WO2001029927A1

WO2001029927A1 - Switchable antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2001029927A1
Application number: PCT/DE2000/001401
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Schreiber; Stefan Huber
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 1999-10-15
Filing date: 2000-05-03
Publication date: 2001-04-26

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna, especially for a mobile radiotelephone appliance, with an antenna structure which is provided with at least one contacting location. According to the invention, the antenna structure is provided with at least two contacting locations that are spaced apart from one another, form a contacting location pair (5, 9) and can be connected alternatively to a line (HF, 8) by means of a switching device (6, 12).

Description

description

SWITCHABLE ANTENNA

The invention relates to an antenna, in particular for a mobile radio device, according to the preamble of claims 1 and 3.

Antennas, in particular for mobile radio devices, are known. With these antennas, the antenna structure can be designed as a so-called patch structure or as a PCB structure. The

Antenna structure serves at least to emit electromagnetic waves. However, the antenna structure also serves to receive electromagnetic waves, in particular for mobile radio devices. The antenna structure has at least one contact point that can be connected to an RF line of a transmitter and / or receiver. However, antenna structures are also known which have both a contact point for the HF line and for a ground connection. In order to be able to transmit and / or receive within a frequency band, the antenna structure must be designed to be broadband accordingly. For example, it is possible for two transmission frequencies or one transmission and one reception frequency to lie within a frequency band, to which the broadband antenna structure can be tuned, that is to say adjusted to the resonance frequency. Depending on the bandwidth, the length or size of the antenna structure also changes. Since, among other things, the trend toward ever smaller device units in mobile radio devices, known antennas often occupy a partial volume of the device which can also exceed 10% of the total volume of the device.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an antenna of the type mentioned at the outset which does not have this disadvantage.

This object is achieved with an antenna which has the features of claim 1. The antenna, which is used in particular for a mobile radio device, for example mobile fon, has an antenna structure at least for the emission of electromagnetic waves. The antenna structure has at least one contact point on the antenna structure. According to the invention, it is provided that the antenna structure has at least two spaced-apart contacting points which form a pair of HF contacting points, the at least two contacting points being selectively switchable to an HF line via a first switching device. The fact that at least two contact points are provided which are spaced apart from one another on the antenna structure virtually alters the effective length of the antenna structure, since the HF line can be connected to the antenna structure at different points. With the switching device, which can be assigned, for example, to the antenna itself or to the mobile radio device, the antenna structure can thus be set or tuned to at least two resonance frequencies, in particular within a frequency band. It is thus possible either to tune the antenna according to the invention to two different transmission frequencies or to a transmission and reception frequency. This is particularly advantageous for mobile radio devices since the transmitter and receiver are never operated simultaneously. There is thus the possibility with the antenna according to the invention to tune the antenna separately for the transmission and reception path. The antenna according to the invention therefore no longer has to cover the entire bandwidth required for receiving and transmitting operations simultaneously, but only, for example, half the bandwidth. The size of the antenna structure and thus that of the entire antenna can thus be reduced.

In one embodiment, it is provided that a third contact point lies at a distance from the pair of HF contact points on the antenna structure, the third contact point being connectable to a ground line. The antenna according to the invention can therefore be operated both with and without a ground connection. The object is also achieved with an antenna which shows the features of claim 3. According to the invention, it is provided in this antenna that there are two contact points on the antenna structure which are at a distance from one another and form a pair of ground contact points. According to the invention, it is further provided that each contact point can be selectively connected to a ground line via a second switchover device, and that another contact point is located on the antenna structure at a distance from the ground contact point pair, the further contact point being connectable to an RF line. According to the invention, however, it can also be provided that instead of the one further contact point for the HF line, the HF contact point pair is provided, to which the first switching device is assigned, so that in addition to the switchover possibility on the ground contact point pair, there is also a switchover possibility is given at the RF contact point pair. The antenna structure according to the invention can therefore have three contact points, two of which can be optionally switched with the ground connection and the third contact point can be contacted with the HF line. Alternatively, four contact points can also be provided, two contact points forming the ground contact point pair and the two other contact points forming the RF contact point pair.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the antenna structure is a metallic patch structure. Alternatively, the antenna structure can also be designed as a metallic conductor track on a conductor track carrier, that is to say form a so-called PCB antenna structure.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the antenna structure has at least two substructures. At least one dual-band antenna is therefore formed. In the case of patch structures, it can be provided that the patch structure is essentially rectangular and has two paths, each path being assigned a specific resonance frequency. However, the patch structure can be designed in any way, so that — insofar as a dual-band antenna is provided — it is only necessary to ensure that the patch structure has at least two resonance frequencies. If, on the other hand, a PCB antenna is provided, at least two metallic conductor tracks are arranged on at least one conductor track carrier, the substructures being designed in such a way that different resonance frequencies are present.

Instead of a dual-band antenna, however, the antenna according to the invention can also be designed as a multiband antenna. Depending on how many bands are to be operated, the patch structure then has a corresponding shape, so that it has the required different resonance frequencies. With the PCB antenna, a corresponding number of conductor tracks can be arranged on one or more conductor track carriers.

In a particularly preferred exemplary embodiment, the antenna is designed as a transmitting and receiving antenna. The antenna can thus be tuned to a transmission and reception frequency by means of the first and / or second switchover device, so that the antenna does not have to be designed to be broadband, as mentioned above. Such transmission and reception antennas are used in particular in mobile radio devices, for example mobile telephones.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the antenna can be integrated into the mobile radio device. Because the antenna is reduced in size since only half the bandwidth has to be covered, the antenna according to the invention can easily follow the trend towards ever smaller and lighter mobile radio devices. The space requirement of the antenna on the total volume of the device can thus be reduced. Further refinements result from the subclaims.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Figures la to ld different wiring options of an antenna structure,

Figures 2a and 2b different circuits for one

Patch structure of an antenna,

FIG. 3 shows a resonance curve of the patch structure according to FIG. 2a,

FIGS. 4 and 5 each show an exemplary embodiment of a circuit for a PCB antenna structure, and

FIG. 6 shows a resonance curve of the PCB antenna structure according to FIG. 4.

FIGS. 1 a to 1d each show an arbitrary antenna structure 1 of an antenna 2, wherein in FIGS. 1 a to 1d different exemplary embodiments of a wiring of the antenna structure 1 are shown.

FIG. 1 a shows that there are two contact points 3 and 4 on the antenna structure 1, which are at a distance from one another, that is to say are attached to the antenna structure 1 at different locations or points. The contact points 3 and 4 form a pair of HF contact points 5. Via a first switching device 6, the contact points 3 and 4 can be selectively connected to an HF line.

FIG. 1b shows an antenna structure 1, the RF contact point pair 5 with its contact point 3 also being shown here and 4 is provided. As in FIG. 1 a, the contacting points 3 and 4 can be connected selectively to the HF line via the first switching device 6. The antenna structure 1 in FIG. 1b also has a third contact point 7, which is at a distance from the RF contact point pair 5. The third contact point 7 can be connected to a ground line 8.

FIG. 1c shows an antenna structure 1 which has only one RF contact point 3 'which can be connected to the RF line. Furthermore, the antenna structure 1 has a pair of ground contact points 9, which comprises two contact points 10 and 11, which are arranged at a distance from one another on the antenna structure 1. The ground contact point pair 9 is at a distance from the HF contact point 3 '. It can be seen that the contact points 10 and 11 can be selectively connected to the ground line 8 via a second switching device 12.

FIG. 1d shows an antenna structure 1 which has both the RF contact point pair with its contact points 3 and 4 and the ground contact point pair 9 with its contact points 10 and 11. Both pairs of contact points 5 and 9 lie at a distance from one another, so that the individual contact points 5, 6, 10 and 11 are also formed at a distance from one another on the antenna structure 1. It is shown that both the RF contact point pair 5 and the ground contact point pair 9 can be correspondingly connected to the HF line or to the ground line 8 via the first or second switching device 6, 12.

All of the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 d have in common that the effective length of the antenna structure 1 can be changed by the optional switching of the contacting points 3, 4, 10, 11, as a result of which the antenna 2 can be tuned to different frequencies. In particular is o co MMP "P> cn o C_π o cπ o Cπ ω rt-

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FIG. 2b shows the antenna structure 1 according to FIG. 2a, but the wiring of the antenna structure 1 according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1b is implemented. The same parts are given the same reference numerals in FIG. 2b as in FIG. The first switching device 6 has two switching elements 17 and 18, so that the HF line can optionally be connected to the contact point 3 or 4. Of course, it is also preferably provided here that the switching elements 17 and 18 are controlled such that only one of the contact points 3 or 4 is coupled to the RF line.

Of course, with the antenna 2 according to FIGS. 2a and 2b, all exemplary embodiments for the connection of the antenna structure 1 are possible, which are described in connection with FIGS. 1a to 1d.

FIG. 3 shows the resonance curve of the antenna structure according to FIG. 2a, that is to say the exemplary embodiment in which the ground line 8 is optionally connected to the contact points 10 and 11.

The resonance frequencies of the patch structure in the 900 MHz band range 19 can be seen in the left half of the diagram. The wiring of the antenna structure 1 according to the invention thus results in two different resonance frequencies fl and f2, with the resonance frequency fl corresponding to the transmission frequency and the resonance frequency f2 to the reception frequency, for example. It can be seen that, with a narrow-band design of the antenna structure 1-, the transmission and reception frequency can nevertheless be provided.

The right half of the diagram shows the 1800 MHz band range 20 in which the resonance frequencies f3 and f4 of the antenna structure 1 lie, so that here too the transmission and reception frequency can be tuned to the antenna structure 1. CO co>> P ¹

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P ^ Φ CΛ ι-i P- P 1 M Φ PJ tr p. Φ p. Φ P- Φ φ 1 o li H Φ PJ 00 φ o JV> rt φ 1 φ P cn H tr P- 1 P- PPP tr 1 P- P ¹ P

P CO 1 P Φ 1 P- 1 1 1 1 rt 1 1 1 H 1 1

can be. A capacitive coupling is provided for the substructure 23, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4-, in order to be able to couple in the RF signals. Of course, however, the substructure 23 can also be connected directly to the RF line via a switching device. The substructure 23 can thus also have a pair of HF contact points.

In the exemplary embodiments of the antenna 2 according to FIGS. 4 and 5, it is of course possible to implement all of the wiring variants which are shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1d. Each substructure can therefore be connected in accordance with these exemplary embodiments.

FIG. 6 shows the resonance curve of the antenna 2 according to FIG. 4. In the 900 MHz band range 19, the two frequencies fl and f2 can also be seen, which are set to the individual contact points 3 and 4 by switching the RF line. It can be seen that the antenna 2 can have a narrow-band design, but can be set to both the transmission and reception frequencies f1 and f2. The same applies to the 1800 MHz band range 20 shown in the diagram on the right with its frequencies f3 and f4.

Claims

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Φ

P- 3

CΛ rt

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Φ cn J J ι-i J P: et n n tr tr Φ

1

CΛ rt l-l d

; v et d l-l

P- cn rr

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5. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the antenna structure (1) is a metallic conductor track (23,24,26) on a conductor track carrier (21,27).

6. Antenna according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the antenna structure (1) has at least two substructures (13, 14; 23, 25, 26).

7. Antenna according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the antenna (2) is designed as a transmitting and / or receiving antenna.

8. Antenna according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the antenna (2) can be integrated into a mobile radio device.