WO2001004408A1 - A method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby - Google Patents
A method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001004408A1 WO2001004408A1 PCT/US2000/018589 US0018589W WO0104408A1 WO 2001004408 A1 WO2001004408 A1 WO 2001004408A1 US 0018589 W US0018589 W US 0018589W WO 0104408 A1 WO0104408 A1 WO 0104408A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- article
- textile surface
- stainblocker
- stainblocker composition
- dyeable
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- CEZCCHQBSQPRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-L chembl174821 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].COC1=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(C)C=C1N=NC1=C(O)C=CC2=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=C12 CEZCCHQBSQPRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000980 acid dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical class O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 12
- WHKUVVPPKQRRBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trasan Chemical compound CC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OCC(O)=O WHKUVVPPKQRRBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000014214 soft drink Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Patent blue Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C(=CC(=CC=1)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- KMGARVOVYXNAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzpiperylone Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCC1N1C(=O)C(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1 KMGARVOVYXNAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020279 black tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021539 instant coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000020095 red wine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009732 tufting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
- D06P3/241—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using acid dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B21/00—Successive treatments of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/001—Treatment with visible light, infrared or ultraviolet, X-rays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/41—Phenol-aldehyde or phenol-ketone resins
- D06M15/412—Phenol-aldehyde or phenol-ketone resins sulfonated
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
- D06P3/242—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using basic dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
- D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
- D06P3/8209—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing amide groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
- D06P5/08—After-treatment with organic compounds macromolecular
Definitions
- the invention relates to a continuous method for treating a textile surface made of differentially dyeable nylon yarns with a stainblocker composition to impart stain resistance thereto, and to the article produced thereby.
- stainblockers are commonly applied to non-differentially dyeable carpets or carpet tiles to impart stain resistance.
- the residence time of the carpet in the bath is usually not adjusted as an independent critical parameter but is instead a function of the speed of the carpet line.
- the carpet After removal from the bath the carpet passes through a steam chamber wherein it is exposed to saturated steam for about sixty to ninety (60 to 90) seconds.
- conventional finishing steps for the carpet typically include: a suction hydroextraction operation where residual liquid is vacuumed from the carpet; a cold water rinse operation (either by spraying or passing the carpet through a dip trough) ; another suction hydroextraction operation; and a final drying.
- the batch-wise process for applying the stainblocker composition and a surfactant to a textile surface made of non-differentially dyeable yarns (such as a broadloom carpet) is termed the "winch/beck" process .
- the batch-wise winch/beck process discrete dyed carpets are immersed in a vat having a bath including a stainblocker composition and a surfactant .
- the temperature of the bath in the batch-wise winch/beck process is slightly higher than in the continuous process, in the range from seventy to seventy-five degrees Celcius (70 to 75 °C) , and the residence time in the bath is on the order of twenty minutes.
- the carpet After removal from the bath, the carpet is subjected to the conventional finishing steps such as rinsing with cold water in si tu, or after unloading from the hot application bath, rinsed by spray bar followed by a vacuum extraction operation to ensure no residual stainblocker is left.
- the conventional finishing steps such as rinsing with cold water in si tu, or after unloading from the hot application bath, rinsed by spray bar followed by a vacuum extraction operation to ensure no residual stainblocker is left.
- the stainblocker composition is preferably of the anionic functionalized type, and more preferably, of the sulphone resole type having nonionic functionality.
- Suitable anionic functionalized type stainblocker compositions include sulphonated phenol formaldehyde condensate types, maleic acid anhydride types, acrylate dispersions and mixtures thereof.
- Anionic functionalized type stainblocker compositions should be present between three weight percent (3 wt%) and five weight percent (5 wt.%) based on the weight of the nylon carpet fiber.
- the pH of the bath must be adjusted to between 2 and 5.
- anionic functionalized type stainblocker compositions are available from E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware, under the trademarks SR 300, SR 400 and SR 500; from Du Pont de Nemours International S. A., Geneva, Switzerland, under the trademark NRD 334; from Allied Colloids, Bradford/West Yorkshire, U.K., under the trademark Alguard RD; and from Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany, under the trademark Baygard DT.
- sulphone resole type stainblocker compositions with nonionic functionality When sulphone resole type stainblocker compositions with nonionic functionality are used, they should be present at between four weight percent (4 wt . %) and six weight percent (6 wt . %) based on the weight of the nylon carpet fiber, and the pH must be adjusted to between 6 and 7.5.
- An example of a commercially available sulphone resole type stainblocker composition with nonionic functionality is available from E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware under the trademark Zelan 8236.
- the pH of the treatment bath may be adjusted by known acid donor additives such as acetic acid, citric acid and sulfamic acid.
- a surfactant may be added to the stainblocker bath separately or may be included as part of the stainblocker composition.
- the surfactant may be anionic, amphoteric or nonionic in nature.
- the surfactant used will be either an alkylated diphenyl oxide disulfonate sodium salt, alone or in combination with an alkylnaphtalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt.
- the surfactant is generally added to the bath at a rate of between one (1) and four (4) grams per liter. Suitable surfactants are available from E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware under the trademark Zelan 50; from Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan, under the trademark Dowfax 3B2 ; or from BASF AG, Ludwigshafen, Germany, under the trademark Primasol NF.
- the only publicly known system to apply a stainblocker composition to a differentially dyeable carpet is a method known as the "low liquor” method.
- a differentially dyeable carpet may attain at least a modest degree of stain resistance.
- a cold-foamed liquor including a stainblocker composition and a fluorocarbon material are co- applied topically to the carpet. Thereafter the carpet is dried, without steam or water rinse.
- the stainblocker composition typically utilized was the acrylate dispersion sold by 3M Corporation under the trademark "FX- 661", while the fluorocarbon material typically utilized was those sold by 3M Corporation under the trademarks "FC-3611", “FC-3602” or "FC-1395".
- the low liquor method is useful only with a carpet having a very low "wet pick-up", on the order of fifteen to twenty percent (15-20%) .
- Wet pick-up (wpu) is the ratio of the weight of the liquid picked-up by the carpet from a treatment bath to the weight of the carpet .
- the stainblocker composition penetrates into only about the upper twenty-five percent (25%) of the height of the pile elements of a differentially dyeable carpet. This depth of stainblocker penetration is not believed to be sufficient to impart a high degree of stain resistance.
- the present invention is directed to a continuous method for treating an article having a textile surface made of differentially dyeable nylon yarns with a stainblocker composition to impart stain resistance thereto.
- This method comprises the sequential steps of:
- the excess water is removed by passing the textile article through a pair of nip rolls to control the level of wet pick-up between two hundred and six hundred percent (200-600%) .
- the textile article preferably remains in the cooling zone for twenty (20) to one hundred twenty (120) seconds .
- the article is a pile surface structure having a plurality of pile elements
- substantially the entire height of each pile element is coated with the stainblocker composition whereby the pile surface structure has a stain resistance of 9 or higher on the AATCC Red 40 Stain Scale.
- the stainblocker composition is of the sulphone resole type having nonionic functionality (as is preferred) the stainblocker composition is present between four percent (4%) and six percent (6%) based on the weight of the nylon yarns, and the pH of the stainblocker bath is between six (6) and seven and one-half (7.5).
- the stainblocker composition is of the anionic functionalized type, such as that selected from the group consisting of sulphonated phenol formaldehyde condensate type, maleic acid anhydride type, acrylate dispersions and mixtures thereof, the stainblocker is present between three percent (3%) and five percent (5%) based on the weight of the nylon yarns; and the pH of the stainblocker bath is between two (2) and five (5) .
- the present invention is a method (the "infra-red” method) of treating articles having a textile surface (such as broadloom carpets or carpet tiles) with a stainblocker composition to impart stain resistance thereto.
- the textile surface of the articles may be made of either differentially dyeable nylon yarns or acid-dyeable nylon yarns .
- the textile surface of the article is colored with acid dyestuffs and cationic dyestuffs (in the case of an article made of differentially dyeable nylon yarns) or with acid dyestuffs (in the case of an article made of acid-dyeable nylon yarns) .
- the coloring may be accomplished either by dyeing or by screen or spray printing. After coloring, this embodiment of the method comprises the sequential steps of:
- stainblocker composition having a temperature from twenty to ninety-five degrees Celsius (20 to 95 °C) ;
- a broadloom carpet (with the backing thereon) may be cut into pieces to form carpet tiles either before or after it is colored, or after the final drying step.
- the stainblocker composition is applied using a flood process by a flood applicator.
- Broadloom carpets may be transported by any suitable transport mechanism and the stainblocker composition can be applied by any appropriate application device.
- the drying zone of step c) uses infra-red energy to dry the textile article.
- the temperature of the drying zone is in the range from eighty degrees Celsius to eighty-five degrees Celsius (80-85 °C) .
- the stainblocker composition is of the sulphone resole type having nonionic functionality (as is preferred) the stainblocker composition is present between one and one-half percent (1.5%) and six percent (6%), and more preferably, between two percent (2%) and three percent (3%) , based on the weight of the nylon yarns .
- the pH of the stainblocker bath is between six (6) and seven and one-half (7.5).
- the stainblocker composition is of the anionic functionalized type, such as that selected from the group consisting of sulphonated phenol formaldehyde condensate type, maleic acid anhydride type, acrylate dispersions and mixtures thereof, the stainblocker is present between one percent (1%) and five percent (5%) based on the weight of the nylon yarns; and the pH of the stainblocker bath is between two (2) and five (5) .
- the invention is directed an article having a textile surface formed from at least two types of dyeable nylon yarns. At least one type of nylon yarn is dyeable by an acid dyestuff and at least one other type of nylon yarn is dyeable by a cationic dyestuff.
- the textile surface of the article is coated with a stainblocker composition such that the textile surface has a stain resistance of 9 or higher on the AATCC Red 40 Stain Scale.
- the article takes the form of a pile surface structure wherein the textile surface is defined by a plurality of upstanding pile elements formed from the two types of dyeable nylon yarns . Substantially the entire height of each pile element is coated with the stainblocker composition.
- the dyeable nylon yarns may be bulked continuous filament yarns or staple spun yarns.
- the pile elements may be formed in such a way that each pile element includes both a nylon yarn dyeable by an acid dyestuff and a nylon yarn dyeable by a cationic dyestuff.
- the pile elements may be formed such that at least some of the pile elements are formed from a nylon yarn dyeable by an acid dyestuff and at least others of the pile elements are formed from a nylon yarn dyeable by a cationic dyestuff.
- Figure 1 is a side view of a pile surface structure in accordance with the present invention.
- Figures 2A and 2B are respective schematic representations of the steps of methods for treating an article having a textile surface with a stainblocker in accordance with the present invention, wherein the representation ( Figure 2A) of the "hot shock” process of one embodiment of the present invention extends along the upper edge of the drawing sheet, while the representation ( Figure 2B) of the "infra-red” process of another embodiment of the present invention extends along the lower edge of the drawing sheet; and,
- Figure 3 is a block diagram representation of a conventional method for applying a stainblocker composition to a textile surface made of non-differentially dyeable yarns;
- Figures 4A and 4B are respective schematic representations of the steps of methods for treating an article having a textile surface with a stainblocker in accordance with the present invention, wherein the steps of the "hot shock” process ( Figure 4A) of one embodiment of the present invention extend along the left hand side of the drawing sheet, while the steps of the "infra-red” process ( Figure 4B) of another embodiment of the present invention extend along the right hand side of the drawing sheet.
- the present invention is broadly directed to methods for applying a stainblocker composition to any article having a textile surface to impart stain resistance thereto and to articles produced thereby.
- the textile surface may be one that is formed from at least two types of dyeable nylon yarns. At least one type of nylon yarn is dyeable by acid dyestuffs and at least one other type of nylon yarn is dyeable by cationic ("cat") dyestuffs.
- a textile surface that contains yarns having at least two different dyeabilities, such as cationic dyeable yarn and acid dyeable yarn, is termed
- the textile surface may be “acid-dyeable", that is, a surface that is formed only from nylon yarns that are dyeable using acid dyestuffs .
- the textile surface of the article is coated with a stainblocker composition such that the textile surface has a stain resistance of 9 or higher on the AATCC Red 40 Stain Scale.
- FIG. 1 The most preferred form of an article 10 in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in Figure 1.
- the article 10 is embodied by a carpet 10C whose textile surface 12 is defined by a plurality of upstanding pile elements 12P.
- the pile elements 12P extend above a backing 14.
- the carpet 10C may be a full broadloom size, or (once the backing is applied) may be cut into the form of "carpet tiles".
- “carpet tiles” are, in the typical case, generally square pieces of carpet having dimensions on the order of fifty-by- fifty centimeters (50 x 50 cm.) . Of course, tiles may take other shapes and exhibit any desired range of sizes.
- substantially the entire height 12H of each pile element 12P has a coating 16 of a stainblocker composition thereon. It should be noted that although in practice the coating 16 of stainblocker composition would be invisible, for purposes of illustration the presence of the coating 16 is represented in Figure 1 by relatively bold lines on the contours of the pile elements 12P.
- the carpet 10C is hereinafter be referred to as a "pile surface structure" .
- This nomenclature serves to distinguish the illustrated pile surface structure 10C from alternative forms of carpet structures in which the textile surface is defined by a textile fabric.
- These alternative forms of carpet structures also lie within the contemplation of the invention.
- An example of one such alternative form of carpet structure is the carpet disclosed in International Publication WO 97/01665 (Vinod) .
- the pile elements 12P defining the textile surface of the pile surface structure 10C may be either cut pile (as illustrated in the right hand portion of Figure 1) or loop pile (as illustrated in the left hand portion of Figure 1) .
- the pile elements 12P may be produced by any suitable known carpet forming process, such as tufting, weaving or knitting. In the case of a differentially dyeable pile surface structure, each pile element 12P, however produced, may be comprised entirely of either acid dyeable nylon yarns or cat dyeable nylon yarns. Alternately, each pile element 12P may comprise a combination of both acid dyeable nylon yarns or cat dyeable nylon yarns.
- the nylon material may be nylon 6,6 or nylon 6 or any of the various copolymers thereof.
- the yarn is either a bulked continuous filament yarn or a staple spun yarn.
- each pile element 12P in the pile surface structure IOC is formed only from nylon yarns that are dyeable using acid-dye.
- the backing 14 for the pile surface structure IOC may be implemented using any convenient materials.
- a preferred backing construction is a synthetic latex/chalk filler compound .
- a first embodiment of the method of the present invention termed the "hot shock" process, by which the pile surface structure IOC (or the textile surface of any article) is treated with a stainblocker composition will now be described in connection with the schematic representation of Figure 2A and the corresponding block diagram representation of Figure 4A.
- This embodiment of the process of the present invention is implemented in a continuous, as opposed to batch- wise, manner.
- the undyed pile surface structure 10C is dyed in a dye bath 20 containing both cationic dyestuffs and acid dyestuffs.
- the cat dyeable nylon yarns and the acid dyeable nylon yarns that form the pile elements 12P are each colored by the appropriate dyestuff so that both types of yarns may contribute to the visual aesthetic properties of the pile surface structure IOC.
- the process conditions for the dye bath 20 are suitable for the dyes chosen for use.
- Some commercially available acid dyes that may be suitable for use in the dye bath 20 include those sold by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc., Basel, Switzerland, under the trademark Tectilon; by DyStar Textilmaschine, Leverkusen, Germany under the trademark Telon; by Clariant (Switzerland) Ltd., Basel, Switzerland under the trademark Nylosan; and by Crompton & Knowles, Charlotte, North Carolina, under the trademark Nylanthren.
- Some commercially available cationic dyes that may be suitable for use in the dye bath 20 include those sold by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc., Basel, Switzerland, under the trademark Maxilon; by DyStar Textilmaschine, Leverkusen, Germany, under the trademark Astrazon; by Clariant (Switzerland) Ltd., Basel, Switzerland, under the trademark Sandocryl ; and by Crompton & Knowles, Charlotte, North Carolina, under the trademark Sevron.
- the pile surface structure 10C passes through a cold water rinsing step 21 and a hydroextraction step 22 to remove residual dyes and chemicals. Any conventional arrangement for suctioning liquid from a carpet may be used to perform the hydroextraction step. Both these steps are similar to corresponding steps of the continuous process of the prior art. If dyeing of the pile surface structure occurs at an earlier time, the pile surface structure must be prewet (as at the water rinsing step 21) and the water extracted (as at step 22) before the stainblocker is applied. After hydroextraction the pile surface structure 10C passes through a hot aqueous liquid treatment bath 24 containing a stainblocker composition and a surfactant.
- the temperature of the hot treatment bath 24 is in the range from about seventy to about ninety-five degrees Celsius (70 to 95 °C) . More preferably, the temperature is in the range from about eighty to about ninety degrees Celsius (80 to 90 °C) .
- the temperature of the hot bath 24 is maintained by direct or indirect heating with automatic control.
- a suitable system useful for the application step 24 is that manufactured under the name "hot shock applicator” by Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG, Krefeld, Germany, comprising a low volume dip trough and a steam-supplied plate heat exchanger with electronic temperature control .
- the pile surface structure 10C should remain in the bath 24 for a residence time in the range from about five (5) to about thirty (30) seconds, and more preferably, in the range from about ten (10) to about fifteen (15) seconds.
- stainblocker compositions themselves, sulphone resole type stainblocker compositions with nonionic functionality (in the appropriate weight percentages and with appropriate pH adjustment) are preferred.
- Anionic functionalized type stainblocker compositions (also in the appropriate weight percentages and with appropriate pH adjustment) may also be used.
- the pH of the treatment bath may be adjusted by known acid donor additives such as acetic acid, citric acid and sulfamic acid.
- Preferred surfactants again include appropriate amounts of an alkylated diphenyl oxide disulfonate sodium salt, alone or in combination with an alkylnaphtalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt.
- the stainblocker composition is of the sulphone resole type having nonionic functionality
- the stainblocker composition is present between four percent (4%) and six percent (6%) based on the weight of the nylon yarns, and the pH of the stainblocker bath is between six (6) and seven and one-half (7.5) .
- the pile surface structure IOC After exiting the hot treatment bath 24 excess water is removed from the pile surface structure IOC. To this end the pile surface structure IOC passes through a pair of nip rolls 26. Preferably, the rolls 26 adjust the wet pick-up of the pile surface structure IOC to between two hundred percent (200%) and six hundred percent (600%) and more preferably, to about three hundred percent (300%) .
- the pressure between the nip rolls 26 may be varied in order to find the optimal wet pick-up for a given carpet construction and process. Expedients other than nip rolls may be used to remove the excess moisture.
- the pile surface structure 10C passes through an ambient temperature zone 28 in which the pile surface structure 10C cools toward the ambient air temperature.
- the pile surface structure 10C remains in the cooling zone 28 for between twenty (20) to one hundred twenty (120) seconds, and more preferably, between twenty (20) to forty (40) seconds. It should be noted that in accordance with this invention the pile surface structure 10C is not subjected to a steaming step, as in the prior art continuous process .
- the pile surface structure 10C After undergoing treatment in the hot bath 24 and cooling in the air cooling zone the pile surface structure 10C is subjected to the conventional finishing steps normally used in the continuous immersion process of the prior art . Such finishing steps would include a suction operation 30, a cold water rinse operation 32, and another suction operation 34. Finally, the pile surface structure 10C is dried in an oven 36 and collected by a take-up roll 38.
- EXAMPLES 1-3 Test Methods The following test methods were used in the Examples 1-3 below to measure carpet samples made according to the "hot shock" embodiment of the invention as well as control samples for stain resistance, color stability and dyelightfastness .
- the staining agent is a ninety (90) gram per thousand (1000) cc water solution of cherry-flavored, sugar-sweetened Kool-Aid ® soft drink. The solution is permitted to reach room temperature (22 ⁇ 2 °C) before use.
- An alternative staining agent is a solution containing 0.1 gram/liter FD&C Food Red 40 dyestuff, one (1) gram/liter citric acid, and ten (10) gram/liter sugar.
- Equipment A specially designed impact tester is used to apply the staining agent to the specimens under test. The impact tester comprises a cylinder (of plastic or glass) that is 28 cm high with a 6.5 cm inside diameter.
- a massive piston nine (9) cm in length weighing four hundred (400) grams is received on the inside of the cylinder.
- the piston is made from a plastic material (PVC or PTFE) .
- the piston is vertically movable within the cylinder by a bolt fitted to the piston.
- the bolt projects through a four (4) mm vertical slot in the cylinder.
- a small (seven (7) mm diameter) hole is drilled through the cylinder two cm from the bottom for injecting staining agent.
- Test samples measuring ten (10) cm square, are cut from each pile surface structure under test. The impact tester is centered on each sample and the plastic piston lifted and fixed in position by the bolt in the slot.
- a syringe twenty (20) cc of the staining agent is injected through the small hole over the surface of the sample.
- the plastic piston is released and drops freely onto the carpet sample .
- the impact corresponds to the impact of a cup of liquid falling from the table height [eighty (80) cm] .
- the impact tester is removed and the sample is left, undisturbed, in a horizontal position for twenty-four (24 ⁇ 4) hours. Without damaging the pile, the sample is rinsed thoroughly with tap water at about twenty degrees Celsius (20 °C) , centrifuged to remove any excess water and dried in a forced air oven at maximum of seventy-five degrees Celsius (75 °C) .
- Each sample is evaluated for staining, using the AATCC Red 40 Stain Scale. According to this scale stains are rated on a scale of 1 to 10, with "1" designating heavy staining and "10" designating no staining. A sample receiving a rating of "9" is considered to have acceptable stain resistance.
- This test is substantially identical to the Kool-Aid® soft drink test, except that the staining agent is a twenty gram per liter (20 g/1) solution of an instant coffee (e.g. Nescafe® Gold coffee, with no additives such as milk, cream or sugar) at a temperature of sixty degrees Celsius (60 °C) .
- an instant coffee e.g. Nescafe® Gold coffee, with no additives such as milk, cream or sugar
- Color Measurement Color measurements were made using the international standard color measurement method promulgated by "Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage” (Paris, France), (International Society for Illumination/Lighting), (“CIE”) using standard color coordinates of both the CIELAB L*a*b* and the CIELAB L*C*h color space: "L” designates the lightness coordinate; “a” designates the red/green coordinate (+a indicating red, -a indicating green) ; “b” designates the yellow/blue coordinate (+b indicating yellow, -b indicating blue) ; and “C” designates the chroma coordinate, the perpendicular distance from the lightness axis (more distance indicating more chroma) .
- CIE Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage
- Dyefastness Dyelightfastness is measured according to standardized test method DIN 54004 (ISO 105 B02) . This method is based on scale of 1 to 8, according to standardized "bluescale" of eight different blue wool dyestuffs, dyed on a wool fabric, which are joint into the light exposure process together with the test specimen (1-very poor, 8-very high lightfastness) .
- EXAMPLES 1-3 The pile surface structure in Example 1 and Controls la-lc were a loop construction containing three different filament yarn types having regular cationic, light cationic and deep acid dyeabilities. The deep acid dyeable yarns were dyed green. The regular and light cationic dyeable yarns were dyed orange in two color steps .
- Control la was treated by conventional batch-wise winch/beck process.
- Control lb was treated by conventional continuous application.
- Control lc is an untreated control carpet.
- Example 1 was treated by the method of the present invention. The temperature of bath was eighty-five degrees Celsius (85 °C) , the residence time of the article in the bath was ten (10) seconds, and the time in the ambient temperature zone was thirty (30) seconds.
- Example 1 and Controls la-lb the stainblocker composition was ZELAN ® 8236 (DuPont) and the surfactant used was ZELAN ® 50 (DuPont) .
- the stainblocker composition was applied at 5.5% of pile weight and pH values were adjusted with acetic acid.
- Control la was treated for twenty minutes at pH 6.8 and at a temperature of 75°C.
- Control lb was treated at pH 6.8 and steamed afterwards. The wet pick-up was 400%.
- Example 1 was treated as described above at a pH of 6.8. Control lc was not treated in order to compare color stability and dyelightfastness .
- Example 1 and Controls la-lb were water rinsed, hydroextracted and dried. After dyeing, Example 1 and Controls la-lb were each tested for color stability and dyelightfastness by the test methods described above. The results are reported in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1 Example 1 shows smallest deviation in color saturation (C* values) . Also, the dyelightfastness resulting from each application method was good. TABLE 1
- Example 2 and Controls 2a-2c The pile surface structure in Example 2 and Controls 2a-2c was a velour construction containing four different filament nylon yarn types having regular acid, extra deep acid, regular cationic and light cationic dyeabilities. The pile surface structure was dyed to grey and orange colors. The regular acid dyeable yarn was light gray, the extra deep acid dyeable yarn was dark gray, the regular cationic dyeable yarn was dark orange, and the light cationic dyeable yarn was light orange.
- Example 2 and Controls 2a-2c were performed exactly as Example 1 and Controls la-lc. After dyeing, the carpet sample pieces were each tested for stain resistance using both the Kool-Aid® soft drink stain resistance test and the coffee stain resistance test. The results are reported in Table 2. The results show little difference between the samples, also the stain resist properties of Example 2 are the best overall.
- Example 3 and Controls 3a-3c These examples demonstrated the application of stainblocker compositions on cationic dyeable nylon carpets.
- Example 3 and Controls 3a-3c were performed exactly as Example 1 and Controls la-lc.
- the pile surface structure was a velour construction of one hundred percent cationic dyeable nylon yarn.
- the carpet was orange in color.
- the samples were each tested for color stability and dyelightfastness by the test methods described above. The results are reported in Table 3. These results demonstrate the small deviation in color saturation of the hot-shock treated carpet sample piece (compare Controls 3a, 3b and Example 3 to Control 3c) . Also these results showed improved dyelightf stness of hot shock treated carpet sample piece Example 3c compared to Examples 3a and 3b.
- Example 1 and Example 3 showed the smallest measured color deviation from the untreated control samples. Also in Example 2, where only a visual rating was feasible, the sample treated according to the above-described method showed the smallest color change from the control color.
- the stainblocker composition using a bath having a temperature and with dwell times in accordance with the "hot shock" embodiment of the present invention resulted in the lowest and still acceptable color change on the cationic dyeable yarn components. This is believed to be the first industry applicable method to treat nylon differential dye carpets with stainblocker chemicals without unacceptable color loss on the cationic dyeable yarn. In all cases good stainblocking results were received. The dyelightfastness results were even one-half (1/2) to one (1) note better than after standard application methods. -o-o-o-o-
- the dye bath contains a mixture of both acid dyestuffs and cationic dyestuffs.
- the acid dyeable nylon yarns and the cat dyeable nylon yarns that form the pile elements are each colored by the appropriate dyestuff so that both types of yarns may contribute to the visual aesthetic properties of the pile surface structure.
- the dye bath contains only acid dyestuffs and the acid-dyeable nylon yarns that form the pile elements are appropriately colored by that dyestuff.
- the process conditions for the dye bath are suitable for the dyes chosen for use.
- Some commercially available acid dyes that may be suitable for use in the dye bath include those sold by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc., Basel, Switzerland, under the trademark Tectilon; by DyStar Textilmaschine, Leverkusen, Germany under the trademark Telon; by Clariant (Switzerland) Ltd., Basel, Switzerland under the trademark Nylosan; and by Yorkshire Chemicals, Leeds, UK, under the trademark Nylanthren.
- Some commercially available cationic dyes that may be suitable for use in the dye bath include those sold by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc., Basel, Switzerland, under the trademark Maxilon; by DyStar
- the pile surface structure IOC After dyeing, if the pile surface structure IOC remains in a broadloom form it is conveyed through the stainblocker application process using a suitable guiding devices typically used in the art. However, it should be understood that it lies within the contemplation of the invention to cut the broadloom carpet (assuming that it is provided with a backing) into tiles before entering the stainblocker application process. To this end devices for backing and cutting the carpet are diagrammatically indicated in the dashed-line path shown in Figure 2B. It also lies within the contemplation of the invention to cut the broadloom (with backing) into the form of tiles prior to dyeing. If the pile surface structure 10C is cut into tiles (either before or after coloring) the tiles are advanced through the stainblocker application process using any commercially available transport belt conveyor .
- the dyed pile surface structure 10C passes through a cold water rinsing step 21 and a hydroextraction step 22 to remove residual dyes and chemicals.
- Any conventional arrangement for suctioning liquid from a carpet may be used to perform the suctioning step. Both these steps are similar to corresponding steps of the conventional continuous process. If coloring of the pile surface structure occurs at an earlier time, the pile surface structure must be prewet (as at the water rinsing step 21) and the water extracted (as at step 22) before the stainblocker is applied. After suctioning the pile surface structure passes through an application device 24 ' where a stainblocker composition (with a surfactant, if used) is applied.
- the temperature of the stainblocker composition is in the range from about twenty to about ninety-five degrees Celsius (20 to 95 °C) . More preferably, the temperature is in the range from about twenty to about twenty-five degrees Celsius (20 to 25 °C) .
- a suitable system useful for the application step 24' is a flood applicator such as that manufactured by Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG, Krefeld, Germany ("Kuesters").
- flood applicator it is meant that a running line of dyed carpet tiles is passed through a "gutter” that contains the stainblocker composition. A calculated amount of stainblocker composition is applied continuously by the "waterfall/weir" principle onto the carpet.
- the stainblocker composition can be applied by any appropriate application device, such as: a dip trough (with nip rolls at the delivery end) ; a flood applicator; a foam applicator; the device manufactured by Kuesters and sold as "Flexnip”; or, the device manufactured by Kuesters and sold as "Fluidyer” .
- the speed of the transport mechanism controls the time during which the pile surface structure is within the bath. For broadloom carpet, transport speed in the range from eight to fifteen (8 to 15) meters per minute is sufficient to keep the broadloom carpet within the bath for an appropriate period of time.
- stainblocker compositions themselves, sulphone resole type stainblocker compositions with nonionic functionality (in the appropriate weight percentages and with appropriate pH adjustment) are preferred. Anionic functionalized type stainblocker compositions (also in the appropriate weight percentages and with appropriate pH adjustment) may also be used.
- pH of the treatment bath may be adjusted by known acid donor additives such as acetic acid, citric acid and sulfamic acid.
- Preferred surfactants again include appropriate amounts of an alkylated diphenyl oxide disulfonate sodium salt, alone or in combination with an alkylnaphtalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt.
- the stainblocker composition is of the sulphone resole type having nonionic functionality
- the stainblocker composition is present between one and one-half percent (1.5%) and six percent (6%) based on the weight of the nylon yarns, and the pH of the stainblocker bath is between six (6) and seven and one-half (7.5).
- the pile surface structure (either broadloom or tiles) is passed through a drying zone 28'.
- the drying zone 28' is defined within a heating device.
- the temperature within the drying zone is in the range from seventy-five degrees Celsius to ninety-five degrees Celsius (75-95 °C) . More preferably, the temperature within the drying zone is in the range from eighty to eighty-five degrees Celsius (80-85 °C) .
- the stainblocker composition is allowed to react with the nylon yarn in the textile surface.
- the pile surface structure is heated to the temperature of the drying zone [i.e., in the range from seventy-five degrees Celsius to ninety-five degrees Celsius (75-95 °C) , and more preferably, in the range from eighty to eighty-five degrees Celsius (80-85 °C) ] that the fiber structure becomes very open and the stainblocker is allowed to react with the fiber.
- the pile surface structure should remain in this temperature environment for a time sufficient to permit the stainblocker to enter into and react with the nylon yarn in the textile surface, without the dye bleeding from the fiber.
- the time required for the pile surface structure to reach this temperature depends upon the temperature of the stainblocker composition bath and the speed of the pile surface structure through the process. For typical stainblocker temperatures and transport speeds this residence time is in the range from about five (5) to about twenty (20) seconds, and more preferably, in the range from about ten (10) to about fifteen (15) seconds.
- infra-red energy is used to raise the temperature of the carpet in the drying zone.
- Suitable for use as the heating device within which the drying zone is defined is an infra-red oven such as that manufactured by Babcock Textilmaschinen GmbH, Seevetal , Germany; Bruecknernertechnik GmbH and Co., KG, Leonberg, Germany; or Fleissner GmbH and Co., Egelsbach, Germany.
- the pile surface structure is not subjected to a steaming step where bleeding of cationic dyestuff from the cat dyeable yarn would occur, as in the conventional continuous process.
- the pile surface structure After undergoing treatment in the application device 24' and drying in the heating device 28' the pile surface structure is subjected to the conventional finishing steps normally used in the continuous process. Such finishing steps would include a cold water rinse operation 32 and a suction operations 34. A suction operation before the cold rinse could also be performed. Finally, the pile surface structure is dried in a drying oven 36 and suitably collected, as by a take-up roll (in the case of a broadloom carpet) or a collection bin (in the case of carpet tiles) . The take-up or collection bin is not illustrated in Figure 2B.
- TEST METHODS The same Test Methods as were used in connection with Examples 1 through 3 were used in the Examples 4 and 5 below to measure carpet samples made according to the "infra-red" embodiment of the invention as well as control samples for stain resistance, color stability and dyelightfastness .
- Examples 4a-4c were performed to demonstrate the invention on overprinted carpet tiles.
- the carpet tiles were made of acid dyeable yarn.
- the stainblocker was ZELAN ® 8236 and the surfactant ZELAN ® 50.
- the amount of ZELAN ® 8236 was 5.0% of pile weight, the wet pickup was 400%. pH values were adjusted with citric acid to 6.3.
- the stainblocker composition was applied by flood process at a temperature of seventy-six degrees Celsius (76 °C) .
- the tiles were cured for ten (10) seconds at eighty degrees Celsius (80 °C) in an infra-red heater.
- the residual moisture after printing was forty percent (40%) .
- Example la was one hundred percent (100%) overprinted before treating with the stainblocker composition.
- Example lb was forty percent (40%) overprinted and
- Example lc was an un-overprinted control carpet. After treating the tile sample pieces 4a-4c were water rinsed, extracted and dried.
- Examples 5a-5d were performed to demonstrate the invention on differentially dyeable nylon carpets.
- the carpet in Examples 5a-5d was a loop construction containing three different filament yarn types having deep acid, regular cationic, and light cationic dyeabilities.
- the carpet was of blue (acid dyeable yarn) and orange (cationic dyeable yarn) color.
- Example 5a was treated by conventional winch/beck process.
- Example 5b was treated by conventional continuous application.
- Example 5c was treated by the infrared process of the present invention.
- Example 5d was an untreated control carpet.
- ZELAN ® 8236 (DuPont) as stainblocker and ZELAN ® 50 (DuPont) as surfactant were used.
- the amount of ZELAN ® 8236 was 5.5% and in Example 5c the amount of ZELAN ® 8236 was 3.0% of carpet pile weight. pH values were adjusted with acetic acid.
- Example 5a was treated for twenty minutes at pH 6.8 and at a temperature of seventy-five degrees Celsius (75 °C) .
- Example 2b was treated at pH 6.8 and steamed afterwards. The wet pick-up was 450%.
- Example 2c was treated as described above at a pH of 6.8.
- Example 2d was treated in order to compare stainblocking performance, color stability and dyelightfastnesses .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Carpets (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MXPA02000210A MXPA02000210A (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2000-07-07 | A method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby. |
BR0012348-0A BR0012348A (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2000-07-07 | Method of treating the textile surface of an article and article |
CA2378676A CA2378676C (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2000-07-07 | A method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby |
JP2001509799A JP2003504531A (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2000-07-07 | Method for imparting stain resistance to fiber surfaces having different dyeing properties and articles produced thereby |
NZ516745A NZ516745A (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2000-07-07 | A method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby |
AU59203/00A AU777574B2 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2000-07-07 | A method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby |
US10/038,035 US6852134B2 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2002-01-02 | Method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby |
US10/038,404 US6811574B2 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-02 | Method of after-treatment of a dyeable nylon textile surface with a stain resist and the article produced thereby |
US10/737,344 US20040123399A1 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2003-12-15 | Method of after-treatment of a dyeable nylon textile surface with a stain resist and the article produced thereby |
US10/737,263 US20040123398A1 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2003-12-15 | Method of imparting stain resistance |
US10/960,498 US20050198743A1 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2004-10-08 | Method of after-treatment of dyeable nylon textile surface with a stain resist and the article produced thereby |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99113269.7 | 1999-07-08 | ||
EP99113269A EP1069233B1 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 1999-07-08 | A method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby |
EP00114226.4 | 2000-07-03 | ||
EP00114226A EP1170414A1 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2000-07-03 | Method of after-treatment of a dyeable nylon textile surface with a stain resist and the article produced thereby |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/038,404 Continuation-In-Part US6811574B2 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-02 | Method of after-treatment of a dyeable nylon textile surface with a stain resist and the article produced thereby |
US10/038,035 Continuation-In-Part US6852134B2 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2002-01-02 | Method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby |
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WO2001004408A1 true WO2001004408A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
WO2001004408A8 WO2001004408A8 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
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PCT/US2000/018589 WO2001004408A1 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2000-07-07 | A method of imparting stain resistance to a differentially dyeable textile surface and the article produced thereby |
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JP (1) | JP2003504531A (en) |
AU (1) | AU777574B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0012348A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2378676C (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA02000210A (en) |
NZ (2) | NZ516745A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001004408A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002029153A2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-11 | Milliken & Company | Process for infrared fixation of aqueous dyes and product thereof |
WO2003062522A1 (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-07-31 | Invista Technologies S.À.R.L. | Iridescent fabrics from polyamide yarns |
WO2020084457A1 (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-04-30 | Invista Textiles (U.K.) Limited | Method and products to impart stain protection |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103628329A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-03-12 | 上海缀菱纺织品有限公司 | Method for dyeing CDP/nylon/PU knitted fabrics |
JP2016073374A (en) * | 2014-10-03 | 2016-05-12 | 東レ株式会社 | Method for producing carpet |
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- 2000-07-07 BR BR0012348-0A patent/BR0012348A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2000-07-07 AU AU59203/00A patent/AU777574B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-07-07 WO PCT/US2000/018589 patent/WO2001004408A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-07-07 NZ NZ530205A patent/NZ530205A/en unknown
- 2000-07-07 MX MXPA02000210A patent/MXPA02000210A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-07-07 CA CA2378676A patent/CA2378676C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU777574B2 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
CA2378676C (en) | 2010-10-19 |
NZ530205A (en) | 2005-06-24 |
NZ516745A (en) | 2004-04-30 |
BR0012348A (en) | 2002-03-26 |
CA2378676A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
MXPA02000210A (en) | 2002-07-30 |
AU5920300A (en) | 2001-01-30 |
JP2003504531A (en) | 2003-02-04 |
WO2001004408A8 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
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