WO2000010027A1 - Procede et appareil de surveillance de positions - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de surveillance de positions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000010027A1
WO2000010027A1 PCT/GB1998/002598 GB9802598W WO0010027A1 WO 2000010027 A1 WO2000010027 A1 WO 2000010027A1 GB 9802598 W GB9802598 W GB 9802598W WO 0010027 A1 WO0010027 A1 WO 0010027A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positions
mobile unit
mobile
displaying
displayed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1998/002598
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Wentworth Rayne
Original Assignee
Simoco International Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Simoco International Limited filed Critical Simoco International Limited
Priority to AU88751/98A priority Critical patent/AU8875198A/en
Priority to EP98940423A priority patent/EP1104548A1/fr
Publication of WO2000010027A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000010027A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S5/0018—Transmission from mobile station to base station
    • G01S5/0027—Transmission from mobile station to base station of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S2205/001—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S2205/006—Transmission of position information to remote stations for emergency situations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of and apparatus for monitoring the positions of plural mobile units and in particular to such a method and apparatus for monitoring -the positions of a plurality of members of a search and rescue party.
  • search will be carried out by a plurality of individual searchers whose movements will be coordinated centrally by a search coordinator or controller.
  • the individual searchers and the central search coordinator will usually be in radio communication with each other.
  • the central search coordinator can be kept informed of the searcher's positions by providing each searcher with a position determining device, such as a Global Positioning System (GPS) device, and arranging for each searcher to broadcast their current position, usually periodically, to the control centre using their mobile radio.
  • the current positions of the searchers can then be displayed, e.g. on an electronic map, to assist the search coordinator to organise the search.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • search coordinator at the control centre is only informed of the current positions of the searchers and thus the Applicants have recognised that the search coordinator can only be certain of those positions which the searchers are presently searching.
  • the search coordinator only knows the latest positions of the searchers, he is unable to verify which parts of the search area have already been searched and therefore the search coordinator also is unable clearly to identify any unsearched areas .
  • a method of monitoring the positions of one or more mobile units in which the mobile units periodically and automatically transmit information regarding their current positions to a central control comprising displaying automatically on an electronic display means the latest and previous positions of one or more of the mobile units simultaneously on a map of the area in which the mobile units are located.
  • an apparatus for monitoring the positions of one or more mobile units in which the mobile units automatically periodically transmit information regarding their current positions to the apparatus, comprising: means for receiving from each mobile unit radio signals comprising the position of the mobile unit; means for storing the received position data; and electronic display means for displaying simultaneously the latest and previous received positions of one or more of the mobile units on a map of the area where the mobile units are located.
  • a method of coordinating a search in which plural individual searchers provide periodic updates of their current positions to a search coordinator, comprising simultaneously displaying on an electronic display means the latest and previous position of the searchers on a map of the search area and automatically updating the display with the new position of a searcher as each new position update is received but while still displaying the previous positions of the searcher on the display.
  • the current and historical positions of mobile units or searchers are simultaneously displayed on a map as position data is received.
  • the central controller e.g. search coordinator
  • the central controller can readily determine not only where a mobile unit, e.g. searcher is, but also where they have been.
  • search coordinator can readily determine not only where a mobile unit, e.g. searcher is, but also where they have been.
  • the mobile units could be individual people (e.g. searchers) or groups of people on foot, or they could be vehicles such as cars or trucks, boats, helicopters or aircraft or a combination thereof.
  • the mobile units can determine their positions using any suitable position determining means, such as a GPS system.
  • the mobile units can transmit their positions to the central control or search coordinator using any suitable means and would typically do so via mobile radio units of a mobile radio communications system. This is convenient, since in a search, each searcher or individual team of searchers or vehicle would normally carry a mobile radio for communication with the central control. Radio communication between the mobile units and the central control may be via any suitable conventional transmission technique and may, for example, employ a slotted aloha mechanism in a trunked radio system.
  • a mobile unit or searcher would .typically determine their current location using the position determining means and transmit a data message comprising their current location to the central control using a mobile radio.
  • the position updating is preferably arranged such that each mobile radio unit broadcasts its position automatically to the central control at specified intervals or events.
  • a position update can also be provided automatically on demand, e.g. of the central control .
  • each of the mobile units is transmitted to the central control periodically, most preferably at predetermined regular intervals.
  • the current locations could be transmitted at predetermined regular time intervals.
  • This arrangement is more wasteful of radio time but can provide a display the density of which gives an indication of the rate at which an area has been traversed.
  • the current location could be transmitted each time the mobile unit has moved a predetermined distance.
  • a grid pattern which cris-crosses the area being searched is stored and the current location of the mobile unit is transmitted when it crosses one of the pre-stored grid lines. This latter arrangement provides a neater display.
  • each mobile unit stores a map of the area where it is located and a grid pattern overlying the map and periodically determines its position and transmits its position to the central control whenever it crosses a line of the grid pattern.
  • the transmitted data message preferably also contains the identity of the mobile unit . It may also comprise data representing the time and date at which the position was determined. Alternatively, this time may be provided by the central control (although this would be less desirable where there are likely to be long delays . involved in transmitting and/or queuing the data message) .
  • the central control and apparatus of the present invention store the position data and any other data transmitted such as the identity of the mobile unit, and the time and date of each position measurement.
  • the previous positions of the units are simultaneously displayed (i.e. both the latest and historical positions are displayed together at the same time) .
  • the display should be made in real-time, i.e. the latest positions of the mobile units are displayed contemporaneously and automatically as the position data is received together with the historical positions of the mobile units (i.e. while the historical positions are still displayed) . In this way a direct and immediate indication of the area searched and the searchers' current locations is provided.
  • the latest and previous positions of the mobile units may be represented on the map by appropriate symbols such as, for example, small dots.
  • the representations preferably include the identities of the units (and different units could be distinguished by different symbols) .
  • the present invention includes the step of or means for displaying the latest positions of the mobile units in a different manner to the previous positions, so that the current positions can be quickly and easily distinguished from the previous positions.
  • the current position symbols may be different colours, different shapes or shaded differently (especially if using a monochromatic display) .
  • the symbols representing the current positions may flash on and off and those representing previous positions may continuously remain on the display.
  • the invention includes the step of or means for displaying the previous positions of the mobile units (i.e. in a search and rescue context, the area which has been searched) as a shaded region or regions. Most preferably, at successive updated positions within the displayed area, an area of shade proportional to area visible to the mobile unit (e.g. searcher) at each position is plotted on the display. In this way a shaded region representing the area seen by each searcher can be built up.
  • This arrangement could be adjusted, e.g. in a predetermined manner, according to the sort of search being conducted. For example, a broad-brush search could be plotted in large regions of colour and a finger-tip search could be plotted as smaller regions or dots of colour.
  • the combination of shaded regions produced for each searcher results in a larger shaded region depicting the total area searched.
  • Unsearched areas would be unshaded or represented differently from the searched regions.
  • the symbols used to represent the positions of the searchers are preferably distinguished from the shaded regions so that the searchers can be more easily identified on the display.
  • the symbols (e.g. shading) used on the display to indicate a searched area could be made to change appearance, e.g. grow paler or to change colour, as time elapses, for example, so that a recent search of an area has a stronger colour in comparison and therefore looks 'fresher'. This could be particularly applicable to helicopter searches in which the helicopter may need to repeatedly search the same area in a short space of t ime .
  • the present invention enables the search coordinator to easily and accurately identify the regions within the search area which have been searched. Any unsearched areas would also be clearly visible on the display. As the search coordinator is also informed of the searchers' current locations, he can efficiently direct the searcher (s) nearest to the unsearched area(s) to search those areas, without undue disruption to the main search and without wasting valuable search time or prolonging the search unnecessarily.
  • the number of previous positions displayed can be selected as desired, although plural previous positions would normally be displayed for each mobile unit.
  • all the stored previous positions of the mobile units could be displayed, or only a selected group of the stored positions.
  • the search coordinator would be able to view the extent of the area searched within a specified time, e.g. from the time at which a person was first reported missing or the search was started.
  • different time ranges could be displayed in a different manner, e.g. a different colour, to distinguish them.
  • the mobile units or searchers providing position data are displayed (such that preferably positions of plural mobile units are displayed)
  • the current positions of all or some units, but only the historical positions of less than all of the mobile units could be shown .
  • the appearance (e.g. size or shape) of the symbols for each unit e.g. the symbols indicating their current positions) could be varied to indicate the speed of movement of the unit across the ground.
  • the mobile units could, for example, determine and transmit their speeds to the central control to allow this to be done.
  • the central control could estimate a mobile unit ' s speed from the rate of change of its position.
  • the present invention preferably further includes a step of or means for modifying the displayed previous positions of the mobile units to compensate for environmental effects or conditions that could affect the accuracy of the displayed positions, such as the effects of tide, wind and/or currents.
  • the displayed positions can be made to drift with time on the display in a particular or predetermined manner to account for this. This is particularly useful for searches over water.
  • a preferred way of estimating environmental effects on the displayed historical positions is to release one or more free or untethered markers into the search environment and observe their position changes with time.
  • free-floating marker buoys could be dropped into water to estimate the effects of tide, wind and/or currents, etc. This gives a real-time empirical estimate of the effect of wind and/or currents, etc. on the position of a free moving body in the environment of the search, i.e. of how such effects will affect the position data displayed.
  • the observed drift in position of the markers can then be used to modify the historical position data on the display to account for these effects.
  • the position changes could be interpolated in both space and time to do this.
  • the change in position of each marker can be estimated by tracking the markers over time.
  • Each marker could be equipped with a position determining means and a transmitter, and arranged to provide position updates to the central control for this purpose.
  • each marker could transmit .a marker signal that can be tracked to give the relative position changes with time of the marker.
  • the invention further includes a step of or means for displaying the last known position of a missing person in addition to the current and historical positions of the searchers. Most preferably concentric rings or contour lines showing where the person could have reached after various elapsed times are also displayed. The rings need not be circles and preferably take into account variations in terrain (such that they would not normally be circular) .
  • the rings would be shown closer together on the display in a mountainous or hilly area because the missing person would not be able to traverse such terrain as quickly as a flat area. More than one missing person or party could be monitored at one time and the areas which might be covered by the different parties could be distinguished using, for example, different colours on the display.
  • rings or contour lines on the electronic map indicate distances which the missing person could have traversed in certain times
  • shape of the rings could also be modified over time to take into account natural effects such as the wind, tides and currents.
  • the invention preferably includes a step of or means for identifying a mobile unit which has stopped moving, and then automatically changing the display to indicate this fact . This may be done by determining when a mobile unit has not changed position for a predetermined period of time. Once such a situation is detected, the stationary mobile unit (e.g. searcher) is preferably automatically identified on the display using a more prominent symbol such as, for example, a flashing indicator. This would highlight the situation to the search coordinator and allow him/her to investigate the cause. For example, such a feature may highlight that the searcher was in difficulty.
  • a more prominent symbol such as, for example, a flashing indicator.
  • the mobile radios of the mobile units could be provided with tilt switches and arranged to transmit their current position to the central control, which is then arranged to highlight the position, automatically when the tilt switch is triggered. This enables a fallen searcher to be quickly identified.
  • the invention has been described above with reference to a search and rescue application, it could be used in other situations if desired.
  • a similar system may also be employed by bus or freight transport companies who wish to monitor the progress of their vehicles. The vehicles would be tracked in real-time and their positions transmitted to a control centre at pre-determined intervals and displayed.
  • each mobile unit e.g. individual searcher or vehicle
  • each mobile unit e.g. individual searcher or vehicle
  • a position determining means 1 such as a GPS system
  • a mobile radio unit 3 of a mobile radio communications system such as a cellular phone or mobile radio
  • a mobile computer 2 such as a conventional laptop or palmtop computer.
  • the mobile computer 2 is linked to and controls both the position determining means 1 and the mobile radio unit 3.
  • the mobile computer, the position determining means and the mobile radio unit are shown as discrete components. However, they could be combined in an integral unit or units, if desired.
  • the search coordinator is provided with a central control system 4 comprising a control computer 6, which includes conventional data storage means, a fixed radio unit 5 which can communicate wirelessly with the mobile radio units of the searchers, and an electronic display 7. Communication between the mobile units and the central control can be accordance with any suitable, known technique such as, for example, a slotted aloha mechanism in a trunked radio system.
  • each mobile unit or searcher would determine its current position using the position determining means, and then transmit a data message comprising, inter alia , the current position of the mobile unit to the central control or search coordinator 4 via the mobile radio unit 3.
  • the position updating is automated under the control of the mobile computer 2 such that each mobile unit transmits its current position automatically to the central control 4 at specified time intervals or events.
  • Each mobile unit can transmit its current position at predetermined regular time intervals.
  • the current location could be transmitted each time the mobile unit has moved a predetermined distance.
  • a grid pattern which cris-crosses the area being searched is stored and the current location of the mobile unit is transmitted when it crosses one of the pre-stored grid lines.
  • the data message transmitted by the mobile unit also contains the identity of the mobile unit, and data representing the time and date at which the position was determined in addition to its current location.
  • the time and date could be provided by the central control 4.
  • the time and date of each position measurement, as well as the identity and position of the mobile unit are stored by the control computer 6 of the central control 4.
  • the current and historical positions of the mobile units are automatically displayed simultaneously on an electronic map display 7 of the area in which the mobile units are located (i.e. both the latest and historical positions are displayed together at the same time) as the position data is received.
  • the map can be generated and viewed on the screen of a conventional computer monitor or it could, for example, be an optically projected image generated from an electronic source.
  • the display is made in real time.
  • their current positions are automatically displayed contemporaneously together with the historical positions of the mobile units.
  • the display 7 thus provides a convenient and automatic immediate real-time and direct indication not only of the current locations of the mobile units, but also of where they have been.
  • a search coordinator can readily distinguish searched and unsearched areas, and also which searchers are most conveniently located or suitable to cover unsearched areas. He or she can then direct the searchers accordingly (e.g. via the mobile radio link) .
  • the latest and previous positions of the mobile units are represented on the map 7 by symbols such as, for example, small dots.
  • the representations also include the identities of the units.
  • the latest positions of the mobile units are displayed in a different manner from the previous positions, so that the current positions can quickly and easily be identified.
  • the display itself and the manner of displaying the information can be arranged or modified in accordance with any or all of the preferred and optional features discussed above.
  • the various display changes and features are arranged to occur automatically and/or in a predetermined manner.
  • the system can also be arranged to identify a mobile unit which has stopped moving, and then automatically change the display 7 to indicate this fact . This could be done by the central computer 6 determining when a mobile unit has not changed position for a predetermined period of time.
  • the stationary searcher is preferably automatically identified on the display 7 using a more prominent symbol such as, for example, a flashing indicator. This would highlight the situation to the search coordinator and allow him/her to investigate the cause. For example, such a feature may highlight that the searcher was in difficulty.
  • the mobile radio units 3 of the mobile units could be provided with tilt switches and arranged to transmit their current position to the central control 6, which is then arranged to highlight the position on the display 7 automatically, when the tilt switch is triggered. This enables a fallen searcher to be immediately identified.
  • the mobile computers 2 of each mobile unit could also be arranged to display maps and the positions of mobile units. They could, for example, periodically receive the data necessary to do this from the central control 4.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un appareil servant à surveiller les positions d'une ou de plusieurs unités mobiles (3) (équipes ou véhicules de sauvetage et de recherches sur terre, sur l'eau et/ou dans les airs). Les unités mobiles transmettent périodiquement et automatiquement des informations concernant leurs positions à des moments donnés à la centrale de commande (4). Les positions précédentes et les plus récentes d'une ou de plusieurs unités mobiles sont automatiquement affichées de façon simultanée sur une carte électronique (7) de la zone dans laquelle sont localisées les unités mobiles. Les données concernant les positions sont affichées de plusieurs façons sélectionnables. Les régions, qui se trouvent dans la zone concernée, traversées ou non par les unités mobiles, sont ainsi visibles sur l'affichage. Les effets du milieu ambiant qui pourraient affecter la précision des positions affichées peuvent être mesurés et les positions affichées mises à jour en conséquence.
PCT/GB1998/002598 1998-08-13 1998-08-28 Procede et appareil de surveillance de positions WO2000010027A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU88751/98A AU8875198A (en) 1998-08-13 1998-08-28 Position monitoring method and apparatus
EP98940423A EP1104548A1 (fr) 1998-08-13 1998-08-28 Procede et appareil de surveillance de positions

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9817672.0 1998-08-13
GBGB9817672.0A GB9817672D0 (en) 1998-08-13 1998-08-13 Position monitoring method and apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000010027A1 true WO2000010027A1 (fr) 2000-02-24

Family

ID=10837215

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1998/002598 WO2000010027A1 (fr) 1998-08-13 1998-08-28 Procede et appareil de surveillance de positions

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1104548A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU8875198A (fr)
GB (1) GB9817672D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000010027A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002014893A1 (fr) 2000-08-14 2002-02-21 Volvo Technological Development Corporation Procede et dispositif de positionnement
DE19930393B4 (de) * 1999-07-01 2004-11-18 Stanke, Jürgen, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Gebiets auf Auffälligkeiten durch einen oder mehrere Beobachter
GB2412799A (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-05 Peter Mason Receiving means for displaying the location of a beacon
US20140229502A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2014-08-14 Deutsche Post Ag Automatic assignment of a search region to a search query
US8941677B1 (en) 2011-12-27 2015-01-27 Peter D. Hallenbeck Quality display
WO2015136312A1 (fr) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-17 S3 Id Limited Système de suivi de personnel
US10417918B2 (en) 2016-01-20 2019-09-17 Honeywell International Inc. Methods and systems to assist in a search and rescue mission

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5504491A (en) * 1994-04-25 1996-04-02 Chapman; Robert W. Global status and position reporting system
GB2305568A (en) * 1995-09-25 1997-04-09 Gps Genetic Ltd Remote location monitoring
US5669061A (en) * 1994-08-19 1997-09-16 Trimble Navigation Limited Automatic cellular phone tracking
WO1998001769A1 (fr) * 1996-03-29 1998-01-15 Giuliano Landi Systeme servant a localiser des vehicules ou des objets en deplacement
US5712899A (en) * 1994-02-07 1998-01-27 Pace, Ii; Harold Mobile location reporting apparatus and methods
US5794174A (en) * 1995-10-18 1998-08-11 Trimble Navigation Limited System for automatic vehicle location viewing via television

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5712899A (en) * 1994-02-07 1998-01-27 Pace, Ii; Harold Mobile location reporting apparatus and methods
US5504491A (en) * 1994-04-25 1996-04-02 Chapman; Robert W. Global status and position reporting system
US5669061A (en) * 1994-08-19 1997-09-16 Trimble Navigation Limited Automatic cellular phone tracking
GB2305568A (en) * 1995-09-25 1997-04-09 Gps Genetic Ltd Remote location monitoring
US5794174A (en) * 1995-10-18 1998-08-11 Trimble Navigation Limited System for automatic vehicle location viewing via television
WO1998001769A1 (fr) * 1996-03-29 1998-01-15 Giuliano Landi Systeme servant a localiser des vehicules ou des objets en deplacement

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19930393B4 (de) * 1999-07-01 2004-11-18 Stanke, Jürgen, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Gebiets auf Auffälligkeiten durch einen oder mehrere Beobachter
WO2002014893A1 (fr) 2000-08-14 2002-02-21 Volvo Technological Development Corporation Procede et dispositif de positionnement
GB2412799A (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-05 Peter Mason Receiving means for displaying the location of a beacon
US20140229502A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2014-08-14 Deutsche Post Ag Automatic assignment of a search region to a search query
US8941677B1 (en) 2011-12-27 2015-01-27 Peter D. Hallenbeck Quality display
US9002384B1 (en) 2011-12-27 2015-04-07 Peter D. Hallenbeck Dual position display
WO2015136312A1 (fr) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-17 S3 Id Limited Système de suivi de personnel
US10417918B2 (en) 2016-01-20 2019-09-17 Honeywell International Inc. Methods and systems to assist in a search and rescue mission

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1104548A1 (fr) 2001-06-06
GB9817672D0 (en) 1998-10-07
AU8875198A (en) 2000-03-06

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