WO2000036164A1 - Wear resistant dimensionally stable bearing component for high temperature applications - Google Patents

Wear resistant dimensionally stable bearing component for high temperature applications Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000036164A1
WO2000036164A1 PCT/NL1999/000762 NL9900762W WO0036164A1 WO 2000036164 A1 WO2000036164 A1 WO 2000036164A1 NL 9900762 W NL9900762 W NL 9900762W WO 0036164 A1 WO0036164 A1 WO 0036164A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
steel
stabilisation
treatment
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL1999/000762
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Aidan Michael Kerrigan
Hans Ingemar Strandell
Original Assignee
Skf Engineering And Research Centre B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Skf Engineering And Research Centre B.V. filed Critical Skf Engineering And Research Centre B.V.
Priority to AU16974/00A priority Critical patent/AU1697400A/en
Publication of WO2000036164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000036164A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/80—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/002—Bainite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/003—Cementite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating a steel, wherein the starting material comprises: carbon 0.90 - 1.10 % by weight silicon ⁇ 0.70 % by weight manganese 0.25 - 1.20 % by weight chromium 1-30 - 1-95 % by weight nickel ⁇ 0.25 % by weight molybdenum ⁇ 0.25 % by weight, said starting material being subjected to carbonitridin followed by quenching.
  • Such a method is known f om EP 0 626 468 Al .
  • Components made from such steel can e.g. be used for parts of roller bearings.
  • the subject invention is not restricted to such a use.
  • the steel as described above has a satisfying surface hardness for applications, such as in roller bearings for use up to 1 5"C.
  • this component is used for high temperature appl i cations (200- 350°C) it is not sufficient dimensionally stable.
  • the invention aims to provide a method for improving the dimensional stability of the steel described above whilst having satisfactory hardness.
  • rehardening is effected after quenching and before the above stabilisation treatment.
  • the stabilisation treatment is adapted. For example, if a steel has been used at temperatures up to 200°C the stabilisation temperature is effected typically at 24 ⁇ °C. If the temperature of use is up to 250°C stabilisation is typically at 290°C. If the application temperature is up to 300°C its stabilisation will be at around 34 ⁇ "C whilst if the use is at 350°C at maximum the stabilisation temperature is typically 390°C.
  • the surface layer which is carbonitrided, will after this treatment consist of a martensite (and bainite) strengthened by the addition of carbon and nitrogen and also contains a large volume fraction of enlarged carbides. There is no substantial retained austenite ( ⁇ % by volume).
  • Carbonitriding is preferably effected with the method as described in EP- 0 626 468 Al .
  • stabilisation treatment according to the invention gives an increase in surface hardness of 2-3 HRc and also results in an increased bearing service life in conditions of particle contami- nated lubrication.
  • This steel was subjected to a carboni- triding treatment as described in EP 0 626 468 Al .
  • the temperature of this carbonitriding treatment was 800-900°C and t e treatment time was somewhat longer than 10 or 24 hours.
  • the carbon potential was 0,9 - 1,0 and the nitrogen potential 0,1-0,5%.
  • Rehardening was effected at the temperature of 84 ⁇ -870°C during 20-120 minutes depending on the size of the related part.
  • 'Tl' stabilising is typically at 24 ⁇ °C for application temperatures up to 200°C;
  • 'T2' stabilising is typically at 290°C for application temperatures up to 200°C;
  • 'T3' stabilising is typically at 34 ⁇ °C for application temperatures up to 200°C;
  • 'T4' stabilising is typically at 390°C for application temperatures up to 200°C.
  • the final microstructure comprises less than 5% retained au- stenite by volume enlarged carbides and martensite enriched with carbon and nitrogen (surface layer) .
  • surface layer enriched with carbon and nitrogen

Abstract

Method for producing a steel component to be used at high temperature having a relatively high surface hardness. A high carbon starting material is used comprising about 1 % by weight carbon which is carbonitrided, quenched and rehardened. According to the invention this treatment is followed by a stabilisation treatment of at least 220 °C. Temperature of the stabilisation treatment is dependent on the temperature at which a steel is used later.

Description

Wear resistant dimensionally stable bearing component\ for high temperature applications.
The invention relates to a method for treating a steel, wherein the starting material comprises: carbon 0.90 - 1.10 % by weight silicon < 0.70 % by weight manganese 0.25 - 1.20 % by weight chromium 1-30 - 1-95 % by weight nickel < 0.25 % by weight molybdenum < 0.25 % by weight, said starting material being subjected to carbonitridin followed by quenching.
Such a method is known f om EP 0 626 468 Al . Components made from such steel can e.g. be used for parts of roller bearings. However, the subject invention is not restricted to such a use. The steel as described above has a satisfying surface hardness for applications, such as in roller bearings for use up to 1 5"C. However, if this component is used for high temperature appl i cations (200- 350°C) it is not sufficient dimensionally stable.
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the dimensional stability of the steel described above whilst having satisfactory hardness.
According to the invention this aims is realised with the method as described above in that after rehardening, the steel is subjected to a stabilisation treatment on at least 220"(; during 2-6 hours.
According to a preferred embodiment of t e invention rehardening is effected after quenching and before the above stabilisation treatment.
Starting from the steel as described above carbon i triding will produce relatively large carbides in the surface. In addition to these carbides there is also a substantial percentage of retained austenite in the surface as is described in EP 0 626 '|(>8 (10-40$ by volume) . Through the stabilisation heat treatment according to the invention this retained austenite is substantially transformed (< % by volume) .
Depending from the later use of the steel the stabilisation treatment is adapted. For example, if a steel has been used at temperatures up to 200°C the stabilisation temperature is effected typically at 24θ°C. If the temperature of use is up to 250°C stabilisation is typically at 290°C. If the application temperature is up to 300°C its stabilisation will be at around 34θ"C whilst if the use is at 350°C at maximum the stabilisation temperature is typically 390°C.
It has been found that the surface layer, which is carbonitrided, will after this treatment consist of a martensite (and bainite) strengthened by the addition of carbon and nitrogen and also contains a large volume fraction of enlarged carbides. There is no substantial retained austenite (< % by volume).
Because of the increased volume fraction of enlarged carbides and the tempering resistance due to the presence of m trogen in the surface, an increased surface hardness of the carboni rided component is obtained.
From the article 'INFLUENCE OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE CARBONITRIDING ON THE STRUCTURE, PHASE COMPOSITION, AND PROPERTIES OF LOW-ALLOY STEELS' of E.L.Gyulikhandanov c.s. in 'Metallovedenie i Termi- cheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, no. 4, pages 10-14, April 1984 carboni- triding of a low carbon steel is known to result in a surface carbon content of 1,25- However, the base material has a much lower carbon content so that the core hardness will be relatively low.
Carbonitriding is preferably effected with the method as described in EP- 0 626 468 Al . Compared with steels for application at elevated temperature and high carbon content it has been found that stabilisation treatment according to the invention gives an increase in surface hardness of 2-3 HRc and also results in an increased bearing service life in conditions of particle contami- nated lubrication.
The invention will be further discussed referring to a preferred example. Starting steel contained 0,95-1.10 by weight C;
0,15 - 0,35 by weight % Si; 1,35 - 1.65 by weight % Cr; 0,25 - 0,45 by weight % Manganese. This steel was subjected to a carboni- triding treatment as described in EP 0 626 468 Al . The temperature of this carbonitriding treatment was 800-900°C and t e treatment time was somewhat longer than 10 or 24 hours. In the furnace atmosphere the carbon potential was 0,9 - 1,0 and the nitrogen potential 0,1-0,5%. Rehardening was effected at the temperature of 84θ-870°C during 20-120 minutes depending on the size of the related part.
Subsequently four different stabilisation treatments were realised according to the invention. This comprises the following steps:
'Tl' stabilising is typically at 24θ°C for application temperatures up to 200°C;
'T2' stabilising is typically at 290°C for application temperatures up to 200°C; 'T3' stabilising is typically at 34θ°C for application temperatures up to 200°C;
'T4' stabilising is typically at 390°C for application temperatures up to 200°C.
The final microstructure comprises less than 5% retained au- stenite by volume enlarged carbides and martensite enriched with carbon and nitrogen (surface layer) . In the graph hardness values are plotted against the depth.
From this graph it is clear that the surface hardness is considerable which makes this wear resistant dimensionally stable steel component attractive for bearing components to be used for high temperature applications, such as paper mills, continuous casters and hot rolling mills.
Although in the graph and in the example discrete temperature values are given for the stabilisation treatment, in industrial processes in factories, there is a range of temperature for each stabilisation class such that the actual temperatures used may vary between 220°C and 4l0°C in practice. It will be clear for the person in the art that for other applications stabilisation might be effected on a temperature which will be intermediate between what has been described above and is within the range of t.he enclosed claims .

Claims

C 1 a i m s.
1. Method for treating a steel, wherein the starting material comprises : carbon 0.90 - 1.10 % by weight silicon < 0.70 % by weight manganese 0.25 - 1.20 % by weight chromium 1.30 - 1.95 % by weight nickel < 0.25 % by weight molybdenum ≤ 0.25 % by weight said starting material being subjected to carbonitriding followed by quenching, characterised in that, after quenching the steel is subjected to a stabilisation treatment on at least 220°C during about 2-6 hours.
2. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising rehardening after quenching and before the stabilisation treatment.
3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said stabilisation treatment is effected on at least 28θ"C.
4. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said stabilisation treatment is effected on at least 330°C.
5- Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said stabilisation treatment is effected on at least 3δ0°C.
6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein rehardening is conducted at 84θ-870°C during 20-120 minutes.
7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the starting steel comprises:
0,95 - 1.10 % by weight C;
0,15 - 0,35 % by weight Si;
1,35 - 1.65 % by weight Cr;
0,25 - 0,45 % by weight Mn.
8. Steel comprising 0.75 - 1.1% by weight of C; up to 1.0% by weight of Si; less than 0.015% by weight of P; up to () . '>% by weight of Mo; up to 1.2% by weight of Mn; 0.5 - 2% weight of Cr, the remainder being Fe, being produced with the method according to one of the preceding claims wherein the surface layer comprises martensite, possibly bainite, carbon and nitrogen as well as enlarged carbides and less than 5 vol. % retained austenite.
PCT/NL1999/000762 1998-12-11 1999-12-13 Wear resistant dimensionally stable bearing component for high temperature applications WO2000036164A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU16974/00A AU1697400A (en) 1998-12-11 1999-12-13 Wear resistant dimensionally stable bearing component for high temperature applications

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1010795A NL1010795C2 (en) 1998-12-11 1998-12-11 Abrasion resistant dimensionally stable bearing part for high temperature applications.
NL1010795 1998-12-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000036164A1 true WO2000036164A1 (en) 2000-06-22

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NL (1) NL1010795C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2000036164A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007044950B3 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-01-29 Ab Skf Hardened steel workpiece designed for rolling load and method of heat treatment
US20110073222A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2011-03-31 Ingemar Strandell Heat-Treatment Process for a Steel
CN104540970A (en) * 2012-08-21 2015-04-22 Skf公司 Method for heat treating a steel component and a steel component
CN110139942A (en) * 2016-12-22 2019-08-16 株式会社Posco High hardness wear-resisting steel and its manufacturing method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4191599A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-03-04 Ford Motor Company Method of heat treating high carbon alloy steel parts to develop surface compressive residual stresses
EP0033403A1 (en) * 1980-01-31 1981-08-12 Ford Motor Company Method of treating the surfaces of high carbon steel bodies and bodies of high carbon steel
GB2259714A (en) * 1991-09-19 1993-03-24 Nsk Ltd Ball-and-roller bearing
EP0626468A1 (en) * 1993-05-26 1994-11-30 SKF Industrial Trading &amp; Development Co, B.V. Process for carbonitriding steel
US5672014A (en) * 1994-09-29 1997-09-30 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearings

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4191599A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-03-04 Ford Motor Company Method of heat treating high carbon alloy steel parts to develop surface compressive residual stresses
EP0033403A1 (en) * 1980-01-31 1981-08-12 Ford Motor Company Method of treating the surfaces of high carbon steel bodies and bodies of high carbon steel
GB2259714A (en) * 1991-09-19 1993-03-24 Nsk Ltd Ball-and-roller bearing
EP0626468A1 (en) * 1993-05-26 1994-11-30 SKF Industrial Trading &amp; Development Co, B.V. Process for carbonitriding steel
US5672014A (en) * 1994-09-29 1997-09-30 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearings

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007044950B3 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-01-29 Ab Skf Hardened steel workpiece designed for rolling load and method of heat treatment
EP2045339A1 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-04-08 Ab Skf Workpiece for rolling wear stress made of through hardened steel and method of heat treatment
US8246761B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2012-08-21 Aktiebolaget Skf Workpiece designed for rolling stresses and formed of fully hardening steel, and a heat treatment process therefor
US20110073222A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2011-03-31 Ingemar Strandell Heat-Treatment Process for a Steel
CN104540970A (en) * 2012-08-21 2015-04-22 Skf公司 Method for heat treating a steel component and a steel component
CN110139942A (en) * 2016-12-22 2019-08-16 株式会社Posco High hardness wear-resisting steel and its manufacturing method

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Publication number Publication date
AU1697400A (en) 2000-07-03
NL1010795C2 (en) 2000-06-19

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