WO1999045448A1 - Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance - Google Patents
Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999045448A1 WO1999045448A1 PCT/US1998/004156 US9804156W WO9945448A1 WO 1999045448 A1 WO1999045448 A1 WO 1999045448A1 US 9804156 W US9804156 W US 9804156W WO 9945448 A1 WO9945448 A1 WO 9945448A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
- G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2219/00—Indexing scheme relating to application aspects of data processing equipment or methods
- G06F2219/10—Environmental application, e.g. waste reduction, pollution control, compliance with environmental legislation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/80—Management or planning
- Y02P90/84—Greenhouse gas [GHG] management systems
- Y02P90/845—Inventory and reporting systems for greenhouse gases [GHG]
Definitions
- This invention relates to automation, integration, management and regulatory review of environmental, health and safety information as it pertains to manufacture, process, use, handle, and/or transport of chemical products and/or by-product wastes that are considered hazardous to humans or to the environment.
- MSDSs Materials Safety Data Statements
- a "hazardous substance” is any substance or mixture of substances that may cause substantial personal injury or substantial illness during or as a proximate result of any customary or reasonably foreseeable handling or use, including reasonably foreseeable ingestion by children, if the substance: (1) is a toxic agent or reproductive toxin; (2) is corrosive; (3) is an irritant; (4) is a strong sensitizer; (5) is flammable, combustible or explosive; (6) is pyrophoric; (7) is a carcinogen, hepatotoxin, nephrotoxin or neurotoxin; (8) is an agent that acts on the hematopoletic system; (9) is an agent that damages the lungs, skin, eyes or mucous membranes; (10) is a compressed gas; (11) is an organic peroxide; (12) is an oxidizer; (13)
- SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act
- CWA Clean Water Act
- WQA Water Quality Act
- NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
- NPDES permits include terms and conditions ranging from required monitoring of point source discharges to the implementation of control technologies to minimize outfall.
- the Clean Air Act (“CAA”), passed in 1955 and amended several times since that time (most recently, in 1990), covers emission of pollutants into the ambient air and atmosphere. This may include hazardous wastes that are liquid or gaseous when discharge occurs.
- NAAQSs National Ambient Air Quality Standards
- SO x , CO, NO x , O3, Pb hydrocarbons and total suspended particulates.
- emission standards are set forth for asbestos, beryllium, mercury and vinyl chloride.
- Primary Standards are set forth to protect human health, and Secondary Standards are set to protect or limit damage to other entities, such as flora, fauna and personal and real property.
- the federal government in effect delegates responsibility to achieve these standards to the individual states, which are required to 3 present and implement State Implementation Plans to achieve the target air quality standards in various identified air basins in the states.
- CAA permit Permits covering emission source construction, modification, and operation follow the NPDES scheme, adopting strict measures for controlling and reducing emissions of airborne waste at the source.
- CAA permits include terms and conditions ranging from the application of abatement devices and other control technologies for emission reduction, to required monitoring at all source emission point sources and non-point sources (i.e., fugitive emission locations).
- Permits based on economic incentive strategies, such as marketable emission allowances were added to the federal regulatory program maze under the 1990 amendments. Although these additions were intended to stimulate compliance via market- based vehicles (like emission allowance futures trading), these permits have not, as yet, been broadly implemented.
- RRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
- E.P.A. Environmental Protection Agency
- the EPA may: (1) limit the amount of the chemical to be manufactured or used; (2) prohibit a particular use; (3) require placement of warning labels on all containers of the chemical; (4) require placement of public notices of use; and (5) regulate commercial use and/or disposal of the chemical.
- Chemical Substances Inventory List is subject to the reporting requirements under TSCA. These reporting requirements include: (1) updating of a list of all chemicals present on a site, at four-year intervals or more frequently; (2) submission (to the E.P.A.) of a Pre-manufacture Notice and relevant test data for any new chemical, at least 90 days before manufacturing or importing the chemical; (3) submission of a Notice Of Intent To Import or To Export a listed chemical, within seven days after entering into a contract to import or export the chemical, if the chemical is known to be mutagenic, teratogenic or carcinogenic or is known to cause chronic health or environmental problems; (4) reporting of a significant new use for a chemical already on the E.P.A.
- TSCA also sets forth certain requirements for labelling of, disposal of and recordkeeping for certain chemicals, such as PCBs.
- OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Act
- OSHA Hazard Communication Standard The centerpiece of the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard is the MSDS, required for each hazardous substance manufactured or used on the site.
- the MSDS includes all relevant information pertaining to a hazardous substance, from its ingredients to physical properties, health hazards, exposure limits, storage incompatibilities, safe handling and use precautions and much more.
- An employer must report, within 48 hours, any incident that results in a fatality, or in hospitalization of five or more employees.
- O.S.H.A. The Occupational Health and Safety Administration
- the O.S.H.A. primary enforcement activity is the inspection, or audit procedure. Facilities covered by one or more OSHA standard are subject to voluntary (routine) inspections, as well as non- voluntary inspections based on a warrant to search. 5
- the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (“HMTA”), passed in 1974, is administered jointly by the Department of Transportation (“D.O.T.”), established in 1966, and the E.P.A., established in 1969.
- the HMTA sets forth 15 hazard classes of materials
- Hazardous wastes and other hazardous substances are not distinguished under the HMTA.
- a "generator" of a hazardous waste is defined simply as “any person whose act first causes a hazardous waste to become subject to regulation”.
- Transportation modes covered include movement of the hazardous substance by air, rail, water and highway.
- the D.O.T. is authorized to inspect generator and transporter facilities, vehicles and records to insure compliance.
- RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
- a solid waste is a "hazardous waste", if: (1) the waste arises from specified manufacturing practices; (2) the waste is one of a group of specified wastes; (3) the waste contains any of a group of specified chemicals; or (4) the waste has specified toxicity, chemical reactivity, ignitability or corrosive characteristics.
- Household wastes are generally exempted from RCRA coverage. Generators of more than 1 ,000 kilograms per month of ordinary hazardous wastes or of more than 1 kgm per month of extremely hazardous waste must operate under a RCRA permit covering registration, container labelling, recordkeeping and other requirements. "Small quantity generators", who generate 100-1,000 kgms per month of hazardous wastes and no more than 1 kgm per month of extremely hazardous wastes, are covered by simpler requirements.
- RCRA Generators of still smaller amounts of the hazardous wastes or the extremely hazardous wastes are often exempt from regulation under RCRA. 6
- the goals of RCRA include: (1) protecting the health, safety and environment of the public; (2) regulating the generation, treatment, disposal and storage of hazardous wastes; (3) reducing environmental pollution from waste disposal; (4) encouraging recycling and/or re-use of hazardous wastes; and (5) eliminating certain landfill and other solid waste disposal practices.
- a Notification of Hazardous Waste Activity must be submitted by a generator, transporter or operator of a hazardous waste TSDF to apply for an E.P.A. identification number and for any applicable E.P.A. permits for on-site treatment, storage or disposal.
- Hazardous waste generators are required to conduct their own studies to determine if a specific hazardous waste can be treated to reduce its volume or toxicity, with records of such studies being submitted each year to the E.P.A. and being maintained for three years.
- a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest developed by the E.P.A. under RCRA and under HMTA, must be used by persons who transport hazardous waste for off-site treatment, storage or disposal, and a copy of each Manifest must be maintained as part of a facility's operating record. Owners or operators of a TSDF who receive hazardous waste without a proper Manifest must submit an Unauthorized Waste Report to the E.P.A. within 15 days after such an incident occurs. Upon closure of a hazardous waste facility, records of hazardous waste disposal and the amounts thereof must be submitted to the E.P.A. and to local land use control authorities. A hazardous waste generator must demonstrate that it has the financial ability to cover liability claims involving sudden or non-sudden discharges from the facility.
- N.R.C. National Response Center
- CERCLA The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
- CERCLA was passed in 1980 in response to the discovery of several hazardous waste disposal sites that would have to be cleaned up at government expense.
- CERCLA was intended to: (1) provide a system for identifying and cleaning up chemical and hazardous substance releases; (2) establish a fund to pay for cleanup of release sites, where those responsible cannot or will not pay for the cleanup; and (3) enable the federal government to collect the costs of cleanup from the responsible parties.
- the federal government set aside $1.8 billion in the first Superfund for hazardous waste site clean-up purposes.
- CERCLA includes on its hazardous substance list all hazardous wastes under RCRA, all hazardous air pollutants regulated under the CAA, all water pollutants regulated under the CWA, and most substances regulated under TSCA. 7 In 1986, the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (“SARA”) added another $6.2 billion to the Superfund for clean-up purposes. SARA also enacted
- Sections 301 - 303 of Title EH enacted the requirement for Emergency Response
- SARA Session Emergency Response Committee
- L.E.P.C. Local (Local Emergency Planning Committee
- Owner/operators of facilities with specified hazardous substances on site in quantities in excess of specified thresholds are required to prepare and submit Emergency Response Plans to the L.E.P.C. having jurisdiction over the facility.
- Elements of the facility Emergency Response Plan include:
- Section 304 of Title HI requires preparation and filing of an Accidental Release
- Notification report whenever an accidental release of a specified hazardous substance occurs in which (1) the substance crosses the facility boundaries or is released in transport on public roads, and (2) the release amount exceeds specified thresholds. This report must address: (1) actions taken to contain or respond to the release; (2) any known or anticipated acute or chronic health risks associated with the release; and (3) advice regarding medical attention required for any exposed individuals.
- Section 311 and 312 of Title m provide for facility hazardous substance inventory reporting.
- Facility hazardous substance inventory reporting is required if substances for which an MSDS is required under OSHA are present in quantities in excess of specified thresholds.
- Facilities subject to hazardous substances inventory reporting requirements must: (1) produce a listing of specified hazardous substances present at the facility or an MSDS for each specified hazardous substance; and (2) an emergency and hazardous chemicals inventory report form. Both reports (listing/MSDS and inventory report) must be submitted to the following agencies: (1) L.E.P.C; (2) S.E.R.C; and (3) local Fire department.
- Section 313 of Title III requires the E.P.A. to establish an inventory of toxic chemical emissions from certain facilities. To do so, the E.P.A. requires owners and operators of facilities that manufacture, import, process, or use specified toxic chemicals to report annually their releases of those chemicals to any environmental media. Releases 8 to air, water, and land, and releases to off-site locations such as publicly owned treatment works or hazardous waste disposal sites, must be estimated and reported under Section
- PPA Pollution Prevention Act
- the generator For each listed chemical that is reported, the generator must provide: (1) the quantity ofthe chemical that is released (before recycling, treatment or disposal) into a waste stream and the change, if any, from release in the preceding year; (2) the quantity ofthe chemical, if any, that is recycled or treated at the facility or elsewhere, the percentage change from the preceding year and the method(s) of recycling or treatment used; (3) the source reduction practices adopted by the generator and the quantitative method(s) used to monitor these practices, with these practices being reported in the categories of (a) equipment, technology, process or procedure modifications, (b) reformulation or redesign of the products, (c) substitution of input materials and (d) improvement in management, training, inventory control, materials handling or other administrative practices; (4) quantities ofthe chemical, if any, that are released in one-time events not associated with production processes; (5) quantities of the chemical expected to be released into a waste stream or to be recycled in each of the two immediately following years; and (6) a ratio or other quantitative comparison of production of the chemical between the current and preceding reporting years.
- Some applications that have attempted a "comprehensive” approach attempt to manage all aspects of environmental compliance by grouping together several mini- applications or modules.
- Managing the universe of environmental compliance information requires management of the compliance reports as well as the information from which the compliance reports were prepared. In many instances, the information is tightly interrelated.
- an accidental release of Parathion at a facility where it is manufactured has environmental as well as health & safety consequences.
- the information that results from the release is critical for the accurate preparation of regulatory 9 agency reports.
- each accident requires reporting to two or more regulatory agencies; each regulatory agency is responsible for a different element of the accident. No capability exists to share information between different functions from a common information store or to manage the information dynamically.
- Inventory management systems currently available tend to be of two varieties.
- a first variety ignores most or all effects of, and responsibilities under, the hazardous substance laws and regulations and merely tracks the amount of a chemical present in inventory, in work-in-process and in finished products, with no particular attention being paid to loss or unintended discharge of a portion of the chemical during manufacturing with, or transportation of, the chemical.
- a second variety focuses on a few of the functions of inventory control, manufacturing, waste disposal, etc. and accounts for a few, but not all, of the applicable hazardous substance laws.
- AV Systems offers a plurality of stand-alone modules for hazardous substance reporting.
- the MSDS+ System from AV Systems is designed for O.S.H.A.
- a LOCASL module offers compliance procedures for compliance with state and local rules.
- Envirogenics CHEM Master provides a database on 4700 of the most commonly used hazardous substances and D.O.T. Emergency Response guidelines; and WASTE db tracks waste materials, provides an historical record of treatment, storage and disposal activities by TSDFs, and prints state-specific waste manifests.
- CHEMMK offers several programs that determine chemical incompatibilities and potential adverse reactions based upon fire, explosion, heat, toxic gas emission, violent polymerization, flammability, etc.
- ERM Computer Services' Enflex Data provides 16 separate modules covering facilities description, chemical inventories, SARA Title II Form R reporting, container and permit tracking, and water and air data.
- General Research FLOW GEMINI provides hazardous substance report generation, using a blank screen on which the user designs the reporting forms to be used. Some standard report forms are included with this software.
- Imagetrak Software's MSDS ExPress allows scan-in of MSDS images, which are then attached in an unspecified way to a data base record. Information contained on the scanned-in MSDSs can then be queried in a simple question and answer format. 1 0 J & H Software offers Process Adviser/NPDES Reporter, which allows management of process data for a waste treatment facility, including solids balances, percent removal and statistical analyses of plant operation parameters.
- HAZARD Basic Manifest Management System for E.P.A. Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest tracking
- Hazard Basic Waste Tag Management System for report generation based on waste container tags
- HAZARD Basic Operation Log Management System for report generation based on activity tags
- HAZARD MSDS Document Management System for creating a database for hazardous substance document images.
- OSHA-SOFT's Compliance Manager provides a link between MSDSs and chemical inventory information, to facilitate compliance with the O.S.H.A. Hazards Communication Standard.
- the invention in one integrated system, provides eight functional groupings and a relational database schema or database design that integrates three, four, five, six, seven or eight of these functional groupings and allows them to share or exchange information on hazardous substances for in-house and regulatory compliance-related functions.
- a Hazardous Materials Index (“HMI”) functional grouping provides static information management regarding hazardous materials (pure chemicals, chemical mixtures and wastes) in the workplace. Users can produce a variety of reports, for internal and regulatory compliance purposes, from the information that is managed by the HMI functional grouping.
- the HMI grouping maintains dynamic links with the HMM grouping, the HPM grouping, the HRM grouping, the HWM grouping, the HCM grouping, the EMF grouping and the FMF grouping that are discussed below.
- the benefit ofthe dynamic linkage is that real-time information transfer between functional groupings can occur, resulting in up-to-the-second information availability.
- a Hazardous Materials Management (“HMM”) functional grouping provides dynamic information management regarding movement of hazardous materials (again, pure chemicals, chemical mixtures, and wastes) throughout the workplace. This includes tracking movement of hazardous materials that commences with the receipt of hazardous materials and continues through to the transfer of waste from a process or non-process activity. Dynamic links are maintained between the HMM functional grouping and the HMI, HPM, HRM, HWM, HCM, EMF and FMF functional groupings. As an example, the dynamic link between HMM and HMI supports the real-time transfer of chemical by location information from HMM to HMI. As a consequence, the HMI grouping can be immediately updated with chemical by location information as soon as the location transfer transaction is entered into the HMM grouping.
- a Hazardous Permit Management (“HPM”) functional grouping provides for management of data relevant to an organizations' hazardous materials permits.
- the HPM grouping maintains data on point source and non-point source (i.e., fugitive) releases covered by permits. These data can be related to the permitted release level for determination of whether or not a "permit exceedance" has occurred.
- Dynamic links are maintained between the HPM functional grouping and the HMI, HMM, HWM, HCM, EMF and FMF functional groupings and may be maintained for limited purposes with the HRM grouping.
- a dynamic linkage may also be maintained between the HPM and HRM functional groupings.
- the dynamic link between HPM and HMM supports the real-time transfer of release by source information from HMM to HPM. As a consequence, the HPM grouping can be immediately updated with point source release 1 2 information as soon as the process operation transaction is entered into the HMM grouping.
- a Human Resource Management (“HRM”) functional grouping provides for management of data relevant to an organization's human resource as it relates to hazardous materials in the workplace. Examples of information managed by the HRM functional grouping would be employee hazardous materials training, employee medical monitoring and employee hazardous materials accident/illness reports. Dynamic links are maintained between the HRM functional grouping and the HMI, HMM, HWM, HCM, EMF and
- the dynamic link between HRM and HMI supports the real-time query of data maintained by the HMI functional grouping prior to completion of a HRM functional grouping transaction. This becomes critical when an employee is about to be assigned to a location in which chemicals are present to which the employee can not be exposed. Management actions can be taken proactively to avoid assigning the employee to the prohibited location, thus avoiding or limiting future liability for employee illness or disability.
- a Hazardous Commitment Management (“HCM”) functional grouping provides for management of data relevant to hazardous materials-related commitments of an organization. Dynamic links are maintained between the HCM functional grouping and the HMI, HMM, HPM, HRM, HWM, EMF and FMF functional groupings. As an example, the dynamic link between HCM and HMI groupings supports the real-time transfer of regulatory agency reporting due dates along with progress toward meeting the reporting due dates. As a consequence, the HCM grouping can be immediately updated with compliance reporting completion information as soon as the final version of the compliance report is run.
- HWM Hazardous Waste Management
- a Hazardous Waste Management (“HWM”) functional grouping provides for management of data elements related to the organizations' generation of waste.
- Dynamic links are maintained between the HWM functional grouping and the HMI, HMM, HCM, HRM, HPM, EMF and FMF functional groupings.
- the dynamic link between the HWM and HMM groupings provides information on the generation of waste as an output from the production process as soon as the production process transaction is committed . Execution of the waste generation transaction will trigger an immediate update of the HWM grouping and will begin the countdown of the 90 day RCRA calendar for wastes accumulated on site without a permit.
- An Emergency Management Function (“EMF”) functional grouping provides for planning for response to, and monitoring the response to, spills and emissions of hazardous substances, including personnel training, emergency care, decontamination and notification of relevant regulatory agencies.
- Information entered in the HMI, HMM, HPM, HCM and/or FMF groupings, as well as information entered directly into the EMF grouping, is used to determine initial responses to simulated or actual chemical spills and 1 3 emissions and to prepare required reports and notifications for the cognizant regulatory agencies.
- the dynamic link between the EMF and HPM groupings allows management to review the permitted emissions of a given substance allowed by a site permit and to determine if the actual emissions for that substance are likely to exceed the emissions permitted under the permit, either in day-to-day operations or as a result of a spill or other unplanned event.
- a Facility Management Function (“FMF”) functional grouping can be used by a regulatory agency to track receipt of permit applications and dispositions, hazardous substance operations compliance, hazardous substance reports, release (spills, emissions) notifications and cleanup activities, and other related regulatory activities, classified by business name, by business site or facility, by class of activity, and by any other suitable classification.
- the FMF grouping may be linked with the HMI, HMM, HPM, HCM,
- HWM and/or EMG groupings to provide a regulatory agency or regulated facility with information needed to assess compliance by a regulated facility with notification, tracking, permit application and other requirements.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view ofthe eight functional groupings and data base link between these eight groupings included in the system according to the invention.
- Figure 2 illustrates the exchange of information between functional groupings according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Figures 3 and 4 are schematic views illustrating operation of the invention at a multi-site manufacturing business.
- Figures 5-22 illustrate one version of computer screen displays, presented to a user, containing information on the Chemical Profile Function used in the invention.
- Figures 23-25 illustrate one version of computer screen displays, presented to a user, containing information on the MSDS Definition Function used in the invention.
- Figure 26 illustrates one version of computer screen display, presented to a user, containing information on the Waste Definition Function used in the invention.
- Figures 27-28 and 37 illustrate one version of computer screen displays, presented to a user, containing information on the Waste By Location Function used in the invention.
- Figures 29-33 illustrate one version of computer screen displays, presented to a user, containing information on the Permits Function used in the invention.
- Figures 34-36 illustrate one version of computer screen displays, presented to a user, containing information on the Commitments Function used in the invention.
- Figures 38-48 illustrate one version of computer screen displays, presented to a user, containing information on the Emergency Management Function used in the invention.
- Figures 49-55 illustrate one version of computer screen displays, presented to a user, containing information on the Facility Management Function used in the invention.
- Figure 1 provides a schematic overview of the system, which is organized into seven or eight functional groupings in particular embodiments: (1) a Hazardous Materials
- HMI Hazardous Permit Management
- HPM Hazardous Permit Management
- HMM Hazardous Materials Management
- HRM Human Resource Management
- EMF Emergency Management Function
- FMF Facility Management Function
- the HMI functional grouping 11 is the hazardous substance information management foundation of the invention.
- the HMI grouping 11 manages and tracks information on all hazardous substances on site, whether these substances are pure chemicals, mixtures of chemicals, or mixtures of mixtures (as in mixtures of compatible by-product wastes), and provides information used in planning for responses to unscheduled releases of hazardous substances.
- pure chemicals and mixtures are profiled according to their chemical names and synonyms, designated hazard categories, exposure limits, emergency response and emergency care protocols, physical properties, compliance planning, reportable quantity levels, health hazard symptoms, chemical reactivity, handling precautions, etc.
- the comprehensiveness of the HMI grouping 11 is a central feature of the invention.
- the HMI functional grouping 11 enables users to define all MSDS-documented materials received and to track or record the location(s) and amount(s) of these materials on the site. Using document image processing technology, the HMI grouping 11 allows users to enter and store images of actual MSDSs. These images may be converted to text, using optical character recognition technology, and transferred to the database 91. MSDS- documented materials defined in the HMI grouping 11 are utilized for dynamic management of chemical inventory supported in the HMM grouping, and for reference in emergency response to spills and emissions in the EMF grouping 71.
- the MSDS definition structure is complemented by a waste definition structure that allows users to define wastes generated on-site, their components, characteristics, properties, average quantities and waste containers. These waste definitions may be utilized in the HWM 1 5 grouping 51 to monitor waste accumulation and to generate Hazardous Waste Manifests for off-site transport of such wastes.
- All substance information managed in the HMI grouping 11 is organized according to facility and location parameters defined by the user. Location codes are provided to enable users to identify all storage and on-site processing locations and to track all hazardous wastes for reporting purposes.
- the HMI grouping 11 calculates quantities, converts units of measure and lists the exposure thresholds and related requirements for each on-site hazardous substance.
- the HMI grouping 11 can also generate the SARA
- the HMM functional grouping 21 expands upon the identification of substance by location, provided in the HMI group 11, by providing dynamic hazardous material inventory management and tracking. Materials that arrive at the receiving dock of a facility may be tracked from receipt through temporary storage, stock room, transfer from an issue or shipping location, distribution and final consumption at a process or use location.
- the HMM grouping 21 allows users to record the quantities of chemicals covered by MSDSs that are stored at centralized or at decentralized stock locations. Chemical shelf life is accounted for by use of shelf life condition codes, based on date of manufacture, expiration date and extendability.
- Transfers of chemicals are tracked by amount transferred, container id. no. and destination. Use of transfer authorization logs allows users to document and review authorization of transfer of specific chemicals.
- the HMM grouping 21 is designed to facilitate communication with external receiving, stock control and shipping systems, using bar coding or other similar technology. Container movement can be tracked from one location to another, using bar code scanning.
- the HMM grouping 21 monitors receipt of chemicals and chemical mixtures into inventory, maintenance of inventory records, and consumption of chemicals and chemical mixtures, using process definitions and using manual drawdown for non-process consumption.
- Process definitions cover all chemicals used as input materials for a given process.
- Process templates provide users with reusable process definitions and with process run parameters such as process run date and frequency of use. Chemical emissions, outfalls and by-product wastes are tracked as they arise by the HPM, HWM and EMF groupings 31, 51 and 71.
- the HMM grouping 21 can generate in-house chemical transfer and usage reports and mass balance reports and can help track progress on source reduction efforts. 1 6
- the HPM functional grouping 31 complements the HMI and HMM groupings 11 and 21 by providing regulatory permit management from the regulated entity's perspective.
- the HPM grouping 31 manages both the permits and the activities covered by these permits, including ambient emissions (regulated under the CAA), effluent discharges (regulated under the CWA) and on-site waste storage and disposal (regulated under the RCRA).
- the HPM grouping 31 manages air, water and waste permits according to permit identification no., category, activation date, permit expiration date, renewal date, responsible party and other relevant parameters.
- the HPM grouping 31 allows users to define and quantify all releases that issue from a "permitted process" (covered by one or more permits for that process) or other origin and to track results from source reduction efforts. In this grouping, release types and quantities are associated with permitted releases, based on limit values or allowances under the applicable permits, with permitted devices and permitted release points.
- the HPM grouping 31 enables users to define or specify the parameters of: all devices used in a process, such as boilers, degreasers and leaking equipment; all control technologies used, such as scrubbers, afterburners and liquid separators; and all release points, such as stacks, pipes, and aggregated fugitives, for permit compliance purposes.
- Release monitoring including measurement of release rates and quantities at the source(s), is also supported by the HPM grouping 31 and the EMF grouping 71.
- Sample data are collected and organized according to sample data type and amount, sampling station id. no., laboratory id. no., sample results, etc.
- the HPM grouping 31 also allows users to compare permitted release data with sample data to make release reduction decisions. Release reductions, actual and projected, are calculated based upon upstream source reduction, downstream abatement and/or unit shutdown.
- the HPM and EMF groupings 31 and 71 may also be used to track release allowances or credits based upon reduction of pollutants as required under federal and state economic incentive programs.
- the HPM grouping 31 and/or the EMF grouping 71 associates release reductions, classified by pollutant, with marketable allowances and credits, such as bankable emission credits, that may be auctioned, sold or traded. Waste accumulated in above-surface or below-surface units, such as underground storage tanks, or treated or disposed of on the site is also tracked according to permit requirements.
- the HRM functional grouping 41 and the Emergency Management Function 71 manage all aspects of employee exposure to hazardous substances in the workplace, including implementation of workplace controls to improve worker health and/or safety and relevant employee medical information. Sharing common MSDS chemical and byproduct waste data, these groupings create link with all substances that pose a health or safety risk, all employees at risk, and all injuries and illnesses resulting from exposures in the workplace. Each employee is associated, through an employee identification number, with exposure-related activities and events.
- the HRM grouping 41 allows users to define 1 7 a process by identification numbers of employees participating in or affected by that process, by acute or chronic exposure of such employees, by medical examination and treatment of such employees, and by training of such employees. Employee transfer to and from specific activities can also be determined using this grouping. Each process is also tracked by a process identification number, including type, location and duration of process. Each process can be cross-referenced against employee acute or chronic exposure events to support, refine or refute an employee's Worker's
- Training information by attendee may be cross-referenced against injury and illness information to determine whether or not an affected employee had been given adequate training before exposure occurred.
- This training information includes lists of personnel trained for each of the first responder levels for an unscheduled or emergency release (emission or spill of a hazardous substance) and the update or refresher training received, or required to be received, by each such person. Performance of routine medical exams, accumulation of medical information, and other tracking or monitoring activities may be triggered by the cumulative exposure data on a given employee, or the employee may be reassigned to other duties.
- the HWM functional grouping 51 expands upon the process definition structures of the HMM grouping 21 to manage and track all by-product wastes generated on-site. Utilizing the waste recipes defined in the HMI grouping 11 and/or Waste Profiles, the HWM grouping 51 tracks all generated waste by waste stream, waste component and/or any other suitable waste attribute. Each waste that exits from a process is managed according to its ultimate disposition, whether that be reclamation, release into the environment, treatment, disposition as solid waste for on-site or off-site storage, or for contract haul.
- the HWM grouping 51 allows users to perform mass balance calculations to compare waste output with material input. Structures are incorporated to manage upstream and downstream waste minimization according to product change, input material change, process change and operation change. Waste minimization or source reduction results may be calculated in terms of actual or projected reductions.
- Wastes to be transported are tracked from point(s) of generation to accumulation and collection point(s).
- the HWM grouping 51 enables users to track containers, including drums and stationary tanks, by location code (from compass point to locker or 1 8 containment system number), and to monitor on-site waste accumulation within the RCRA ninety-day window.
- Containers packaged for transport may be cross-referenced by content with D.O.T. labeling and placarding information resident in the HMI grouping 11.
- TSDFs TSDFs
- HWM grouping 51 HWM grouping 51
- Historical manifests may be archived in the HWM grouping to establish a record of waste transactions from consignment to verification of destruction. User-defined reporting based on container sampling, cost of transportation and other manifest-related issues are also supported. Individual manifests may be tracked by generic manifest document number, state manifest document number, manifest certification date, container id. no., waste id. no., etc.
- the HWM grouping 51 can produce both the Facility Biennial Hazardous Waste report and the Generator Annual Report, as well as exception reports based on unreturned manifests.
- the HCM functional grouping 61 is a highly flexible commitments manager that enhances the information management features of the other functional groupings.
- the HCM grouping manages and tracks actual and contemplated commitments according to commitment type, description, commitment id. no., start date and end date for a commitment, commitment deliverable, responsible party and commitment status. Each commitment is broken down into activities, and each activity is further broken down into phases.
- the HCM grouping 61 enables users to define commitments for any work flow, paper flow or information flow tracked by the invention.
- a user enhancing a safety inspection table in the HRM grouping 41 may utilize the HCM grouping 61 to build a safety inspection schedule for periodic (date specific) inspection of fire extinguishers, eye wash stations and decontamination systems for employee work stations.
- the Emergency Management Function grouping 71 includes: statements of emergency response plans for different classes of emergency releases (emissions and spills) that are likely to be encountered in operation of a facility or site; locations, on site or elsewhere, of emergency equipment that may be needed to respond to an emergency release; identification of site personnel that have received emergency responder training and the particular response level(s) each such person is trained for; first response actions to be taken generally and for particular releases; problematical chemical or physical reactions that may occur if particular substances are released or combined, and actions that may be taken to suppress these reactions; emergency treatment for those exposed to particular chemicals in an emergency release; particular equipment that may be targeted by 1 9 a particular released chemical; notification and evacuation procedures to be implemented in response to particular releases; mutual aid and coordinated response agreements and procedures for responses to unscheduled or excess releases at this site or a neighboring site; remedial, cleanup and decontamination procedures to be followed after a release; and notification requirements for regulatory agencies at the time of the release and subsequently.
- the Facility Management Function grouping 81 provides regulatory permit management and emergency release/response monitoring from the regulator's perspective but may be used to assist or track compliance operations at a regulated facility as well.
- Information received and used in this grouping includes: identification of each regulated facility and the substances normally stored, used, made and/or treated there; identification of regulated facilities within each community; maps and floorplans for each regulated facility; permit applications and fees submitted, and application disposition, if any, for each regulated facility; compliance history and agency inspections for each regulated facility; complaints, verbal notif ⁇ cations,citations, violation notices and fines assessed for each regulated facility, and the facility's response to these; and court actions concerned with compliance and/or regulatory interpretation for a facility.
- the database schema 91 effectively links and fuses the invention's functional groupings, and thus eliminates data entry redundancy.
- the HMI functional grouping 11 provides the database schema 91 with the invention's core (critical) data sets. These data sets include the Chemical Profile, MSDS definition and waste definition structures of the HMI grouping 11.
- the relational database 91 utilizes the Chemical Profile, MSDS definition, waste definition and substance release response data sets to supply common data to functions throughout the system. The waste definition set is based upon the MSDS definition set and the Chemical Profile set.
- MSDS definition set in turn, relies upon the Chemical Profile set to profile MSDS product ingredients.
- the following examples indicate the scope of sharing or exchange of information between the functional groupings that are part ofthe system.
- the HPM and HRM groupings 31 and 41 may, but do not normally, share information with each other.
- the FMF grouping 81 maintained by a regulatory agency, can receive and share compliance information with each of the other groupings 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61 and/or 71. All other pairs of groupings, such as the HMI and HWM groupings 2 0 11 and 51, can and normally do share or exchange information relevant to regulatory compliance.
- the HMI grouping maintains data allowing conversion from one unit of measure to another, and these conversion data are accessed and used by the HPM, HWM, EMF and FMF groupings 31, 51, 71 and 81 in determining actual emission levels and permitted levels. Where permitted thresholds are exceeded, the required regulatory agency reports are prepared by the HMI grouping 11 and/or the EMF grouping 71.
- the HMI grouping 11 maintains chemical exposure limits, based upon the Chemical Profile and MSDS data. These data are shared with the HRM, EMF and FMF groupings 41, 71 and 81 in determining when an employee has exceeded, or is likely to exceed, that employee's exposure limit for one or more of the monitored chemicals.
- the HMI grouping 11 can generate the regulatory agency reports required for compliance, and the HCM and FMF groupings 61 and 81 track preparation and completion of such reports as commitments. For example, when a final version of a Tier Two Report is prepared and submitted, the HCM grouping would receive and store the date of completion and submission of this Report.
- the HMI grouping 11 or the HWM grouping 51 maintains Waste Profile data, including physical property information on the wastes generated at the facility. These data are accessed by the HWM and FMF groupings 51 and 81 to determine whether a given waste is subject to RCRA compliance requirements.
- Discharge of waste into the environment may be allowed only under a permit. If such discharge is covered by a permit, the HMI groupings 11 will share information obtained from monitoring of the permitted discharge operation with the HPM, HRM, HWM, EMF and FMF groupings 31, 41, 51, 71 and 81. Recycled waste, recorded under the HWM grouping 51, is also entered as received inventory under the HMM grouping 21.
- HWM grouping 51 Information on wastes discharged is recorded by the HWM grouping 51 and shared with the HPM and FMF groupings 31 and 81, to determine the total amount discharged in a given time interval and to check for permit compliance. As the permit limit on discharge is approached, special limitations on such discharge may be adopted, and waste generation may also need to be curtailed.
- the HMM grouping 21 may be consulted to determine candidates for process curtailment or shutdown.
- the HWM and EMF groupings 51 and 71 transfer exposure data on each employee to the HRM grouping 41.
- the HRM grouping 41 defines certain required events for each employee, such as periodic medical exams and training courses, and the HCM and FMF groupings 61 and 81 can track or monitor completion of these required events.
- the HCM grouping 61 creates a commitment to transport the waste to a TSDF.
- a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest is created, and the transfer to the TSDF is logged by the HWM and FMF groupings 51 and 81.
- the HWM and HCM groupings 51 and 61 also cooperate to provide a reconciliation of outstanding Certificates of Destruction, not yet received from the TSDF for a given waste shipment.
- the EMF grouping 71 shares response, notification and cleanup information on actual emergency releases with the HRM and FMF groupings 41 and 81.
- the following information is included in the Chemical Profile, MSDS definition and waste definition data and accessed by the relational database schema 91 as needed.
- the chemical locator, MSDS-by-location and waste-by-location subsets are also included for substance tracking.
- Group 3 physical properties BOILING POINT MELTING POINT VAPOR DENSITY WATER SOLUBILITY
- Group 5 reactivity group REACTIVITY GROUP NO.
- DESCRIPTION Group 6 hazard category E.P.A. FIRE E.P.A. PRESSURE E.P.A. REACTIVE
- EMERGENCYCAREPROTOCOLID.NO. EMERGENCYCAREPROTOCOL Group 11 storage and special precautions
- REMARKS Group 2 consumption information CONTAINER ID. NO.
- Group 1 permit identification PERMIT ID. NO. PERMIT TYPE CATEGORY 2 8 EFFECTIVE DATE
- WASTE QUANTITY Group 3 permitted devices DEVICE ID. NO.
- FACILITY NAME ID. NO. AND ADDRESS PERMIT APPLICATION ID. NO. AND DESCRIPTION PERMIT APPLICATION STATUS CODE 3 1 FACILITY INVOICED AMOUNTS, DATE(S) OF ASSESSMENT ,AND
- FACILITY NAME ID. NO. AND ADDRESS COMPLIANCE AC ⁇ ON ID., DESCRIPTION, SCHEDULED DATE,
- the above data blocks and fields illustrate use ofthe relational database schema 91.
- the invention utilizes these data to manage and track hazardous substance-related information across all flows of paper, work product, chemicals and complex data, for environmental, health and safety monitoring.
- Computer screen displays representing the Chemical Profile Function are illustrated in Figures 5-22; computer screen displays representing the MSDS Definition Function are illustrated in Figures 23-25; a computer screen display representing the Waste Definition Function is illustrated in Figure 26; computer screen displays representing the Waste By Location Function are illustrated in Figures 27-28 and 37; computer screen displays representing the Permits Function are illustrated in Figures 29-33; and computer screen displays representing the Commitments Function are illustrated in Figures 34-36.
- Computer displays representing the Emergency Release Function and the Facility Management Function are represented in Figures 38-48 and 49-55, respectively.
- the information contained in the computer screen displays for the Chemical Locator and MSDS By Locations Functions is similar to that contained in other computer screen displays.
- TLV Threshold Limit Value
- Exposure Limit if any, proposed by the O.S.H.A., and any other maximum exposure limit adopted by the user for a given chemical that is subject to hazardous substance monitoring.
- PEL Exposure Limit
- Each of the computer screens for a given Function is optionally provided with a small block, appearing in the upper left corner or elsewhere on the screen, and containing one of three marks or indicia: > or ⁇ or ⁇ >.
- a second block can be provided on each of these screens for that Group indicating that the presently displayed screen is screen number m of M screens (1 ⁇ m ⁇ 3 2 M).
- FIG. 3 and 4 An illustration of the magnitude ofthe information management challenge facing a regulated entity is provided in Figures 3 and 4, which illustrate operations of a manufacturing company, XYZ Manufacturing, Inc. ("XYZ”) that maintains two plants,
- Plant A Plant “A” and Plant “B”. Plant A ( Figure 3), located in Wheeling, West Virginia, manufactures specialty steel that is used for high strength architectural applications. Plant
- Plant B ( Figure 4), located in Southern California, manufactures wing and horizontal stabilizer subassemblies for the F15 Eagle fighter plane.
- Plant B includes one building in the City of Glendale and a second building in the County of Los Angeles. Both buildings of Plant
- Plant A and/or Plant B are in the jurisdiction of the South Coast Air Quality Management District. The following regulatory agencies have jurisdiction over operations at Plant A and/or Plant B.
- E.P.A Federal Environmental Protection Agency
- XYZ is required to meet reporting requirements for at least ten separate regulatory agencies. Requirements promulgated at the state and local level can supersede or supplement those promulgated by the federal government. Reports from XYZ that are required by each agency along with the supporting documentation impose a non-trivial cost to XYZ to manage and respond to.
- the system provided by the invention provides a cost-effective solution for companies such as XYZ that must manage their environmental, health and safety (“EH&S”) information. 3 3 XYZ must manage its EH&S information with the requirements of multiple regulatory jurisdictions in mind. Different regulatory jurisdictions may even have conflicting regulatory requirements.
- the requirements imposed by the different regulatory agencies on XYZ include the following. 1.
- Federal E.P.A. receives XYZ's annual filing of its process discharge reports, such as Toxic Release Inventory, or Form R report.
- Form R report also includes summary data on how XYZ complies with the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990. In its manufacturing operations, XYZ utilizes 100 separate chemicals that are subject to Form R filing requirements. 2.
- Federal O.S.H.A. enforces the Worker Right-to-Know or Workplace-Related
- Cal E.P.A. implements California-specific regulations relating to process discharges of specified hazardous materials.
- regulations of a state agency supersede federal requirements.
- the primary report that to be submitted to Cal E.P.A. to comply with its reporting requirements is the California Assembly Bill 2588 report.
- Cal O.E.S. is responsible for supporting hazardous materials-related emergency response actions.
- a written Accidental Release Follow-Up Notification is to be submitted to this agency to comply with the requirements of SARA Title HI, Section 304.
- Glendale Fire Department is responsible for maintenance of annual chemical inventory reports submitted by the XYZ site located in the City of Glendale. Glendale Fire Department requires submission of the annual chemical inventory reports on its own format.
- Wheeling Fire Department is responsible for maintenance of annual chemical inventory reports submitted by the XYZ site located in the City of Wheeling. Wheeling Fire Department requires submission of annual chemical inventory reports on its own format.
- Los Angeles County Fire Department is responsible for maintenance of annual chemical inventory reports submitted by the XYZ site located in the County of Los Angeles. Los Angeles County Fire Department requires submission of the annual chemical inventory reports on its own format.
- S.CA.Q.M.D. is responsible for monitoring the quality of the air resource within the boundaries of its jurisdiction.
- S.CA.Q.M.D. can promulgate and enforce regulations aimed at reducing the emission of air pollutants within its jurisdiction.
- S.CW.Q.M.D. is responsible for the monitoring and improvement of water resource quality within the boundaries of its jurisdiction.
- S.CW.Q.M.D. can promulgate 3 4 and enforce regulations aimed at reducing the emission of water pollutants within its jurisdiction.
- XYZ is thus faced with a plethora of EH&S-related regulatory reporting requirements.
- Each EH&S regulatory reporting requirement carries substantial civil and/or criminal penalties for non-comphance.
- the following example illustrates the magnitude of the information that XYZ must manage to meet its EH&S-related regulatory reporting requirements.
- Building 10 has 2,500 separate hazardous substances in use that are subject to EH&S reporting requirements. These 2,500 chemicals are in use in the manufacturing operation and have been defined to be hazardous by either a federal, state, or local law or ordinance.
- a Material Safety Data Sheet has an information update cycle, requiring revision and updating of information, of approximately once every six months. Revised
- MSDSs are sent by chemical manufacturers to the XYZ Safety Manager daily. Building 20 has 3,000 separate hazardous substances in use that are subject to regulatory agency reporting requirements. An MSDS is updated approximately once every six months, and MSDS revisions are received by the XYZ Safety Manager daily. Plant A (Wheeling, WV) Operation
- An XYZ employee requests a copy of the MSDS for Blue Solvent that the employee works with. Under federal and state O.S.H.A. Hazards Communication Standards, employees must have access to MSDSs for all hazardous substances with which they work. The only product identification the employee has for the chemical is what the chemical is called on the Shop Floor: Blue Solvent.
- Chemicals subject to the reporting requirements are in use throughout the facility. An accurate inventory ofthe chemicals in each location, as well as chemical storage type, storage temperature, maximum amount, average daily amount, and the number of days on site, must be reported. 3 5
- Underground Storage Tanks UST located on the Building 10 site are scheduled to be inspected for leaks in 15 calendar days by the City of Glendale Fire Department.
- TCE trichloroethylene
- TCE has been determined by the State of California to be a teratogen.
- Jane Doe alleges that, as a result of such exposure, she gave birth to a child with Down's Syndrome.
- Jane Doe requests medical damages on the order of $1 million, to provide for the future medical expenses of caring for the child, and punitive and exemplary damages of $2 million.
- the etching compound eventually drained out of the boundary of Plant A and went into the storm drain that feeds into the publicly-owned treatment works for the City of Wheeling, WV.
- the Safety Manager for XYZ received a call from the Plant Manager for Plant A at 11 : 15 a.m. EST.
- the Safety Manager was detained in commute traffic on the Harbor Freeway on the way to work at XYZ's corporate offices in Glendale, CA, and arrived at work at 8:30 a.m.
- the file copy of the MSDS would be located, a copy made, and the copy provided to the requesting employee. This assumes that the most recent copy of the MSDS is filed as the master file copy. If the company has violated the O.S.H.A. Employee Right-to-Know regulations, set forth in C.F.R. 29, 1910J200 as amended, civil and criminal penalties are provided for violations.
- a record of the MSDS request would be created and a copy of the record of request would be placed in the employee's personnel file.
- the process of creating a record of request and placing it in the employee's personnel file involves staff time to prepare the record of request, management time to review the record of request, and staff time to file the record of request.
- the chemicals on site that are subject to the Emergency Response Planning requirements must be determined, for use in the EMF grouping 71 and elsewhere. Because the different administering agencies have each specified a different set of chemicals that are subject to emergency response planning requirements, a further complication is introduced. After identification of the chemicals subject to such planning, the Emergency Response Plan must be developed. An existing plan must be updated periodically. Elements to be included in the Emergency Response plan include evacuation routes, analysis of geographic areas that would be affected by the substance if released, and any steps that are to be taken to mitigate adverse impacts on the environment as a consequence of release of the substance.
- An Emergency Response Plan is a living document, to be used if an emergency occurs. Therefore, emergency response personnel must have access to the Plan. As with chemical inventory reports, delay in preparing and submitting the required Emergency Response Plan carries substantial sanctions. 3 7
- Action items can be set up so that underground storage tanks are inspected on a monthly schedule. As tanks age, the frequency of periodic inspections should increase. Annual inspections are performed until the tank reaches an age of five years. Thereafter, inspections should be performed quarterly until the tank reaches an age of ten years. Without automation, the time for managing the inspection process is increased. If more creativity is applied (e.g., increasing the frequency of inspections as the tank ages), less time management is required.
- Litigation defense is a time-consuming activity.
- the record of chemicals that Jane Doe was working with during her employment at the XYZ Plant A site must be established. If hazardous chemicals (in this case, those with teratogenic hazards) are in use in Jane Doe's workplace, specific warnings must be provided concerning the teratogenic nature of the substance in use.
- the records of hazardous materials use must be cross referenced with the MSDS for each material.
- the MSDS for each chemical must be verified as to the currency of the information as of the time the MSDS was distributed. That is, the most current version of the MSDS that existed at the time Jane Doe was working with TCE may not have identified the material as teratogenic. Alternatively, the then-most-current MSDS may have identified the material as teratogenic, but because of misfiling, a prior MSDS was distributed that did not identify the material as being teratogenic.
- Timely response to an accidental release is critical to XYZ's avoidance of liability for civil and criminal penalties and to compliance with the requirements ofthe EMF and/or the FMF groupings 71 and 81.
- a specific set of response deadlines is set forth for notification of an accidental release. Failure to meet the deadlines results in the application of fines. If the failure to meet the deadlines is determined to be willful, criminal sanctions can be applied.
- a responsible individual at XYZ is designated for contacting the appropriate local Emergency Response representative to give verbal notification of the spill. As part of the verbal notification, definition of the substance spilled, magnitude of the spill, emergency response actions being taken, etc., must be provided.
- MSDS Inquiry Screen is used to request a copy of any MSDS that is loaded in a system incorporating the invention.
- MSDS records can be retrieved by the following criteria: Chemical Name; Trade Name;
- the invention will retrieve the record(s) matching the retrieval criteria.
- any of the following actions can be taken:
- the user can print the Chemical Profile appended to the MSDS.
- the invention will automatically record the following information about the transaction:
- This information is useful in tracking historical information about the information that was disseminated to the user. Collection of the information is automatic, and does not interfere with the use of the System.
- the user would enter the "Blue Solvent" in the Synonym field of the MSDS display. Pressing the 3 9 EXECUTE QUERY or other designated key would yield a list of records that matched the
- the System incorporating the invention can be programmed to provide a large number of reports.
- the base data are read by the report generator; then necessary sorting, formatting, etc. operations are performed; and the result is sent for printing.
- the only prerequisite to the report generation process is that the data be accurate.
- the process of acquisition data can be engineered into the collection process through the use of technologies such as bar coding, optical character recognition, electronic scales, etc. Each of these technologies could be integrated with the invention.
- Report production requires selection of the particular report to produce, using the screen displays. At that point, the System takes over, and all further actions are performed by the System. The total time requirement of the System user is a few minutes.
- the process of performing Emergency Response Planning is more efficient with the application of the invention for information management technology.
- the System can present regulatory agency guidelines for a specific chemical or chemicals. By sorting the list of chemicals used at a particular facility, chemicals subject to a specific regulatory agency's guidelines can be identified.Performing a secondary sort ofthe list of these chemicals will produce a list of sites where those chemicals are in use. This sort can be used to draft the Emergency Response Plan that would be submitted to a regulatory agency.
- the installation date of the underground storage tank is entered into the system.
- the System determines the date the first inspection should occur, for example, five years from the installation date. Subsequent inspections could be set at one-year intervals after the first inspection date, and the System would remind the user to perform these inspections at the appropriate dates.
- EH&S information management technology can yield great benefits to an organization. These benefits arise in two major areas.
- Prevention By elimination of the risk of hazardous materials exposure, the risk of litigation is proactively limited.
- the System facilitates elimination of hazardous chemicals from the workplace by reviewing all chemicals in use at a facility in the Chemical Profile portion of the System. Some or all of the chemicals that are set forth on certain regulatory lists (i.e., California's Proposition 65-listed chemicals) can be methodically eliminated from use in the workplace or replaced by other chemicals that are not so listed.
- (2) Reduction of Exposure Alternatively, where exposure is unavoidable, limiting employee exposure below the 4 0 applicable hazardous substance thresholds and documenting the exposure limitation is another means of proactively limiting the risk of injury, illness and litigation.
- the process modeling function of the System can be monitored to identify processes that emit excessive amounts of specific hazardous materials. Each processes resulting in an emission level greater than a selected threshold for a specific chemical is targeted for emission reduction. If emission reduction technology is not available, a range of options is available, including input material replacement, process substitution, process shutdown and product reformulation. Information management technology can be applied to identify those processes that emit at a level greater than the specified threshold. The invention would assist response to the lawsuit in the following manner.
- the System can be used to review the chemicals used in a given workplace for specific hazards, such as carcinogens, mutagens, teratogens, poisons, etc. These chemicals can be targeted for elimination from the workplace. In the foregoing example, if all teratogenic chemicals had been eliminated from Jane Doe's workplace by the time she began working at XYZ, the basis for her claim would be rather weak.
- the System can support reconstruction of the MSDS request history of each employee of XYZ.
- a list of all MSDS requests by a particular system user can be 4 1 generated. Possibly, Jane Doe did not request an MSDS when it was available for review during her employment at XYZ.
- the MSDS archive file would be reviewed to determine when the substances were determined to be teratogens. That information would then be compared against the historical record to determine when such substances were removed from the workplace. If the substances were promptly removed upon receipt of information that the substances were teratogens, the claim of intentional disregard for Jane Doe's health and safety would be rather weak. If it is not practical to remove the teratogen from Jane Doe's workplace, the next step in a conscientious program of industrial hygiene would be to warn Jane Doe of the presence and known dangers of teratogen(s) in her workplace.
- the mechanism for provision of the warnings regarding the hazards of the material(s) in use in the workplace could be periodic training classes.
- the dates and content of the training classes could each be tracked, in addition to the dates of follow-up training.
- Included with the warning could be an offer of reassignment to another task that reduces or eliminates Jane Doe's exposure to such teratogens. If Jane Doe had refused the offer of reassignment upon being warned of the hazard, her claim of intentional negligence on the part of XYZ would also be weak. 6. Accidental Release Notification.
- the System can track all events related to a specific accident or other event and can record the circumstances that led to the accident, for example, that the hoe portion of backhoe struck piping leading to storage tank, resulting in the release of 2,000 gallons of etching compound.
- the System can automatically determine the specific chemicals that make up "Etching Compound” and compute the amount of each chemical that was released, in pounds or another convenient unit of measure.
- the System can store a list of emergency response contacts as part of the emergency response planning function.
- the System can track the accident or other event, as well as the XYZ response to the event. Finally, when a release has been contained and cleaned up, the System can produce the follow-up Accidental Release Notification Report.
- the System can also provide relevant protocols, before the fact, for responses to unscheduled or excess releases of one or more hazardous substances.
- a System that incorporates the invention disclosed here can provide hazardous substance management for one facility or for two or more facilities simultaneously and can prepare, or be extended to prepare, any report or notice required for compliance with federal or state regulatory agency requirements.
- a first preferred embodiment of the invention includes the first seven functional groupings (excluding the FMF 81) plus the database schema. However, the invention will also perform satisfactorily with inclusion of the following five functional groupings plus the database schema: Hazardous Materials Index 11, Hazardous Materials Management 31 Human Resource Management 41 and Hazardous Commitment Management 61 and 4 2 Emergency Management 71. The invention will also perform satisfactorily if either the
- Management functional grouping 51 is combined these five functional groupings plus the database schema.
- the invention will also perform satisfactorily with three, four or five of the functional groupings plus database schema 91 , provided that two of the functional groupings included are the Hazardous Materials Index grouping 11 and the Emergency
- the Facility Management Function grouping 81 is integrated with the other 3-7 functional groupings, and the database schema 91 integrates and serves all of these functional groupings by rolling up all the information and sharing it between the appropriate functional groupings.
- the regulatory agency and the regulated facihty can exchange information relevant to operation of the facihty.
- the Facility Management Function grouping 81 is operated by a cognizant regulatory agency that receives and shares information with any or all of the other seven functional groupings plus the database schema 91, which are operated by one of the regulated facilities.
- identity numbers the indicia used for identification of, and distinction between, containers, locations, MSDSs, etc. are referred to herein as "identification numbers", these indicia may be numbers, characters, symbols or other indicia that distinguish two or more similar items, such as two containers, two shelves, two chemicals, etc.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/236,897 US5726884A (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1994-05-02 | Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance |
CA002322812A CA2322812A1 (en) | 1998-03-05 | 1998-03-05 | Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance |
CN98813963A CN1291303A (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1998-03-05 | Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance |
PCT/US1998/004156 WO1999045448A1 (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1998-03-05 | Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance |
BR9815709-4A BR9815709A (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1998-03-05 | Apparatus for monitoring and tracking the handling of hazardous substances in an industrial installation |
EP98908895A EP1058869A1 (en) | 1998-03-05 | 1998-03-05 | Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance |
IL13822298A IL138222A0 (en) | 1998-03-05 | 1998-03-05 | Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance |
AU66815/98A AU758707B2 (en) | 1998-03-05 | 1998-03-05 | Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance |
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US08/236,897 US5726884A (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1994-05-02 | Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance |
PCT/US1998/004156 WO1999045448A1 (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1998-03-05 | Integrated hazardous substance tracking and compliance |
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WO2007117522A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | 3E Company Environmental, Ecological And Engineering | Vendor msds management and regulatory compliance systems and methods |
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FR2576699B1 (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1987-08-07 | Bataille Gilbert | DEVICE FOR INDICATING DANGERS AND ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN THE EVENT OF AN ACCIDENT OCCURRING IN THE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES |
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US5077788A (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 1991-12-31 | Taro, Inc. | System and method for processing telephone communication |
US5185699A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1993-02-09 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Method and apparatus for maintaining plant operation procedures |
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-
1994
- 1994-05-02 US US08/236,897 patent/US5726884A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-03-05 BR BR9815709-4A patent/BR9815709A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-05 WO PCT/US1998/004156 patent/WO1999045448A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-03-05 CN CN98813963A patent/CN1291303A/en active Pending
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WO1993018466A1 (en) * | 1992-03-02 | 1993-09-16 | Alternative Systems, Inc. | Integrated hazardous substances management unit |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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"THE INTEGRATED MATERIALS MENAGEMENT SYSTEM A HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MANAGEMENT PROGRAM", PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 1994 NATIONAL AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE NAECON 94, vol. 2, - 23 May 1994 (1994-05-23), USA, pages 1280 - 1287, XP002078882 * |
P.TURNER ET AL: "CHEMICAL LABORATORY HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT AT A DOE MULTIPROGRAM NATIONAL LABORATORY", WASTE MANAGEMENT 90: WORKING TOWARDS A CLEANER ENVIRONMENT, vol. 1, 25 February 1990 (1990-02-25), USA, pages 747 - 751, XP002078881 * |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007117522A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | 3E Company Environmental, Ecological And Engineering | Vendor msds management and regulatory compliance systems and methods |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9815709A (en) | 2001-10-16 |
US5726884A (en) | 1998-03-10 |
CN1291303A (en) | 2001-04-11 |
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