WO1999056687A1 - Stabilized absorbent material for personal care products and method for making - Google Patents
Stabilized absorbent material for personal care products and method for making Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999056687A1 WO1999056687A1 PCT/US1999/009404 US9909404W WO9956687A1 WO 1999056687 A1 WO1999056687 A1 WO 1999056687A1 US 9909404 W US9909404 W US 9909404W WO 9956687 A1 WO9956687 A1 WO 9956687A1
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- layer
- fibers
- binder
- personal care
- gsm
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/53708—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction
- A61F13/53713—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in the vertical direction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/53708—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction
- A61F13/53717—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in the horizontal direction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/53743—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers
- A61F13/53747—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers the layer is facing the topsheet
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/5376—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the performance of the layer, e.g. acquisition rate, distribution time, transfer time
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
- A61F2013/15406—Basis weight
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
- A61F2013/15422—Density
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
- A61F2013/15463—Absorbency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a material structure in an absorbent article for personal care products like diapers, training pants, absorbent underpants, adult incontinence products, bandages and feminine hygiene products.
- Personal care absorbent articles include such items as diapers, training pants, feminine hygiene products such as sanitary napkins, panty-liners and tampons, incontinence garments and devices, bandages and the like.
- the most basic design of all such articles typically includes a bodyside liner, an outercover and an absorbent core disposed between the bodyside liner and the outercover.
- the bodyside liner and the outercover are sealed about the periphery so as to encapsulate the absorbent core and thus make it possible to entrap and retain any fluids contained within the absorbent core.
- other components also may be included.
- the product may include such things as elastic side panels, fluid containment flaps, fastening devices and other layers of fluid transfer or retention materials.
- the object of the invention is achieved by a material for personal care products having a body side layer with a basis weight of from about 10 to about 100 gsm, a density of from about 0.05 to about 0.5 g/cc and comprising synthetic fibers and/or binder, and a fluid retention layer having a basis weight of from about 50 to about 250 gsm, a density of from about 0.05 to about 0.5 g/cc and comprising synthetic fibers, binder and/or natural fibers, where a boundary between any two adjacent fibrous layers is indistinct in that fibers at or near the surfaces of such adjacent layers are significantly intermingled.
- the material may optionally include a fluid distribution layer and a fluid transfer layer and a garment side liner.
- Other optional components include superabsorbents and odor control compounds and the layers may be embossed for aesthetic and fluid control reasons.
- Figure 1 shows an embossing pattern for a personal care product which is a sine wave pattern.
- Figure 2 shows an embossing pattern for a personal care product which is a shell pattern.
- Disposable includes being disposed of after use and not intended to be washed and reused.
- Fibers or the surfaces of fibers which are wetted by the aqueous liquids in contact with the fibers The degree of wetting of the materials can, in turn, be described in terms of the contact angles and the surface tensions of the liquids and materials involved.
- Equipment and techniques suitable for measuring the wettability of particular fiber materials can be provided by a Cahn SFA-222 Surface Force Analyzer System, or a substantially equivalent system.
- Fibers having contact angles less than 90° are designated “wettable” or hydrophilic, while fibers having contact angles equal to or greater than to 90° are designated “nonwettable” or hydrophobic.
- “Inward” and “outward” refer to positions relative to the center of an absorbent garment, and particularly transversely and/or longitudinally closer to or away from the longitudinal and transverse center of the absorbent garment.
- “Layer” when used in the singular can have the dual meaning of a single element or a plurality of elements.
- Liquid means a non-particulate substance and/or material that flows and can assume the interior shape of a container into which it is poured or placed.
- Liquid communication means that liquid is able to travel from one layer to another layer, or one location to another within a layer.
- the longitudinal axis lies in the plane of the article when laid flat and fully extended and is generally parallel to a vertical plane that bisects a standing wearer into left and right body halves when the article is worn.
- the transverse axis lies in the plane of the article generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
- the article as illustrated is longer in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction.
- “Particles”, in the context of this invention refers to any geometric form such as, but not limited to, spherical grains, fibers or strands, flat surfaces or roughened surfaces, sheets, ribbons, strings, strands, or the like.
- Spray and variations thereof include forcefully ejecting liquid, either as a stream or, such as swirl filaments, or atomized particles through an orifice, nozzle, or the like, by means of an applied pressure of air or other gas, by force of gravity, or by centrifugal force.
- the spray can be continuous or non-continuous.
- Conjugate fibers refers to fibers which have been formed from at least two polymers extruded from separate extruders but spun together to form one fiber. Conjugate fibers are also sometimes referred to as multicomponent or bicomponent fibers.
- the polymers are usually different from each other though conjugate fibers may be monocomponent fibers.
- the polymers are arranged in substantially constantly positioned distinct zones across the cross-section of the conjugate fibers and extend continuously along the length of the conjugate fibers.
- the configuration of such a conjugate fiber may be, for example, a sheath/core arrangement wherein one polymer is surrounded by another or may be a side by side arrangement, a pie arrangement or an "islands-in-the-sea" arrangement.
- Conjugate fibers are taught in US Patent 5,108,820 to Kaneko et al., US Patent 5,336,552 to Strack et al., and US Patent 5,382,400 to Pike et al.
- the polymers may be present in ratios of 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 or any other desired ratios.
- the fibers may also have shapes such as those described in US Patents 5,277,976 to Hogle et al., and 5,069,970 and 5,057,368 to Largman et al., hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, which describe fibers with unconventional shapes.
- Biconstituent fibers refers to fibers which have been formed from at least two polymers extruded from the same extruder as a blend.
- blend is defined below. Biconstituent fibers do not have the various polymer components arranged in relatively constantly positioned distinct zones across the cross-sectional area of the fiber and the various polymers are usually not continuous along the entire length of the fiber, instead usually forming fibrils or protofibrils which start and end at random. Biconstituent fibers are sometimes also referred to as multiconstituent fibers. Fibers of this general type are discussed in, for example, US Patent 5,108,827 to Gessner.
- Airlaying is a well known process by which a fibrous nonwoven layer can be formed. In the airlaying process, bundles of small fibers having typical lengths ranging from about 3 to about 19 millimeters (mm) are separated and entrained in an air supply and then deposited onto a forming screen, usually with the assistance of a vacuum supply. The randomly deposited fibers then are bonded to one another using, for example, hot air or a spray adhesive. Airlaying is discussed in, for example, US Patents
- Personal care product means diapers, training pants, absorbent underpants, adult incontinence products, bandages and feminine hygiene products.
- “Feminine hygiene products” means sanitary napkins or pads.
- “Target area” refers to the area or position on a personal care product where an insult is normally delivered by a wearer.
- the caliper of a material is a measure of thickness and is measured at 0.05 psi with a Starret-type bulk tester, in units of millimeters.
- Density The density of the materials is calculated by dividing the weight per unit area of a sample in grams per square meter (gsm) by the bulk of the sample in millimeters (mm) at 68.9 Pascals and multiplying the result by 0.001 to convert the value to grams per cubic centimeter (g/cc). A total of three samples would be evaluated and averaged for the density values.
- Personal care absorbent articles include such items as diapers, training pants, feminine hygiene products such as sanitary napkins, panty-liners and tampons, incontinence garments and devices, bandages and the like.
- the most basic design of all such articles typically includes a bodyside liner, an outercover and an absorbent core disposed between the bodyside liner and the outercover.
- the bodyside liner and the outercover are sealed about their peripheries so as to encapsulate the absorbent core and thus make it possible to entrap and retain any fluids contained within the absorbent core.
- other components also may be included.
- the product may include such things as elastic side panels, fluid containment flaps, fastening devices and other layers of fluid transfer or retention materials.
- This invention is a material for use in personal care products, which has been made in such a way as to produce indistinct boundaries or interfaces between adjacent fibrous layers. Previous personal care products have been constructed of materials made separately and then joined together to produce a laminate. In such cases, the boundary between adjacent fibrous layers is relatively crisp and distinct, often marked by the presence of an adhesive which is used to hold the layers together to produce the laminate.
- the material of this invention is preferably made according to an airlaying process in which fibers are suspended and transported in a gas stream, preferably air, and deposited onto a substrate to produce a layer.
- the material of this invention is made from a number of layers which are sequentially deposited. Such a sequential deposition of materials is possible with a multi-bank airlaying process. In this process, the fibrous layers are not made separately, individually stabilized, and brought together to produce a laminate, but are produced one on top of the other. While the entire material must, of course, be stabilized in some manner, the individual layers of the instant invention, need not be. Stabilization is achieved through the use of a binder, which, if thermally activated, obviously requires heat treatment of the material after fiber deposition.
- the individual fibrous layers of the material of this invention have fibers which intermix and entangle with the fibers of the adjacent layer as a consequence of the airlaying process.
- This aspect of airlaying, and the usual absence of an adhesive between adjacent layers, results in a boundary or interface between adjacent layers which is not crisp and distinct but which is indistinct.
- the material of this invention has a body side layer, optionally a fluid transfer layer, a fluid retention layer and a garment side layer.
- the material may also have a distribution layer or other optional layers to provide specialized functions.
- the body side layer is sometimes referred to as a bodyside liner or topsheet.
- the liner material is the layer against the wearer's skin and so the first layer in contact with liquid or other exudate from the wearer.
- the liner further serves to isolate the wearer's skin from the liquids held in an absorbent structure and should be compliant, soft feeling and non-irritating.
- the body side liner can have a basis weight, for example, ranging from about 10.0 grams per square meter (gsm) to about 100 gsm, and a density between about 0.05 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cc) and about 0.5 g/cc.
- the body side liner is comprised of synthetic fibers and binder in a ratio of from about 90/10 to about 0/100, more particularly from about 50/50 to about 20/80 and still more particularly about 30/70. It should be noted that binder fibers, not liquid binder, are preferred, especially for those cases having more than 10 percent binder.
- the body side liner can be surface treated with a selected amount of surfactant, such as about 0.28% Triton X-102 surfactant, or otherwise processed to impart the desired level of wettability and hydrophilicity. If a surfactant is used, it can be an internal additive or applied to the layer by any conventional means, such as spraying, brush coating and the like, prior to the deposition of the next layer.
- a surfactant such as about 0.28% Triton X-102 surfactant
- the fluid retention layer used in this invention must absorb liquid from the adjacent body side layer in a controlled manner such that liquid may be stored away from contact with the body.
- Suitable retention materials for this application should have a basis weight of from about 50 to about 250 gsm, a density of from about 0.05 to about 0.5 g/cc.
- the retention material comprises binder, synthetic fibers and natural fibers.
- the binder must be present in an effective amount, generally between about 3 and 15 weight percent or more particularly about 10 weight percent.
- the synthetic and natural fibers, excluding the binder may be present in a ratio of from about 0/100 to about 50/50, more particularly between about 10/90 and 20/80, and still more particularly about 40/60.
- the fluid retention layer is the most logical layer to contain such a component.
- This layer may contain 0 to 85 weight percent of superabsorbent, which should be included as natural fiber in the calculation of the ratio of materials present.
- any number of layers may be made according to this invention, though a particularly useful additional layer is a second retention layer.
- a second retention layer would be interposed between the first retention layer and the garment side liner and could contain binder in an effective amount, and exclusive of the binder, about 75 percent natural fibers and about 25 percent superabsorbent fibers.
- superabsorbent should be considered a natural fiber in the calculation of the ratio of fibers in the layer, making the ratio of synthetic to natural fiber in this layer 0/100, exclusive of binder.
- the garment side liner layer also referred to as a backsheet or outer cover is the farthest layer from the wearer.
- the outer cover has traditionally been formed of a thin thermoplastic film, such as polyethylene film, which is substantially impermeable to liquid.
- the outer cover functions to prevent body exudates contained in an absorbent structure from wetting or soiling the wearer's clothing, bedding, or other materials contacting the personal care product.
- the outer cover may be, for example, a polyethylene film having an initial thickness of from about 0.5 mil (0.012 millimeter) to about 5.0 mil (0.12 millimeter), it is preferred that the outer cover be produced as an integral part of the material of this invention.
- the garment liner or outer cover have a basis weight of from about 10 to about 100 gsm, and comprise synthetic fibers and binder in a ratio of from about 50/50 to about 0/100.
- the outer cover may be embossed and/or matte finished to provide a more aesthetically pleasing appearance.
- Other alternative constructions for outer cover include woven or nonwoven fibrous webs that have been constructed or treated to impart the desired level of liquid impermeability, or laminates formed of a woven or nonwoven fabric and thermoplastic film.
- the outer cover may optionally be composed of a vapor or gas permeable, microporous "breathable" material, that is permeable to vapors or gas yet substantially impermeable to liquid. Breathability can be imparted in polymer films by, for example, using fillers in the film polymer formulation, extruding the filler/polymer formulation into a film and then stretching the film sufficiently to create voids around the filler particles, thereby making the film breathable.
- the optional fluid transfer layer also referred to as a surge layer, is most typically interposed between and in intimate, liquid communicating contact with the bodyside liner and another layer such as a fluid distribution or retention layer.
- the fluid transfer or surge layer allows fluid movement through itself generally in the Z-direction, i.e. away from the body side and towards the garment side.
- the surge layer is generally subjacent the inner (unexposed) surface of bodyside liner.
- the surge have a density between about 0.05 g/cc to about 0.5 g/cc and a basis weight between about 10 and about 100 gsm.
- the surge layer may be a layer composed of synthetic fibers, binder, and natural fibers where the binder is present in an effective amount and, exclusive of the binder, the synthetic and natural fibers are present in a ratio of from about 40/60 to about 10/90.
- An optional distribution layer may be interposed above (toward a wearer) the fluid retention layer and must be capable of moving fluid from the point of initial deposition to where storage is desired.
- the fluid distribution layer therefore, in addition to allowing fluid movement through itself in the Z-direction, also moves fluid in the X and Y directions. Distribution must take place at an acceptable rate such that the target insult area, generally the crotch area, is ready for the next insult.
- the time between insults can range from just a few minutes to hours, generally depending on the age of the wearer and the personal care product in question. In order to achieve this transportation function, a distribution layer must have a high capillary tension value.
- Capillary tension in distribution materials is measured simply by the equilibrium vertical wicking of a 8.5 g/l saline solution and should be above 15 cm. The wicking test is performed by placing an end of the material vertically into the saline solution, waiting until the solution has reached equilibrium, and measuring the height it has reached.
- Materials from which the distribution layer may be made from synthetic and natural fibers, with a small amount of binder.
- Synthetic fibers include those made from nylons, polyethylene terephthalate, rayon, polyolefins like polypropylene, Lyocel regenerated cellulose and any other suitable synthetic fibers known to those skilled in the art. Such synthetic fibers may include conjugate, biconstituent and homopolymer fibers of staple or other lengths and mixtures of such fibers with other types of fibers. Synthetic fibers may also include kosmotropes for product degradation as discussed below.
- Natural fibers include cellulose, e.g. wood pulp, cotton etc.
- Pulps include standard soft-wood fluffing grade such as Kimberly-Clark Corporation's Coosa Mills CR-1654, high bulk additive formaldehyde free pulp (HBAFF) available from the Weyerhaeuser Corporation of Tacoma, WA, and is a which is a crosslinked southern softwood pulp fiber with enhanced wet modulus, and a chemically cross-linked pulp fiber such as Weyerhaeuser NHB416.
- HBAFF has a chemical treatment which sets in a curl and twist, in addition to imparting added dry and wet stiffness and resilience to the fiber.
- Another suitable pulp is Buckeye HP2 pulp and still another is IP Supersoft from International Paper Corporation.
- Suitable rayon fibers are 1.5 denier Merge 18453 fibers from
- Binders include fiber, liquid or other binder means which may be thermally activated.
- Exemplary binders include conjugate fibers of polyolefins and/or polyamides, and liquid adhesives.
- One suitable binder is a sheath core conjugate fiber available from Trevira Inc. (formerly Hoechst-Celanese), PO Box 4, Salisbury, NC 28145-0004 under the designation T-255, though many suitable binder fibers are known to those skilled in the art, and are made by many manufacturers such as Chisso and Hercules Inc.
- Another suitable binder fiber is from Danaklon a/s, located at Engdraget 22, KD-6800 Varde, Denmark, and is 2 denier conjugate PE/PP sheath/core fibers cut into 6 mm lengths.
- a suitable liquid binder is Kymene® 557LX binder available from Hercules Inc. of Wilmington, DE.
- Superabsorbents include AFA-94-21-5 from The Dow Chemical Company of Midland Ml, Dow's AFA-130-53C, Stockhausen's W77553 or Stockhausen's Favor 870, and Sanwet IM 1500 superabsorbent from Trevira Inc.
- ion sensitivity One mechanism which can be used to trigger water-degradability in an acceptable time frame is ion sensitivity, where the term "ion” is given its conventional meaning of an atom or molecularly bonded group of atoms, which has gained or lost one or more electrons and consequently has a negative or positive electrical charge.
- Certain polymers contain acid-based (R-COO " ) components which are held together by hydrogen bonding. In a dry state, these polymers remain solid. In an aqueous solution which has a relatively high ion concentration, such as urine, the polymer still will remain relatively intact.
- first component polymers that are stable in high ion concentration solution environments (for example, baby or adult urine and menses) could be sulfonated polyesters coded AQ29, AQ38, or AQ55, as supplied by the Eastman Chemical
- the Eastman AQ38 polymer is composed of 89 mole percent isophthalic acid, 11 mole percent sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, 78 mole percent diethylene glycol and 22 mole percent 1 ,4-cyclohexanedimethanol. It has a nominal molecular weight of 14,000 Daltons, an acid number less than two, a hydroxyi number less than 10 and a glass transition temperature of 38°C.
- Other examples could be blends of poly(vinyl alcohol) or copolymers of poly(vinyl alcohol) blended with polyacrylic or methacrylic acid, or polyvinylmethyl ether blended with polyacrylic or methacrylic acid.
- the Eastman polymers are stable in high ionic solution environments, but will break-up rapidly in toilet water during the flushing process (excess water) thus reducing ion concentration.
- the Eastman polymers can be matched with a higher melting temperature range second component polymer such as polyethylene.
- a trigger component such as, for example, the sulfate ion or chloride ion
- Suitable examples of such first component include water-dispersible polyester or polyamide polymers, or copolymers, such as copoiyester polymers available from National Starch and Chemical Company under the product designations 70-4395 and 70-4442.
- Conjugate fibers having a first component comprising a triggered, water-dispersible polymer are insensitive to the presence of a particular trigger component at a concentration level found in urine or menses, yet are highly sensitive to and disperse in a period not exceeding 30 minutes in the presence of the same trigger component at a different, lower concentration level typically found in excess tap water, such as is found in toilet bowls.
- fibrous webs formed from or incorporating the triggered, water-dispersible polymers are unaffected in terms of dispersibility when insulted with body fluids, such as urine or menses, yet when disposed of in normal tap water tend to break apart as the first component of the conjugate fiber disperses.
- the entire material be embossed, preferably from the body liner side.
- the embossing could be light enough to emboss only the body side liner or could include the optional fluid transfer and distribution layers and the fluid retention
- embossing pattern could be chosen to maximize material densification, which enhances fluid intake and dispersion throughout the product, and fluid distribution along the front to back axis. Embossing can also provide visual signals to the wearer that the product capacity is approaching full and should be discarded, and can be used to give an aesthetic benefit as well. Examples of suitable embossing patterns are given in the drawings.
- Figure 1 is an embossing pattern for a personal care product referred to as a sine wave pattern
- Figure 2 is an embossing pattern for a personal care product referred to as a shell pattern.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000546719A JP2002513636A (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-04-30 | Stable absorbent material for daily use and method for producing the same |
KR1020007012288A KR20010043320A (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-04-30 | Stabilized Absorbent Material for Personal Care Products and Method for Making |
BR9910172-6A BR9910172A (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-04-30 | Stabilized absorbent material for personal care products and manufacturing method |
PL99343802A PL343802A1 (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-04-30 | Stabilized absorbent material for personal care products and method for making |
AU40701/99A AU740658B2 (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-04-30 | Stabilized absorbent material for personal care products and method for making |
EP99924127A EP1082079A1 (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-04-30 | Stabilized absorbent material for personal care products and method for making |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US7316098A | 1998-05-05 | 1998-05-05 | |
US09/073,160 | 1998-05-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1999056687A1 true WO1999056687A1 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
Family
ID=22112083
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/009404 WO1999056687A1 (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-04-30 | Stabilized absorbent material for personal care products and method for making |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1082079A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002513636A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20010043320A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1299258A (en) |
AR (1) | AR018822A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU740658B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9910172A (en) |
CO (1) | CO5121071A1 (en) |
ID (1) | ID29460A (en) |
PL (1) | PL343802A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2221529C2 (en) |
TR (1) | TR200003247T2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW431885B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999056687A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200005880B (en) |
Cited By (11)
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CN1296546C (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2007-01-24 | 亚乐克株式会社 | Molded fiber materials and methods and apparatus for making the same |
CN101003926B (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2010-05-26 | 赛拉尼斯乳胶有限公司 | Latex adhesive combined air web fabric and its uses |
US9410273B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2016-08-09 | Es Fibervisions Co. | Fiber bundle and web |
US9662246B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2017-05-30 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US9877872B2 (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2018-01-30 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
EP3360521A1 (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-15 | Hill-Rom Services, Inc. | Incontinence detection optimization using directional wicking |
US10076449B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2018-09-18 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US10201644B2 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2019-02-12 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Self contained wound dressing with micropump |
US10507141B2 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2019-12-17 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Apparatuses and methods for negative pressure wound therapy |
US10610414B2 (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2020-04-07 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US11559437B2 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2023-01-24 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Multi-layered wound dressing and method of manufacture |
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JP4540087B2 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2010-09-08 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Absorbent articles |
JP4790702B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2011-10-12 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー | Diapers with improved body fit |
CN101132751B (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2010-11-17 | Sca卫生产品股份公司 | Absorbent article comprising a liquid transfer layer |
RU2582449C1 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2016-04-27 | Ска Хайджин Продактс Аб | Signal layer for absorbent articles |
US9474660B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2016-10-25 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent article with a fluid-entangled body facing material including a plurality of hollow projections |
US9480608B2 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2016-11-01 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent article with a fluid-entangled body facing material including a plurality of hollow projections |
US10070999B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2018-09-11 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent article |
US9480609B2 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2016-11-01 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent article with a fluid-entangled body facing material including a plurality of hollow projections |
MX2019009116A (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2019-10-02 | Kimberly Clark Co | Process for making fluid-entangled laminate webs with hollow projections and apertures. |
KR102109477B1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2020-05-12 | 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. | Integration of perforated zones into absorbent articles |
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- 1999-04-30 RU RU2000130706/15A patent/RU2221529C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-30 PL PL99343802A patent/PL343802A1/en unknown
- 1999-04-30 WO PCT/US1999/009404 patent/WO1999056687A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 1999-04-30 KR KR1020007012288A patent/KR20010043320A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-04-30 TR TR2000/03247T patent/TR200003247T2/en unknown
- 1999-04-30 CN CN99805785A patent/CN1299258A/en active Pending
- 1999-04-30 JP JP2000546719A patent/JP2002513636A/en active Pending
- 1999-04-30 ID IDW20002246A patent/ID29460A/en unknown
- 1999-04-30 AU AU40701/99A patent/AU740658B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-05-03 CO CO99026684A patent/CO5121071A1/en unknown
- 1999-05-12 TW TW088107115A patent/TW431885B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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CN1296546C (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2007-01-24 | 亚乐克株式会社 | Molded fiber materials and methods and apparatus for making the same |
US10201644B2 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2019-02-12 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Self contained wound dressing with micropump |
US11737925B2 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2023-08-29 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Self contained wound dressing with micropump |
US11278658B2 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2022-03-22 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Self contained wound dressing with micropump |
CN101003926B (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2010-05-26 | 赛拉尼斯乳胶有限公司 | Latex adhesive combined air web fabric and its uses |
US9410273B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2016-08-09 | Es Fibervisions Co. | Fiber bundle and web |
US10231874B2 (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2019-03-19 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US10039673B2 (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2018-08-07 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US10130519B2 (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2018-11-20 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
USRE48535E1 (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2021-04-27 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US9877872B2 (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2018-01-30 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US11510819B2 (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2022-11-29 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US10507141B2 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2019-12-17 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Apparatuses and methods for negative pressure wound therapy |
US11590029B2 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2023-02-28 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Apparatuses and methods for negative pressure wound therapy |
US10076449B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2018-09-18 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US11864981B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2024-01-09 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US10667955B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2020-06-02 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
USD914887S1 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2021-03-30 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing |
US11801338B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2023-10-31 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US9662246B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2017-05-30 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US10610414B2 (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2020-04-07 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US11596552B2 (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2023-03-07 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Wound dressing and method of treatment |
US11559437B2 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2023-01-24 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Multi-layered wound dressing and method of manufacture |
US11278457B2 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2022-03-22 | Hill-Rom Services, Inc. | Incontinence detection optimization using directional wicking |
EP3360521A1 (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-15 | Hill-Rom Services, Inc. | Incontinence detection optimization using directional wicking |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1082079A1 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
ZA200005880B (en) | 2001-05-23 |
ID29460A (en) | 2001-08-30 |
AU740658B2 (en) | 2001-11-08 |
CO5121071A1 (en) | 2002-01-30 |
KR20010043320A (en) | 2001-05-25 |
RU2221529C2 (en) | 2004-01-20 |
JP2002513636A (en) | 2002-05-14 |
AU4070199A (en) | 1999-11-23 |
PL343802A1 (en) | 2001-09-10 |
CN1299258A (en) | 2001-06-13 |
TW431885B (en) | 2001-05-01 |
AR018822A1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
BR9910172A (en) | 2001-01-30 |
TR200003247T2 (en) | 2001-03-21 |
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