern can be formed with high precision by performing exposure using a photomask formed in accordance with the mask drawing data. .
- the step of adjusting the size of the phase shift area includes the step of adjusting the dimension of the phase shift area corresponding to a portion where a width of a pattern formed by exposure using a photomask is larger than a design value. And reducing the width of the phase shift region corresponding to a portion where the width of the pattern formed by the exposure using the photomask becomes smaller than a design value. Is preferred.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic structure of a photomask according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a desired design pattern to be formed on a substrate to be exposed.
- FIG. 3 (a) is a plan view of a photomask according to a first comparative example for forming the pattern shown in FIG. 2, and
- FIG. 3 (b) is a resist using the photomask according to the first comparative example.
- FIG. 3C is a diagram showing a simulation result of a light intensity distribution projected on the resist film when the mask film is exposed, and FIG. 3C shows the resist pattern of the simulation result shown in FIG. 3B.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a result of comparing the shape of a contour line of light intensity representing the shape of the pattern with a desired pattern shape.
- FIG. 4A is a plan view of a photomask according to the first embodiment of the present invention for forming the pattern shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4B is a plan view of the photomask according to the first embodiment.
- Fig. 4 (c) is a diagram showing a simulation result of a light intensity distribution projected on the resist film when the resist film is exposed by using the method shown in Fig. 4 (c).
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a result of comparing a contour shape of light intensity representing a shape of a resist pattern with a desired pattern shape.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view of a photomask according to a second comparative example
- FIG. FIG. 5C is a plan view of a photomask according to a third comparative example
- FIGS. 5C to 5E show widths L of 0.06 ⁇ m, 0.10 / m, and 0.16 ⁇ m, respectively.
- FIG. 5F is a diagram showing a simulation result of a light intensity distribution of light transmitted between two points AB of each of the photomasks according to the second and third comparative examples.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of a change in light intensity of light transmitted through the central portion of each of the isolated line patterns of the photomasks according to the second and third comparative examples when changed.
- Fig. 6 shows a simulation result of the maximum width L at which the light-shielding effect of the phase shift is higher than that of the light-shielding film when the wavelength and the numerical aperture NA are variously changed.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the width L at which the light-shielding effect of the phase shift is maximized when the wavelength and the numerical aperture NA are variously changed, and plotted against NA.
- FIG. 8A is a plan view of a photomask according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 8B to 8D show widths L of 0.10 ⁇ m, 0.14 ⁇ m
- Fig. 8 (a) shows a simulation result of the light intensity distribution of light transmitted between two points AB on the mask shown in Fig. 8 (a) when the width W is further changed in various cases when the width is changed to 0.1 Sm
- Fig. 8 (e) shows the light transmitted through the central portion of the light-shielding pattern on the mask shown in Fig. 8 (a) when the width L is varied and the width W is further varied. It is a figure showing a simulation result of intensity change.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the simulation result of the maximum width W, in which the light-shielding effect of the mask-enhancer is higher than that of the light-shielding film, is plotted with respect to the width L.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which the simulation result of the width W at which the light-shielding effect of the mask enhancer is maximized is plotted against the width L.
- FIG. 11 (a) is a plan view of a mask in which the mask-enhancer is displaced from the center of the light-shielding pattern
- Fig. 11 (b) is a displacement of the mask-enhancer.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of a light intensity distribution of light transmitted between two points AB on the mask illustrated in FIG. 11A when the width is changed.
- FIGS. 12 (a) to 12 (c) show that the photomask according to the fourth comparative example, the photomask according to the fifth comparative example, and the mask enhancer in which the width of the light-shielding pattern is variously changed are optimized.
- 12A and 12B are diagrams showing simulation results of light intensity distribution when using the photomask according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 12D to 12F show the width of the light-shielding pattern.
- FIG. 10 is a view showing a simulation result of a light intensity distribution when is used in combination with an annular exposure.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the shape of a light source for annular exposure.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a result of simulating a change in a light shielding effect when a transmittance and a phase of a phase shift region as a mask enhancer are changed in the photomask according to the first embodiment of the present invention. is there.
- FIGS. 16A to 16E are cross-sectional views showing each step of the pattern forming method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 17 (a) to 17 (c) are diagrams showing the light source shape in each of the normal exposure, the annular exposure, and the quadrupole exposure.
- FIG. 18 (a) is a diagram showing a simulation result of a D ⁇ F value when normal exposure is performed using the photomask according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18C is a diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing a simulation result of a DO F value when quadrupole exposure is performed using the photomask according to the first embodiment.
- FIGS. 19 (a) to 19 (g) are cross-sectional views showing each step of the method for manufacturing a photomask according to the third embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 19 (h) to 19 (1) respectively show FIGS. (b), (c) N (e), (f) and (g) are corresponding plan views.
- FIG. 20 (a) is a diagram showing a state in which a defect that does not cause phase inversion occurs in the mask enhancer in the photomask according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 20 (b) to (d) show widths L. Simulation of the light intensity distribution of the light transmitted between the two points AB on the mask shown in Fig. 20 (a) in the case where are changed to 0.10 ⁇ m, 0.14 ⁇ m, and 0.18 ⁇ m, respectively. It is a figure showing a result.
- FIG. 21 (a) is a diagram showing a state in which a photomask according to the first embodiment of the present invention has an unetched portion formed of a light shielding film in a mask enhancer, and FIGS. 21 (b) to (d). ) Indicates the light transmitted through two points AB on the mask shown in Fig. 21 (a) when the width L is changed to 0.10 ⁇ m, 0.14 m, and 0.18 ⁇ m, respectively. It is a figure showing a simulation result of light intensity distribution.
- FIGS. 22 (a) to 22 (g) are cross-sectional views showing steps of a method for producing a photomask according to a first modification of the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 22 (h) to 22 (k) are cross-sectional views.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view corresponding to FIGS. 22 (b), (c), (f) and (g), respectively.
- FIGS. 23 (a) to 23 (h) are cross-sectional views showing respective steps of a method for producing a photomask according to a second modification of the third embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 23 (i) to 23 (m) are FIG. 23 is a plan view corresponding to FIGS. 23 (b), (c), (f), (g) and (h), respectively.
- FIGS. 24 (a) to (g) are cross-sectional views showing each step of a method for manufacturing a photomask according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 24 (h) to (1) are cross-sectional views of FIGS. It is a top view corresponding to (), (c), (e), (f), and (g).
- FIGS. 25 (a) to (h) are cross-sectional views showing each step of a method for producing a photomask according to a first modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 25 (i) to (n). Are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 25 (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (h), respectively.
- FIGS. 26 (a) to 26 (g) are cross-sectional views showing respective steps of a method for producing a photomask according to a second modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 26 (h) to 26 (k). Are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 26 (b), (c), (e) and (g), respectively.
- FIGS. 27 (a) to 27 (g) are cross-sectional views showing each step of a method for producing a photomask according to a third modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 27 (h) to 27 (1).
- 27 is a plan view corresponding to FIGS. 27 (b), (c), (d), (f) and (g), respectively.
- FIGS. 28 (a) to 28 (g) are cross-sectional views showing each step of a method of manufacturing a photomask according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 28 (h) to 28 (1) respectively show FIGS. It is a top view corresponding to b), (c), (e), (f), and (g).
- FIGS. 29 (a) to 29 (g) are cross-sectional views showing steps of a method for manufacturing a photomask according to a modification of the fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 29 (h) to 29 (1) are drawings.
- FIG. 29 is a plan view corresponding to FIGS. 29 (b), (c), (e), (f), and (g).
- FIG. 30 is a flowchart of a pattern layout creation method and a mask drawing data creation method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31A shows an example of a pattern layout created in step S1 of the pattern layout creating method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a line pattern, a pattern end, and a pattern corner extracted from the pattern layout shown in (a) in step S2 of the pattern layout creating method according to the sixth embodiment
- FIG. ) Is a diagram showing the mask-enhancer arranged inside the line pattern or the like shown in FIG. 31 (b) in step S3 of the pattern layout creating method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 (e) is a diagram showing a pattern layout in which mask enhancers having dimensions determined based on the dimensions of the line patterns and the like shown in FIG. 31 (c) are arranged in step S4.
- FIG. 31D is a diagram showing a pattern layout in which the dimensions of the mask enhancer shown in FIG. 31 (d) have been adjusted in step S5 of the mask drawing data creation method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 31 (f) is FIG. 28 is a view showing mask pattern formation data determined based on the pattern layout after the dimension adjustment shown in FIG. 31 (e) in step S6 of the mask drawing data creation method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 (g) shows the determination based on the pattern layout after the dimension adjustment shown in FIG. 31 (e) in step S6 of the mask drawing data creation method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the data for forming the mask It is to figure.
- FIG. 32 (a) is a diagram showing an example of a pattern whose minimum dimension is sufficiently larger than the resolution, and Fig. 32 (b) is projected when the pattern shown in Fig. 32 (a) is formed using a conventional photomask.
- FIG. 33 (a) is a diagram showing an example of a pattern in which the minimum dimension is about the resolution, and FIG. 33 (b) is a diagram using a conventional photomask.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a simulation result of a light intensity distribution projected when forming the pattern shown in FIG. 33 (a).
- FIG. 34 (a) is a plan view of a first photomask used in the pattern forming method according to the first conventional example, and FIG.
- FIG. 34 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of FIG. 34 (a).
- FIG. 34 (c) is a plan view of a second photomask used in the pattern forming method according to the first conventional example, and
- FIG. 34 (d) is a first photomask shown in FIG. 34 (a).
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a resist pattern formed by the pattern forming method using the second photomask shown in FIG. 34 (c).
- FIG. 35 is a plan view of a photomask used in the pattern forming method according to the second conventional example.
- NA indicates the number of apertures (for example, 0.6) of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure apparatus
- human indicates the wavelength of the exposure light, that is, the wavelength of the light source (for example, 0.193j).
- M indicates the magnification (for example, 4 or 5) of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure machine.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a photomask according to the first embodiment.
- a light-shielding film region 101 made of a light-shielding film is formed on a transparent substrate 100, and a phase shift region 102 is provided inside the light-shielding film region 101.
- the width of the light-shielding film region 101 including the phase shift region 102 is LXM
- the width of the phase-shift region 102 is WXM
- the phase shift region in the light-shielding film region 101 is LXM.
- the width of the part surrounding 102 is S XM.
- the phase shift region 102 has, for example, an opening having the same outer shape as the phase shift region 102 in a light shielding film to be the light shielding film region 101, and has a light transmitting property under the opening. It is formed by removing the substrate 100 by a thickness that produces an optical path difference of half the wavelength of the transmitted light (converted from the wavelength). Accordingly, light transmitted through the phase shift region 102 is transmitted through the light transmission region of the transmissive substrate 100 (the portion where neither the light shielding film region 101 nor the phase shift region 102 is provided). Causes a phase difference of about 180 degrees.
- a feature of the first embodiment is that a light-shielding pattern is formed by the light-shielding film region 101 and the phase shift region 102.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a desired design pattern to be formed on a substrate to be exposed.
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of a photomask according to a first comparative example for forming the pattern shown in FIG.
- a desired pattern size (on a transparent substrate 110 made of glass or the like having a high transmittance to an exposure light source)
- a light-shielding pattern 111 composed of only a light-shielding film such as a chromium film having a dimension which is M times the design value is formed.
- the outer width of the desired pattern is 1 m
- the outer width of the light-shielding pattern 111 is M / m.
- the area 11 Oa outside the light-shielding pattern 111 on the transparent substrate 110 is a light-transmitting area.
- Exposure light sources include i-line (365 nm), KrF excimer laser light (248 nm), ArF excimer laser light (193 nm), and F 2 excimer laser light (157 nm). Can be used.
- Fig. 3 (b) shows a simulation result of the light intensity distribution projected on the resist film when the resist film is exposed using the photomask shown in Fig. 3 (a).
- the light intensity distribution is shown using contour lines of relative light intensity in a two-dimensional relative coordinate system.
- the light-shielding pattern 1 1 in the light-shielding pattern 1 1, a portion having a small line width (for example, a region R 1), a line end (for example, a region R 2), or a pattern corner (a corner).
- a portion having a small line width for example, a region R 1
- a line end for example, a region R 2
- a pattern corner a corner
- the light wraps around the back side of the light-shielding film due to the diffraction phenomenon, so that the exposure light cannot be sufficiently shielded using the light-shielding pattern 111 as a mask.
- the light intensity distribution is significantly distorted from the light-shielding pattern 111, that is, the shape similar to the desired pattern.
- a region where a pattern having a line width of less than about the resolution determined by the above optical conditions, specifically, about 0.13 / ⁇ 1 or less (for example, the region R 1 ′ or In R 2 '), the contour interval of the relative light intensity in the light intensity distribution is wide. For this reason, variations in the pattern size due to variations in the exposure amount increase, and the exposure margin of the resist film decreases, thereby making it extremely difficult to obtain a stable pattern pattern.
- FIG. 3 (c) shows the contours of the relative light intensity shown in FIG. 3 (b), which are considered to represent the shape of the resist pattern formed after development of the resist film, and the desired pattern shape. The result of the comparison is shown.
- the line end for example, the region R2,
- the pattern corner for example, the region R3,
- a portion for example, region Rl, having a line width of about 0.13 ⁇ m (resolution) is smaller than a desired pattern shape.
- the present inventor has proposed that, in the light-shielding pattern, the inside of a portion having a line width of about (M x resolution) or less, a line end or a pattern corner, or the like, with respect to transmitted light in a normal light transmission area.
- FIG. 4A is a plan view of a photomask according to the first embodiment for forming the pattern shown in FIG.
- a light-shielding such as a chrome film having an outer dimension obtained by multiplying a desired pattern dimension by M is formed on a transparent substrate 120.
- a light-shielding film region 122 formed of a film is formed.
- the desired pattern outer width is, the light shielding film area 122 has an outer width of M / m.
- the region 120a outside the light-shielding film region 121 on the transparent substrate 120 is a light transmitting region.
- transmitted light having a phase difference of about 180 degrees with respect to the transmitted light of the light transmission region 120a is generated, and the light transmission region 120a is generated.
- a phase shift region 122 having substantially equivalent transmittance is formed.
- a light-shielding pattern is formed by the light-shielding film region 122 and the phase shift region 122.
- the phase shift region 122 is formed inside a portion (for example, a region r 1) having a line width of about Mx O.13 / urn (resolution) or less, and a line end ( For example, it is provided in a region r 2) or a pattern corner (for example, a region r 3).
- the phase shift region 122 is provided with, for example, an opening having the same outer shape as the phase shift region 122 in a light-shielding film to be the light-shielding film region 121 and a transparent substrate 120 below the opening. Is removed by a thickness that produces an optical path difference of half the wavelength of the transmitted light (converted from the wavelength).
- FIG. 4B shows a simulation result of a light intensity distribution projected into the resist film when the resist film is exposed using the photomask shown in FIG. 4A.
- the light intensity distribution is shown using contour lines of relative light intensity in a two-dimensional relative coordinate system.
- the light intensity distribution obtained by the photomask shown in FIG. 4 (a) has a light-shielding pattern composed of a light-shielding film region 121 and a phase shift region 122, That is, it has a shape similar to the desired pattern. Also, the interval between the contours of the relative light intensity in the light intensity distribution is narrow overall. For this reason, variations in pattern dimensions due to variations in the amount of exposure light are reduced, and the exposure margin of the resist film is increased, so that it is easy to obtain a stable pattern shape.
- Fig. 4 (c) shows the contour of the relative light intensity shown in Fig. 4 (b), which is considered to represent the shape of the resist pattern formed after the development of the resist film, and the desired pattern shape. The result of the comparison is shown.
- the line end for example, the region r2,
- the pattern as occurred when the photomask according to the first comparative example was used was used.
- a situation where the corner (for example, the region r 3) recedes from the desired pattern shape, or a portion (for example, the region rl) having a line width of about 0.13 m (resolution) or less (for example, the region rl ′) is smaller than the desired pattern shape. No narrowing has occurred. That is, when the photomask according to the first embodiment is used, a pattern having a desired shape can be formed.
- the present inventors have arranged a light transmitting region and a phase shift region having a phase difference of 180 degrees with respect to the light transmitting region on a photomask so as to satisfy a predetermined condition.
- the inventors have found a principle that the phase shift region exhibits more excellent light shielding properties than the light shielding film region.
- FIG. 5A shows a plan view of a mask (hereinafter, referred to as a photomask according to a second comparative example) in which a light-shielding pattern composed of only a light-shielding film is formed on a transparent substrate.
- a mask hereinafter, referred to as a photomask according to a second comparative example
- an isolated line pattern 131 having a width (L XM) made of a light-shielding film such as a chromium film is formed on a transparent substrate 130.
- FIG. 5B shows a plan view of a mask (hereinafter, referred to as a photomask according to a third comparative example) in which a light-shielding pattern consisting of only a phase shift is formed on a transparent substrate. .
- a photomask As shown in FIG. 5B, an isolated line pattern 141 having a width (L XM) consisting of a phase shifter is formed on a transparent substrate 140.
- FIGS. 5C to 5E show the photomasks according to the second and third comparative examples when the width L was changed to 0.06 m, 0.10 ⁇ m, and 0.16 m, respectively.
- the light intensity distribution of the light transmitted between the two points AB of the photomask according to the second comparative example is indicated by a broken line, and according to the third comparative example.
- the light intensity distribution of the light transmitted between the two points AB of the photomask is shown by a solid line.
- FIG. 5F shows an isolated line pattern 131 (photomask according to the second comparative example) and an isolated line pattern 141 (photomask according to the third comparative example) when the width L is continuously changed.
- the change in the light intensity of the light transmitted through the center of the isolated line pattern 131 is indicated by a broken line, and the change in the light intensity of the light transmitted through the center of the isolated line pattern 141 is shown. Shown by lines.
- the width L becomes smaller than the resolution level, that is, about 0.13 / m
- the phase shift effect is more effective than the light shielding film.
- the width L is larger than about 0.13 zm, the light shielding effect by the phase shift is lower than that of the light shielding film. That is, the maximum width L at which the light-shielding effect of the phase shift is higher than that of the light-shielding film is about 0.13 / m.
- the maximum light-shielding effect by the phase shift is maximized when the width L is around 0.10 / m.
- Fig. 6 shows the simulation result of the maximum width L where the light-shielding effect of the phase shift is higher than that of the light-shielding film (chrome film) when the wavelength and the number of channels NA are variously changed. The plot is shown.
- Fig. 7 shows a simulation result of width L that maximizes the light-shielding effect of the phase shift when the wavelength and numerical aperture ⁇ are variously changed. ing.
- the present inventor has found that a structure in which a phase shift element having a predetermined dimension or less is surrounded by a light-shielding film, that is, a structure in which a phase shift region is surrounded by a light-shielding film region, provides high light-shielding. It has been found that a light-shielding pattern having a characteristic can be realized.
- FIG. 8A shows a plan view of a mask on which a light-shielding pattern having a structure in which a phase shift region and a light-shielding film region are combined, that is, a photomask according to the first embodiment is shown.
- a light-shielding film region 15 1 is formed on a transparent substrate 150 so as to surround the phase shift region 152, and the light-shielding film region 15 1 and the phase shift region 1 52 are formed.
- a light-shielding pattern is formed by the above.
- the width of the light-shielding film region 151 including the phase shift region 152 is (L ⁇ M), the width of the phase shift region 152 is (WXM), and the phase shift in the light-shielding film region 151 is performed.
- Figs. 8 (b) to 8 (d) show the case where the width L is varied to 0.10 zm, 0.14 ⁇ m, and 0.18 ⁇ m, respectively, and the width W is further varied.
- Fig. 8 (e) shows the light intensity of the light transmitted through the central part of the light-shielding pattern on the mask shown in Fig. 8 (a) when the width L is varied and the width W is further varied.
- the figure shows that the simulation result of the maximum width W is plotted with respect to the width L in which the light shielding effect of the structure in which the light shielding film region and the light shielding film region are combined is increased (the light intensity is reduced).
- the phase shifter is located inside the light-shielding film due to the light transmitting area (the area of the transparent substrate where the light-shielding pattern is not formed). If it is arranged so as to satisfy the condition of W + S ⁇ 0.4 X person / NA so that it is surrounded by a distance within 4 X person / NA, the light-shielding pattern having that structure is light-shielded. It is expected to achieve a higher light-shielding effect than a light-shielding pattern of the same dimensions consisting of only a film. If W + S ⁇ 0.4 ⁇ / ⁇ is satisfied, then L ⁇ (0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) —W holds, so L ⁇ (0.8 x person / NA) holds.
- the light shielding effect of the structure in which the phase shift region and the light shielding film region are combined is higher than the maximum width W and the width L where the light shielding effect is higher than that of the structure using only the light shielding film.
- W (0.8 X ⁇ / ⁇ ) -L. That is, for example, an opening having a width (WXM) is formed inside a light-shielding film having a width (LXM).
- the light-shielding pattern is formed only by the light-shielding film, even if the light-shielding pattern is formed only by the phase shifter.
- the light-shielding effect can be improved as compared with the case where is formed.
- the present inventor has found that in a light-shielding pattern having a width (LxM) of (0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) ⁇ or less, the width (WXM) is ((0.8 X ⁇ ) / ⁇ ) -L) It has been found that the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern is enhanced by providing the phase shift region or opening below.
- the phase shift region formed inside the light-shielding pattern so as to satisfy the above-mentioned condition will be referred to as a mask-enhancer.
- Fig. 10 is a plot of the simulation result of the width W that maximizes the light-shielding effect of the mask-en-hanser, based on Figs. 8 (b) to (d) and Fig. 8 (e), against the width L. It shows the situation.
- the inventors of the present invention assume that the width of a light-shielding pattern composed of a light-shielding film and a mask-enhancer provided inside the light-shielding film is (LxM), and the width of a mask-enhancer is (WxM), W ⁇ ( 0.8 X ⁇ / ⁇ ) —L is satisfied, even if the mask-enhancer is not located at the center of the light-shielding pattern, It has been found that there is an effect of improving the light-shielding property by the sacrificial effect.
- FIG. 11 (a) shows a plan view of a mask in which the mask enhancer is displaced from the center of the light-shielding pattern.
- a light-shielding film region 161 is formed on a transparent substrate 160 so as to surround the mask-enhancer 162, and the light-shielding film region 161 and the mask-enhancer 162 are formed.
- a light-shielding pattern is formed.
- Fig. 11 (b) shows the case where the width L is 0.14 ⁇ m and the width W is 0.06 ⁇ m, and the shift width d is changed from — 0.03 ⁇ 111 to 0.03 ⁇ m.
- the light-shielding effect of the mask-enhancer is substantially the same regardless of the position of the mask-enhancer on the light-shielding panel.
- the amount of displacement of the light intensity distribution itself is about 0.02 ⁇ m, and the effect of the displacement of the mask enhancer on the light intensity distribution is small. Therefore, in the light-shielding pattern structure using the mask-enhancer, it is understood that controlling the formation position of the mask-enhancer is not so important.
- the width (LXM) is (0.8 X ⁇ / ⁇ ) XM or less
- the width (WXM) is ((0.8. x input / NA) -L) Since a mask-enhancer of XM or less is provided, the transmitted light that has sneak into the back side of the light-shielding film area due to the diffraction phenomenon in the light-shielding pattern is Since the light is canceled by the light transmitted through the hancer, the light shielding effect of the light shielding pattern is improved.
- W ((0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) -L) / 2
- the light-shielding pattern is formed only by the light-shielding film.
- the light-shielding effect can be improved as compared with the case where it is formed.
- the light blocking effect obtained when the width of the mask enhancer is optimized will be described with reference to the drawings.
- FIGS. 12 (a) to 12 (c) show that the light-shielding pattern is only the light-shielding film when the width of the light-shielding pattern is (L XM) and L is changed from 0.26 / m to 0.10 ⁇ m.
- a photomask according to a fourth comparative example a halftone phase shift mask
- a photomask according to a fifth comparative example a halftone phase shift mask
- FIGS. 12 (d) to (:) show the fourth comparative example and the fifth comparative example when the width of the light-shielding pattern is (LXM) and L is changed from 0.26 m to 0.10 ⁇ m.
- the photomasks of the comparative example and the present embodiment are combined with an annular exposure as shown in FIG. 13 (a light-shielding filter of 2/3 of the light source radius is provided at the center of the light source of the exposure device). It shows a simulation result of the light intensity distribution when used together.
- the light intensity distributions shown in FIGS. 12 (a) to 12 (f) are calculated along the direction crossing the light-shielding pattern with the center of the light-shielding pattern as the origin. As shown in Fig.
- L is from 0.8 x person / NA to (0.8 / 3) It can be seen that the same degree of light shielding effect can be obtained in the entire range up to X X / ⁇ (about 0.10 ⁇ m).
- L is 0.8 x input / NA or more
- a sufficient light-shielding effect can be obtained by the normal light-shielding pattern using only the light-shielding film.
- a sufficient light-shielding effect can be realized in an arbitrary dimension where L is (0.8 / 3) X person / NA or more.
- L (0.8 / 3) X persons / NA does not mean the resolution limit, and when is equal to or less than (0.8 / 3) X persons / NA, It is clear that pattern formation is possible by using a mask-enhancer.
- FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (d), or FIGS. 12 (b) and 12 (e) a simple light-shielding film mask or a halftone phase shift mask has When used in combination, the light-shielding property is reduced.
- FIGS. 12 (c) and 12 (f) even when the mask of this embodiment is used in combination with the annular exposure, the light-shielding property does not decrease.
- (EXM) is the minimum dimension that can be formed on the photomask, and means, for example, a value on the order of the overlay accuracy of the photomask drawing apparatus.
- the width (LxM) of the light-shielding pattern including the mask-enhancer and the width (WxM) of the mask-enhancer are not less than the minimum dimension (EXM).
- the results of simulating the change in the light blocking effect when the rate and phase are changed are shown.
- (F (X, Y)-F (180, 1.0)) / F (180, 1.0) is used as the evaluation formula of the light shielding effect (where X is the phase and Y is the transmittance)
- F (X, Y) is the light intensity at the center of the light-shielding pattern. Represents).
- the values of the transmittance and the phase when the evaluation formula of the light shielding effect is 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 are plotted, respectively.
- the evaluation formula of the light-shielding effect is 1, that is, where the change in light intensity due to changes in transmittance and phase is equal to the minimum light intensity F (180, 1.0)
- the light-shielding effect of the mask Assuming the allowable limit, as shown in FIG. 15, it is preferable that the phase difference with respect to the light transmission region of the mask-enhancer is (170 + 360xn) to (l90 + 360xn) degrees (where ⁇ is an integer).
- the transmittance intensity of the mask enhancer is 80% or more of the light transmission region.
- the light-shielding pattern is formed as a line pattern.
- a mask-enhancer is provided inside the light-shielding film in at least two directions by a light-transmitting region by 0.4 X / person.
- a mask-enhancer can improve the light blocking effect. Therefore, even when the mask-enhancer is arranged at the corner or inside the light-shielding pattern or at the end or inside the light-shielding pattern formed as a line pattern, the light-shielding effect of the mask-enhancer can be reduced. This makes it possible to form a fine pattern having a shape that closely resembles the desired light-shielding pattern.
- the pattern forming method according to the second embodiment is a pattern forming method using the photomask according to the first embodiment.
- ⁇ indicates the magnification of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure machine.
- FIGS. 16A to 16E are cross-sectional views showing each step of the pattern forming method according to the second embodiment.
- a metal film or an insulating film is formed on a substrate 200.
- An etching target film 201 is formed.
- a base insulating film, a base wiring, an active element such as a transistor, or the like may be formed on the substrate 200 in advance.
- a resist film 202 is formed on the film 201 to be etched.
- the material of the resist film 202 As the material of the resist film 202, a positive resist in which exposed portions are removed by development is used. However, in order to form a fine resist removal region such as a hole pattern, the like. A negative resist may be used.
- FIG. 16 (c) using the photomask according to the first embodiment, that is, the photomask 203 on which a light-shielding pattern 203a having a mask enhancer structure is formed. Then, pattern exposure is performed on the resist film 202. Specifically, a predetermined portion of the resist film 202 is irradiated with transmitted light 205 generated by irradiating the exposure light 204 to the photomask 203.
- a resist pattern 202A is formed by developing the pattern-exposed resist film 202.
- the film 201 to be etched is etched using the resist pattern 202 A as an etching mask to form a pattern consisting of the film 201 to be etched.
- Form 201A is
- a resist pattern 202 A or a pattern 201 A having a dimension equal to or less than the resolution is formed.
- the same light-shielding effect can be obtained by the light-shielding pattern 203 a as in the case of forming a pattern having a dimension equal to or larger than the resolution. Therefore, only the photomask according to the first embodiment is used.
- the resist pattern 202A or the pattern 201A having an arbitrary size including a size equal to or less than the resolution can be formed in an arbitrary shape by the exposure using.
- the inventor of the present invention uses a mask-enhancer to improve the light-shielding effect and to improve a process margin such as a focus characteristic. Was obtained.
- a process margin such as a focus characteristic.
- FIGS. 17 (a) to 17 (c) show the light source shapes in the normal exposure, the annular exposure, and the quadrupole exposure, respectively.
- the annular exposure and the quadrupole exposure are each one of the oblique incidence exposures.
- Fig. 18 (a) shows the results when the normal exposure shown in Fig. 17 (a) was performed while changing the width of the light-shielding pattern (LxM) and changing L from 0.10m to 0.25m.
- a first embodiment in which the width of the simple light-shielding film mask (photomask according to the fourth comparative example), the halftone phase shift mask (photomask according to the fifth comparative example), and the width of the mask enhancer are optimized 3 shows a simulation result of a DOF (Depthof Focus: depth of focus) value when each of the photomasks according to the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as a photomask of the present invention) is used.
- DOF Depthof Focus: depth of focus
- Fig. 18 (b) shows the case where the annular exposure shown in Fig. 17 (b) was performed while changing the width of the light-shielding pattern (LxM) and changing L from 0.05 ⁇ m to 0.25 ⁇ m.
- 7 shows simulation results of DOF values when each of the fourth comparative example, the fifth comparative example, and the photomask of the present invention was used.
- Figure 18 (c) shows the case where the quadrupole exposure shown in Figure 17 (c) was performed while changing the width of the light-shielding pattern (LXM) and L from 0.05 / m to 0.30 ⁇ m.
- 14 shows simulation results of the DOF value when each of the fourth comparative example, the fifth comparative example, and the photomask of the present invention was used.
- the halftone phase shift mask As shown in Fig. 18 (a) to (c), the halftone phase shift mask
- an oblique incidence illumination method such as an annular illumination method or a quadrupole illumination method
- L becomes smaller
- the effect of improving the depth of focus by using the oblique incidence illumination method is remarkably observed.
- the mask-enhancer has not only the effect of improving the light-shielding property, but also the effect of improving the process margin such as the depth of focus by combining with the oblique incidence illumination method.
- the mask-enhancer which is adjusted to maximize the light-shielding effect, has very excellent exposure characteristics and focus characteristics when combined with the oblique incidence illumination method. Therefore, when forming a pattern having an arbitrary dimension of 0.8 X person / NA or less, a conventional photomask is provided by providing a mask enhancer on the light-shielding pattern on the photomask and performing oblique incidence exposure. In addition to realizing fine patterns that cannot be created by using the conventional method, it is possible to secure high process margins and achieve high yield in LSI manufacturing.
- the method of manufacturing a photomask according to the third embodiment includes the photomask according to the first embodiment, that is, a light-shielding film area formed on a transparent substrate and a mask enhancer. This is a method for producing a photomask having an isolated light-shielding pattern.
- NA indicates the numerical aperture of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure device
- human indicates exposure light, that is, the wavelength of the light source
- M indicates the magnification of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure device.
- FIGS. 19 (a) to 19 (g) are cross-sectional views showing each step of the method for producing a photomask according to the third embodiment.
- FIGS. 19 (1!) To (1) are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 19 (b), (c), (e), (f) and (g), respectively.
- a light-shielding film 301 made of, for example, a chromium compound is deposited on a transparent substrate 300 made of, for example, quartz glass, and then a resist is applied on the light-shielding film 301. Then, a first resist film 302 is formed.
- the first resist film 302 is developed, and FIG. ) Or a first resist pattern 302A covering the mask pattern formation region is formed as shown in FIG.
- a mask drawing apparatus such as an electron beam (EB) drawing machine
- the light-shielding film 301 is etched using the first resist pattern 302A as a mask, and as shown in FIG. 19 (c) or FIG. 19 (i), a mask pattern of the light-shielding film 301 is formed.
- the first resist pattern 302A is removed.
- a repair process or the like in a conventionally used mask manufacturing method is performed.
- a resist is applied on the transparent substrate 300 on which the mask pattern 301A has been formed, to form a second resist film 303.
- the second resist film 303 is developed, and as shown in FIG. 19 (e) or FIG. 19 (j).
- a second resist pattern 303A having an opening in the mask-enhancer formation region is formed. Since the mask-enhancer formation region always exists inside the mask pattern 301A, the opening of the second resist pattern 303A always exists on the mask pattern 301A.
- etching is performed on the mask pattern 301A using the second resist pattern 303A as a mask to form an opening 304 in the mask pattern 301A.
- the transparent substrate 300 is etched using the second resist pattern 303A as a mask, and as shown in FIG. 19 (g) or FIG.
- the second resist pattern 304 is removed. Remove A.
- the transparent substrate 300 is carved so that the mask pattern 301A slightly overhangs.
- the mask pattern 301A is formed. Then, an opening 304 located in the mask-enhancer formation region is formed, and then the lower part of the opening 304 in the transparent substrate 300 is carved.
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be formed. it can.
- an important parameter in the photomask according to the first embodiment is the width of the light-shielding pattern including the mask enhancer, that is, the width of the mask pattern 301 A including the opening 304 (LXM ) And the width of the mask-enhancer, that is, the width of the opening 304 (WXM) (see Fig. 19 (g)).
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be reliably produced.
- quartz glass is used as the material of the transparent substrate 300, but the material is not limited to quartz glass, and calcium fluoride or the like may be used.
- a chromium compound is used as the material of the light-shielding film 301.
- the material is not limited thereto, and a metal such as chromium, silicon, or zirconium, or the like may be used. You may use those compounds etc.
- the width of the opening 304 that is, the width of the mask-enhancer is (WXM)
- W ⁇ 0.4X / NA it is preferable that W ⁇ 0.4X / NA. This ensures that the light-shielding performance of the mask-enhancer is at least equal to that of a light-shielding film having the same width.
- the width of the mask pattern 301A including the opening 304 that is, the width of the light-shielding pattern is (L XM), L ⁇ 0.8 X0 / NA. Is preferred.
- the mask pattern 301A with the opening 304 that is, the mask enhancer, an effect of improving the light blocking effect is produced.
- W ⁇ (0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) — L and W ⁇ L or W ⁇ L— 2 ⁇ where ( ⁇ ⁇ ) is the minimum dimension that can be formed on the photomask), the light-shielding property is improved. The effect is guaranteed.
- the lower part of the opening 304 in the transmissive substrate 300 is removed by a thickness such that the transmitted light causes a phase inversion of 180 degrees with respect to the exposure light.
- the transmitted light causes a phase inversion of (170 + 360xn) to (190 + 360xn) degrees (where ⁇ is an integer) with respect to the exposure light in the lower part of the opening 304 in the transmissive substrate 300. Only the thickness may be removed.
- the entire surface of the transparent substrate 300 may be etched.
- a pattern for forming a mask pattern 301A is used. After the evening cleaning step (FIG. 19 (c)), the opening step (FIG. 19 (f)) for forming the opening 304 was performed.
- the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 301A may be performed after the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 304.
- a groove serving as a mask enhancer is formed by engraving the transparent substrate 300 below the opening 304, while the dimension of the mask enhancer is It can be controlled by the width of the opening 304. For this reason, as shown in Fig. 19 (g), the transparent substrate 300 below the opening 304 is engraved so that the mask pattern 301A slightly overhangs.
- the groove that becomes the mask enhancer is formed below the opening 304 so as to have the wall surface.
- the same effect can be obtained as if the ridges are completely vertical. That is, the light shielding effect of the mask-enhancer can be realized without being affected by the wall shape of the groove formed by etching the transparent substrate 300.
- the phase shift effect is generally not sufficient because it is not possible to repair the remaining etching or defects that occur when performing the substrate etching for forming the phase shift. There is a problem that can not be obtained.
- a substrate for forming a mask-enhancer is used. Defects and the like may occur when etching is performed.
- the mask-enhancer is for generating a light-shielding property improving effect, and a defect in the mask-enhancer does not greatly affect the light-shielding property improving effect. . Therefore, it becomes difficult to repair defects in the mask-enhancer, and it is unlikely that the yield in producing the phase shift mask is reduced.
- FIG. 20A is a diagram illustrating a state in which a defect (white defect) that does not cause phase inversion occurs in the mask enhancer in the photomask according to the first embodiment.
- a defect white defect
- FIG. 20 (a) a light-shielding film region 351 is formed on the transparent substrate 350 so as to surround the mask enhancer 352, and the light-shielding region is formed by the light-shielding film region 351 and the mask enhancer 352.
- the pattern is configured.
- a defect 353 that does not invert the phase occurs in the mask enhancer 352.
- the width of the light-shielding film region 351 including the mask enhancer 352 is (L XM), the width of the mask enhancer 352 is (WXM), and the width of the defect 353 is (P ⁇ M).
- Figs. 20 (b) to (d) show that when the width L is changed to 0.10m, 0.14m, and 0.18m, respectively, the width W at which the light-shielding effect of Maskenhansa 352 is maximized is
- the mask-enhancer structure has a structure that is strong against defects with no phase inversion up to a width of about 0.05 0m.
- FIG. 21 (a) shows that the photomask according to the first embodiment has an etching residue (black defect or dust defect) formed of a light shielding film in the mask enhancer. It is a figure showing a child.
- a light-shielding film area 361 is formed on the transparent substrate 360 so as to surround the mask-enhancer 362, and is shielded by the light-shielding film area 361 and the mask-enhancer 362. Sex pattern is composed. Further, an etching residue 363 made of a light-shielding film is generated in the mask-enhancer 352.
- the width of the light-shielding film region 361 including the mask-enhancer 362 is (L ⁇ M), the width of the mask-enhancer 362 is (WXM), and the width of the remaining etching 363 is (P XM).
- Figures 21 (b) to (d) show the width W at which the light-shielding effect of the mask-enhancer 362 is maximized when the width L is changed to 0.10 m, 0.14 zm, and 0.18 m, respectively.
- the mask-enhancer structure has a structure that is strong against etching residue up to a width of about 0.05 zm.
- the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 301A and the patterning step for forming the opening 304, that is, the mask-enhancer are performed independently. . Therefore, the line width of the mask pattern 301A surrounding the opening 304, that is, the line width of the light shielding film pattern (light shielding film region) surrounding the mask enhancer, is a minute line up to the overlay margin of the mask drawing apparatus. Width can be used.
- the overlay magazine of the EB drawing machine The third embodiment in which the mask pattern and the mask enhancer are separately formed in the two patterning steps because the pattern width is smaller than the minimum pattern width that can be formed can be used to form a light-shielding film pattern thinner than before. Can be.
- a positional shift may occur in which the mask enhancer is not arranged at the center of the mask pattern.
- the influence on the light intensity distribution is small.
- the first modified example of the third embodiment is different from the third embodiment as follows. That is, in the third embodiment, the patterning step for forming an opening is performed after the patterning step for forming a mask pattern. In the first modification, a patterning step for forming an opening is performed before a patterning step for forming a mask pattern.
- FIGS. 22 (a) to 22 (g) are cross-sectional views showing respective steps of a method for producing a photomask according to a first modification of the third embodiment.
- FIGS. 22 (h) to (k) are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 22 (b), (c), (f) and (g), respectively.
- a light-shielding film 311 made of, for example, a chromium compound is deposited on a transparent substrate 31 1 made of, for example, quartz glass, and then the light-shielding film 311 Is applied to form a first resist film 312.
- the first resist film 312 is developed, and FIG. 2B or FIG. ( As shown in h), a first resist plate 312A having an opening in the mask-enhancer formation region is formed.
- the light-shielding film 311 is etched using the first resist pattern 312A as a mask, and as shown in FIG. 22 (c) or FIG. After the opening 3 13 is formed in 1, the first resist pattern 3 12 A is removed.
- the light shielding film 3 in which the opening 3 13 is formed is formed.
- the transparent substrate 310 is etched, and the lower part of the opening 313 in the transparent substrate 310 is exposed to light at 180 degrees with respect to the exposure light. Is removed by a thickness that causes phase inversion. At this time, the transparent substrate 310 is carved so that the light-shielding film 311 slightly overhangs.
- a resist is applied on the light shielding film 311 including the opening 313 to form a second resist film 314.
- a second resist pattern 314A is formed to cover the mask pattern formation region.
- the light-shielding film 311 is etched using the second resist pattern 314A as a mask, and as shown in FIG. 22 (g) or FIG. 22 (k), the light-shielding film 311 is etched. After forming a mask pattern 311A made of 311 and having an opening 313, the second resist pattern 314A is removed.
- the opening 3 13 located in the mask-enhancer formation region is formed in the light-shielding film 3 11 on the transparent substrate 3 10.
- the lower part of the opening 3 13 in the transparent substrate 310 is carved, and then the light shielding film 311 is patterned to form a mask pattern 311 A having the opening 3 13 I do.
- Maskenhansa and the mask pattern 301 Since a phase difference can be provided between the transmissive substrate 310 outside A and the light transmissive area, the width of the opening 313, that is, the width of the mask-enhancer, is equal to the light shielding having the same width.
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be formed by setting the light-shielding property of the mask enhancer to be equal to or more than that of the light-shielding property of the film.
- the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 311A and the patterning step for forming the opening 311 are performed independently. Therefore, the size of the mask pattern 311 A including the opening 3 13 A, that is, the size of the light-shielding pattern, and the size of the mask enhancer can be accurately controlled, so that the photomask according to the first embodiment can be surely controlled. Can be created at any time.
- the patterning step for forming the openings 311 is performed prior to the patterning step for forming the mask patterns 311A. Therefore, the transparent substrate 310 can be etched using the light-shielding film 311 in which the openings 313 are formed as a mask. Therefore, unlike the case where the opening is formed after the mask pattern is formed (for example, the third embodiment), it is not necessary to continuously perform the opening formation and the substrate etching using the resist pattern.
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be easily created.
- the mask drawing apparatus overlaps. Even if the light-shielding film area surrounding the opening 3 13 disappears due to the displacement, no problem occurs. The reason is that in a dimension where the light-shielding film area may be lost due to misalignment, even if the light-shielding pattern is formed only by the phase shift, the light-shielding effect is improved.
- the third embodiment is similar to the third embodiment in that the characteristics of the enhancer are more advantageous than the conventional method of manufacturing a photomask.
- quartz glass is used as the material of the transparent substrate 310, but the material is not limited to this, and calcium fluoride or the like may be used.
- a chromium compound is used as the material of the light-shielding film 311.
- the material is not limited to this, and a metal such as chromium, silicon, zirconium, or a compound thereof may be used. Good.
- the width of the opening 313, that is, the width of the mask enhancer is (WxM)
- WxM width of the mask enhancer
- the width of the mask pattern 311 A including the opening 313, that is, the width of the light-shielding pattern is (L XM), L ⁇ 0. It is preferably 8 X / NA.
- the lower part of the opening 313 in the transmissive substrate 310 is removed by a thickness that causes the transmitted light to cause a 180-degree phase inversion with respect to the exposure light.
- the lower part of the opening 313 in the transmissive substrate 310 may be transmitted to the exposure light at (170 + 360xn) to (190 + 360xn) degrees (where ⁇ is an integer). It may be removed by a thickness that causes phase inversion.
- the transmittance can be adjusted by making the surface state of the light transmitting region of the transparent substrate 310 equal to the surface state of a part of the mask-enhancer of the transparent substrate 310. In order to achieve this, the entire surface of the transparent substrate 310 may be etched after the step shown in FIG. Second modification of the third embodiment
- the second modification of the third embodiment is different from the third embodiment in the following point. That is, in the third embodiment, the portion below the opening in the transparent substrate is removed, whereas in the second modification of the third embodiment, the mask pattern of the transparent substrate is removed. The removal of the outer part.
- FIGS. 23A to 23H are cross-sectional views illustrating each step of a method for manufacturing a photomask according to a second modification of the third embodiment.
- FIGS. 23 (i) to (! II) are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 23 (b), (c), (f), (g) and (h), respectively.
- a light shielding film 321 made of, for example, a chromium compound is deposited on a transparent substrate 320 made of, for example, quartz glass
- a resist is applied on the light shielding film 321.
- a first resist film 322 is formed.
- the first resist film 322 is developed, and as shown in FIG. 23 (b) or FIG. 23 (i). Next, a first resist pattern 322A covering the mask pattern formation region is formed.
- the light-shielding film 321 is etched using the first resist pattern 322A as a mask, and as shown in FIG. 23C or FIG. After the formation, the first resist pattern 322A is removed.
- the transparent substrate 320 is etched using the mask pattern 321A, and the portion of the transparent substrate 320 outside the mask pattern 321A is removed.
- the transmitted light is removed by a thickness that causes a 180-degree phase inversion with respect to the exposure light.
- the transparent substrate 320 is carved so that the mask pattern 321A slightly overhangs.
- a resist is applied on the transparent substrate 320 including the mask pattern 3221A to form a second resist film 323.
- the second resist film 3 23 is developed, and FIG. 23 (f) or FIG. As shown in (k), a second resist pattern 32A having an opening in the mask-enhancer formation region is formed.
- the mask pattern 3 21 A is etched using the second resist pattern 32 3 A as a mask, and the mask pattern 3 After the opening 32 4 is formed in 21 A, the second resist pattern 32 A is removed as shown in FIG. 23 (h) or FIG. 23 (m).
- a phase difference can be provided between the mask enhancer and the transmissive substrate 320 outside the mask pattern 32 A, that is, the light transmitting region, so that the width of the opening 324, that is, the mask enhancer Is set so that the light shielding property of the mask enhancer is equal to or greater than the light shielding property of the light shielding film having the same width, whereby the photomask according to the first embodiment can be formed. Wear.
- the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 321 A and the patterning step for forming the opening 324 are performed independently. Therefore, the dimensions of the mask pattern 3221 A including the openings 3224, that is, the dimensions of the light-shielding pattern, and the dimensions of the mask enhancer can be accurately controlled, so that the photomask according to the first embodiment can be surely controlled. Can be created at any time. Further, according to the second modification of the third embodiment, by engraving a portion outside the mask pattern 321 A on the transparent substrate 320, the space between the mask hancer and the light transmissive region is formed. In the case where the phase difference is provided by engraving a transparent substrate below the opening having a small area (the third embodiment or a first modified example of the third embodiment), In comparison, the photomask according to the first embodiment can be easily created.
- the formation of the opening 324 may cause misalignment of the mask drawing apparatus. For this reason, no problem occurs even if the light-shielding film region surrounding the opening 324 disappears. The reason is that in a dimension where the light-shielding film region may be lost due to misalignment, even if the light-shielding pattern is formed only by the phase shift, the light-shielding effect is improved.
- quartz glass is used as the material of the transparent substrate 320, but the material is not limited to this, and calcium fluoride or the like may be used.
- a chromium compound is used as the material of the light-shielding film 321, but the material is not limited thereto, and a metal such as chromium, silicon, or zirconium, or a compound thereof is used. You may.
- the width of the opening 324 that is, the width of the mask enhancer is (WXM)
- W ⁇ 0.4 ⁇ / ⁇ may be satisfied. preferable.
- the width of the mask pattern 32 1 ⁇ including the opening 324 that is, the width of the light-shielding pattern is (LXM)
- L ⁇ 0 .8 X / NA is preferred.
- the portion of the transmissive substrate 320 outside the mask pattern 321 A is reduced by the thickness at which the transmitted light causes a 180 ° phase inversion with respect to the exposure light.
- the portion of the transmissive substrate 320 outside of the mask substrate 321 A was changed so that the transmitted light was (170 + 360 xn) to (190 + 360 xn) degrees with respect to the exposure light. (Where ⁇ is an integer) may be removed by a thickness that causes phase inversion.
- the transmittance is adjusted by making the surface state of the light transmitting region of the transparent substrate 320 and the surface state of the mask-enhancer portion of the transparent substrate 320 equivalent. After the step shown in FIG. 23 (h), the entire surface of the transparent substrate 320 may be etched so as to be able to perform the etching.
- Fourth embodiment
- the method for manufacturing the photomask according to the fourth embodiment is based on the photomask according to the first embodiment, that is, an isolated mask formed from a light-shielding film region formed on a transparent substrate and a mask enhancer.
- This is a method for producing a photomask having a light-shielding pattern.
- NA indicates the numerical aperture of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure device
- human indicates the wavelength of the exposure light, that is, the wavelength of the light source
- M indicates the magnification of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure device.
- FIGS. 24A to 24G are cross-sectional views illustrating respective steps of a method for producing a photomask according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIGS. 24 (h) to (1) are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 24 (b), (c), (e), (f) and (g), respectively.
- a transparent substrate 4 made of, for example, quartz glass is used.
- a phase shifter layer 401 made of, for example, an SOG (Spin on G 1 ass) film or the like and having a thickness such that transmitted light causes a 180-degree phase inversion with respect to exposure light is formed on the layer.
- a light-shielding film 402 made of, for example, a chromium compound is deposited on the phase shifter layer 401, and a resist is applied on the light-shielding film 402 to form a first resist film 403.
- the first resist film 403 is developed, and as shown in FIG. 24 (b) or FIG. 24 (h). First, a first resist pattern 40 covering the mask pattern formation region is formed.
- the light-shielding film 402 is etched by using the first resist pattern 403A as a mask, and as shown in FIG. 24C or FIG. Then, the first resist pattern 403A is removed.
- a resist is applied on the transparent substrate 400 on which the mask pattern 402A has been formed to form a second resist film 404.
- the second resist film 404 is developed, and as shown in FIG. 24 (e) or FIG. 24 (j).
- a second resist pattern 404A having an opening in the mask-enhancer formation region is formed.
- Etching is sequentially performed on the mask pattern 402A and the phase shift layer 401 using the 404A as a mask to form an opening 405 in the mask pattern 402A, and the lower side of the opening 405 in the phase shift layer 401. Remove the part. After that, as shown in FIG. 24G or FIG. 24A, the second resist pattern 404A is removed.
- the opening 4 located in the mask-enhancer formation region is formed in the mask pattern 402A. Then, the lower part of the opening 405 in the phase shift layer 401 is removed.
- a phase difference can be provided between the mask enhancer and the transmissive substrate 400 outside the mask pattern 402 A, that is, the light transmitting region, and thus the width of the opening 405, that is, the mask enhancer Is set so that the light-shielding property of the mask-enhancer is equal to or greater than the light-shielding property of a light-shielding film having the same width, thereby forming the photomask according to the first embodiment. be able to.
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be reliably produced. be able to.
- a phase difference is provided between the light transmission region and the mask-enhancer by removing the lower portion of the opening 405 in the phase shift layer 401. Compared to the case where the transparent substrate 400 is carved to provide the phase difference, the management of the etching process is simplified, the phase error is reduced, and the edge of the phase shift layer 401 is removed. It is easier to make it vertical.
- the presence of the light-shielding film pattern is not essential in the etching of the phase shift layer 401, so that the opening 4 When forming the mask 505, no problem occurs even if the light-shielding film region surrounding the opening 405 disappears due to misalignment of the mask drawing apparatus.
- quartz glass is used as the material of the transparent substrate 400.
- the material is not limited thereto, and calcium fluoride or the like may be used.
- the SOG film in which the transmitted light causes a 180-degree phase inversion with respect to the exposure light is used, but the invention is not limited to this. Any transparent film that causes a phase inversion of (170 + 360xn) to (190 + 360xn) degrees (where n is an integer) with respect to light can be used.
- a chromium compound is used as the material of the light shielding film 402.
- the material is not limited to this, and a metal such as chromium, silicon, zirconium, or a compound thereof may be used.
- the width of the opening 405 that is, the width of the mask-enhancer is (WXM)
- W ⁇ 0.4 X person / NA it is preferable that W ⁇ 0.4 X person / NA.
- FIGS. 25A to 25H are cross-sectional views illustrating each step of a method for producing a photomask according to a first modification of the fourth embodiment.
- FIGS. 25 (i) to (n) are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 25 (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (h), respectively.
- a phase inversion of 180 degrees with respect to exposure light made of, for example, an SOG film is performed with respect to exposure light.
- a phase shift layer 4 11 1 having a thickness that results in
- a light-shielding film 412 made of, for example, a chromium compound is deposited on the phase shifter layer 411, and then a resist is applied on the light-shielding film 412 to form a first resist film 413.
- the first resist film 4 13 is developed, and FIG. 25 (b) or FIG. As shown in i), a first resist pattern 413A is formed to cover the mask pattern formation region.
- the light-shielding film 412 is etched using the first resist pattern 413A as a mask, and as shown in FIG. 25 (c) or FIG. After the formation of the mask pattern 4 12 A of the first resist pattern 4 13 A is removed.
- the phase shift layer 411 is etched using the mask pattern 41A, and the phase shift layer 411 is etched. Then, the portion outside the mask pattern 4 1 2 A is removed.
- a resist is applied on the transparent substrate 410 including the mask pattern 412A to form a second resist film 414.
- the second resist film 414 is developed, and as shown in FIG. 25 (f) or FIG. 25 (1). As shown, a second resist having an opening in the mask The pattern 4 14 A is formed.
- the mask pattern 4 12 A is etched using the second resist pattern 4 14 A as a mask to form the mask pattern 4.
- An opening 4 15 is formed in 12 A.
- the second resist pattern 414A is removed.
- the light-shielding film 4 12 on the phase shift layer 4 11 formed on the transparent substrate 4 10 is patterned and masked.
- the mask pattern 4 12 A is formed, the portion outside the mask pattern 4 12 A in the phase shift layer 4 11 1 is removed, and then the mask pattern 402 A is located in the mask enhancement region.
- the opening 4 15 to be formed is formed.
- a phase difference can be provided between the mask enhancer and the transmissive substrate 410 outside the mask pattern 412 A, that is, the light transmitting area, and the width of the opening 415, that is, the mask enhancer
- the photomask according to the first embodiment is formed by setting the width of the mask mask to be equal to or greater than that of the light-shielding film having the same width. be able to.
- the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 4 12 A and the patterning step for forming the opening 4 15 are performed independently. Therefore, the dimensions of the mask pattern 4 12 A including the openings 4 15, that is, the dimensions of the light-shielding pattern, and the dimensions of the mask enhancer can be accurately controlled, so that the photomask according to the first embodiment can be surely controlled. Can be created at any time.
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be easily formed as compared with the case where the phase shift layer 411 below the opening 415 having a small area is removed to provide the above-described phase difference. .
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be easily formed.
- the point that the method for producing a photomask according to the first modification of the fourth embodiment is more advantageous than the conventional method for producing a photomask due to the characteristics of a mask enhancer is described in the third embodiment. Same as the form.
- quartz glass is used as the material of the transparent substrate 410, but the material is not limited thereto, and calcium fluoride or the like may be used.
- an SOG film in which transmitted light causes a 180-degree phase inversion with respect to exposure light is used as the material of the phase shift layer 411.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and any transmissive film that causes a phase inversion of (170 + 360xn) to (190 + 360xn) degrees (where n is an integer) with respect to the exposure light can be used.
- a chromium compound is used as a material of the light-shielding film 412, but the material is not limited thereto, and a metal such as chromium, silicon, zirconium, or a compound thereof may be used. Good.
- the width of the opening 415 that is, the width of the mask enhancer is (WxM)
- WxM width of the mask enhancer
- L ⁇ It is preferably 0.8 x person / NA.
- W ⁇ (0.8 X ⁇ / ⁇ ) is 1 L and W ⁇ L or W ⁇ L—2 ⁇ , or 0.5x ((((0.8 x ⁇ / ⁇ ) -L) / 2) It is preferable that ⁇ W ⁇ 1.5 x (((0.8 x ⁇ / ⁇ ) -L) / 2) and W ⁇ L or W ⁇ L—2E.
- FIGS. 26A to 26G are cross-sectional views illustrating respective steps of a method for manufacturing a photomask according to a second modification of the fourth embodiment.
- FIGS. 26 (h) to (k) are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 26 (b), (c), (e) and (g), respectively.
- a transmissive substrate 420 made of, for example, quartz glass or the like, a thickness made of, for example, an SOG film or the like, in which transmitted light causes a 180 ° phase inversion with respect to exposure light.
- a phase shifter layer 421 having a height is formed.
- a light-shielding film 422 made of, for example, a chromium compound is deposited on the phase shifter layer 421, and then a resist is applied on the light-shielding film 422 to form a first resist film 423.
- the first resist film 423 is developed, as shown in FIG. 26 (b) or FIG. 26 (h).
- a first resist having an opening in a mask-enhancer formation region; Pattern 4 2 3 A is formed.
- the light-shielding film 42 is etched using the first resist pattern 42 3A as a mask, and as shown in FIG. 26 (c) or FIG. After forming the openings 4 2 4 in 2, the first resist pattern 4 2 3 A is removed. Next, as shown in FIG. 26 (d), the light-shielding film 4 2 2 including the openings 4 2 4 is formed. A resist is applied thereon to form a second resist film 425.
- a second resist pattern 425A is formed to cover the mask pattern formation region.
- the light-shielding film 422 and the phase shift layer 421 are sequentially etched using the second resist pattern 425 A as a mask, thereby shielding the light.
- a mask pattern 422A having a film 422 and an opening 424 is formed, and a portion of the phase shift layer 421 outside the mask pattern 422A is removed.
- the second resist pattern 425A is removed.
- the mask-enhancer-forming region is formed on the light-shielding film 422 on the phase shifter layer 421 formed on the transparent substrate 420.
- the light-shielding film 4 2 2 is patterned to form a mask pattern 4 2 2 A having the openings 4 2 4. The portion outside the mask pattern 4 2 2 A is removed.
- a phase difference can be provided between the mask enhancer and the transmissive substrate 420 outside the mask pattern 422 A, that is, the light transmitting region, so that the width of the opening 424, that is, the mask enhancer
- the width of the mask is set so that the light shielding property of the mask hancer is equal to or greater than that of the light shielding film having the same width.
- a photomask according to one embodiment can be formed.
- the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 422 A and the patterning step for forming the opening 424 are independent. Therefore, the dimensions of the mask pattern 4 22 A including the openings 4 2 4, that is, the dimensions of the light-shielding pattern, and the dimensions of the mask enhancer can be accurately controlled, so that the photomask according to the first embodiment can be controlled. Can be created reliably.
- the photomask according to the first embodiment is simpler than the case where the lower phase shift layer 4 21 on the lower side of the opening 4 2 4 having a small area is provided to provide the above-mentioned phase difference. Can be created.
- the presence of the light-shielding film pattern is not essential in the etching of the phase shift layer 421, When forming the mask pattern 422A, no problem occurs even if the light-shielding film area surrounding the opening 424 is lost due to misalignment of the mask drawing apparatus.
- quartz glass is used as the material of the transparent substrate 420, but the material is not limited to this, and calcium fluoride or the like may be used.
- the material of the phase shift layer 4 21 the SOG film in which the transmitted light causes a phase inversion of 180 degrees with respect to the exposure light was used, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the transmitted light is (170 + 360xn) to (190 + 360xn) Any transmissive film that causes a phase inversion of degrees (where n is an integer) can be used.
- a chromium compound is used as a material of the light-shielding film 422, but the material is not limited to this, and a metal such as chromium, silicon, zirconium, or a compound thereof may be used. Good.
- the width of the opening 424 that is, the width of the mask-enhancer is (WxM)
- W ⁇ 0.4x person / NA it is preferable that W ⁇ 0.4x person / NA.
- the width of the mask pattern 422A including the opening 424 that is, the width of the light-shielding pattern is (LXM)
- L ⁇ 0.8X / NA is preferred.
- the third modification of the fourth embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in the following. That is, in the fourth embodiment, the patterning step for forming an opening is performed after the patterning step for forming a mask pattern. In a third modification of the embodiment, a patterning step for forming an opening is performed before a patterning step for forming a mask pattern.
- FIGS. 27A to 27G are cross-sectional views illustrating each step of a method for manufacturing a photomask according to a third modification of the fourth embodiment.
- FIGS. 27 (h) to (1) are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 27 (b), (c), (d), (f) and (g), respectively.
- a transparent substrate 430 made of, for example, quartz glass or the like, a film made of, for example, an SOG film and having a thickness at which the transmitted light causes a 180-degree phase inversion with respect to the exposure light.
- the phase shifter layer 431 having the thickness 431 is formed.
- a light-shielding film 432 made of, for example, a chromium compound is deposited on the phase shifter layer 431, and then a resist is applied on the light-shielding film 432 to form a first resist film 433.
- the first resist film 433 is developed, as shown in FIG. 27 (b) or FIG. 27 (h).
- a first resist pattern 433A having an opening in the mask-enhancer formation region is formed.
- the light-shielding film 432 is etched using the first resist pattern 433A as a mask to form an opening 434 in the light-shielding film 432 as shown in FIG. 27C or FIG. 27I. After that, the first resist pattern 433A is removed.
- the phase shift layer 431 is formed using the light shielding film 432 in which the opening 434 is formed as a mask. The portion of the phase shifter layer 431 below the opening 434 is removed by etching.
- a resist is applied on the light shielding film 432 including the opening 434 to form a second resist film 435.
- the second resist film 435 is developed, and as shown in FIG. 27 (f) or FIG. 27 (k).
- a second resist pattern 435A covering the mask pattern formation region is formed.
- Etching is performed to form a mask pattern 432A comprising a light-shielding film 432 and having an opening 4334, as shown in FIG. 27 (g) or FIG. 27 (1).
- the resist pattern 4 35 A is removed.
- the light-shielding film 432 on the phase shifter layer 431 formed on the transmissive substrate 430 is formed on the mask-enhancer formation region.
- the lower portion of the opening 4 3 4 in the phase shift layer 4 3 1 is removed, and then the light shielding film 4 3 2 2 is patterned to form the opening.
- a mask pattern 4 32 A having 4 3 4 is formed.
- the photomask according to the first embodiment is formed by setting the width of the quencher to be equal to or greater than the light-shielding property of the light-shielding film having the same width. can do.
- the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 43A and the patterning step for forming the opening 43 are made independent. Therefore, the dimensions of the mask pattern 432A including the openings 434, that is, the dimensions of the light-shielding pattern, and the dimensions of the mask enhancer can be accurately controlled, so that the photomask according to the first embodiment can be controlled. It can be created reliably.
- the space between the light transmission region and the mask sensor is removed. Since a phase difference is provided, compared with the case where the transmissive substrate 430 is carved to provide the phase difference, the control of the etching process is simplified, the phase error is reduced, and the phase shift is reduced. It is easy to make the edge of 1 vertical.
- the opening 4 3 4 Since the patterning step is performed before the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 432A, the phase shift layer 431 is etched using the light shielding film 432 in which the opening 434 is formed as a mask. Can be. Therefore, unlike the case where the opening is formed after the mask pattern is formed (for example, the fourth embodiment), it is not necessary to continuously perform the opening formation and the substrate etching using the resist pattern.
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be easily created.
- quartz glass is used as the material of the transparent substrate 430.
- the material is not limited to this, and calcium fluoride or the like may be used.
- an SOG film in which transmitted light has a 180-degree phase inversion with respect to exposure light is used as the material of the phase shift layer 431.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and any transmissive film that causes a phase inversion of (170 + 360xn) to (190 + 360xn) degrees (where n is an integer) with respect to the exposure light can be used.
- a chromium compound is used as a material of the light shielding film 432, but the material is not limited to this, and a metal such as chromium, silicon, zirconium, or a compound thereof may be used. Good.
- the width of the opening 434 that is, the width of the mask-enhancer is (WXM)
- W ⁇ 0.4 ⁇ person / NA it is preferable that W ⁇ 0.4 ⁇ person / NA.
- the width of the mask pattern 422A including the opening 434 that is, the width of the light-shielding pattern is (LXM)
- L ⁇ 0.8X / NA is preferred.
- the method for producing a photomask according to the fifth embodiment is based on the photomask according to the first embodiment, that is, an isolated mask formed from a light-shielding film region formed on a transparent substrate and a mask enhancer.
- This is a method for producing a photomask having a light-shielding pattern.
- NA indicates the numerical aperture of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure device
- human indicates exposure light, that is, the wavelength of the light source
- M indicates the magnification of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure device.
- FIGS. 28A to 28G are cross-sectional views illustrating respective steps of a method for manufacturing a photomask according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIGS. 28 (h) to (1) are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 28 (b), (c), (e), (f) and (g), respectively.
- a light-shielding film 501 made of, for example, a chromium compound is deposited on a transparent substrate 500 made of, for example, quartz glass, and then a resist is applied on the light-shielding film 501.
- a first resist film 502 is formed.
- the first resist film 502 is developed, and as shown in FIG. 28 (b) or FIG. 28 (h).
- a first resist pattern 502A having an opening in the mask-enhancer formation region is formed.
- the light-shielding film 501 is etched using the first resist pattern 502A as a mask, and an opening 503 is formed in the light-shielding film 501 as shown in FIG. 28 (c) or FIG. 28 (i).
- an opening 503 is formed in the light-shielding film 501 as shown in FIG. 28 (c) or FIG. 28 (i).
- the first resist pattern 502A is removed.
- an SOG film or the like is formed, and the transmitted light is 180 ° relative to the exposure light.
- a phase shift layer 504 having a thickness causing phase inversion is formed.
- a resist is applied on the phase shift layer 504 to form a second resist film 505.
- a second resist pattern 505A is formed to cover the mask pattern formation region.
- phase shift layer 504 is etched using the second resist pattern 505 A as a mask, and the phase shift layer 504 is etched as shown in FIG. 28 (f) or FIG. 28 (k). After removing the portion outside the mask pattern formation region in the evening layer 504, the second resist pattern 505A is removed.
- the light shielding film 501 is etched using the patterned phase shifter layer 504 as a mask to form a light shielding film.
- a mask pattern 501A made of a film 501 and having an opening 503 is formed.
- the mask pattern 501A including the opening 503 is covered with the phase shift layer 504.
- the transparent substrate 5 A phase shift layer 504 is formed on the layer 0 0, and then a portion of the phase shift layer 504 outside the mask pattern formation region is removed. Then, the light shielding film 501 is patterned to form an opening. A mask pattern 501 A having 503 is formed so as to be covered by the phase shift layer 504.
- a phase difference can be provided between the mask enhancer and the transmissive substrate 500 outside the mask pattern 501 A, that is, the light transmitting region, so that the width of the opening 503, that is, the mask enhancer
- the width of the mask is compared to that of a light-shielding film with the same width.
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be formed by setting the values to be equal to or more than the same.
- the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 501A and the patterning step for forming the opening 503 are performed independently. Since the dimensions of the mask pattern 501 A including the part 503, that is, the dimensions of the light-shielding pattern, and the dimensions of the mask enhancer can be accurately controlled, the photomask according to the first embodiment can be reliably produced. be able to. Further, according to the fifth embodiment, a phase difference is provided between the light transmission region and the mask enhancer by removing a portion of the phase shift layer 504 outside the mask pattern 501 A.
- the control of the etching process is simplified, the phase error is reduced, and the edge of the phase shift layer 504 is formed.
- the defect is removed according to the fifth embodiment. Since the process can be repaired by reforming the layer, there is no need to repeat the steps prior to the phase shift layer forming step, so that the throughput is improved.
- the point that the method for producing a photomask according to the fifth embodiment is more advantageous than the conventional method for producing a photomask due to the characteristics of the mask enhancer is the same as in the third embodiment. .
- quartz glass is used as the material of the transparent substrate 500, but the material is not limited to this, and calcium fluoride or the like may be used.
- a chromium compound is used as the material of the light shielding film 501, but the material is not limited to this, and a metal such as chromium, silicon, or zirconium, or a compound thereof may be used.
- phase shift layer 504 As a material of the phase shift layer 504, transmitted light Used an SOG film that causes a 180-degree phase inversion with respect to the exposure light, but is not limited to this, and the transmitted light is (170 + 360 ⁇ ) ⁇ (190 + 360 xn) with respect to the exposure light. Any transmissive film that produces a degree of phase inversion (where n is an integer) can be used.
- the width of the opening 503, ie, the width of the mask-enhancer is (WxM)
- it is preferable that the width is 4 ⁇ person / NA.
- the width of the mask pattern 501A including the opening 503, that is, the width of the light-shielding pattern is (L XM), L ⁇ 0.8 X 0 / NA. Is preferred.
- the difference between the fifth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is as follows. That is, in the fifth embodiment, the patterning step for forming the opening is performed before the patterning step for forming the mask pattern, and the patterning step outside the mask pattern in the phase shift layer is performed. On the other hand, in a modified example of the fifth embodiment, a patterning step for forming an opening is performed after a patterning step for forming a mask pattern. In addition, the lower part of the opening in the phase cis layer is removed.
- FIGS. 29A to 29G are cross-sectional views illustrating each step of a method for manufacturing a photomask according to a modification of the fifth embodiment.
- FIGS. 29 (h) to (1) are plan views corresponding to FIGS. 29 (b), (c), (e), (f) and (g), respectively.
- a light-shielding film 511 made of, for example, a chromium compound is deposited on a transparent substrate 510 made of, for example, quartz glass, and then a resist is formed on the light-shielding film 511. Is applied to form a first resist film 512.
- the first resist film 512 is developed, and as shown in FIG. 29 (b) or FIG. 29 (h). As shown, a first resist pattern 512A covering the mask pattern formation region is formed.
- the light-shielding film 511 is etched using the first resist pattern 512A as a mask to form the light-shielding film 511 as shown in FIG. 29 (c) or FIG. 29 (i). After forming the mask pattern 511A, the first resist pattern 512A is removed.
- the transmissive substrate 510 including the mask pattern 511A for example, a SOG film or the like and the transmitted light is phase-inverted by 180 degrees with respect to the exposure light.
- a resist is applied on the phase shifter layer 513 to form a second resist film 514.
- a pattern is drawn on the second resist film 514 using a mask drawing apparatus.
- the second resist film 514 is developed to form a second resist pattern 514A having an opening in the mask-enhancer formation region as shown in FIG. 29 (e) or FIG. 29 (j). Form.
- phase shift layer 513 is etched using the second resist pattern 514A as a mask, as shown in FIG. 29 (f) or FIG. 29 (k). After removing the portion located in the mask-enhancer formation region in the above, the second resist pattern 514A is removed.
- the mask pattern 511A is etched using the patterned phase shifter layer 513 as a mask.
- an opening 515 is formed in the mask pattern 511A.
- the transparent substrate 5 A phase shift layer 5 13 is formed on 10 and then a portion of the phase shift layer 5 13 located in the mask enhancement area is removed, and a mask pattern 5 11 A is formed in the mask enhancement area. An opening 5 15 located is formed.
- a phase difference can be provided between the mask enhancer and the transmissive substrate 5110 outside the mask pattern 511A, that is, the light transmitting region, so that the width of the opening 515, that is, the mask enhancer
- the photomask according to the first embodiment can be formed by setting the width so that the light shielding property of the mask enhancer is equal to or greater than that of the light shielding film having the same width. .
- the patterning step for forming the mask pattern 511A and the patterning step for forming the opening 515 are performed independently. Since the dimensions of the mask pattern 511 A including the openings 5 15, that is, the dimensions of the light-shielding pattern and the dimensions of the mask enhancer can be accurately controlled, the photomask according to the first embodiment can be reliably produced. I can do it.
- the position between the light transmitting region and the mask enhancer is removed. Since the phase difference is provided, compared to the case where the transparent substrate 5 10 is carved to provide the phase difference, the control of the etching process is simplified, the phase error is reduced, and the phase shift layer 5 13 It is easy to make the edge of the vertical.
- phase shift layer 513 when a defect occurs in the phase shift step 513 in the passing step, the phase shift layer 513 is re-formed. Therefore, the process before the phase shift layer formation process can be repeated. Since there is no need to return, throughput is improved.
- the point that the method for producing a photomask according to the modification of the fifth embodiment is more advantageous than the conventional method for producing a photomask due to the characteristics of the mask-enhancer is the same as in the third embodiment. It is.
- quartz glass is used as the material of the transparent substrate 510, but the material is not limited thereto, and calcium fluoride or the like may be used.
- a chromium compound is used as the material of the light-shielding film 511.
- the material is not limited to this, and a metal such as chromium, silicon, zirconium, or a compound thereof is used. Is also good.
- an SOG film in which transmitted light causes a 180-degree phase inversion with respect to exposure light is used, but the present invention is not limited to this. Any transmissive film can be used in which the transmitted light causes a phase inversion of (170 + 360 xn) to (190 + 360 xn) degrees (where ⁇ is an integer) with respect to the exposure light.
- the width of the opening 515 that is, the width of the mask hancer is (WxM)
- W ⁇ 0.4 X person / NA it is preferable that W ⁇ 0.4 X person / NA.
- the width of the mask pattern 511 A including the openings 5 15, that is, the width of the light-shielding pattern is (L ⁇ M)
- L ⁇ 0.8 X It is preferably human / NA.
- NA indicates the numerical aperture of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure apparatus
- human indicates exposure light, that is, the wavelength of the light source
- M indicates the magnification of the reduction projection optical system of the exposure apparatus.
- FIG. 30 is a flowchart of a pattern layout creation method and a mask writing data creation method according to the sixth embodiment.
- step S1 a pattern layout of a mask pattern (light-shielding pattern) to be formed on a photomask is created.
- step S2 from the pattern layout created in step S1, a width LxM of (Q x person / NA) XM (where Q is a predetermined value of 0.8 or less) is used. Extract the line pattern. At this time, pattern edges, pattern corners, or other necessary portions may be extracted from the pattern layout.
- step S3 the inside of each of the line pattern, pattern end, or pattern corner extracted in step S2 is a pattern representing a mask-enhancer (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as a mask-enhancer). Determine the position.
- step S4 the dimensions of the mask-enhancers to be arranged at the arrangement positions determined in step S3 are set based on the dimensions of the line pattern or the like containing each mask-enhancer.
- the line pattern has the width LXM
- the width of the mask enhancer arranged inside the line pattern is W ⁇ M.
- W ((0.8 x ⁇ / ⁇ ) — L) / 2 (where L ⁇ (0.8 x ⁇ / ⁇ A)).
- the mask-enhancers are arranged at intervals smaller than a predetermined interval (for example, the minimum interval required to separate and form adjacent mask-enhancers), or between mask-enhancers When they are arranged so as to overlap with each other, the mask enhancers are combined into one. Furthermore, mask-enhancers smaller than a predetermined size (for example, the resolution of a mask drawing apparatus) are eliminated.
- step S5 the dimension of the mask enhancer is adjusted so that a pattern having desired dimensions can be formed after exposure by the mask pattern having the pattern layout in which the mask enhancer is arranged in step S4.
- step S6 based on the pattern layout dimensionally adjusted in step S5, data for forming a mask pattern corresponding to the mask pattern, data for forming a mask enhancer corresponding to the pattern representing the mask enhancer, and a mask It outputs light shielding film area forming data corresponding to the remaining pattern obtained by subtracting the pattern representing the mask-enhancer from the pattern.
- steps S1 to S4 pattern layout creation stage
- FIG. 31 (a) shows an example of the pattern layout created in step S1.
- FIG. 31 (b) shows a line pattern, a pattern end, and a pattern corner extracted from the pattern layout shown in FIG. 31 (a) in step S2.
- the line patterns 601 and 602 having a width L ⁇ of (0.8 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ ) ⁇ M or less, and the pattern end 603 and the pattern Extract corner 604.
- Fig. 31 (c) shows the inside of the line pattern etc. shown in Fig. 31 (b) in step S3.
- 1 shows a mask-enhancer arranged in the first embodiment.
- a line mask 601 is disposed at the center of the line pattern 601, and an end mask is disposed at the end of the line pattern 601. Quenhanser 6 1 lb is located.
- a line mask hancer 612 is arranged at the center of the line pattern 602, an end mask hancer 613 is arranged at the pattern end 603, and a corner mask 604 is arranged at the pattern corner 604.
- Masken Hanser 6 14 is arranged.
- FIG. 31 (d) shows a pattern pattern in which a mask-enhancer having dimensions determined in step S4 based on the dimensions of the line pattern and the like shown in FIG. 31 (c) is arranged.
- each of the line patterns 601 and 602 having a width L XM of (0.8 ⁇ E / NA) XM or less in the pattern layout 600 first, for example, W 2 (( 0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) — Place a line mask enhancer 6 11 a and 612 having a width Wx ⁇ defined by L) / 2.
- the line width of the light-shielding film area surrounding the opening is smaller than a predetermined minimum line width that can be created by the mask drawing apparatus when the mask is formed, the line width of the light-shielding film area surrounding the mask enhancer is reduced. As the above-mentioned predetermined minimum line width, the predetermined minimum line width is subtracted from the width of the line pattern to determine the width of the mask enhancer.
- the width of the mask-en-hancer is smaller than the minimum dimension required to form the mask-en-hancer inside the light-shielding film area, that is, smaller than the predetermined minimum line width, the mask-en-hancer is extinguished. .
- the above-described predetermined minimum line width is about the size of the overlay margin of the mask drawing apparatus.
- the photomask forming methods according to the first modified example and the second modified example of the third embodiment for a line pattern in which L is less than (0.8 X in / NA) / 3, even if it is formed with a structure of only the phase shifter without the light shielding film region, the same effect as in the case of using the mask enhancer structure can be obtained.
- the end of the line pattern 601, the pattern end 603, and the pattern corner 604 of the pattern layout 600 first have dimensions of (0.8 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ ) / 3 ⁇ M square.
- the end mask enhancers 611b and 613 and the corner mask enhancer 614 are arranged so that each mask enhancer is surrounded by at least the light shielding film region having the above-mentioned predetermined minimum line width. Thereafter, if the arranged mask-enhancers overlap each other, or if the gap between the mask-enhancers is smaller than the minimum distance required to separate and form the mask-enhancers, the mask-enhancers are separated from each other. Join. At this time, if the dimension of the mask-enhancer is larger than (0.5 x person / NA) XM, reset the dimension to be (0.5 ⁇ ⁇ ) xM or less.
- the mask-enhancer for maximizing the light-shielding property is arranged at the center of the line pattern where the light-shielding property is weakened, and the mask-enhancer for the pattern corner and the pattern end is also provided. It is possible to create a pattern layout in which are arranged. As a result, at least a part of the pattern layout having a width of about (0.8 X person / NA) / 3 XM or more can realize the same light shielding property.
- steps S5 and S6 mask drawing data creation stage
- steps S5 and S6 mask drawing data creation stage
- FIG. 31 (e) shows a pattern layout after the dimension adjustment of the mask-enhancer shown in FIG. 31 (d) in step S5.
- a portion for example, region R 1 where test exposure is performed and the width of a pattern formed after exposure is smaller than a design value, corresponds to While the width of the mask-enhancer (for example, the line mask-enhancer 6 11a) is increased, the portion where the width of the pattern formed after exposure becomes larger than the design value (for example, the region R2) is correspondingly increased.
- Reduce the fortune of the mask-enhancer for example, the mask-enhancer 6 1 2 for line).
- the external dimensions of the pattern layer that is, the dimensions of the mask pattern may be adjusted together with the dimension adjustment of the mask enhancer.
- the outer shape of the original pattern layout 600 is shown by a broken line
- the outer shape of the dimensionally adjusted pattern layout 600A is shown by a solid line.
- FIG. 31 (f) shows the mask pattern forming data determined in step S6 based on the pattern layout after the dimension adjustment shown in FIG. 31 (e)
- FIG. 31 (g) shows the step S6.
- Fig. 6 shows a mask-enhancer-forming device determined based on the pattern layout after the dimension adjustment shown in Fig. 31 (e).
- the pattern obtained by subtracting the pattern representing the mask enhancer from the mask pattern corresponds to the light-shielding film region, and the pattern representing the mask enhancer corresponds to the opening provided in the light-shielding film. I do.
- the pattern L has a width L XM of (0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) XM or less from the pattern layout 600 corresponding to the light-shielding pattern.
- a mask-enhancer with a width (XM) or less (WXM) less than ((0.8 X person / NA)-L) inside the line pattern.
- a mask-enhancer that can enhance the light-shielding effect can be arranged in a portion of the light-shielding pattern where the light-shielding effect is weak, so that the light intensity distribution projected on the substrate is distorted with respect to the pattern layout. It can be formed in a shape that is not less. Therefore, a photomask pattern that can form a pattern of any size, including dimensions below the resolution, in any shape. Can be created.
- the masking effect of the mask will be maximized.
- the pattern layout creating method when extracting a line pattern, a pattern end and a pattern corner are extracted, and (0.5) is placed inside each of the pattern end and the pattern corner.
- XA / NA) x A mask hancer having a dimension of not more than M square is arranged. For this reason, the transmitted light that has passed around the pattern edge or the back side of the pattern corner of the light-shielding pattern due to the diffraction phenomenon can be reliably canceled by the light that has passed through the mask-enhancer.
- the mask drawing data creation method after the mask hancer is arranged so that the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding pattern is maximized, that is, the pattern layout creation method according to the sixth embodiment is used.
- the dimensions of the mask-enhancer are adjusted based on the results of the test exposure, so that the dimensions of the mask-enhancer can be adjusted so that the dimensions of the pattern formed after exposure become equal to the design values. For this reason, mask drawing data that can prevent the pattern from retreating can be created, and a fine pattern can be formed with high precision by performing exposure using a photomask formed according to the mask drawing data.
- the width of the mask enhancer corresponding to the portion where the width of the pattern formed after exposure is larger than the design value is reduced, and the width of the pattern formed after exposure is reduced.
- the width of the mask-enhancer corresponding to the portion where the width of the pattern to be formed becomes smaller than the design value is increased. For this reason, the width of the pattern formed after exposure can be reliably made equal to the design value.
- W ((0 .8 x ⁇ / ⁇ ) 1 L) / 2 to maximize the light-shielding effect of the line pattern including the mask-enhancer, but instead of 0.5 x ((0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) -L) /2 ⁇ W ⁇ 1.5 ((0.8 x ⁇ / ⁇ ) -L) / 2 (W ⁇ L or W ⁇ L— 2 E; (E XM) is on the photomask Even if it is set to the minimum dimension that can be formed, the masking effect can be sufficiently improved by the mask enhancer. O Also, at least W ⁇ (0.8 ⁇ / ⁇ ) — L (W ⁇ L or W ⁇ L— If it is set to 2E), the effect of improving the light-shielding properties by the mask-enhancer is produced.
- the dimensions of the mask-enhancer were adjusted based on the results of the test exposure. Instead, the mask-enhancer was adjusted based on the results of the exposure simulation. One dimensional adjustment may be made.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/869,848 US6703168B1 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2000-11-02 | Photomask |
KR1020037010482A KR100553070B1 (ko) | 1999-11-08 | 2000-11-02 | 패턴 형성방법 |
EP00971788A EP1241523B1 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2000-11-02 | Photomask, method of producing photomask |
JP2001536639A JP3708875B2 (ja) | 1999-11-08 | 2000-11-02 | フォトマスク及びその作成方法 |
KR1020027005919A KR100553069B1 (ko) | 1999-11-08 | 2000-11-02 | 포토마스크 및 포토마스크의 작성방법 |
DE60020163T DE60020163T2 (de) | 1999-11-08 | 2000-11-02 | Fotomaske, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
US10/688,960 US7001711B2 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2003-10-21 | Patterning method using a photomask |
US11/314,019 US7205077B2 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2005-12-22 | Method for producing photomask and method for producing photomask pattern layout |
US11/716,637 US7468240B2 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2007-03-12 | Patterning method using photomask |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11/316752 | 1999-11-08 | ||
JP31675299 | 1999-11-08 |
Related Child Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09869848 A-371-Of-International | 2000-11-02 | ||
US09/869,848 A-371-Of-International US6703168B1 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2000-11-02 | Photomask |
US10/688,960 Division US7001711B2 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2003-10-21 | Patterning method using a photomask |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001035166A1 true WO2001035166A1 (en) | 2001-05-17 |
Family
ID=18080534
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2000/007772 WO2001035166A1 (en) | 1999-11-08 | 2000-11-02 | Photomask, method of producing photomask, and method of making pattern using photomask |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US6703168B1 (ja) |
EP (3) | EP1542073A3 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3708875B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR100553069B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN1661480A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60020163T2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW466584B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001035166A1 (ja) |
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EP1408373A1 (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2004-04-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Photomask, method of producing it and pattern froming method using the photomask |
WO2005040919A1 (ja) * | 2003-10-23 | 2005-05-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | フォトマスク、そのフォトマスクを用いたパターン形成方法及びマスクデータ作成方法 |
US7060395B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2006-06-13 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Photomask, method for forming the same,and method for designing mask pattern |
JP2006171335A (ja) * | 2004-12-15 | 2006-06-29 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 位相シフトマスク及びパターン形成方法 |
US7790337B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2010-09-07 | Panasonic Corporation | Photomask, pattern formation method using the same and mask data creation method |
JP2013134435A (ja) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Hoya Corp | フォトマスクの製造方法、フォトマスク、パターン転写方法及びフラットパネルディスプレイの製造方法 |
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- 2000-11-02 JP JP2001536639A patent/JP3708875B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-02 DE DE60020163T patent/DE60020163T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-02 EP EP05003695A patent/EP1542073A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-11-02 KR KR1020037010482A patent/KR100553070B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-02 EP EP05003679A patent/EP1542072A3/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2000-11-02 CN CN200510003896XA patent/CN1661480A/zh active Pending
- 2000-11-02 EP EP00971788A patent/EP1241523B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-02 CN CNB008125996A patent/CN1209683C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-07 TW TW089123500A patent/TW466584B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7060395B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2006-06-13 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Photomask, method for forming the same,and method for designing mask pattern |
US7361436B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2008-04-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Pattern formation method |
US7364822B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2008-04-29 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Photomask, method for forming the same, and method for forming pattern using the photomask |
EP1408373A1 (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2004-04-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Photomask, method of producing it and pattern froming method using the photomask |
EP1408373A4 (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2012-01-25 | Panasonic Corp | PHOTOLITHOGRAPHIC MASK, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, AND PATTERN FORMATION METHOD USING THE MASK |
WO2005040919A1 (ja) * | 2003-10-23 | 2005-05-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | フォトマスク、そのフォトマスクを用いたパターン形成方法及びマスクデータ作成方法 |
JP2009104195A (ja) * | 2003-10-23 | 2009-05-14 | Panasonic Corp | マスクデータ作成方法 |
US7842436B2 (en) | 2003-10-23 | 2010-11-30 | Panasonic Corporation | Photomask |
JP2006171335A (ja) * | 2004-12-15 | 2006-06-29 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 位相シフトマスク及びパターン形成方法 |
JP4574343B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-15 | 2010-11-04 | 三星電子株式会社 | 位相シフトマスク及びパターン形成方法 |
US7790337B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2010-09-07 | Panasonic Corporation | Photomask, pattern formation method using the same and mask data creation method |
JP2013134435A (ja) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Hoya Corp | フォトマスクの製造方法、フォトマスク、パターン転写方法及びフラットパネルディスプレイの製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1542073A2 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
KR20030075184A (ko) | 2003-09-22 |
US20060121367A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
EP1241523B1 (en) | 2005-05-11 |
CN1373861A (zh) | 2002-10-09 |
US7468240B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 |
KR100553070B1 (ko) | 2006-02-15 |
US20070224542A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
EP1542072A2 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
EP1241523A4 (en) | 2003-01-07 |
EP1542073A3 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
US6703168B1 (en) | 2004-03-09 |
CN1661480A (zh) | 2005-08-31 |
TW466584B (en) | 2001-12-01 |
KR20030008211A (ko) | 2003-01-24 |
US20040081899A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
EP1241523A1 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
DE60020163T2 (de) | 2005-10-20 |
DE60020163D1 (de) | 2005-06-16 |
US7001711B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 |
US7205077B2 (en) | 2007-04-17 |
KR100553069B1 (ko) | 2006-02-15 |
JP3708875B2 (ja) | 2005-10-19 |
CN1209683C (zh) | 2005-07-06 |
EP1542072A3 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
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