WO2000069007A1 - Fuel cell and membrane - Google Patents
Fuel cell and membrane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000069007A1 WO2000069007A1 PCT/US2000/012510 US0012510W WO0069007A1 WO 2000069007 A1 WO2000069007 A1 WO 2000069007A1 US 0012510 W US0012510 W US 0012510W WO 0069007 A1 WO0069007 A1 WO 0069007A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- silicon
- substrate
- membrane
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title description 123
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 105
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 66
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 57
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 54
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 16
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 9
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- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
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- VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl methylphosphonate Chemical compound COP(C)(=O)OC VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010013496 Disturbance in attention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000208967 Polygala cruciata Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000078 germane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8807—Gas diffusion layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2418—Grouping by arranging unit cells in a plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/0071—Oxides
- H01M2300/0074—Ion conductive at high temperature
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M2300/0094—Composites in the form of layered products, e.g. coatings
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1097—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
- H01M8/1253—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing zirconium oxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020017014171A KR20020012214A (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2000-05-05 | Fuel cell and membrane |
JP2000617506A JP2002544649A (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2000-05-05 | Fuel cells and membranes |
CA002370899A CA2370899A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2000-05-05 | Fuel cell and membrane |
EP00932169A EP1190460A4 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2000-05-05 | Fuel cell and membrane |
AU49932/00A AU4993200A (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2000-05-05 | Fuel cell and membrane |
US10/017,140 US6841290B2 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2001-10-30 | Fuel cell and membrane |
US10/056,736 US6890677B2 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2002-01-24 | Fuel cell and membrane |
HK02105342.2A HK1043878A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2002-07-19 | Fuel cell and membrane |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13290999P | 1999-05-06 | 1999-05-06 | |
US60/132,909 | 1999-05-06 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/017,140 Continuation US6841290B2 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2001-10-30 | Fuel cell and membrane |
US10/056,736 Continuation-In-Part US6890677B2 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2002-01-24 | Fuel cell and membrane |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2000069007A1 true WO2000069007A1 (en) | 2000-11-16 |
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PCT/US2000/012510 WO2000069007A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2000-05-05 | Fuel cell and membrane |
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US (1) | US6841290B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1190460A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002544649A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20020012214A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1349670A (en) |
AU (1) | AU4993200A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2370899A1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1043878A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000069007A1 (en) |
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KR20020012214A (en) | 2002-02-15 |
CA2370899A1 (en) | 2000-11-16 |
US20020122972A1 (en) | 2002-09-05 |
AU4993200A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
JP2002544649A (en) | 2002-12-24 |
EP1190460A1 (en) | 2002-03-27 |
US6841290B2 (en) | 2005-01-11 |
HK1043878A1 (en) | 2002-09-27 |
EP1190460A4 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
CN1349670A (en) | 2002-05-15 |
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