WO1999020409A1 - Method and apparatus for recycling an aggregate contaminated with a hydrocarbon - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for recycling an aggregate contaminated with a hydrocarbon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999020409A1 WO1999020409A1 PCT/GB1998/002934 GB9802934W WO9920409A1 WO 1999020409 A1 WO1999020409 A1 WO 1999020409A1 GB 9802934 W GB9802934 W GB 9802934W WO 9920409 A1 WO9920409 A1 WO 9920409A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aggregate
- apparams
- solvent
- transferring
- drum
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
- E01B27/04—Removing the ballast; Machines therefor, whether or not additionally adapted for taking-up ballast
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/48—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by mechanical classifiers
- B03B5/56—Drum classifiers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
- E01B2203/02—Removing or re-contouring ballast
- E01B2203/025—Suction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for recycling an aggregate contaminated with a hydrocarbon. More particularly it relates to a method and apparatus for cleaning ballast, for example, the stone chippings used on railway tracks. It could however be used to clean, for example, pebbles from an oil contaminated beach.
- US 4203493 discloses a method and apparatus for cleaning railway ballast.
- the method comprises tumbling ballast in a drum with water.
- cleaning is inefficient.
- the apparatus should be mobile so that the method of the invention can be conducted in situ.
- a method of cleaning and recycling an aggregate contaminated with a hydrocarbon comprising: i) subjecting the aggregate to a prewash, ii) solvent washing the aggregate to remove the hydrocarbon contaminant, iii) rinsing the aggregate with water to remove residual solvent containing the hydrocarbon contaminant, iv) separating off the solvent containing the hydrocarbon contaminant and water from the aggregate, and v) recycling the cleaned aggregate.
- an apparatus for conducting the method of the invention, comprising; i) means for extracting and/or transferring the aggregate to the apparatus ii) means for prewashing the aggregate; iii) means for transferring the aggregate to a solvent treatment circuit; iv) means for transferring the aggregate to a water treatment circuit; v) means for transferring the cleaned and decontaminated aggregate for recycling, and vi) means for collecting waste streams from the solvent and water treatment circuits.
- the apparatus is a mobile apparatus which is provided with its own means of power and propulsion.
- the apparatus could be provided with wheels, runners or the like and is connected to, for example, a locomotive or tractor.
- the apparatus could be a stationed apparatus.
- the method comprises: i) transferring the aggregate contaminated with a hydrocarbon to a cleaning apparams. This is most preferably achieved using a hose and applying suction via, for example, a vacuum extractor. Other methods such as, for example, using a digger arm will of course be apparent to the skilled man. The actual means will depend on whether the apparatus is fixed or mobile; ii) optionally screening the aggregate to remove, for example, undersized particles, and litter. This can be achieved by methods familiar to the skilled man such as, for example, sieving, and/or passing the aggregate across an air stream.
- the aggregate is then subjected to a pre-wash in water to remove, for example, fines for example, clay, which can cause "sticking" problems; iv) the aggregate is then subjected to a solvent wash.
- the solvent could be any solvent capable of removing a hydrocarbon contaminant from the aggregate.
- particularly favoured is a citrus extract because it is not subject to COSHH regulations.
- the citrus extract is preferably a citrus peel oil such as for example a folded oil and/or a terpene. More preferably still the citrus extract is an orange extract.
- the citrus extract may be used neat or diluted with a bulking agent such as a de-aromatized iso paraffin.
- the cleaning solvent with oil contamination can be used as a low grade fuel and burnt.
- the wash is preferably conducted in a tank, such as, for example, a drum or trommel, which is subjected to agitation.
- the solvent with hydrocarbons dissolved therein is separated off, the waste stream being collected; v) the aggregate is then subjected to a rinse or wash in water.
- the rinse or wash is preferably conducted in a tank such as, for example, a drum or trommel, which is subjected to agitation; vi) the water and residual solvent/hydrocarbon mixture is then separated off leaving a clean aggregate which can be recycled. The waste stream is again collected; and vii) the waste streams are then treated so that the hydrocarbons can be disposed of safely in a controlled manner as outlined in iv) above.
- a tank such as, for example, a drum or trommel
- the apparatus for use with the method can be fixed, in which case the aggregate is brought to and from the apparatus. More preferably it is a mobile apparatus.
- a mobile apparatus is provided with a power source and propulsion means.
- a method and apparatus according to the invention are described below, by way of example only, with reference to the following figs, in which: -
- Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a mobile ballast washer
- Fig. 2 is a schematic side elevation of the mobile ballast washer of Fig.
- Fig. 3 is a process flow chart illustrating the stages of a method
- Fig. 4 is a process flow chart illustrating the solvent circuit for the method according to Fig. 3;
- Fig. 5 is a process flow chart illustrating the water circuit for the method according to Fig. 3;
- Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a mobile apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 7 is a rear view of the mobile apparatus of Fig. 6.
- an apparatus 10 comprises a platform 12 which supports the components of the apparatus.
- a suction hose 14 is
- a vacuum extractor 16 provides the force necessary to lift the surface ballast from the track to the apparams.
- the aggregate is then optionally screened before being directed into a hopper 18 where it is stored.
- a conveyor 20 provides the means for transferring the ballast from the hopper to a solvent drum 22. On the way it undergoes a pre- wash.
- a conveyor means for example an Archimedean screw then transfers the aggregate to a water drum 24.
- the respective waste streams from the solvent drum and water drum are directed to a respective solvent sump 26 and water sump 28.
- the cleaned aggregate then passes for recycling via a conveyor 30 and movable chute 32.
- the mobile apparatus is powered by way of a power and propulsion unit 34 which may be separate to or integral with platfo ⁇ n 12.
- an apparams 10 of the type referred to with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 can be used to recycle oily railway ballast in situ.
- the top layer of oily ballast is vacuumed up and conveyed to hopper 18 where it is screened - undersized solids and fines being drawn off in a waste stream.
- the ballast is pre-washed, for example by spraying with water, and then conveyed to drum 22 where it under goes a solvent wash in a solvent circuit (Fig. 4)
- the contaminated aggregate from the hopper is subjected to a solvent wash with a citrus extract in a drum or trommel.
- the hydrocarbon contaminant is removed from the aggregate and d e solvent waste containing dissolved hydrocarbon is drawn off into a solvent sump where it is filtered to remove solids and fines.
- the solvent with dissolved hydrocarbons may be stored for disposal or returned to the feed tank to be recycled.
- the solvent washed aggregate is then conveyed to drum 24 where it undergoes a water wash (Fig. 5).
- the solvent washed aggregate is conveyed from the solvent wash drum to a water wash drum where any remaining solvent with dissolved hydrocarbon is picked up and this waste stream is then passed to a water sump. It is men passed over a weir or skimmer to separate the solvent waste containing dissolved hydrocarbon contaminant from the water.
- the water is then filtered to remove solids and fines and returned to the water feed tank and the solvent waste is returned to the solvent tank.
- the cleaned ballast is then conveyed by .Archimedean screw or a chute for storage or is returned directly to the track.
- a hose 14 sucks up the top 150mm of ballast which experiments have shown contains 90% of the contamination.
- the hose is provided on a swing arm 15.
- the aggregate is sucked up and optionally undergoes a dry screen before passing into a hopper 18. From there it passes into a drum 21 where it undergoes a prewash or wet screen to remove, for example, fines.
- the drum 21 is vertically disposed above solvent drum 22 which in turn is disposed above the rinse drum 24.
- Each drum is open and rotates about a central axle 23.
- each axle Associated or integral with each axle is a spray arm 25 such that fluid can enter the drum under operation from a fluid pump and be sprayed onto the ballast within the drum.
- Each drum is open and perforated below so that the fluid passes through into respective solvent and water sumps 26 and 28. Since the solvent is less dense and immiscible with the water, the waste streams can be recycled and returned to respective holding tanks 31 and 33.
- Each drum has a plurality of shaped blades 27 which serve to retain the ballast in the drum whilst it is rotated in a given direction but, enable the ballast to be "thrown” into the neighbouring drum by altering me direction of rotation of the drum.
- the last drum in the series is positioned such that the clean ballast can be thrown back onto the track.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98945402A EP1024908A1 (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-09-29 | Method and apparatus for recycling an aggregate contaminated with a hydrocarbon |
AU92732/98A AU9273298A (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-09-29 | Method and apparatus for recycling an aggregate contaminated with a hydrocarbon |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9722128.7A GB9722128D0 (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1997-10-21 | Method and apparatus for recycling an aggregate contaminated with a hydrocarbon |
GB9722128.7 | 1997-10-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999020409A1 true WO1999020409A1 (en) | 1999-04-29 |
Family
ID=10820798
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1998/002934 WO1999020409A1 (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-09-29 | Method and apparatus for recycling an aggregate contaminated with a hydrocarbon |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1024908A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU9273298A (en) |
GB (1) | GB9722128D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999020409A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003004184A1 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-16 | Ecotec S.R.L. | Process for the remediation of soil polluted by organic compounds |
GB2431682A (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-02 | Ps Rail Ltd | Ballast removing device and method |
WO2010142026A1 (en) * | 2009-06-07 | 2010-12-16 | Imc-International Marketing Of Canada Corp. | Amphibious oil spill recovery system and apparatus |
US8101812B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2012-01-24 | Green Source Energy Llc | Extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials |
US8272442B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2012-09-25 | Green Source Energy Llc | In situ extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials |
US8404108B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2013-03-26 | Green Source Energy Llc | Extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials and/or processing of hydrocarbon-containing materials |
CN105498942A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-20 | 金思思 | Building gravel cleaning device |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109577113B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2023-12-29 | 泉州市劲力工程机械有限公司 | Swing type ballast picking mechanism applied to ballast picking machine |
CN109594435B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2024-03-08 | 泉州市劲力工程机械有限公司 | Swing arm applied to swing type ballast picking mechanism |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4203493A (en) * | 1978-11-21 | 1980-05-20 | Southern Railway Company | Railway ballast cleaning apparatus |
US4472272A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-09-18 | Palmiero Capannoli | Apparatus for washing inert material |
WO1985001884A1 (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1985-05-09 | Helmut Apfelbaum | Installation for the purification and separation of mixtures of oil and solid materials |
FR2636669A1 (en) * | 1988-09-19 | 1990-03-23 | Guillaume Jean Paul | Mobile regenerator unit for drilling muds. |
WO1995015566A1 (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-06-08 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Process for the treatment of particulate material |
WO1995017244A1 (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-06-29 | Union Oil Company Of California | Solvent soaps and methods employing same |
-
1997
- 1997-10-21 GB GBGB9722128.7A patent/GB9722128D0/en not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-09-29 AU AU92732/98A patent/AU9273298A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-09-29 EP EP98945402A patent/EP1024908A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-09-29 WO PCT/GB1998/002934 patent/WO1999020409A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4203493A (en) * | 1978-11-21 | 1980-05-20 | Southern Railway Company | Railway ballast cleaning apparatus |
US4472272A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-09-18 | Palmiero Capannoli | Apparatus for washing inert material |
WO1985001884A1 (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1985-05-09 | Helmut Apfelbaum | Installation for the purification and separation of mixtures of oil and solid materials |
FR2636669A1 (en) * | 1988-09-19 | 1990-03-23 | Guillaume Jean Paul | Mobile regenerator unit for drilling muds. |
WO1995015566A1 (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-06-08 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Process for the treatment of particulate material |
WO1995017244A1 (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-06-29 | Union Oil Company Of California | Solvent soaps and methods employing same |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
HRP20031077B1 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2011-11-30 | Ecotec S.R.L. | Process for the remediation of soil polluted by organic compounds |
US7287933B2 (en) | 2001-07-06 | 2007-10-30 | Ecotec S.R.L. | Process for the remediation of soil polluted by organic compounds |
WO2003004184A1 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-16 | Ecotec S.R.L. | Process for the remediation of soil polluted by organic compounds |
GB2431682A (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-02 | Ps Rail Ltd | Ballast removing device and method |
US8522876B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2013-09-03 | Green Source Energy Llc | In situ extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials |
US8101812B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2012-01-24 | Green Source Energy Llc | Extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials |
US8272442B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2012-09-25 | Green Source Energy Llc | In situ extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials |
US8404107B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2013-03-26 | Green Source Energy Llc | Extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials |
US8404108B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2013-03-26 | Green Source Energy Llc | Extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials and/or processing of hydrocarbon-containing materials |
US9102864B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2015-08-11 | Green Source Holdings Llc | Extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials and/or processing of hydrocarbon-containing materials |
US9181468B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2015-11-10 | Green Source Holdings Llc | Extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials and/or processing of hydrocarbon-containing materials |
US9416645B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2016-08-16 | Green Source Holdings Llc | Extraction of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing materials and/or processing of hydrocarbon-containing materials |
WO2010142026A1 (en) * | 2009-06-07 | 2010-12-16 | Imc-International Marketing Of Canada Corp. | Amphibious oil spill recovery system and apparatus |
CN105498942A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-20 | 金思思 | Building gravel cleaning device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU9273298A (en) | 1999-05-10 |
EP1024908A1 (en) | 2000-08-09 |
GB9722128D0 (en) | 1997-12-17 |
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