WO1998020827A1

WO1998020827A1 - Multipurpose integrated activity and exercise system and methods for physically challenged persons

Info

Publication number: WO1998020827A1
Application number: PCT/US1996/018103
Authority: WO
Inventors: Herman James Rottinghaus; Eli Saul Asher; Stephen William Butcher; Anthony Mark Demore; Soo Hyun Ham
Original assignee: Scicare Systems International, Incorporated
Priority date: 1996-11-12
Filing date: 1996-11-12
Publication date: 1998-05-22
Also published as: AU7727696A

Abstract

An assisting device (100) such as a wheelchair, a geriatric chair or a walker that permits a physically challenged person to accomplish things that he or she otherwise could not easily do, is connected to an exercise (400) and/or a cognitive stimulation system (300) that is designed to enable the person to engage in a predetermined exercise and/or cognitive stimulation activity without having to forsake the assisting device. The exercise or cognitive stimulation system is constructed and connected together in such a manner that its presence does not significantly diminish the efficacy of the assisting means for its intended purpose. For example, the person can perform ordinary activities such as eating, moving to another place or using the bathroom without having to disconnect the exercise (400) or cognitive stimulation system (300). This system allows the person to freely engage in a number of activities without assistance from a care giver or forsaking the assisting device.

Description

MULTIPURPOSE INTEGRATED ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE SYSTEM

AND METHODS FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED PERSONS

This is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application 08/442,675, filed on May 17, 1995, the contents of which are hereby incorporated into this document as if set forth fully herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates generally to the field of recreational and therapeutic equipment for physically challenged persons, the definition of whom includes those of advanced age, those with congenital or acquired conditions that may preclude certain types of physical or mental activity, and those who are rehabilitating themselves from disease or injury. More specifically, this invention involves specialized systems and methods that permit physically challenged persons to engage in beneficial physical and/or mental activity with less risk to the individual, less effort and potential liability on the part of the caregiver, and at less expense when compared to the physical therapy equipment and processes that are in use today.

2. Description of the Related Technology

Many physically challenged persons are so because of conditions that often come with advanced age, such as osteoporosis or arthritis. Others become physically challenged as a result of developing a debilitating illness earlier in life, such as poliomyelitis, arthritis, or spinal injury paralysis. The level of challenge varies from person to person, and can range from considerable difficulty using the hands or legs, to having virtually no flexure capability in certain muscles, to an inability to move large portions of the body because of neural or muscle malfunctions. Although conditions may vary from person to person, it is generally true for almost all physically challenged people that motion of the challenged part of the body is at least difficult, often painful, and at times impossible. Through a regular physical therapy program that includes therapeutic passive and active exercise for the affected portion of the person's body, however, it is sometimes possible to lessen the amount of pain that is associated with movement of the affected body portion, and also to strengthen and extend the range of motion of the affected body portion. Numerous medical studies have confirmed that almost all people benefit from regular aerobic exercise, i.e., exercise that stimulates or strengthens a person's cardiovascular system. The major benefits from regular aerobic exercise include favorable effects on fats in the blood, better handling of blood sugar, increased maximal oxygen capacity, greater strength, denser bones, an improved sense of well-being, and better sleep. Regular aerobic exercise can also reduce the risk of depression in the physically challenged, particularly in the elderly. A sedentary lifestyle, on the other hand, can lead to obesity, atrophy of muscles, and other problems. Because a physically challenged person has less opportunity for aerobic exercise than an able bodied person in his or her everyday activities, the need for some type of activity that provides aerobic exercise on a regular basis becomes very important .

Some institutions have exercise/physical therapy facilities for those who are under their care. Unfortunately, many do not. Exercise/physical therapy facilities are expensive to set up and maintain and require a good deal of extra staff time to operate. There are liability issues, as well, associated with such facilities; patients who are frail or experience vertigo are thought to be more accident prone when exercising than the general population. It is considered time consuming for an institution to move the patient to an exercise facility, and there is an increased risk of mishap during move and during the exercise itself. For these and other reasons, institutions are particularly reluctant to make strenuous exercise available to patients who require an assistive device to move, walk or sit upright. For a physically challenged person who lives in a private residence alone, or in the care of a loved one, the opportunities for aerobic exercise are even more limited. Few private homes are equipped with exercise or physical therapy facilities that could be of beneficial use to a physically challenged person living in the home. Outpatient exercise/physical therapy centers that would be suitable for the person are usually expensive and often far away, making it logistically and financially difficult for the person to get regular aerobic exercise. As a result, most physically challenged persons, particularly older persons, who live in private homes get little or no regular aerobic exercise, even when it is apparent to the person and his or her loved ones that he or she could benefit from a regular exercise program. Numerous medical studies have also confirmed the need for cognitive stimulation in both the physically and the mentally challenged. Many of the elderly residents in nursing homes and other long term care facilities suffer from some form of dementia. Dementia is also common among the elderly in assisted living communities and in home care situations. It is known that cognitive sensory stimulation can deter the decline of mental ability in such people.

Assistive devices such as geriatric chairs (commonly called "geri chairs"), walkers, wheelchairs, positioning and support products, braces, canes and crutches are well known and are ubiquitous in caretaking institutions and in the private homes of the physically challenged worldwide. An assistive device permits a physically challenged person to perform functions that he or she otherwise could not, such as sitting upright, standing, walking, or moving to different locations without assistance. In order to engage in any meaningful form of aerobic exercise, a physically challenged person must typically temporarily forsake his or her assistive device, with or without the assistance of a caregiver.

The literature teaches several systems that permit a person to exercise while seated in an assistive device. For example, U.S. Patent 4,153,244 to Tauber, Jr. discloses a stationary exercise apparatus into which a wheelchair may roll to enable a physically challenged person to engage in physical exercise. Other references disclose activity modules that can be attached to a wheelchair itself. For example, U.S. Patent 4,824,132 to Moore discloses the attachment of a tricycle-type device to a wheelchair. The user may exercise by turning the front wheel with pedals, and can move the wheelchair by such pedaling. Unfortunately, both Tauber Jr. and Moore require substantial dedication of the wheelchair and the occupant to the exercise device. Hence, neither device is easily assimilated into the assistive device, because each device precludes the simultaneous performance of other activities associated with the environment of the assistive device.

For example, the occupant' would be precluded from rolling-up to a toilet or a sink. In addition, if the occupant were in a nursing home, the occupant would not have the freedom to visit friends or to participate in recreation groups run by the home for the residents.

U.S. Patent 4,923,423 issued to Farren and PCT Publications WO 84/04690 and WO 84/04689 to Aronsen disclose furniture arm chairs which enable a physically challenged person to lift block weights and engage in push/pull exercises while sitting in an arm chair. Both devices are dedicated to exercise furniture. Neither device allows for other needs, such as eating, associated with an assistive device .

U.S. Patent 5,246,240 to Romich et al . discloses an apparatus for replaceably mounting modular equipment to a wheelchair. U.S. Patents 4,593,929 & 4,979,779 to Williams disclose multiple attachments to a wheelchair addressing needs such as the user's comfort, the user's protection from rain, and the user's protection from the sun.

U.S. Patent 4,753,449 to Doucet discloses a recreation module attachable to a wheelchair. The device permits the attachment of simple recreational devices such as a hockey stick, a ball, or block weights. The concept is directed at developing motion in the user's extremities, flexion and extension of muscle groups, certain perceptual- motor skills, and simple cognitive skills such as laterality, directionality, and concepts of weight and mass. The concept does not address cardiovascular needs; in addition, the concept does not address the type of cognitive sensory stimulation needs contemplated by the present invention—cognitive stimulation which requires thinking as opposed to merely requiring recognition of certain objects. U.S. Patent 4,615,335 to Searcy discloses a motor driven exercise device, attachable to a bed, that is directed at enabling a patient to exercise specific muscles. The concept is particularly directed at rehabilitation of stroke victims. The concept does not meet the cardiovascular needs of a physically challenged person because the effects of the exercise are focused on the specific muscles. U.S. Patent 4,949,408 to Trkla discloses a wheelchair which provides an exercise bar. The exercise bar is directed at grip exercises and certain rudimentary body lifting. As one can see from the position of the exercise bar in Fig. 1, the body lifting does not create aerobic activity, and does not provide for the cardiovascular needs of a physically challenged person. In all of the systems discussed above, the ability of the physically challenged person to use the assitive device for its intended purpose is limited during the period of time that the person is exercising. For example, the user might have trouble using a wheelchair tray to eat while exercising, or might not be able to move the wheelchair to visit others or to go to the bathroom while engaging in the exercise activity. This creates obvious inconveniences for the physically challenged person. It is clear that a need exists for an apparatus and method that will provide increased opportunities of aerobic exercise and/or cognitive stimulation for those individuals who depend on an assistive device for help in performing elemental activities such as walking or sitting upright, which apparatus and method does not require substantial dedication of the assistive device to the aerobic exercise or cognitive stimulation function, so that the individual is not precluded from using the assistive device for its full range of other normal functions when the beneficial aerobic exercise or cognitive stimulation activity is taking place.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide an apparatus and method that will provide increased opportunities of aerobic exercise and/or cognitive stimulation for those individuals who depend on an assistive device for help in performing elemental activities such as walking or sitting upright that does not require substantial dedication of the assistive device to the aerobic exercise or cognitive stimulation function, so that the individual is not precluded from using the assistive device for its full range of other normal functions when the beneficial aerobic exercise or cognitive stimulation activity is taking place. In order to achieve the above and other objects of the invention, an assistive device for permitting a physically challenged person to accomplish things that he or she otherwise could not easily do includes assistive structure for helping the person accomplish a basic task that is not strictly for the purpose of obtaining exercise; and exercise structure, connected to said assistive structure, for enabling the person to engage in a predetermined exercise activity without having to forsake the assistive structure, and wherein the exercise structure and said assistive structure are constructed and connected together in such a manner that the presence of the exercise structure does not significantly diminish the efficacy of the assistive structure for its intended purpose.

According to a second aspect of the invention, an assistive device for permitting a physically challenged person to accomplish things that he or she otherwise could not easily do includes assistive structure for helping the person accomplish a basic task that is not strictly for the purpose of obtaining sensory stimulation; and sensory stimulation structure, connected to the assistive structure, for enabling the person to engage in a predetermined cognitive activity without having to forsake the assistive structure, and wherein said sensory stimulation structure and the assistive structure are constructed and connected together in such a manner that the presence of said sensory stimulation structure does not significantly diminish the efficacy of the assistive structure for its intended purpose.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a method of providing aerobic exercise to a person who is physically challenged and requires an assistive support device to accomplish certain basic non-exercise related tasks, includes steps of: (a) positioning the person so the person can use the assistive support device for the intended purpose of the device; (b) having the person engage in aerobic exercise without leaving the position described in step (a) by using an exercise structure that is connected to the assistive support device for the strict purpose of obtaining exercise; and (c) using the assistive support device for the intended purpose of the assistive support device without removing the exercise structure described in step (b) , whereby the person is permitted to exercise aerobically without being separated from the assistive support device and without disabling the assistive support device from performing its intended purposes during the exercise .

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a method of providing active cognitive stimulation to a person who is physically challenged and requires an assistive support device to accomplish certain basic non-exercise related tasks includes steps of: (a) positioning the person so the person can use the assistive support device for the intended purpose of the device; (b) having the person engage in cognitive activity without leaving the position described in step (a) by using cognitive stimulation structure that is connected to the assistive support device for the strict purpose of obtaining cognitive stimulation; and (c) using the assistive support device for the intended purpose of the assistive support device without removing the cognitive stimulation structure described in step (b) , whereby the person is stimulated cognitively without being separated from the assistive support device and without disabling the assistive support device from performing its intended purposes during the activity. These and various other advantages and features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed hereto and forming a part hereof. However, for a better understanding of the invention, its advantages, and the objects obtained by its use, reference should be made to the drawings which form a further part hereof, and to the accompanying descriptive matter, in which there is illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGURE 1 is a front perspective view of an assistive device system that is constructed according to a first embodiment of the present invention wherein the system is shown in a first operational configuration;

FIGURE 2 is a front perspective view of the system that is depicted in Figure 1, wherein the system is shown in a second operational configuration;

FIGURE 3 is a rear perspective view of the system shown in FIGURE 1, shown in a third operational configuration;

FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken through one portion of the system in the operational configuration shown in FIGURE 1 or FIGURE 3 ; FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken through one portion of the system in the operational configuration shown in FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 6 is a perspective view of another component of the system that is depicted in FIGURE 1-5; FIGURE 7A is a side elevational view of a telescoping leg in the system of FIGURE 1, shown in a first operational position;

FIGURE 7B is a side elevational view of the telescoping leg shown in FIGURE 7A, shown in a second operational position;

FIGURE 8A is a side elevational view of a foldable caster on the bottom of a telescoping leg, shown in a down position for use in the chair construction of FIGURE 1 and use in the rocker construction of FIGURE 3 ; FIGURE 8B is a side view of the foldable caster shown in FIGURE 8A on the bottom of a telescoping leg folded in an up position for use with in the chair construction of FIGURE 1 and use in the rocker construction of FIGURE 3; FIGURE 9 is a front perspective view of a removable headrest in the system of FIGURE 1; FIGURE 10 is a top view of a multi-function tray in the system of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 11 is a perspective view of a tactile stimulator module in the system of FIGURE 1; FIGURE 12 is a perspective view of a shape sorter module in the system of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 13 is a perspective view of a typing module in the system of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 14 is a perspective view of a communications board module in the system of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 15 is a top view of a portion of the series of pictures that may be displayed in the communications board module of FIGURE 14;

FIGURE 16 is a perspective view of a hand pulley exercise module;

FIGURE 17 is a perspective view of a bicycle pedal exercise module;

FIGURE 18 is a perspective view of a foot pump exercise module; FIGURE 19 is a perspective view of a hand wheel exercise module; and

FIGURE 20 is a perspective view of a hand squeeze exercise module.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT (S) Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding structure throughout the views, and referring in particular to FIGURE 1, according to the a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multipurpose activity and exercise system for providing sensory stimulation and physical exercise for physically challenged people is disclosed. The multi-purpose activity and exercise system is the preferred example of an apparatus that is adapted to assist a physically challenged person in performing tasks or functions that he or she could otherwise not do with the same degree of ease (hereinafter called an "assistive device") . The system may include, as will be described in greater detail below, a multi-function tray 250, one or more exercise modules 400, and one or more sensory stimulation or activity modules 300. The multi-function tray 250, the exercise modules 400, and the sensory stimulation modules 300 can be attached to the assistive device, and used by the person seated therein without forsaking the assistive device, or requiring the attention of a caregiver.

As will be discussed in greater detail below, the multi-purpose activity and exercise system 10 can be selectively adapted to provide a wide range of potential benefits. In particular it can be used by physically challenged people of different levels of challenge to provide the degree of physical exercise and sensory stimulation required by a specific person's condition to enhance the person's daily living independence and self- image. Physically challenged people include by definition a wide range of people, from frail, elderly people to quadriplegics and paraplegics. The term includes these people and other people who are substantially less able than able-bodied people such that an assistive device is required for daily life.

The assistive device 100 depicted in FIGURE 1 could alternatively be embodied as a geriatric chair (often called a geri chair) , a wheelchair, a rocker, or another device with similar attributes.

Referring to FIGURE 1, FIGURE 2, and FIGURE 3, assistive device 100 includes Right Vertical Panel 102, Left Vertical Panel 104, and Back Vertical Panel 106. Back Vertical Panel 106 interconnects with an aft section of Right Vertical Panel 102 and with the aft section of Left Vertical Panel 104. It is to be appreciated that Right Vertical Panel 102, Left Vertical Panel 104, and Back Vertical Panel 106 can be made as a single-piece device forming a unitary structure, or as a multiple piece device interconnected using tongue-and-groove, friction fit, snap fit, or other connection means forming a unitary structure. Right Vertical Panel 102, Left Vertical Panel 104, and Back Vertical Panel 106 are preferred to be made of materials having a high strength-to-weight ratio as well as good wear resistance. Assistive device 100 also includes a removable and interchangeable platform-type chair seat. As may be seen in FIGURE 4, FIGURE 5, & FIGURE 6,

Platform Seat 128 functions in the chair construction, the wheelchair construction, and the rocker construction of Assistive device 100. Platform Seat 128 includes Right Mount 130, Left Mount 132, Rear Mount 134, and Seat Belt 136. Rear Mount 134 slides into Rear Channel 116 of Back 106 and slides down into Rear Channel Slot 118 for coupling Rear Mount 134 with Rear Channel Slot 118. Right Mount 130 slides into Right Channel 120 of Right Vertical Panel 102, and slides down into Right Channel Slot 124 for coupling Right Mount 130 with Right Channel Slot 124. Left Mount 132 slides into Left Channel 122 (not shown) of Left Vertical Panel 104 and slides down into Left Channel Slot 126 (not shown) for coupling Left Mount 132 with Left Channel Slot 126. Seat Belt 136 can be used with Platform Seat 128 to support a person using Assistive device 100 at the waist.

Platform Seat 128 is preferred to be a rigid device made of materials having a high strength-to-weight ratio as well as good wear resistance. In addition, Platform Seat 128 is preferred to have a soft cushion material covering the seating area as well as a breathable, washable outer cover material covering the soft cushion material. It is to be appreciated that other designs are contemplated for incorporating a removable and interchangeable platform-type chair seat. For example, a platform-type chair seat having a right mount, a left mount, and a rear mount could connect over the top of the right vertical panel, left vertical panel, and the back vertical panel of the assistive device, or could connect over the top of the right vertical panel and the left vertical panel into the back vertical panel of the assistive device. By way of further example, a platform seat having a right mount and a left mount, thereby eliminating the rear mount, could connect with the right vertical panel and the left vertical panel of the assistive device, or could connect over the top of the right vertical panel and the left vertical panel of the assistive device. Referring to FIGURE 1 and FIGURE 3, assistive device 100 when in the operative configuration of a chair or a rocker includes Right Front Telescoping Leg 138, Left Front Telescoping Leg 140, Right Rear Telescoping Leg 142, and Left Rear Telescoping Leg 144 for adjusting the height of assistive device 100 for use by different size users in the chair construction or the rocker construction. It is to be appreciated that the four legs of assistive device 100 also can be standard legs. The operation of the Telescoping Legs is shown in FIGURES 7A and 7B . FIGURE 7A illustrates a typical telescoping leg arrangement wherein Left Front Telescoping Leg 140 is shown with the telescoping leg height adjusted to a full extension position. FIGURE 7B illustrates a typical telescoping leg arrangement wherein Left Front Telescoping Leg 140 is shown with the telescoping leg height adjusted to a partial extension position. Referring to FIGURE 2, assistive device 100 when in the operative configuration of a wheelchair includes Right Front Telescoping Leg 138, Left Front Telescoping Leg 140, Right Rear Telescoping Leg 142, and Left Rear Telescoping Leg 144 for adjusting the height of assistive device 100 for use by different size users in the wheelchair construction. The usual Larger Diameter Wheels 1004 customary for wheelchairs are connected with Axles 1006 to Rear Telescoping Legs 142 & 144. The usual Smaller Diameter Caster Wheel Sets 1008 customary for wheelchairs are connected to Front Telescoping Legs 138 & 140. FIGURE 7A illustrates a typical telescoping leg arrangement wherein Left Front Telescoping Leg 140 is shown with the telescoping leg height adjusted to a full extension position. FIGURE 7B illustrates a typical telescoping leg arrangement wherein Left Front Telescoping Leg 140 is shown with the telescoping leg height adjusted to a partial extension position. It is to be appreciated that the four legs of assistive device 100 also can be standard legs.

Referring to FIGURES 1 and 3, Assistive device 100 when in its first and third operational configurations includes Right Front Foldable Caster 146, Left Front

Foldable Caster 148, Right Rear Foldable Caster 150, and Left Rear Foldable Caster 152 to permit Assistive device 100 to be rolled when the foldable casters are folded down. FIGURE 8A illustrates a typical foldable caster arrangement wherein Left Front Foldable Caster 148 is shown in the folded down position. FIGURE 8B illustrates a typical foldable caster arrangement wherein Left Front Foldable Caster 148 is shown in the folded up position to preclude Assistive device 100 from rolling. Right Front Caster Lock 154, Left Front Caster Lock 156, Right Rear Caster Lock 158, and Left Rear Caster Lock 160 can be engaged to prevent the wheels of the foldable casters from turning, and can be disengaged to allow the wheels of the foldable casters to turn freely. Referring to FIGURE 1, FIGURE 2, and FIGURE 3,

Right Exercise Module Sleeve 162 defines a cylinder- shaped bearing surface passing through Right Front Telescoping Leg 138, and Left Exercise Module Sleeve 164 defines a cylinder- shaped bearing surface passing through Left Front Telescoping Leg 140. Exercise Module Connector 166 functions to interconnect either Bicycle Pedal Module 440 or a Foot Pump Module, described below, with Assistive device 100. Exercise Module Connector 166 includes Cylindrical Bar 168, Right End Cap 170, and Left End Cap 172. The two ends of Cylindrical Bar 168 are threaded for receiving Right End Cap 170 and Left End Cap 172 thereon. Cylindrical Bar 168 passes through Right Exercise Module Sleeve 162, through the rear stabilizer of either Bicycle Pedal Module 440 or Foot Pump Module 460 which has been positioned between Right Front Telescoping Leg 138 and Left Front Telescoping Leg

140, and through Left Exercise Module Sleeve 164. Right End Cap 170 and Left End Cap 172 are connected to Cylindrical Bar 168 to interconnect either Bicycle Pedal Module 440 or Foot Pump Module 460 with Assistive device 100. It is to be appreciated that other designs are contemplated for incorporating an exercise module connector. For example, an exercise module connector can use keys, pins, or other fastening means for securing the ends of the cylindrical bar with the right front telescoping leg and the left front telescoping leg. By way of further example, an exercise module connector can be configured to allow one axis, two axis, or three axis positioning of the exercise module relative to the assistive device.

Referring to FIGURE 3, Assistive device 100 includes Rocker Platform 174 when constructed in the rocker operative configuration. Rocker Platform 174 has a curved bottom. Rocker Platform 174 includes Right Front Leg

Receiver 176 for receiving Right Front Telescoping Leg 138, Left Front Leg Receiver 178 (not shown) for receiving Left Front Telescoping Leg 140, Right Rear Leg Receiver 180 for Receiving Right Rear Telescoping Leg 142, and Left Rear Leg Receiver 182 for Receiving Left Rear Telescoping Leg 144. Rocker Platform 174 also includes Right Front Rocker Stop 184, Left Front Rocker Stop 186 (not shown) , Right Rear Rocker Stop 188, and Left Rear Rocker Stop 190 that are pivotable into a down-locked position to prevent Assistive device 100 from rocking, and that are pivoted into an up- locked position to allow Assistive device 100 to rock freely. It is to be appreciated that either the two front rocker stops, the two rear rocker stops, or both the two front rocker stops and the two rear rocker stops can be pivoted into a down-locked position to prevent Assistive device 100 from rocking. The rocker stops also function to allow the rocker construction to be used in a chair construction without necessitating removal of Rocker Platform 174. Referring to FIGURE 1 through FIGURE 5, Assistive device 100 also includes Right Support 192 connected to the top section of Right Vertical Panel 102, and Left Support 194 connected to the top section of Left Vertical Panel 104. Right Support 192 includes Right Hand Grip 196 and Left Support 194 includes Left Hand Grip 198. Right Hand Grip 196 and Left Hand Grip 198 provide an ergonomically/friendly user interface to allow a person to support herself or himself when using Assistive device 100. Right Support 192 also includes Right Front Button Connector 200 (not shown) and Right Rear Button Connector 202 (not shown) for attaching items to Right Support 192. Left Support 194 also includes Left Front Button Connector 204 (not shown) and Left Rear Button Connector 206 (not shown) for attaching items to Left Support 194. As discussed below, Multi- Function Tray 250 is configurable with Assistive device 100 by sliding into Right Tray Channel 208 of Right Support 192 and into Left Tray Channel 210 (not shown) of Left Support 194. Right Tray Lock 212 and Left Tray Lock 214 secure Multi-Function Tray 250 in place after being positioned at the desired position along Right Tray Channel 208 and Left Tray Channel 210. It is to be appreciated that Right Vertical Panel 102 and Right Support 192 can be made as a single-piece device forming a unitary structure or as a multi-piece device interconnected using tongue-and-groove friction fit, snap fit, or other connection means forming a unitary structure. It is to be also appreciated that Left Vertical Panel 104 and Left Support 194 can be made as a single-piece device forming a unitary structure, or as a multi-piece device interconnected using tongue-and-groove, friction fit, snap fit, or other connection means forming a unitary structure. Right Support 192 and Left Support 194 are preferred to be made of materials having a high strength-to-weight ratio as well as good wear resistance.

Referring to FIGURE 9, Assistive device 100 also includes Headrest 216 for supporting a person's head. Headrest 216 includes Cushion 218 and Slide Coupler 220. Headrest 216 interconnects with Assistive device 100 by inserting Slide Coupler 220 into Back Panel Slot 222 located at the top of Back Vertical Panel 106. Headrest 216 is configured to be easily inserted into Back Panel Slot 222 and to be easily removed therefrom. Cushion 218 is preferred to be made of a soft inner core material surrounded by a removable outer cover material that is washable and breathable .

Referring to FIGURE 10, Multi-Function Tray 250 is configurable with Assistive device 100 and functions as a standard tray, as a platform for mounting sensory stimulation modules, and as a platform for mounting exercise modules. Multi-Function Tray 250 includes Tray Platform 252, Tray Bumper 254, Right Flange Mount 256, Left Flange Mount 258, Right Lock Grooves 260, Left Lock Grooves 262, and Module Mounts 264. Right Flange Mount 256 and Left Flange Mount 258 slidably connect with Right Tray Channel 208 and Left Tray Channel 210, respectively for coupling

Multi-Function Tray 250 with Assistive device 100. Multi- Function Tray 250 is adjustably positionable in Assistive device 100 by engaging Right Tray Lock 212 and Left Tray Lock 214 with Right Lock Grooves 260 and Left Lock Grooves 262, respectively, at the desired position to secure Multi- Function Tray 250 in place. Multi-Function Tray 250 slides out of the front of Assistive device 100 to allow a person to easily ingress the seating area and to easily egress the seating area of Assistive device 100. It is preferred that Multi-Function Tray 250 be secured with Assistive device 100 during all constructions of use. Module Mounts 264 on Tray Platform 252 are used to connect sensory stimulation modules and exercise modules with Multi-Function Tray 250. Module Mounts 264 are arranged in a matrix to allow the caregiver to selectively connect sensory stimulation modules and exercise modules at various positions on Tray Platform 252 to comfortably accommodate a range of person sizes. Tray Bumper 254 is preferred to have a smooth, curved surface that conformably aligns with Right Support 192 and Left Support 194 when Multi-Function Tray 250 is secured with Assistive device 100 in one of the adjustably positionable locked positions. It is to be appreciated that Multi- Function Tray 250 can be slidably positioned in Assistive device 100 such that Tray Bumper 254 can be forward of, in alignment with, or aft of the front of Right Support 192 and Left Support 194. Adjustably positionable Multi -Function Tray 250 allows Assistive device 100 to accommodate a range of person sizes in the chair construction, the wheelchair construction, and the rocker construction. Multi -Function Tray 250 is preferred to be made of material having a high strength-to-weight ratio and good wear resistance. In the chair construction, the platform seat is connected with the assistive device, each of the four foldable casters is folded to the up position, and each of the four telescoping legs is adjusted to the height appropriate for the person using the assistive device in the chair construction. The person using the assistive device is seated therein and secured to the platform seat using the seat belt. The multi-function tray is connected with the assistive device and is secured to the position appropriate for the person using the assistive device as a chair. The person using the assistive device in the chair construction can safely participate in various entertaining and sensory stimulation activities, and can safely participate in various physical exercises.

In the wheelchair construction, the platform seat is connected with the assistive device and each of the four telescoping legs is adjusted to the height appropriate for the person using the assistive device in the wheelchair construction. The person using the assistive device is seated therein and secured to the platform seat using the seat belt. The multi- function tray is connected with the assistive device and is secured to the position appropriate for the person using the assistive device as a wheelchair. The person using the assistive device in the wheelchair construction can safely participate in various entertaining and sensory stimulation activities, and can safely participate in various physical exercises. In the rocker construction, the platform seat is connected with the assistive device, each of the four foldable casters is folded to the up position, and each of the four telescoping legs is mounted to the rocker platform and adjusted to the height appropriate for the person using the assistive device in the rocker construction. The person using the assistive device is seated therein and secured to the platform seat using the seat belt. The multi-function tray is connected with the assistive device and is secured to the position appropriate for the person using the assistive device as a rocker. The rocker stops can be locked in the down position to prevent the person from rocking the assistive device. The person using the assistive device in the rocker construction can safely participate in various entertaining and mentally stimulating activities, and can safely participate in various physical exercises .

In the sensory stimulation mode, Multi-Purpose Activity and Exercise System 10 functions to stimulate a person's mind, to improve the person's cognitive skills, to improve the person's motor skills such as manual dexterity, and to relieve the person of boredom in a safe and comfortable environment . Many of the forms of sensory stimulation would be particularly beneficial to frail- elderly physically challenged people suffering from a form of dementia. Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 are configured to interconnect with Multi-Function Tray 250 in an ergonomically friendly position that can be easily accessed by a person seated in Assistive device 100 in the chair construction, the wheelchair construction, or the rocker construction. Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 can include various stimulation activities for mentally and physically challenged individuals, including familiar activities (e.g. typing), familiar textures, and games & puzzles that function to mentally stimulate and entertain physically challenged individuals. Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 can also include mental stimulation activities for persons having normal or high cognitive abilities, as well as activities to entertain individuals of all mental abilities. Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 can be mechanical, electrical, optical, electrooptical, or other devices . Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 can require a person using Multi-Purpose Activity and Exercise System 10 to use his hands and to exercise his fingers for improving physical flexibility and manual dexterity. It is to be appreciated that the embodiments of Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 described herein are representative of the diverse range of sensory stimulation modules contemplated by this invention. It is to be understood that the system may be configured so that the sensory stimulation modules and the exercise modules may both be accessible and usable simultaneously or sequentially without reconfiguring the system.

Referring to FIGURE 11, Tactile Stimulator Module 320 is an embodiment of Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 that functions as a mental stimulation type of sensory stimulation module, and that can be connected to Multi - Function Tray 250. Tactile Stimulator Module 320 includes Frame 322, Sample Board 324, Tactile Samples 326, Quick Release Connector 328, Quick Release Connector 330, Quick Release Connector 332, and Quick Release Connector 334. Tactile Stimulator Module 320 connects to Multi-Function Tray 250 using Quick Release Connector 328, Quick Release Connector 330, Quick Release Connector 332, and Quick Release Connector 334 to secure Frame 322 to Tray Platform 252. Tactile Samples 326 are mounted to Sample Board 324, and include materials that have a familiar feel or touch (e.g., textile materials and fabric materials) to tactily stimulate a person using Multi-Purpose Activity and Exercise System 10.

Referring to FIGURE 12, Shape Sorter Module 340 is an embodiment of Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 that functions as a mental stimulation type of activity module, and that can be connected to Multi-Function Tray 250. Shape Sorter Module 340 includes Frame 342, Sorter Board 344, Sorter Samples 346, Quick Release Connector 348, and Quick Release Connector 350. Shape Sorter Module 340 connects to Multi-Function Tray 250 using Quick Release Connector 348 and Quick Release Connector 350 to secure Frame 342 to Tray Platform 252. Sorter Samples 346 include different shaped objects (e.g., circles, squares, triangles) that can be inserted into corresponding holes in Sorter Board 344. As a person using the module successfully inserts a sorter sample in its corresponding hole in the sorter board, the module could produce an audible sound or a visual flash to stimulate, reward, or entertain the person. An alternate embodiment of Shape Sorter Module 340 can use multiple pieces to make up a single Sorter Sample 346. Such multiple pieces can be shaped such that replacing an individual Sorter Sample 346 is a puzzle. As a person using the module successfully completes each puzzle the module could again produce an audible sound or a visual flash to stimulate, reward, or entertain the person. Another alternative embodiment of Shape Sorter Module 340 can include various locks, such as chain locks and dead-bolt locks, and corresponding keys to open various locks. As a person using the module successfully opens and closes the various locks, the module could produce a musical response to stimulate, reward, or entertain that person. Shape Sorter Module 340 also functions to require the person using the module to use his hands, wrists, and arms in a manner which improves that person's physical flexibility and manual dexterity.

Referring to FIGURE 13, Typing Module 360 is an embodiment of Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 that functions as a recognizable simulated daily living activity for entertaining a person and for stimulating that person's sensory functions. Typing Module 360 can be connected with Multi-Function Tray 250. Typing Module 360 includes Keyboard 362, Paper Roller 364, Tab Positioner 368, and a pair of Quick Release Connectors (not shown) . Typing Module 360 connects to Multi-Function Tray 250 using the Quick Release Connectors. Typing Module 360 allows a person to interact with familiar features of a typewriter for entertaining and stimulating a person's sensory functions using Multi-Purpose Activity and Exercise System 10. An alternative embodiment of Typing Module 360 can include a calculator, a keyboard, and a telephone that allows a person to simulate working in an office for entertaining that person and for stimulating that person's sensory functions. Referring to FIGURE 14, Communications Board Module 380 is an embodiment of Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 that functions as a communication device to permit a person to easily communicate requests or instructions relating to various daily living activities, and that can be connected with Multi-Function Tray 250. Communication Board Module 380 includes Message Board 382, Picture Holders 384, Message Pictures (not shown), Quick Release Connector 388, and Quick Release Connector 390. Communications Board Module 380 connects to Multi-Function Tray 250 using Quick Release Connector 388 and Quick Release Connector 390. The Message Pictures include a series of pictures expressing recognizable daily living routines to enable a person having speech difficulties to communicate with a caregiver by physically pointing to a picture corresponding to the subject matter or idea that he wishes to communicate. In addition, Communication Board Module 380 enables a caregiver to communicate with a person having hearing difficulties by physically pointing to a picture corresponding to the subject matter or idea the caregiver wishes to communicate. For example, when a person having speech difficulties is hungry he can point to a picture of a plate and eating utensils, or when that person is tired he can point to a picture of a bed. As illustrated in FIGURE 15, it is preferred that Message Pictures 386 include a series of pictures that is easily removable to allow the Communications Board Module 380 to be easily configurable with a series of pictures adapted for the person using the module. An alternative embodiment of Communications Board Module 380 can include an information handling system having a touch-sensitive display panel that incorporates a program to facilitate communication through hierarchical pull down menus to allow a person to communicate a very large number of ideas. Another alternate embodiment particularly useful in a nursing home for Communications Board Module 380 can include an information handling system that incorporates a program that enables communication via an electronic or optical connection to a community bulletin board. In the exercise mode, Multi-Purpose Activity and

Exercise System 10 functions to stimulate muscles of elderly, frail, non-ambulatory, and other physically challenged people through a variety and range of physical exercises in a safe and comfortable environment . For exercising a person's upper body, Exercise Modules 400 can be connected with Multi-Function Tray 250 in an ergonomically-friendly position that is easily accessible by a person using Assistive device 100. For exercising a person's lower body, Exercise Modules 400 can be connected with Right Front Telescoping Leg 138 and Left Front

Telescoping Leg 140 in an ergonomically-friendly position that is easily accessible by a person using Assistive device 100 in the chair, wheelchair, and rocker constructions. Exercise Modules 400 can have applications directed at increasing aerobic endurance and cardiovascular health, maintaining or increasing muscle mass, improving the flexibility of muscles and joints, and increasing strength. Such exercises, especially those directed at cardiovascular health, can be particularly beneficial to frail-elderly people. Exercise Modules 400 include various mechanical, electrical, optical, electrooptical- mechanical, or other physical exercise devices that can be adjusted in intensity to the limitations and abilities of the person doing the exercise. In addition, special mechanisms can be attached to the exercise module to support the physically challenged person's body, to enable the physically challenged person to lift a foot, hand, or other body part into an exercise control (such as a pedal or handle) , and to enable the physically challenged person's foot, hand, or other body part to remain attached to the pedal or handle during the exercise. In particular, Exercise Modules 400 can be appropriately adjusted for a frail-elderly person by reducing or increasing the strength required to perform a particular exercise in view of the person's condition. It is to be appreciated that the embodiments of Exercise Modules 400 described herein are representative of the diverse range of exercise modules contemplated by this invention

Referring to FIGURE 16, Hand Pulley Module 420 functions as an upper body resistance exerciser to strengthen a person's wrists, forearms, upper arms, and shoulders, and to improve the physical flexibility of that person's wrists, elbows, and shoulder joints. Hand Pulley Module 420 includes Housing 422, Elastic Pulley 424, Handle 426, Bracket Mount 428, Quick Release Connector 430, and Quick Release Connector 432. Hand Pulley Module 420 can be rigidly mounted on Multi-Function Tray 250 using Quick Release Connector 430 and Quick Release Connector 432 to connect Bracket Mount 428 with two of Module Mounts 264 with the angular position of the module relative to the user being at an angle that is comfortable for exercising. Alternatively, Hand Pulley Module 420 can be pivotally mounted on Multi-Function Tray 250 using either Quick Release Connector 430 or Quick Release Connector 432 to connect Bracket Mount 428 with one of Module Mounts 264 with the angular position of the module relative to the user being at an angle that is comfortable for exercising. It is to be appreciated that Hand Pulley Module 420 can be a series of individual hand pulley devices requiring different levels of strength to operate. It is to be further appreciated that the series of individual hand pulleys can be color-coded to identify the level of strength required to operate each individual hand pulley. It is to be still further appreciated that individual hand pulley devices can be variable resistance type hand pulley devices requiring variable levels of strength to operate during the repetition cycle. It is to be still further appreciated that an individual hand pulley device can be interchangeably configured with elastic bands requiring different levels of strength to operate. It is to be still further appreciated that the elastic bands can be color-coded to identify the level of strength required to operate each individual elastic band. Referring to FIGURE 17, Bicycle Pedal Module 440 functions as a lower body resistance exerciser to strengthen and improve a person's cardiovascular performance, to improve the strength and flexibility of a person's ankles, knees, legs, and hips, to enhance his mobility, and to enhance his ability to walk. Bicycle Pedal Module 440 includes Front Stabilizer 442, Telescoping Frame 444, Extension Adjuster 446, Rear Stabilizer 448, Hub Assembly 450, Right Foot Pedal Assembly 452, Left Foot Pedal Assembly 454, Right Toe Clip 456. Left Toe Clip 458, Variable Resistance Adjuster 460, Odometer 462, Foot 464, Foot 466, Foot 468, and Foot 470. Rear Stabilizer 448 is positioned between Right Front Telescoping Leg 138 and Left Front Telescoping Leg 140. One end of Exercise Module Connector 168 is passed through Right Exercise Module Sleeve 162, through Rear Stabilizer 448, and through Left Exercise Module Sleeve 164. Right End Cap 170 and Left End Cap 172 are connected to the ends of Exercise Module Connector 168 to secure Bicycle Pedal Module 440 in place between Right Front Telescoping Leg 138 and Left Front Telescoping Leg 140. Right Toe Clip 456 and Left Toe Clip 458 enable a person to maintain his feet in a substantially fixed position relative to the pedals of Right Foot Pedal Assembly 452 and Left Foot Pedal Assembly 454 when exercising using Bicycle Pedal Module 440. The strength required to operate Bicycle Pedal Module 440 can by adjusted using Variable Resistance Adjuster 460 located on Hub Assembly 450. The distance pedaled is indicated by Odometer 462, which may also be positioned so as to be more conveniently viewed by the user, such as on the tray. Bicycle Pedal Module 440 can be safely and comfortably used by different size persons by adjusting each of Right Front Telescoping Leg 138, Left Front Telescoping Leg 140, Right Rear Telescoping Leg 142, and Left Rear Telescoping Leg 144 to the required height, and by adjusting Telescoping Frame 444 to the required extension. It is preferred that Foot 464. Foot 466, Foot 468, and Foot 470 each be made of slip-resistant rubber material to prevent Bicycle Pedal Module 480 from sliding on the floor or other surface on which the module is being used.

Referring to FIGURE 18, Foot Pump Module 480 functions as a lower body resistance exerciser to strengthen and improve a person's cardiovascular performance, to improve the flexibility of a person's ankles, knees, legs, and hips, to enhance his mobility, and to enhance his ability to walk. Foot Pump Module 480 includes Front Stabilizer 482, Telescoping Frame 484, Extension Adjuster 486, Rear Stabilizer 488, Hub Assembly 490, Right Foot Pump Assembly 492, Left Foot Pump Assembly 494, Right Toe Clip 496 (not shown) , Left Toe Clip 498 (not shown) , Variable Resistance Adjuster 500, Counter 502, Foot 504, Foot 506, Foot 508, and Foot 510. Rear Stabilizer 488 is positioned between Right Front Telescoping Leg 138 and Left Front

Telescoping Leg 140. One ' end of Exercise Module Connector 168 is passed through Right Exercise Module Sleeve 162, through Rear Stabilizer 488, and through Left Exercise Module Sleeve 164. Right End Cap 170 and Left End Cap 172 are connected to the ends of Exercise Module Connector 166 to secure Foot Pump Module 480 in place between Right Front Telescoping Leg 138 and Left Front Telescoping Leg 140. Right Toe Clip 496 and Left Toe Clip 498 enable a person to maintain his feet in a substantially fixed position relative to the foot pegs of Right Foot Pump Assembly 492 and Left Foot Pump Assembly 494 when exercising using Foot Pump Module 480. The strength required to operate Foot Pump Module 480 can be adjusted using Variable Resistance Adjuster 500 located on Hub Assembly 490. The number of foot pump cycles is indicated by Counter 502, which may also be positioned in a location that is more easily observed by the user, such as on the tray. Foot Pump Module 480 can be safely and comfortably used by different size persons by adjusting each of Right Front Telescoping Leg 138, Left Front Telescoping Leg 140, Right Rear Telescoping Leg 142, and Left Rear Telescoping Leg 144 to the required height and by adjusting Telescoping Frame 484 to the required extension. It is preferred that Foot 504, Foot 506, Foot 508, and Foot 510 each be made of slip-resistant rubber material to prevent Foot Pump Module 480 from sliding on the floor or other surface on which the module is being used. An alternate embodiment of Foot Pump Module 480 can attach to the Multi-Function Tray 250 and permit similar exercise with the hands to benefit the person's upper body.

Referring to FIGURE 19, Hand Wheel Module 520 functions as an upper body resistance exerciser to strengthen and improve a person's aerobic endurance and to improve flexibility of the person's wrists, forearms, elbows, upper arms, and shoulders. Hand wheel Module 520 includes Frame 522, Tray Mount 524, Hub Assembly 526, Right Hand Grip Assembly 528, Left Hand Grip Assembly 530 (not shown), Quick Release Connector 532, Quick Release Connector 534, Variable Resistance Adjuster 536, and Odometer 538. Hand wheel Module 520 is mounted on Multi-Function Tray 250 using Quick Release Connector 532 and Quick Release Connector 534 to connect Bracket Mount 524 with two of Module Mounts 264. The strength required to operate Hand Wheel Module 520 can by adjusted using Variable Resistance Adjuster 536 located on Hub Assembly 526. The distance pedaled (or the number of revolutions) is indicated by Odometer 538. Hand Wheel Module 520 can be safely and comfortably used by different persons by adjusting the position of Multi-Function Tray 250 to an extension appropriate for the person using Hand Wheel Module 520. It is to be appreciated that means can be added to Hand Wheel Module 520 for changing the height of the module.

Referring to FIGURE 20, Hand Squeeze Module 560 functions as an ergonomically-shaped hand exerciser to strengthen and improve flexibility of a person's hands, wrists, and forearms. Hand Squeeze Module 560 includes Frame 562, Finger Grip 564, Top Slide 566, Bottom Slide 568, Top Adjustable Piston 570, Bottom Adjustable Piston 572, Top Spring 574 (not shown) , Bottom Spring 576 (not shown) , Strap 578, Ring 580, and Quick Release Connector 582. Hand Squeeze Module 560 is mounted on Multi-Function Tray 250 using Quick Release Connector 582 to connect Ring 578 with any one of Module Mounts 264. Alternatively, Hand Squeeze Module 560 can be attached to Right Hand Grip 196 by first passing the free end of Strap 578 through Right Hand Grip 196 and then passing Hand Squeeze Module 560 through the loop of Strap 578, or it can be attached to Left Hand Grip 198 by first passing the free end of Strap 578 through Left Hand Grip 198 and then passing Hand Squeeze Module 560 through the loop of Strap 578. When mounted on Multi- Function Tray 250, Hand Squeeze Module 560 is configured to freely pivot around Ring 578 to allow a person using the module to easily adjust the position of the module for exercising. Frame 562 is ergonomically-shaped to conform with the palm of a person's hand, and Hand Grip 564 is ergonomically-shaped to conform with the fingers of a person's hand. In addition, Hand Squeeze Module 560 is configurable for use by persons having different size hands by positioning Finger Grip 564 in the adjustment slots of Top Adjustable Piston 570 and Bottom Adjustable Piston 572 appropriate for comfortable use by the person using Hand Squeeze Module 560. To change the strength required to operate Hand Squeeze Module 560, Top Slide 566 and Bottom Slide 568 are each removable from Frame 562 to facilitate changing Top Spring 574 and Bottom Spring 576 with springs having a different spring rate. It is to be appreciated Hand Squeeze Module 560 can be a series of individual hand squeeze devices which does not include the interchangeable spring feature described above, but which does require differing strengths to operate. It is to be further appreciated that Hand Squeeze Module 560 can be a series of individual hand squeeze devices which does not include the adjustable finger grip feature described above, but which does accommodate different size hands. It is to be still further appreciated that the series of individual hand squeeze devices can be color-coded to identify the level of strength required to operate each individual hand squeeze device. It is to be still further appreciated that the springs used as Top Spring 574 and Bottom Spring 576 can be color-coded to identify the level of strength required to operate Hand Squeeze Module 560. In the combined exercise and sensory stimulation mode, Multi-Purpose Activity and Exercise System 10 functions in the chair construction, the wheelchair construction, and the rocker construction to provide sensory stimulative incentives for a physically challenged person to exercise. The sensory stimulative activity produces a response which is a function of the exercise activity, and which rewards the physically challenged person for performing the exercise. One or more Exercise Modules 400 can be attached to Assistive device 100 as previously described for the exercise mode. Exercise Modules 400 can have applications directed at increasing aerobic endurance and cardiovascular health, maintaining or increasing muscle mass, improving the flexibility of muscles and joints, and increasing strength. Such exercises, especially those directed at cardiovascular health, can be particularly beneficial to rail-elderly people. Exercise Modules 400 include various mechanical, electrical, optical, electro- optical-mechanical, or other physical exercise devices that can be adjusted in intensity to the limitations and abilities of the person doing the exercise. In addition, special mechanisms can be attached to the exercise module to support the physically challenged person's body, to enable the physically challenged person to lift a foot, hand, or other body part into an exercise control (such as a pedal or handle), and to enable the physically challenged person's foot, hand, or other body part to remain attached to the pedal or handle during the exercise. In particular, Exercise Modules 400 and 500 can be appropriately adjusted for a frail-elderly person by reducing or increasing the strength required to perform a particular exercise in view of the person's condition. It is to be appreciated that the embodiments of Exercise Modules described herein for the combined mode are representative of the diverse range of exercise modules contemplated by this invention.

In addition, one or more Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 can be attached to Assistive device 100 as previously described for the sensory stimulation mode. Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 can include various stimulation activities, for physically challenged individuals, which are adapted to provide a sensory response which is a function of the exercise. Such modules can include familiar activities (e.g. typing), familiar textures, games & puzzles, and other activities that are adapted to provide the desired rewarding response. Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 can be mechanical, electrical, optical, electro-optical-mechanical, or other devices. Typical responses providing an incentive reward can be entertaining music, the automatic advancement of game pieces or other successful advancement in a game, or the display of ones name on an electronic community bulletin board for exercise above a certain level, or other responses which reward the person. It is to be appreciated that the embodiments of Sensory Stimulation Modules 300 described herein are representative of the diverse range of sensory stimulation modules contemplated by the present invention.

To reiterate, the multi-purpose activity and exercise system functions in an exercise mode, a sensory stimulation mode, and a combined exercise and sensory stimulation mode. In the exercise mode, exercise modules can be easily assimilated into the assistive device. Such modules are attached to the multi-function tray, or directly to the assistive device itself, to allow the person to safely engage in a series of physical exercises. The modules become part of the environment of the assistive device environment and do not require dedication of the environment of the assistive device to the modules. For example, a person using the wheelchair construction is not precluded from rolling up to a sink or toilet while the exercise modules are in place. In addition, if the person were in a nursing home, the person would have the freedom to visit friends or to participate in recreation groups run by the home for the residents—again, while the exercise modules are in place. In the exercise mode the physically challenged person is able to exercise his or her body including ankles, legs, hips, hands, wrists, arms, shoulders, and other parts of the body utilizing a range of aerobic or resistance devices. The exercises which use aerobic devices particularly provide for the more critical cardiovascular needs of a physically challenged person described in the Background of the Invention.

In the sensory stimulation mode, sensory stimulation modules can be easily assimilated into the assistive device. Modules can be attached to the multifunction tray, or directly to the assistive device itself, to allow a physically challenged person suffering from a sensory debilitating condition to engage in a series of sensory stimulative activities. As described in the background, such conditions are common among frail-elderly physically challenged people. Sensory stimulative activities particularly focus on cognitive stimulative activities and include puzzles, shapes sorters, keys and locks, tactile stimulative processes, and other similar activities. Modules that allow a person to connect with his or her past, such as a simulated typewriter or a calculator, can be attached to the multi-function tray and can function to stimulate the person's mind and to stimulate the use of the person's hands to improve his or her manual dexterity. Again, as described for the exercise modules, the sensory stimulation modules become part of the environment of the assistive device and do not require dedication of the environment of the assistive device to the modules. For example a person using the wheelchair construction is not precluded from rolling up to a sink or toilet while the sensory stimulation modules are in place. In addition, if the person were in a nursing home, the person would have the freedom to visit friends or to participate in recreation groups run by the home for the residents—again, while the sensory stimulation modules are in place.

In the combined exercise and sensory stimulation mode, exercise modules and sensory stimulation modules can be easily and concurrently assimilated into the assistive device. Such modules are attached to the multi-function tray, or directly to the assistive device itself, to allow the person to safely engage in concurrent physical exercise activity and sensory stimulation activity. The modules become part of the environment of the assistive device and do not require dedication of the environment of the assistive device to the modules. For example, a person using the wheelchair construction is not precluded from rolling up to a sink or toilet while the exercise and sensory stimulation modules remain in place. In addition if the person were in a nursing home, the person would have the freedom to visit friends or to participate in recreation groups run by the home for the residents—again, while the exercise and sensory stimulation modules are in place.

The combined exercise and sensory stimulation mode particularly permits using the sensory stimulation activity to provide an incentive for the exercise activity. As described above, the need for such interactive incentive is particularly important for a physically challenged person because virtually all exercise is repetitive, difficult, and often painful. Without the incentive, most physically challenged people, especially the frail-elderly, would find exercise too difficult or too painful to exercise in the manner needed for their condition. The present invention offers the opportunity to overcome the pain and make exercise enjoyable within the assistive device.

It is to be understood, however, that even though numerous characteristics and advantages of the present invention have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and function of the invention, the disclosure is illustrative only, and changes may be made in detail, especially in matters of shape, size and arrangement of parts within the principles of the invention to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms in which the appended claims are expressed.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. An assistive device for permitting a physically challenged person to accomplish things that he or she otherwise could not easily do, comprising: assistive means for helping the person accomplish a basic task that is not strictly for the purpose of obtaining exercise; and exercise means, connected to said assistive means, for enabling the person to engage in a predetermined exercise activity without having to forsake said assistive means, and wherein said exercise means and said assistive means are constructed and connected together in such a manner that the presence of said exercise means does not significantly diminish the efficacy of said assistive means for its intended purpose.

2. An assistive device according to claim 1, wherein said assistive means comprises a support apparatus that helps support the person when the person is not lying down .

3. An assistive device according to claim 2, wherein said assistive means comprises a wheelchair.

4. An assistive device according to claim 2, wherein said assistive means comprises a stationary chair.

5. An assistive device according to claim 2, wherein said assistive device comprises a rocker.

6. An assistive device according to claim 2, wherein said exercise means comprises an exercise module that is removably mounted to said support apparatus .

7. An assistive device according to claim 6, wherein said support apparatus is equipped with a tray for eating or the like, and said exercise module is attachable to said apparatus in place of said tray.

8. An assistive device according to claim 6, wherein said support apparatus is equipped with a tray for eating or the like, and said exercise module is attachable to said tray.

9. An assistive device according to claim 6, wherein said exercise module comprises means for aerobically exercising the person's upper body.

10. An assistive device according to claim 6, wherein said exercise module comprises means for aerobically exercising the person's lower body.

11. An assistive device according to claim 1, wherein said exercise means comprises an exercise module that is removably mounted to said assistive device.

12. An assistive device according to claim 11, further comprising a sensory stimulation module, connectable to said assistive device, for providing the person with an opportunity for cognitive ' stimulation.

13. An assistive device according to claim 1, wherein said exercise means is for enabling the person to engage in aerobic exercise.

14. An assistive device according to claim 1, further comprising releasable means for supporting the person with respect to the assistive means when exercising with said exercise means.

15. An assistive device for permitting a physically challenged person to accomplish things that he or she otherwise could not easily do, comprising: assistive means for helping the person accomplish a basic task that is not strictly for the purpose of obtaining sensory stimulation; and sensory stimulation means, connected to said assistive means, for enabling the person to engage in a predetermined cognitive activity without having to forsake said assistive means, and wherein said sensory stimulation means and said assistive means are constructed and connected together in such a manner that the presence of said sensory stimulation means does not significantly diminish the efficacy of said assistive means for its intended purpose.

16. An assistive device according to claim 15, wherein said assistive means comprises a support apparatus that helps support the person when the person is not lying down.

17. An assistive device according to claim 16, wherein said assistive means comprises a wheelchair.

18. An assistive device according to claim 16, wherein said assistive means comprises a stationary chair.

19. An assistive device according to claim 16, wherein said assistive device comprises a rocker.

20. An assistive device according to claim 15, wherein said sensory stimulation means comprises a sensory stimulation module that is removably mounted to said support apparatus .

21. An assistive device according to claim 20, wherein said support apparatus is equipped with a tray for eating or the like, and said sensory stimulation module is attachable to said apparatus in place of said tray.

22. An assistive device according to claim 20, wherein said support apparatus is equipped with a tray for eating or the like, and said sensory stimulation module is attachable to said tray.

23. A method of providing aerobic exercise to a person who is physically challenged and requires an assistive support device to accomplish certain basic non- exercise related tasks, comprising steps of:

(a) positioning the person so the person can use the assistive support device for the intended purpose of the device;

(b) having the person engage in aerobic exercise without leaving the position described in step (a) by using an exercise structure that is connected to the assistive support device for the purpose of obtaining exercise; and

(c) using the assistive support device for the intended purpose of the assistive support device without removing the exercise structure described in step (b) , whereby the person is permitted to exercise aerobically without being separated from the assistive support device and without disabling the assistive support device from performing its intended purposes during the exercise.

24. A method according to claim 23, wherein step

(c) is performed simultaneously with step (b) .

25. A method according to claim 23, wherein step (b) comprises having the person engage in aerobic exercise of the upper body.

26. A method according to claim 23, wherein step

(b) comprises having the person engage in aerobic exercise of the lower body.

27. A method according to claim 23, further comprising the step of attaching the exercise structure to the assistive support device prior to step (b) .

28. A method according to claim 23, further comprising the steps of (I) removing a tray unit from the assistive support device prior to step (b) ; and (ii) connecting the exercise structure to the assistive support device in place of the tray unit.

29. A method according to claim 23, wherein the assistive support device includes a tray unit, and further comprising the step of connecting the exercise structure to the tray unit prior to step (b) .

30. A method according to claim 23, further comprising a step of providing active cognitive stimulation to the person with a cognitive stimulation unit that is connected to said assistive support device, and wherein this step is performed without leaving the position described in step (a) and without disabling the assistive support device from performing its intended purposes during the exercise or cognitive stimulation.

31. A method of providing active cognitive stimulation to a person who is physically challenged and requires an assistive support device to accomplish certain basic non-exercise related tasks, comprising steps of: (a) positioning the person so the person can use the assistive support device for the intended purpose of the device;

(b) having the person engage in cognitive activity without leaving the position described in step (a) by using cognitive stimulation structure that is connected to the assistive support device for the purpose of obtaining cognitive stimulation; and (c) using the assistive support device for the intended purpose of the assistive support device without removing the cognitive stimulation structure described in step (b) , whereby the person is stimulated cognitively without being separated from the assistive support device and without disabling the assistive support device from performing its intended purposes during the activity.

32. A method according to claim 31, wherein step (c) is performed simultaneously with step (b) .

33. A method according to claim 31, further comprising the step of attaching the cognitive stimulation structure to the assistive support device prior to step (b) .

34. A method according to claim 31, further comprising the steps of (I) removing a tray unit from the assistive support device prior to step (b) ; and (ii) connecting the cognitive stimulation structure to the assistive support device in place of the tray unit.

35. A method according to claim 31, wherein the assistive support device includes a tray unit, and further comprising the step of connecting the cognitive stimulation structure to the tray unit prior to step (b) .