WO2001028510A1

WO2001028510A1 - Clear antiperspirant stick composition comprising dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal

Info

Publication number: WO2001028510A1
Application number: PCT/EP2000/010226
Authority: WO
Inventors: Anthony Aloysius Scafidi
Original assignee: Unilever Plc; Unilever Nv; Hindustan Lever Limited
Priority date: 1999-10-21
Filing date: 2000-10-11
Publication date: 2001-04-26
Also published as: WO2001028510B1; AU1139501A

Abstract

A clear antiperspirant stick composition which comprises: a dispersion of a dimethicone or a substituted dimethicone in an antiperspirant matrix, wherein said antiperspirant matrix comprises: 1) an antiperspirant active; 2) fumed silica; 3) dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal; and 4) one or more polyhydric alcohols.

Description

CLEAR ANTIPERSPIRANT STICK COMPOSITION COMPRISING DIBENZYLIDENE SORBITOL ACETAL

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There are several clear antiperspirant sticks presently on the market which use dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal (DBS) as the gelling agent. Consumers have shown a high interest in these sticks because they are clear or transparent.

However, consumers have been disappointed in these sticks because of poor esthetics. Specifically, these compositions are sticky during dry down, and sticky during the day for the user.

It would be desirable to provide an antiperspirant stick composition which is based on a DBS gelling agent, and hence is clear and transparent, and at the same time avoids the stickiness of the DBS based sticks which are presently on the market.

Publications, which are related to this field of invention, are as follows:

U.S. Patent No. 4,954,333 discloses transparent or translucent antiperspirants comprising a polyol, the reaction product of an antiperspirant salt and a silane and an optional gelling agent, but no or substantially no water.

U.S. Patent No. 5,490,979 discloses a clear antiperspirant material -containing, gel stick composition containing an acidic material (e.g., an aluminum salt) gelled with dibenzylidene sorbitol which further includes among other ingredients a guanidine compound.

WO 99/26598 discloses a translucent, preferably clear anhydrous gel composition which could be a solid stick, a soft solid, a cream as well as any form commonly referred to as a gel.

WO 99/26603 discloses a cosmetic composition which is a translucent to clear stick having low tack.

U.S. Patent No. 5,871,720 discloses a cosmetic composition made by combining in weight percent based on the total weight of the composition a) from 5.0-50.0 percent of a silicone fluid comprising at least one hydroxy functionalized silicone fluid, at least one stabilizing agent and optionally at least one additional silicone material b) from 40-95 percent of a gellant/solvent phase comprising a mixture of dibenzylidene sorbitol and at least one polyhydric alcohol solvent; and c) an effective amount of at least one active ingredient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a clear antiperspirant stick composition, which comprises: a dispersion of a dimethicone, a substituted dimethicone, a substituted polysiloxane or mixtures thereof, in an antiperspirant matrix comprising: 1) an antiperspirant active 2) fumed silica

3) dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal, and

4) a polyhydric alcohol

The antiperspirant stick compositions of the invention are clear, and avoid being sticky after application and during dry down; and further during the day.

The present invention is also directed to a method for preventing and controlling perspiration wetness in humans comprising the application to the underarm area that is, the axillary area, of an effective amount of the composition as above .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As used herein uniform distribution of droplets means a dispersed phase which is uniformly distributed in the antiperspirant matrix. Said dispersed phase can comprise about 0.2 to about 5% of the total composition.

As used herein, % means weight % of the total composition, unless otherwise specified. Antiperspirant matrix means the congealed or solidified antiperspirant composition which includes the antiperspirant active and which contains the uniformly dispersed phase. All of the ingredients used to prepare the compositions of the invention are known, or can be prepared according to known methods .

The present invention is directed to a clear antiperspirant stick composition, which comprises:

a dispersion of a dimethicone, a substituted dimethicone, a substituted polysiloxane, or mixtures thereof in an antiperspirant matrix comprising:

1) an antiperspirant active

2) fumed silica

3) dibenzylidene sorbitol, and

4) a polyhydric alcohol.

The invention is also directed to a process for preparing antiperspirant compositions of the invention.

The invention also relates to a composition as described above, wherein said antiperspirant matrix comprises:

a) about 5% to about 30% antiperspirant active b) about 0.5% to about 4.0% fumed silica c) about 0.3% to about 3% of dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal d) about 25% to about 70% of a polyhydric alcohol.

The invention also relates to a composition as described herein. The invention also relates to a composition as described above, wherein said antiperspirant matrix comprises: a) about 10% to about 20% antiperspirant active b) about 2.0% to about 3.0% fumed silica c) about 1.25% to about 1.75% dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal d) about 45% to about 50% polyhydric alcohol.

The invention also relates to a composition as described herein, wherein the antiperspirant active is selected from the group consisting of aluminum halides, aluminum hydroxyhalides, zirconyl oxy halides, zirconyl hydroxyhalides and mixtures of these salt materials.

The invention also relates to a composition as described herein, wherein the antiperspirant active is Westchlor.

The invention also relates to a composition as described herein, wherein said polyhydric alcohol is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol , dipropylene glycol , and 2 -methyl -1, 3- propane diol .

The invention also relates to a composition as described herein, wherein said polyhydric alcohol is propylene glycol.

The invention also relates to a composition as described herein, wherein the dimethicone is phenyl trimethicone .

The invention also relates to a composition as described herein, which further comprises an ingredient selected from the group consisting of drying agents, preservatives, dyes, and an organoclay.

The invention also relates to a composition as described herein, wherein said dispersion comprises uniformly distributed droplets.

What follows is a description of the ingredients used in the compositions of the invention.

ANTIPERSPIRANT MATERIAL

The present compositions contain from about 5% to about 30%, more preferably about 10% to about 20%, by weight of a particulate antiperspirant material. These weight percentages are calculated on an anhydrous metal salt basis (exclusive of glycine, the salts of glycine, or other complexing agents) . The particulate antiperspirant material preferably has particle sizes ranging from about 1 to about 100 microns, more preferably from about 1 to about 50 microns . They may be in impalpable or microscopic in form and preferably have a high bulk density (e.g. greater than about 0.7 g/cm³). Such materials include, for example, many aluminum or zirconium astringent salts or complexes and are well known in the art.

Any aluminum astringent antiperspirant salt or aluminum and / or zirconium astringent complex in particulate form can be employed herein. Salts useful as astringent antiperspirant salts or as components of astringent complexes include aluminum halides, aluminum hydroxyhalides, zirconyl oxy halides, zirconyl hydroxyhalides and mixtures of these salt materials .

Aluminum salts of this type include aluminum chloride and the aluminum hydroxy halides having the general formula Al₂ (OH) _xQ_yxH₂0 where Q is chlorine, bromine, or iodine; x is from about 2 to about 5, and x+y is about 6 and x and y do not need to be integers and where x is from about 1 to about 6. Aluminum salts of this type can be prepared in the manner described more fully in USP 3,887,692 to Gilman, USP 3,904,741 Jones and Rubino.

The zirconium salts which are useful in the present invention include both zirconium oxy salts and zirconium hydroxyl salts, also referred to as zirconyl hydroxy salts. The zirconium hydroxyl compounds may be represented by the following general empirical formula:

ZrO(OH)_2-nzB_z

wherein z may vary from about 0.9 to about 2 and need not be an integer, n is the valence of B, 2-nz is greater than or slightly above 0, and B may be selected from the group consisting of halides, nitrate, sulfamate, sulfate, and mixtures thereof. Although only zirconium and aluminum compounds are exemplified in the specification, it will be understood that other metals such as the Group IV B metals, including hafnium could be used in the present invention. As with the basic aluminum compounds, it will be understood that the above formula is greatly simplified and is intended to represent and include compounds having coordinated and/or bound water in various quantities as well as polymers, mixtures and complexes of the above. As will be seen from the above formula the zirconium hydroxy salts actually represent a range of compounds having various amounts of the hydroxy group, varying from about 1.1 to only slightly greater than 0 groups per molecule.

Several types of antiperspirant complexes using the above antiperspirant salts are known in the art. For example, 3,792,068 Luedders et al . , discloses complexes of aluminum, zirconium and amino acids such as glycines. Complexes such as those disclosed in Luedders and other similar complexes are commonly known as ZAG (or Zag) . ZAG complexes are chemically analyzable for the presence of aluminum, activated ZAG compounds and chlorine. ZAG complexes useful herein are identified by the specification of both the molar ratio of aluminum to zirconium (the Al : Zr ratio) and the molar ratio of total metal to chlorine (metal :C1) ZAG complexes useful herein have an Al : Zr ratio of from about 1.67 to about 12.5 and a metal :C1 ratio of about 0.73 to about 1.93.

Another patent which discloses ZAG compounds is USP 4,985,238 to Tanner et al . Preferred ZAG complexes are described in USP 4,985,238 to Tanner et al .

Another patent which discloses activated ZAG compounds

(AZAG or AZG compounds) is USP 5,486,347 to Callaghan et al . Activated ZAG compounds may be employed as the particulate antiperspirant active in the compositions of the present invention.

Activated ZAG compounds may be prepared by heating an aqueous solution containing an aluminum chlorohydroxide component and mixing it with a zirconium hydroxy chloride component .

Another antiperspirant active which can be used in the compositions of the invention is AlZr pentachlorhydrexgly with added zinc glycinate.

Dimethicone

Dimethicones and substituted dimethicones are dimethyl silicone fluids of varying molecular weights. Dimethicones or substituted dimethicones may be included in compositions of the invention. Substituted polysiloxanes may be included in compositions of the invention. Any dimethicone, substituted dimethicone, or substituted polysiloxane which can form a dispersion of microscopic droplets in the antiperspirant matrix of the compositions of the invention, may be employed. Non-limiting examples of such dimethicones and/or substituted dimethicones are Dow Corning 200 Fluid (Dow Corning) , AF. 90230 (General Electric) , Corning 200 Fluid (Dow Corning) . The most preferred dimethicone is phenyl tridimethicone Dow Corning 556 Fluid (Dow Corning) .

Other dimethicones which can be employed are DC 190, dimethicone copolyol ; and SF 1555 (Bis-phenylpropyl dimethicone) , a copolymer of a polydimethyl siloxane and polyoxyalkylene ether.

As noted above dimethicones and/or substituted dimethicones are present in compositions of the invention as dispersions of microscopic bubbles. They are present in compositions of the invention of about 0.2 to about 5%, more preferably at about 1 to about 3 %, most preferably at about 2.0%. Fumed Silica

Fumed silicas are used in the compositions of the invention. Non-limiting fumed silicas which can be used have the following trade names: AEROSIL B200, CABOSIL M-5 and

AEROSIL R 972. These fumed silicas function as structurants in the compositions of the invention. Fumed silicas are present in compositions of the invention at about 0.5 to about 4.0% more preferably at about 2 to about 3% most preferably at about 2.5%.

Dibenzylidene Sorbitol Acetal (DBS)

DBS is a known gelling agent. It is an ingredient in the clear anhydrous stick formulations of the present invention. DBS is prepared by condensing benzaldehyde and sorbitol : mono- di- and tri-condensation products can be formed. The most likely structure for DBS is the 1,3 and 2,4- dibenzaldehyde monosorbitol acetal isomer. Formation of the thermodynamically less-favored 2,4- and 3,5- isomers has also been reported. Although insoluble in water, DBS is soluble in many polar organic solvents. DBS, an acetal, is not stable in an acidic, aqueous environment. DBS is described in W099/26598 and US Patent 5,609,855 assigned to Procter and Gamble.

It is available under the Trade Name Millithix 925. It is present in compositions of the invention at from about 0.5 to about 2.5%, more preferably at about 1% to about 3%, most preferably at about 2.0%.

Polyhydric Alcohol

Polyhydric alcohols are included in compositions of the invention. A polyhydric alcohol can be classified as an alcohol with more than one hydroxyl group. Non limiting examples of polyhydric alcohols are propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and 2-methyl-l , 3- propane diol (MP DIOL GLYCOL) . The most preferred polyhydric alcohol is propylene glycol .

Polyhydric alcohols up in the AP salt are present in compositions of the invention at about 40 to about 70%, more preferably at about 45 to about 50%.

OPTIONAL INGREDIENTS

In addition to the ingredients listed above, the anhydrous, topically-effective compositions of the present invention also can include other optional ingredients that are conventionally included in topical cosmetic and medicinal compositions. (It will be understood by those skilled in the art, that some of the optional ingredients listed below will, at certain levels, make the resulting compositions less clear or even opaque. Because clear compositions are desired, these ingredients can be minimized or avoided) . Fragrances can be incorporated into the anhydrous, compositions of the invention in an amount of from 0% to about 5% based on the total weight of the composition. A fragrance containing composition of the present invention, when applied to skin, thereby fixes a substantive fragrance film on the skin that resists moisture, but that can be removed by washing. Other optional ingredients that can be included in the anhydrous composition of the present invention include, but are not limited to, drying agents, like talc or DRY FLO (aluminum starch octenylsuccinate) ; preservatives; and dyes. Generally, such optional ingredients are present in a composition of the present invention in an amount of about 10% or less by weight. In addition, although the necessity of including an organoclay is virtually eliminated by the use of the new and improved suspending agent, an organoclay can be included in a composition of the present invention as a suspending agent in an amount of up to 20% by weight of the composition. An organoclay is especially helpful as an anti-caking agent to maintain a particulate topically- effective compound homogeneously dispersed throughout the composition. An exemplary organoclay is a quaternized three-layer clay exfoliated with a polar solvent, like a quaternized montmorillonite clay exfoliated with propylene carbonate.

The compositions of the invention made by: a) preparing a first phase by mixing one or more polyhydric alcohols, a fumed silica, and dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal; b) agitating and heating said first phase until a homogeneous mixture is obtained; c) Preparing a second phase by mixing an antiperspirant active and a dimethicone; d) said heated first phase is mixed with said heat said unheated second phase with agitation and cooled at a rate of about 1°C per minute to about 5°C per minute .

In another procedure, the compositions of the invention are prepared by combining all of the ingredients in the following manner: add the glycol to the vessel, followed by adding fumed silica, and then agitate until the materials are completely dispersed. Then add DBS and agitate until the materials are dispersed (Phase 1) . Heat to about 128 degrees C until the DBS is completely dissolved. In a separate vessel combine antiperspirant active, fragrance and silicone fluid (like phenyl trimethicone) . (This is Phase 2) . With agitation slowly add Phase 1 to Phase 2. Fill the resulting batch into canisters at about 85°C to about 90°C and cool rapidly to room temperature (about 68°-72°F) .

In still another procedure, compositions of the invention are prepared as follows:

1. DBS , fumed silica and propylene glycol were combined in a suitable tank and heated to about 128 degrees C with moderate agitation in a steam-jacketed tank (phase 1) . 2. Substituted dimethicone Dow Corning 556 fluid) Westchlor AZ28106 in a diluent such as propylene glycol and a fragrance were combined (phase 2)

3. Phase 1 was added slowly to phase 2 with moderate agitation and the batch was cooled to about 70 to about 75 degrees C or just above the set point of the gellant .

4. The batch was filled into canisters at 70C and cooled rapidly to entrap dispersed phase rapidly. This cooling was at about 5 degrees C per minute to prevent layering of the dispersed phase.

In addition, mixture from step 4 was measured with a Perkin Elmer UV Spectrophotometer spectrometer to determine that it had at least 30% transmission at a wavelength of 500 nanometers with a one centimeter path length.

As can be seen, the compositions of the invention contain large amounts of polyhydric alcohols, like glycol. The dimethicones, substituted dimethicones substituted polysiloxanes or mixtures thereof which are employed in the compositions of the invention have the unusual property of being neither soluble nor insoluble in the polyhydric alcohols, but rather form uniform dispersions of microscopic droplets in the polyhydric alcohols.

Without being bound by any theory, the uniform dispersion of dimethicone bubbles is believed to act as a detackifier, because the dispersion of bubbles is uniform and because the bubbles have a certain range of particle sizes, and further because there are certain average distances between the bubbles. This uniform dispersion of dimethicones, substituted dimethicones, substituted polysiloxanes or mixtures thereof contacts the skin and is believed to counteract the stickiness of the antiperspirant actives and the polyhydric alcohol (s) in the compositions. Thus, the composition is less sticky to the user.

The following specific example was made and is illustrative of the compositions of the invention. However, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific example set forth below:

Example 1 :

1. Westchlor A2Z8106 46 , . 0 %

2. Millithix (DBS) 1 , . 5%

3. Propylene Glycol 47 . . 0 %

4. Fumed Silica 2 . . 5%

5. Fragrance 1 . . 0 % 6. 556 Fluid 2 . . 0 %

TOTAL 100 . . 0%

The procedure for the preparation of this composition of the invention was as follows:

The First Phase :

1) Propylene glycol was added to a reaction vessel 2) Fumed silica was then added to the vessel. 3) The mixture was agitated until the fumed silica was dispersed.

4) The DBS was added and the mixture was agitated until the DBS was dispersed.

5) Resulting phase 1 was heated until about 128°C, at which point the DBS was completely dissolved.

The Second Phase

1) In a separate vessel Westchlor, Fragrance and Silicone Fluid 556 were combined.

Phase 1 was slowly added to Phase 2. At about 70°C, the mixture was added to a deodorant canister. Then the mixture in the canister was rapidly cooled to room temperature about 20°C to about 25°C at a rate of 5°C per minute.

Other compositions of the invention may be prepared in a similar manner.

It should be understood that the specific embodiment of the invention herein illustrated and described is intended to be representative only, as certain changes may be made without departing from the clear teachings of the disclosure. Accordingly, reference should be made to the following appended claims in determining the full scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A clear antiperspirant stick composition characterised by comprising: a dispersion of a dimethicone, a substituted dimethicone, a substituted polysiloxane or mixtures thereof, in an antiperspirant matrix, wherein said antiperspirant matrix comprises:

1) an antiperspirant active 2) fumed silica

3) dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal, and

4) one or more polyhydric alcohols.

2. A composition according to claim 1 characterised by comprising: from about 0.2% to about 5.0% of a dimethicone, a substituted dimethicone a substituted polysiloxane; or mixtures thereof, fumed silica , DBS, Polyhydric alcohol .

3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 characterised by comprising: a) about 5% to about 30% antiperspirant active; b) about 0.5% to about 4.0% fumed silica; c) about 0.3% to about 3% of dibenzylidene sorbitol acetate; d) about 25% to about 70% of a polyhydric alcohol .

4. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised by further comprising a volatile silicone.

5. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised by comprising:

a) about 10% to about 20% antiperspirant active; b) about 2.0% to about 3.0% fumed silica; c) about 1.25% to about 1.75% dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal; d) about 45% to about 50% polyhydric alcohol.

6. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that the antiperspirant active is selected from the group consisting of aluminum halides, aluminum hydroxyhalides, zirconyl oxy halides, zirconyl hydroxyhalides and mixtures of these salt materials.

7. A composition according to claim 6 characterised in that the antiperspirant active is Westchlor.

8. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that polyhydric alcohol is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and 2-methyl-l , 3 - propane diol .

9. A composition according to claim 8 characterised in that said polyhydric alcohol is propylene glycol.

10. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that the dimethicone is phenyl trimethicone .

11. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that it further comprises an ingredient selected from the group consisting of drying agents, preservatives, dyes, and an organoclay.

12. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that said dispersion comprises uniformly distributed droplets.

13. A method for preparing a composition which comprises: a dispersion of a dimethicone, a substituted dimethicone, a substituted polysiloxane or mixtures thereof, in an antiperspirant matrix, wherein said antiperspirant matrix comprises: 1) an antiperspirant active

2) fumed silica

3) dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal, and

4) one or more polyhydric alcohols.

characterised by the steps of: a) preparing a first phase by mixing one or more polyhydric alcohols, a fumed silica, and dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal; b) agitating and heating said first phase until a homogeneous mixture is obtained; c) preparing a second phase by mixing an antiperspirant active and a dimethicone; d) said heated first phase is mixed with said unheated second phase with agitation and cooled at a rate of about 1°C per minute to about 5°C per minute .

4. A process according to claim 13, which is characterised by measuring the mixture from step (d) with a Perkin Elmer UV Spectrophotometer spectrometer to determine that said mixture has at least 30% transmission at a wavelength of 500 nanometers with a one centimeter path length.