WO1999039908A1 - Method and apparatus for coating a surface - Google Patents

Abstract

An assembly for depositing a coating composition on an inked layer or an uninked surface in a printing process comprises, in accordance with the present invention, a container (30) for a coating composition, a printing press (36) including a blanket roller (34), and transfer componentry extending from the container (30) to the blanket roller (34) for transferring the coating composition along a predetermined path from the container (30) to the blanket roller (34) for deposition on a substrate (29) by the blanket roller (34). A heat exchanger (40) is disposed along the transfer path for changing the temperature of the coating composition to a predetermined temperature different from ambient temperature during transfer of the coating composition from the container (30) to the blanket roller (34). A control unit (50) is operatively connected to the heat exchanger (40) for regulating the operation of the heat exchanger (40) so that the coating composition transferred to the blanket roller (34) attains a predetermined viscosity.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COATING A SURFACE

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a method and an associated apparatus for the deposition of coating compositions, particularly including but not limited to aqueous coating compositions, in printing processes including wet-trap, gravure, offset (waterless or using water) , silk-screen, flexography, off-line dry-trap, and related printing processes. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for depositing barrier coatings on paperboard trays and related items for use in the food industry. These barrier coatings are particularly useful for influencing the moisture vapor transition rate (MVTR) and oil and water resistance in paperboard packing to be used to store moisture sensitive foods.

Use of the present invention allows the adaptation of an aqueous coating to virtually any printing method without changing the chemical content of that formulation. The present invention, in certain embodiments, utilizes exceptionally high levels of solids in printing coating compositions and unexpectedly obtains acceptable viscosity, flow characteristics and mechanical transfer for these compositions. In addition, the present invention is readily adaptable to virtually every type of coating process used to coat inked, uninked and related surfaces . The method according to the present invention may also be adapted for use in the food industry to deposit barrier coatings on paperboard for food storage in order to influence the MVTR and oil and water resistance of the underlying packing or storage material . Background of the Invention

Aqueous coating compositions of a resinous thermoplastic coating material (clearcoat) such as thermoplastic, (meth) acrylic or (meth) acrylic-styrene copolymer in the form of emulsions are well known in the printing industry and presently are being used to coat inked and uninked layers during wet-trap, off-line dry-trap, gravure, offset, silk-screen, flexography and related printing or coating processes using an aqueous coating composition.

In one aspect of the above-referenced printing processes, an ink layer is first put down on a substrate in the form of paper, cloth, fiberboard, corrugated box, etc. and depending upon the process, the ink layer is first allowed to dry before it is coated, or is coated wet. In other methods according to the present invention, the coating may simply be placed onto an uninked or ink-free substrate. The aqueous coating serves to provide certain film characteristics including gloss, mar resistance, oil and water resistance, MVTR, and protection of the inked, uninked or related surface, adhesion and other characteristics. These film characteristics are generally determined by the weight of the coating applied and the amount or percent of solids used in the coating composition.

The prior art materials used as coatings in combination with the current print coating techniques are grossly limited in the solid contents that may be uniformly deposited onto a substrate from a coating composition and the degree of gloss value that a coating may obtain. In addition, as presently employed, the formulation of one aqueous coating may only be used in one or perhaps two processes; it is virtually impossible using the present methods without the present invention to provide one formulation which may be readily adapted for use in wet-trap, off-line dry-trap, gravure, offset, silk-screen, flexography and other printing processes.

In wet-trap in-line printing processes an ink coating (usually a hydrophobic ink) is first deposited onto paper, fiberboard, cardboard, corrugated paper or similar material, as a wet ink and then an aqueous coating is deposited onto the wet ink layer such that the ink is "trapped" under the aqueous coating to provide adequate film characteristics. In dry-trap off-line printing processes the ink is first dried before an aqueous coating is deposited onto the ink layer.

Gravure and flexography printing processes employ plates or etched cylinders (generally containing inverted pyramids) to deposit the ink layer (usually a water-based or solvent-based ink) which is generally dried before being coated by an aqueous coating. The result is a smooth finish without screen or dot pattern. In these applications, it is critical to have adequate mechanical transfer and flow characteristics to obtain adequate surface tension and favorable film characteristics after deposition.

In offset printing processes, the image to be reproduced is copied photographically upon a metal plate with a solution containing water to prevent the ink from adhering to the non-image area. When placed upon the appropriate cylinder of an offset press, the metal plate is inked in the image area only and makes an imprint of the image on a rubber- covered cylinder, which in turn, prints upon sheets of paper which are automatically fed into the machine. After the image has been deposited onto the paper, it may be coated using an aqueous coating in order to enhance the physical characteristics of the ink surface. Newer techniques in offet utilize waterless plates which keep the ink from adhering to the non- image area without the use of water, alcohol or fountain solution.

Silk-screen is a process employing a stencil to print a flat color design through a piece of silk or other fine cloth on which all parts of the design not to be printed have been stamped out by an impermeable substance .

The viscosity and consequently, the flow characteristics and mechanical transfer of an aqueous coating composition as used in printing processes, are directly influenced by the chemistry of the formulation, in particular, the percentage of solids that are present in the composition. In general, as the amount of solids in an aqueous coating composition increases, the mechanical transfer of the coating generally suffers, because the coating composition becomes too viscous to be efficiently deposited using the techniques presently available in the art. Often, the viscosity of an aqueous composition is the limiting factor in determining the transfer and the degree of usefulness of the coating composition. In general, upon application of an aqueous coating composition onto an inked, uninked or related layer, acceptable mechanical transfer will provide for a coating evidencing acceptable flexibility, durability, film-thickness and gloss, among other favorable film characteristics. In compositions which are too viscous, i.e., have poor flow characteristics and thus evidence inadequate mechanical transfer, the tendency is to produce a coating which evidences a "ribbing" or an uneven deposition of the coating. Inconsistency generally results from a coating having high viscosity.

The standard measure of aqueous coating viscosity in the printing industry is generally determined using a Zahn cup or equivalent. Zahn cups are identified with numbers representing the size of flow holes in cups. For example, the #2 cup is designed with a smaller hole than the #3 cup. To determine viscosity, a cup is chosen and then dipped into the aqueous coating composition until it is filled to the top. The composition will exit the cup from the hole depending upon the size of the hole and the viscosity of the composition measured. The composition stream leaving the cup is then timed with a stopwatch until the cup empties. The time that the composition takes to completely exit the Zahn cup hole in seconds represents the composition's viscosity. The viscosities of compositions may be compared directly based upon the equipment and the mechanical application used. Often the selection of a type of Zahn cup design used is based on the type of printing method utilized.

It is commonly known in the trade, for example, that the viscosity values (measured using a Zahn Drip Cup or equivalent measuring device) necessary for effective mechanical transfer for all printing methods will vary, based upon the mechanics of that printing process. For example, in the case of gravure printing processes, the viscosity for an aqueous coating useful in this process ranges from about 15 to about 60 seconds measured with a #2 Drip Cup. Silk screen printing requires a viscosity range of about 12 to about 23 seconds (#2 Drip Cup) . In the case of flexography printing, the viscosity of the aqueous coating ranges from about 20 to about 60 seconds (#2 Drip Cup) . In the case of offset printing, the viscosity of the aqueous coating ranges from about 15 to 30 seconds (#3 Drip Cup) . One of ordinary skill will understand these values to represent exemplary useful ranges for practicing the present invention. The actual ranges may vary depending on the equipment and application used.

Under the present practice in the industry, the method employed for changing the viscosity of an aqueous coating formulation once it reaches the printing plant is to change the chemistry of the formulation, i.e., adjust the viscosity of the formulation by adding resinous material to increase viscosity or alternatively, by adding solvent to decrease viscosity. This is a time consuming and inefficient practice, especially where there is a need to use an aqueous coating in more than one type of printing process. To avoid this problem, there presently is a need to have several formulations of aqueous coating on hand, in order to accommodate the varying mechanical transfer requirements of the various printing processes. One aqueous coating formulation will simply not suffice .

In the present practice, the transfer of the aqueous coating composition is limited by the viscosity, which is affected by the amount of solids contained in the composition. As one increases the amount of solids, the viscosity of the aqueous coating also increases. It is generally recognized that as the amount of resin in the aqueous coating increases, the gloss, durability, film-thickness and related coating characteristics may tend to increase. Present coatings, however, are limited in the amount of solids that can be used without so dramatically increasing the viscosity of the coating formulations that they cannot be used in traditional printing processes. The present invention seeks to address this limitation to produce coatings having extremely high gloss, durability and film-thicknesses heretofore unknown in the printing industry using coating compositions which can be easily adapted for use in virtually all printing processes.

One of the major problems facing the printing industry is the need for using large amounts of volatile organic compounds or VOC's in aqueous coating compositions. Although a major component of an aqueous coating composition is water, in a majority of cases, in order to produce compositions containing high solid content, VOC's are added to the aqueous composition to lower the viscosity of high solids content compositions. At present, it is often not feasible to produce high solids content aqueous compositions without adding substantial quantities (greater than about 5% by weight) of at least one VOC, such as ethanol , isopropanol, a ketone, ether or the like. The addition of the VOC in present aqueous compositions is known to compatibilize the solids in the composition, thus producing a less viscous product than is produced without the VOC. Even with the VOC, however, the amount of solids that may be added to a composition is quite limited; the result is an aqueous coating composition which cannot produce the extremely favorable coating characteristics (espe- cially high gloss values in combination with mar resistance, durability and flexibility) which are desired in today's market and which are produced using the method of the present invention.

The present invention may be adapted to provide extremely favorable coating characteristics, including high gloss value, increased film integrity and enhanced mar resistance without having to resort to the inclusion of substantial quantities of VOC's (which is the present practice) . Thus, it is finally possible to formulate a single coating composition which will exhibit favorable mechanical transfer during coating and favorable film characteristics after deposition. This is an unexpected result. Thus, by utilizing the present invention, a single aqueous composition containing low VOC's or even an absence of VOC's can be generally adapted to a number of printing methods to provide exceptionally favorable coating and mechanical transfer.

In the food industry, paperboard having a moisture barrier coating has recently been used to replace polyboard (for use as food trays and related plastic food packaging material) for providing MVTR and oil and water resistance in storing food. In its present form, a moisture barrier coating (in preferred embodiments also incorporating oil and water resistance) is coated onto the surface of the paperboard so as to ultimately create a surface which can influence the moisture vapor transition rate and lower it to a level which is compatible with the storage of food, especially meat, poultry and other perishable items. Presently however, in order to create a coating thick enough or dense enough to materially impact the moisture vapor transition rate, an aqueous coating solution must be applied at least two or three times on a paperboard surface and subsequently dried. This has created great inefficiency in producing food packaging material and a clear need in the art exists for a process which can produce an adequate barrier coating on paperboard in only one coat . The method according to the present invention may be used to provide a barrier coating on paperboard in only one application, unlike the prior art methods. Objects of the Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a rt tr μ- Hi ii μ- Pi rt OJ TJ < rt OJ J £ OJ TJ μ- a rt Ω μ- rt OJ TJ rt TJ rt 0 Ω Ω 3 μ- Φ CQ PJ Φ ø φ 0 TJ ii o 0 ii Φ ii OJ ø Φ 0 tr ø 0 ii tr ii ti ø 0 0 φ

0 ft Ω ra XI J J Φ o Ω 0 μ- Ω 0 • ; XI J Φ Ω 0 Φ μ- OJ 3 OJ 3 rt ø H μ- Φ μ- 0 tr ØJ ra OJ 0 < XI 0 < Φ 0 TJ 3 ø OJ 0 < ø J Φ rt TJ tr

Φ Ω ra p. rt CQ Φ ii Φ CQ ιø 0J μ- tr OJ μ- ii Hi CO ii μ- ø Λ OJ H- Ω rt ii μ- 0 0

J^> OJ CQ φ tr μ- OJ ø ø rt Pi rt rt P- ØJ μ- 0 CQ 3 ø rt P. 0 μ- 0 0 O Pi Iti tr Pi • $, ra Φ rt 0 rt rt 0 Φ μ- Φ μ- Φ μ- <! rt < rt φ Φ μ- φ OJ ø XI ø XI μ- μ- μ- tr μ- CQ 0 0 0 ø < ø ø 0 μ- μ- ii ii 0 0 rt XI ti CO rt OJ o

Ω ] μ- μ- en Ω ø Φ CO μ- H rt ø XI OJ H o XI OJ H ii ø Pi H -< 0 ø XI OJ H μ- OJ Ω μ- ø 00 t ^ tr Ω ø rt 0 XI Pi ø rt 0 CQ rt o rt ø OJ XI Φ rt ø ra rt ø TJ < J 0 0

Φ tr μ- OJ ^*> < Ω 3 - Ω 3 ø tr 0 CD Ω 3 X^") ii ø ϋ M ø

Hi X! CQ rt rr OJ μ- tr Φ μ- øJ Ω 0 Φ μ- ra 0 Φ μ- 3 ØJ ØJ μ- Hi Ω 0 Φ μ- 0 ti μ- TJ *- o

0 φ <! tr h-" μ- ø Φ ø ra 0 0 3 rt CQ 3 rt ra φ Φ ra TJ o 3 rt CQ Ω Ω Φ ø 0 ti μ- Φ OJ Φ 0 Ω ii rr OJ TJ tr 0 TJ tr ii tr 3 rt ii OJ TJ tr 0 Φ - rt ra T3

OJ OJ ϋ ØJ X5 0 rt φ μ- ^ μ- rt 0 0 ra ø 0 o ^> 0 3 μ- φ ra tr μ- rt 0 0 OJ 3 CD μ- μ- OJ ØJ

0 0 0 ~< OJ ø ØJ tr μ- 0 Φ ø μ- CQ Pi rt rt CQ Pi Φ ø Φ XI rt rt Φ ø H- ra 0 TJ CD 0 ø rt ii ø φ Pi tr Ω rt Φ ø ø rt r ø μ- μ- O μ- rt CQ Ω tr tr μ- rt 0 μ- 0 φ Hi X) μ- rt

CD X! μ- OJ 0 μ- X^*! rt ØJ rr 0J tr 0 Ω μ- X) rt OJ ØJ CQ CQ Hi 0 μ- OJ

• 0 ii Pi 3 ø Hi ØJ rt CQ μ- 0 OJ μ- ø 0J TJ OJ ra Pi 1— ' 0 ø μ- ø Pi μ- CQ J 0 Ω ra

Hi rt Φ μ- TJ X! 0 0 rt OJ Ω 0 P. 0 0 0 ii ø 0 OJ XI Ω 0 P- Pi rt s; Φ ii O 0 CQ i tr OJ rt μ- 0 0 tr μ- ^ 0 0 0J 0 ^\ 0 μ- μ- 0J OJ rt 0 ø μ- μ- μ- rt 0 •> 0

0 Φ rt -< rt m Ω Pi ØJ TJ φ 3 - o 0 μ- 0 rt ø Ω μ- ø μ- TJ 3 0 rt 0 rt Ω 0J Ω

3 ii H H- μ- 0 ii ii ii TJ ϋ 0 ø Ω ii tr rt 0J Pi p. Hi ø ii J ϋ μ- 0 tr φ 0 ϋ μ- < rt 0 rt 3 μ- ii 0 0 TJ rt pr 0 Φ μ- ra ø XI 0 0 TJ 0 CQ 0 ra ra 0 !— ' OJ rt 0 0 0 μ- TJ ø μ- <! ØJ μ- CQ OJ ØJ tr 0 OJ ϋ ø 0 ii Ω ra øJ øJ ø ø μ- CQ rt rt tr tr μ- OJ 0 0 Pi Φ μ- ø ø μ- i 0 φ rt 0 XI rt Ω ϋ rr Ω Φ μ- ϋ 0 OJ 0 rt φ O Φ

Φ ø 3 h-¹ 0 CQ 0 ii Pi rt rt ii OJ PJ 0 ii 0 tr 0 CQ r rt ra Pf O μ- P. φ ii μ- CQ φ OJ ø μ- μ- OJ • ; μ- øJ tr J OJ ø OJ φ 3 CQ μ- μ- 0⁾ φ tr OJ ø

Pi Ω Ω 0 0 rt r rt Ω Pi ø 0 Ω CO 0 Φ ø ra ii ø rt 0 ii TJ Φ 0 Ω ra 0 Pi OJ CD μ- 0 Ω 0J

Φ rt 0 < tr 0 μ- H 0 ØJ Pi 3 ø ø CQ tr ii μ- CQ φ 0 ra Φ 0 CQ ø ø ra tr <! Ω ø TJ

CQ ra 3 μ- (_l. 0 ~< ØJ μ- Φ ra 0 ø 0 Ω Ω Hi 0 OJ 0 ra ra 0 l-J. μ- μ- ii Ω μ- 0 TJ

Ω TJ Pi φ Pi 0 rt 3 rr ϋ - ØJ Ω φ μ- X3 Ω rt Φ φ rt CQ tr μ- 0J Ω φ ø ø Φ ø P. OJ ii 0 0 Φ Ω ϋ μ- μ- φ μ- 0 ii μ- Ω ø μ- CQ ii CQ rt μ- ii μ- Ω X) Φ 0 f μ- ii μ- Hi 0 rt "< 0 ø ø rt 0 ø Ω ø^j rt ø 0J 0 O Ω 0 φ μ- rt 0 ø^j rr rt 0 Pi φ ø 0J

TJ Φ Ω 0 X3 tr ø CQ 0 ~< rt ø 0 rt Hi Φ 0 0 Ω Ω 0 tr ø ^ rt tr rt μ- P. X3 rt rt rt 0 0 0 0 0 ØJ 0 Φ 0 0 Φ ra ø ØJ μ- rt ø 0 rt Φ 0 0J 0 ø 0 μ- tr rt OJ Hi rt 0 μ- TJ rt μ- Hi 3 3 P. rt rt rt ø^j ø 0 μ- Pi Hi rt Hi X! 0 tr CQ

0 Φ ii rt tr φ CQ ii OJ ø φ 0 tr 0 μ- rt 0 rt ø OJ ii 0 ø ~< μ- rt Φ 0J 0 μ- μ- Ω OJ rt ii ii OJ Φ ø Φ Hi OJ Ω OJ rt J Φ S rt Hi J ø tr ØJ P. ø tr ø ø TJ tr 0 Φ TJ OJ X^") tr TJ tr ii rt X Φ ø 0

0 ii SO 5 Φ J J Φ Pi rt μ- 0 TJ φ 0 TJ TJ 0 rt OJ s; ø J Φ μ- Φ 0 rt 0 ø ϋ

Hi Φ ø ra ØJ TJ TJ ^~, φ μ- ø Pi øJ ra rt OJ ii Ω OJ IT < Φ i OJ ø ii 3 μ- 0

CQ J TJ 0 0 Ω ø XI μ- i TJ tr ii Φ μ- 0 TJ Φ μ- rt μ- ii T3 rt ii rt ø rt Pi rt Φ 0 ϋ Φ μ- CQ ii rt XI ø OJ ii J ØJ øJ ra ø 3 TJ ø ø øJ ii μ- rt øJ ii Pf φ tr ø Ω 0 φ ii Ω μ- OJ X! rt φ ii 0 rt φ t TJ OJ TJ XI 0 XI rt Φ ø tr J OJ Φ TJ

Φ rt 0 ra tr J rr 0J OJ TJ ø 0 ra μ- ø ø Φ 0 ii ii ii 0 CQ X3 Φ tr J Pi μ- 0 øJ OJ Φ 0 rt Φ 0 Ω H tr ra φ ø ØJ CQ rt Pi CQ OJ Φ rt tr CQ Φ "< - 3 ra

TJ μ- rt ø OJ μ- P. Ω 0 OJ 0 ø rt tr μ- rt ra 0 Pi ø 0 TJ Ω ra μ- μ- ii 0 H- 0 rt ii 0 OJ 0 Ω tr rt Hi rr μ- 0 Hi μ- 0 rr ø Φ ii rt Hi rt ii tr OJ 0 ø rt rt φ < ø 0 Pi 0 0 CQ Φ CQ 0 ø 0 0 0 ii μ- CQ ø OJ ^ 0 0 Φ ø Hi ϋ Φ μ- Q Φ XI μ- - ø CQ i CQ Φ 0 H μ- sQ rt ii <! 0 rt 0 ii μ- Ω 3 Pi Hi Hi ø

Φ ø ^* 0 OJ 0 μ- CQ ø 0 ø φ ø ø Hi rt μ- 0 ø Φ μ- OJ cø o ø rt Ω φ < ø tr TJ Ω ø Φ Ω rt Pi <! J LΠ Pi ø 0 H

0 μ- Φ ø rt Pi < CQ ra ϋ Ω rt rt μ- tr ii Φ P- *< øJ μ- X! m φ φ φ ii o\° Φ rt μ- φ ii ø ii pr Φ Φ CQ rt φ μ- Φ 0 ØJ

0 ØJ 0 TJ 0J • TJ ø 0 TJ μ- ø <! <! J 0 • ii ø vo μ- 0 ϋ 0 rt ØJ φ rt rt 0 μ- 0 rr Ω tr 0 0 r tr Φ rt CD μ- 0 rt ^ OJ Φ μ- OJ Ω o

0 ØJ Hi μ- ii Φ 0 Hi 3 CQ μ- Φ ^ m 0 φ μ- ø tr 0 3 m μ- r ø 10 0 o

< 3 Ω 0 tr μ- μ- 0 CQ μ- tr rt Φ ii μ- μ- 0 0 Φ Pi 0 ØJ

Φ ØJ rt ra 0 0 0 rt rr rt 0 m rr rt μ- μ- Hi rr rt 0 Hi i ii Φ rt in ø -< Φ 0 0J tr Φ μ- φ μ- 0 rt 0 OJ Φ μ- 0 μ- 00 ^*i ϋ ^*i φ Pi ø rt CQ ø 0 Ω ø rt ø 0

Pi X! 0 XI φ 5 0 CQ }

rt Hi rt ϋ TJ CQ OJ rt Ω 3 rr rt 3 0 Hi 0 μ- Pi rt HI ra Φ ti ØJ rt Ω rt tr Hi TJ ii Hi TJ TJ TJ ω tr 0 Φ 0 i Φ 0 μ- 0 ØJ Φ Φ δ TJ i Hi 0 Φ 0^** ϋ 0 X 0 0 Φ 0 Φ Φ 0 ti 0 Φ ii ii 0 ti

OJ 0 3 H μ- i 0 3 μ- 3 3 <! φ 0 Ω J Φ 0 Ω Pi 3 0J 3 0J ii φ -> ii μ- 0 ra μ- rt Ω TJ 0 0 0 TJ ø TJ TJ Φ ii 3 rt 0 ϋ 3 rt tr TJ rt J rt -> ø Ω μ- φ O rt Φ Φ ti Φ 0 0 rt φ Φ 3 øJ tr ø CQ 3 tr OJ Φ Pi Φ μ- Φ Pi φ Φ Ω rt Φ rt Hi o rt μ- ii ii CQ μ- Hi CD OJ ti ti Φ rt rt φ Pi μ- 0 rt OJ ø ti μ- ti 0 i Φ Φ rt ii 0 μ- ra μ- S tr 0 ØJ rt ø 0 μ- μ- ØJ ØJ ø μ- tr Φ rt Ω tr rt ω • Hi OJ XI 0J X TJ Φ 0 ø ra 0 α vo vo

Φ 0 rt 0 rt T ti rt ø rt rt rt ø Φ tr μ- 0 Φ Φ Hi rt rt Ω 0 ϋ Hi Pi XI 0 Φ o

CQ 0 rr o φ H μ- μ- 0 ø H X! Φ OJ 0 0 H rt ϋ Φ ø Ω 0 tr CQ 3 0 0 Ω CQ 00

Ω ii 0 rt P. & 0 0 ø ii ϋ tr 0 rt 0J ø TJ tr Pi tr > i ii 0 ti 0J μ- μ- ti μ- TJ 0 0 ø Ω

0 rt Φ i Ω Φ ø XI φ Φ φ Hi T3 Φ rt 3 Φ Φ φ Hi Φ Φ 3 Φ ø rt ø rr ϋ 3 0 ii

OJ 0 0 OJ tr CQ TJ 0J OJ 3 μ- ii Φ TJ 0 Ω 0 J X5 μ- φ rt Φ 3 ØJ μ- rt 0 0 0 0J 0 0 0 rt ra 0 tr rt ii J Φ Ω O Ω 0 Ω ii 0 rt ra 0 0 Φ 0 ti Φ ra ti OJ CQ μ- t Hi Φ CQ ø ϋ CQ tr 0 Hi Φ tr OJ Φ X i M TJ 0 CD 0 0 ø CQ Hi ti 0 OJ X Q μ- 0 CD rt ø Φ Hi X! Hi μ- OJ φ OJ Φ 3 ti Ω 0 o 0 μ- ØJ i rt Hi tr μ- J ø rt ra φ μ-

10 X) rt rt Φ Φ 0J rt ra φ rt rt Φ ØJ tr Ό Φ ra rt rt rr Φ ii ti m rt rt Pi 0 OJ CQ Φ μ- φ μ- 3 0 ø tr Φ i Ω μ- ra Ω I-¹ tr CQ rt rt OJ ti ii μ- ti μ- μ- X! 0 O rt μ- tr μ- 0 rr Hi 0 ø ra ø ø' 0

Ω Φ 3 rt Φ 0 φ 0 ~< Φ Φ 0 Φ ø ø 0 rt 0 0 0 ø 3 OJ 0 Φ co tr Φ Pi Ω pr

0 OJ TJ 0 tr XI OJ X tr ti ti J Ω øJ μ- ø XI ø ø TJ ØJ ii μ- ØJ Φ ^ 0

3 rt Ω Φ Hi Φ μ- * rt rt Ω a CQ CQ Φ Φ Φ 0 0 ØJ μ- OJ rt Ω 0 Hi ii ø 0 Pi Hi J Φ 0 ii ø OJ μ- tr 0 tr rt ii CQ Pi ø 3 ti Ω rr ra 0 μ- rt 0 CQ CQ ii μ- X^*! a Ω 0

0 ØJ 0J rt rt ^ 0 ϋ 0J ØJ OJ 0 CQ CQ φ OJ 0 O μ- OJ tr ØJ φ 0 0 ø μ- 0 i rt ra rt rt rt tr Φ OJ Ω X3 0 rt ø rt Hi Φ μ- 0 rt P. ^ 3 ø 0 ti rt Pi σ 3 XI Hi ø ø OJ ø-^* μ- tr μ- ø Φ 3 O μ- 0 μ- X3 Φ ø ø H tr J XI TJ rt o μ- O ϋ XI rt ^•<; ØJ Φ rt φ 0 ϋ TJ TJ OJ ø Ω X) ø Φ rt CQ Φ TJ μ- Φ 0 φ Φ "< 0 ø øJ rt rt rt 0 OJ Φ J μ- XI Φ Ω Φ ti rt O tr X! ii rt tr 0 ii TJ ii ø ti CQ rt ti X3 X! ii tr tr 3 OJ μ- ϋ J

0 0 0 ϋ μ- μ- OJ 3 tr Φ ϋ Φ i CQ 0 Ω μ- tr OJ TJ Pi tr 0 0J Φ Φ ø ØJ 0 ø TJ CQ OJ OJ ø ø Ω TJ ØJ Ω μ- ϋ CQ 0 0 X OJ rr Φ rt φ μ- Ω 0 rt rt Ω φ 0 ϋ <i φ Φ 0 rt rt rt XI Ω 0 0 ø 0 TJ OJ T XI tr μ- ø rt μ- μ- i Hi rt 0 X5 Φ Ω Ω tr 0 ii ti OJ Φ μ- ii TJ tr μ- 0 μ- 0 ra rt 3 Ω 0 ϋ 0 0 ii ra 3 Pi rt 0 o <! OJ Hi tr 3 0 0 Φ OJ rt 0 ø PJ 0 ra ø ti ø Ω ti μ- ϋ TJ X! μ- Pi 0 OJ rr OJ Φ 0⁾ ø TJ Φ rt φ Φ TJ rt tr ø OJ rt Hi 0J ø rt rt ra rt XI Φ XI 0 rt ØJ 0 ø tr ø CQ 3 ti rt μ- φ 0 ti 0 tr ^*- rt rt Ω μ- o ø CO μ- rt μ- μ- OJ 3 OJ μ- ø ω Pi rt μ- φ 3 0J Φ øJ ø rt i ^>< ti φ Ω CQ Φ OJ μ- 0 ø ti 0 tr 0 rt ø Ω 0 TJ TJ ø 0 ra μ- Φ rt μ- ø Φ rt ra i ØJ Φ ø 0 μ- rt μ- ø ø XI 0 Hi 0

Φ 0 μ- rt 0 Hi i 0 Ω ø Hi rt CQ tr ø rt Φ " rt OJ rt Ω rt ø rt Ω tr ø ω rt OJ ø 0 o μ- 3 0 CD Φ φ μ- Φ X! 0J 0 • Φ ØJ ø μ- 0 0 Pi μ- 0 Φ Φ OJ i μ- ii

Ω 0 0 ø^j TJ rt Ω μ- φ i 0 3 Ω rt rt 3 CQ o 0 Hi Hi 0 o ø ϋ Ω μ- Φ Ω ø

0 Hi 0 tr Φ rt Ξ CD 0 Φ ø TJ Ω rt 0 0 TJ TJ Hi 0 0 ii μ- 0 Pi 0 0 TJ 0 PT Pi

0 ii ra Φ CQ μ- μ- CD 0 OJ μ- ti 0 Φ H φ ti Φ φ rt O rt 0 Φ rt 3 Φ O OJ φ Φ rt 0 -< μ- CQ 0 rt Φ Hi rt ø J Φ ii i tr OJ ϋ φ ii 0 Ω tr 3 μ- TJ 0 TJ ti CO rt TJ

0 tr rt Ω - 0 tr 0 0 CQ • CQ Pi TJ Φ Φ OJ ii Hi rr Φ Pi rt 0 0 μ- μ- 0 μ- φ H" Pi μ- 0 rt tr CO OJ φ XI 0 rt φ Φ Φ ØJ rt 0 ra rt CQ rt rt 0 CO ra rt Φ μ- 0 OJ rt 0 rt μ- Φ OJ Hi ~ 0 ti ø Ω μ- ø rt Pi rt Pi Ω 3 0 i Hi μ- tr μ- 0 μ- XI 0 μ- tr ii Hi 0 rt tr 0 tr ØJ OJ 0 Ω ØJ -¹ o J ii Φ tr 0 Q¹ μ- 0 rt Φ rt 0 ti rt

0J φ Hi μ- Φ Φ rt TJ ii μ- Φ rt OJ 0 Φ ti rt Φ rt ØJ μ- OJ ø ti μ- μ- rt ø Ω Hi μ- rt OJ φ rt 0 ØJ ti ø 0 r rt tr 3 0 0 rt φ XI 0 P 0 tr 0 ØJ ø rt rt i 0 XI tr 0 T-J ^• ; Φ Φ Ω Ω £ ti Φ i Φ m μ- tr μ- ø TJ Ω ø Φ 0 φ ii 3 Ω X3

OJ H3 Φ Φ ti 0 Pi tr μ- Φ 0 rt φ ø rt Φ rt 0 rt ii rt tr TJ 0 T3 φ μ- Φ tr ø rt Ω ØJ μ- φ Ω Φ Φ OJ 0 rt rt Ξ ø Φ tr OJ tr XI Φ i ØJ ti 0 OJ P. 0 OJ ø X φ rt tr 0 rt ø ra 0 i rt ø tr i tr Φ ra Φ rt Φ rt Pi OJ ø 0 CQ φ ra μ- ra Ω φ 3 ^** φ 0 10 Φ XI μ- OJ Φ 3 Φ 0 Pi Φ Φ 0 XI μ- 0 T-J^* Φ μ- ø Ω

0^* Ω Hi TJ Φ φ ø ra ti μ- ø 0 rt ØJ ø ii < ra Φ tr Φ 3 rt O μ- rt 0 0 ii rt 0 O rt OJ 0 ii Pi 0 X Pi rr rt ^ 3 ø ω rt OJ 0 ^ μ- 0 X Φ TJ TJ Φ Hi ø Φ μ- X! CQ μ- OJ OJ H tr 0 0 0 φ CQ Ω ØJ μ- XI tr TJ rt CQ ra tr Ω OJ 0 Φ ii φ XI i 0 μ- 0 rt rt 3 μ- tr μ- ø rt ø t/r

OJ X! J ϋ Φ Hi φ Hi tr ø Ω Q tr rt CQ i 3 ii 0 OJ rt OJ ø TJ μ- VO rr Φ ii o rt OJ ØJ ø rt tr Φ rt ØJ ii Φ ϋ 0 φ Ω 0 rt ØJ μ- OJ μ- rt μ- ii ø VO ti 0 ØJ CQ μ- ø ^ < Φ α tr rt Φ OJ ii tr ra ii ø rt rt ø 0 tr OJ ii 0 rt μ- X5 O

0 ø μ- 0 XI φ Φ μ- ϋ φ Φ Pi rt rt μ- OJ XI μ- ø φ Hi φ ø 0 0 ti OJ ø » fji

0 O *< rt ø Φ ii 0 ø φ tr μ- tr OJ rt rt Φ 0 ti P. P. SO rt Ω m

Φ 0 μ- i tr 0 OJ 0 Φ O ~< Φ i ø Φ rt ø μ- 0 00 0 0 Hi Ω ø ii CO tr ØJ Φ CD ø 3

0 ti T Φ ϋ XI

TJ Hi μ- TJ Hi Hi J 0 CQ 3 rt ω Φ tr Ω rt TJ μ- rt 0 P. Ω < tr rr Pi Ω Ω Ω T3 μ- rt

0 0 0 0 0 0 i Hi ~< Φ Φ i ra Φ 0 tr 0 ø φ tr TJ μ- 0 μ- φ ti φ 0 0 0 ti ø Φ

CQ ii <! CQ ii 0 0 ra rt 3 μ- ra OJ OJ Φ μ- Ω ti OJ Φ Hι OJ ti OJ 0J 0J 3 OJ μ- pr μ- J3

Φ μ- ϋ Ω P. rt tr TJ Φ φ rt rt ø rt ϋ Hi rt rt rt ø H- rt T-J rt ra φ J VO rr Ω ø rt Ω Φ μ- φ 0 Φ Hi ø μ- α rt 0 øJ OJ φ μ- ø m <! H- 0 μ- φ Pi Φ vo μ- 0 rt μ- 0 ti ra Hl 3 Pi ϋ rt φ ø φ Pi rt rt rt ti 0 Φ φ Hi Φ 0 CD ø ra i GJ

0 0 μ- 0 0 Φ ra Hi øJ α μ- 0 XI TJ Pi Φ rt tr μ- φ XI X Φ ii XI μ- 10 - OJ VO ø rt 0 ø rt OJ φ φ Hi OJ rt Φ ø φ 0 0 CD OJ φ 0 ø 0 Ω ti -< rt ØJ rt V ra oO ϋ ^ 0 ti ^**τ] Ω ra ii 0 •Ti Ω ø ^ ii Ω ra S *J μ- 0 rt Ω Hi tr i i μ- Ω μ- * ; 0 00 μ- 0 μ- μ- 0 μ- rt Φ ii μ- Ω ii μ- Ω XI 0 CD μ- 0 P. Φ ø Ω 0 0J μ- 0 Φ 0 0 ø Φ ti ø sQ ø ω 0 tr ø X3 0 Φ XJ ii ~< ^ 3 rt CD Φ X3 ra 0 0 Hi 3 rt ø ø Hi TJ ø 3 ii 3 Φ

0 0 ii Φ rt Φ ø ti ø μ- TJ P. μ- rt ti ø OJ Hi ti TJ tr X^") X3 0 J ØJ φ •

OJ μ- i ØJ μ- ti ra μ- 3 ϋ P. Ω ii ϋ Ω ϊ- 0 μ- 0 ii μ- OJ rt 0 0 φ Φ rt CD ØJ 0 Ω 0 rt

0 Φ ø Φ • ø TJ TJ Φ μ- 0 Φ rt 0 tr CQ CD 0 Φ < OJ μ- rt 3 CD ii tr tr μ- CD Ω ti tr J ω TJ X! X) ϋ ø ø μ- 0 μ- μ- Ω OJ μ- rt TJ 0 tr μ- tr φ Φ rt 0 μ- 0 0 ϋ ifc. ii ω μ- 0 NJ X! rt μ> 0 CD rt 0 ii 3 ø μ- i X3 Φ OJ rt Φ Pi ØJ μ- 0 rt i PJ Pi μ- rr μ- rt ØJ ø ^ i ø rt φ μ- ra 0 XI ø φ ø μ- OJ μ- rt Ω 0 XI μ- ø ø Φ μ- ø Φ μ- Pi rt μ- TJ rt 0 TJ OJ 0 ra l-¹ 0 XI P. Ω tr ~ 0 rt 10 0 0 0 0J Hi rt 3 ra rt 3 ra OJ μ- ø ii 0 ti o 0 3 ø φ Hi rt Φ 0 φ 0 TJ Φ 0J OJ ø 0 ø 0 μ- J μ- TJ TJ ø XI 0 0 Hi rt ØJ i Φ Φ rt rt 3 ØJ rt φ 0 0 rt ti Ω 0 i ø Φ ØJ ø Φ ØJ rt XI <! rt <! <! μ- μ- ϋ rt 3 tr Φ TJ rr Φ μ- 0 ra Φ μ- 0 TJ μ- Φ μ-

XI i XI ti Φ ØJ μ- tr Φ μ- rt μ- ø CΩ OJ tr TJ φ ϋ 0 3 co φ φ ti 0 i ø ø

OJ Pi OJ tr Pi TJ Φ CO P tr ø rt tr OJ Φ Φ 3 ra Φ TJ ti Pi ) XI Φ ≤ pr Φ

3 rt μ- 3 rt ϋ ra Φ ra φ Φ ØJ Ω 0 0 i 0 μ- μ- X Φ Ω XI ^ Φ P. ØJ μ- φ TJ

Φ ø ØJ Φ ø 0 tr 0 μ- ra J φ CQ Ω μ- tr ! Pi TJ OJ TJ ø rt Ω ii ø' ^• ; μ- Ω ti φ rt P. 0 rt ti XI rt ti Ω ^ Ω ø ii ^►fl 0 ø ØJ φ ØJ rt φ Φ μ- tr OJ ØJ ø tr 0 rt Ω tr CQ tr Φ ϋ tr Φ -^* Φ ω ØJ Φ OJ μ- 3 μ- ø •» øJ rt 0 ii Pi 0 ØJ rt 0 rr Φ 3 0 Φ 0 ra μ-

0 OJ 0 OJ CQ CQ 0 ø J ø XI tr i øJ ø ø ø X! ϋ l_J. rt J Hi ϋ ø rt ø rt

P. OJ 3 P. OJ p. Pi CQ φ TJ φ ϋ TJ ø 0 X! Φ rt TJ - Φ rt < XI ti Φ OJ 0 s: 0 3 rt tr ϋ μ-

0 0 μ- 1—1. Φ μ- 0 μ- ii CD Pi tr ii μ- μ- Pi Φ Φ Pi 0 X Φ m OJ μ- OJ Φ Hi ø μ- Pi μ- μ- Pi ø 0 CQ Ω Ω rt ϋ Ω Φ μ- rt Φ μ- Hi Hi 0 ra Φ i O rt Φ μ- ø μ- 0J XI ø h-¹ ø ID

XJ CQ 0 rt Φ rt ra rt tr ra ø 0 φ 0 Ω 0 rt Hi OJ ø rr TJ φ ø J Ω

<! < ti rt ØJ 0 μ- ØJ 0 μ- Φ 0 rt rt ti φ 0 μ- μ- Hi 0 Φ J μ- ϋ Pi φ ii Φ OJ

ØJ μ- 0 ØJ μ- OJ μ- rt rt ii ø Ω i 0 μ-¹ Φ Pi 0 ra <J ra i 0 rt 0 μ- ii Φ

Ω co ra Ω ra 3 0 tr μ- μ- <! rt μ- 0 ØJ φ 3 CD Φ tr Hi μ- Φ rt øJ CD tr ø ø 3 CD μ- Ω

Ω Ω rt Ω Ω XI Φ ø ØJ φ O 0J Λ TJ 0 X 0J rt ti ii tr μ- Φ rt OJ φ ø 0

0 0 ti 0 0 μ- XI ø ϋ 0 ^ Φ tr OJ Ω rt ^ Φ Φ Φ TJ rt rt rt μ- rt ø øJ ti CQ øJ ti ra Ω rt Φ ii ra 3 Pf tr X! ϋ tr μ- Ω 0 ø ø^** Φ rt OJ rt

P. μ- rt Pi μ- μ- 0 Ω ϋ μ- ≤ ti 0 rt OJ rt T-J Φ ø Pi Φ Φ 0 0 X3 μ-

ØJ rt μ- OJ r ø ra OJ 0 Φ 0 tr^* Φ ø tr rt ti Hi rt Φ 0 OJ rt Hi μ- μ- TJ 0

0 ^ 0 0 ^ ra Ω rt M TJ ø μ- TJ CD ϋ ø OJ Φ ii tr 0 ØJ TJ Φ rt rt tr TJ i < ø i X)

Ω XI Ω rt 0 μ- J ti • Ω ii 0 ti rt - 0 Φ 0 rt Φ rt μ- φ ti 0 φ <! μ-

Φ 0 Φ 0 ϋ CQ ø 0 Φ tr Φ Ω ø Φ Φ 3 0J rt φ CD Φ 3 0 ø Φ 3 ϋ Φ ø Ω

Hi 0J Hi OJ μ- CO CQ CQ ra 0 XI • OJ rt tr i μ- i TJ XI Pi CD μ- 0 rt 0 s- 0 $. rt rr μ- Φ Ω φ OJ tr 0 rr OJ Φ rr 3 Φ rt φ ra rt ø rt μ- 3 μ- 0J 0 μ- 0J μ- "< l-ti rt ø 0J ø rt Hi φ o μ- μ- ti tr Ω J - tr XI μ- ø TJ rt rt rt 0 0 μ- rt 0 rt μ- OJ ØJ 3 <! & ii 0 ø OJ Φ 0 0 Φ 0 XI 0 tr Ω tr tr Ω XI μ- ϋ 0 OJ OJ 0 rt Φ Ω Φ 0 Φ rt 3 ra ØJ rt 0 CQ

0 Φ 0 ø 0 rt tr rt XI rt tr 0 OJ tr TJ Ω P. ø J J μ- ø Ω tr TJ μ- rt OJ ϋ rt OJ OJ Φ μ- Φ μ- ϋ Φ μ- ra ØJ 0 0 ti ii OJ 0 rt Pi 0 Φ ti rt tr r tr rt ø φ ØJ μ- O 0 Ω OJ TJ 0 ø CQ 0 0 rt Φ rt CD μ- 0 tr 0 μ-

Φ μ- OJ Φ μ- ØJ Ω ø ø 0 0 0 0 OJ ii XI μ- rt Φ tr μ- 0 rt Ω 0 Ω 0 n rS

0 ra ø OJ Ω tr CQ 3 ra 10 tr Φ Φ rt ii O rt 0 TJ OJ 0 Φ 0

TJ Q ar TJ X) ra - OJ 0 Φ 0 TJ Hi 0 Φ 3 ii μ- 0 φ TJ Hi μ- ii μ- OJ Pi ra ti φ ti ra 0 Hi Pi Hi 0 Φ Φ rt Φ 0 ti Φ 0 ti μ- ø rt μ- ra 0 CΛ

3 CD vo φ Ω φ Ω Φ 0 Hi ø ti 0 -^> ø 0 ϋ rt ω 0 0 0 φ μ- ø 0 v

CQ 0 ø^* ra 0 Hi ø OJ μ- OJ μ- 0 Φ rt Φ OJ tr h- ' i ii _^o

§^< ø ω Ω o, φ 3 (-^■ φ 3 rt s- ø rt 0 O Φ i Pi rt Φ øJ XI 0 OJ N ø 1 ^ ø 1 M rt tr μ- Hi 0 0 H3 ø 0 Φ r rt ØJ 3 0 > in rt rt ^ tr Φ φ rt 0 CD tr i Pi ϋ 0 0 1 00 Φ ti tr ø 1 0 Φ Φ

Φ OJ OJ

OJ rt rt 0 X! 3 OJ Hi Ω 0 ØJ μ- rt rt 3 Ω rt TJ Ω Ω Ω TJ 3 Hi OJ Φ OJ Pi ØJ OJ rt D TJ μ- ØJ μ- tr tr Φ rt φ μ- 0 0 CQ CQ μ- tr φ 0 tr ii 0 tr 0 ii φ h-¹ 0 ø Ω Φ 10 tr Φ ti ø ra ø

CQ Φ ϋ tr 0 X ra ϋ 0 Φ TJ 0 ii rt TJ ii Φ 3 ØJ 0J 0 Ω 0 0 rt rt TJ J 0 ii rt Φ XI CQ <

Φ μ- φ φ rt 0 3 rt ti Ω 0 0 tr 0 0 ω TJ ϋ rt Ω tr S Φ Φ 0 ii Φ 0 ØJ CQ Φ φ vo ø •a O ii ti 0 ii μ- OJ μ- OJ ø ØJ H 0 φ 0 ØJ μ- Φ OJ 0 μ- ti CD μ- 0 ø μ- Φ Ω ø VO

Ω ii rt OJ i Hi ø μ- μ- ø TJ μ- ) Ω 1 XI ø ra Ω 0 CD ø Ω 0 ø μ- μ- ø ø X5 M 0 0 ¹ rt OJ tr rt μ- rt XI m μ- tr ra <! CD rt rt CQ tr Φ rt 3 I—¹ μ- VO

Φ Φ μ- Ω Φ ØJ XI ø ø rt OJ ø tr ϋ V

CD Ω 0 Ω ra μ- tr 0 ^•^ φ 0 rt φ φ Ω OJ Φ rt μ- μ- 0 Pi TJ ^ 0 oO

0 Φ O rt J rt ø rt 0 H ti 0 H μ- μ- ii Ω CD OJ ti Ω ø μ- 0 ø Ω ø Hi μ- 0 ^ 0 00

3 ^><: 0

Hi ø . TJ Hi 0J 0 Φ tr XI Φ tr rt tr μ- rt tr 0 0 μ- 0 • 0J 0 rt Ω 0 X! 0 rt tr o ø CQ Hi μ- • rt 0 ØJ 0 Hi Φ Φ Φ Ω 5^> Φ < 0 ra 3 Ω OJ μ- ra 0J Φ φ <! μ- 0 XI

< 0 $ rt Hi J 0 rt tr rt Φ CD rt J rt rt rt 0 ØJ TJ rt rr CQ Φ rt ti ø o μ- H φ <! OJ 3 φ TJ ti Hi Hi tr rt OJ μ- tr rt 0 μ- 0 > ti Φ μ- ø 0 ϋ ti μ- tr rt Ω ø μ- ii π 0 0 0 0 rt 0 Φ Ω ii 0 0 Φ Φ Ω Ω φ Φ rt 0 Ω CD O OJ ϋ 0 Hi φ 0 0 φ Φ ii rt 0 Ω Φ

< rt H^* Φ H ϋ rt Φ Ω tr ti i μ- tr ϋ μ- ø ra μ- ø μ- X! Ω X5 ii μ- μ- 0 O

CD Φ J CD OJ ti •» μ- ra Φ Φ 3 CQ 3 i ra 3 0 rt rt OJ CD cα 0J μ- Φ ra 3 ϋ 0 0 U1 ø OJ rt Φ < φ ra μ- J μ- J 0 O OJ μ- Hi rt Ω < 0 ø ra Ω TJ rt 0 μ- rt rt ii $, μ- OJ 3 ØJ φ ø ra ø 0 Φ = ra Φ = • ø 0 XI Φ μ- 0 μ- 0 Hi CD 0 Φ μ- ø ti μ- μ- rt tr ø 0 rt XI Hi Ω OJ Φ Ω ,— . μ- Pi 0 φ ii Ω 3 CQ Φ I-¹ 3 Ω rt O 0 ra

0 μ- μ- φ tr ØJ ØJ μ- .0 m 0 μ- 3 ø - 0 ra T3 Ω 0 0 TJ μ- ti 0 OJ ->

0 Ω Ω ra μ- 3 μ- Ω Pi OJ Hi 0 rt i Hi φ pr Ω φ 0 0 0 ø Φ 0 Hl 0J OJ ø tr 0 OJ μ- X! 0 ø Ω Φ μ- φ Φ μ- rt φ 0 0 ϋ Hi 0 CD CD CO 0 M CQ μ- ø 0 TJ μ- i rt Hi tr ø <i 0 J CD Ω 0 ii μ- Ω tr Pi 0 0 ØJ Hi μ- μ- Ω OJ μ- Ω CQ Hi ii ø Pi

OJ ØJ 3 X5 μ- 0 Φ ti O 0 OJ ø m ra ØJ — ' CD φ rt rt rt Ω Φ CQ rt OJ Hi μ- XI μ-

Λ ii ØJ OJ φ 3 rt 0 Pi CD rt ra rt OJ OJ Φ tr rt μ- ~< O Φ μ- rt Φ rt ø ø^j

0 ^ 0 Φ ϋ 0 CD rt μ- μ- 0 μ- o Pi μ- Ω 0 10 Ω ti 0 tr 0 OJ ~ 0 μ- ti tr rt rt X)

Φ ~< μ- OJ μ- ø rt rr 0 Ω Hi φ 0 i P. 0 0J ø ra Φ ø μ- rr tr ø 0 Φ μ- Φ ii

0 OJ Ω ra ØJ Φ 0 0 X! Φ μ- ø 0 ti ø ^> Φ 0 Φ ra co μ- ^• ; Φ 0 ø 3 ØJ ø TJ HI rt ø Ω Hi 0 Pi 0 ØJ rt μ- 0 0 φ Ω ø Hi rt 0 H XI TJ ii HI Ω 0 rt ø rt rt tr < rt 3

CD OJ 0 rt Ω 0 0⁾ XI rt Hi 0 rt ti 0 Φ φ Φ 0 0 0J O 0 O μ- Φ Φ 0 rt μ- ϋ 0 3 tr tr μ- 0 < 3 ii μ- μ>

Ω Hi Ω 3 0 OJ 0J ØJ 0 ø CO P- Φ 0 -< OJ tr 3 TJ μ- TJ Ω Φ Ω tr φ φ OJ M o

0 φ rt TJ Φ 0 ti 0 rt rt Φ ιø Φ Pi pr 3 ^ TJ 0 Ω tr 0 μ- Φ Pi 3 0 rt rt

OJ ti 0 0 tr 0 3 Φ Hi Φ 0 φ 0J 0 ra - ^> 3 < φ Φ φ rt tr ø 0 rt ϋ 0 0 0J OJ ≤ £ ØJ Φ ø CQ Ω OJ ϋ ra i Pi rt rt <! CD μ- CQ TJ μ- ø CQ Ω μ- 0 ϋ CO μ- Φ ti 0 Pi 0 Φ 10 OJ Ω 0 Ω 0 Ω tr μ- OJ μ- rt μ- 0 o Ω φ Ω tr 0 Pi Φ rt ø Pi P. 0 μ- 3 0 TJ ø ra i μ- 3 ii _*~. ra Φ Ω ii rt μ- ii Ω CD Ω ^ TJ i OJ ø i ua μ- μ- φ X3 0 φ ii μ- μ- TJ P. μ- 3 ø OJ ^• ! μ- 0 OJ OJ μ- 0 0 μ- ø μ- OJ OJ

Φ 3 .— _^ rt 0 tr H^* 0 Φ 0 tr 0 CD ØJ tr φ tr 3 μ- 0 ø 3 rt ra 0J ra tr μ- ø 0 rt

Ω TJ < μ- rt a Ω ø¹ ø Φ ø r ø Φ CO Ω Φ rt CD φ I-¹ ø 0 CD OJ μ- μ- 0 μ- Φ Ω Pi μ-

0 ti o 0 CQ Ω CQ Φ 0 μ- 0 i tr rt Ω ~< XI ra rt Ω 0 rt P. rr OJ ØJ ø

3 0 0 o 0 Hi 0 ø OJ 0 OJ rt ϋ ~< 0J ϋ tr OJ μ- tr ø ^ φ rt Ω <! XI

TJ Pi <! — ' So ra μ- Ω rt rt ti ø μ- I-^* OJ øJ ØJ μ- rt μ- 0 Ω øJ ra Ω P. tr Ω μ-

0 μ- Φ - 0 0J 0 μ- 0 3 μ- 3 Ω rt ø ø tr ø P- ØJ ϋ 0J 0 Φ rt 0 ra ^<

CD 3 3 ti 0J μ- 0 P. OJ ø μ- Ω 0 ii Φ μ- Hi Φ ØJ ø 0 0 0 ti i Ω Φ μ- φ Ω ØJ ra < 1 rt ø XI μ- 10 = !*! ø -< ra Ω TJ Ω Ω CD Pi CQ ø OJ ØJ & 0 rt rt ø 0 0 0 Φ Hi ^•≤ μ- <! ra 0 rt ØJ 0 ØJ 0 <J ii 0 ^ rt Φ μ- rt tr ø OJ O μ- rt 0J P. 0 0 Φ ø Φ OJ J φ μ- ø Ω 3 μ- TJ Φ μ- μ- 0 Φ Pi rt CQ 0 μ- ra ø μ- OJ

0 D rt <! rt ti μ- XI ø 0 φ 0 CD ti μ- Φ Ω 0 0 m ø CQ μ- i tr rt Hi Ω rt 0

0 μ- 0 φ - 3 XI rt ii 0 Φ P. ti = ϋ rt Ω Ω rt Φ ø μ- μ- Φ φ OJ μ- φ Φ ~< 0 m OJ ø TJ ø μ- tr Ω μ- μ- Q O ø ra - CD i Φ 0 μ- 10 Hi CQ ø ø rt ii rt

Ω XI rt rt ø ø rt O 0 ø μ- ra μ- 0 0J CD ø 0 I-¹ rt Hi Ω Q ^ s^> 0 tr o •O^*

Ω Ω μ- CD XI 3 ø pr 0 Ω φ rt TJ CΩ øJ 0 rr μ- XI Φ 0 μ- rt ^ 0 μ- Hi Φ

0 0 Ω 0 0 Hi TJ ø 0 P. tr 0 0 CD tr rt 0 Φ Ω tr 0 ti 0 μ- rt ϋ ø (/3 ti tr 0 0J TJ μ- 0 3 Φ ø rt Hi Φ ^ rt 0 Φ 0 Hi Hi ra tr OJ vo rt Pi ØJ OJ 0 CQ ØJ s- TJ ti 1 CD Φ H^* Ω 0 Hi OJ vo

ØJ μ- ti -¹ 3 μ- > ~ tr 0 Φ Φ rt ii Hi 0 < Φ Hi TJ Ω Ω OJ 0 rt Ω O

^~< 1 r φ μ- m 0 φ Pi 0 Hi - CD ii tr Φ 0 ra tr K) μ- ø ØJ 1 rt a 0 OJ ø X! Ω ^ μ- i Ω μ- Hi ii 0 0 φ OJ φ Φ 0J in

1 OJ Φ 0 tr 1 • rt Hi s; OJ rt ra μ- 00 ii i rt

ØJ rt ii ø μ- 0 tr tr 1 1 ø 1

ø 0 - ø ii φ Φ

11

The term "volatile organic compound" or "VOC" is used throughout the specification to describe most volatile solvents other than water which are used in the aqueous coating compositions according to the present invention. VOC's include, for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, methylethylketone, various esters including methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, among others, including chlorinated hydrocarbons, various ethers and alkanes, among others. In preferred embodiments according to the present invention, aqueous coating compositions according to the present invention contain no greater than about 5% by weight of a VOC and most preferably, an absence of VOC's.

The term "coating" is used to describe the film that remains on the ink, uninked or related surface after deposition and drying of the aqueous coating composition. Coatings which are conventionally used in the coatings industry include for example, Blister Card Coatings, characterized primarily by excellent adhesion, heat reaction and fiber tear; MATT Coatings, a low gloss coating characterized by a low gloss value of about 10° to about 30°; Semi-gloss coatings (relatively low gloss value) characterized by low gloss value of about 30°- 40°; Barrier Coatings, characterized by MVTR and water and oil resistance; Heat Resistant Coatings; Anti -Porosity Coatings; Mold Resistant Coatings; Heat Resistant Barrier Coatings, characterized by MVTR, water, oil and heat resistance; Overprint Coatings, characterized by high gloss, mar resistance, exceptional durability and adhesion and protection of the underlying substrate; Prime Coatings, characterized by their primer characteristics including good holdout and minimal absorption; and Alkaline Resistant Coatings, among others. The film characteristics of the coatings related to the present invention are determined primarily by the componentry and amount (or percent) of solids and other additives used in the aqueous coating composition.

The terms "film-forming polymer" and "film-forming resin" or "resin" are used synonymously throughout the specification to describe the low or high molecular weight polymers or resins which are added to the aqueous coating compositions according to the present invention to instill favorable film characteristics to the dried coating. Film-forming polymers 12

for use in the present invention include thermoset resins, thermoplastics, UV-cured or curable film-forming polymers and mixtures of these film-forming polymers or resins.

The present invention relates to methods for depositing aqueous coatings onto an ink layer to provide adequate film characteristics such as mar or scuff resistance, durability, rub resistance and gloss.

In one aspect of the present method, an aqueous coating in the form of a solution, dispersion or emulsion is deposited onto a dry or wet ink layer. When the ink to be coated is dried before the aqueous coating composition is deposited, the ink may be any chemical composition typically used in printing, but is preferably insoluble in a hydrophilic (aqueous) solvent and in particular, the polar aqueous solvent or solvent mixtures used in the aqueous coating compositions according to the present invention. Thus, the ink coating may be comprised of hydrophilic or hydrophobic inks as typically used in the printing industry, with the proviso that the dried ink preferably should not be miscible with or soluble in the coating composition used to coat the ink layer. Otherwise, the coating may produce smudging or smearing of the ink layer during deposition as the coating and ink layer interact, a condition to be avoided if possible. Depending upon the printing process, it may be preferred to use hydrophobic inks (wax-free or containing wax) or hydrophilic inks to impart favorable characteristics to the final coated substrate.

In instances where the printing process employs a wet- on-wet process, for example, a wet trap in-line process, the ink used is wet (i.e., still contains significant amounts of solvent) during the deposition of the aqueous coating. In this process, it may be preferred to utilize a hydrophobic ink. After deposition of the ink layer, the aqueous coating, preferably in the form of a porous coating, can be deposited onto the ink layer. The use of a hydrophobic ink will generally minimize the tendency of the ink to smudge while both layers are still wet, at least in part.

In the present invention, depending upon the printing process utilized, the amount of ink deposited as the first layer and the amount of aqueous coating composition deposited as the second layer will vary over a wide range, and conse- 13

quently the viscosity, flow characteristics and mechanical transfer of the aqueous coating composition will also vary over a rather wide range .

In the present method, the aqueous coating composition may be deposited by any process, including rolling the composition onto the substrate. By using the present invention, viscosity is virtually eliminated as a critical characteristic .

The aqueous coating composition used in the present method employs at least three, and preferably four components:

1) a low molecular weight film-forming polymer or resin solid in an amount effective to provide adequate gloss to the dried coating;

2) . a high molecular weight film-forming polymer or resin solid in an amount effective to support the low molecular weight film-forming polymer and preferably, provide adequate film characteristics including mar or scuff resistance, rub resistance, durability and film integrity to the dried coating alone or in combination with optional additives;

3) an amount of at least one wetting agent or surfactant effective to eliminate leveling problems caused by surface tension of the coating during deposition onto the ink layer; and

4) the remainder of the composition a polar solvent, preferably an aqueous solvent containing less than about 5% of at least one VOC and most preferably containing an absence of VOC ' s .

In general, the amount of film- forming polymer solid (1 and 2, above) used in the aqueous coating composition ranges from about 15% to about 85% by weight of the composition, with a preferred range of at least about 40% within this range. In general, the more film- forming polymer solid used in the aqueous coating composition, the greater will be the viscosity of the coating composition and the more favorable will be the dry film characteristics of the final coating.

A low molecular weight film- forming polymer or resin is added in an amount effective to instill resolubility, press performance and wetting characteristics to the coating composition before and during deposition and to instill adequate Ω OJ J Φ μ- Ω μ- tr -§^• So ^•s- Hi μ- Ω Hi J = tr XI 0J rt Hi μ- rt μ- σ 0 ØJ ø £ l- OJ M rt Φ rt X!

0 0 0 Hi ra 0 ø μ- μ- tr φ 0 ø 0 μ- 0 M Φ M tr tr 0 rt 0 ø Φ Hi tr CQ Φ ti 3 Φ μ- rt a M

3 Pi M Hi 3 CD XI M M μ- i rt OJ M M 0J Ω 0 μ- Φ i CQ CD M 0 Φ μ- 0 0 OJ 0 Ω 0 ϋ ^* k<J Φ OJ TJ rt tr M φ X3 Φ rt 3 ^l~^"a *^•< 0J CO M 3 ii rt μ- rt 0 Pi X^*! 3 ø CQ 0 • Φ ra vo μ- μ- 3 Ω P. 0 μ- tr rt X! μ- 1 3 0 CO μ- Ω μ- ii Φ μ- Φ tr rt tr 0 rt - CO vo ø ø Φ rt P. ra M 3 ti Hi rt tr ϋ 0 Hi Φ Hi CD rt 0 ø Φ Hi M <! Φ μ- rt ØJ rt 0 0 OJ

ØJ rt ti μ- φ μ- M 0 Φ μ- φ μ- XI 0 ti M φ <! " OJ X! M M M Φ sΩ ø tr 0J 0 rt Hi rt VO rt Φ <1 rt M Ω M Hi rt ti 0J OJ rt ØJ Φ ra Pi Ω σi 0 0 0 tr tr V

0 oO μ- XI OJ Φ μ- Hi φ 0 3 μ- H M ~< Ω 3 rt rt 0 M 0 μ- TJ rt Ω ≤ 0 o\° rt Hi 0 Hi 0 ØJ Φ Ω 00

0 ii 0 rt 0 OJ Ω XI M rt 0 0 μ- 0 = Hi 0 Hi ø 0 μ- rt X! rt tr 3 tr rr 0 0 rt ø μ- rt 0 tr ø <! 0 0 Ω 3 ≤ Ω 3 ø Φ XI M < M tr μ- UJ¹ Φ M M rt S Hi 0J tr rt 0 μ- ra 0 M μ- tr 1 μ- tr TJ XI OJ 0 μ- • rt • 1 Φ M 0 0J M μ- 3 0 o 0 OJ μ- rt φ s: ^•^ μ- rt X! . ti OJ N OJ Hi ra 3 0J 0 tr 0 rt tr M μ- CD rt φ ø 0 ØJ * o\° £ ^ M ø μ- μ- ø CQ tr tr øJ ti φ ti 0 0 ti CD J CQ ra φ φ *< XI CD φ i 10 o M ØJ 0 i rt rt ra 0 Φ tr ØJ i rt M ØJ μ- 0 0 OJ ffi n ϋ tr rt ø Pi Φ 0 OJ rt 3 o μ- M X3 ii tr 0 rt TJ 3 M s; rt Ω 3 tr Φ Ω rt M ti ti μ- TJ ø CO rt rt tr 0 φ 0 0 0 ø μ- μ- TJ 0J o Φ Φ 0 rt μ- ø Ω rt μ- ^ tr ra φ sQ 0 Ω tr 3 0 φ rr $. J o Pi M ti Ω TJ TJ Φ

0 rt M 0 10 M μ- φ ø ra 0 φ 0 3 0 M tr M tr ØJ OJ Hi Φ ti 0 OJ Φ Φ ii ti i J tr M ti ø Φ Hi XI 0⁾ ϋ X) M ii ø φ M ti 0J *-^ ra M H rt M tr μ- Φ ra tr tr Ω Hi 0 0 0 rt Φ rt φ Ω μ- tr Pi μ- rt 0J μ- i μ- Hi rt 3 OJ M 0 tr 0 Φ X3 Hi μ- 0 0 M P. Pi Ω μ- 3 0 0 M rt t_l. ra TJ tr ti CQ XI OJ μ- 0 Φ ø OJ 3 Φ s; μ- tr Φ Ω XI ø M φ rt ø ø 0

0 Pi ØJ rt 0 M 3 0 rt 0 Φ rt tr μ- tr Ω <! M ii CQ 0 r ii 0 tr rt OJ Ω Ω Ω OJ ø ti ti tr ra OJ Hi CD μ- M S μ- 0 ø rt Φ Φ φ 0 rt μ- rt 3 XI OJ 3 ti rt σ> rt Φ rt

So μ- Φ ϋ Ω μ- rt Ω Ω CD • - M Ω rt ϋ φ N tr ϋ

CD ^ Φ Ω rt 0 0 tr TJ 3 o μ- o Pi μ-

M Φ ti Ω tr M 3 0 μ- CQ rt < 0 0 μ- ø Φ Φ μ- M M Hi M 0 0 o :> 0 o 3 0

P. φ M 0 ≤ ØJ 3 rt • φ XI μ- μ- rt M φ - φ φ μ- "< CQ M • Φ ø μ- XI

Ω ra 0 ØJ Φ ii 1 tr ϋ §^■ tr rr 0 M o tr M 0J ti ø Φ CQ Pi Ω 3 Hi μ- Φ o μ- TJ M Φ

0 Ω μ- :^» rt μ- ØJ Hi Φ ra μ- rt 0 ra M o 0 OJ ti Φ rt ø rt 0 ø μ- μ- øJ rt Ω vo X! Hi 0 M . Ω

3 0 o μ- XI Ω 0 o ø rt CD 0 CO ti Hi OJ Ω tr ti Ω M rt M tr μ- 0 σi tr 0 Ω X! 0 J OJ rt 3 0 tr rt ti ii 0 $, OJ Hi rt φ CQ XI £ M rt ~< Φ Hi 0 OJ Φ 3 0 0 M o\° rt ϋ pr ii 3

0 rt ØJ 0 X^*! rt Φ 3 Φ φ tr rt μ- tr ØJ M φ φ Φ Φ Φ μ- ØJ OJ i 1 0 ø 0J Φ Φ •* TJ

0 μ- ø M ϋ μ- M μ- μ- M Φ Pi μ- XJ 0 μ- Ω 0 rt M Ω rt Hi rt ra i σ Hi tr rt OJ 0 |J φ 0 Ω Φ Ω Hi μ- ø OJ 0 Ω 0 3 rt 0 tr ra XI rt 0 0 0 Φ μ- :^» tr 0 ^< μ- μ- Pi 2 ra

0 X! Φ Ω 0 μ- ra U3 rt Hi tr ø 1 Ω TJ rt φ so μ- tr ø Φ ^ ϋ M OJ ≤ M X) X5 >3 μ- rt - 0 3 M rt μ- Hi 0 ti M 0 ø N rt M μ- = 0 XI μ- 3 o ø Φ ^•ξ 3 tr M ØJ •-3 rt

CD Ω M TJ 3 μ- T3 <! 0 TJ 0 0 0J 0 Φ rt Ω φ μ- o M 3 Hi CQ X5 s: μ- o\° μ- φ 1 0 rt ι-3 μ-

0 i 0J 0 1 Ω 0 φ ϋ ii Hi ϋ rt <J > M μ- *« Hi XI OJ 0 tr ØJ ø XI μ- Hi XI CQ 0 ra 3 ø ti ra Hi ra M Pi 0 3 μ- μ- "< ø μ- tr tr ~< M rt tr rt ^~ XI rt TJ tr X3 0 M CQ M Ω 0 ø J tr μ- O s: μ- <l M μ- ø Pi μ- - XI tr M rt Φ Φ tr rt ^ O ti rt tr ti 0 3 Φ 0

Ω 0 i rt 2 Φ ø μ- o ø X3 Φ Hi OJ 3 ^ M Hi Ω Φ Hi 0 TJ φ rt 3 ra Φ OJ OJ _^~ _^ tr CD ϋ Φ μ- 3 0 Φ μ- ØJ P. s- XI CD tr rt CO 1 μ- M 0 <! μ- Hi 0 øJ Hi Hi μ- CQ rt CQ rt P. μ- Φ μ- 0 μ- ii XI ti Φ OJ ØJ μ- tr Hi ti φ OJ M Ω μ- M M tr φ μ- 0 ø — - Φ rt μ- φ

OJ rt tn ) ø ø rt m tr ^•^ ra ØJ TJ CQ Pi ø XI Φ OJ O Φ < rt OJ 0 ti 3 rt •<; 0 ti M Hi X! • ti ø J

CO μ- μ- tr X3 tr r 0 0 ø ^ tr ii CD φ = ϋ 0J rt 1 tr 3 0 ØJ 3 OJ XI φ

0 ra rt μ- Φ μ- CO 3 p. M ^****• i 0J rt 3 0 rt ø Hi Φ Φ rt tr 1 rt TJ tr CO 0

3 0 rt ø J ø ti pr ØJ ^ Φ OJ 3 tr Φ μ- M 0 ≤ μ- Φ 0 0 i M Hi tr 0 Q J 0 ~ Pi

ØJ OJ Hi 0 Pi OJ μ- ø tr 3 M tr XI 0 μ- ø ø rt rt 0 Φ ø ϋ i ra <£> ~< 0 Φ M Φ ii 0 μ- ii 0⁾ ø μ- OJ M ti 0 rt M "< μ- φ M μ- M M M Pi XJ μ- 0 μ- X3 0 3 . o

^ ϋ ►<] 0 Φ rt CD ø

M Ω M ø •^ μ- ti μ- M ) ϋ M 0 Φ μ- Φ 0 rt XI • Hi μ- o\° So 3 Ω 3 Φ Hi Φ XI ti 0 Φ 3 3 Φ i 0 0 tr • 0J μ- CQ Ω rt 0 TJ XI Φ tr tr ø ^— ' tr μ- 0 Φ ti Φ H 3 φ 0 > 1 OJ φ P. φ μ- Hi CQ rt m 0 ^ Ω 0 0 Φ rt μ- X3 μ- 0 ø 3 i ØJ i o μ- 0

CD φ Hi 3 ii ti 0 ø 3 ^ M ^ M μ- tr HI rt rr tr 0 X3 ø¹ M So o 1 J n μ- Pi 0 0 Ω Hi rt 0 O rt OJ 0 *" a ø OJ CD Hi φ ra TJ : rt μ- % M tr Ω 0 H ra 0 ø ti ø 0 0 rr rt tr M 0 OJ 0 ii Hi 0 3 ø 0 μ- Ω 0 μ- TJ ø μ- T^** M ti M 0 rt ti ii 3 0 i OJ 0 M tr Φ Φ J 0 0 Φ OJ Ω i M OJ ØJ M ra $. oι 0 φ M ^ Φ 0 vo ø^j OJ μ- rt rt 0 Φ Ω TJ P. rt £ rt rt ti Φ Hi 3 ø tr l ] Φ o\° M M Hi CO rt vo ø μ- tr ø ii μ- ^•s Hi 0 0 tr Φ tr - tr 0J 1 CQ μ- μ- ^ rt ØJ M CQ tr o

Ω ø μ- 10 Φ ø OJ ØJ M ii Φ μ- Φ rt μ- rt Ω Φ M Φ iXl rt ii tr rt Φ - Φ φ M ra X3 OJ ti <! OJ rt XI 0 X! tr Φ μ- ti tr OJ

0 φ Φ Ω in μ- μ- 0 rt 0 ii tr tr φ 0 rt rt ti ø 1 00 rt ø i i rt Φ 0 Hi CQ X!

1 ti Hi Φ

T-J SO £ rt 0 M m Ω o 0 0 3 μ- Φ s; TJ _^~. ≤ μ- 10 J rt M ØJ rt 3 OJ øJ μ- tr OJ tr rt s; Ω OJ ti XI φ μ- 0 Φ 0 0 . CQ Hi OJ ø CD tr M CQ Φ i ø ø 0 tr Φ tr tr 0 0 0 ø μ- 3 lb μ- 0 Φ 0 XI

Φ Φ rt 0 rt 3 Hi 3 o Φ ~< 0 TJ μ- OJ Ω μ- μ- ra OJ CQ Φ 0J 0 Φ ϋ Pi P. < ø 0 C X! μ- OJ Φ

Hi 0 rt X! 0 ra Hi J o Pi Ω ii Φ Ω CD 0 X5 φ 0 rt μ- CO 0 Φ Φ Φ ti Φ tr OJ XI rt 0

Φ rt μ- μ- 0 Ul 0 OJ tø Ω tr rt Hi tr Pi Hi Φ rt 0J rt rt OJ 0 tr ø Φ 0 tr tr μ- rt ii • 0 OJ rt s- Ω CD o\° μ- M M OJ μ- μ- Hi rt Hi μ- 3 10 rt TJ μ- rt 0 3 0 rt ø ra

X3 XI tr tr μ- μ- ø 0 ra 0 Ω μ- rt 0 o øJ ø tr rt J μ- TJ CQ 0 0 X! vo

OJ 0J 0J Ω — vo tr Φ Φ μ- φ rt rt ϋ 0 μ- M ii μ- Hi 0 Ω ti ø 0 tr U1 Φ OJ μ- tr 0 Φ i M rt Hi OJ

M H Ω 0 Ω ø μ- 0 rt Ω M Φ N i μ- OJ μ- ØJ ^ 0 0 o\° 0 ø O ø μ- Φ Ω φ μ- OJ ø rr

^ tr rt μ- tr rt 0 tr tr rt tr <: μ- Φ M rt Φ ø rt ø ø ø 3 0 X! Hi 0 Ω o M TJ Pi

OJ ø 0 OJ Φ φ 0 Φ TJ ø ø CQ 3 μ- ø CD rt rt tr CQ 0J OJ o tr Φ 3 0 vo 3 T3 ^•» . μ- ϋ 0 pr 3 ≤ tr μ- μ- 0 XI μ- 1 0 rt Hi tr 0 ^•<; tr M M rt rt rt ti TJ M • 1 M 0 rt CD 0J ii φ ØJ Φ o TJ φ rt μ- ω ø rt ra Hi XI φ Φ Hi ω ra 0 M Φ tr tr OJ 0 OJ vo Hi μ- ii tr Ω i ^*- rt 0 ϋ Hi tr ø 3 ØJ rt 0 • rt ti o ^•> 0 0 ^ Ω Φ Φ 0 tr CQ ii vo 0 Ω

Φ ø rt CQ rt H rt Φ Hi Φ Ω Φ Hi 0 XI ØJ ii 0 • Ω ra o\° Φ M rt ø Hi M μ- Ul ti ØJ tr

0 Φ 0 0 tr μ- tr m φ M ø M rt Φ ø 3 0 0 μ- < M Ω OJ ^>< rt :> o\° 3 rt ØJ

M rt ii ii ii Φ 0 μ- φ Ω OJ 0 rt Φ tr ø rt μ- en μ- 3 M tr XI Φ oo 0 OJ o 10 Hi μ- Φ μ- μ- ii

0 Φ μ- Hi X3 ra o ø rt 10 P. ra X φ rt ø 0 ø J μ- ^ tr 0 uπ rt ii ø μ- S 0 μ- tr ø 0 Pi s; P. ra 0J 0 Ω o\o rt μ- ø Φ 0 ti So X5 M CD 0 Pi rt rt o\° tr r Φ M tr 0 XI *< XI 0 φ rt Ω 0 0J 0 ØJ <! Φ P. 3 cø 3 OJ XI μ- rt ra ra ≤ Φ μ- 0 3 0 CQ tr ø

3 rt μ- rt μ- 0 Hi 3 0 μ- φ 0 tr ii μ- 0 Φ 3 Pi μ- ØJ μ- Φ 0 CD 0 ϋ Φ ø 0 1 0 rt ≤ J μ-

0 tr Ω ØJ ø ra 0 ti ø ø OJ μ- OJ ra i 0 0 CD M 3 rt μ- μ- Hi tr Hi μ- φ ra Hi rt OJ Φ 0 ø

M OJ CQ ø pr φ rt 0 < ØJ CD ra Ω J φ rt M M 0 μ- ra X! 0 ØJ X! i 0 0 Hi μ- M Ω XI

Φ rt rt Φ tr ø 3 φ 3 tr tr α - ^ μ- 0 o tr rt ø rt Pi tr Ω ii Pi μ- XI ^ Φ

Ω 0 a φ rt 0 ø 0 Ω 0 μ- Ω Φ 3 0 OJ ø ø ØJ rt tr M tr P. rt , 0 3 o M tr 3 0 ØJ

0 rt Hi 0 tr ti rt ø 0 TJ OJ Ω 0 Hi tr φ Ω P. rt tr φ Φ μ- φ 3 μ- o\° TJ 3 rt φ Φ XI

M tr ra M -< Ω μ- Φ μ- ø OJ rt ii ø 0 ØJ ii M φ 3 0 0 rt Hi μ- TJ ø ti 1 ti ϋ Φ

0J Φ rt φ OJ 0 CD 0 rt rt μ- φ 0 ra øJ ti CQ 0 0 0 ØJ < Hi Ω X! rt μ- μ- X! 0 XI rt Φ Hi 0 ØJ 0 ϋ tr •^• ra OJ tr ø μ- 0 ϋ μ- 3 p. ~ Pi ø Hi -< Φ 0 Φ 0 < M tr CD 0 Hi 0 Hi 0 M rr

Hi Φ Φ 0 rt X! ^>< 0 0 ø Ω Pi μ- Φ Φ OJ rt 3 0 rt Φ 3 rt μ- TJ Φ ii i M ra

≤ μ- S i ϋ μ- Φ 3 Hi XI PJ o XI φ ø ø ^•≤ rt CD tr ØJ tr TJ Φ øJ ra 1 rt 0 OJ ti 3 rt ^•<! H

Φ M ra μ- • Hi 0 ø ^•s: μ- • M 3 ϋ ti XI μ- φ rt Φ 0 Φ tr Φ 0 ti M — - Hi 0 μ- M tr OJ μ- tr i Ul μ- 3 0 M OJ XI Φ Φ M ^••> TJ OJ Φ ø rt tr M Ω 0 ra OJ 0 Hi 0 0 tr ø Φ Φ OJ

X^*! 1 M M Ω ϋ μ- M Φ OJ ØJ <i i 0J X3 rt Φ Hi μ- 0 0 Ω μ- M £. TJ ti 0 3 ø M X3 ra rt 3 tr Hi μ- H Φ rt 0J XI rt X5 rt p X! μ- μ- i 3 rt 0 rt M Φ i 3 ra Φ rt Ω μ- tr 0 rt 0 Pi J tr 0 M tr X! rt Φ μ- ϋ CD φ OJ ø M M ra Φ 3 μ- ~< μ- Φ μ- 0 OJ i TJ 0 ø Φ ø ti CQ φ Φ rt M rt Φ μ- 0 tr Φ 0 ø XI XI 0 3 00 J 0 X! Hi ø M Ω CQ o 0J O 10

Hi 3 ø Φ Φ ^ 0 0 rt M M rt Φ s; tr rt ui 0 0 Ω tr Φ XI μ- Ω . o tr M 3 OJ μ- μ- 3^> Φ ØJ 0 M 0 Φ X5 CD φ OJ <! 0 ØJ Ω Φ 0 o\° CO 0 rt ti α O o\° 0 μ- μ- 3 o

M ø μ- ii 3 CD μ- Φ Hi ti TJ φ rt XI OJ tr M 0 μ- 3 ØJ J O ti — 0 3 ø M o rt

3 X! rt ØJ 0 μ- 3 Hi OJ OJ rt ≤ TJ 0 OJ Φ ø ØJ 0 tr rt OJ TJ 0 tr 0 p^j rt φ φ M 0 tr

1 tr M ø 0 μ- Hi rt M X! 0 μ- M rt 3 ø Pi ti ^•5 J " μ- 0 ti Hi M M μ- tr i ø Φ

Hi J 0 M 0 ø ø Φ tr M Φ rt μ- m 0 Ω rt OJ μ- 0 Pi μ- "< s; ø r ti rt

0 0 0 rt ØJ Ω Φ ~< ø

Φ tr CD 1 ^►<; Ul a μ- tr Ω • 0 0 tr Ω ØJ m 0 CQ rt tr XI o\° :^» ØJ CD ti M rt Pi rt rt rt ø OJ X) OJ 0 μ- rr tr Ω φ TJ φ μ- $. 0 Φ ø 0

3 •x^ øJ ø Φ μ- ØJ ii ra OJ rt M i XI Φ 0 0 μ- ϋ Φ tr ϋ Ω rt Φ rt ra μ- 10 Hi μ- μ- 3 rt Φ 0 ii < 0 øJ 0 rt »ø μ- H 0 Φ tr ϋ 0 ø X! φ 0 0 CO tr 0 0 φ X! Φ ø ø φ tr TJ μ- M Φ 0 0 ii μ- ø 0 0 rt CQ CD μ- rt CD tr Ω Hi 0 Ω ø * ⁽0 Pi tr tr

XI ii Φ Φ ø Φ Φ XI M Φ 0 tr Ω ø 3 ra rt Φ Φ 0 M μ- rt tr ØJ rt Hi μ- ØJ ra ø rt XI <: rt 0 Φ Φ M 0 CD OJ Φ μ- i 0 rt rt 0 ii M 3 Pi OJ ø tr rt tr μ- i X!

TJ $, Pi 3 φ 0 0 3 ø P. ii ø Hi M μ- oι 0 O Φ OJ Φ TJ Ω Φ 0 ø 0 0 tr TJ

0 Φ O

OJ i M CD Hi ø OJ CD Pi X! ØJ Φ Ω o\° Hi ϋ tr ra 0 Ω ra M 0 0 Hi 3 OJ

M ø rt 0 Φ φ μ- TJ ti M 0 μ- Ω Ω Ω CO tr øJ M CO ra 0 0 0 TJ Hi rt rt H

3 ii

-^ i rt TJ TJ ø i Ω 0 CD 10 CD ti rt 0 OJ rt 0 μ- OJ rt M ~< μ- 3 i Pi ii tr M OJ 0 rt

3 μ- 0 0 0 XI 0 0 3 μ- 0 -< 10 μ- 3 X3 OJ M μ- CD < tr M rt (T TJ Hi Φ Φ rt o Φ 0 tr M μ- vo

Φ 0 0 Hi ra < OJ Hi ØJ CQ ØJ 0 T-J Φ 0 OJ ø Φ Φ ti ØJ CD D tr Ul ^•*> 0 φ Ω vo

0 0 rt ϋ 0 ^ OJ tr μ- ϋ X! μ- TJ μ- rt OJ μ- M rt ø 0 rt ØJ 0 μ- Ω Φ Φ o\° 0 Ω 0 o rt S rt ti P. μ- tr φ μ- Φ μ- - 0 rt •» rt Hi OJ Ω ø 0 10 rt M 0 OJ rt 0 M ø- Φ μ- 0 Φ ø 0 i rt 3 Ω Φ - tr rt Pi 0 ≤ φ OJ 0 rt Ω 0 M OJ m

Φ rt 0 tr X! 0 ~ CD 0 3 Φ Φ Φ 3 tr 0 s; 0 Pi o 00 ii

1 0 1 rt 0 rt ØJ 0 1 1 Φ 0 ø rt 3 o\° ti

i ii ø Pi 0

μ- rt Φ tr TJ rt rt Hi Ω Ω μ- OJ ti rt ø rt Hi μ- 0 J μ- OJ tr 0 OJ P. μ- £ Ω rt Φ rt øJ ti Ω OJ ø tr 3 Φ 0 tr tr μ- 0 0 ø Ω φ 0 ra 3 M ø TJ ti TJ ø OJ Hi Ω ø ra tr 0 tr M tr 3 Φ 0 M

<i φ 5^* OJ M Φ Φ M 0J 0J Ω Ω ra φ Φ < rt Φ i X! Pi ii Ω i rt μ- 0J Φ μ- Φ 0 Ω OJ CQ

Φ ii r ^ t

3 3 rt rt M 0 μ- Pi μ- X φ μ- Hi φ Φ p. rt O OJ μ- Ω r 3 ø 0 r 0 ø VO

OJ OJ Ω ØJ 1 μ- μ- 0 ti ø Φ Ω 0 ø 0 Φ Hi Hi Hi φ tr ti tr Ω tr μ- TJ μ- TJ 0 XI μ- VO rt 0 Ω 3 φ 0J tr Hi 0 ø Pi Pi CO ra OJ XI r 0 ti Φ i 0 ø Φ P. μ- ra ø ti ø ii rt 0 ø 3 OJ μ- 0 Φ 0 ti ra μ- 0 XI X! Φ μ- Ω M ti μ- øJ ØJ ti 0 0J μ- μ- M 3 XI Φ ØJ Φ μ- XI ØJ VO

0 φ CD M φ M i ø ^•> ti M OJ 0 M tr So 3 3 ø Hi ø μ- o ØJ CD rt ra O N *< VoO

0 0 H ^ 3 μ- 3 Ω ti rt XI tr μ- ra ~< H J 0 M M tr μ- 10 0 ω rt Hi "< Ω H Φ Φ Φ Hi φ Ω 00

0 ØJ rt 3 so 0 rt μ- 0 Φ tr μ- tr 0 tr ~< ^• ; M OJ ø M ^•<: 0 0 ø ø 0 tr

ØJ ra φ "< Hi ~< ø 3 ra Φ rt Ω Φ 0 0 μ- M rt ^ rt μ- 3 rt CD rt rt

^ tr XI ØJ rt 3 Φ

0 M μ- ti ) J μ- ti 0 tr CQ CQ rt Ω Φ tr OJ 0 X3 0 0 tr 3 J OJ

Cj ø 0 J

P. Ω OJ ra μ- tr rt 0 ø 3 rt Φ Φ tr CQ Φ tr 0 ØJ Φ s; ØJ Φ TJ 0 Pi μ- ti μ- ^ 0 0J

0 ti N Φ < 0 J CQ ra 0 rt Ω tr Pi Pi Φ TJ TJ 0 M rt Xι 0 μ- rt 3 ti CQ P. ø Hi 0 Φ <J ra Pi μ- OJ X) ø OJ 0 μ- TJ tr OJ 0 ti φ μ- 0 Φ φ rr ø tr 0 0 μ- μ- <! OJ <! øJ μ- OJ m rt Φ 0 tr Hi 0 tr M rt ^*» M Φ 0 CD tr μ- TJ μ- Ω ø rt CO o ø - X! Φ 0 ii <! rt rt Φ Ω Φ 0 ii rt J μ- rt M 0 ti Φ ^ μ- tr 0J Φ Φ ø ti ø μ- Ω ra • rt 10 μ- Φ μ- μ- ø Φ ø Hi *< μ- rt ø ø ø Φ φ i 3 0 μ- m TJ tr ϋ Φ rt OJ M o o ØJ Ω TJ φ 0 0 rt rt 0 Φ

0 X3 0 Pi 3 tr j φ ø Ω rt ii Φ tr Φ Ω CQ μ- M 0 • rt μ> 0 ti 0 P. 3 ø 0 μ- rr μ- Hi rt 0 rt 3 ø Φ <j ii tr μ- Φ μ- μ- 0 φ ø M Pi μ¹ tr o\° OJ Ω 3 Φ rt φ 0 Φ 0 μ- tr

Ω Q¹ rt 0 M OJ ø Ω ra Hi X! ø OJ 0 X3 ^ Φ o\° ØJ 3 0 TJ CQ tr Hi Ω 0 rt 0 ø 0 M Φ rt ra O φ tr ø OJ rt 0 Ω CD Hi φ 0 tr rt rt • P. ø rt 0 0J 0 φ Φ μ- tr TJ 0 ra 3 0 μ- 3 ti ØJ 0 rt i 0J Φ 0 ti ø i μ- μ- rt 0 ø M 0 0 ti M 0J rt μ- rt 1 0J O

3 TJ rt 3 Φ TJ 0 Pi ti φ rt 3 ØJ rt ø μ- ø μ- O OJ XI Φ Φ rt CO 3 ø μ- rt 0 0 Hi 3 ø μ-

TJ 0 0 Φ 0 tr 3 Q ø ø tr XI ø ø tr OJ CO 0 • μ- 0 tr ø O 0 Φ ø

M ra Hi rt ϋ M φ μ- μ- μ- μ- M C Φ ra < OJ 0J 0 tr 0 Ω rt μ- Ω 0 Φ TJ ti 0 ra

~ μ- tr CQ OJ *"<? ØJ ø ø OJ ø ø OJ Φ TJ rt tr 0 0 rt μ- ra ø φ OJ OJ μ- i 3 0 0 rt rt TJ Φ • M 3 rt Ω ra <! rt M rt μ- ø TJ tr 0 rt ø tr ø .. < ι-3 CD M M OJ ø 0 μ- rt Hi μ-

M μ- 0 0 Φ M rt 3 - φ Φ 0 Φ ø rt M Φ 0 rr Φ X! Φ tr TJ M tr <! ø M μ- 0 M rt 0 i J 0 tr OJ ø Pi ≤ ϋ μ- μ- rt μ> ϋ ØJ 0 0 φ rt 0 Ω μ- 10 OJ 0 M

3 0 ^ Φ φ μ- o Φ ι_ι. c! rt 3 rt 0 Ω OJ Ul u> CD OJ rt CQ Ω ϋ <! 0 P- 0 ii μ- CD 3 ϋ N M Φ 0 < μ- μ- 3 tr ø 0J .ø Ul o\° o • XI 3 μ- μ- OJ Ω Φ OJ φ TJ Pi Pi Ξ C rt φ 3 0 Φ 1 J ti 0 ø 0 = Φ rt 0 o\° o\° Φ ØJ O OJ 0 O 1 rt 0 μ- Φ

Φ OJ i ti Pi 0 ti Ω ø M Hi OJ μ- Φ s; ø ti 0 OJ M CO 3 rt μ- ØJ M rt ø rt

Ω CO = φ M Φ Ω 0 ØJ φ μ- TJ ø 0 0 tr μ- 0 > rt 0 M Hi J tr ø Pi ^ ØJ rt

Ω Hi μ- Ω ii μ- CQ 0 ti Λ Ω M ti "< 0 0 ^■<: rt ii ~ 3 0 < Φ i i XI Φ g ^ ti μ- rt 0 OJ μ- ø 0 μ- XI Φ 3 φ 0 0 3 μ- CQ CD tr TJ ra ØJ Φ ϋ μ- φ 0 Φ Φ < 0

0 ti ø M OJ tsi 0 0 TJ Pi 1-3 φ M ø Hi s- μ- 3 μ- OJ Ω ^■^ 0 CD ra Φ Ω 0 ii XI ø^j P. 3 Ω rt φ 3 rt 0 tr 0 OJ Hi rt μ- CO Ω μ- ø 0 XI 0 ø rt OJ φ 0 OJ 0 CQ rt μ- 1 0 μ- Pi Φ 0 0 Φ 0 ti 0 μ- M 0 0 φ i 3 TJ Hi φ O i 0 m Ω 3 rt s; Hi pr Ω tr ø ti Hi 0 ti μ- Φ ϋ ra ra ti ø 3 Ω OJ X! rt Φ Φ M Hi 3 Φ i 0 J Φ μ- μ- tr φ XI φ 0 X3 0 μ- ø 0 Φ ^*> 3 X! 1 tr rt tr tr 0 OJ ^^ TJ Ω 0 OJ 3 0 rt ≤ M ØJ

M i μ- ra ti Ω <i rt Ω Ω Φ μ- Hi μ- rt μ- tr rt CD M 0 XI 0 Pi TJ ra ^■t tr Φ M ϋ rt rt ØJ 3 ø Φ 0 -J 0 μ- ø μ- 0 OJ 0 - ra * ; •» rt ti 0 0J rt ii 0 μ- Φ μ- rt OJ tr 0 rt μ- ØJ Ω ϋ ø 0 ϋ 0 OJ XI XI ø i D X) μ- Φ ^~ rt tr μ- 0 rt rt ø rt μ- Ω

Φ Φ ø rt rt ii Φ rt Hi OJ M rt tr i 3 ra 3 ti s; μ- Ω CD μ- Hi rt Φ μ- rt μ- ø ti^¬ ti rt XI μ- tr 0 CQ μ- tr ^l~^***3 μ- rt TJ 0 μ- XI ØJ OJ Φ ø μ- μ- OJ ø μ- μ- 0 0 So rt ø ro

3 tr 0 Φ ra μ- 0 rt M g 0 0 CO ø ti 0 ^ ø μ- t i ra 0 X! XI M 0 rt 0 tr tr X^") rt i

0 Φ ti TJ 0 m ø ø tr Φ Φ X! TJ M rt X! 0J Hi X3 XI ØJ μ- rt ^ M 3 ø CO m μ- Φ tr μ- J φ 0 Hi 1 ra • Φ ϋ 0 •<^* ii < ØJ Φ tr ø ø ØJ Ω 0 OJ M OJ Φ CD

M J ra M μ- M OJ CO Ω M g ^• ; TJ 0 rt M — rt X! ø 0 0 CD Ω M ØJ μ- rt Xl rt

OJ ti μ- μ- M μ- £ OJ 0 0 Φ 0 ii tr CD - ØJ rt 0 3 CQ tr rt Ω rt Φ Φ OJ μ- o m Φ ø rt 3 ø tr H Λ P. Ω 3, 3 ti 3 M Φ Φ 0 3 ØJ φ TJ OJ Ω tr Ω ^• ; øJ 0 ii Ω H rt CD ra φ tr 1 pr μ- tr ø OJ TJ Φ = ØJ ^ 3 0 X! OJ 0 0J ii 0 Φ 0 Ω rt rt CD μ- Φ i Hi φ Ω Φ Φ ti 0 0 ti ^~< 0 TJ 0 0 Φ X) 0 CD 0 ØJ 3 ii OJ tr vo

Ω 0 0 = cj 0 Pi tr 0 Φ CO D μ- Φ i ti ti rt ø Φ ii μ- Pi Ω J 0J Pi ø μ- OJ s- rt VO rt CQ <] ti • rt ø M μ- CQ tr i φ Φ rt 0 rt rt 0 10 μ- Pi ø 0 μ- 0 o

Φ 3 tr Φ CQ OJ rt 0 Φ CD ti rt 3 μ- φ 0 ø ø XI α M

P. 0 μ- ti rt μ- i ø φ OJ OJ 0 0 i φ Φ J

X! rt CQ M rt in ti ø < 3 Φ 0 CQ ø 0 0 i 0 1 0 0 0 rt tr 00 μ- XI 0 Φ Pi ø Φ rt X! P. OJ Φ CQ rt ø rt 0 tr Φ

ø ra Pi 1 CD CD 0 Hi φ

μ- ii μ- OJ 0 OJ Ω TJ μ- μ- 3 3 Ω 0 tr φ 0 Pi OJ ØJ TJ 3 TJ Hi 3 rt ti TJ TJ ii _^-. OJ TJ TJ ti Hi ti ra Φ ø Ω 0 tr Φ 0 0 ø ø 0 0 tr M M ø M μ- 3 Ω 0 Φ ti 0 ØJ ø 0 0 0 Φ 3 0 0 0 φ μ- Φ

Λ μ- rt Φ 0 μ- OJ M μ- Ω 0 0 M μ- Φ μ- - 0 ti M 0 Φ ti rt ti M M M M Φ P. M M ra M CD μ- 0 rt μ- 0 XI rt ^ rt M 0 0 0 XI 1 XI 0 rt CD 3 Φ Φ μ- ^■^ *< OJ rt ^*^ ^ μ- 3 μ- VO

3 μ- μ- <! 0 rt tr μ- 3 μ- 0 3 3 ϋ 0 tr Ω 0 rt XI M 3 μ- φ μ- i ra OJ Φ rt tr ti ø 1 0 o

•8 ii OJ OJ Hi rt 0 Φ ø^j P. Φ Φ μ- 3 0 0J 3 ii 0J Φ 0 0 ø μ- 0 Ω rt Φ ^-^ Φ Φ φ CD Hi CQ OJ

0 Φ rt rt H X3 ti rt Φ i i Pi Φ ø TJ φ μ- 0 rt ϋ ø rt X! ø^j 0 ø ii tr Pi So M ii ti 0 • VO

0 o\° 0 μ- 0 CQ Φ t J ii rt Φ CD Φ M Hi Φ * ; *< Ω OJ μ- CO ti o ii 0 Φ CQ o rt TJ ii Pi ϋ Hi Ω N ϋ ~ M _^ ~ ra CD Φ μ- 0J tr ra P. μ- J CD CD M M Ω ti rt Ω H ØJ ^' 3 Qo

OJ 0 α tr 0 0J CD μ- 0 ~ Ω ø Φ "> ØJ ø 0 3 - 0 Φ 0 ^> Φ tr 3 3 μ- 1-3 ø M 0 μ- rr 3 tr ø 0 0 < OJ Pi ti 0 . — . < M 0 0 0 TJ M P. 3 Φ OJ 0 ø tr rt * ; ii ø tr TJ M μ- M rt M μ- ø Φ ^*> 0 CD TJ i 3 Φ ^l*"^*^ 0 ØJ μ- Φ 0 OJ OJ ^ ø XI 0

3 H OJ ^*** Φ 0 Φ ø Ω μ- tr μ- ø a CD μ- ii rt 0 φ ø 3 M 0 3 rt M rt Ω rt Hi XI ra rt Φ 0 ϋ i Φ ra 0 XI Φ XI ^ TJ rt Φ M Ω rt rt φ 0 3 0 i X! ^ Φ 0 Φ μ- ØJ TJ - tr ti OJ Φ *< μ- Hi μ- Pi OJ 3 0 0 M TJ Φ tr J rt OJ ~< 0 tr μ- ti φ 0 μ- M g TJ ti M M 0 0

OJ μ- CD M XI 0 rr 0 3 Q¹ 3 Ω 3 0 Ω 0 ii <! φ TJ — 0 CO OJ ti X! M "< Φ OJ 0 μ- 3 ra rt M Hi rt N 3 OJ CD tr ti μ- 0 0 μ- Φ OJ φ øJ M μ- 3 M 0J OJ ra 0 ØJ 0 - m φ Ω ti 0 M ø 1 0 tr ^ μ-

OJ 0 rt pr rt 3 0 tr ø ø ti CQ ii M ^ ØJ 0 "^ μ- π M Ω i 0 CO 0 CD Pi ^ M Hi Φ M rt rt Ω Φ μ- ~— _' ø 0 M 0 ØJ CD Φ CD Ω M 0 3 . — . M φ ^ ti 0 μ- ø rt - M g 0 tr ti Φ 3 tr μ- tr Pi M . M Φ rt rt 0 Φ M 0 Φ 0 OJ ii 3 ^ Hi M rt m tr CD OJ Φ μ- ϋ Φ CD ti 1

Φ 0 M 0J .— CD μ- OJ 0 øJ tr ti ^•<: 3 ti i tr φ M 0 μ- μ- φ Φ TJ - TJ Ω ϋ ø 3 . ra Hi

0 ØJ μ- rt XI tr 0 0 Hi 0 0 CD Φ μ- M ØJ ti OJ ϋ XI 0 Pi ti 0 0 ii CD Ω μ- 0 0 μ- ra ø μ- t-3 μ- φ 0 ^**> ø Pi Pi M μ- ti Ω 0J φ Ω ra rt 0 CO M TJ M •* M ø ra ØJ ti ø μ- μ- ø tr 0 0 ø tr Cl - μ- ø μ- tr ii - Φ Φ 3 μ- - ^~< o *< M 0 X! Φ < ra 3 μ- ø rt rt Φ ø φ Pi μ- ≤ J ^ TJ ø Ω Ω Ω 0 Hi X φ ø φ M φ OJ TJ Pi OJ μ- rt tr μ- rt ti ra Ω μ- O o < Ω M 0 <! ti M μ- øJ OJ ii 0 μ- rt ^ CD rt 0 μ- TJ ti 3 ø μ- ØJ φ ø^j tr Ω øJ tr rt M 0 M μ- M 0 0 3 φ 0 ØJ ø 0 3 CD 0 rt ø tr μ- rt Φ M ø 0 μ- φ X)

OJ rt φ tr 3 M tr tr ti ø 0 Pi 0 TJ — 3 rt Ω Pi TJ 3 tr Ω 3 Φ X3 M 0 M rt CD j 0 0 0 M Φ ^•£ ~< i μ- μ- 0 Φ M M 0 Φ φ M M μ- ϋ Ω 0 M TJ

0 0 ti ØJ μ- ti Hi μ- TJ φ tr φ M μ- ø rt CD Hi en CO

^ 0 OJ Φ i ti 0 φ P. 0 Hi CD 0 ϋ M ti Ω Φ 0 M tr ii φ ii ø X3 ra μ- 0 OJ - P. Ω 0 0J 0 Φ Ω TJ φ 0 φ OJ M μ>

<! Ω rt φ ti M 0 ra OJ ra OJ ) rt 0 i μ- ii 3 0 tr μ- φ CD 0 0 rt ϋ ti 3 CO i-rf -j tr φ 0 μ- TJ 0J φ rt ~. r . Ω <! Ω μ- Ω rt Φ ø *< < 0 CD 0 ø - •» TJ M tr μ- g

Φ ø i ø OJ 0 i tr OJ 0 Φ rt μ- 0 0 rt 0 M XI M Φ 0 < XI 0 Φ 3 X Φ rt φ Ω 0 Hi Φ 0 0 μ- μ- rt Ω rt tr ø ø ø μ- 3 OJ OJ i 0 C Φ TJ J M M X ØJ rt μ- ti

CD Pi M Hi 0 i P. ø tr 0 ø^j 0 ^ rt ra 0 Φ CD ø rt CD 3 «q 1 ø 0 0 ^ φ OJ ^> 0 ø CO rt ^•*> 0 μ- φ rt μ- Φ ti rt ra M øJ ø H rt ti Φ μ- Φ 1 Pi 0 M M 3 ϋ 3 3 ti øJ i-t Hi Pi J ø ti øJ J rt CO OJ Φ φ μ- 3 øJ ~ 0 Φ 0 i Ω Φ 3 -< Φ ra Φ TJ tr Φ Ω 3 tr μ- μ- μ- ti μ- OJ o Hi 0 μ- φ tr 0 ø tr M 3 rt 3 ø CD 0 CD φ Ω i ^ rt M Φ CD φ ØJ

M Ω M ø Φ rt tr • rt M 0J M OJ tr ti μ- μ- φ tr o CO ti Ω ti μ- OJ CD tr Φ ti ^

Φ tr 3 XI Hi μ- M o Φ ^ rt Ω φ 0 ØJ ø Ω 3 0 ti ØJ 0 3 Φ ϋ 0 ø ti TJ OJ 0J 0 rt

1 Φ OJ ^ i g 0 0 α ra <: X! tr 0 Ω μ- ø 0 0 OJ μ- 0 * tr 0 Ω ø Hi OJ μ-

,- Ω Hi ØJ ti rt o\° Φ ii 3 Hi φ μ- 0 • Ω Φ 3 Hi " tr CD M 0 ø M ii TJ ~< μ- ø

0J 0 0 0J 0 0J Pi ϋ ra TJ μ- ii α ø T3 0 0 — ' Φ O φ » ø ^• : * ^•<; 0 Hi ø Ω rt 0 ti tr tr ti tr rt Φ μ- o M Φ ~ 0 J 3 - ØJ ϋ rt tr ii P. Ω 0J M m M M ϋ μ- M rt 3 Φ M 0 0 J N 0 0 3 M 0 M M rt φ 3 Ω CD tr Φ 0 OJ rt 0 rt OJ ^ Φ M Ω 0

M OJ μ- ØJ ^ μ- 0 0 ØJ i 0 1 OJ 0 1 μ i Φ Ω ϋ TJ 0 Φ 0 < rt CD 3 0J φ μ- ø rt co rt OJ CQ rt Pi Hi rr rt 1 - ti μ- φ

0 CD ø rt -< ø 0 Φ 0 Pi CD ra ii Φ ^ μ- 1 CD φ

OJ 0 XI s; tr μ- μ- tr CD 0 Φ <! a φ 0 Ω tr M 0 ØJ ra ti CD M - Φ ^— - μ- ø Hi Φ

CO CD OJ μ- rt o 0 rt 0 Φ ti Pi μ- ϋ OJ 0 M — * OJ M tr φ ØJ μ- * j J 0 ø 0 0 CD j rt J Ω M 0 • 0 μ- ø OJ 3 3 ø Φ μ- M i 0 OJ rt μ- 0 tr ø g 0 Φ TJ Φ OJ ~< 0 ti _^ <^*j

≤ 0 rt M o rt 0 rt OJ μ- <! ^< N M Pi Ω Φ X3 < M 0 Φ M TJ 0 0 M CO

M 3 O

Hi OJ M μ- tr Ul 0 0 ^ ø μ- 3 OJ ^•<; i μ- ϋ m 0 Φ μ- φ ø ii 0 M OJ P. μ- rt Ω H

0 rt 1 < tr Φ o\° Ul Hi 10 0 0 tr Φ ø ^ - 3 1 ø CO CD *^•> <! ^ 0 0J 0 ø tr 0 ϋ Φ OJ φ o\° 0 tr ^ ø M 3 M XI M φ μ- μ- OJ P. ii M i X) Φ ti C 3 VO ti φ rt 3 rt Hi OJ Φ M 0 Φ ØJ OJ 0J Φ ti rt Hi 0 ø φ 3 Φ Ω ϋ Φ VO J ti Φ ØJ OJ 0 tr 0 3 ^ rt 3 rt TJ CD tr μ- Hi -< ra μ- M 0 3 a O

Φ Pi Pi ^>< rt ^ φ Pi Φ 0 Φ 0 Φ M M - Pi OJ tr 0 J ii μ- 3 cj φ tr J ti 0 tr ø CD X ØJ 3 3 TJ Φ rt 0 ra n μ- rt ØJ Φ ra 0 Φ 0 *< 0 1 μ- CO Φ M Φ 00

1 tr 1 Pi X ti Pi rt

1 1

0J rt 0 TJ TJ > ra Hi OJ rt 0J Φ ØJ ._ 3 _^ tr < Ω Pi 3 Ω μ- TJ μ- Ω rt 0 XI pr Hi μ- rt OJ OJ 0

<! 0 ø ii tr 0 Ω rt μ- Ω tr Ω X M 3 Φ 3 φ μ- μ- tr μ- φ 0 ø 0 CO 0 tr Hi μ- Φ ti ø ti M 10 Pi

OJ Pi Φ M μ- ^ M Φ 0 μ- OJ TJ φ rt φ X ø Ω M 3 rt TJ < M 3 φ < rt 0 Ω μ- TJ ø CD μ- OJ Φ Hi ^■"""fa P. i 3 rt CO 3 tr rt tr rt *< tr 0 φ tr 0 φ ^μ"**a ØJ o^* rt φ So 3 M 3 tr Φ

M i ii Φ Hi μ- Φ 1 SO Φ TJ OJ tr ^ ø; M M M ti rt ~< M ø μ- OJ tr ø M 0 Φ OJ 0 CD

ØJ OJ CD i 0 Φ Ω ø Hi rt OJ M - M 0 0 0 tr M ^ rt Φ i ø 10 φ Ω Pi rt 1 ø 0 tr TJ rt ti ti i Φ 0 Φ tr ø Φ tr OJ OJ OJ i CD ^>< ra 3 μ- ti Φ OJ 0 rt ØJ μ- μ- tr tr CO Hi vo

M rt 0 Φ 3 ra 3 1 ti OJ P. Φ Ω „— . Ω 3 J 0 rt M rt φ 0 M rt φ J 0 0 tr ø -< ^> Hi o

Φ ∞

0 s: μ- o ,-_^ 3 0J ra 0J rt ti 3 ϋ Φ rt ra "< CD *< ϋ ø TJ OJ μ- 0 tr Pi OJ cø M Pi CD μ-

0 Pi tr ø rt 0 3 μ- 0 Φ 3 Ω OJ " Φ "< rt tr rt ti rt ii CD ti rt 0 0 0 rt — σ ti 0 Ω μ- rt Hi μ- X3 0 0 φ ø P. Pi μ- ϋ 1 M rt M ø; ØJ -< Φ " φ μ- φ μ- 0 ra rt tr μ- H Φ 0 M μ- ø tr rt 0 M 3 rt XI X * Φ OJ V OJ M ti 0 ti ø 0 ø Hi < 0 Φ ra ii ø X < φ

Φ tr ii Φ rt μ- Φ tr <J 0 rt M rt rt rt 0J φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Hi Ω φ Φ s; CO μ- 0 Φ X! N ^• ; Φ ø rt ti OJ tr ø ii J μ- ø ø μ- tr Φ So Φ Ω 0 ø * 0 - M ti M μ- 0 0 ti TJ rr OJ 0 p 0 rt tr rt 0 rt Φ ra ra 0J 0 ø ti Ω Ω ^- ti φ φ Φ rt 0 ti ^ rt M μ- Φ ti tr Ω J Φ rt φ CD CO tr rt Ω M -< <J Φ M OJ ti * >• >• J ØJ tr Φ tr < rt M 0 - ø tr rt CD rt rt 0 φ Φ Hi μ- OJ ti 1 M μ- CO OJ φ 0 ø M 1 ti φ Φ tr Φ μ- OJ J M ti Φ o . 0

ØJ øJ 0 ii M ti ^ ø ø 0 Pi M 1 ØJ OJ OJ tr OJ 1 " ≤ 0 øJ rt ^• ; Φ ø ø ti 0 Φ μ- 0J Φ M Φ M φ 0J ^ 0 i μ- OJ 0 rt M 3 ii ti Φ Hi < Hi a ØJ rt rt μ- M Φ> rt 0 Φ ØJ rt Pi ø tr Φ 0J ti M M Hi Ω CQ rt Ω Φ pr 0 0 1 rt 0 OJ μ- i rt 0 <! rt 3 ø - TJ M

OJ 0 0 s^» J rt m Ω 3 0J μ- Φ rt - - 0 3 rt tr M ti M 0 Φ _^-> ti φ tr _^-_^ Φ tr M rt ii Hi rt < Ω φ ti Φ 0 3 rr φ M 3 > ^•<: M XI 0 1 ~< M μ- 3 J ϋ Φ μ- 0J •» 0 tr σ 0

0 Φ OJ rt Φ Hi tr 0 tr rt M μ- M Φ Φ CO tr M 0 0 1 tr — CD 0 Pi 0 μ- ø Φ rt S

0 φ 1 ti rt Hi Ω 0 o 0 Φ tr ^> M 0 rt CD o rt 0 CD ≤ 0 Hi μ- . TJ ti Φ X 3 P. < ø 0 rt OJ ii P. tr 0⁾ Φ 0 ti M 0 ra ØJ OJ 1 tr rt rt ^ rt rt μ- CO 0 M φ XI ØJ Φ ØJ N H- Φ tr 0 Pi TJ Φ 0 tr i TJ * 3 Φ Ω 0 ti Pi 3 ^* ; Φ tr ti -< ^ ø i μ- Ω tr ϋ ø rt D ϋ 0 0 Hi φ P- μ- i CD X μ- OJ 0 0 φ ϋ 0 Φ Φ M i Φ Φ M ti XI ≤ 3 Ω TJ μ- Φ Φ rt tr OJ μ- J μ- Hi ø Φ Ω *< M tr M CD OJ ϋ ØJ *< CD . — . Ω rt tr CD ϋ 0 CD Φ SO μ- ϋ 0J 0J Φ tr ti 0 tr rt Φ

T-J ø ØJ CO ti M μ- M ^ Φ 3 ra Ω M OJ 3 ^ tr 0 Φ rt 0 — 3 rt ø 0 φ M rt 0 M 0 0 Φ μ- Ω ti 0 i φ μ- OJ rt ^•<; 3^{^} 0 μ- μ- rt φ M - rt 0 CD _^ *<; Φ 0 Φ XI ϋ Hi M 0 ø OJ Ω CD ø ø^j rt

Φ 0 ^~< ø tr rt ^> Φ μ- 0 CD P. Ω ø rt ØJ ~< Hi rt i •> 0 ϋ Φ ~< μ- Hi Φ 3 ø 0 rt μ- μ>

CO 1 rt Φ Φ μ- i ø X3 0 ra ti tr —, Ω M *< tsj Φ 0 TJ $, ϋ 0 μ- i OJ ø 0 <! 00

Φ ra CD & Ω ø ra Ω ØJ OJ — ' 3 ϋ .—. ϋ •« 0 < 3 CO 0 OJ 0J 0J μ- tr ø r Ω Φ ti Φ

0 rt pr μ- tr Ω rt 0 tr Ω rt OJ φ - . — . 3 Φ l»A Φ μ- Φ 0 M r tr 0 rt ~ ØJ 0 3 Φ - CD rt So μ- 0 Hi tr OJ M ØJ tr rt ØJ μ- Φ Ω rt M 3 φ 0 1 - ø ti M 1 Φ M ^ μ- Pi 3 — ' rt TJ

0 M < μ- μ- ii 0 ø φ tr 0J 3 Pi P. ii tr OJ Φ rt Φ Pi *< ra 0 ti ^ OJ ti 0 TJ 0 tr 3 tr

3 Pi M Φ M Ω OJ Pi Φ ra o rt rt ø; 1 μ- 0 M .. tr φ 1 Ω rt 0 0 tr tr TJ Φ ØJ 0 φ OJ 0 3 tr Ω Φ J ti ø Ω M ØJ Φ tr Ω Ω 1 rt M ti Pi 0 0 TJ XI Φ 0 tr ø "< rt rt ii μ- rt 1 rt P. ii CD <! XI Hi 0J μ- Ω _^ OJ 0 tr Ω 0 CD Φ ra μ- rt CD ti tr ø rt Φ N 0 tr Pi ø μ- Hi μ- Φ Φ Φ • μ- 0 ϋ Ω i ØJ Ω 0 M tr M rt CQ tr O CD μ- 0 N O ø 0 μ- J

0 0 0 ra ii μ- ti ra ø 0 3 tr ^ Φ Ω ti rr 0 M 0 0 Hi TJ Φ M M rt 0 μ- 0 J ø 0

Hi rt 0 i μ- ø μ- Φ *< rt ØJ 0 OJ M rt ti - OJ ii 0 Φ ii ϋ 0 Φ <J ØJ μ- tr 0J ø ø tr Ω M ra μ- tr - 3 s- CD <! ø tn M tr ϋ X Ω OJ tr ^ M μ- 0 ii 0 Φ ti ii Hi Φ 0 Ω Φ rt μ- Φ Φ M

M μ- *< μ- ft ^~< M μ- ø CD Φ ø $, ar μ- ^

Φ OJ rt Hi OJ rt μ- Φ μ- 0 0 P. μ- ii φ rt ø 0 g

£ 3 μ- ø rt μ- μ- rt X) Ω ti Ω M Pi φ M OJ Ω μ- rt CD - Φ OJ ø μ- M rt rt CD μ- TJ 0 Pi Φ μ- 1 0J rt XI Φ Ω M H- μ- tr tr CD μ- rt ø ^•^ rt - rt CD tr 3 ra r -< . OJ tr ø φ ii rt Hi ti i CD 3 <! ø M M OJ Ω φ _^-_^ Φ ØJ X3 ii ^ OJ Φ Φ M tr tr rt 0 Φ ~ μ- tr 0 rt μ- J 1 Φ J *< 0 Ω ra Pi 3 - Ω Φ ti - OJ ti φ Hi φ Φ tr Φ 0 rt N

0 ϋ co 0 CD rt Hi ra Φ i μ- μ- ØJ rt 0 φ μ- J 0 φ OJ M μ- 0 3 Ω ø ti 0 P. Hi ØJ ø 3 J^» M 0 0 0 0 TJ μ- 0 PJ Ω Φ i rt t 0 Φ 0 ϋ TJ P- ø ii ϋ TJ 3 Pi OJ N CD μ- φ 0 rt rt μ- H- Ω •^ M ti rt rt ii Ω - μ- ϋ φ tr 1 M - φ 1 tr μ- Φ 3 M OJ ti ϋ *<; ø ti ii μ- ø M M 3 0 rt 3 tr μ- Φ φ M Pi CD Ω — φ ra •*<_! - OJ CD rt CD μ- 0 pr 0 Φ M ~, μ- μ- 0 n H

Φ XI M Φ φ tr tr μ- Φ 0 Hi - 0 μ- CD - *< OJ rt ø 3 to 1 TJ tr μ- ø "< Φ TJ Pi OJ rt < Φ 0_

0 PJ i M Φ ø ii 0 Φ P- rt M Ω tr Ω φ * 3 Φ Φ ø XI φ tr 3 μ- μ- OJ X

X! J tr ti CD Φ XI Φ i < μ- ØJ ϋ ~< tr ti Ul 1 ti P. ø 0 ø

1 3 OJ ØJ rt OJ

OJ 0 Φ M — J 0 μ- ti μ- ø Ω Hi ^~< M ra CD J 0 TJ J σ m φ μ- rt μ- 3 μ-

X! M "< OJ • 0 Hi ø Φ ø X3 0 0 M 1 OJ - μ- ti ti 0 μ- μ- rt rt M 0 <! TJ ø o μ- ι J 0J ϋ M • Ω P. ^ ø ϋ 0J tr CQ tr φ M ø 0 Ω tr øJ ti Φ M OJ ø g tr Φ ^*^ M M μ- rr Φ M ra Hi μ- tr *< tr CD CO Φ m

Ω rt 00

XI Φ M 0 Φ ø Φ Φ φ M M ti φ φ Pi 1 ø Φ Φ

CD ii φ M rt ii

TJ Φ Hi Pi rt ≤ Hi rt TJ TJ rr CD s- TJ OJ μ- OJ J ti XI TJ H £ J Hi ØJ OJ M øJ OJ OJ 0 TJ μ-

OJ Hi 0 Φ tr Φ 0 tr ti 0 tr 0 φ Φ tr ø Ω 0 Φ 0 0 0 μ- φ ti μ- tr tr 0 tr tr tr 0 0 ø rt Hi ii CD Φ μ- ϋ Φ Φ M Φ M μ- ti 0 <! ti M < 0 M rt TJ Φ M 0 0 * 0 0 0 3 M μ- Φ 3 Ω XI 3 Hi "^ μ- XI Ω 0 Φ ~< tr - ϋ ti tr μ- TJ rr P. tr 1 Φ Pi 1 OJ tr φ ra 3 0 ø 0 0 0 ^* φ φ rt ø M ti i 0 Φ 1 rt rt 3 rt rt rt VO

Ω μ Φ 1 ø ø VO μ- rt ø μ- φ rt 0 ti ti Φ 0 CD rt ø rt μ- φ CD Hi φ P. rt Pi ø Hi 0 ti φ OJ

M μ- X3 tr 3 XI Φ OJ ti rt • rr Ul μ- Ω ti Φ M ti μ- tr μ- rt 0 M to M to H 1 CO ti ø VO μ- <! φ OJ CQ tr ØJ Ω OJ 0 CD φ CD rt μ- ø ti o Ul φ o σ •J CO Φ V

N Φ J H Ul ti TJ 0oO

Pi μ- OJ TJ φ H M 0 M 0 XI rt ø 0 1-3 μ- X μ- CD XI μ- 3 o - Ω - o 0

Φ 0 0 ø 0 0 0 0 ^ ii 0 H Φ 0 XI ti 0 tr 3 μ- 0 0 ø μ- - o 0 o o OJ ø ti Φ

OJ M tr Pi M rt ØJ rt 0 J 0 ra Φ J tr CD ø T-J 0 <! ø o o M o rt Ω ø CD Φ X

0 3 ►<j 0J Φ Φ ii i 3 1 rt OJ ii 3 Φ 0 OJ ii φ OJ Φ 0J μ- Φ 0 TJ φ XI o o 0J o 0 X! Φ Hi TJ ϋ 0 Pi μ- tr rt Φ 0 0 rt Hi tr Φ 0 Ω Pi M Ω M Pi rt i 0 ø σ 1 ti 1 rt μ- Pi Φ Φ ø Φ Pi φ 0 φ ø Φ CD ø rt tr 0 Hi ø ti 0 rr μ- 0 0 0 rt TJ ω M OJ 0 ø ti ϋ

Φ ø ti μ- μ- tr ra ti < M μ- ø Φ CO ø Φ ra ^•^ μ- ≤ — rt μ- CQ μ- 0 rt o s: Ul tr X! μ- ii μ-

3 rt CD rt ø Φ rt CQ Φ XI Φ ø rt øJ 0 rt ϋ M ø *< ø rt μ- OJ 0 M 0 •- Φ •- 0 OJ ø Φ 3 ø •« μ- tr μ- ø Φ OJ 10 OJ M OJ Ω μ- OJ 0 tr rt TJ ø ^* ; o μ- o 0 tr Hi α φ

M 0 0 φ ø J TJ rt ø CD ra 0 ø ra μ- oo tr 0 Ω rt ø Hi rt φ TJ 3 0J o XI o rt 0 ti rt ø

CD Hi rt ø M XI ti ti μ- Φ rt 0 Hi Φ TJ P. o M OJ 1 tr μ- tr M T-J Φ tr o tr o 0 0 tr M rt μ- tr 0 Φ Φ 0 ti M 0 Φ CO o ~ rt CO Φ OJ rt φ OJ 0 μ- ϋ ii 0 rt ~ Ul rt 3 Φ 0 øJ

Hi 0J Φ rt s; 3 Hi Hi 0 ØJ OJ μ- M ø Ω •> μ- rt tr tr tr tr Hi Ω Φ CO ø rt s rt

0 OJ Φ Φ M tr Pi 0 CQ rr μ- Φ ø -< J μ- 0 μ- J 0 OJ Hi • rt 0 i-h J o H» 0J J μ-

ØJ Pi ti ti 0 CD ϊ^» ø ØJ <! X5 i ti XI 0 ø ti <! 0J rt Φ μ- ti o Ul tr ti ØJ 0 rt φ 10 M Φ OJ OJ rt ØJ 0 Ω 0 μ- Φ Φ tr rt Φ Φ tr μ- i to OJ M Φ o o 0 Φ 0 0 tr rt 0 0 tr tr tr 10 rt ϋ So 0 Hi rt TJ Ω 0 ra rt ra 0 O OJ H tr 3 Hi » 0 0 CD

Φ rt Φ ≤ 0 M M Φ 0 OJ 0 OJ tr tn φ 0 Φ φ 3 Ul tr Φ Ω 0 0 tr tr o 0 1 φ o Ω rt Φ μ- 0 TJ ~ -< Φ Ul ø rt rt Φ ø 3 ø 0 = Φ ø tr rr M Φ o 0 Hi ti o 0 tr

Hi ø 0 ØJ tr 0 o J μ- tr μ- Ω J Ω rt M rt ØJ o rt 0 0J o ØJ Ul rt μ- μ- XI CD 0 0 OJ Ω μ- 0 o\° φ tr 0 Φ ti ø Φ 0 0 Φ TJ ϋ ϋ H 3 Hi ti tr 0 XI

M Pi Hi tr 0 XI CQ ^ CD μ- X^*! øJ CD TJ μ- Ω Φ OJ μ- OJ ØJ Φ μ- o Ul 3 M 0 i rt μ- tr

3 OJ Ω o tr X^") J 0 rt OJ μ- 0 ø 0 ti ø ø Ω 0 ^ < M o - μ- "< ti O 0

1 X3 0 tr 0 0 J Ω tr Hi tr Ω ϋ X3 tr Ω rt M < M XI <! rt 0J μ- 3 o o ø OJ <! 3 vo

Hi Φ 0J μ- rt rt ϋ o 0 ^ ϋ 0 Φ Φ Φ μ- μ- ^ φ 0J Φ φ Φ 0 tr Pi 1 o X) OJ 3 < ØJ Φ 0

0 ø rt XI tr μ- ø OJ 0 3 3 CQ Pi 0 3 ø ti ø ϋ 0 OJ φ Hi Hi o Of 0 φ tr ø M ti rt μ- tr Φ |J> ra α rt s: 3 0 J Φ 0 ti 0 Φ rt M rt μ- 3 <! ø 0 0 - J 0 ii ti 0 rt φ

3 ø ii t φ μ- Φ M O 0 Hi 0J ø CD ϋ μ- ^•≤ tr tr μ- ra φ φ Ω ϋ ϋ o 0 0 Φ OJ 0 μ- Ω μ- 0 ⁽0 3 o\° M ø μ- OJ Φ ra rt 0 ø ra 0 Φ . 0 0 rt rt Φ 3 o M rt _^. 10 rt 0 0 ø ti 0 Ω ØJ 0 5 XI tr Ω μ- 0J 10 OJ • 0 μ- rt ø μ- Φ TJ μ- tr o 1 Φ ø M

XI Ω M 0 rt tr € tr o 0 rt μ- tr φ ^* Ω X! rt tr Ω ϋ OJ X! ø μ- Ul XI 00 OJ

CQ 0 Φ 3 O 0 Ω rt 0 M μ- ø 0 Φ Ω ØJ tr 0 J CQ ti 0 XI XI 0 φ σ φ 3 o ) ii

TJ 0 3 Ω TJ 0 3 0 rt OJ 0 <! 0 0 ti 0 ϋ rt Pi ϋ rt rt 0 tr ti ti o 0 0 o Φ

0 ϋ J 0 0 OJ rt 0 3 0 ϋ ø Φ rt Hi CD li Φ OJ μ- Φ 0 μ- Pi TJ CQ φ M 0 :>

M Hi 0 M 0 tr M TJ Hi »J CO 0 P. Hi tr ti Hi rt Ω 0 3 tr rt ii Φ Φ Φ ^t**"*ι OJ ra OJ φ 0 H Φ 0 to ≤ rt μ» 0J μ- μ- 3 μ- 0 Φ φ tr OJ M TJ M 0 μ- 0J 0 OJ Ω OJ ϋ μ-

3 Ω μ- ti 0 0 Ul Ω CD rt o\° Φ Hi μ- Ul tr ø ø 0 M 0 Ω ti Φ tr Φ 0 rt rt o\° ^ M XJ 0 M 0 OJ XI

Φ rt rt 0 μ- tr μ- 0 0 o\° 0 X3 CD 3 rt rt OJ 0 ϋ 3 φ tr Pi OJ M M M tr ti ø μ- 3 m M rt Φ rt XI ϋ ø 0 rt rt 1 tr Hi ø ra 0 Φ Ω φ tr 0J XI M rt ra 0 0 Φ 00 rt OJ μ- 0 tr rt rt tr rt Hi H μ- M μ- rt μ- CQ ti 0 ii X! 0 ϋ rt "<

0 μ- OJ Ul 0 ti 0 Ω rt tr ø 0 Φ 0 T5 0 σ 3 ^ M N μ- CO M •> Φ 0 OJ ti Hi μ- CD cø m o\° ø 0 PJ μ- rt t ϋ ti o TJ 3 M φ rt OJ 0 rt tr Ξ OJ tr μ- ø rt - OJ s; ra 3 tr Hi XI μ- OJ ti rt Φ 3 - OJ φ 1 O CD ^ 0 ϋ J Φ 0 Φ 0 so M

0 Ω rt 3 tr tr Φ J 0 μ- tr M tr rt ØJ tr Hi μ- Ω <! Hi CQ ti i M 0 μ- XI < 3 n rt 0 0 ^ 0 μ- ø 0 ø M μ- 0 0 ø φ Φ ø TJ rt μ- 0 3 Ω Φ ≤ Φ OJ Ul rt XI μ- Φ 1 H tr Ω 0 Hi ϋ 0 ω CO CD rt 3 X) N ø 10 i X) Φ Pi ϋ μ- 0 OJ Pi Φ Hi M - tr ø Hi

Φ 0 rt μ- Φ s; rt tr φ μ- 1 M μ- rt μ» φ J øJ ti OJ Φ 3 Ω 0 0 μ- Φ M o H rt XI ØJ 0 tfi

3 VO

OJ M φ rt Pi rt 00 Hi 0 ø t i tr 0 ø μ- ti CD Pi μ- X3 i

1 ^ o o Ω ti VO μ- 3 Hi μ- oo μ- Ul 0 CQ X^") oo 0 Φ M H & Ω ø 0 μ- ø tr 0J o o 0 Hi μ- 3 o ø 1 0 XI σi Hi μ- 0 o\° i ra Ul OJ Hi CO -< φ XI ø ra rt tr Hi Hi ti μ-

M tr o\° μ- ø ø *> 3 - tr o\° ø Φ M CD rt rt M i Hi rt 0 ø OJ m

0J M rt M μ- μ- P. 0 tr • Φ tr " 0 0 0 3 XI 00 ø ^ *"* tr 3 ø XI tr rt • ø φ 3 i

1 XI tr OJ rt

J OJ 0 J ØJ øJ OJ M tr OJ tr 0 rt OJ 3 3 Φ ØJ OJ cn Hi μ- Hi CD XI ØJ M TJ ØJ 0J ω μ- μ- Hi J OJ ØJ

0J M 0 0 Pi X) 0 0 0 Φ rt tr ti Φ Φ rt 0 Ω 0 i ø 0 μ- Φ tr Φ ti 10 2 ø ø μ- 0 0 Ø rt M M ø Pi ø 3 CO rt P. X tr Φ 0 rt rt tr Pi Ω M 0 Ω ii 0 0 0 øJ ro Φ tr Ω M M P. 0 μ- 0 ^•<; 0 μ- Φ Φ 0 So Φ ti 3 tr tr OJ 0 <! 3 M 3 ø Φ 0 ra ra ø 0 Ω M rt 3 1 Φ VO tr ϊ^» Pi ø 0 rt M M 0 ϋ φ OJ "< Z ø 0 Ii Φ 0 μ- ^• ii rt rt ro rt XI 0 ø tr 1 = 0 VO

M CO X3 ø tr < φ 0 rt M M 0 TJ ø OJ Pi ø OJ ø Φ • Φ Hi Φ CD ø OJ t μ- rt tr φ VO

Φ rt 0 CD 0 Φ Ω φ> - pr Hi μ- Ω M r XJ M μ> ø^j (ϊ 0 - Φ 0 ti 0 CO tr M < i Pi Φ 1 Φ Ω tr OJ - μ- ø CD 0 M o tr ϋ ø - 0J ti ra ϋ oVO

3 Φ <! o "< o\° 0 μ- 00 φ Ω O OJ M Pi OJ rt M Ω 0 X3 0 OJ TJ H 0 cn XI 3 Hi ra

0 ØJ Φ Ω M 0 ≤ 0 Ω M μ- ø 0 ØJ 0 Φ 3 0 0 rr 0 0 0 ø ø CQ 0 Hi 0 μ- OJ OJ 0 ø 3 ø — 0J OJ tr Φ Φ 0 0 & 0 3 Ω ii rt φ 0J rt CD M CD tr rt < ø ϋ 0 φ ø ø Ω M

0J ø Φ rt • rt rt μ- rt CD X Φ 0 0 0 OJ rt M 0 Φ M Φ 1 OJ 0 ~< φ ti φ Hi ti 0 XI tϊ <

P- φ rt μ- μ- Ω H- OJ O ØJ Ω CD 0 0 Hi rt tr M Pi Ul Hi Hi ø Hi ii ^ 0 0J Φ

P. ϋ tr ø < ø tr 3 rt M ø "< XI rt 0 Φ ØJ -< rt o\° Hi φ P. Hi Z o\° rt OJ ø Φ CO TJ CO 0 0 μ- • 0 rt Φ 10 TJ Φ < Φ Ω OJ ø^j ti •» ø - tr rt Φ ti μ- μ- ro μ- Ω 0 0 X 0 0 rt rt rt Pi μ- 0 M CD Ω 0 - Φ - M 0 0 μ- 3 0 ro 0 rt Ω CO rt Ω μ- rt 0 rt Hi M OJ Ω M M = • μ- M ~< OJ ti 0 rr ø μ- M So 0 rt μ- μ- XI O 0 0J 3 0 <

0 rt μ- rt ≤ 0 r tr OJ ØJ tr tr μ- CD rt TJ Hi μ- OJ 0 Φ tr 0 0 μ> TJ 3 3 Φ ø 0 N tr M μ- OJ 0 Ω 3 Φ 0J Φ ø 3 0 ϋ 0 øJ < 0 ø ø rt OJ μ- rt rt o M J φ 0 Φ >

Φ μ- OJ rt OJ 0 rt Φ 0 X M ii X^*) φ TJ 0J M ro ti tr Φ rr tr ra tr μl Φ 0 ti rt CD CO rt tr Pi ra ϋ tr Ω rt ^ rt 0 OJ pr CD rt ti Ω ro CD 3 0 rt 0 0 μ- Φ t - CD Ω

0 φ J 0 Ω M P tø 0 ø > TJ tr 0 Φ 0J ro ø ø OJ 0 Hi Hi 0 ØJ ø ϋ μ- μ- 3 ii 0 μ- 3 Φ 0 0 øJ rt φ ø tr *< TJ rt CD ø M rt 3 Φ 0 rt rt Ω CQ tr o rt ø μ- μ- CD

OJ TJ ø Φ ti^¬ 3 CQ Ω Φ 0 - Φ OJ Φ M OJ 0 rt rt 0J 0 rt rt ti rt M . "< ι-3 μ- X tr Φ rt ϋ rt X5 3 TJ Φ •- rt CD 3 ø Φ ø ø rt oo ø rt tr tr t M 0 0 rt rt φ Pi

ØJ rr tr ø er 0 φ M tr Ω -< ~< 0 0 Φ 0 μ- Φ o ø μ- Φ < ro o Φ -J ø tr 0

M Ω tr 0 OJ tr Ω M Ω φ ^ μ- M M Φ M ^- 0 ø 1 rt ø μ- o\° OJ Φ H μ- Ul CD Φ ti Ω tr

Φ rt Φ 0 φ OJ rt 0 Φ i Ω ø - ro < rt oo X! M ti Ω CQ P. 0 ϋ Φ o φ

OJ μ- rt rt CD M M Ω OJ XI Ω 3 Φ tr Ul 0 0 rt 0 OJ rt Hi 0 CD 3 ti

CO Ω Ω H- 0 Φ 0 0 M ra μ- M Ω ϋ tr 0 φ OJ ø φ o\° Hi OJ ≤ ø 3 0 μ- } TJ ii CO 0 rt J φ rt Φ 0 s; rt φ Hi M 0 0 Ω 0 Φ 0 M 1 rt Pi rt XI OJ TJ Pi 0J ø φ ii o φ M 0 0 μ- t

0J OJ μ- φ < <! CD M Pi rt 0 0 tr tr Pi μ- 0J tr ØJ Φ OJ M 0 tr 0 0 3 i < 0 ø O

O rt rt Φ Pi Φ rt Φ 0 Φ μ- OJ TJ ϋ 0 - μ- 0 Λ ^< ø 0 M CO 3 0 rt φ Pi Φ Φ 0

0 μ- μ- Φ CD ti tr M φ rt ø ti^¬ ra μ- rt M rt 0 ø CD rt ^ μ- 0 0 ø^* ti 0 > μ- 0 3 Pi

Φ ø ø ii rt ^•<: Φ OJ < 0 tr XI ro — Pi OJ Φ μ- φ $, 0 - rt ra rt Φ 0J Ω 3 ø rt ø ra rt 3 0 0 0 Φ rt Φ •» Φ 0 rt 0 μ- 0 Φ M tr Φ μ- rt M rt φ • M tr

M OJ μ- Hi tr TJ Pi CD ϋ TJ CD - 0 tr 0 ø 0 μ- < rt μ- M 0 o ØJ - ra ϋ rt CO OJ Φ

0 0 Ω ra OJ μ- ti OJ ~. CD φ 0 o M OJ Ω CD 5 Φ tr X3 μ- 0 TJ • 10 μ- tr μ- s; 0 OJ Pi J Φ φ Ω 0 0 M rt ^•- M M M tr 0 Φ tr 3 i o 0 rt (^ Ω Φ s! Hi Pi rt

Φ 3 3 t_ι. tr CD cr Φ H- ra rt 3 <! 0 0 Ω rt rr μ- Φ o φ tr OJ φ ^ Φ Φ

3 0 J 0 < 0 φ tr rt 0 0 OJ Φ Φ M 0 pr ra Pi 0 OJ 3 ø Hi Ul 0 Φ Ω 0 TJ rt P. ti

0 < 0 ra 0 ra CQ ø -< øJ Ω Ω 0 ti ø 0 1 Φ 0 φ OJ 0 Λ 0 OJ tr ro o\° ø tr ti rt OJ 3

M μ- CD rt M rt 0 rt M rt M tr Φ 0 rt Φ tr rt M - rt Hi X3 ø M rr μ- ii >. CQ ØJ Φ Ω Φ μ- 0 rt ra

Φ ti μ- 0J M Φ 0 - ø CQ 0 0 0 <! μ- Φ Φ φ μ- Ω OJ 3 3 ~< CO ø P. 0

Ω 0 rt T3 rt < μ- μ- Ω ~ Pi ØJ CQ Φ rt 0 ro Hi ø rt 0 0 Ω ø tr tr J Ω 0 μ- 0J Φ cø =

0 ø μ- ti μ- μ- Pi ø Φ μ- CO Ω OJ - "< Φ ø 0 XI tr Φ ø ø XI M i 0 0 Ω 0 0 Ω rt ^•ξ

M 3 0 Φ M ra ra < M 3 ø -< ro 0 M - rt ti Φ ii CQ M ØJ - Φ So 0 OJ OJ rt OJ 0 tr Φ

0J Φ ø Hi φ Ω Φ M Φ X) rt Ω rt X Ω OJ OJ CD 3 Hi rt rt M 3 XI 3 φ ti^¬ ti ø Φ 0 Ω ø 0 rt φ M tr OJ Φ Hi Φ 0 Ω M Ω ti ø 0 OJ Φ μ- m μ- μ- Φ T-J er rt ti O m 0 rt ra tr Ω rt 0 ro 3 M Ω rt 0 X 3 0 M 0 ϋ 0 tr ti ø 0 -. 0 ø ØJ Hi μ-

≤ øJ 0J i μ- ø μ- 0 "< φ ti J ϋ μ- Φ Φ tr i ØJ TJ 3 ^•<; 3 s: Hi ø 0 ØJ XI Hi <J rt rr μ- ø φ M H tr 10 er rt 0 M M M OJ φ ra X 0 rt "< 0 TJ J Φ øJ rt 0 tr m H Φ CO μ- M XI n μ- M tr M øJ H

-< Φ ø <! M tr 0 - r Φ OJ M ro TJ ra 0 i 0 μ- Ω CQ rt M ≤ 0 >n 0 tr 3

X3 ^•^ μ- ^ ø 0 Φ Ω 0 rt ø - rt X M μ- ra OJ CO XI Φ ~< 0 Φ Ω Ω rt Hi μ- 1 ØJ tr ra μ- tr rt μ- • φ ra P. OJ ø ti Φ 0J OJ Φ rt μ- 0 μ- tr OJ H Hi rt • μ- 0 M Hi XJ VO rt Ω rt Ω "< ø M 0 ii ø ø Φ 0 - Ω μ- rt XI rt rt ti^¬ ti • OJ rt - NJ 0 ti μ- 0 Φ VO

0 S- tr μ- < 1 M 0 Φ 3 CO rt Φ TJ 0 μ- μ- μ- ro Φ Ul rt rt μ- VO ø N ϋ 0 o

Hi 3 μ- Φ Ω ø 0 <J Hi Φ tr rt M s; ø 0 0 0 Hi ø o\° tr 0 OJ 0 φ 3 rt OJ μ- 1 M 0 M Φ 0 ti Φ øJ ro ØJ ra ø XI 0 H- 1 Φ XI 3 Hi ra μ- a in

M M 3 <! •» 00 ti 0 ti ti^¬ rr • CD M rt 0 ti Φ rt ø

3 1 Φ OJ ø ro Φ 3 O 0 0 tr X3

1 ra 0 CD i 1 XI 3 Φ

Cj M ra μ- 0J Ω O o 3 rt M Hi ØJ rt Ω rr TJ Hi o Ω o 0J cn μ- XI 0 SP J tr ii Φ Hi OJ Ω μ- rt 0 TJ Hi

0 X M ø 3 i Φ • ø 0 X ti XI 0 tr μ- M M M Φ • X3 • ø Φ rt 0 ^~< Φ 0 ϋ 3 0 ø tr ti 0 0 μ- Φ μ- Ω 0 0 Hi M M Φ 0 Φ μ- <! OJ Φ μ- M μ> Φ Ω Ω 0 tr en M CD rt μ- 0 OJ X! Φ M ti

0 3 P. M 0 Ω 0 o\° OJ CD 3 3 ø OJ TJ φ CD X ø M o\o 0 • M Φ φ 0 ~< μ- Ω 0 M •• CQ 3 vo ø TJ φ 0 XI μ- ØJ et ø J (Ϊ tr J rt μ- 0 rt 0 ti ti ø φ Φ CD μ- rt X3 Φ TJ ø 3 μ- VO

M tr 3 et μ- tr M S CD 0 μ- et μ- tr Ω CD rt m | Pi OJ CO rt μ- rt 0 μ- CD 3 ii ti Φ ø OJ

Ω 0 VO

0J ØJ Φ 0 M μ- 0 CD OJ 0 ø ø 0 Ω μ- 0 0 0 0 φ M • tr XI OJ < 0 0 Ω OJ φ Hi ti XI

OJ ti ø α rt ro ø 0 rt i 0 μ- rt X3 μ- M ti M ØJ tr » M H *< tr 0 Φ ø rt μ- ti ra OJ - VoO

^ X5 tr TJ <i 0J ti ø ^ 0 M rt Ω 0 M tr 0 φ Ω J 00 ti XI OJ OJ *< CO ø TJ N μ- tr M μ- Φ Ω tr 0 0 ØJ Ω H OJ ti μ- er - Φ tr ro CD Hi M Ω Φ Φ rt X OJ Φ cø ø rt OJ 0 μ- Ω Φ ø ii tr OJ 0 ϋ rt Pi ø M o 0 O ø ^ 0 0 O i X • 0 0 μ- Φ ø ti CD rt øJ M

P. 0 ~ CD Φ XI 0 μ- φ rt 0 o\° Pi P. X! OJ Hi ø μ- 0 ti OJ Φ ^— * Φ Hi 0 3 CD ØJ Ω ø CD ^""^

Φ Φ 0J . 3 Φ rt P. øJ Hi 0 Pi ø rt 3 ti rt ø 0 3 ØJ 0 TJ - XI 0 μ- rt 0

Hi μ- 3 μ- 0 ø M 0 Φ tr Ω Ω OJ 0 0 0 Ω 9r> Φ XI TJ OJ OJ rt 0 M TJ φ Hi •-

. ø M ro

Ω Hi 0 Ω rt J ti M OJ Ω - ϋ Φ X! 0 3 M X μ- M 0 0 tr Pi μ- 0J ii μ- 0 Hi < < ti

0 μ- φ 0 IS OJ CD o\° μ- 3 0 OJ φ Hi X) o 0 cn So 0 OJ Pi P. Φ ti 0 ø rt — Φ rt Φ o\° ø

H Ω • ø X M ø μ- ii Hi £ Ω OJ 0 μ- a 0 3 XI ti XI < Ω CD ø tr 0 OJ

TJ μ- et φ ra μ- tr X) tr ø TJ 0 Φ pr P. ti- M 0 α ø Φ ø TJ ^•^ H 0 Ω φ OJ μ- M ii rt φ rt

• ø

Φ XI CQ 3 ø ^ ti XI • ti μ- μ- Φ ra 3 rt μ- tr P. M Hi Φ ti 0 0 ø 3 a 0 φ μ- Pi

- ø Φ J Ω Ω rt φ cø ø 10 ra tr 0 ^ Φ ti tr Hi 3 φ ØJ φ Pi TJ CQ 0 ØJ 0 rt 0 Φ M 0 M ^■z tr S ØJ Φ tr XI 0 OJ Φ ø μ- 0 ØJ M TJ TJ ti ØJ ti μ- M μ- 0 10 ti 0

ØJ Φ Hi OJ i 0 Φ Φ pr xι OJ X rt OJ ti μ- ti ø 0 3 ti 0 ø⁾ 0 OJ 3 OJ ø OJ CQ 0 0

3 0 ϋ Hi ti TJ Pi μ- φ 3 OJ 0 rt φ ø ra Ω Φ Ω N Pi 0 ti ra M 0 ti Pi X! CQ et øJ φ 3 φ o Hi ØJ Φ ^• ; . Φ X3 Pi 0 ø 0 3 0 Hi Φ • OJ μ- ØJ . μ- ØJ φ ØJ μ- M ø Φ φ rt OJ M 0 μ- ø M Ω tr φ J rt 0 TJ Hi XI Φ ti X) 3 — ' 0 tr 0 en HI er ^ 0 CO X) OJ μ- ø CQ 0 X tr

XI Hi M et Ω ØJ rt TJ m X3 M tϊ Hi φ Hi tr ø- 0 Ω o μ- en HI μ- rr μ- ø X! Ω rt 0 ra rt μ- ti ^> μ- 0 ø Hi 0 OJ Φ rt tr M 0 Hi ι-3 μ- rt 0 0 ø i-3 μ- 0 ti ra øJ Φ μ- 0 XI

0 μ- <J φ Pi 0 0 ra ø ØJ 0 - tr Φ Φ φ Φ tr Pi 0 OJ 0 rt XI 1 0 ø 0J Φ rt rt 0 N OJ μ- Ω ti tr rt Ω 0J Φ Hi ti Hi μ- "< ϋ ø Φ X ti Ω Φ Φ OJ rt 3 X OJ 0 Hi ØJ Φ rt φ cø ø 0 Φ tr rt tr Hi ω rt Φ 3 en Hi μ- øJ r CO 0 CD 0 μ- o 0J s^> ØJ X3 Hi μ- 0 rt μ- 0J Φ rt μ- Hi Φ OJ Ω μ- tr M μ- φ Ω 0 P- • ø CD i Φ Ω ØJ 3

Φ ω Hi OJ ø Φ Φ rt ra ø M rt 0 0 NJ ti 0 0 0 Ω M X tr 0 0 μ- ii ø 0 M μ- M <! 0 X3 10 φ M φ ϋ X Ω M rt OJ rt 0 μ- Hi M H

0 rt μ- ØJ OJ Φ ø OJ ø 0 rt 3 3 M ~ φ OJ ti μ- Φ o\° 0 0 Hi rt øJ μ- 0 X3 ra ø CD

OJ μ- φ tr 3 3 Ω 0 μ- TJ μ- cø TJ ø 0 0 rt 3 _^~. μ- ti μ- XI TJ Φ - φ XI CD Ω

X3 OJ o ø ø TJ OJ TJ M CD Ω 0 et μ- ØJ φ • Ω Φ rt OJ rr CD OJ ø 0 < Φ ti ø 0 0

Φ 10 CD rt ω M Λ ϋ rt 0 μ- CD XI *< ø 3 ø M ti tr < 0 cn < Ω 3 Φ 0 ØJ ro rt tr ØJ Ω M M

0 φ μ» et o Φ 0 0 tr P. 0 N μ- Φ Ω 0 rt OJ 0 0J Φ ØJ ØJ tr OJ M et ø Pi CQ ØJ rt 0 <! OJ rt 0 o\° μ- 0 CTι - φ Ω 0J Φ rt φ rt ø OJ M ø CO 0 a M μ- OJ ti ØJ μ- 0 OJ rt CD Pi ø ti 3 Φ ti

CD et M Hi Ul 0 Φ rt P. tr ϋ μ- φ 0 0 0 P Φ M CD M tr Φ 3 M Pi tr 0 Ω OJ M J

• ø m rt M TI 0 CD Φ 0 ϋ Pi Pi rt CD ~ ^ • ØJ 0 i ØJ φ 0 OJ 0 Φ ø φ Φ 0 rt %

0 Hi 0 CD CO 3 μ- ti l-> 0 OJ φ CD Φ TJ tr 0 μ- 0 tr - ø TJ i ii Pi ø OJ ra CD Φ μ- ØJ ti Hi 0J OJ ø cn . M 0J P. • ti ii Hi ti M rt ø Ω M rt ii Φ rt μ- CQ μ- μ- ø OJ i μ- ti 3 Ω ØJ ^•^ J o M <! 0 0 OJ M Φ Ω pr Φ Hi 0 CD tr P- ø ft rt OJ XI

Ω tr φ Ω 0 pr 0 ø ØJ M - tr μ- M Φ TJ i ø X M M 0 o < OJ M Φ Φ X! μ- 0 tr

M 0 Λ rt 3 μ- 3 i 0 3 0J ØJ TJ Φ ø X ^ X^*! Φ μ- o 0 Ω Hi ti • μ- Pi μ- Hi 0 0 P. rt

0 ø 0 μ- M J Ω 0 CD 0 M Hi CD Φ rt M φ μ- 3 ø o\° Pi tr i μ> Pi P. i Ω 0 ØJ 0 0

Pi rt 0J 0 Si M 0 X) Ω ø rt Pi OJ ii μ- ØJ 3 0 Φ X ø TJ Φ Φ 0 Φ o\° Φ Φ ro 0 OJ X! Φ m OJ Hi

Φ rt ø μ- CD Φ 0 0 μ- ra 0 0 3 TJ 0 ØJ XI M CO tr 3 3 X Pi φ 3 Φ μ-

Ul Φ rt 00 μ- ø ti rt Ω ω rt 3 ø 0 M ti Φ OJ 0 ^ μ- OJ rt ti ØJ Hi μ- ø 0 ØJ ≤ M tr^* o\° OJ Ω -J cr Φ m μ- ØJ μ- ø OJ Φ TJ Hi ti M μ- Ω cn 3 0 ø et ø Hi ø rt Hi Ω Φ 3

H CD XI 0 Ul μ- ϋ Pi N ø Ω ØJ et 0 ti ø X! M ϋ ^ 0 s ø OJ • TJ tr 0 XI μ- X! CD Ω rt 1 tr M φ 0 OJ ø Φ μ- rt μ- tr 0 rt ^>< Pi M Φ 0 rt Φ M Ω M OJ M Ω - rt 0 et Hi o

|JA ~ μ- 0 Ω Hi 0 M ii Hi ø μ- N 0 CD Φ ~ 3 Ω μ- μ- ØJ CO • Φ tr 0 rt ro μ- OJ tr ii μ- 0 H μ> TJ rt 0 ti M μ- Hi XI Ω μ- ø TJ ti Ω tr 0 0 X3 3 •» 0 ii tr • Φ X3 TJ Φ Pi ø ii t3 o CD ti 0 ~< ø Φ μ- ø rt i Φ 0 0 OJ OJ 0 tr 0 0 φ ø Φ μ- μ- XI 3 VO φ 0 TJ 3 XI Ω OJ N XI Φ Hi M rt tr M rt ø OJ 0 rr 3 et 0 X! Hi ø μ- vo

Hi H- i øJ • 0J rt X! Φ o < Hi ~ 0 Φ Hi 0 3 tr 0J T-J rt 3 0 XI OJ ø ti lO ti - tr Hi μ- Φ i • ro φ Hi M 0 CD ii OJ rt 0 ø t ti ϋ 0 ra ro M XI XI OJ

0 tr Φ 0 0 < 0 μ> ø Ω ϋ rt Ω 0 0 CD 0 CO o Φ Hi » ø M rt ro m

3 rt 0 ti Φ rt μ> o\° rt 1 0 μ- 3 00

Pi XI 0 o\° CD et 0 0 ø rt 1 CD |⁾ 3 ø ø 1 CQ

M z rt

} 1

μ- 0 Hi OJ rt rt 0J < rt Ω s- ØJ øJ Ω μ- μ- ø o tr fd Ω H ω tϋ μ- et et H Hi rt TJ tr ø ,-, ø 0 0 M Hi øJ tr tr 0 tr 0 μ- 3 X) 0 ø ø ø M μ- 0 φ tr μ- M 0 ø μ- tr tr M tr ti *< CD μ-

CD Ω ti CD (t 0 Φ ra M Φ 3 rt 0 ø ti Ω Ω 3 ø^j ø Pi ii rt 0 Φ Ω 0 φ Φ Φ ro Φ Φ ø rt Φ 3 0 Φ rt Φ OJ TJ tr ø Φ ti M M φ TJ ii ~ 0 ØJ Φ Ω M ø X Hi ≤ P- Ω

OJ μ- ti J ø ft J 0 0 0 ø 0 0 ϋ Φ ~< td 3 ø - tr 0 CO OJ TJ 0 rt φ Φ M ø rt ø Hi OJ ti Ω μ- ti ra et rt ø XI Pi CD 0 ti M M ffi Φ μ- CQ i X^*! μ- XI ro μ- ø μ- μ- OJ OJ - ø < et φ ØJ ø XI ti a φ CD et Φ rt a 0 CO ØJ P- Ω 3 3 0J ^^ Ω Φ 3 OJ a ti μ- μ- 0

Ω 0 X3 0 ra ti Φ Φ M Φ μ- tr ra m OJ OJ XI ø

Φ M 0 Φ r ro tr tr μ- o ra rt J M Hi φ H 0 Φ T3 μ- φ Ω Φ - ø M Φ pr μ- TJ M - Hi Ω 0 Φ J M rt ØJ ø H 00

~ tr 0 0 Hi Hi ø 0 Hi O ø ti 0 Ω Hi 0 M Pi 0 M tr α Φ 0 0 0 ø tr 0 "< 3 X! 0 φ M ≤ μ- μ- rt ϋ et Φ ø tr HI 3 M ro 0 rt Ω K! rt rt μ- 0 S ii ti CD rt μ- Hi _^-_^ 0 μ- ^ φ Ω ii Hi < CO Hi OJ Φ J PJ CD Hi tr tr Φ Ω 0 tr 0 Ω o Pi Ω OJ J 0 TJ ft r 0J 3 Pi μ- ra μ- 0 o 0J μ- Φ ti Ω 0 0 TJ TJ Φ Φ M μ- 0 OJ X μ- M Φ μ- CD μ- TJ tr ϋ ø μ- tr

XI Φ Φ rr ø ti Ω 0 ø ti ØJ rt ra Hi TJ Φ OJ ϋ 3 M rt M μ- ø^j X ø 0 ra OJ μ- 0 Φ rr XI Φ

3 0 ti tr ø <! 3 - μ- <i i Ω μ- μ- M Ω CO μ- 0 μ- Sd o OJ XI M 0 XI ø Hi ra 3

0⁾ φ ra ^> rt Hi Φ ø CD Ω Φ Φ rt < rt rt μ- μ- tr • Ω € Φ Φ φ O o 3 < Ω Pi 3 rt ro Φ Ω

~ 0 - 0 ø M • ø Pi φ Φ μ- tr Ω 0J ^ 0J CD Pi tr i ti J rt Φ tr φ ϋ ti ø ØJ

0 3 3 i rt OJ Ω et ti 0 Φ OJ M Pi M M OJ ØJ M 0 0 0 rt ø o OJ ØJ rt CD tr en ra μ- μ- 3 μ- rt O μ- OJ μ- rt 0 rt M ti H n n 0 OJ 0 ø Φ ft m tr rt . tr ø Φ ro

Φ 0 X X ø 0 μ- 3 0 X! ra 0 ra so μ- * 0 ft Ω ØJ Φ Ω Φ < X) XI - t φ Φ μ> M 10 Pi ra ϋ μ- μ- M ø ø TJ 0 ø rt tr 0 TJ 0 ø ti ^ ØJ φ Φ tr 0J ø o\° μ- ø ø OJ XI O Φ μ ^ 0

0J 0 Hi - CO ØJ 0 0 μ- tr μ- • X3 <! OJ ,—, μ- Φ 0 Ω rt ø Hi

Pi M 0J X! 10 rt ø μ- 0 Ω ø Ω < ra ø μ- CO 0J μ- 0 Hi M P. Hi 0 tr rt XI

<! <i Ω Φ rt rt ø ø ø ra tr Ω Φ - M et Ω ϋ ØJ 1-3 ω o J 0 M Φ 0 M φ TJ

0J φ rt Pi tr tr Pi Ω ra ra 0 1 Hi μ- ø ø Φ Ω 0 tr μ- 0J ι-3 ti 0 ti 0 ro Hi CD μ- ø ø OJ et Φ Φ CD M CO rt ti Pi Φ M Ω 0 tϋ Ω ra ϋ 3 M rt Φ ft ti rt OJ CO ti X! rt rt ø tr tr 0 Ω 0 ØJ Pi Φ rt Φ et Φ pr — Φ Φ ØJ F < ra tr μ- tr CD 0 0 3

ØJ _^ rt M Φ Hi OJ . — . Pi 0 ø 0 μ- O Ω X o Φ Hi Φ tu ø μ- Φ φ Φ rt P. ^ 0 3 Hi ro

XI rt μ- 10 Φ ØJ XI rt ø Ω • 0 ti ro td 0 Φ Hi μ- rt M ø ϋ CD φ Φ 0 rt ø

Φ Hi OJ Φ 0 3 M ø o rt tr μ- X) ti X! XI ii Φ td i ti ø tr M et ra rt tr OJ ra rt

0 0 0 ti rt μ- 3 Φ Ω 0 μ- et 0J μ- ti OJ t ro ØJ Ω 0 3 0 0 Ω 0J μ- 0 OJ tr 0 CD to ø M P. 0 tr X 1 0 - 0 ø M rt tr 0J 0 tr ø ø Ω 0 3 M s; μ- 0 tr ϋ Hi l ø 0 Hi -

CQ M OJ Φ μ- Hi ø ra ω μ- M 0 Φ TJ 0 0J Ω ^— „ 10 ^> M Si _^ 0 3 μ- φ o\° 0 Hi

0 0 rt ti ø 0 CD - — 3 0 ^ α tr Ω et Φ Ω φ So Φ > tr ! TJ M Pi 0J ØJ rt μ- 0 rt ≤ TJ μ- J ϋ 0 Ω rt μ- M tr ti 0 CQ 3 μ- Ω td φ 0 μ- J tr tr Ω ti

0 φ ft <i ØJ 3 Ω ØJ ii 0 OJ μ- tr ØJ Ω OJ μ- ω Φ — ' φ rt OJ φ ø ø rt μ- TJ ~< 0 o μ- X3

Pi μ- Φ Pi μ- μ- 0 ø Φ 3 Pi ø Φ X! ^~ ø M 3 K) ω - ti Φ X rt Φ * ø M 0 • φ OJ

3 0 M P- ø ø 3 i TJ ra Φ ØJ 0 φ ω M μ- ~ IT¹ μ- ø μ- $, rt o ø 0 μ- tr ø μ-

^ X3 TJ et 0 μ- rt TJ ø ø ti Ω Φ rt 0 td Ω μ- 0 0 rt rt rt Ω ro μ> rt μ-

X ØJ rt ØJ 0 T-J tr CD ø μ- ti rt Pi tr Φ ϋ Φ 0 OJ td et ti ø CD 0 tr OJ μ- o\° Ω

M μ- ø TJ CD ϋ 0J μ- X! M φ ra Φ ti , — . 0 s ø ø o tr OJ ro rt XI Ul tr

M 3 0 <i 0 μ- Φ ø rt M CD X! 0 et cn 0 ØJ _^^ OJ ø o ø ø tr μ- tr o\° rt 0

0 μ- OJ 0 Φ OJ M rt Hi μ- rt φ ØJ i M ø^j • — Ω en ø Ω M XI ra φ OJ 0 et 0 Pi ti s; X P. Φ ra 10 ι^ μ- Φ ØJ 0 tr rt ø ii OJ 0 μ- - 0J ø N ^ s ro M φ 10 ø - 5^> ti μ- P. ø 3 0 ti tr 0 Φ tr rt φ <! XI ø Si rt ø OJ OJ OJ - X Ω 0 μ- 0J 0 μ-

0 ø μ- Ω 3 Φ φ ø ØJ 0 CD Φ ø μ- μ- T) 0J 0 ϋ Ω Φ 0 ro P. rt tr J ø i X^") rt OJ ØJ 0 ii CD tr 0 Ω μ- μ- ti Ω μ- M ii £ Ω ii 0J ti M ,-_^ 3 μ- 3 0 Φ φ tr 0 tr 0

• μ- 0 ; ø ra M et 0J 0 Hi 0 ø Φ øJ ø M μ- OJ tr Φ 3 0 OJ ØJ TJ ø J ø • J μ- 0 μ- ti tr < CD ØJ • ; Ω μ- <i Ω - M ra — ' 3 ^•- φ P. μ- 0 ϋ < M ØJ ra XI φ ø rt M X3 μ- Φ OJ tr OJ Ω Ul Ω TJ ø Φ M et - ti 3 - P. 0 μ- OJ 0J rt rt • 0 μ- OJ

X! H ra Pi Φ CD ø Ω Ω o\° 0 o OJ ø 0 μ- ØJ ØJ 0 f μ- — * 0 μ- ii tr μ- Ω - Pi rt ω Ω 0 tr 0 P. 0 Pi 0 0 ϋ ø M rt Pi ø Pi ø OJ O Φ Ω tU - øJ 0 M ^ φ tr 0 μ- tr o μ- μ- n

OJ ØJ M ti 0 tr Pi Φ μ- Φ Ω Pi Ω 3 φ ØJ ø ø OJ M ØJ XI 0 μ- o\° rt Ω H

3 Ω M rt Pi < D Pi rt ^ μ- ø Ω 0 P- M μ- φ 0 M Ω S P. !^*d tr TJ Ω Φ er i X3 CD •^

0 Φ M tr a Φ ø μ- OJ ø rt 0 ø ø rt CD 0 tr¹ ~-" pr Φ Φ M μ- 0 μ- øJ 0 TJ

M ti Φ Φ 0 ii ø μ- X3 OJ μ- Pi μ- XI OJ - Φ α Pi Φ XI 3 S ø < ø ϋ ti μ- φ rt SO ft Hi XI ø Φ rt et μ- ø μ- < et pr -< - 3 TJ μ- XI 0 TJ ØJ 3 XI o

Ω øJ rt Hi • OJ μ- rt 0 μ- ø ø φ tr Φ Ω Φ Hi Φ o rt • ti 0 ø 3 ØJ 3

0 μ- μ- Ω rt ØJ XI 0 ø XI Φ 0J Ω ti ø ra tr Φ 0 X3 0 ^ ro m

M ø M 1 0 ø tr rt X! μ- Ω ii *< 0 et μ- ro ti ø 00

0J 3 rt tr m ^•> 1 0J 3 ra 1 0 *— ' Φ tr rt

ii 1 φ 0 ii Φ ra

i ft 0 rt ϋ Pi rt <! rt μ- OJ rt rt i Ω ^*£ rt ft rt et rt ft 0 Ω 0 Hi 0J ØJ <! Ω ti Ω μ- tr 0 s: φ φ Hi tr Φ φ μ- μ- tr ø XI Φ μ- ØJ 0 μ- Φ tr ti OJ tr 0 ϋ tr Φ 0 3 XI μ- 0 ro OJ ø Φ ra Φ

CD 3 Φ TJ ft < CD Φ <! 0 3 0 μ- 0 rt 3 Φ ØJ μ- μ- i OJ Ω ti "^"-y^* ø OJ OJ ti < Hi φ μ- μ- TJ ft ti Φ φ Φ Ω φ Φ TJ ø ra 0 tr TJ ø ø m Φ 0 3 rt 3 μ- φ Φ rt Ω ii φ 0 Pi XI ii Φ tr 3 ø ti M 0 Ω ø 0 φ φ Φ μ- φ OJ ra Φ ø o-^* Φ φ 0 P. μ- rt "< ø ti — tr φ ii Φ 0 Pi 3 ^ m 0 rt ø ii μ- Ω ø ti X! Hi ti ti 0 t Φ Pi 0 ø ø ø 0 μ- rt φ rt

P. OJ Ω μ- μ- μ- OJ μ- CO ØJ ø 0 rt ØJ 0 ro φ Hi ϋ Hi rt CQ £ X! ti ø μ- ra t OJ 0 0 ø Ω rt rt 0 rt ii Φ rt rt ro ii μ> 3 0 • rt μ- XI 0 OJ Φ Hi o

<! 0 ø ø H 00

X! X! φ 0 ^> μ- ø Ω 0 rt Pi tr ø td 0 ϋ OJ rt Hi 0 tr rt Ω et ι-3 Ω Pi J μ- μ- ti 0 TJ m 0 M 0 0 ti tr M Φ ti Φ ø Φ μ- ti tr Φ Φ 0 tr tr 0 Φ 0 •« 0 Pi ØJ M ra φ ro M 0 0 rt o XI OJ ro Φ 0 tt φ ØJ ra P. ra Pi Φ rt ι-3 rt OJ 3 0J Φ 3 ra ø μ- ii 3

Ω 0 Φ TJ t Φ Φ Hi rt ft s- 0 ti Ω tr tr tr rt TJ rt ØJ J ra rt OJ OJ 0 OJ 1

0 rt 0 0 tr Ω ti Ω tr μ- 0 ti Φ Φ m rt Ω μ- ra rt ØJ φ μ- Φ μ- Φ μ- ii 0 φ 0 Ω XI rt Hi

CO 0 CD UJ 0 Φ rt 0 rt 0 Φ ø 0 Φ ii rt OJ Φ 0 0 ra 0 tr IØ CQ ø ti 0 tr Φ CD M rt Ω Φ 0 μ- Φ 0J tr 3 cø ii OJ tr Ω ø ti ØJ M OJ 0 Ω μ- X! 0J XI Φ ØJ μ- tr OJ 0 rt M ti et μ- Ω OJ rt < et Φ TJ rt ti Ω rt Φ rt CQ rt ø Φ ft Φ tr ø rt 0J Ω et 0 Φ J ϋ tr * 3

^•<; ø 0 0 tr μ- μ- 0 tr Ω ro rt tr 0 0 μ> μ- 0 M 0 ØJ μ- ra 0 ø Ω rt rt μ- i TJ P. φ μ- μ- 0J Pi φ co ft Ω CD ro 0 CQ 0 Φ tr ϋ ti M μ- ti ti 0 0 0 T r • ø rt ^ 0J ø 3 J OJ OJ $ ø et ft \ Ω 0 φ 0 μ- i 3 TJ ϋ o 3 XI ø CQ Q¹ M Φ 3 Φ ii 0 Ω ti ii 0 0 μ- X! μ- μ- 0 <! 0 M 3 rt 3 TJ 0 • et 0J rt ØJ CO OJ ~ φ Φ Ω • T3 X 0 Φ OJ Ω rt tt

0J ø ti μ- CO OJ -< TJ μ- 0 0 ø Φ rt 0 ^ Ω 0 Ω ϋ ØJ 0 0 Ω Ω rt 0 CD ft Φ tr tr J

M X) ra μ- 0 0 Ω CD 3 ι-3 0 Hi ft = 0 M 0 0 CD tr 0 0 ft Φ 0 φ 0

M tr Ω et < OJ CQ ø 0 μ- μ- ι-3 TJ ro tr 3 ØJ 3 Hi tr ti 0J μ- M Hi M t-3 μ- OJ 0 OJ 0 ra s- ti OJ M

Ω Φ 0 ^ μ- 0 μ- ø rt ø tr Φ X Φ Φ M TJ μ- Φ Φ et ø 0 μ- tr et ø rt tr μ- rt μ- ^

0 0J ra m Pi rt μ- TJ μ- XI Φ ti Ω OJ CD 0 Ω ti ØJ μ- 3^> rt ø ro μ- XI OJ ro ø ØJ rt Hi CQ 3

0 3 rt μ- 0 Ω μ- ø M 0 ϋ ØJ tr rr CQ 0 ra μ- 3 Ω ø 0 tr XI 0 Φ μ- Φ μ- ra tr μ- 0 φ tr T3 et Hi 0 J 0 Φ 0 rt 3 et OJ tr 0 μ- Φ OJ et X! ti 0J Φ tr ø ti ø ti ø M M ii rt 0 Φ ^~< 3 ii ø 0 0 0 ø ø Φ ti Ω et ø M μ- 0 Ω Φ μ- Φ < rt 3 <

OJ ra X ft φ Φ • ti Ξ 0 Ω ti X3 ϋ Φ 0 μ- t 0 Ω Φ ti 0 OJ et to ø TJ Φ Φ tr 1 Φ ,— , μ- μ- Ω ti tr rt Hi Pi μ- et øJ 0 Φ ro 3 0 O rt ø 0 ii Φ φ μ- rt O X3 0 ø J Φ Hi 0 μ- ø rt tr φ Φ φ Φ Φ M μ- ø ti 0 rt et ø rt ϋ — 3 Hi ØJ M Hi ra μ- et μ- 0 ft ø to μ- OJ ØJ i ti ti M M TJ TJ 0 Ω tr OJ 0 OJ J rt Hi Ω ra Φ 0J 0 rt μ- ø μ- Ω 10 i Ω J

ØJ 0 ø i ØJ OJ μ- ti M Hi rt 0 Φ μ- 0 et 0 0 μ- ft X ϋ tr rt rt 0 rt Φ 3 0J M ø 0 XI μ- 0 |J tr rt ti N ro Φ 0 0 ø μ- CD OJ CQ Ω 0 !> Ω rt Φ Φ 0 0 Φ ø μ- 0 ø

Pi Φ ø 0 M 0 Φ φ Pi et J ØJ ø Hi pr μ- ti μ- ti tr tr ro tr Pi i φ ø Pi Pi

OJ ϋ X^") Φ ^*£ ^■ : XI Pi ro UJ tr ti M 10 øJ Pi Φ μ- rt OJ Φ μ- ØJ 3 Φ Ω 3 ti XI μ- et tr 0 tr 3 ø et ro Φ Φ 0 ø ti ø μ- μ- ø 0 Ω ø TJ OJ 0 0 tr μ- OJ 0 ø tr 0 t 0 μ- ØJ M ro 3 XI Φ et Ω X! 0 CQ rt i tr X! Φ rt OJ 0 μ- t-3 ø M TJ J XI

Φ < <! CO Ω et μ- 0J ti ØJ OJ 0 0 tr Φ ti 0 Φ Φ ti μ- ft rt Ω tr 0 ft ti Φ rt μ- tr tr ø et 3 -< 10 M 0 ro φ TJ • rt £ OJ ti ØJ ø μ- 0 tr Φ 3 M μ- ØJ

Φ 0 ra Ω Φ rt Φ 0 μ- 0 OJ 3 ra ti OJ OJ M 0 ti μ- ti er X! ø μ- Φ 0 ø

ØJ 0 Ω 0 3 ii OJ ø tr Φ ft OJ 3 0 Ω OJ ti 0J rt ro TJ 0 10 OJ μ- OJ X^*! rt 3 0 ~<

Hi ii <i 0 ØJ φ 3 μ- rt et ro Φ 0 φ ^ Ω 0 ^•<: rt Ω H 0 tr i ti 0 0 ra J ø tr Φ OJ ft øJ 3 rt OJ 0 ø tr tr i ø 0 Ω μ- Φ rt M CO μ- J φ Φ ti Ω TJ ti 0 ϋ M μ- φ tr ti Φ μ- CQ Ω Φ μ- ra CQ ft tr OJ 0 Ω 0 0 Hi ø ti Hi 0 μ- TJ OJ Φ Pi M ø ti Φ ^■ : rt ø ø 0 rt CQ Φ tr Φ rt 0 tr 0 μ- μ- $. Φ φ φ ØJ Ω 3 ø M ii < μ-

M φ X! ii 0 tr rt μ- t Ω Φ μ- J Φ ø m Φ ti rt Hi ti tr 0 TJ pr 0J OJ 0 et

3 0 rt ti φ TJ Φ Φ OJ ra 0 0 ø M 3 ti tr φ OJ O 0 0 Ω ft Hi μ-

OJ ≤ tr Ω CD M 3 ra Ω et 0J Φ TJ XI ro μ- < rt 0 Φ ii tr <! M ra M Φ 0 μ- CD 0J μ- Φ > 0 Φ TJ T3 J 0 0 ft X φ Ω H φ 0 et Hi OJ M φ μ- μ- 0J Pi m CD rt 0 et ø ØJ 3 ØJ ii Φ Φ ra μ- Ω ti Ω ω ØJ tr CD tr ti tr ^ ø et ^ tr ti 0 et rt CO TJ 0 ⁾ φ ti Ω μ- OJ ø tr OJ O M Φ CQ tr Φ tr Φ M 0 X3 μ- ro rt μ- 0 Φ Hi ti o

H

ØJ ^* Φ μ- O Pi i OJ rt et X3 0J rt 3 0 Φ φ Φ OJ ^* ; rt ii 0 ii tr ø ra OJ ra μ- μ- 3 10 CQ μ- Φ rt ^•*<^*: ra ø μ- J i Ω Φ M et 0J Ω øJ rt ø Φ Ω φ TJ Ω ø φ TJ ø μ- co rt 0 0 TJ Ω X3 <! 0 tr ø ø Φ et rt Ω pr tr tr M Hi ii rt et vo ø Φ 0J et Φ ii Hi 0 Φ 0 Φ Φ CD 0 0J Φ 0 0 3 0 0 Φ Φ Φ μ- OJ ø 0 φ OJ 0 et rt ii M μ- 0 ti Φ Hi Ω 3 ti M μ- rt ø i ti et T3 μ- ti 0 CD M ra XI Pi M CD 0 O tr *J

OJ CD 0 TJ 3 ft μ- J ^ et tr ω XI Φ Φ 0 1 O ø Φ φ rt tr J

Φ rt ø φ μ- 0 tr et Hi 0 et μ- ro Φ ^• ; Ω Pi ti rt ft s TJ Φ ra Hi ø Φ (Λ ø ti ø Hi Φ tr μ- CQ 0 0 ϋ 0 tr ti 0 00 0 0 rt ti ØJ φ φ φ μ- ø μ- 0 μ- Φ 0 ø ØJ ϋ

φ 1 Pi Pi 1 ø 1 ø 1

24

In addition, viscometer 4 and/or thermocouple 3 may be operatively coupled to a keyboard or pad 5 for inputting predetermined viscosity and/or temperature values or ranges. Keyboard 5 is connected to a microprocessor 6 in order to facilitate the maintenance of viscosity of the aqueous coating. In response to input from thermocouple 3 and/or viscometer 4, and in accordance with instructions and range values input via keyboard 5, microprocessor 6 controls heat exchanger 2 to vary the temperature inside reactor 1. A display monitor 7 provides visual feedback of temperature, viscosity settings, etc. to an operator. Inputting viscosity measurements within a pre-determined range for a coating application will enable an operator through microprocessor 6 and thermocouple 3 to control the temperature and, consequently, the viscosity of the aqueous coating composition. Viscometer 4 may serve as a gauge to constantly measure the viscosity of the aqueous coating to ensure that the aqueous coating always has the same viscosity as is desired for a particular application. Microprocessor 6 may be driven by simple software which can be stored in a read only memory (ROM) , erasable, programmable read only memory (EPROM) or other standard memory devices with the proviso that the software may be easily modified to accommodate the temperature and/or viscosity measurements desired for the printing process to be employed. The software may allow for the input and/or storage of set ranges of viscosities and/or temperatures.

Alternatively, reactor 1 may simply be operatively connected to heat exchanger 2 to manually regulate temperature. Optionally, a thermocouple 3 may be operatively connected to heat exchange 2 to provide electronic regulation of the temperature of the aqueous coating in reactor 1.

For a particular coating process, for example, wet- trap in-line, off-line dry-trap, gravure, offset, silk-screen, flexography, the viscosities of a coating composition will fall within certain values. For example, in the case of gravure printing processes, the viscosity of an aqueous coating composition ranges from about 15 to about 60 seconds measured with a #2 Drip Cup. This translates to a viscosity measurement range of about 19 to about 60 centipoises. In the case of silk screen printing, this requires a viscosity TJ Hi rt TJ et ØJ rt TJ ^•≤ ro φ OJ rt J J <! 0 μ> Ω TJ J 0 CO Ω rt TJ rt 3 Ω OJ J OJ ti Hi 0 ii

ØJ Φ tr ii 0 tr 0 μ- ø 3 μ- μ- ti ti μ- Hi t 0 ϋ ti Hi μ- μ- Φ OJ Φ ØJ Φ tr ti tr 0J M Hi ØJ et ti Φ μ- Ω ro m rt rt TJ Pi to 0 μ- ro ra OJ 0 Φ ra Φ 3 ti 3 -<; 0 0 μ- 0 0 Φ ø tr ti ø ØJ 0 μ- tr M μ- Ω ø ø Pi Ω rt rt rt Ω αi rr rt ø TJ rt TJ ft 0 ø ø X3 X 0J XI o

Φ Ω rt XI Ø TJ rt 0 μ- 0 Hl 0 er ro 0 tr tr μ- φ Φ tr Φ rt Φ μ- Φ Φ μ- rt rt rt Φ 0 tr φ

Hi 0 μ- ø rt ϋ μ- ø 0 ^• : Hi ra 3 μ- et ra φ ti ø ra ø φ ø i Ω ii ø TJ μ- CQ ) 0 OJ ii 0J ø Φ μ- μ- 0 rt <i Φ φ μ- ØJ 0 ro μ- 0 X! CQ rt Ω rt øJ 0 ØJ OJ 0 μ> ø U⁾ ti 0 0 o

0 0 rt X) 0 0 ø ø Φ i et "< X! i rt Hi ø ro J ^ 0 rt M rt tr VO μ- Ul XI o Hi øJ rt Hi

3 ti μ- 0 X3 > rt rt ø φ -< 3 ^ 0 X) Ω CD μ- TI ti ø OJ ø M t-3 ra - ti J 00

0 TJ CQ ra μ- tr rt ø tr 3 μ- 0 tr 0 • ø μ- μ- μ- Ω ti ti i φ tr φ rt 0 tr -j OJ

Ω XI ti Ω ø ro μ- et Z Φ ro ø o ii 3 <! XI ø ø 0 Φ Φ ø CO 0 rt 3 ^• ; tr

0 Φ 0 Ω 0 μ- XI H 0 H3 μ- rt ro Hi <! TJ φ 0 rt 3 m OJ ra OJ CO . tr et 0

0 M Ω Ω 0 3 M tr ø ø tr <! rt 3 tr ii ØJ 0 H ø ti μ- Pi J TJ 0 U) Φ rt ØJ J 0 0 rt μ- 0 Φ OJ TJ M ØJ μ- ro ø μ- tr 0 0 rt Φ M CQ 0 rt Φ ø Φ M ØJ TJ o o 0 tr ii rt

OJ <! 3 ω rt 0 0 ϋ CO Φ rt CD ra μ- Pi Pi ii tr OJ <! μ- μ- X5 TJ Φ ø M ti 0 rt <! 0 μ- 0J μ- φ J ra μ- CD CD rt Pi 0 •» Ω ø μ- ØJ ro Ω φ rt Hi 0 t 0 rt μ- Pi TJ tr CD μ- OJ 0 ø tr μ> ø ii 0 0 μ- ft . μ- 0 Hi ro 0 π CD μ- μ- ø TJ CO Φ ^^ Ω *^ Φ Φ φ ra tr rt t 0 to

Φ Φ ra Ω XI rt ti ra er OJ μ- CD ØJ μ- J3 XI Ω o 0 X3 Pi ii μ- o 0J 0 ϋ Ω Ω 0 μ- 0 ti μ- 0 μ- øJ 0 Ω et μ- Φ TJ ro 0 ii μ> ø ø Hi Φ 0 rt OJ ii ft ti ØJ ϋ 0 0 0 t ø et rt et 3 Ω 0 rt ØJ Ω rt J P. M OJ CD U⁾ ϋ 0 TJ Ω μ- μ- rt Φ 0 ra ft o X3 0 ω rt μ- TJ 0 0 Φ ø Ω 0 μ- ^ ϋ 0 rt 1 ro ti μ- Φ 0 TJ < 0 < 0 OJ P. μ- |J o tr 0 ti 3 Pi tr 3 co φ CD 0J μ- Pi Ω m X! ti μ- ø μ- ti Ω ra et rt o ØJ ϋ 0 μ- J ø Φ 3 Pi μ- Φ ra 0 φ cn Ω to ø rt CD μ- co co et ^ J^ 0 rt tr er 0 • CD O TJ μ- ø 3 O TJ φ φ 3 XI TJ 0 *« CD CD OJ ø Ω ØJ Ω et 0 _^-_^ o tr Ω 0

0 0 φ CD 0J ø ro μ- Pi 0 J rt TJ - P. μ- $. OJ Φ 0 XI rt 0 ø 0 0 ϋ * 0 OJ Φ Φ 0

XI CO μ- ϋ X Ω OJ CO Φ ro M φ Ω Ω tr rt ti rt ϋ 0 μ- CO i CD u> Hi Ω tr 0 rt

OJ tr t-3 rt rt tJ J ØJ rt CD ø i ^ rt ra 0 et μ- μ- Φ μ- tr Φ ø μ- μ- μ- ØJ ro 0 <! ft tr ØJ μ- μ- μ- ro M Φ μ- Pi 3 tr Ω 3 φ Ω ø ra ø Φ Ω 0 XI tt rt rt ø Ω tJ rt ø 0 μ- μ- tr OJ Φ 0 Ω X! Ω M tr μ- μ- tr Φ ti J tr XI φ 0 ø μ- 0 μ- TJ Ω ii tr rt ft ra TJ UJ

M Ω ø 0 ø rt ^* : OJ M ø ø ^*- μ- 0 ti ØJ OJ 3 CO 0 Φ Φ ø 0 μ- Φ μ- Ω 0

OJ Ω Ω 0 ra M ϋ ro Φ X5 ro rt tr ra μ- Ω Ω < Pi J TJ m tr CQ et ii TJ TJ CTi 0 μ- CD

0 0 0 0 - OJ Φ i ØJ TJ OJ ti Φ μ- ra ØJ 0 0 J øJ 0 Ω Φ ØJ Pi ØJ 0 o ra ra Φ Ul pr 0 OJ ft i Pi M 0 ø P. OJ Pi et ø 3 μ- M TJ ra 0 ti 3 <: s: OJ μ- Ω XI μ- μ- Φ Ω

Φ P. rt OJ 0 M UJ ti 0 ra J ii 1—1. 0 μ- Ω J ti 0 rt μ- 0J ØJ ØJ Φ tr ø ø ø m CQ rt CD 0 rt 0 μ- μ- 0 ~< - ro 0 ϋ μ- o OJ 0 ra ØJ 0 OJ tr 0 ti OJ et π rt μ- μ- i XI TJ Φ φ Φ * • 0 μ- 0 ø rt CD ra OJ ø 0 ø CQ Hi tr ø TJ Φ CD oo ØJ tr μ- μ- μ- ø et Ω Φ — 0 ra Ω

0 rt XI Φ 0 μ- ØJ 0 rt M XI X) rt φ 0 ØJ μ- M μ- 0 ø 0 t tr tr m rt 0 . 0 0 CO ϋ ii ø 0 M μ- et ro μ- ii <! 3 tr 0 et Ω μ- M ø 10 0 OJ OJ μ- 0 CD 0 Hi H

UJ Ω OJ Ω rt rt t et tr • ø φ μ- M TJ μ- 0 rt μ- • μ- rt OJ ti 0 Pi 0 _^~^

Ω to 0 0 M ØJ tr ^ tr Φ X! 0 . et Φ Φ o 0 ^>< rt ø Ω ø ti φ rt ti Ω CQ ft *

0 3 ii CD 0 CD øJ Φ Φ Hi tr ø ø rt ~< ra 0 φ ti Φ & tr 0 0 tr rt to

OJ Φ TJ 0 Pi CQ 0 0 TJ M ØJ μ- 0 Φ 0J 0 φ 3 H3 Pi OJ Φ ØJ 0J _^-_^ Φ tr rt X 0 ti tr μ- Φ Pi ØJ Hi 3 ti OJ ø ft o ø Hi p. Hi μ- Hi 0 Pi TJ tr ø Pi ti tr ft ft # Φ α μ- rt CO Φ ra ø Λ φ μ- Ω Pi tr φ M ø Hi 0 Φ Hi XI φ ØJ TJ 0 μ- tr t ØJ ii ø Φ μ- CD er Xl øJ 0 TJ et ø tr Φ TJ OJ 3 o 0 ra J CO 0 Φ rt ø ti 0 ø Φ XI Ω μ-

X! 0 rt φ ti M φ ϋ tr rt 3 φ 0J ϋ £ ϋ rt μ- ti ϋ Φ X3 Φ et XI α 0 ØJ TJ i μ- ti ØJ tr ^>< Ω 0 μ- 0 μ- ti ØJ ØJ 0 TJ μ- ra ØJ μ- tr et Φ 0 ϋ Φ CQ Ω ti Φ CD

Pi μ- 0 < rt 0 M 0 ø P. ø Φ μ- X5 P. ti ø Ω ø Φ μ- ra OJ ti 3 ro 00 ii OJ μ- 0 Φ Ω

Φ ø 0 0 Φ rt Hi ro CD rt 10 0J ø 0 μ- φ rt M et CD rt 0 0 μ- 0 ø o ØJ ra TJ 0 0 J 10 μ- 0 OJ μ- 0 Ω e Φ ø ar 0J 0 0 μ- μ- 3 0 M TJ ii ø ti et ø φ CD 0 T _^

0 μ- ti to ø ii ϋ Ω ø Hi 3 rt OJ 0 XI φ μ- CO ø ø φ ra (t Φ ØJ φ et IX! Ω Hi

CD OJ 10 vo 0 o XI Φ 0 μ- 0 et ø φ ϋ cø X! rt ϋ ø ii μ- 0 φ 0 0 Ω n rS μ- M UJ rt & ØJ OJ rt rt ϋ ø CO ø μ- Pi Φ M tr ϋ μ- μ- X! OJ ø ra Hi TJ. 0 0 rt 0 et o Pi or rt TJ tr tr μ- TJ 0 ø OJ Φ 0 Φ CD 0 Φ Hi 0 <i øJ 0J ti μ- 0 ti 0 M TJ < μ- ti Φ 0 3 ø Ω 0 ti X! Ω Pi X! Pi ra 0 X^*! Φ tr Hi 0 - rt vo

0 XI ØJ tr ti μ- 0 ØJ 0 0 0- ØJ cø 0 0 ft 0J OJ Ω ii Φ ø 0 ti Hi μ- OJ vo

0 0 0 μ- 3 CQ 0 XI Ω TJ *< 3 rt H 0 XI 0 ti 0 CQ 0 ra rt 0 0 Hi 0 ø

OJ CO M ø μ- μ- Ω Φ ti rt TJ rt tr OJ ti ø Hi 0 0 Hi δ

0J μ- et 3 CQ ti XI i ts ro OJ ϋ 1 Pi X! rt rt Ω CD φ tr tr 0 tr φ Ω ra Φ M 1 Hi 0 0 Φ OJ m

0 μ- Φ μ- 0 ra ra 0J φ CD ro tr 0 rt Φ Hi Hi 0 to ft 0 oo

M ø ØJ Pi ø μ- 3 Φ 1 μ- vo ø tr ra μ- to X3

1 XI X! ø 1 ra Φ 1 1 CQ Φ CD 1 Ul Φ

l α M μ- TJ J Ω s; er øJ Ω Hi rt Ω rt tr φ UJ Hi Pi Ω Ul μ- rt CD pr φ> TJ TJ ft TJ 0 > rt ro 3 M

|J 0 μ- ø ti 0 0 0 μ- Pi 0J Φ Φ 0 μ- M X »i ro μ- 0 o M 0 μ- Φ 00 ii 0 ro ϋ ii tr X 0 Φ ti 3 10 ro ra ØJ 0 0 P. M ti 3 CQ 0 0J Ω • ii Hi .3 - M XI Φ ra 3 0 et ro Ω < ii tr μ- μ- Ω μ- rt M 0 μ- TJ μ- ø 0 tr Φ Hi J ø Ω 0 tr ØJ ra μ- J < OJ Φ tr ro VO

0 ø rt ØJ μ- rt μ- Pi rt Ω 0 Φ rt pr OJ ø Φ 0 tr CD 0 OJ 0 0 CD et ro μ- M 3 M OJ i UJ VO

M X! ro ra μ- 0 μ- 0 Hi ti "< rt Φ ø Ω et ti CQ Φ ft 0 M OJ P. μ- ti Pi 0 J OJ

CD ø |J OJ vo

Pi i Ω φ 0 X5 ØJ tr 0 3 OJ ti er XI 0 Φ μ- OJ ti rt ti UJ 0 OJ μ- 0 Φ et XI tr v μ- OJ 0 M ø M 0 ø J tr rt OJ Φ 0 Hi ø rt rt OJ ii & TJ σ\ ø rt ø X^*) ϋ et ro *-< 0 oo ø rt Ω CD rt 0 Φ ø M ø 00

ØJ > ^ ti ϋ rt ϋ rt μ- rt 0 rt ø 0 10 CD OJ ro ii Hi

XI TJ 0 ft CO 0 0 3 0 ØJ ti ft CD 0 ti 0 0 Φ 0 Φ M ti . — . ti tr ti μ- rt ti ØJ ii μ- Ω 3 rt μ- Φ et Φ Hi M |J 0 3 Hi ø X OJ ø CD ro ro ØJ i ø . OJ et μ- OJ ø Pi 0 > J tr tr 3 0 μ- Φ M o M ii Ω i Φ 0 o 0 H μ- ro ϋ tr o J tr ø X5 XI Φ 0 Ω 0 Φ Φ tr rt Φ 0 CQ ϋ Φ rt 0 μ- tr Φ • M CD rr OJ 0 0 . — , Ω Φ ro 0 TJ

Φ rt 0 J rt Ω ra rt 0 Hi ti ti CD 0 tr 3 ø OJ CD Φ 3 0 X! ØJ 0 TJ μ- μ- 3 ϋ μ- Φ Ω μ- ϋ 0 μ- Ω TJ μ- Φ rt Φ 0 0 Φ ø J 3 μ- μ- rt 0J ø ø 0J ra ø ø J μ-

Ω 0 0 0 Ω 0 ii rt tr Φ Ω ra ii t 0 Pi UJ μ- 0⁾ rt XI 0 φ rt M Ω Pi α et rt φ J Ω ø

0 XI ø 3 rt M P. μ- 0J ti tr XI tr (J rt rt rt ti Φ 0 ø rt M rt Ω φ ii tr ø M J et

OJ CQ TJ Φ M μ- 0 ø Ω OJ OJ ~< φ tr rt tr Φ ^•""j¹ 0J ϋ ra rt Φ 0 0 0 M rt 0 CO ro 0 oo μ- rt TJ 0 P. Φ ø 0 X! Φ ø i φ O OJ OJ Ul 3 μ- < Φ m Pi CD ti μ- tr M UJ o Hi Pi - ø μ- ϋ Ω CO i ⁽ø Φ 0 J Ω 0 rt o TJ φ Φ *> rt TJ < 0 to ti Hi μ- XI

0 0 0 μ- μ- M μ- Pi rt Φ Φ 0 0 CD Pi Φ ø M o rt CD rt ti ti OJ φ CD 0 Φ ø Φ

X) Ω OJ rt ø cn

^ OJ Pi a OJ o ø rt m ϋ rt 0 ø 0 ØJ Φ 0 ϋ 0 0- |J> Ω X! • TJ

Φ rt μ- X) rt 0 rt rt tr tr Φ øJ T3 Ω Ω rt TJ Ω Φ <! μ- 0 oo rt X! ϋ

Ω CD μ- 0 TI 3 Φ tr et μ- Φ ra 3 Φ ti rt rt ØJ tr rt tr tr φ ϋ Φ & μ- et Z μ- tr Φ

0 ra 0 ø μ- < ØJ H Φ 0 CO ø Pi rt 0 < ø Φ ft 0⁾ tr Φ α 0 ra ø CO φ - - < ra

3 X! - XI μ- μ- 0 Ω 0 XI ti ti Ω φ ti M tr ø Φ ØJ ØJ — XI 5^> et Ω Ul CD 0 Φ ØJ ra

TJ Ω ø ra ø 0 rt t M et OJ Φ 0 ra Φ J X! ra rt _^ ii μ- 0 0 o et Ω rt OJ

0 0 Ω TJ ϋ Ω rt OJ 3 Φ tr <! Ω tr rt OJ Φ UJ Φ Ω OJ tt ra ii tr rt μ- UJ

CQ 3 0 øJ Φ 0 OJ Ω J 3 Φ φ 0 ØJ Φ ti rt rt 0 ti to CQ 0 < Φ Ω 3 tr tr μ- £, ro tr ø cn μ- TJ 3 ii ra μ- Ω 0 J 0 3 et Φ μ- 0 ϋ ØJ ø ØJ X 0 3 M rt μ- ØJ ØJ ti X! μ- • et ii ^>8 rt |J μ- ø 0 0 Φ Ω et TJ to M ø rt rt et rt M Ω 0 φ rt OJ ^■^ rt 3 CD 0 ØJ t μ- μ- 0 μ- - rt Φ ii ro ii 0 0 tr o Φ X! ti rt ø 0 tr ϋ < tr rt Pi tr 0 tr 0 Ω J OΛ

0 ra CO Ω *< Pi Pi ø 0J ØJ ,—, CO Φ - < φ Φ ti Φ 0 φ 0J i Φ pr 0 0J XI 0 tr H3 ø φ μ- ø OJ OJ rt rt rt Φ μ- so OJ Ω 10 3 Φ ØJ M CD ø 0 μ- Φ 0 ti Hi tr μ- ii tr ra rt M 0 ØJ Φ 0 ra ø μ- • et et OJ 0 0 ø TJ rt XI M ø rt rt Hi Φ rt M 0J Φ μ- 0J 0 ø ra Ω ϋ 0 XI μ- rt rt 3 M Φ øJ J Φ CD 0J Φ ra Φ ØJ tr tr rt CD X5

OJ 0 H rt ra Φ 0 Φ xa . 0 Φ rt M J OJ ti ø ti 3 μ- 0 ti 0 rt 3 ti rt M ro Φ tr 3 Ω

1-3 0 M tr Φ Hi * ø X øJ < 0 ft OJ Pi Φ TJ XI P. 0 ti TJ 0 tr 1 OJ ti Φ |J 0 tr Ω CO ^< Φ Ω ø ^**> O Ω Ω μ- _^ CD Φ rt *• i Φ ø *> μ- 0 Φ M Φ ft rt 3 to TJ OJ φ 0 ti 0 rt μ- rt Hi 0 ^•≤ CO tr ø μ- ø Φ ϋ ØJ 3 o tt Ω ti M μ- 0 0 0 rt ø μ- 3 μ- tt tr 3 ØJ 0 ØJ CD rt tt rt ti Ω rt øJ M 0 ft OJ Φ OJ 3 Φ Ω TJ OJ 3 μ-

Ω rt 0 ø OJ TJ ø^j tr ro ft TJ rt M ø tr μ- tr Φ 0 Φ rt CD rt ØJ Ul μ- rt ti X^"! φ X 0 ro 0 TJ ø

0 OJ 0 Ω ra 0 M tr 0 Φ Φ X! ØJ Φ 0 Φ CQ 0 ti ø 0 0 o 0 0 0 Ω 0 ti Pi XI

ØJ μ- rt M ra ra M rt Ω Φ CQ ^ M φ ø Ω 3 ti Hi ϋ Pi 0 ti UJ Φ Pi tr TJ OJ rt ø 0 0 ro μ- ^•<; tr 0 μ- ^ ti TJ Ω 0 0 0 μ- Φ ϋ XI ra Φ U 0 ØJ OJ M rt Ω rt Ω μ- Φ Pi rt Φ 0J Ω rt ti 0 rt TJ Hi 3 ø 0 ra 3 Φ 0 rt ø Φ μ- 0 tr 0 ø i OJ μ- Q¹ μ- Ω rt 0 μ- 0 et |J Φ OJ ti Φ μ- Φ 0 3 £ 0 ø 0 CD OJ cø 0 0 ii 3

XI ø M 0 0 μ- μ- ØJ 0 i tr o Pi er OJ i tr rt P. Hi μ- ti Φ φ OJ Hi Φ μ- 0 M 0 TJ

0 CD XI "< ø 0 ø ø rt 0 ϋ Φ μ- 0 ØJ M OJ Ω tt Φ ti • ft Ω OJ ii co μ- 0 0

Ω ti 0 CD <i XI μ- 0 0 3 et ø ra rt OJ 0 rt rt 0 Ω ØJ cø OJ TJ 0 CD 0 ø 10 CD

0 tr tr Hi Ω rt φ ø rt ø 0 Φ X! Hi μ- 0 rt Φ tr 0 tr TJ rt • ϋ 0J |J> J Hi X! tr μ-

3 ϋ CO 0 0 OJ øJ ø Ω XJ tr X} ti φ 0 pr M 3 Φ rt Φ ø⁾ φ - Hi μ- rt rt o ti rt o -a

TJ Φ ft rt ti 0 0 rt 0 cn Φ tr μ- 3 Ω ti 0 Φ ^> J ti CQ ti ra i ø μ- 0 0 0J Ω ØJ μ- H

0 CO ϋ rt μ- 3 Ω ø ti Hi μ- 0 ti et - Φ Ω 0 rt Hi 0 rt 0 Hi < 0 0

CQ Φ OJ 0 tr 0 TJ 0 Ω OJ μ- ø M Φ 0 ii 0 M --_^ μ- Ω ti 3 μ- J rt 0 μ- Hi μ- tr 0 vo μ- a rt 0 ro Φ μ- ø 0 3 tr Ω φ φ J Pi Hi ti i OJ ØJ ø Ω 0 0 ø tr ti Pi OJ M φ vo rt Φ rt J ø ra J tr ft ra Pi 0 0 μ- et rt 0 0 0 ø 3 ra X! Ω φ Φ 0 CD OJ μ- δ - t μ- 0 0 μ 0 0J Φ ii CD rt tr M Hi ø μ- 0 rt M rt ro 0 rt co OJ

0 μ- Ul ra Ω rt rt CQ ø 3 OJ rt <! μ- 0 ro M 1 ti ø μ- 0J ti OJ ø 3 φ» Φ> m ø ti to μ- 0 tr μ- μ- μ- 0 tr μ- 1 ØJ Φ Φ XI tt ti 0 ra 1 μ- <T\ ^ 00 rt 3 Φ 0 1 1 CD Φ m et ti M M 0 ø

1 1 0 1 1 ϋ

μ- Ω rt Ω OJ ØJ tr t tr rt -J TJ Ω 0 Hi rt Ω ι rt rt , — . CD OJ P. rt μ- 0 It Ω M Ω T-J J Ω μ- ø 0 tr 0 J M M μ- M μ- OΛ ti 0 0 φ ø 0 OΛ ti ϋ 0 0 Ω φ 0 ø Hi tr 0 φ 0 μ- ti 0 CQ J 0 Φ OJ TJ rt 0J 0 μ- ØJ Φ 3 μ- i ti 3 0 OJ 0 OJ Ω M ti XI Φ rt 0 ti 3 Ω μ- rt rt ø

M Φ 0 0 ø M 3 Pi TJ et φ Φ TJ M 0 rt 0 0 μ- Φ tr ϋ Φ M CD J pr ø et rt

ØJ OJ rt μ- μ- ϋ pr J M 0 Φ 0 ø 0 tr CD ft ti < øJ Φ 3 3 μ- 0 0 et OJ ϋ vo μ- ti ø Ω 0 Φ CD ^ Pi et CO ι et Pi CD Φ φ 3 μ- P. φ . — . OJ 0 TJ ø σ> CD TJ μ- μ- OJ

Ω ø OJ J OJ OJ rt 3 μ- Φ μ- n μ- μ- OJ M μ- M rt OJ ii ØJ Ω rt Ω Φ J μ- ø ø ø vo

0 Φ ø er rt Ω ØJ CO Hi ii tt Hi Hi et rt Φ et M 0 0 φ ø 0 0 ti *—' et ii J φ ra o

OJ TJ ϋ ra Ω 0 μ- ti M 0 μ- 0 μ- > 3 μ- 0 ti Hi μ- H 3 rt 0 Ω α P. 0 Φ ø OJ OJ μ- 0 ti Hi ∞ rt μ- Hi 0 ϋ <! 0 0 3 ø M φ CD μ- 0 J 0 φ 0 ro 0 φ φ CD J ro rt X TJ rt Ω 0 0 M TJ φ μ- X! oo φ ø φ M TJ rt ro ra ø ø Φ 3 ϋ ø X ø i rt ti rt rt ti Ω M 0 0 Pi ø M ti Ul i

0 0 to ϋ rt ti M TJ 0 φ M μ- φ i ro Ω ti rt ti Φ s- 0 tr 0 tr Φ ti μ- φ Φ |J ti J ti OJ O 3 Φ ti 0 ø ~ et ø Pi rt ØJ rt ø ØJ tr Φ CQ rt ØJ TJ μ- 0 M OJ Φ M OΛ μ- ti CD φ

Φ ti TJ μ- M Φ i μ- φ OJ tr ti et tr rt M 0J CD 0 rt ti rt tr CD ø CD *> CD CO et Pi

Ω Φ OJ ø M rt ø 0 ø rt Φ ØJ < ØJ Φ Φ 0 ø TJ CO Φ 0 tr M 0 X! μ- ra OΛ 0

0 Ul TJ rt φ φ tr Ul rt et Ω tr M μ- ø ra Hi 0 J 0 0 tr Pi XI 0J < 0 Φ ra φ σi OJ et to OΛ 0

3 M tr ϋ ti 0 oo μ- ra Φ ii rt M ra ra rt ϋ XJ Φ ø Ω Φ — ti rt 0 μ- μ- ii ø oo i ti o OJ ϋ

TJ Pi OJ Pi ø 0 Φ Ω Hi tr Φ 0 ii CO ø- ØJ øJ tr pr ω rt TJ CO Φ OJ OJ .

0 Φ Ω 0 0 cn tr J 0 ø 3 Φ 0 φ φ 3 3 rt φ rt 3 Φ Φ Ω j i 0 OJ ø 0 Ω

CO J Φ Hi ti σi Hi Hi XI TJ 3 CO ti ØJ J ti ι 0J Ω 3 rt 0 o to 0 ti ø TJ ra i 0 Φ μ- μ- CD ~ 0 TJ tr Φ CJ" μ- ti rt Φ OJ OJ to ft CD Φ 0 Φ rt CD cn <i Pi ti Hi ι-3 ØJ M rt Ω ft ti ϋ 0J ti ft ti 0 rt Φ ti 1 < 0 X 0 Pi Φ ti μ- μ- ^■-J 0 Φ i tr rt μ- μ- rt Ω tr Φ øJ ø Φ tr OJ OJ P. -< Pi Φ øJ Φ Ω CO Ω ft 3 0 rt $ Φ Pi |J> 1 < ti 0 Φ μ- <!

0 m 0 Φ CD Pi ra ro tt μ- X rt μ- M tr ft tr ϋ μ- J M r rt ø 3 et Ω ø ro ØJ tr μ- 0J 0 ø Φ M ^ μ- • Φ o μ- ti rt 0 Φ ø 0 φ ø φ μ- a rt XI P. .— Φ ØJ Ω J ti

ØJ rt OJ ti 0 M 3 i ti Φ 0 tr ϋ ø TJ ø Φ rt ø M CQ ii Φ tr • φ rt Φ i rt 0 Φ

0 ø ØJ XJ <i N μ- TJ OΛ ro OJ Φ ø OJ Φ rt P J Ω J ft OJ ti 0 μ- • 0 i Φ OJ Pi P.

0 μ- 0 o N < ti o μ- 0 rt tr ø CD ft Φ Ω tr Φ 0 ti rt Hi ϋ ø J J rt ft Φ

OJ 0 Φ μ- M Φ Φ XJ CD 0 ra M XJ rt tr ra 0 Φ ii 0 ø ø Ul φ 0 • Φ

CD s 0 μ- TJ OJ øJ CO Φ 0 ϋ Φ ii tr Hi Hi OJ Φ 0 Φ 0 CD μ- Ω ii oo ft ØJ 0 0 - rt μ- rt ø 0 M

0 ra i ø μ- CD ØJ t ro P. 0 ϋ Hi 3 Ul rt rt -j et rt Φ tr M ti tr rt OJ 0 J CD 0 φ CD oo 00 ø μ- ti rt Φ pr TJ cn tr ti . — . t μ- O ro 1 tr OJ φ tr 0 μ- 0 ~j μ- 3 Ul to O XJ o Ω TJ tr CD Φ -J tr Φ Φ 0 ø -j 0 i Hi rt M ØJ 0 ti ØJ Ω t J ø ' . Ω . 0 0 Φ 0 Φ Ω et to M ti rt M 0 ØJ cn 0 OJ Ω μ- OJ M tr OJ 0 μ- pr M O Φ rt 0 ti Hi ti 0J OJ O rt rt 0 ra ft TJ 0 3 0 0 μ- Hi Φ TJ ø 3 0 OJ

Φ ^ OJ X tr ti 0 Ω Ω μ- ϋ CD 0 rt Φ CD Pi J OJ ti 0J φ pr 0 0 0 OJ TJ μ- ^>Q 0

Pi ft S rt Φ 0 rt Φ tr 0 tr 0 0 pr ø øJ 3 μ- μ- φ μ- rt Φ XI Hi ϋ rt M TJ o TJ

0 μ- 0 Φ M Φ 0 ro ØJ Φ M Φ i J XI M 3 ø φ Hi ø μ- Pi rt CD ti 3 μ- CQ 0 0⁾

M ti ø N 0 Ω M ϋ rt OJ rt P. M et rt Φ TJ Φ 0 M 0 φ • ti rt ø OJ μ- OJ μ- Φ Ω cn μ- ii rt

OJ XJ N P. o Φ TJ OJ rt μ- Φ tr ti i ØJ 0 ii ti XI 0 μ- XI rt ii p. i ø X OJ φ> et tr

~< ØJ M ra OJ ti ti XI ø tr ti OJ ti OJ ro OJ M ra Φ ØJ . 3 ø øJ 0 Φ Φ X! Ω ft μ- tr φ TJ Ω Φ rt Φ φ ro J Φ rt 0 ø Pi rt CQ rt rt - J Ω M Pi tr 0 S 0 M Ul ti TJ 0 rt μ- ] CO ra ø ii Ul M Pi φ ø ii TJ Φ CQ 0 OJ M TJ ø⁾ OJ ti tr 0 OJ cn

OJ 3 00 0 0 oo CD Φ Ω Φ CO rt M ft ti Hi ØJ OJ CD Hi Φ J CD Φ ii TJ X! • 0 0 ϋ 0 μ- t Φ ra φ Φ ϋ rt 3 ØJ CD ø Φ 0

0 O ii i 0 ti J ti rt Φ tr XI ϋ ii μ- pr Φ ϋ OJ 0 0 ϋ Hi XI 3 ø OJ Φ ϋ TJ ti 0 ro er Ω 0 m Φ 0 ft tr 0 ro Φ 0 φ ra Φ rt X

CO μ- μ- Ω H Φ ^ TJ •> rt Φ 3 0 3 μ- 0 3 0 CO ra 0 Ul ra OJ M et rt

OJ ø μ- ra J 0 0 et - 0 rt OJ Ul Ω μ- Hi Ω 0 ti CD μ- 00 Ul 0 rt M rt φ Φ

0 ra et 3 μ- tr CQ tr øJ XI 00 μ- ø Ω • ø rt ØJ rt et •» σi ii tr Φ tr ø ti ø μ- rt n J OJ ar ro rt μ- Φ μ- 0 • Hl φ ft 0 M ii -j OΛ μ- tr Φ Φ ii φ et 0 ø Hi 0 tr *> 0 0 tr rt 0J ø φ μ- P. tr 0 0J 0 pr - o 0 Φ Hi Pi 0 X ø^j ii M μ-

0 0 0 ø CD ØJ Ω Φ μ- rt CD 0 Ω Φ rt ii M Φ . 0 0 0 ii Ω et cn Ω ØJ M ø O μ- ti CD Hi μ- J 0 ti 0 ØJ rt ti M H

0 Ω - OJ rt i ≤ tr μ- cn 0 μ- φ J ø ti rt TJ 3 φ ø φ 0J CD 0 M Φ Ω 0 ^ CO tr 0 tr Φ ø ØJ OJ ø • ØJ ø ti pr s J M J tr X M 3 «J

P. 0 μ- 0 0 M μ- 0 Pi Φ 3 J CO ø XI rt φ Hi φ Φ tr OJ 3 0 μ- 0 ~< Φ Ω Ω rt -< J øJ et J OJ 0 μ- TJ ti rt X! μ- Ul ti

Pi TJ μ- i ø φ ra CQ tr 0 ϋ φ rt 0 0 ø i T-J ø Φ 0 ti Φ OJ td ø oo 0 δ

0 M rt OJ Pi μ- Φ CQ 0J 0J 0 P. ii μ- 0 ØJ Pi ø J ii < Φ ti 0 0 J tr 3 OJ

CD CD φ et 1 ø Φ ø rt M μ- OJ ø μ- Ω M ϋ ØJ μ- OJ Pi M ^ 0 in

0 μ- 0 0 rt ØJ 0 XJ μ- Hi 1 XI tt 0 CD 1 1 Pi 3 -J 1 Hi 00 ti rt Hi 0 1 1 Φ ø 1 0 1 to 0 0J

1 1 ti J 1 i 0J

et vo ii TJ Ω TI Pi UJ 3 rt vo ra et P. CD ~. J ii Pi et CO TJ rt TJ tr TJ rt rt rt rt UJ ti Ω s: Hi U⁾ ø Hi

0 o φ ti 0 OJ μ- >J 0 μ- o er tr Φ et 0 0 0 Φ μ- 0 0 ti 0 ~< ii ϋ ti μ- 0 cn φ 0 μ- μ- •- ti OJ

. CQ 0 0 tr Hi •—* 0 <i i Φ CD OJ ii CQ M TJ ØJ tr CQ OJ CD μ- OJ OJ 0 • ra 3 rt X! Φ Ω

0 TJ XI CL ii Hi μ- φ CD OJ μ- rt μ- M 0 M CO μ- ø μ- 3 ø <! ø 0 Pi φ TJ tr ø OJ Φ et 0 ti 0 Φ φ OJ rt 0 rt TJ ti Φ tr rt Φ ra M rt t CD rt 0 rt ro ra Φ ϋ 0 ti 0 Ul vo tr Ω 0 ØJ μ- ø ti rt 0 TJ Ω Φ 0 Φ - μ- ϋ μ- ^ 0⁾ μ- Hi μ- Pi μ- M Hi ii TJ 3! <! CO ii ro Pi μ- OJ

Φ O ra 3 tt tr CD ti ti tr μ- α 0 0 rt 0 0 Φ 0 μ- ø ra φ 0 0 0 0 μ- φ CD μ- ø vo ti 0 φ 3 Φ ft μ- 0 to ø TJ 0J 0 u> μ- Pi ft 0 ti 0 Hi XI ti M CD i μ- rt Hi M ra o rt Φ UJ μ- tr tr ø X so vo rt et φ lt> 0 μ- μ- ~< H rt M μ- Φ ti μ- φ rt μ- OJ 00

0 ti et Pi Ω to rt ^ Φ J μ- ra - Φ ti 3 tr • ø Hi ø^j μ- TJ ØJ μ- tr TJ tr Ω Φ rt 0 ti 0 pr CD J 0 0 0 — - 3 0 3 OJ ØJ ^> Hi M ø OJ CD ø ro ti ti 0 ti μ- CD UJ ø Φ Φ ø TJ

Φ M rt 0 Pi CD ø rt μ- ØJ μ- Hi J ft ø ti Φ M ft J 0 0 ØJ 0 TJ o ø Pi tr i i et 0 rt 0 Hi 0 μ- Φ rt • Φ μ- ø tr >-3 0 ϋ ^ et tr μ- < Ω ø rt ω 0 Φ OJ Ω ro ti CD μ-

OJ 3 Φ ti :> ti tr TJ 3 rt Φ OJ i 0 ØJ Φ - M Φ tr • rt 0 μ- Φ X! μ- >J> Ω et M Φ ra φ rt ø et μ- 3 ii 0 ø 0 CO • TJ tr . TJ OJ ø M 0J Φ M ø i Φ ti ra CQ tr ø ti μ- 0 0 μ- Hi ØJ rt μ- Ω TJ Φ M CD 3 rt Φ rt φ * TJ rt CD rt Φ rt μ- μ- Ω CQ J Ω 0 l-h 0 tt XJ φ ø μ-

0 ii ro X! rt ØJ ti 0 ϋ M ø • — J tr ϋ Hi Ω Ω CD ti 0 • o 0 M μ- Ω XJ 0 ø ii et ø

XI 0 ii 0 0 ii π ø OJ 3 OJ μ- ti ti Φ Φ Hi Hi 0 Φ Φ CD Ω 0 M Ω 0 ØJ Φ μ- X!

TJ so M 0 ro tr rt 0 rt 0 0 rt Ω Φ ft 0 X ØJ UJ ti Φ ø 0 J J μ- ø 0 J Φ OJ OJ OJ TI rt ø ø^j

TJ ti et 0J μ- OJ Φ μ- ø μ- Ω ØJ 0 Ω Ω rt |1 0 ϋ Φ 0 ø rt μ- 3 Φ ti M et μ- ro Ω M J øJ 0 0 rt rt 3 øJ 3 ti TJ 0 0 rt ØJ Φ tr •- 3 φ 0 ti μ- M ^ TJ J i M μ- TJ XI Φ M ti i Ω i Φ rt M 0 Φ 0 μ- μ- ø TJ CO 0J rt ø μ- OJ 0J 0 OJ 00 ^•<! ø ti ø ra ^ 0

OJ Φ Φ Ul 0 Φ ra ra 00 TJ TJ 0 P. ti CQ ø ti ØJ rt et rt M φ et O oo ra tt |J XJ Φ ti μ- ø Ω

3 CD rt o Hi 3 OJ rt oo M 0 o J 0J CD tr M P. μ- Hi oo μ- Φ 1 Φ 3 0 et Φ

Φ ra P. tr TJ 3 0 - Φ 00 Ω <l Φ 0 Φ Hi α ^ ø rt ra < rt Pi Φ μ- 3 tr CD et 0 SO Φ 3 tr Φ o Ω Hi oo 0 0 μ- Φ ii ra ≤ i 0 rt XJ rt tr μ- μ- tr φ CQ UJ M φ ro ra

Φ ti rt OJ ro ii 0 μ- OJ μ- • Hi 0 P. CO Hi Φ ØJ 0 s- tr tr Φ 0 ≤ ø^j Φ T3 ft - ØJ ti . ϋ OJ 0 "< 0J OJ 0 ϋ ft CD ra Ω Φ TJ tf φ M 3 ø rt ti rt Φ rt ø μ- 0 0J ti ØJ ra ra Ul TJ rt rt ft Ω tr ft 0 φ o ii M φ CQ tr 0 tr ^**> rt ØJ Ω CD tr Ω M ØJ o Hi Φ rt ø ra 0 Φ ϋ TJ H tr 3 rt Ω i ti OJ rt ro 0 Φ Ω Φ et tr ø 0 μ- M 0 Ω CD 3 ι-3

0 Φ ti 0J Φ ϋ 3 Φ ϋ 0 Φ μ- tr μ- μ- φ OJ OJ 3 ii X) 0 Φ 0 OJ rt μ- 0 0 φ tr

Hi 3 Φ ØJ pr X Φ . — . ra Ω TJ 0 rt Φ ø^j ra Pi ra XJ θ" Φ rt tr rt OJ 0 OJ OJ et μ- ra P. 3 OJ ro oo

OJ Pi er ro Ω TJ rt 0 ti < rt Ω ø^j M Φ μ- OJ Φ Φ rt ra ø TJ μ- 0 tr 0 TJ ti ØJ

TJ ^•^ tr μ- tr 0 Φ ØJ OJ Φ μ- tr 0 ø Ω M Ω rt Hi φ 3 3 Ω 3 μ- ti 0 TJ ø ø Φ μ- O Φ CO OJ ti 0J 0 rt 0J Hi ti ø rt CD P. ØJ OJ rt 0 "< OJ 0 ti rt ø TJ 0 T3 0 0 tr μ- M XI et ø ra μ- tr Ω 0 tr ø tr Ω μ- φ Φ rt et M OJ M 0 φ rt 0 Φ 0 Φ XI M CD 3 μ- i ro 0 rt CD ø Φ pr Φ J rt OJ Φ ø 0 μ- ~< rt μ- Ω 0 3 3 Hi ti ti M rt TJ Ω Ω 0 TJ U> ø CD tr φ rt 0 Φ tr J CD J rt Φ 0 μ- ø ø ti T3 ft OJ ø øJ Ω Φ ii i OJ 0 M ØJ to rt Φ OJ 3 μ- 0J Hi Hi Hi i Φ ra -« Φ μ- 0 XI ØJ ø M ØJ Φ Φ tr rt μ- rt 0 ti ØJ Φ rt 3 M et CD rt 1^ ø i ϋ 0 Ω P. ø Pi XI rt 0J Hi 0 ti M ro ø er ø 3 ra rt ra 0 TJ φ tr Ω . M

XI P. 0 - i H Ω rt ft 0 - Ω Pi tr rt ii ^ 0⁾ TJ OJ ti ϋ J φ ra ii 0 ti ØJ μ- μ- ^ μ- 3 Φ 3 o 0 Φ tr 3 tr φ 0 Φ Ω Φ Φ 0 rt Φ rt Φ UJ Φ 0 UJ μ- m Hi ti ø M

TJ rt OJ • OJ ø μ- TJ ~ Hi OJ 3 CO 0 Pi 3 M 0 ti to CD *> IX) 0 ti μ- UJ i ti > M 0 ti μ- rt rt 0 ft ra ra 0 HI TJ μ- 3 Ω 0 ii OJ Φ 0 0 μ- vo ø 0 et |J 0 μ- CD rt 0 ti

Φ 0 Φ Hi μ- CO OJ Φ ft 0 ii TJ 0J tr et Ω Φ et X Hi ØJ Hi rt ØJ . M μ- 3 Φ tr CO

CO 0 3 ro ø 0 ø μ- ø Ω Φ CQ Φ 0 CO ^ tr OJ ø o M μ- ø ti M 0 0 CO Pi Φ ft ØJ ra OJ J X OJ X! Hi μ- rt rt 3 μ- Pi CD φ φ M 0 ti tr ft 0 et 0 P. o ro ø Hi Ω ro ii J

M Φ Ω TJ μ- 0J μ- TJ et μ- Ω Hi Φ 0J tr 0 tr ø en M ϋ 0 tt m rt OJ TJ

U> M ti tr 3 Ω 0 ϋ <! Φ μ- < et 0 0 Ω ft CD ø φ XI Φ 00 ø M μ- TJ 0 tr Ω ^*ξ rt OJ cn ^ OJ OJ μ- 0 Φ ft ø ti Φ ti 0 μ- μ- Hi 0 0 Φ Ω X! μ- OΛ tr Φ oo ra ti et φ i 0 Φ ti

- It ø Ω 3 J φ 0 0J 0 ar 0 rt ØJ 3 0 OJ φ Ω rt Ω ra CO ii > μ- øJ μ- ØJ ti ø XI ti TJ ti 3 £ 0 et Ω 0 CQ ii et J OJ 0 ti 0 tr 0 Pi rt • et ø μ- Ω σ Pi tt n

Hi φ ti ro 0 0 Φ TJ OJ ti ø et 0 ft 0 μ- Φ rt Pi ØJ Φ 0J Ω 0 ϋ oo ti rt ø 0 Φ ti μ- 0 H

0 ra Φ ti J ra Φ Φ 0 vo ii 0 ra ≤ Φ M ø ii μ- |J ft et 0 ϋ OJ OΛ OJ μ- φ OJ P. OJ ø CD i TJ ti μ- m ti Pi to 0 Φ μ- μ- 0J J ØJ ø CO o μ- Ω μ- ø μ- tt α ø ø ti rt ^■ξ

0 CO |⁾ 0 rt OJ TJ CQ et et P. 0 rt XI 0 ø 0 ø rt ø Φ tt Φ ra XI μ- 0J μ- TI 0

Φ ø Φ o Ω μ- rt ϋ Φ CQ ø ~< tr ^~ 0 Ω ø tr μ- J ØJ XJ ti J 0 TJ Hi 0 0 tr ø μ- Hi

Hi δ

X CQ ø Φ 0 ø 0 ti φ tr μ- 0 ii ra CD et 0 t 0 φ TJ ti X! 0 XI X!

OJ μ- ra μ- CQ ø ti M 0 0J 0 1 ØJ ØJ tt 3 Φ et Ω μ- Ω M rt vo ra ϋ ti < ø TI m

3 0 ø CQ Φ M i 1 ra et 0 0 0 M tr μ- ti Φ Φ ti μ- 00

1 φ ti 0 μ- Φ 0 Ul 0 ø 3 XI 3 Φ Φ 1 φ CO Φ XI

ti ø ti ϋ o Hi 1 1 1 Pi m 1

P- ^•≤ Φ Ω O M CO 0 μ- tt 3 μ- 0 tr CD Ω et tr Φ TJ 3 tt Hi 3 rt ti μ- ØJ CD σ ØJ et O £ t t-3 TJ φ μ- X 0 Hi 0J 0 ii ø tr Φ ø Hi φ (t 0 0 φ X φ 0 tr 0 Φ μ- 0 o ø ø Φ Φ tr tr Hi μ- 0 tr M

TJ M Ω 3 ^ tr Φ øJ Ω ØJ Φ 3 OJ Ω ϋ 0 ro ϋ OJ 0 M t XI L 0 ra μ- rt μ- Φ

0 M tr TJ Ω Φ ra 3 Hi CD ϋ rt rt 0J TJ Ω rt tr μ- μ- 0 0 M CD J 0 Ω CD tr Ω ra - ra OJ 0 0 ii rt OJ M Ω 0 Φ tr Φ P. 0 tr μ- ØJ 0 rt Hi φ CD φ tr Hi O ti ti pr 0 0 VO ø ϋ VO μ- ØJ CD 0 ^•<; 0 0 ϋ 0J Φ ^ ra OJ ø ø Pi 0 M X μ- ti 0 i O ti O tr ø σ Ω 0 ii rt π HI XI μ- £ μ- OJ ti μ- ØJ OJ φ CQ μ- ø XI XI ti 0 øJ 0 CO M O J <! OJ Φ CD 0 tt ØJ tr O μ- Φ tt ra ra rt ø rt Pi Φ Ω tr CQ et J Φ Ω CD 3 Hi UJ Pi 3 rt vo μ- ø CQ rt ø ii rt Φ vo

0 Φ ti μ- φ Φ 0 ϋ μ- 0 -< ft μ- φ Ω ii OJ μ- cn ©

Pi

~ tt rt o TJ rt ll> CO > Ω ra ii rt 0 ro 00 ø Ω 0 OJ ø O μ- OJ OJ 0 CO 0 M ti ft M 0J ϋ OJ O Φ CQ Φ 0J Φ M ti rt ø 0 to et J ti ø rt Φ rt 0 μ- M tr OJ tr Φ ØJ tr φ 0 Pi P. 0 rt 3 μ- ØJ ϋ o ØJ vo tr Φ μ- X Φ μ- M o ~< - tt Φ TJ ø •^ X Ω OJ μ- Hi Ω Hi Φ TJ 0 ra rt

0 rt rt tr Φ Ω Ω rt 0 Ω μ- ø Φ ti 0 ra Ω OJ M ra S 0 tr O 0 ro

M tr 0 ti M OJ rt 0 0 0 tr J tr T-J ø . Ω ØJ μ- 3 TJ OJ φ tt M TJ μ- ti 0J m t ti μ- 3

M Φ ti OJ OJ <! tr 0J Hi 3 ø φ ØJ i rt to Hi OJ 0 Hi ø TJ 0 ra Ω • ; 0 rt et ti 0 vo øJ rt O 0 φ < ti Φ ii Ω TJ et Ω ø μ- Ω tr 0 M CD Hi φ i s- ra tr CQ tr tr ØJ tr . 0 ø Hi ti rt μ- Φ XI 0 Ω tt 0 ti Hi 0 XI ø 0 φ 0 ti Ω ro φ rt μ> tt μ- Φ φ Ω CO Φ O μ-

Φ ø M Φ tt 0 0 tr CD O M 3 ro rt ø ti 0 ø Ω Pi tr o φ TJ Ω rt ØJ Pi ØJ ti tt rt O ii rt 3

UJ 3 μ- tr IX! 3 Φ μ- M 0 TJ ii μ- rt Φ M ra 0

Ω Φ tr TJ rt M σ Φ cn Pi φ O ti i Φ ti O ø O O

Φ> TJ tt ø ^•Ξ 0 ø 0 Φ OJ X 0J 0 OJ OJ ti OJ øJ ra μ- Pi μ- ii ØJ tt ra 3 ti < φ tr J tr 0J Ω μ- Φ CQ Φ> XJ μ- 3 OJ t ϋ rt Ω Ω et tt ~< φ ø μ- M μ- et tr μ- ro Φ ti Φ ØJ CD ø 0 0 0 Pi ti μ- O et J ti 3 Φ μ- pr OJ tr tr μ- ø et M co φ Φ O Ω Pi 3 tt OJ rt ø OJ μ- μ- ØJ ø ØJ rt _^ TJ Φ 0 TJ ø ra TJ ti M ø ra Ω μ- 0 et ti ti ii φ tr et ti tr J 3 TJ Φ rt μ- rt μ- i u> i rt M ø O XJ TJ φ 0 0 0J X! O o O O CQ μ- to O tr ø

Φ ø OJ ii φ Φ P. μ- Hi ø Φ 0 OJ 0 to OJ OJ ro TJ oo ϋ 3 0 i to ti ø ø tt Ω vo O i TJ •<^*; rt ϋ ti rt 0 00 ø ti Ω 0 Ω • et et - Pi • Ω 0 0 J XI φ Ω Pi ØJ ti CQ ~ TJ Φ ii

Φ Φ φ 0 μ- et oo tr X! O ti rt M Φ ø μ- OJ 0 <! Hi CD tr O tt vo 0 M OJ . Φ Ø 0 ØJ O tr XI ø tr - ~< 3 Φ tr Hi μ- CQ ti 0 OJ tt 3 μ- μ> 3 O ro μ- rt μ- ti M Ω Hi

0 0 tr μ- Ω OJ ti ti 3 CD J Φ 0 Φ Ω TJ Pi 0J UJ Ω o J rt rt Φ et ØJ 1 ro CO

Hi Hi rt Ω Pi OJ 0 tr CQ 0 0 μ- 0 S Ω 0 0 Φ 00 0 it O Ω Φ Pi CD rt π CD TJ m

0J Ω tr pr Φ ø 3 Φ Φ ø 3 rt ≤ ti OJ M 0 0 CD Pi ø • CD O μ- U) 3 μ- μ- CD ro 0 t

Hi So Hi 0 Φ ø J J OJ XI Φ tr 0 ti Ω rt μ- o OJ Pi μ- OJ co to J μ- rt ø 3 0 ro tr vo

Hi J M 0 Φ φ μ- 0 et μ- tr ti P. φ μ- CD i 0 ϋ et rt 0 0 0 rt rt TJ Φ ø tr 10 Φ ti p. CD

Φ TJ 0 P. et ra 0 ø ra ø Φ ti ø TJ ro 0 0 μ- 0 tr Pi μ- ι-3 μ- μ- O 0 ti Φ rt

Ω M S 0 Φ ra Pi Ω μ- Φ Ω CQ Pi φ ra 0 Φ ø et M 0 M et 0^** O 0 CD T-J OJ TI ti TJ Pi l CQ ii rt μ- μ- 3 μ- i et X rt 0 Φ Φ rt ϋ Φ tt ti ø Ω Φ H μ- ø XI φ CO rt μ- o OJ μ- Ω 0 rt TJ 0 ø φ μ- Ω tr 0 Ω et 3 ØJ OJ o r ii ØJ O 0 0 O μ> ra P. et 0 XJ OJ ϋ ft ø er ø øJ Hi φ ti X! OJ 0 tr Φ Pi < ii tr ø Hi 0 M 0 μ- 0 Pi OΛ o s^> ϋ ϋ ti M ØJ OJ Hi ra Φ

XI et UJ ϋ ra ø ØJ 0 0 Φ Φ Ω M 0 ti μ- ø rt μ- o φ tr Φ μ- Φ Φ 3 O 0

0 ft to ØJ ØJ 0 φ ø tr μ- μ- 0J Φ 0 Hi TJ rt ti 0J 3 X μ- ra ø OJ Ul Ω φ 0 ti ti t rt ti tr et 0 rt J Φ rt ϋ CD Ω 3 <! OJ Ω 0 TJ ØJ tt Ω Ω φ 3 Hi » O tt 0 vo tr ro ø 0 Pi μ- tr Φ OJ φ 0 HI 0 ti Ul 0 M tr ^ 0 φ tr ti OJ Φ 0 φ CD vo

Φ ti T3 ti μ- s ø ti ti tt ω UJ OJ μ- i ØJ M øJ o 0 ti CO <! O Φ Ω Pi ϋ ft 0 - rt

0 Ω CD Φ Hi tr 0 to o μ- et ø OJ 0 rt 3 P. 0 OJ tr ti CD μ- O Ω Hi Pi O 0 m tr TJ ø- ti M 0 et Hi Φ rt 0 > Φ 0 μ- rt OJ Φ μ- ø 0 XI Φ Φ m μ- O tr 0 Ω Φ TJ £ ti

ØJ M OJ ti 0 Φ rt tr J o ø * 0 ø ØJ Φ |1 XI tt ra μ- μ- 3 CD Ω ϋ ø tr 0J tt rt μ- M tr O rt φ tt Φ Hi ii tr φ tr • Φ μ- ϋ rt XJ OΛ Φ Φ t rt tt Φ 0 ϋ Pi Φ Ω ϋ μ- ø ii "< μ- 0

Φ ti μ- OJ Φ Φ ii M tr J 0 - ti TJ TJ tr ti 0J φ ω ø ØJ pr O < Ω 0J μ- Ω J ø 3 et 0 ii Hi Ω cø M OJ Φ Ω Φ Hi Φ CO ti ) Ul ø Φ < ft 3 o μ- rt M μ- M rt ø tr tr

OJ 00 X! tr et φ 0 s ^•<; 0 0 μ- 0 0 to o 3 0 μ- O • rt rt 0 Φ •X! ft Φ» 0 Φ rt Φ 0 ti M tt J Φ ft ø Φ 0 XJ - TJ ra μ- ø <! Φ Hi 0 ^ Pi μ- ø

Ω Hi rt tr Pi Pi ra Φ μ- Φ TJ ii tr ti Hi ϋ 3 0J ti J Φ M X ti 0 Φ 0 rt ra μ-

0⁾ 0 Ω tr Φ 0 μ- 0 ra 3 0 OJ Φ ti J ØJ øJ 0J 3 Pi Ω o Ω O μ- OJ Hi tr TJ n 13 tr ø 3 tr 0 μ- ii μ- ø TJ 0 μ- TJ ra M φ μ- tr 3 CO -< Φ u> Ω OJ o tr 3 tt ø rt 0J Ω μ- P. TJ Φ ØJ Ω Ω OJ rt Ω TJ M et Φ μ- M Ω ra N Φ 3 o O Hi er 0J Pi tr 3 rt 0 oo

Ω 0 OJ et pr 0 et ti M ft Φ ii rt 0 TJ μ- ØJ ro μ- J 3 ti Ω Φ ø ØJ Ul Φ O ø oo VO tr CD tt μ- ø ØJ Φ U) Φ μ- 0 tr TJ VO

Pi ØJ μ- OJ 0 ø et ø O tr X XI o μ- <! 0 ø • μ- ø Φ rt to OJ Φ μ- rt 0 ft ø XI Ω 3 ~ 0 3 rt φ rt CD 0 ro o tr rt XJ ra μ- 0 CD Pi ø ø 0 μ- CQ rt M TJ CD rt Φ ii 3 CD 3 μ- o OJ

Φ μ- CD ø Hi 3 Φ ti ø Φ 0 0 μ- ii ø ØJ Φ t rt (Λ

00

OJ 0 • XJ øJ tt ØJ Φ μ- J Pi 1 OJ . ^ ø Φ

rt 0 - 0 co Φ ^~< 1 o et Pi

3 ii Ω Ω P. Ω ra ro Hi φ rt ro ø XI TJ OJ TJ <i J Ω J 3 μ- OJ 0 P. CO ØJ Ω TJ et 0 et TJ ii φ μ- Φ 0 0 øJ OJ φ X OJ 0 tr X 0 0 0 tr i 0 0 0 M Φ ø ø J Φ φ O 0 Φ ø J Φ ØJ 0 ø

M CD ø OJ et ra ø Ω 0 φ φ Ω μ- OJ CD CD μ- μ- μ- 3 Φ ØJ Ω Pi φ 0 0 ra 00 0 0 ti Φ 3 ϋ M φ

M J rt rt 0J Φ ra tr ϋ ti tr π 0 μ- 0 ø ti ø TJ ra ra M ti 0 ra φ tt CD Φ ii TJ OJ M ti VO

0 ti μ- 0 ØJ i XJ Φ OJ rt et ti et rt 0 ø 0 Ω OJ et 0 i ti 0J - OJ Φ 3 Φ J VO

P. 0 0 ø HI ti ø OΛ μ- 0 ø Ul μ- μ- TJ μ- ω CD CD 0 i P. 0 tt Φ ti μ- £ 0 rt rt i Φ ii -< OJ μ- ra M J i Ω X! N Hi J o Hi 0 ft ø o μ- Hi φ Φ OJ μ- CD Φ tr M μ- s- μ- OJ rt CD VO

Hi Φ 0 0 vo Φ μ- • Φ μ- _^ 0 μ- X! ØJ π 3 rt 0 vo CD μ- 0 μ- ø rt Φ • μ- VoO

Hi 0 rt 3 0 cn ti M ø ti ØJ ØJ > ^• 0 rt M μ- 0 φ <i μ- 0 XI > σ M 0 0 M J 0 ti co 00 φ rt 0 ro rt - X J ø tr Ul 0 TJ 0 0 0 TJ ø OJ ø ø CQ 0 φ 0 M ti CD ii 0 μ- 3 ra ϋ Φ. μ- Ω > M * ti 0 ø φ rt ti J 0 OJ 0 Hi μ- Hi TJ Φ - ι-3 rt rt TJ Φ 0 ra o CD tr 0 o Φ ø φ ø XJ ii μ- Hi 0 0 <! M rt 0 J ØJ 0 ϋ

Hi Ω φ ø M TJ ~ rt Φ 0 rt CO OJ CD μ- ø øJ CD ø^j Hi et CD Φ Ω ØJ ti φ ϋ ra Ω ØJ ti tr Ul i CO ro μ- ØJ rt Hi i < φ 0 ra TJ ft m rt μ- tr Φ TJ μ- Φ ti 0 ti Ul 0 ØJ φ 0 Ω ø

0 o o OJ 0 0 ro rt ø et ti 0 ØJ SO Pi Pi >• tr φ μ- X! M Φ ti Hi P. 0 J o CD φ 3 ø 0 0 ra

3 ø ft ii 0 Pi Φ X) μ- 0 ii ø ti 00 Φ Pi ø ø φ Pi μ- μ- OJ rt φ 3 ii ro CD ft 3 Hi J μ- 0 CD μ- 3 ø M CO μ- tr Hi CO oo XJ 0J CD ø ø^j tr ti μ- ØJ ØJ rt 0 ti J φ

3 Φ ø ti rt CD J 3 XI Ω 3 ØJ ro φ 0 -. TJ μ- M OJ et tr Φ 3 0 Ω ø M M Φ ti 0 Φ ϋ

ØJ CD Φ |J ro Φ OJ TJ 0 μ- tr ti φ tr so ø TJ s; TJ μ- M ϋ Φ M tr M M ti M 0 ti

Ω tr oo Ul ø i Ω Ω OJ 0 et M φ P. CD tt et OJ Ξ tr TJ ø Φ Φ OJ ØJ ϋ *< CD o m Φ tr μ- φ OJ - o CO ØJ tr 0 ϋ et et Φ μ- ft Φ tr ØJ ti tr μ- OJ XI μ- CD Ω ø Φ Ω o 0 OJ P. μ- ø OJ 0 0 et μ- μ- OJ ti Φ CD ø ti ti OJ μ- Ω ti Hi ø 0 tr J ra tr et • 0 rt

0 rt P. vo 3 i ø ø M 3 0 Pi * øJ ØJ TJ 0 TJ 3 Ω tr OJ TJ Φ ti OJ Φ TJ ØJ ØJ μ- μ- Φ tr φ 0 1 o OJ ti φ Φ M Φ et et Φ Hi ti Φ tr rt ti Φ OJ ø CO 0 ø pr ø rt φ

TJ φ <! _^ ^ vo Φ CD .J rt M rt 0 rt Φ Φ ti μ- rt Ω ø Φ Pi rt tr J ø J Φ Ω Ω Hi et rt φ X μ- |1> to Φ μ- 0 Ω tr _^. ØJ ft ø Φ μ- ØJ ra CO tr tr M Φ μ- ra Φ M 0 Ul 0 s^>

0 ϋ Ω CQ vo tr ~ CD 3 ti ø 0 Φ Ω rt tr rt i ra ø • ra 0J Φ Φ CD ø φ ra 3 0 3 o i Φ

0J tr Ω cn Φ Φ OJ 0 ra 10 Hi P. tt tr 0 Φ μ- CD Ω 0 Pi T-J Φ

3 rt OJ 0 OJ 0 ^• ! ti 0 Φ et tr OJ ti ø μ- tr U) pr rt rt μ- 0 rt Ω ti μ- Φ ø Co ø

OJ μ- ø ra So TJ 0 CD μ- 0 0 α Φ Φ ii Φ Ω XJ ØJ ø Φ o cn Φ μ- ø J 0 ØJ Φ ø 0 rt 0

Ω ø J μ- ø ti P. 0 tr tt ø ii Ω ti ØJ CQ 0 ϋ TJ TJ < ti 3 φ ø XJ CD μ- Ω rt UJ tr J Φ rt P. 0 ii Φ tr Ω rt μ- 3 Hi Ω OJ TJ φ 0 CD φ ØJ OJ 3 Φ ii ti Hi et 0J M tr tr o μ- ii ^•^ XI Ω ra Φ M 3 μ- ø M rt 0 et i .. rt Φ ϋ ø ϋ φ 0J Φ tr μ- Ω tt μ- Φ ø TJ vo ii 0 ti 0 0 0 = 0 Φ Hi μ- o ø OJ i μ- = μ- ra rt Φ Φ 3 o μ- N M φ ØJ Ω 0 oo 0J 0 Φ> Φ Ω Pi 0 ra Ω $. ii ø Ω rt rt CD ft 0J 0 ø TJ μ- Pi Φ ØJ 0 φ 0J Ω

- ti 0 Hi 3 tt oo et 0 φ μ- OJ μ- 0 μ- P. J φ φ 0 Φ μ- rt tr TJ rt o ø tr μ- rt 0 CD ii 0

OJ 0 rt 3 i - ti ti Hi M J 0 ti ra μ- m 3 Pi ø tr M φ Φ ø XJ OJ 3 et μ- J OJ

P. 3 rt Ω 0 Φ 0 0 ti rt ^• ; ø et OJ rt Hi Ω ra TJ Ω J ro ro ti ϋ ra Ω TJ tr ø Hi rt Φ rt

Φ Φ ti tr Pi M vo Hi Φ tr μ- 0 OJ ti et μ- Hi 0 Φ 0 0J CD 0J < Φ J pr M ØJ XJ 0 tr μ-

TJ tt 0 OJ M o μ- ø Φ ø 0 M 0 Φ Ω φ 3 ii 0 0 TJ - rt ØJ 0J Φ ø ti Φ Ω 0 φ Φ M ø Φ et 0 - et et XI μ- m M CD ti TJ 3 OJ tt P. OJ Φ Pi μ- M rt ϋ Hi 3 Hi tr XI

0 ti XJ OJ 0 0 et Ω et 0 Φ 0 Φ rt ti ϋ OJ ro ø • 0 OJ ti Φ ra M M Hi 0J

Pi CD TJ Φ ii μ- vo Φ 0 0 et CD XI TJ Hi ra ø CQ ØJ ø 0 φ OJ rt Hi XJ 3 0 ø 3 0 OJ Φ ø Ω μ- . 0J ra ø So et OΛ Pi ti ti tr φ OJ ø rt μ- CQ ti M 0 3 μ- μ- Hi Φ 3 rt 0J S ti Φ J 0

0 ti 0 ti Φ CD ø ti rt Ω rt 0 Φ Ω Φ 0 ø TJ Φ rt Φ M XJ P. Φ

Φ et 3 J 0J øJ Ul 0J $. <i Φ 0 Φ OJ tr tr Ω μ- ti ra 0 0 rt XJ μ- øJ Φ Φ ra Pi M ti Φ tr CD TJ

H 3 Hi tr M o 0 μ- 0 0 0 Ω ii 3 Φ 0 0 Φ 0 i Φ ø ϋ Pi ϋ φ ØJ OJ 0 tr Φ Hi Φ ^ • et M rt J tr OJ Φ ØJ 3 0 P. 0 μ- ro ti , — . J øJ tr CD ø μ- Ω rt Ω Ω μ- CD

Hi Φ tt φ N tr rt φ et rt Ω ra TJ Hi et P. CD 0 3 0J ra 3 tr Φ tr pr ø μ-

0 ra Φ Ω φ Φ vo OJ 0 ii ØJ Φ Φ 0 0 Hi øJ ti rt Φ Ω 3, 0 3 ØJ 0J rt ti Φ ti tt Hi H oo tr XI ϋ øJ CD Pi ii øJ et 0 ϋ et et Ul μ- J tr rt pr μ- ti φ ø OJ ø Hi 0 μ-

CO 0 Hi tt 0 Φ Φ et ra ft tr Φ 0 tr o ø Φ Ω Φ Φ M CO P. XJ ø J ti Ό 0 n μ- Φ ØJ Φ Φ 0J < μ- tr tr = μ- μ- 0 3 Pi Φ • 0 0 i Hi M μ- Φ Φ 0 φ ø

0 Hi μ- et Ω 3 rt Hi et 0 0 0 Φ ^*-=; ø Ω rt μ- ØJ Φ 0 3 CD i vo 0J ra CD 3 ti

CQ Hi ø Φ rt J tr M TJ M 0 ØJ i XI pr CO ti Hi Ω ti M 0 = 0 ti cn rt • rt ØJ OJ </3 r t et vo ft Φ a Φ OJ 0 Φ r Ω Φ ø Φ Hi 0 td OJ μ- Pi 3 Φ Φ Φ μ- rt 0 vo

OJ Ω ti rt ^•s- ti OJ 0 ø Ω Φ 0 ra φ ØJ X M ø φ XI ØJ M 3 ø μ- Pi o

0 tt tr 0 ØJ OJ CO 0 0 0 CO Hi Φ ti rt OJ M X! ø ø ^~ Ω TJ ø

Ω ra < 0 et ti t Φ ft rt 3 CO ti φ μ- 3 ~< — * OJ

0 μ- Pi 0 Φ J ft m

Φ ø øJ μ- ti Φ 1 OJ 1 ø 0 1 Hi ti tr 3 ϋ tr 00 ii ft ø 0 CD et XI ro 1 0J Φ

Φ φ XJ M 1

31

on the sizes and compositions of rollers 84 and 34, the length, size and material of conduit 32, etc. Control unit 50 may be programmed with a basic table or algorithm for selecting changes in control parameters in response to changes in operating parameters, with the table or algorithm being incrementally modified by control unit 50 to calibrate the automatic temperature and viscosity control for the particular circumstances of the retrofitted machine.

The apparatus of Figures 3-5 can be used with all coatings, including aqueous coatings, coatings with nonaqueous solvents and UV coatings, and on a range of substrates 29 including paper, cardboard and plastic. There is no need to heat or cool rollers 34, 84 and 86 or even to maintain the surrounding space at any particular temperature. Instead, the viscosity of the coating composition is controlled by controlling the temperature of the coating composition in conduit 32. That temperature is controlled to compensate for any viscosity/temperature change arising from a difference between the temperature of the coating composition in conduit 32 and the temperatures of rollers 34 and 84.

The following examples are provided to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed to limit the scope of the invention of the present application in any way.

Example 1

Experiment to determine the effect temperature has on the viscosity of an aqueous coating composition and thus the feasability of using that composition in a a number of applications, an aqueous coating composition according to the present invention was formulated from a (meth) acrylic/styrene copolymer. This composition was thereafter exposed to varying temperatures to establish a correlation between viscosity and temperature .

(1) Preparation of the Aqueous Coating Compostion

An aqueous coating composition according to the present invention was prepared for use in three known printing processes. It contained the following components in the indicated formula . 32

Water 81 grams

Wetting Agent (Aerosol 0T 75 by 9 grams

American Cyanamid)

High Molecular Weight Polymer 105 grams*

(Styrenated Acrylic Polymer Emulsion- 48% solid Joncryl 89 from Johnson Wax)

Low Molecular Weight Polymer Emulsion 105 grams*

(Solid Acrylic Resin 98% non-volatile- 60% solid Joncryl 682 from Johnson Wax)

*- Note that the high molecular weight polymer emulsion contains 50 grams of solid and the low molecular weight polymer emulsion contains 63 grams of solid, the remainder being aqueous solvent .

The above coating composition was prepared by agitating a mixture of the above components in an electronic blender and agitating until thoroughly mixed.

This composition was sufficiently dispersed by homogenizing in a homogenizing mixture for 5 minutes at which time the temperature of the composition was taken using a TEL TRU thermometer. The temperature was 82 °F. The viscosity of the composition was measured by use of a #3 and a #2 Zahn drip cup and an Aristo Apollo stopwatch. The viscosity of the composition at 82 °F was 17 seconds with a #3 cup and 43 seconds with a #2 cup.

(2) Viscosity Relationship

To determine the relationship between viscosity and temperature for the above-described composition, the temperature of the composition was varied and the viscosity of the composition measured at each temperature interval . The results of this experiment appear in Table 1, below. Temperature (°F) Viscosity (#3 Cup) Viscosity (#2 Cup)

117° 11 Sec. 26 Sec.

110° 11.5 Sec. 27 Sec.

104° 12 Sec. 29 Sec.

72° 20 Sec. 53 Sec.

70° 21 Sec. 59 Sec.

64° 26 Sec. 71 Sec.

58° 31 Sec. 82 Sec.

50° 38 Sec. 101 Sec.

42° 47 Sec. 123 Sec.

This experiment evidences that the increase or decrease of temperature dramatically affects the viscosity of Ω Ω td Ω OJ Ω rt ti μ- ft ra rt tr et ti tr _^^ Hi tt Ω ^*> Pi ≤ tr 3 2 TJ rt H ø ti rt rt

0 OJ 0 OJ tr 0 Φ 0 ra tr M Φ Φ Φ Φ -< φ. Φ tr 0 ro Φ ØJ Φ μ- OJ Φ ØJ tr UJ CO Φ tr tr ra ft M rt μ- 3 i et 0 0 3 μ- 3 CD -' ϋ μ- 3 μ- rt CD μ- M M ø 3 Φ *— -J ro OJ Φ Φ ra ro 0J μ- M TJ M OJ tr ra ^**> J ø TJ ø rt Φ CD TJ J Φ ø M M ra ØJ M VO

Pi 0 0 μ- 0 rt Φ Φ Φ J Φ M tr 0 0 tr i 0 J μ- μ- ti Ω TI 0 μ- ti OJ VO a P. ø rt 0 ^ μ- ØJ μ- ti ti ft ro Ω ft Ω CO ra 3 tr <i ø rt Ω 0 Ω ^^ Hi N OJ X! OJ

0 et ^ φ 0 et ø ØJ M ØJ Φ 0 0 μ- μ- rt Ω ØJ Ω ^> 0 OJ M φ ø ø vo rt 0 td μ- 0 rt ø Φ Ω 0J rt μ- rt Ω 0 et 3 rt et ø ø^j 0 ti pr ft 0 0 ft v

Pi XJ Φ oo

0 ^•≤ Φ ø 0 H rt ø-^* P. ti 0 ø 3 ø tr H Ω J μ- tr Φ μ- ØJ en H μ- H CD ti 00 o pr Ω Hi tr CD μ- ti Φ Pi i μ- i μ- 0J tr M τ ^• ; 0 tr Φ 0 r 0 0 Φ Pi ø rt Pi ω 0 ø ø CO μ- ø ø J ϋ 0 M φ CO ro ØJ ^^ Φ et Φ ø ø Φ 0 Φ CD ø φ Φ Pi (t en Ω J Hi ra CD 0 CD ii i 0 ft 0 ra rt ra 0 CD Φ J CO ra μ- CO ≤ Φ • 0 td M μ- Hi

ØJ Ω Pi P. tr ti 0 rt ø tr μ- ti Pi i tr ro <! μ- et , 0 μ- • • TJ cn Ω ti φ Φ Ω ø Ω s 0 μ- Φ Φ Φ 0 M φ ø φ μ- μ- 0 0 μ- OJ M rt φ o μ- tr 0 & Hi X 0 J *> 0

0J 3 ø ra ii et XJ Hi ft tr CD J μ- CD ø Hi 0 ra μ- tr 0 rt so 3 Φ M 0 3 to OJ ii et ø J J ø OJ 0 μ- J i tr ~< ø tr ø Ω ø Pi H Pi TJ tr ti J ti Φ J TJ rt rt ro Φ M ii M P- CD ø 0 rt 0 Φ M Φ 0 TJ .> CO 0 tr μ- 0 P. 0 Ω ti 0 tr μ- . ^ tt 0 Φ rt Pi XJ M tr N ^**> rt ii rt ra ti μ- o CD Φ 0^** ø Ω μ> ra rt ft OJ CO φ ØJ 0 μ- Hi ra ra CO 0 *"*^**! Φ φ CD ØJ Φ ro μ- μ- CD OJ Φ μ- XI pr oo TJ μ- 0 μ- TJ μ- 0 J

3 ~ Ω Hi Φ 0 μ- 3 0 φ ^ P. < 3 α ø 1+ Hi J XI Φ ti rt 0 tr rt μ- Pi ø 0 ra ø 0 et rt ø Φ < J μ- TJ ^ et Ω to rt 0 Φ tr 0 rt TJ 0 μ- 0 -< μ- ø Ω

M J M φ rt Hi O ϋ μ- 3 0 μ- ra Φ μ- o o\° Φ Hi ti 0 O o 0 Φ 0 ra M 0 rt ti 0 rt tt Pi ra Pi φ Hi ø Ω ti o ø 3 ti Ω ii J μ- Hi ø rt < _^. 0 rt M 3 μ- OJ ϋ 3 ft et 0 CD Ω Ω Φ 0 0 ØJ Hi XJ 3 ra OJ Φ φ ft M ø φ Φ OJ ØJ I TJ t TJ φ tr tr Ω tr o TJ et rt M CD rt Φ 0 i 0 0J tr o tt ϋ OJ i M o μ- ø o 0 ø ^*u ii rt μ- Φ tr ϋ 0J ra φ OJ tr 0 μ- ø ft J ϋ M i o ft Pi Φ ra 3 0 ø rt TJ ra

0 ti ti μ- tr ra ro ro μ- μ- 0 M Φ £. rt ti tr i Ω μ- ~ tr 0J μ- ra Ω ≤ 0 μ- Φ TJ μ- μ- φ Φ ø 0 Ω ØJ ø tt Pi 0 Φ ^~ Φ Φ 0 μ- i μ- øJ J ø ØJ 0J ØJ 0 ø 0 Ω ft rt rt CD rt φ 0 tt CD ~< μ- 3 ti ti • Ω 0J ø 0 Φ X! tr ti M ra μ- φ H Hi 0 tr μ-

_^-_^ ra μ- X OJ ti or 0 • ø 0 M Ω Φ M

^ X) CD CD Φ μ- Hi Ω μ> Hi 3 Φ 0

TJ ø ø μ- TJ et ø ø J et < Φ 0 CD M 0 0 0 ØJ tr TJ 0 rt M -0 CO TJ ø ω ii CD X) ø φ μ- CD μ- μ- < > OJ CD ^ ι-3 0 3 Hi Hi ti Pi ϋ ø ii tr 0 o Φ 0 <! UJ μ- μ- μ- ϋ ø <i Φ Ω 0 0 μ- CQ Φ rt Φ tr ø 0 TJ Φ ØJ rt 3 Φ CO TJ (t CD μ- 0 ø ø rt <! μ- 10 ti μ- ti 0 ø 0 et Ω M Pi μ- CD <! Φ rt μ- CO ft ϋ rt CD — μ- ra rt tt J tr 0 μ- 3 ro ra XJ 0 0 CO Φ ø • μ- co 0 M μ- • μ- 0 Ω J rt Ω μ- μ- ra ti Φ Ω XJ Ω 0 <! tt μ- μ- ra Ω XJ OJ J rt rt M • 0 0 0 0 M J cn μ- 0 M ø Hi OJ μ- rr ø 0 0J 0 Φ Φ ø-^* ø CD μ- 0J ϋ tr M tr 0 μ- ω 0 0_^ OJ 0 OJ ti 0 CD μ- J 0 ø ø tt 3 ti ra CO i Φ rt 0 Φ Ω M 0 Φ ti Pi i-3 OJ (t CD M μ- o ø μ- N ti rt XJ OJ TJ P. μ- CQ rt tr •^ Pi ø⁾ 0 φ CD Φ ra XI ti tr μ- CD 0 ø TI rt φ

TJ ≤ M Φ 0 M et 0J Φ rt tr Φ CO 3 CD M M ØJ Φ OJ ra ø Φ rt ØJ * i ti Φ 0 Hi M <! CO ro ~< ø M Φ Φ M M OJ ro J Hi μ- tr μ- 0 rt 0 ø J ti — - μ- l ti ro X 0 ^ μ- μ- m 3 μ- Φ 0 0 0 ϋ J OJ ø CD φ XJ Pi tr φ i ti P. et ra Φ ^ 0 to φ <

CD OJ t J TJ φ <! μ- CD ti Φ ø M CD M ra £ Hi 9r> XJ ØJ

CD 3 0 0J Φ μ- 0 Φ 0 <! Φ μ- ø μ- Hi μ- OJ rt 0 0 3 rt Φ M n TJ 3 Ω M Si

TJ M Φ 0 ø 0 0 IO Φ ϋ M φ M 0 rt ØJ M Pi ø tr ii Hi ra Φ ϋ μ- Φ c 0 0 φ s- M M X ^ Ω ø Hi ø ϋ tr øJ ^ P. CO Ω rt μ- M Φ CD Ω Φ Φ ra 0J OJ 10 Ω 0 ti _^ ø φ μ- Φ OJ Φ μ- XI Φ rt 3 • ti tr 0 M Ω . Φ Hi rt ra rt tr π M 0 CO co 0 et μ- 3 TJ ft et μ- ø ø Φ rt Φ ro 0 (t Ω M tr <! ø Φ rt μ- μ- Ω J μ- 0 tr ø TJ ii rt tr Φ N ti ϋ tr OJ 0 μ- ra 0 Φ Φ So ti 0 Φ ti ra z ft

OJ M μ- tr ro μ- rt Φ 0J Si CD rt Hi 0 ι-3 Ω 3 Ω M Φ ,—. 0 ø CD OJ rt tr φ ro M Φ ø Φ ø ø tr Ω rt tr φ Φ ØJ 0 tr ØJ TJ ft CD 0 & s; CD Ω CO <l φ μ- ^•-d ø tr μ- rt OJ ø J Φ Φ tr μ- 3 CO tt μ- M 0 μ- 0 φ φ μ- < 0 Φ 0 ø Ω (t O J μ- ø μ- 0J P. Φ 3 so ØJ M μ- TJ tr < ra φ CD 0 ti s- ra ø ØJ 3 CD ϋ rt tr tr H ii J Φ OJ ø Pi X CO J J μ- et φ ø φ OJ Φ OJ μ- 0 Hi 0 μ- rt J M TJ . Φ o

ØJ tr XJ M M Ω $. rt 0J tr rt < 0 0 rt t/3

ØJ μ- J Φ 0 M ø ti -_^ VO

< P. 31 J et Φ J M 0 M ø tt ØJ tt Pi 0 0 tr μ- <i Ω rt tr OJ OJ Φ CD _^ μ- φ VO ro CD Φ øJ OJ t μ- Ω 3 1 μ- 0 0 tr rt Φ μ- Φ ØJ μ- 0 ØJ Φ 0J Ω μ- rt i J δ

P. 0 TJ 0 Φ φ ra $, rt Φ ø ti Hi et Ω ø M μ- OJ 0 0 tt μ> tr Φ μ- tv) J

Φ μ- 0 TJ 0 ø φ P. ii φ Hi μ- tr 0 ø Hi μ- o tt m

Φ M ØJ rt ti — Φ Pi 0 ø s- Φ φ M 0 o rt tr 00

Pi μ- M OJ ii X! OJ 0 0 TJ tr μ-

M ra ^•> Φ ø

34

gravure cylinder) , and flexography (using for example, a Man- hasset flexography printing press with a flexographic 2 -roll transfer system) -even though each process has significantly different viscosity requirements and the present art cannot accommodate the same formulation as easily and efficiently as the present invention. Inasmuch as the useful offset range is 15 to 30 seconds with a #3 cup; the useful gravure range is 15 to 60 seconds with a #2 cup, and the useful flexography range is 20 to 60 seconds with a #2 cup, the present method can accommodate each of these printing processes to produce commercially viable results. We note that the viscosity of the composition at the starting temperature was outside of the useful range for gravure until it was sufficiently heated to bring it within the gravure range. Higher temperatures would be needed to lower the viscosity of the composition even further.

Example 2

In order to determine the effect temperature variations have on added solids (resins & emulsions) , through the use of this invention, on the viscosity level of an aqueous coating and thus, the feasibility of using that coating in any printing application, a specific resinous composition comprising an acrylic methacrylic styrene copolymer was used. This composition was altered by the addition of solids and these newly formed compositions were exposed to varying temperatures .

(1) Preparation of the Aqueous Coating Composition with Additional Solids

Coating compositions having the following recipes were prepared as a coating liquid for application in all the printing processes.

(A) Water 81 grams

Wetting Agent (same as Example 1) 9 grams

High Molecular Weight Polymer Emulsion 105 grams

Same as Example 1

Low Molecular Weight Polymer Solution 135 grams

Same as Example 1 35

(B) Water 81 grams Wetting Agent (same as Example 1) 9 grams

High Molecular Weight Polymer Emulsion 174 grams

Same as Example 1

Low Molecular Weight Polymer Solution 135 grams

Same as Example 1

(C) Water 81 grams Wetting Agent (same as Example 1) 9 grams

High Molecular Weight Polymer Emulsion 105 grams

Same as Example 1

Low Molecular Weight Polymer Solution 165 grams

Same as Example 1

(D) Water 81 grams Wetting Agent (same as Example 1) 9 grams

High Molecular Weight Polymer Emulsion 150 grams

Same as Example 1

Low Molecular Weight Polymer Solution 165 grams

Same as Example 1

The above coating compositions were prepared by agitating the mixtures of the above components in an elec^¬ tronic blender and agitating until thoroughly mixed.

(2) Temperature Variations & Viscosity Relationship

The various coating compositions were cooled and heated to determine the relationship between temperature, viscosity, and increased solids. Composition Temp. (°F) Vise. (#3 Cup) Vise. (#2 Cup)

A 1 13322°° 13 Sec. 28 Sec.

83° 25 Sec. 67 Sec.

67° 38 Sec. 99 Sec.

B 1 16666'° 10 Sec 22 Sec.

160° 23 Sec,

140° 27 Sec,

120° 15 Sec. 38 Sec,

119° 15 Sec.

118° 38 Sec,

110° 15 Sec,

80° 35 Sec, 87 Sec,

148° 24 Sec,

138° 14 Sec

136° 24 Sec,

128° 15 Sec.

100° 23 Sec. 63 Sec,

82° 38 Sec. 100 Sec,

70° 50 Sec. 137 Sec

60° 66 Sec. 176 Sec 36

50° 99 Sec 243 Sec ,

D 1 15555°' 26 Sec ,

140° 42 Sec ,

111° 26 Sec 69 Sec .

70° 90 Sec

(3) Gloss Reflection Value & Solid Composition

Using the name techniques (tests) as above, the following gloss reflection values & solid compositions were obtained without affecting the mechanical transfer and the film formation properties and characteristics of the coatings.

(A) Gloss 82.3 High Solids 43% + 2%

(B) Gloss 86.1 High Solids 47% + 2%

(C) Gloss 88.5 High Solids 45% + 2%

(D) Gloss 90.5 High Solids 50% + 2%

(4) Conclusion

One may increase solids (both high and low molecular weight resins and/or emulsions) , yet produce formulations which are in keeping with the present invention, in particular, the ability to provide workable viscosities having acceptable mechanical transfer for use in printing processes according to the present invention. It is noted that the use^¬ ful offset range is 15 to 30 seconds with a #3 cup; the useful gravure range is 15 to 60 seconds with a #2 cup, and the useful flexography range is 20 to 60 seconds with a #2 cup evidencing that the present invention may be used in numerous printing processes to produce commercially viable results.

One may also increase gloss reflection value. Workable viscosity for use in printing processes may be managed through temperature control despite increased solids which would otherwise negatively impact mechanical transfer and take the composition out of workable mechanical application ranges desirable for use in the printing processes.

Example 3

Experiment to determine the effect of maintaining the same temperature over a period of time on viscosity of aqueous 37

coating compositions according to the present invention. Test compositions were those from Example 2, above. For each composition, the temperature was maintained for a period of time to determine whether or not it was possible to maintain the viscosity of a composition by maintaining the temperature.

(1) Aqueous Coating Compositions Used- Four Formulations as follows:

(A) Water 81 grams Wetting Agent (same as Example 1) 9 grams High Molecular Weight Polymer Emulsion 105 grams

Same as Example 1 Low Molecular Weight Polymer Solution 135 grams Same as Example 1

(B) Water 81 grams Wetting Agent (same as Example 1) 9 grams

High Molecular Weight Polymer Emulsion 174 grams

Same as Example 1 Low Molecular Weight Polymer Solution 135 grams

Same as Example 1

(C) Water 81 grams Wetting Agent (same as Example 1) 9 grams

High Molecular Weight Polymer Emulsion 105 grams

Same as Example 1 Low Molecular Weight Polymer Solution 165 grams

Same as Example 1

(D) Water 81 grams Wetting Agent (same as Example 1) 9 grams

High Molecular Weight Polymer Emulsion 150 grams

Same as Example 1 Low Molecular Weight Polymer Solution 165 grams

Same as Example 1

The above coating compositions were prepared by agitating the mixtures of the above components in an electronic blender and agitating until thoroughly mixed.

(2) Temperature Maintenance & Viscosity Relationship

The various coating compositions were maintained at a constant temperature for 120 hours and the viscosity was checked every 6 hours in order to determine the relationship between temperature, viscosity and time. 38

Composition # Measurements Temp. Vise. (#3 or #2 Cup)

A 20 83° 25 Sec. (#3)

20 132° 28 Sec. (#2)

B 20 120° 15 Sec. (#3) 20 160° 23 Sec . (#2)

20 100° 23 Sec. (#3) 20 136° 24 Sec. (#2)

D 20 111° 26 Sec. (#3) 20

155° 26 Sec. (#2)

(3) Gloss & Solids

Same test as Example 2 gave same results a set forth in Example 2, as previously described.

Does not affect mechanical transfer or film formation characteristics of coatings.

(4) Conclusion

Maintaining the temperature of aqueous coatings according to the method of the present invention resulted in constant viscosity, even at high solid content. The result was mechanically workable solutions.

The present invention ameliorates concerns regarding changes in viscosity which often occur within 48 hours after the formulation is made and before the composition reaches an equilibrium (molecular structure of particles still in excitable state and not at equilibrium) .

Although the invention has been described in terms of particular embodiments and applications, one of ordinary skill in the art, in light of this teaching, can generate additional embodiments and modifications without departing from the spirit of or exceeding the scope of the claimed invention. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the drawings and descriptions herein are proferred by way of example to facilitate comprehension of the invention and should not be construed to limit the scope thereof.

Claims

3 9WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. An assembly for depositing a coating composition on an inked layer or an uninked surface in a printing process, comprising : a container for a coating composition; a printing press including a coating deposition roller; transfer means extending from said container to said deposition roller for transferring said coating composition along a predetermined path from said container to said deposition roller for deposition on a substrate by said deposition roller, said transfer means including a conduit extending from said container to said printing press; a heat exchanger disposed along said conduit for changing the temperature of the coating composition, during transfer of said coating composition through said conduit, to a predetermined temperature substantially different from ambient temperatures and different from any temperature of said coating deposition roller; and control means operatively connected to said heat exchanger for regulating the operation of said heat exchanger so that the coating composition transferred to said substrate from said deposition roller attains a predetermined viscosity.

2. The assembly defined in claim 1 wherein said control means includes a temperature sensor.

3. The assembly defined in claim 2 wherein said temperature sensor is positioned proximately to a nip between said deposition roller and said substrate.

4. The assembly defined in claim 3 wherein said control means includes a microprocessor programmed to regulate the operation of said heat exchanger in response to temperature data feedback from said temperature sensor and in accordance with other operating parameters of said printing press, including rate of movement of said substate through said nip .

5. The assembly defined in claim 2 wherein said temperature sensor is a thermocouple. 40

6. The assembly defined in claim 1 wherein said heat exchanger includes means for changing the temperature of the coating composition to a predetermined temperature solely through a transfer of heat energy, thereby maintaining said coating composition essentially constant in composition.

7. An assembly for depositing a coating composition on an inked layer or an uninked surface in a printing process, comprising: a container for a coating composition; a printing press including a coating deposition roller; a conduit extending from said container to said deposition roller for transferring said coating composition along a predetermined path from said container to said deposition roller for deposition on a substrate by said deposition roller; a heat exchanger disposed next to said conduit for changing the temperature of the coating composition, prior to transfer of said coating composition to said deposition roller, to one temperature substantially different from any temperature of said coating deposition roller; and control means operatively connected to said heat exchanger for regulating the operation of said heat exchanger so that the coating composition in said conduit attains said one temperature .

8. The assembly defined in claim 7 wherein said control means includes a temperature sensor.

9. The assembly defined in claim 8 wherein said temperature sensor is positioned proximately to a nip between said deposition roller and said substrate.

10. The assembly defined in claim 9 wherein said control means includes a microprocessor programmed to regulate the operation of said heat exchanger in response to temperature data feedback from said temperature sensor and in accordance with other operating parameters of said printing press, 41

including rate of movement of said substate through said nip.

11. The assembly defined in claim 8 wherein said temperature sensor is a thermocouple.

12. The assembly defined in claim 7 wherein said heat exchanger includes means for changing the temperature of the coating composition to a predetermined temperature solely through a transfer of heat energy, thereby maintaining said coating composition essentially constant in composition.

13. A method for depositing a coating composition on an inked layer or an uninked surface in a printing process, comprising : holding a coating composition in a container; delivering said coating composition along a predetermined path from said container to a coating deposition roller of a printing press; prior to delivery of said coating composition to said deposition roller, transferring heat energy between said coating composition and a heat exchanger disposed in juxtaposition to said path; by virtue of the heat energy transfer, changing the temperature of the coating composition to a predetermined temperature different from any temperature of said deposition roller; and regulating the operation of said heat exchanger so that the coating composition delivered to said deposition roller attains a predetermined viscosity.

14. The method defined in claim 13 wherein regulating the operation of said heat exchanger includes deriving temperature feedback from a measurement point downstream of said path.

15. The assembly defined in claim 14 wherein the deriving of temperature feedback includes operating a temperature sensor positioned proximately to a nip between said deposition roller and a print substrate.