WO1999031532B1 - Integrated bi-directional axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer - Google Patents

Integrated bi-directional axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer

Info

Publication number
WO1999031532B1
WO1999031532B1 PCT/US1998/026368 US9826368W WO9931532B1 WO 1999031532 B1 WO1999031532 B1 WO 1999031532B1 US 9826368 W US9826368 W US 9826368W WO 9931532 B1 WO9931532 B1 WO 9931532B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
refractive index
multiplexed
gradient refractive
axial gradient
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/026368
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1999031532A2 (en
WO1999031532A3 (en
Inventor
Robert H Dueck
Robert K Wade
Boyde V Hunter
Joseph R Dempewolf
Original Assignee
Lightchip Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lightchip Inc filed Critical Lightchip Inc
Priority to JP2000539371A priority Critical patent/JP2002508532A/en
Priority to IL13661898A priority patent/IL136618A0/en
Priority to BR9814279-8A priority patent/BR9814279A/en
Priority to AU19100/99A priority patent/AU753534B2/en
Priority to EP98963860A priority patent/EP1038192A4/en
Priority to KR1020007006406A priority patent/KR20010033048A/en
Priority to CA002313205A priority patent/CA2313205A1/en
Publication of WO1999031532A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999031532A2/en
Publication of WO1999031532A3 publication Critical patent/WO1999031532A3/en
Publication of WO1999031532B1 publication Critical patent/WO1999031532B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/29307—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide components assembled in or forming a solid transparent unitary block, e.g. for facilitating component alignment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/2931—Diffractive element operating in reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4246—Bidirectionally operating package structures

Abstract

A wavelength division multiplexer that integrates an axial gradient refractive index element with a diffraction grating to provide coupling from a plurality of input optical sources (each delivering a single wavelength) which are multiplexed to a single polychromatic beam for output to a single output optical receiver. The device comprises means for accepting optical input from at least one optical source, the means including a planar surface (20a); a coupler element (20) comprising an axial gradient refractive index collimating lens (26) having a planar entrance surface onto which the optical input is incident and a homogeneous index boot lens (24, 28) affixed to the axial gradient refractive index collimating lens and having a planar but tilted exit surface (20b); a diffraction grating (22) on the tilted surface of the homogeneous index boot lens which combines a plurality of spatially separated wavelengths from the optical light; and means to output at least one multiplexed, polychromatic output beam, the means including a planar surface (20a). The device may be operated in the forward or reverse direction as a multiplexer or demultiplexer.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS[received by the International Bureau on 24 September 1999 (24.09.99); original claims 1, 3, 5-17 and 19-22 amended; new claims 25-32 added; remaining claims unchanged (6 pages)]
1. An integrated axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer device comprising:
(a) means for accepting at least one optical beam containing at least one wavelength from an optical source, said means including a planar front surface onto which said at least one optical beam is incident;
(b) a coupler subsystem comprising (1) an axial gradient refractive index collimating lens operatively associated with said planar front surface,, and (2) a homogeneous index boot lens affixed to said axial gradient refractive index collimating lens and having a planar exit surface from which said at least one optical beam exits;
(c) a diffraction grating formed at said planar exit surface of said coupler subsystem for combining a plurality of spatially separated wavelengths from said at least one optical beam into at least one multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam and for reflecting said at least one multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam back into said coupler subsystem; and
(d) means for outputting said at least one multiplexed, polychromatic output beam to an optical receiver, said means including said planar front surface.
2. The device of Claim 1 wherein said diffraction grating is a Littrow diffraction grating.
3. The device of Claim 1 wherein said planar exit surface is provided with a beveled surface at an angle that is normal to at least one wavelength diffracted by said diffraction grating, said beveled surface being angled so that incident wavelengths from said coupler subsystem are reflected back into said coupler subsystem.
4. The device of Claim 1 further including at least one electrooptical element for refracting either an individual or a plurality of wavelengths to provide channel routing capabilities.
5. The device of Claim 4 further comprising a non-linear electrooptical element between said optical source and said planar front surface.
6. The device of Claim 4 further comprising an array of individually addressable electrooptical elements between said optical source and said planar front surface.
7. The device of Claim 1 wherein said optical source is selected from the group consisting of optical fibers, lasers, and laser diodes.
8. The device of Claim 7 wherein said optical source comprises at least one optical fiber transmitting a plurality of wavelengths.
9. The device of Claim 7 wherein said optical source comprises a one- dimensional array of optical fibers.
10. The device of Claim 7 wherein said optical source comprises a two- dimensional array of optical fibers.
1 1. The device of Claim 7 wherein said optical source comprises a one- dimensional array of laser diodes.
12. The device of Claim 7 wherein said optical source comprises a two- dimensional array of laser diodes.
13. The device of Claim 1 wherein said optical receiver is selected from the group consisting of optical fibers and photodetectors.
14. The device of Claim 13 wherein said optical receiver comprises a one- dimensional array of optical fibers.
15. The device of Claim 13 wherein said optical receiver comprises a two- dimensional array of optical fibers.
16. The device of Claim 13 wherein said optical receiver comprises a one- dimensional array of photodetectors.
17. The device of Claim 13 wherein said optical receiver comprises a two- dimensional array of photodetectors.
18. The device of Claim 1 wherein said at least one optical beam is incident on said coupler subsystem and exits from said coupler subsystem, thereby acting as a multiplexer.
19. The device of Claim 18 wherein more than one of said at least one optical beam is incident on said coupler subsystem and exits from said coupler subsystem as said at least one multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam.
20. The device of Claim 1 wherein said at least one multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam is incident on said coupler subsystem and exits from said coupler subsystem, thereby acting as a demultiplexer.
21. The device of Claim 20 wherein at least one of said at least one multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam is incident on said coupler subsystem and exits from said coupler subsystem as more than one of said at least one optical beam.
22. The device of Claim 1 further comprising at least one homogeneous index element between said accepting means and said coupler subsystem.
23. The device of Claim 1 further including at least one electrooptical element for blocking either an individual or a plurality of wavelengths to provide channel blocking capabilities.
24. The device of Claim 1 wherein said coupler subsystem provides a specifically desired function for channel output intensity as a function of wavelength.
25. An integrated axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer device comprising: (a) an axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens for collimating a plurality of monochromatic optical beams traveling along a first direction, and for focusing a multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam traveling along a second direction, the second direction being substantially opposite the first direction;
(b) a homogeneous index boot lens affixed to the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens for transmitting the plurality of monochromatic optical beams from the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens along the first direction, and for transmitting the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam to the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens along the second direction, the homogeneous index boot lens having a planar interface surface; and
(c) a diffraction grating formed at the planar interface surface of the homogeneous index boot lens for combining the plurality of monochromatic optical beams into the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam, and for reflecting the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam back into the homogeneous index boot lens.
26. The device of Claim 25, wherein the homogeneous index boot lens is a first homogeneous index boot lens, the device further comprising: a second homogeneous index boot lens affixed to the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens for transmitting the plurality of monochromatic optical beams to the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens along the first direction, and for transmitting the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam from the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens along the second direction.
27. The device of Claim 26, wherein the second homogeneous index boot lens has a planar interface surface for accepting the plurality of monochromatic optical beams from an optical source, and for outputting the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam to an optical receiver.
28. The device of Claim 25, wherein the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens has a planar interface surface for accepting the plurality of monochromatic optical beams from an optical source, and for outputting the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam to an optical receiver.
29. An integrated axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division demultiplexer device comprising:
(a) an axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens for collimating a multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam traveling along a first direction, and for focusing a plurality of monochromatic optical beams traveling along a second direction, the second direction being substantially opposite the first direction; (b) a homogeneous index boot lens affixed to the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens for transmitting the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam from the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens along the first direction, and for transmitting the plurality of monochromatic optical beams to the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens along the second direction, the homogeneous index boot lens having a planar interface surface; and
(c) a diffraction grating formed at the planar interface surface of the homogeneous index boot lens for separating the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam into the plurality of monochromatic optical beams, and for reflecting the plurality of monochromatic optical beams back into the homogeneous index boot lens.
30. The device of Claim 29, wherein the homogeneous index boot lens is a first homogeneous index boot lens, the device further comprising: a second homogeneous index boot lens affixed to the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens for transmitting the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam to the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens along the first direction, and for transmitting the plurality of monochromatic optical beams from the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens along the second direction.
31. The device of Claim 30, wherein the second homogeneous index boot lens has a planar interface surface for accepting the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam from an optical source, and for outputting the plurality of monochromatic optical beams to an optical receiver.
32. The device of Claim 29, wherein the axial gradient refractive index collimating/focusing lens has a planar interface surface for accepting the multiplexed, polychromatic optical beam from an optical source, and for outputting the plurality of monochromatic optical beams to an optical receiver.
. _
STATEMENT UNDER PCT ARTICLE 19
On the replacement sheets, original Claims 1, 3, 5-17, and 19-22 have been amended, original Claims 2, 4 and 18 remain unchanged, and new claims 25-32 have been added. Claims 1 , 3, 5-17, and 19-22 have been amended to correct informalities. Claims 25-32 have been added to address other aspects of the invention. No new matter has been added.
PCT/US1998/026368 1997-12-13 1998-12-11 Integrated bi-directional axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer WO1999031532A2 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000539371A JP2002508532A (en) 1997-12-13 1998-12-11 Integrated bidirectional axial gradient index / grating wavelength division multiplexer
IL13661898A IL136618A0 (en) 1997-12-13 1998-12-11 Integrated bi-directional axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer
BR9814279-8A BR9814279A (en) 1997-12-13 1998-12-11 Integrated bidirectional wavelength division multiplexer with axial gradient refractive index / diffraction grating
AU19100/99A AU753534B2 (en) 1997-12-13 1998-12-11 Integrated bi-directional axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer
EP98963860A EP1038192A4 (en) 1997-12-13 1998-12-11 Integrated bi-directional axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer
KR1020007006406A KR20010033048A (en) 1997-12-13 1998-12-11 Integrated bi-directional axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer
CA002313205A CA2313205A1 (en) 1997-12-13 1998-12-11 Integrated bi-directional axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/990,197 1997-12-13
US08/990,197 US6011884A (en) 1997-12-13 1997-12-13 Integrated bi-directional axial gradient refractive index/diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999031532A2 WO1999031532A2 (en) 1999-06-24
WO1999031532A3 WO1999031532A3 (en) 1999-10-28
WO1999031532B1 true WO1999031532B1 (en) 1999-11-25

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Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6011884A (en)
EP (1) EP1038192A4 (en)
JP (1) JP2002508532A (en)
KR (1) KR20010033048A (en)
CN (1) CN1281555A (en)
AU (1) AU753534B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9814279A (en)
CA (1) CA2313205A1 (en)
IL (1) IL136618A0 (en)
RU (1) RU2191416C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1999031532A2 (en)

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US6011884A (en) 2000-01-04
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RU2191416C2 (en) 2002-10-20
AU1910099A (en) 1999-07-05

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