WO1997036793A1

WO1997036793A1 - Sealable lid for a drinks can

Info

Publication number: WO1997036793A1
Application number: PCT/DE1997/000673
Authority: WO
Inventors: Lutz Strube
Original assignee: Schmalbach-Lubeca Ag
Priority date: 1996-04-02
Filing date: 1997-04-02
Publication date: 1997-10-09
Also published as: DE59702456D1; DE19613256B4; AU2633697A; ES2153190T3; PL186632B1; DE19613256A1; CZ302898A3; CZ297259B6; EP0892742B1; PL328963A1; ATE196886T1; EP0892742A1; GR3035087T3; DK0892742T3; PT892742E

Abstract

The invention concerns a lid for sealing a sheet metal drinks can, a sealing element (102) being associated with this lid. Within its surface, the lid comprises a breakable region which is delimited by a notched line (103) and is surrounded by a cylindrical central wall (106) of a central enclosure (W). The sealing element comprises a corresponding cylindrical part (112) which engages in the central wall. Engagement and counter-engagement elements (115, 109), which co-operate in the manner of a bayonnet closure, are provided at the base of the cylindrical walls. Pressure elements and pressure surfaces (117, 116), which are designed and arranged such that when the sealing element is rotated relative to the lid, the notched line is made to break open (104) and the pouring aperture is released, are further provided at the base of the sealing element and at the base of the lid surface (111), these pressure elements and pressure surfaces co-operating with one another in the axial direction. An edge flange (139) of the sealing element is urged sealingly with appropriate pre-stress onto an annular surface (107) at the upper end of the central enclosure (W) of the lid by rotation.

Description

Lockable lid for a beverage can

The invention relates to a lid for a beverage can, as they are usually made of sheet metal.

5

Such beverage cans which can be closed by lids are on the market in various embodiments. There are versions in which a punched pouring opening with a tearable opening closure is provided in the lid mirror. In other embodiments, a region which can be pressed in and is delimited by a line of scoring or notching is provided in the lid mirror and can be torn out or pressed in by means of a lever-like grip tab in order to expose the pouring opening. The area that can be pressed in can be completely detachable from the cover mirror or can be permanently connected to it, that is to say captively.

15

A problem with such beverage cans is that they cannot be resealed sufficiently tightly in cases where the contents are not emptied all at once. However, this would be necessary if the content was to be removed in portions and at intervals without significant loss of quality.

20th

It is an object of the invention to propose a lid for common beverage cans, which enables the can to be resealed sufficiently tightly after the first removal of a portion of the beverage. to add another part at a later point in time and without any significant loss of quality or:? to be able to remove the rest of the drink.

In a further development, this lid is to be designed especially in the event that the pouring opening is only exposed by breaking open a scratch or score line.

30 The first part of this task is solved by a cover according to claim 1.

All elements on the cover side that serve for reclosing are located within the edge of the cover ("wall"), so that the cover can be used to seal common cans. Due to the engagement or disengagement which can be brought into and out of engagement by relative rotation of the closure element 35 and the cover

Counter-engagement elements on the inside of the wall and the outside of the closure can be applied with a sufficiently high closing force for tightly reclosing the pouring opening. Are particularly suitable Intervention or counter-engagement elements working and designed in the manner of a bayonet catch.

Like the lid, the stopper-shaped closure can be made of metal. But it can also be made from another dimensionally stable material.

A preferred embodiment of the cover according to the invention is obtained according to claim 4. In this embodiment, particularly high closing forces and thus a particularly reliable sealing function can be achieved when the opening is reclosed. The area of the core wall of the wall wetted during pouring out of the beverage (claim 12, claim 13) can be completely covered by the closure element during reclosure (claim 5), wherein a stiffened edge area surrounds the sealing plug which is on the upper edge of the wall (comb) with tension.

A particular advantage of the embodiment according to claim 6 or claim 7 is that the design is particularly suitable for lids in which the pouring opening is only exposed by breaking in a score or score line. Here, the relative rotary movement of the bayonet-like interlocking engagement and counter-engagement elements can be used for controlled breaking in and exposing the opening. The breaking-in process requires only a very small amount of force, since the rotational movement and the positive engagement of the parts rotating relative to each other result in a considerable increase in force.

The arrangement of a pressure element on the bottom of the closure and an associated pressure surface (claim 7) on the cover mirror transmits the low torques as a high axial pressure force on the scoring or notching line to break it open.

The number of printing elements and printing areas can vary, at least two can be provided. Advantageously, three pressure elements and pressure surfaces can be arranged in relation to one another, which then stand in pairs at an angle of approximately 120 ° (± 30 °) on the underside of the closure element and on the top of the cover mirror. If ring groove segments are arranged with an increasing base in the cover mirror (claim 17, 20), corresponding punctiform cams can be guided on the closure base of the closure element in the ring groove segments and, when the closure element rotates, continuously greater forces are required to break open onto the opening section of the cover mirror exercised In the rest position (unopened position) the cams of the closure element lie in the deepest areas of the ringing segments

A maximum and at the same time continuously starting force is achieved during the opening movement if the deepest section of an annular groove segment lies near or directly opposite the articulation point which is formed between the opening area of the lid mirror and the remaining residual lid mirror, outside the annular groove segments, however within the core wall (claim 19)

A raised control cam can be arranged in the cover mirror between the ring groove segments in order to achieve a large pivoting angle of the opening area during the rotary movement (claim 18). 18) to form ring groove segments and raised break-up cams inserted therein If all the cams in the closure base have the same height in the direction of the cover mirror of the cover and the ring groove segments in the cover mirror each have the same gradient, the shear opening force becomes during the rotational movement of the closure cap exerted at angular intervals on the break-open section of the cover mirror, so that it breaks safely along the score line

The above-described safe breaking action on the score line is achieved with a clear angle of rotation which corresponds to the length of the ring groove segments in the cover mirror. A clear rotational movement produces with a slight axial displacement of the

Break-open section of the lid mirror a high opening force, the cams in the bottom of the closure work together with the gradient of the ring groove segments in the lid mirror After breaking open, no large axial forces occur, instead the broken opening area should be at a wide angle downwards (below the level of Lid mirror) can be swiveled in to achieve full exposure of the pouring opening.This is achieved by the above-mentioned additional control cam in the lid mirror, which points outwards, working together with one of the break-open cams on the bottom of the lock, which break-open cam points downwards Lid mirror arranged close to the joint (claim 21) so the cooperation of the cam formed in opposite directions (control cam and burglar cam) allow a wide swivel angle with only a short angle of rotation The opening movement is thus subdivided into a circumferentially strong rotary movement with an axially small effect for breaking open and a circumferentially short path when sliding over or touching the mentioned swivel-up cam pair for clear swiveling in with a considerable axial path for exposing the opening.

When inserting the closure cap into the ring wall, the inner wall of which is the core wall, no breaking is to be brought about, which is why none in the direction of the opening movement between the axially directed insertion channels for the engagement elements on the cylindrical inner wall of the closure and the first annular groove segment the opening causing pressure elements or jerking elements are provided, rather it is ensured in the manufacture by later shaping of the cams on the bottom of the closure that an initially small insertion angle for locking the closure with the lid can be carried out without performing any burglary effect on the break-in section. For this purpose, the break-open cams arranged on the bottom of the closure are only molded in after the closure has been inserted and the closure has been locked on the cover mirror in such a way that each of these cams come to lie in the corresponding deepest point of the ring groove segments, which is preferably behind the control cam mentioned on the cover mirror is.

In the case of simplified production, a fully circumferential annular groove can be introduced in the closure base, which is directed away from the cover mirror, so that it can be inserted and initially rotated by the locking angle sigma (σ) and only afterwards the break-open cams for the cover mirror are formed in the circumferential groove on the closure base but have no effect as they reach into the recessed areas of the ring groove segments.

Exemplary embodiments explain and complete the invention

Figure 1 shows in a perspective exploded position and in

Sectional view of a first exemplary embodiment of a cover with closure 102

FIG. 2 shows a modified embodiment of the cover according to FIG. 1 with another closure 125

3 shows a section of the cover according to FIG. 2 while the scratch or notch line 104 breaks in the cover mirror 111

Figure 4 in supervision the lid of Figure 1 without the associated closure element

1 5

Figure 5 is an example of a cover with more than two, here with three arcuate depressions 117a, 117b, 117c, evenly distributed within the core wall 106 and formed obliquely ascending

FIG. 6 is the closure element 125 corresponding to FIG. 5, also with three circumferentially elongated receiving grooves 116a, 116b, 116c, each with point-shaped cams 151a, 151b, 151c arranged therebetween, for engaging in the arcuate depressions 117 according to FIG. 5

Figure 7 illustrates the assembled state when the

5, wherein the closed state is shown, in which the closure-side cam 151a comes to rest in the deepest point of the cover-side arch depression 117b, directly or close to the joint 140

30

The lid 101 is preferably made of sheet metal. It has an edge area 101 r which can be permanently connected to the edge of a conventional beverage can in the usual way. The lid has a circular lid mirror 111, which is surrounded by a cylindrical wall 106 (core wall). In the lid mirror 111, a breakable area is delimited by a notch or score 103, which is circular in the example shown At the foot of the core wall 106 there is a bead 109 which is open towards the axis of the cover (inwards) and has a considerable radial depth. At the upper end, a cover radius 107 connects to the core wall 106. The core wall, the cover radius as a comb and one for Core wall 106 adjacent outer wall layer 106a form a wall lying around the pouring opening, which is raised upwards.It is small in diameter compared to the diameter of the rim and has a slightly larger diameter with its inner core wall than the break-open section 105 of the lid mirror 111

At predetermined, limited peripheral regions of the core wall 106, this has channels or depressions 108 which are approximately parallel to the axis of the cover and open towards the axis. These are open to the cover radius 107 and to the bead 109 in the axial direction

In the cover mirror 111, limited arcuate depressions (or beads) 117 are provided in the circumferential direction, which have pressure surfaces 118 which rise obliquely at one of their ends to the plane of the cover mirror

The lid is associated with a closure element 102, which consists of a relatively rigid material, in particular sheet metal, but can also be made of another material, such as plastic. The closure element has a cylindrical wall 112 corresponding to the core wall 106, to which the outside faces adjoining radially outwardly projecting edge flange 113, the edge of which is stiffened by a curl 114. At the bottom of the cylindrical wall 112, radially outwardly projecting ribs 115 are provided, distributed in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the closure 102 has a bottom (or mirror) 110 in The radial dimension, the circumferential length, the number and the mutual spacing of the ribs 115 correspond to the radial depth, the circumferential extent, the number and the spacing of the channel-shaped depression 108 in the core wall 106 of the cover

It can be seen that the circumferential bead 109 works as an engagement element and the ribs 115 as a counter-engagement element of a bayonet-shaped closure. As the arrow 119 indicates, the closure element 102 is pressed into the lid 101 in the position shown relative to the lid 101 until the ribs 115 are level of the bead 109 by rotating the closure element 102 with respect to the lid 101, the parts engage in a form-fitting manner The clear distance 122 between the rib 115 and the edge flange 113 of the closure element 102 is smaller than the distance 123 between the comb radius 107 and the effective (upper) edge of the bead 109, so that in the locked state the edge flange 113 is pretensioned on the cover radius 107 rests and so forms a reliable seal of the space enclosed by the core wall 106.

It can be seen that the functions of the cover 101 with the closure element 102 come into effect which can already be used in the case of the sealing reclosing of the pouring opening, in which the pouring opening in

Lid mirror 111 is pre-punched in terms of production, so it does not have to be broken open

However, it is preferred to use the cover in the form shown If, according to arrow 119, the closure element 102 is pressed into the cover and both parts are slightly rotated relative to one another in the direction of rotation α, so that there is little locking, the πppenform pressure element 116 comes in the arc Indentation 117 to lie without the pressure element 116 exerting any appreciable pressure on the lid mirror 111. However, when the closure element 102 is rotated 180 ° relative to the lid 101, the pressure elements 116 ride on the oblique pressure surfaces 118 of the lid mirror, which are the continuation of the arcuate beads 117, and exert increasing axial pressure on the lid mirror. This pressure is sufficient to cause the score line 103 to break in, whereby the rotation and the cam action of the pressure elements 116 at the end of the 180 ° rotation have tipped the breakable region almost completely in the direction y toward the inside of the can As will be explained in more detail later, the score line has a corresponding interruption which acts as an articulated line 140.

The number of printing elements 116 and printing areas 118 can vary, in particular (at least) two can be provided. They can be provided in pairs. The same applies to the bayonet-like engagement elements 115 with associated channels 108 in the core wall 106

It is not absolutely necessary for the score line 103 to be concentric with the core wall 106 8th

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the cover 101 is designed in the same way as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1. The closure element 125 differs from the closure element 102 in the different design of the edge flange 134, 139 and its stiffening. The closure element 125 has at the bottom of its cylindrical wall 138 at least two radially outwardly projecting ribs 135 as counter-engagement elements. At the upper end of the cylindrical wall 138 there is the initially flat edge flange 139, which is bent slightly downwards on the outside and is finally rolled upwards and inwards at 134. At least one pressure element 137 in the form of an arcuate rib is provided in the bottom 136.

The function of the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is practically identical to that according to FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 shows the initial break-open process after a relative rotation α (alpha) of the closure element 125 relative to the cover 101 by 90 ° relative to the position according to FIG. 2 used for inserting the closure element. It can be seen that the pressure element 137 over the inclined surface 118 onto the plane of the cover mirror 111 is ridden, the cover mirror having been broken along the score line. With 105 the collapsible area of the lid mirror 111 is designated, while 104 designates the pouring opening.

FIG. 4 shows a possible mutual assignment of the channels 108 and 108 'and the depressions 117 and 117' with respectively adjacent pressure surfaces 118 and 118 '. Furthermore, the bent ends of the broken notch line 103 can be seen at 103a, as a result of which a permanent connection between the breakable area 105 and the cover mirror 111 remains in the area 140, which also serves as a hinge line when the break-in mirror section 105 breaks in and swings in.

It is apparent to the person skilled in the art that the bayonet-type engagement and

Counter-engagement elements between the two parts 101 and 102 and 125 can also be interchanged. The same applies to the printing elements 116, 137 and the printing surfaces 118.

FIG. 5 illustrates a top view of the cover mirror according to FIG. 4. Here, three arcuate depressions 117a, 117b, 117c are provided, which rise from a deepest point to the level of the cover mirror 111 and form the pressure surfaces 118 (a, b, c). The import channels 108, 108 'are shown corresponding to FIG. 4, only on a position offset by 90 ° In FIG. 5, the arcuate depression 117b is no longer formed immediately after the insertion channel 108, but is offset accordingly if two insertion channels are formed symmetrically on the circumference of the core wall 106 and three circumferentially distributed arcuate depressions 117 within this core wall in the cover mirror 111 are provided

More than three arch depressions can also be formed. The number of three such elements represents an optimum of function and effort

Figure 6 illustrates the closure 125 with an arrangement of the

Pressure elements 116 as pressure cams 151a, 151b, 151c, while a circumferential groove 116a, 116b, 116c is formed between these pressure cams

FIG. 7 illustrates the assembled state in a top view, with an n respective pressure cam 151 in an arc depression 117 in each case

Cover mirror 111 comes to cherish The edge flange of the cover is not shown here, however, the rotation of the ribs 135, 135 ', which are initially inserted in the axial direction via the channels 108, 108' and are then shown rotated by an angle of approximately 45 °

20th

Starting from the closed position in FIG. 7, it can be broken open (rotation + α) or the closed state opened (direction of rotation -α) for removing the contents of the can after removing the stopper 125

25 The state shown in FIG. 7 is the closed state, in which the opening bottom cams 151a, 151b, 151c have not yet broken open. This closed state is not obtained directly by inserting the closure according to FIG. 6 into the cover mirror according to FIG. 5, but through Inserting a closure 125 according to FIG. 6 without impressed break-open cams 151a, 151b,

30 151c, rather only provided with a fully encircling annular groove 116a, 116b, 116c. Then there is no collision with the control cam 150 in FIG. 7 and FIG. 5, which is used to extend the pivoting-in path. Only after inserting the one with upwards (from the cover mirror 111)) directional groove 116a, 116b, 116c, the break-open cams 151a, 151b, 151c are formed by inverting the direction of formation of the mentioned groove so that they come to rest in the recesses 117a 117b 117c, in each case at the deepest point, which is located directly behind the control cam 150 in the case of the break-open cam 151a. The angle σ (sigma) shown is approximately 30 ° and corresponds to the rotation of the Closure 125 in the wall W, which is not shown in more detail in FIGS. 6, 7, 5, for locking the closure 125 on the core wall 106 of the wall W. The depression 117b and the associated cam 151a are then also from this rule by this angle. Symmetry of 120 ° with three arranged pressure cams / inclined surfaces, so that an arrangement of only about 120 ° is achieved.

If, starting from FIG. 7, the closure 125 is rotated in the + α direction, the breaking action takes place at an angle of approximately 60 °, in the course of the oblique grooves 117a, 117b, 117c. The lock is then rotated further by an angle of approximately 150 ° until the cams 151c come together with the control cam 150 on the cover mirror in order to give the broken-in section a considerable pivoting-in angle, with only a brief rotary movement, half the width of the cams. 150 / 151c corresponds. A large force is not required for this pivoting movement, so that a short angle of rotation is sufficient. The cooperation of the cams 150 / 151c mentioned takes place at the time when the locking bar 135 and its opposite analogue 135 'are locked in the core wall 106, so that there is a bearing for the force arising when swinging open.

11

A lid is provided for closing a beverage can made of sheet metal, to which a closure element (102) is assigned. The lid has a break-in area delimited by a notch line (103) in the lid mirror, which is surrounded by a cylindrical core wall (106) of a core wall (W) The closure element has a corresponding cylindrical part (112) which engages in the core wall. At the foot of the cylindrical walls, engaging or counter-engaging element (s) (115, 109) are provided in the manner of a bayonet closure. Furthermore, at the bottom of the closure element and at the bottom of the Cover mirror (111) with each other in the axial direction acting pressure elements or pressure surfaces (117,116) are provided, which are designed and arranged such that when the closure element is turned relative to the cover, the score line is broken (104) and the pouring opening is exposed. By turning, an edge flange is exposed (139) of the closure element with ent protruding prestress sealingly printed on an annular surface (107) at the upper end of the core wall (W) of the cover

Claims

Expectations:

1 . Lid, essentially made of sheet metal, with a lid surface ( 1 1 1 ) of a cylindrical wall surrounding it, in particular a core wall (106), and a lid edge (101 r) intended for connection to the edge of a beverage can, as well as with an exposed pouring opening (104 ) in the lid mirror (1 1 1 ), characterized by a sealing element (102,125) that seals the pouring opening (104) tightly and which is in a form-fitting manner with engagement elements (109) provided on the lid mirror (1 1 1 ) or on the core wall (106). Rotary engagement (1 15,, 135, 108, 108'109, α) can be brought, for

To release or seal the pouring opening (104)

2 Lid according to claim 1, characterized in that the engagement elements (109) and on the closure element (102,125) corresponding counter-engagement elements (115,135) in the manner of the elements

Bayonet lock is designed and can be brought into or out of engagement

3 Lid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the closure element (102) consists of dimensionally stable material, in particular metal

4 Lid according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that (a) the core wall (106) has an annular bead or groove (109) open towards the axis of the lid (101) as an engagement element (b) at least two, in Circumferentially spaced channels (108, 108') are provided which are open towards the axis of the cover and run in the axial direction, for the axially directed introduction of correspondingly designed counter-engaging elements (1) on the closure element (102, 125) of the shape, number and circumferential distance 15,135) and subsequent

Twist-sealing (α) of the counter-engaging elements in the groove or bead (109)

5 Lid according to claim 4, characterized in that the closure element (102) has a stiffened edge region (1 13 1 14,125,134,130) which, when closed, has a comb radius (107) of a pouring opening (107) which adjoins the upper edge of the core wall (106) to the outside ( 104) surrounding wall (106,107,W) with axial prestress 6 Lid according to claim 4 or 5, in which the pouring opening (104) is determined by a breakable area (105) of the lid surface (11 1) delimited by a notch or scratch line (103), and the closure element (102,125) on the bottom side ( 136,110) is designed to break in the notch or score line (103) for the first time and to expose the pouring opening (104) for the first time (137,117,151a, 151b,151c, 117a,1 17b,117c)

7 Lid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

(a) the closure element (102,125) has a cylindrical wall region (112) on a stiffened edge region (113,1 14), in which counter-engaging elements (1 15 135) are formed and which is in a closure base (1 10,136,151 a, 151 b, 151 c) mouths,

(b) at least one axially projecting pressure element (1 16,137) on the lid mirror (1 1 1) or on the sealing base (1 10, 136) and n (c) on the closure base (1 10, 136) or on the lid mirror (1 1 1) at least one that increases in circumference

Pressure surfaces (1 18, 1 17a, 1 17b, 117c, 1 18a, 118b, 1 18c) are arranged relative to each other so that when the lid (101) and closure element (102, 125) are rotated relative to each other, the pressure element is mounted by riding on the

20 pressure surface causes the scratch or score line (103) to collapse in order to

to release the pouring opening

8 Lid according to claim 7, characterized in that the break-in area (105) of the lid mirror (1 11) is captively connected to the rest of the lid mirror (111) via a hinge line (140) formed by:ι interruption of the scratch or score line (103). connected and can be swiveled below the level of the cover surface when being pressed

9 lid according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the 30 pressure elements (116,137, 151a,117b,151b,1 17c,151c,117a) or

Printing surfaces (118)

(a) each in pairs and approximately diametrically opposite each other, or

(b) are arranged at an angle of approximately 120°, with one of the elements or surfaces having a moderate insertion angle (σ) between 10° and 30°

.35 is shifted compared to a 120° standard position 10 Lid according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the part (111, 110) having the rising pressure surfaces (118) has a recess (117) at the end of each pressure surface, in which the pressure element (116) of the other part (110,111) is recorded before the scratch or score line (103) collapses

11 Lid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the unlocked state of the lid the closure element (102,125) has a clear axial distance (122) between an edge section (113,139) and a counter-engaging element (115,135) which is smaller than that clear axial

Distance (123) between the cover radius (107) adjoining the outside of the core wall (106) and the engagement groove (109) or bead running around the core wall (106).

12 Lid according to one of the preceding claims, in which the core wall (106) is the inner wall of a surrounding annular wall (W) raised over the pouring opening (104), which is formed from two spaced sheet metal layers (106, 106a) and a comb (107) connecting them

13 Lid according to claim 12, in which the annular wall (W) has a diameter that is slightly larger than the pouring opening (104), but significantly to significantly smaller than the diameter of the edge (101 r) of the lid (101).

14 Lid according to one of the preceding claims, in which all locking elements (108, 109, 115,135, 108, 109) for the closure (102,125) within the

Ringwalies (W) are arranged

15 Lid according to claim 14, in which the locking elements include axially directed (119) guide tracks (108,108') and circumferentially (α) oriented locking webs (109,115,135).

16 Lid according to one of the preceding claims, in which the closure is not filled inside between its cylindrical wall region (112,138) and is open at the top Lid according to one of the preceding claims, in which

(a) on the bottom (1 10,136) of the closure plug (102 125) three spaced-apart circumferential annular groove segments (116a 116b, 116c) are arranged, between each of which a raised cam, in particular of a point-shaped shape, (151a 151 b 151 c) is provided as a pressure element

(b) three corresponding arcuate recesses (1 17a, 1 17b, 1 17c) are formed on the lid mirror (111, 105) of the lid, each for receiving one of the cams (151).

Lid according to claim 17, in which a raised control cam (150) is provided on the lid mirror (1 10 105) of the lid in continuation, but offset from the arch recesses (1 17), for the wide-directed pivoting of the break-open section (105) when touched with one of the pressure element cams (151c), both cams (151c, 150) being raised toward one another

Lid according to one of the preceding claims, in which the articulation (140) of the break-open section (105) of the lid mirror is near the end of one of the arc recesses (117), which here has a deepest point in order to move in the direction of the rotational movement (α). The cam (151a) of the closure base (136) guided in this arch recess (117b) becomes flatter, as a pressure surface or pressure area (1 18b)

Lid according to claim 19, in which all arched recesses (1 17) are designed to rise along their circumferential extent

Lid according to claim 18 or 19, in which the control cam (150) is arranged close to the joint for cooperation with one of the pressure element cams (151a, b, c) during the rotational movement (α) of the closure (102,125) after the break-in Break-in section (105) for strongly pivoting the broken section (105) below the level of the cover mirror (1 1 1)