WO1999031203A1 - Constant heating value aqueous fuel mixture and method for formulating the same - Google Patents
Constant heating value aqueous fuel mixture and method for formulating the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999031203A1 WO1999031203A1 PCT/US1998/026276 US9826276W WO9931203A1 WO 1999031203 A1 WO1999031203 A1 WO 1999031203A1 US 9826276 W US9826276 W US 9826276W WO 9931203 A1 WO9931203 A1 WO 9931203A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- set forth
- emulsion composition
- fuel emulsion
- weight percent
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 228
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 di- substituted amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001408 amides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005682 EO-PO block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 29
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 18
- CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomethyl propanol Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CO CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 13
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005698 Diels-Alder reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Polymers CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NKRVGWFEFKCZAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl nitrate Chemical group CCCCC(CC)CO[N+]([O-])=O NKRVGWFEFKCZAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nonylphenol Polymers CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 4
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KMLVPZCOKWLMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminobutan-2-ol;2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCC(C)(N)O.OCCN(CCO)CCO KMLVPZCOKWLMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Aminoacetate Chemical compound NCC([O-])=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Poloxamer Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1 RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 2
- PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;disodium;dinitrate;nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[K+].[O-]N=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- FBWNMEQMRUMQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tergitol NP-9 Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO)C=C1 FBWNMEQMRUMQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYTABHHTUFYVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)c1cccc(c1)-c1ccc(cc1)-c1nn[nH]n1 RYTABHHTUFYVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSVZGWAJIHWNQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl]methanol Chemical compound C1CC2C(CO)C(CO)C1C2 YSVZGWAJIHWNQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008214 highly purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- ILLHQJIJCRNRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octylacetylene Natural products CCCCCCCCC#C ILLHQJIJCRNRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYDLBVPAAFVANX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCCOCCOCCOCCO)C=C1 UYDLBVPAAFVANX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011885 synergistic combination Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
- C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/1811—Organic compounds containing oxygen peroxides; ozonides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
- C10L1/1883—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom polycarboxylic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
- C10L1/2225—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates hydroxy containing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
- C10L1/231—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites nitro compounds; nitrates; nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/26—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C10L1/2633—Organic compounds containing phosphorus phosphorus bond to oxygen (no P. C. bond)
- C10L1/2641—Organic compounds containing phosphorus phosphorus bond to oxygen (no P. C. bond) oxygen bonds only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/26—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C10L1/2666—Organic compounds containing phosphorus macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/2683—Organic compounds containing phosphorus macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon to carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/28—Organic compounds containing silicon
- C10L1/285—Organic compounds containing silicon macromolecular compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT98963046T ATE474902T1 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1998-12-10 | AQUEOUS FUEL MIXTURE WITH CONSTANT CALORICAL VALUE AND METHOD FOR FORMING IT |
CA2313686A CA2313686C (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1998-12-10 | Constant heating value aqueous fuel mixture and method for formulating the same |
DE69841780T DE69841780D1 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1998-12-10 | AQUEOUS FUEL MIXTURE WITH CONSTANT HEATING AND METHOD FOR THEIR EDUCATION |
EP98963046A EP1051460B1 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1998-12-10 | Constant heating value aqueous fuel mixture and method for formulating the same |
JP2000539109A JP2002508434A (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1998-12-10 | Constant calorific value aqueous fuel mixture and its preparation method |
AU18152/99A AU756277B2 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1998-12-10 | Constant heating value aqueous fuel mixture and method for formulating the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US6938397P | 1997-12-12 | 1997-12-12 | |
US10902898A | 1998-07-01 | 1998-07-01 | |
US09/109,028 | 1998-07-01 | ||
US60/069,383 | 1998-07-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999031203A1 true WO1999031203A1 (en) | 1999-06-24 |
Family
ID=26749999
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/026276 WO1999031203A1 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1998-12-10 | Constant heating value aqueous fuel mixture and method for formulating the same |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7491247B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1051460B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002508434A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE474902T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU756277B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2313686C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69841780D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999031203A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002086031A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-31 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drag reduction using maleated fatty acids |
WO2011159764A1 (en) * | 2010-06-15 | 2011-12-22 | Champion Technologies, Inc. | Inhibiting stress corrosion cracking of metal exposed to moderate to high concentrations of ethanol |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SI2643438T1 (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2017-11-30 | Gane Energy & Resources Pty Ltd | Process for powering a compression ignition engine |
GB201103181D0 (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2011-04-06 | Danisco | Compositon |
US9493709B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 | 2016-11-15 | Fuelina Technologies, Llc | Hybrid fuel and method of making the same |
GB201111029D0 (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2011-08-10 | Danisco | Composition |
US8641788B2 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2014-02-04 | Igp Energy, Inc. | Fuels and fuel additives comprising butanol and pentanol |
WO2014158262A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-10-02 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Algae-derived fuel/water emulsion |
CN107250324B (en) | 2014-12-03 | 2019-11-15 | 德雷塞尔大学 | Natural gas is directly incorporated into hydrocarbon liquid fuel |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4002435A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1977-01-11 | Wenzel Edward C | Clear and stable liquid fuel compositions for internal combustion engines |
EP0475620A2 (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1992-03-18 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Microemulsion diesel fuel compositions and method of use |
US5259851A (en) * | 1990-02-02 | 1993-11-09 | Eniricerche S.P.A. | Hybrid liquid fuel composition in aqueous microemulsion form |
US5284492A (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1994-02-08 | Nalco Fuel Tech | Enhanced lubricity fuel oil emulsions |
US5669938A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-09-23 | Ethyl Corporation | Emulsion diesel fuel composition with reduced emissions |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4084940A (en) | 1974-12-23 | 1978-04-18 | Petrolite Corporation | Emulsions of enhanced ignitibility |
US5584894A (en) * | 1992-07-22 | 1996-12-17 | Platinum Plus, Inc. | Reduction of nitrogen oxides emissions from vehicular diesel engines |
US5151456A (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1992-09-29 | Koch Industries, Inc. | Emulsified sealant having a high solids content |
ES2106363T3 (en) | 1992-03-09 | 1997-11-01 | Ecotec France | EMULSIFIED FUELS. |
US5288814A (en) * | 1992-08-26 | 1994-02-22 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Easy to disperse polycarboxylic acid thickeners |
US6302929B1 (en) * | 1994-04-04 | 2001-10-16 | Rudolf W. Gunnerman | Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of preparing |
FR2746106B1 (en) | 1996-03-15 | 1998-08-28 | EMULSIFIED FUEL AND ONE OF ITS PROCESSES | |
WO1999063024A1 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 1999-12-09 | Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. | Stabile invert fuel emulsion compositions and method of making |
-
1998
- 1998-12-10 DE DE69841780T patent/DE69841780D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-10 EP EP98963046A patent/EP1051460B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-10 AU AU18152/99A patent/AU756277B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-12-10 WO PCT/US1998/026276 patent/WO1999031203A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-12-10 AT AT98963046T patent/ATE474902T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-12-10 CA CA2313686A patent/CA2313686C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-10 JP JP2000539109A patent/JP2002508434A/en active Pending
-
2000
- 2000-08-29 US US09/650,073 patent/US7491247B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4002435A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1977-01-11 | Wenzel Edward C | Clear and stable liquid fuel compositions for internal combustion engines |
US5259851A (en) * | 1990-02-02 | 1993-11-09 | Eniricerche S.P.A. | Hybrid liquid fuel composition in aqueous microemulsion form |
EP0475620A2 (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1992-03-18 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Microemulsion diesel fuel compositions and method of use |
US5284492A (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1994-02-08 | Nalco Fuel Tech | Enhanced lubricity fuel oil emulsions |
US5669938A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-09-23 | Ethyl Corporation | Emulsion diesel fuel composition with reduced emissions |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002086031A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-31 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drag reduction using maleated fatty acids |
US7137401B2 (en) | 2001-04-19 | 2006-11-21 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drag reduction using maleated fatty acids |
WO2011159764A1 (en) * | 2010-06-15 | 2011-12-22 | Champion Technologies, Inc. | Inhibiting stress corrosion cracking of metal exposed to moderate to high concentrations of ethanol |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU756277B2 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
DE69841780D1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
CA2313686A1 (en) | 1999-06-24 |
EP1051460A4 (en) | 2004-04-28 |
JP2002508434A (en) | 2002-03-19 |
EP1051460B1 (en) | 2010-07-21 |
US7491247B1 (en) | 2009-02-17 |
EP1051460A1 (en) | 2000-11-15 |
CA2313686C (en) | 2011-02-22 |
ATE474902T1 (en) | 2010-08-15 |
AU1815299A (en) | 1999-07-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6607566B1 (en) | Stabile fuel emulsions and method of making | |
US8247359B2 (en) | Water-in-oil emulsions, methods and uses of emulsifying agents | |
US3876391A (en) | Process of preparing novel micro emulsions | |
US5743922A (en) | Enhanced lubricity diesel fuel emulsions for reduction of nitrogen oxides | |
US3527581A (en) | Microemulsions of water in hydrocarbon fuel for engines | |
KR100598442B1 (en) | Friction modifier alkoxyamine salts of carboxylic acids as additives for fuel compositions and methods of use thereof | |
JP2005520033A (en) | Ethanol-diesel fuel compositions and methods thereof | |
HRP20010661A2 (en) | Fuel composition | |
CA2313686C (en) | Constant heating value aqueous fuel mixture and method for formulating the same | |
US6656236B1 (en) | Constant heating value aqueous fuel mixture and method for formulating the same | |
KR20040086089A (en) | Additives for fuel compositions to reduce formation of combustion chamber deposits | |
US6786938B1 (en) | Aqueous fuel formulation for reduced deposit formation on engine system components | |
US7407522B2 (en) | Stabile invert fuel emulsion compositions and method of making | |
US7645305B1 (en) | High stability fuel compositions | |
WO1999063025A1 (en) | Stabile fuel emulsions and method of making | |
WO1999063024A1 (en) | Stabile invert fuel emulsion compositions and method of making | |
WO1999063026A1 (en) | High stability fuel compositions | |
US6793694B2 (en) | Temperature-stable emulsified fuel | |
WO2005019394A1 (en) | Low temperature stable concentrate containing fatty acid based composition, fuel composition and method to impprove the lubricity | |
WO2020124034A1 (en) | Fuel compositions | |
EP1257616A1 (en) | Compositions | |
WO2011076949A1 (en) | Liquid fuel compositions | |
CA3233105A1 (en) | Fuel additives for lowering deposit and particulate emission | |
WO2005093016A1 (en) | Hydrocarbon fuels having improved combustion characteristics | |
PL197330B1 (en) | Ecological hydrated additive for petrol engine fuel |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT AU BR CA CH CN CZ DE DK ES FI GB HU ID JP KR MX NO NZ RO RU SE SG US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2313686 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2313686 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18152/99 Country of ref document: AU |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 2000 539109 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1998963046 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1998963046 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 18152/99 Country of ref document: AU |