WO1998047953A1 - Adhesive applicator crayon - Google Patents
Adhesive applicator crayon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998047953A1 WO1998047953A1 PCT/US1997/006713 US9706713W WO9847953A1 WO 1998047953 A1 WO1998047953 A1 WO 1998047953A1 US 9706713 W US9706713 W US 9706713W WO 9847953 A1 WO9847953 A1 WO 9847953A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- molecular weight
- weight
- component
- adhesive
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LDKDGDIWEUUXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thymophthalein Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(C)C)=CC(C2(C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)O2)C=2C(=CC(O)=C(C(C)C)C=2)C)=C1C LDKDGDIWEUUXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004836 Glue Stick Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001374 small-angle light scattering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 long chain fatty acid salt Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
Definitions
- the present invention is desirable for office, school and home consumers.
- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
- an invention for adhesive applicator crayons comprising a shape-giving base
- the adhesives are listed salts of various acids, amides, and N-alkyl substituted
- crayons prepared from rubber, resins and waxes, which required that surface
- the adhesive composition and the high viscosity of the adhesive composition e.g. higher than 150,000 cps which made it difficult to fill the adhesive composition in containers.
- arnino acids or salts thereof and water, or a mixture of water and one or more
- copolymers having a carboxyl group or a carboxylic anhydride group, where
- monomer is preferably about 30 to 100 mol %.
- the present invention provides strong
- the hue or intensity of the color is enhanced by having a pH more alkaline than the range given above, e.g. up to a pH of about 11, e.g. 10.9 - 11.1.
- compositions exhibiting fast adhesive properties e.g. fast initial tear of paper
- crayons which exhibit fast adhesive properties when applied to a substrate
- compositions of the invention are provided.
- Water-based solid adhesive crayons which contain water in a mixture
- dispersible or water soluble polymer e.g. polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer, i.e. a molecular weight below about 1,300,000, and a critical amount of a
- polyvinylpyrollidone polymer i.e. a molecular weight above 1,300,000.
- critical amounts sufficient amounts of the high molecular weight
- Optional ingredients include a plasticizer for the
- polyvinylpyrollidone polymers to impart a degree of flexibility to the dry adhesive film, a preservative to protect the adhesive from attack by
- microorganisms a long chain fatty acid salt to impart a solid gel property to
- composition may be formulated so as to exhibit physical
- properties of a solid e.g. it may be formulated so as to be suitable for
- composition is preferably formulated so as to be satisfactorily
- composition of matter of this invention exhibits adhesive
- components (B), (C), (D) and/or any optional components; (B) is at least one water soluble or water dispersible polymer, e.g.
- PVP polyvinylpyrollidone
- (C) is a salt of a long chain fatty acid or a precursor thereof which forms a salt of a long chain fatty acid when combined with the other components of the compositions of
- polymer e.g. a PVP polymer having a molecular weight above about
- Suitable polymers for component (B) include homopolymers or
- polymers of component (D) can be of the same type of polymer as component
- the high molecular weight polymer be PVP.
- composition of matter of the invention e.g. a mildewcide and/or fungicide
- solvents for the adhesive exhibiting polymeric components e.g. alcohols, such as
- glycerol or polyglycols for PVP pigments and/or dyes to impart a
- a color indicator such as phenolphthalein or
- thymolphthalein for indicating when the applied film is dried.
- the components of the invention may be combined over a
- composition contain not less than about 50% nor more than
- component (A) (wherein (A) is water). If (A) is an aqueous formulation containing one or more components (B)-(D), or having optional components, the amount of (A) can be adjusted so as to be greater than, or lesser than, the amounts indicated. Although it is preferable that the composition contain not less than about 50%, preferably not less than about
- mixtures thereof for the water dispersible polymers may also decrease the
- aqueous formulation containing one or more of components (B)-(D), or any
- the amount of (A) will be adjusted accordingly.
- Component (B) is at least one polymer exhibiting adhesive properties
- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
- PVP polymers are commercially available in
- compositions and applicator solid forms of the present invention are compositions and applicator solid forms of the present invention.
- components (B) or (D) are available from GAF Chemicals Corporation, International Specialty Products, of Wayne, N.J., U.S.A., under the tradenames PVP K-90 and PVP K-120, each having an off-white powder appearance.
- PVP K-90 has a viscosity average molecular weight of 630.000 (performed at
- PVP K-120 has a viscosity average molecular weight of 1,450,000
- Luviskol K-90 has a weight average molecular weight of 1,200,000;
- Luviskol K-80 has a weight average molecular weight of 900,000 and
- Luviskol K-60, K-30 and K-77 have lower molecular weights.
- component (B) is present in amounts of at least about 12% but not more than about 26%. More than one low molecular weight polymer can be used as component (B).
- molecular weight polymers is present in an equal or greater amount.
- Component (C) is generally present from about 3% to about 10%,
- Component (C) is a long chain (i.e. C 15 -C 26 ) fatty acid
- Li, Na, K, Ca, Sr, Ba most preferably sodium stearate. It enhances spreading
- Component (D) is a high molecular weight (e.g. above about a
- component (D) is at least 2,800,000 polymer, e.g. PVP.
- the amount of component (D) is
- component (D) should not be so great as to induce crumbling when pressure
- component (D) will vary with the molecular weight of the polymer
- component (D) may be present in an amount of from about 0.5% to about
- the amount of component (D) is at least 0.5 wt %, preferably at least 0.7 wt %, most
- the solvent is an alcohol, more preferably an alcohol selected from the group consisting of glycerol,
- polyglycols especially low molecular weight polyglycols, e.g. propylene
- glycol and mixtures thereof, though most preferably, glycerols and propylene
- esters certain esters, ketones and chlorinated hydrocarbons; esters and
- nitroparaffins are known solvents for PVP.
- the solvent is present in amounts
- Plasticizers for the water soluble/dispersible polymers may also be used.
- polyethylene glycols e.g. having a M.W. of 400 or less, are particularly good
- compositions of the invention can be made by mixing components
- temperature can be elevated to 85-95 °C and mixing continued with slow
- components (A) can be
- components (B) and (D) can be mixed, or components (B) and (D) can be in solution/dispersion form,
- the resulting composition can be extruded directly into glue stick containers or drawn off into drums for
- an optional component for controlling microorganisms it may take the form of a mildewcide and/or fungicide. Suitable substances are commercially available, such as the mildewcide sold under the trademark
- Permanent color can be imparted to the composition of the invention by including pigments and/or dyes as an optional component.
- the freshly applied adhesive has a color, e.g. blue, which fades
- phenolphtalein chemical name 3,3- bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 1 -(3H)-isobenzofuranone
- thymolphthalein chemical name 3,3- bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 1 -(3H)-isobenzofuranone
- i ts spreading and setting characteristics can be ta i lored by proportioning the components.
- the liquid phase component is water or
- liquid component from 100%.
- the liquid phase is 70% by
- formulations of the invention comprise a minor to
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU27385/97A AU2738597A (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1997-04-23 | Adhesive applicator crayon |
US08/973,215 US6066689A (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1997-04-23 | Adhesive applicator crayon |
CA002256705A CA2256705A1 (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1997-04-23 | Adhesive applicator crayon |
PCT/US1997/006713 WO1998047953A1 (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1997-04-23 | Adhesive applicator crayon |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/006713 WO1998047953A1 (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1997-04-23 | Adhesive applicator crayon |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998047953A1 true WO1998047953A1 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
Family
ID=22260769
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/006713 WO1998047953A1 (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1997-04-23 | Adhesive applicator crayon |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2738597A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2256705A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998047953A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005100416A1 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-10-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing aqueous polyvinyllactam dispersions |
US8691340B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2014-04-08 | Apinee, Inc. | Preservation of wood, compositions and methods thereof |
US9878464B1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2018-01-30 | Apinee, Inc. | Preservation of cellulosic materials, compositions and methods thereof |
KR20210009065A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-26 | 주식회사 문교오엔에스 | Crayons containing polyvinylpyrrolidone |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3576776A (en) * | 1968-02-01 | 1971-04-27 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Adhesive applicator crayons |
US3787345A (en) * | 1970-11-05 | 1974-01-22 | Fischer Gmbh Uhu Werk | Stick for the application of adhesive to substrates |
US4073756A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1978-02-14 | Konishi Co., Ltd. | Solid adhesive compositions |
US4075830A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1978-02-28 | Konishi Co., Ltd. | Solid adhesive compositions |
US4325851A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1982-04-20 | Herman Colon | Water-activatable hot-melt adhesives |
-
1997
- 1997-04-23 AU AU27385/97A patent/AU2738597A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-23 CA CA002256705A patent/CA2256705A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-23 WO PCT/US1997/006713 patent/WO1998047953A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3576776A (en) * | 1968-02-01 | 1971-04-27 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Adhesive applicator crayons |
US3787345A (en) * | 1970-11-05 | 1974-01-22 | Fischer Gmbh Uhu Werk | Stick for the application of adhesive to substrates |
US4073756A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1978-02-14 | Konishi Co., Ltd. | Solid adhesive compositions |
US4075830A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1978-02-28 | Konishi Co., Ltd. | Solid adhesive compositions |
US4325851A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1982-04-20 | Herman Colon | Water-activatable hot-melt adhesives |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005100416A1 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-10-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing aqueous polyvinyllactam dispersions |
US8691340B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2014-04-08 | Apinee, Inc. | Preservation of wood, compositions and methods thereof |
US9314938B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2016-04-19 | Apinee, Inc. | Preservation of wood, compositions and methods thereof |
US9878464B1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2018-01-30 | Apinee, Inc. | Preservation of cellulosic materials, compositions and methods thereof |
KR20210009065A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-26 | 주식회사 문교오엔에스 | Crayons containing polyvinylpyrrolidone |
KR102266300B1 (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2021-06-17 | 주식회사 문교오엔에스 | Crayons containing polyvinylpyrrolidone |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2738597A (en) | 1998-11-13 |
CA2256705A1 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6066689A (en) | Adhesive applicator crayon | |
US4644026A (en) | Readhering and removable adhesive | |
JPS59146607A (en) | Manicure apparatus of hand-or foot-nail | |
CA2063556A1 (en) | Paint stripper and varnish remover compositions and related methods | |
CA2635529C (en) | Adhesive with alkanoate blend | |
JPS63156875A (en) | Alkali aqueous universal adhesive based on poly(meth)acrylate | |
JPS6254830B2 (en) | ||
US4716189A (en) | Composition | |
US4657960A (en) | Readhering adhesive | |
WO1998047953A1 (en) | Adhesive applicator crayon | |
US5567753A (en) | Adhesive composition which changes from colored to colorless upon application to a substrate | |
JP2001504065A (en) | Soluble sachets for water-based compositions | |
US6153573A (en) | Aqueous composition for plasticizing paint prior to strip | |
MXPA98008818A (en) | Adhesive applicator crayon | |
IE42162B1 (en) | Thickening solutions of film-forming polymer | |
US6998430B2 (en) | Synthetic stucco compositions | |
CA1065518A (en) | Adhesive compositions | |
JP4355069B2 (en) | Watercolor paint composition | |
JP4399914B2 (en) | Water-based adhesive | |
US2130807A (en) | Printing composition | |
JPS59230071A (en) | Ink for ink jet recording | |
JP2015000879A (en) | Water-in-oil type emulsion adhesive | |
JPS5921335B2 (en) | Coating agent for polyolefin film | |
JPH04248862A (en) | Water-resistant coloring composition | |
KR100317470B1 (en) | An improved stick-shaped adhesive composition |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 08973215 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PA/a/1998/008818 Country of ref document: MX |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH HU IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH KE LS MW SD SZ UG AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2256705 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2256705 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 1998545643 Format of ref document f/p: F |