WO1997022398A1 - Method and apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances and/or separating components therefrom - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances and/or separating components therefrom Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997022398A1
WO1997022398A1 PCT/CH1996/000443 CH9600443W WO9722398A1 WO 1997022398 A1 WO1997022398 A1 WO 1997022398A1 CH 9600443 W CH9600443 W CH 9600443W WO 9722398 A1 WO9722398 A1 WO 9722398A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substances
envelope
enclosure
high frequency
liquid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1996/000443
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Giuseppe Bresciani
Hans Peter Meier
Original Assignee
Ixtlan Ag
Mavag Verfahrenstechnik Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ixtlan Ag, Mavag Verfahrenstechnik Ag filed Critical Ixtlan Ag
Priority to JP09522389A priority Critical patent/JP2000501651A/en
Priority to EP96940975A priority patent/EP0876186A1/en
Publication of WO1997022398A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997022398A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
    • B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
    • B01D24/12—Downward filtration, the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/48—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
    • B01D24/4807—Handling the filter cake for purposes other than regenerating
    • B01D24/4846—Retarding cake deposition on the filter during the filtration period, e.g. using stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/114—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/117—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for outward flow filtration
    • B01D29/118—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for outward flow filtration open-ended
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/39—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with hollow discs side by side on, or around, one or more tubes, e.g. of the leaf type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/39—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with hollow discs side by side on, or around, one or more tubes, e.g. of the leaf type
    • B01D29/41—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with hollow discs side by side on, or around, one or more tubes, e.g. of the leaf type mounted transversely on the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
    • B01D29/54—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/70—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element
    • B01D29/74—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element involving centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/76—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
    • B01D29/86—Retarding cake deposition on the filter during the filtration period, e.g. using stirrers
    • B01D29/865—Retarding cake deposition on the filter during the filtration period, e.g. using stirrers by vibration of the liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/06—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums
    • B01D33/073—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums arranged for inward flow filtration
    • B01D33/09—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums arranged for inward flow filtration with surface cells independently connected to pressure distributors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/06—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums
    • B01D33/11—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums arranged for outward flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/35—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D33/37—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
    • B01D33/39—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/44—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D33/46—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element
    • B01D33/466—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/58—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating the filter cake remaining on the filtering element
    • B01D33/68—Retarding cake deposition on the filter during the filtration period, e.g. using stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/16—Rotary, reciprocated or vibrated modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/04—Supports for the filtering elements
    • B01D2201/043—Filter tubes connected to plates
    • B01D2201/0446—Filter tubes connected to plates suspended from plates at the upper side of the filter elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for filtering liquid or pasty substances and / or for separating components and / or particles included in these substances, these substances being contained or passing through an enclosure of a filter and / or a separator
  • It also relates to an apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances and / or for separating components of these substances and / or particles included in these substances, this apparatus comprising at least one enclosure containing the substances or traversed by them
  • the filtration and / or separation processes as well as the apparatuses for implementing these processes are not always adapted to these particular characteristics of the substances to be treated, so that their efficiency is sometimes reduced as well as their yield.
  • to be used to obtain acceptable results is often important, in particular for substances which are difficult to treat, such as substances which are very viscous or which are very charged with particles to be separated.
  • the invention proposes to overcome these drawbacks by providing an improved method and apparatus which make it possible to increase the efficiency of the filtration and separation processes in significant proportions by promoting turbulent or laminar flow by reducing the viscosity. apparent of viscous liquids or liquids strongly charged with solid particles, and by reducing the shear stresses inside these liquids
  • the frequency of the high frequency vibrations that are applied is between 15,000 and 40,000 Hz and preferably between 20,000 and 23,000 Hz
  • said high frequency vibrations are applied by means of at least one sonotrode, by means of a fluid contained in a sealed envelope.
  • said sealed peripheral envelope is disposed inside said enclosure containing said substances, the high frequency vibrations being transmitted to the substances through the walls of the envelope.
  • said sealed envelope is disposed at least partially at the periphery of said enclosure, the high frequency vibrations being transmitted to the substances through the walls of the enclosure.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by the apparatus for implementing the method, characterized in that it comprises at least one device arranged to subject these substances to high frequency vibrations during the filtration operation and / or separation
  • the device comprises at least one sonotrode arranged to apply said high frequency vibrations to said substances by means of a fluid contained in a sealed peripheral envelope
  • said sealed peripheral envelope is disposed inside said enclosure containing said substances to be treated
  • said sealed peripheral envelope is disposed outside of said enclosure, at least partially on the periphery of the latter, and constitutes a double jacket associated with said enclosure, the fluid contained in this envelope being directly in contact with the outer walls of the enclosure
  • the apparatus may include a second envelope at least partially surrounding the double mantle, this second envelope being empty to concentrate the high frequency vibrations towards said sealed peripheral envelope
  • the device comprises at least one filtration element mounted on a double bottom and / or on a support containing liquid and a sonotrode directly in contact with said liquid from the double bottom and / or from the support
  • It can also include both a sonotrode directly in contact with a liquid contained in a sealed peripheral envelope and a sonotrode in contact with a liquid contained in a support member carrying at least one filtration element.
  • FIG. 1 represents a first embodiment of a separator apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents an alternative embodiment of the apparatus of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 represents an embodiment of a filter candles according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 represents another embodiment of a candle filter according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 represents a partial view of an embodiment of a filter with vertical filter plates according to invention
  • FIG. 6 represents an embodiment of a filter with horizontal filter plates according to the invention
  • - FIG. 7 represents an embodiment of a filter with vertical filter plates according to the invention
  • FIG. 8 represents a first embodiment of a rotary vane filter
  • Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the filter of Figure 8
  • Figure 10 shows another embodiment of a ro drum filter
  • FIG. 11 represents another embodiment of a filter according to the invention
  • FIG. 12 represents a filter similar to that of FIG. 11, FIG. 13 represents a filter with continuous circulation, FIG. 14 represents another variant of a filter according to the invention, FIG. 15 represents a container intended to contain a homogenized substance, and FIG. 16 represents a static mixer
  • the apparatus 10 represented by FIG. 1 is a separating apparatus which comprises a vessel 11 containing a liquid or pasty substance 12 which preferably consists of a mixture of components, such as for example a basic substance containing particles or bubbles of a gas, which should be fractionated or annihilated by cavitation induced by ultrasound These particles can, for example, be bacteria, the envelope of which can be destroyed by the action of ultrasound, and therefore neutralized
  • the tank 11 Around the side wall, the tank 11 has a peripheral casing 13, to make a double-mantled tank.
  • the peripheral casing 13 contains a liquid 14 such as water, oil used as a coolant, a cooling liquid, or similar
  • the tank is provided with an inlet orifice 15 and a discharge orifice 16
  • the peripheral casing 13 also has an inlet 17 and an outlet 18, the two orifices being able, moreover, to be interchanged
  • a sonotrode 19 is mounted on the peripheral envelope 13 in such a way that it only comes into contact with the liquid 14 contained in this envelope. In this way, contact between the substance to be treated and the sonotrode is avoided, which avoids the production of special sonotrodes according to the substances 12 contained in the tank 11, to prevent corrosion
  • the transmission of high frequency vibrations takes place very well via the liquid 14 in the substance 12
  • the intensity of the vibrations depends on the power of the sonotrode chosen and the effect obtained can be different from case to case
  • One of the effects may be the thinning of very viscous substances, i.e. a decrease in the apparent viscosity
  • a second envelope 13a can be provided at the periphery of the first envelope. It can constitute a vacuum chamber for concentrating high frequency vibrations towards the product and limiting their loss to the outside
  • FIG 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1
  • This device comprises as before a tank 1 1, containing a substance 12, an envelope 13 which does not contain liquid, but which could, as before be filled with 'a high frequency vibration transmission liquid, provided that an appropriate sonotrode is associated with this envelope.
  • the upper part of the tank carries a sonotrode 19 which is associated with a dip tube 20 containing a liquid 21 for transmitting high frequency vibrations.
  • This dip tube plunges into the substance to be treated 12 to which it transmits the vibrations.
  • FIG. 3 represents an apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances more or less charged with components or solid particles which should be separated either to recover them or to eliminate them.
  • This is a static filter with hanging candles.
  • This type of filter well known as well for its applications in the laboratory or in industry, is simple to produce and has great efficiency as well as a very favorable price / quality ratio given the large filtration surface area which it presents, the absence of rotating parts and the possibility of working in a hermetically sealed enclosure.
  • the filter 30 shown comprises an enclosure 31 inside which are suspended filter candles 32.
  • the lower part of the enclosure is conical in shape for the recovery of the cake composed of the filtration residues. This recovery is indicated by arrow 33.
  • the inlet of the substance to be filtered is represented diagrammatically by arrow 34 and the outlet of the filtrate is represented by arrow 35.
  • the enclosure is surrounded by an envelope 36 which contains a liquid 37 for transmitting the high frequency vibrations generated by a sonotrode 19 which is mounted on the envelope to be directly in contact with the liquid 37
  • a cover 38 enables the filtration chamber to be sealed
  • the candles are erected instead of being suspended
  • the operation of the filter is essentially the same in both cases, especially with regard to the transmission of high frequency vibrations
  • the purpose of applying these vibrations is to fluidify the substance to be filtered, and considerably increases the efficiency of the filter by shaking the filter membranes to prevent premature clogging during the process.
  • the solid particles are set in motion near the surface of the membranes and cannot agglomerate to block the passages of the filtrate
  • the filtration and unclogging cycles can be spaced The filtration speed is increased
  • FIG. 4 A variant of this construction is shown in FIG. 4. It will be noted that in this embodiment, the candles for filtering the candle filter 40 are associated with a double bottom 41 filled with a liquid 42 for transmitting the high frequency vibrations generated by a second sonotrode 43 This embodiment enables vibrations to the filter membranes to be transmitted very directly and with great efficiency
  • FIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of a partially illustrated candle filter 50 according to which a filter candle 51 is directly suspended from a tube 52 filled with a liquid 53 which is in contact with a sonotrode 19 which generates high vibrations frequency Inside the candle is arranged a tube 54 for evacuating the filtrate which is sucked by a pump in the direction of the arrow 55 This assembly makes it possible to directly transmit the vibrations to the filtering membrane
  • FIG. 6 represents a filter 60 with horizontal plates 61 mounted in a tank 62 surrounded by an envelope 63 which contains a liquid 64 for transmitting the high frequency vibrations generated by a sonotrode 19 mounted on said envelope
  • these filters are static during the filtration operation.
  • the plates, mounted on a central hollow shaft 65, are rotated by a motor 66 during the cleaning of the plates, the cake of residual substances being projected. by centrifugation against the interior walls and recovered at the bottom of the tank 62
  • the filter 70 with vertical plates 71 represented by FIG. 7 is also of a type known per se.
  • the enclosure 72 of the plate filter 70 is partially surrounded by an envelope 73 on which is mounted a sonotrode 19 arranged to transmit high frequency vibrations to a liquid 74 contained in said envelope
  • the plates are preferably a series of membranes which are changed at each filtration cycle. This is why they are suspended from a support 75 carried by a mobile carriage which moves on rails of a frame. 77
  • FIG. 8 represents a first embodiment of a filter 80 with a rotary vane.
  • This filter consists of an enclosure 81 in which is mounted a filtration element 82, of the membrane or perforated plate or similar type, arranged horizontally, close from the bottom of this enclosure
  • a rotary paddle 83 driven in rotation by a pin 84 mounted at the outlet of an electric motor 85, ensures mechanical mixing of the substance to be filtered just above the filter element 82
  • the filtrate is discharged through a conduit 86 which is connected to the tank below the filter element and the residual material or cake is discharged laterally through a receiving chamber 87, the communication door 88 with the enclosure 81 can be opened
  • the enclosure 81 is partially surrounded by an envelope 89 filled with a liquid which is directly in communication with a sonotrode 19 arranged to emit high frequency vibrations to the filter 80 and to its content
  • FIG. 9 represents an alternative embodiment of the filter of FIG. 8 All the components mentioned above and which are found in this embodiment bear the same reference numbers. It will be noted that the sonotrode 19 is coupled to an envelope 93 which partially surrounds the conduit of evacuation 86 of the filtrate and which is filled with a liquid 94
  • This arrangement of the sonotrode can be provided in addition to a sonotrode coupled to the casing 89 or as a replacement for the latter.
  • the casing 89 preferably does not contain liquid 90, unless the latter is used for heating or cooling purposes
  • FIG. 10 represents another form of filter called a rotary drum vacuum filter.
  • This filter 100 comprises a tank 101 into which the substance to be filtered is poured, for example a suspension brought by a conduit 102
  • This tank comprises a casing 103 containing a liquid and a sonotrode 19 is connected to this envelope.
  • the filtrate is evacuated by the hub 104 of a rotary drum 105 subjected to vacuum and the peripheral wall of which is covered with a filtration membrane 106
  • the filtration residues or cake are evacuated by a scraper 107 via a drainage device 108
  • a drainage pipe 109 for the filtrate is connected to the hub 104
  • a drainage pipe 110 is fitted to the bottom of the tank 101
  • FIG. 11 represents a filter 120 comprising a container 121 provided with an envelope 122 containing a liquid 123 and to which a sonotrode 19 is connected.
  • a support 124 carries a depth filter 125, such as for example sand.
  • An overflow pipe 126 is mounted inside the container The filtrate is discharged through a pipe 127 which can be placed in communication with a rinsing pipe 128
  • FIG. 12 represents a filter 130 substantially similar to the filter of the previous figure
  • a filtration element 131, for example a membrane is mounted on an envelope 132 filled with a liquid 133 which is directly in contact with a sonotrode 19
  • the filtrate is collected by a discharge pipe 134 coupled to a flushing pipe 135
  • FIG. 13 represents a continuous circulation filter 140 composed of a container 141 divided into two chambers 142 and 143 separated by a filtration element 144
  • the suspension to be treated is introduced through an orifice 145, the filtrate is evacuated through a conduit 146 and the concentrated solution escapes through an orifice 147
  • An envelope 148 filled with a liquid 149 surrounds the container 141
  • a sonotrode 19 is directly in contact with the liquid 149
  • FIG. 14 represents a filter 150 comprising a container 151 in which is mounted a static filtration element 152 and a dynamic filtration element 153, driven in rotation about a vertical axis 154, by a driven shaft 155
  • the container is surrounded by '' an envelope 156 containing a liquid 157 which is directly in contact with a sonotrode 19
  • the filtrate is evacuated by conduits 158 and 159
  • FIG. 15 represents a container 160 intended to contain a substance to be homogenized and / or from which it is advisable to separate components such as for example air bubbles II comprises an agitator 161 actuated in rotation by an electric motor 162 An envelope 163 is filled liquid which is directly in contact with a sonotrode 19
  • FIG. 16 represents a static mixer 170 comprising a container 171 traversed by a substance penetrating through an orifice 172 and exiting through an orifice 173 Inside is mounted an assembly of grids or porous elements 174 An envelope 175 filled with a liquid 176 surrounds the container A sonotrode 19 is directly in contact with the liquid 176
  • all constructions can include a second empty envelope which is intended to concentrate the vibrations of high frequency towards the inside of the separator or filter container to increase the treatment efficiency
  • vibrations can, from case to case, be applied directly to the filter membranes to ensure permanent unclogging of these membranes

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances and/or separating components of the substances and/or particles present therein. The apparatus comprises a vessel (11) containing the substance (12) to be processed. The vessel is surrounded by a casing (13) containing a fluid (14) such as a heat transfer fluid. A sonotrode (19) provided on the casing (13) is arranged to apply high-frequency vibration to the substance (12) via the fluid (14) in order to promote the filtration and/or separation of said substance (12).

Description

PROCEDE ET APPAREIL POUR FILTRER DES SUBSTANCES LIQUIDES OU PATEUSES ET/OU POUR SEPARER DES COMPOSANTS INCLUS DANS CES SUBSTANCESPROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR FILTERING LIQUID OR PASTY SUBSTANCES AND / OR FOR SEPARATING COMPONENTS INCLUDED IN SUCH SUBSTANCES
La présente invention concerne un procède pour filtrer des substances liquides ou pâteuses et/ou pour séparer des composants et/ou des particules incluses dans ces substances, ces substances étant contenues ou traversant une enceinte d'un filtre et/ou d'un séparateurThe present invention relates to a method for filtering liquid or pasty substances and / or for separating components and / or particles included in these substances, these substances being contained or passing through an enclosure of a filter and / or a separator
Elle concerne également un appareil pour filtrer des substances liquides ou pâteuses et/ou pour séparer des composants de ces substances et/ou des particules incluses dans ces substances, cet appareil comportant au moins une enceinte contenant les substances ou traversée par ellesIt also relates to an apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances and / or for separating components of these substances and / or particles included in these substances, this apparatus comprising at least one enclosure containing the substances or traversed by them
Il est bien connu que les performances et la quantité d'énergie requises pour procéder à une filtration ou à une séparation de composants ou de particules incluses dans des substances liquides ou pâteuses dépendent fortement des caractéristiques physiques des substances concernées En particulier, l'expérience montre qu'une augmentation de la concentration de corps solides présents dans une substance à filtrer, qui a pour effet d'accroître la viscosité de cette substance, engendre une diminution sensible du pouvoir séparateur spécifique des appareils de filtration. Le rapport du volume de filtrat par rapport à la surface filtrante chute considérablement avec l'augmentation de la concentration et de la viscosité L'énergie requise pour effectuer une opération de filtration et/ou de séparation peut devenir considérable, les pressions à appliquer sur les substances à traiter pouvant être importantes et des élévations de température pouvant devenir nécessaires pour réduire la viscosité ainsi que les contraintes de cisaillementIt is well known that the performance and the quantity of energy required to carry out a filtration or a separation of components or particles included in liquid or pasty substances strongly depend on the physical characteristics of the substances concerned. In particular, experience shows that an increase in the concentration of solid bodies present in a substance to be filtered, which has the effect of increasing the viscosity of this substance, generates a significant decrease in the specific separating power of the filtration apparatus. The ratio of the volume of filtrate to the filtering surface drops considerably with increasing concentration and viscosity The energy required to carry out a filtration and / or separation operation can become considerable, the pressures to be applied to the substances to be treated which can be significant and temperature increases which may become necessary to reduce the viscosity as well as the shear stresses
Le comportement rheologique de substances à plusieurs composants mélangés lorsqu'elles sont soumises à des traitements de filtration ou de séparation, dépend fortement des caractéristiques de ces substances ces caractéristiques étant d'ailleurs variables au cours du temps, notamment en fonction de la nature de l'intensité et de la durée des traitements qu'elles subissent La connaissance de ces caractéristiques et de leur évolution est souvent empirique Pour qu'une filtration ou une séparation efficace puisse être effectuée, il est absolument indispensable que ces caractéristiques se situent dans une zone de valeurs favorables a ces traitementsThe rheological behavior of substances with several components mixed when they are subjected to filtration or separation treatments, strongly depends on the characteristics of these substances, these characteristics being moreover variable over time, in particular according to the nature of the intensity and duration of the treatments they The knowledge of these characteristics and their evolution is often empirical. For effective filtration or separation to be carried out, it is absolutely essential that these characteristics are located in an area of values favorable to these treatments.
Les procédés de filtration et/ou de séparation ainsi que les appareils pour la mise en oeuvre de ces procédés ne sont pas toujours adaptes à ces caractéristiques particulières des substances à traiter, de sorte que leur efficacité est parfois réduite ainsi que leur rendement L'énergie à mettre en oeuvre pour obtenir des résultats acceptables est souvent importante, notamment pour des substances difficiles à traiter telles que les substances très visqueuses ou très chargées en particules à séparerThe filtration and / or separation processes as well as the apparatuses for implementing these processes are not always adapted to these particular characteristics of the substances to be treated, so that their efficiency is sometimes reduced as well as their yield. to be used to obtain acceptable results is often important, in particular for substances which are difficult to treat, such as substances which are very viscous or which are very charged with particles to be separated.
L'invention se propose de pallier ces inconvénients en offrant un procédé ainsi qu'un appareil perfectionnés qui permettent d'accroître dans des proportions importantes le rendement des processus de filtration et de séparation en favorisant l'écoulement turbulent ou laminaire par réduction de la viscosité apparente de liquides visqueux ou fortement chargés en particules solides, et en réduisant les contraintes de cisaillement à l'intérieur de ces liquidesThe invention proposes to overcome these drawbacks by providing an improved method and apparatus which make it possible to increase the efficiency of the filtration and separation processes in significant proportions by promoting turbulent or laminar flow by reducing the viscosity. apparent of viscous liquids or liquids strongly charged with solid particles, and by reducing the shear stresses inside these liquids
Ce but est atteint par le procédé selon l'invention, caractérisé en ce l'on soumet ces substances à des vibrations de haute fréquence au cours de ce procédéThis object is achieved by the process according to the invention, characterized in that these substances are subjected to high frequency vibrations during this process.
De façon avantageuse, la fréquence des vibrations de haute fréquence que l'on applique est comprise entre 15 000 et 40 000 Hz et de préférence entre 20 000 et 23000 HzAdvantageously, the frequency of the high frequency vibrations that are applied is between 15,000 and 40,000 Hz and preferably between 20,000 and 23,000 Hz
Dans une forme de réalisation préférée du procédé, l'on applique lesdites vibrations de haute fréquence au moyen d'au moins une sonotrode, par l'intermédiaire d'un fluide contenu dans une enveloppe étanche De préférence, ladite enveloppe périphérique étanche est disposée a l'intérieur de ladite enceinte contenant lesdites substances les vibrations de haute fréquence étant transmises aux substances à travers les parois de l'enveloppeIn a preferred embodiment of the method, said high frequency vibrations are applied by means of at least one sonotrode, by means of a fluid contained in a sealed envelope. Preferably, said sealed peripheral envelope is disposed inside said enclosure containing said substances, the high frequency vibrations being transmitted to the substances through the walls of the envelope.
Selon une variante de réalisation, ladite enveloppe étanche est disposée au moins partiellement à la périphérie de ladite enceinte, les vibrations de haute fréquence étant transmises aux substances à travers les parois de l'enceinteAccording to an alternative embodiment, said sealed envelope is disposed at least partially at the periphery of said enclosure, the high frequency vibrations being transmitted to the substances through the walls of the enclosure.
Le but de l'invention est également atteint par l'appareil pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un dispositif agencé pour soumettre ces substances à des vibrations de haute fréquence pendant l'opération de filtration et/ou de séparationThe object of the invention is also achieved by the apparatus for implementing the method, characterized in that it comprises at least one device arranged to subject these substances to high frequency vibrations during the filtration operation and / or separation
Selon une forme de réalisation avantageuse, le dispositif comporte au moins une sonotrode agencée pour appliquer lesdites vibrations de haute fréquence auxdites substances par l'intermédiaire d'un fluide contenu dans une enveloppe périphérique étancheAccording to an advantageous embodiment, the device comprises at least one sonotrode arranged to apply said high frequency vibrations to said substances by means of a fluid contained in a sealed peripheral envelope
Selon une première variante de réalisation, ladite enveloppe périphérique étanche est disposée à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte contenant lesdites substances à traiterAccording to a first alternative embodiment, said sealed peripheral envelope is disposed inside said enclosure containing said substances to be treated
Selon une seconde variante de réalisation, ladite enveloppe périphérique étanche est disposée à l'extérieur de ladite enceinte, au moins partiellement à la périphérie de cette dernière, et constitue un double manteau associé à ladite enceinte, le fluide contenu dans cette enveloppe étant directement en contact avec les parois extérieures de l'enceinteAccording to a second alternative embodiment, said sealed peripheral envelope is disposed outside of said enclosure, at least partially on the periphery of the latter, and constitutes a double jacket associated with said enclosure, the fluid contained in this envelope being directly in contact with the outer walls of the enclosure
Dans une forme de réalisation, l'appareil peut comporter une deuxième enveloppe entourant au moins partiellement le double manteau, cette deuxième enveloppe étant vide pour concentrer les vibrations de haute fréquence vers ladite enveloppe périphérique étancheIn one embodiment, the apparatus may include a second envelope at least partially surrounding the double mantle, this second envelope being empty to concentrate the high frequency vibrations towards said sealed peripheral envelope
De façon avantageuse l'appareil comporte au moins un élément de filtration monté sur un double fond et/ou sur un support contenant du liquide et une sonotrode directement en contact avec ledit liquide du double fond et/ou du supportAdvantageously, the device comprises at least one filtration element mounted on a double bottom and / or on a support containing liquid and a sonotrode directly in contact with said liquid from the double bottom and / or from the support
Il peut également comporter à la fois une sonotrode directement en contact avec un liquide contenu dans une enveloppe périphérique étanche et une sonotrode en contact avec un liquide contenu dans un organe de support portant au moins un élément de filtration.It can also include both a sonotrode directly in contact with a liquid contained in a sealed peripheral envelope and a sonotrode in contact with a liquid contained in a support member carrying at least one filtration element.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise en référence à la description d'une série de formes de réalisation d'appareils selon l'invention et aux dessins annexés, dans lesquelsThe present invention will be better understood with reference to the description of a series of embodiments of apparatus according to the invention and to the accompanying drawings, in which
la figure 1 représente une première forme de réalisation d'un appareil séparateur selon l'invention, - la figure 2 représente une variante de réalisation de l'appareil de la figure 1 , la figure 3 représente une forme de réalisation d'un filtre à bougies selon l'invention, la figure 4 représente une autre forme de réalisation d'un filtre à bougies selon l'invention, la figure 5 représente une vue partielle d'une forme de réalisation d'un filtre à plaques filtrantes verticales selon l'invention, la figure 6 représente une forme de réalisation d'un filtre à plaques filtrantes horizontales selon l'invention, - la figure 7 représente une forme de réalisation d'un filtre à plaques filtrantes verticales selon l'invention la figure 8 représente une première forme de réalisation d'un filtre à palette rotative, la figure 9 représente une variante de réalisation du filtre de la figure 8, la figure 10 représente une autre forme de réalisation d'un filtre à tambour rotatif, la figure 11 représente une autre forme de réalisation d'un filtre selon l'invention, - la figure 12 représente un filtre similaire à celui de la figure 11 , la figure 13 représente un filtre à circulation continue, la figure 14 représente une autre variante de filtre selon l'invention, la figure 15 représente un récipient destiné à contenir une substance homogénéisée, et la figure 16 représente un mélangeur statiqueFIG. 1 represents a first embodiment of a separator apparatus according to the invention, FIG. 2 represents an alternative embodiment of the apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 represents an embodiment of a filter candles according to the invention, FIG. 4 represents another embodiment of a candle filter according to the invention, FIG. 5 represents a partial view of an embodiment of a filter with vertical filter plates according to invention, FIG. 6 represents an embodiment of a filter with horizontal filter plates according to the invention, - FIG. 7 represents an embodiment of a filter with vertical filter plates according to the invention FIG. 8 represents a first embodiment of a rotary vane filter, Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the filter of Figure 8, Figure 10 shows another embodiment of a ro drum filter FIG. 11 represents another embodiment of a filter according to the invention, FIG. 12 represents a filter similar to that of FIG. 11, FIG. 13 represents a filter with continuous circulation, FIG. 14 represents another variant of a filter according to the invention, FIG. 15 represents a container intended to contain a homogenized substance, and FIG. 16 represents a static mixer
L'appareil 10 représenté par la figure 1 est un appareil séparateur qui comporte une cuve 11 contenant une substance 12 liquide ou pâteuse qui se compose de préférence d'un mélange de composants, comme par exemple une substance de base contenant des particules ou des bulles d'un gaz, qu'il convient de fractionner ou anéantir par une cavitation induite par des ultrasons Ces particules peuvent par exemple être des bactéries dont on parvient à détruire l'enveloppe par l'action d'ultrasons, et par conséquent à neutraliserThe apparatus 10 represented by FIG. 1 is a separating apparatus which comprises a vessel 11 containing a liquid or pasty substance 12 which preferably consists of a mixture of components, such as for example a basic substance containing particles or bubbles of a gas, which should be fractionated or annihilated by cavitation induced by ultrasound These particles can, for example, be bacteria, the envelope of which can be destroyed by the action of ultrasound, and therefore neutralized
Autour de la paroi latérale, la cuve 11 comporte une enveloppe périphérique 13, pour réaliser un réservoir à double manteau L'enveloppe périphérique 13 contient un liquide 14 tel que de l'eau, de l'huile utilisée comme caloporteur, un liquide réfrigérant, ou similaireAround the side wall, the tank 11 has a peripheral casing 13, to make a double-mantled tank. The peripheral casing 13 contains a liquid 14 such as water, oil used as a coolant, a cooling liquid, or similar
La cuve est pourvue d'un orifice d'entrée 15 et d'un orifice d'évacuation 16 L'enveloppe périphérique 13 comporte également une entrée 17 et une sortie 18, les deux orifices pouvant d'ailleurs être interchangés Une sonotrode 19 est montée sur l'enveloppe périphérique 13 de telle manière qu'elle n'entre en contact qu'avec le liquide 14 contenu dans cette enveloppe De cette manière on évite tout contact entre la substance à traiter et la sonotrode, ce qui permet d'éviter la réalisation de sonotrodes spéciales en fonction des substances 12 contenues dans la cuve 11 , pour empêcher la corrosionThe tank is provided with an inlet orifice 15 and a discharge orifice 16 The peripheral casing 13 also has an inlet 17 and an outlet 18, the two orifices being able, moreover, to be interchanged A sonotrode 19 is mounted on the peripheral envelope 13 in such a way that it only comes into contact with the liquid 14 contained in this envelope. In this way, contact between the substance to be treated and the sonotrode is avoided, which avoids the production of special sonotrodes according to the substances 12 contained in the tank 11, to prevent corrosion
La transmission des vibrations de haute fréquence s'effectue très bien par l'intermédiaire du liquide 14 dans la substance 12 L'intensité des vibrations dépend de la puissance de la sonotrode choisie et l'effet obtenu peut être différent de cas en cas Un des effets peut être la fluidification de substances très visqueuses c'est-à-dire une diminution de la viscosité apparenteThe transmission of high frequency vibrations takes place very well via the liquid 14 in the substance 12 The intensity of the vibrations depends on the power of the sonotrode chosen and the effect obtained can be different from case to case One of the effects may be the thinning of very viscous substances, i.e. a decrease in the apparent viscosity
On notera qu'une deuxième enveloppe 13a peut être prévue à ia périphérie de la première enveloppe Elle peut constituer une chambre à vide pour concentrer les vibrations de haute fréquence en direction du produit et limiter leur perte vers l'extérieurIt will be noted that a second envelope 13a can be provided at the periphery of the first envelope. It can constitute a vacuum chamber for concentrating high frequency vibrations towards the product and limiting their loss to the outside
La figure 2 représente une variante de réalisation de l'appareil de la figure 1 Cet appareil comporte comme précédemment une cuve 1 1 , contenant une substance 12, une enveloppe 13 qui ne contient pas de liquide, mais qui pourrait, comme précédemment être remplie d'un liquide de transmission des vibrations de haute fréquence, pour autant qu'une sonotrode appropriée soit associée à cette enveloppe.Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1 This device comprises as before a tank 1 1, containing a substance 12, an envelope 13 which does not contain liquid, but which could, as before be filled with 'a high frequency vibration transmission liquid, provided that an appropriate sonotrode is associated with this envelope.
Dans ce cas, la partie supérieure de la cuve porte une sonotrode 19 qui est associée à un tube plongeur 20 contenant un liquide 21 de transmission des vibrations de haute fréquence. Ce tube plongeur plonge dans la substance à traiter 12 à laquelle il transmet les vibrations.In this case, the upper part of the tank carries a sonotrode 19 which is associated with a dip tube 20 containing a liquid 21 for transmitting high frequency vibrations. This dip tube plunges into the substance to be treated 12 to which it transmits the vibrations.
La figure 3 représente un appareil pour filtrer des substances liquides ou pâteuses plus ou moins chargées de composants ou de particules solides qu'il convient de séparer soit pour les récupérer soit pour les éliminer. Il s'agit en l'occurrence d'un filtre statique à bougies suspendues. Ce type de filtre, bien connu aussi bien pour ses applications en laboratoire ou dans l'industrie, est de réalisation simple et présente une grande efficacité ainsi qu'un rapport qualité/prix très favorable vu la grande surface de filtration qu'il présente, l'absence de pièces en rotation et la possibilité de travailler dans une enceinte hermétiquement fermée.FIG. 3 represents an apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances more or less charged with components or solid particles which should be separated either to recover them or to eliminate them. This is a static filter with hanging candles. This type of filter, well known as well for its applications in the laboratory or in industry, is simple to produce and has great efficiency as well as a very favorable price / quality ratio given the large filtration surface area which it presents, the absence of rotating parts and the possibility of working in a hermetically sealed enclosure.
Le filtre 30 représenté comporte une enceinte 31 à l'intérieur de laquelle sont suspendues des bougies filtrantes 32. La partie inférieure de l'enceinte est de forme conique en vue de la récupération du gâteau composé des résidus de filtration. Cette récupération est indiquée par la flèche 33. L'entrée de la substance à filtrer est représentée schématiquement par la flèche 34 et la sortie du filtrat est représentée par la flèche 35.The filter 30 shown comprises an enclosure 31 inside which are suspended filter candles 32. The lower part of the enclosure is conical in shape for the recovery of the cake composed of the filtration residues. This recovery is indicated by arrow 33. The inlet of the substance to be filtered is represented diagrammatically by arrow 34 and the outlet of the filtrate is represented by arrow 35.
On notera que l'enceinte est entourée d'une enveloppe 36 qui contient un liquide 37 de transmission des vibrations de haute fréquence générées par une sonotrode 19 qui est montée sur l'enveloppe pour être directement en contact avec le liquide 37 Un couvercle 38 permet de fermer l'enceinte de filtration de manière étancheIt will be noted that the enclosure is surrounded by an envelope 36 which contains a liquid 37 for transmitting the high frequency vibrations generated by a sonotrode 19 which is mounted on the envelope to be directly in contact with the liquid 37 A cover 38 enables the filtration chamber to be sealed
Selon un autre mode de réalisation qui dérive de celui de la figure. 3 les bougies sont dressées au heu d'être suspendues Le fonctionnement du filtre est sensiblement le même dans les deux cas, surtout en ce qui concerne la transmission des vibrations de haute fréquenceAccording to another embodiment which derives from that of the figure. 3 the candles are erected instead of being suspended The operation of the filter is essentially the same in both cases, especially with regard to the transmission of high frequency vibrations
L'application de ces vibrations a pour but de fluidifier la substance à filtrer, et augmente de manière considérable l'efficacité du filtre en secouant les membranes filtrantes pour empêcher un colmatage prématuré au cours du processus Les particules solides sont mises en mouvement à proximité de la surface des membranes et ne peuvent pas s'agglomérer pour boucher les passages du filtrat Les cycles de filtration et de décolmatage peuvent être espacés La vitesse de filtration est augmentéeThe purpose of applying these vibrations is to fluidify the substance to be filtered, and considerably increases the efficiency of the filter by shaking the filter membranes to prevent premature clogging during the process. The solid particles are set in motion near the surface of the membranes and cannot agglomerate to block the passages of the filtrate The filtration and unclogging cycles can be spaced The filtration speed is increased
Une variante de cette construction est représentée par la figure 4 On notera que dans cette réalisation, les bougies de filtration du filtre à bougies 40 sont associées à un double fond 41 rempli d'un liquide 42 de transmission des vibrations à haute fréquence générées par une deuxième sonotrode 43 Cette réalisation permet de transmettre très directement et avec une grande efficacité, les vibrations aux membranes filtrantesA variant of this construction is shown in FIG. 4. It will be noted that in this embodiment, the candles for filtering the candle filter 40 are associated with a double bottom 41 filled with a liquid 42 for transmitting the high frequency vibrations generated by a second sonotrode 43 This embodiment enables vibrations to the filter membranes to be transmitted very directly and with great efficiency
La figure 5 représente une variante de réalisation d'un filtre à bougies 50 partiellement illustrée selon laquelle une bougie filtrante 51 est directement suspendue à un tube 52 rempli d'un liquide 53 qui est en contact avec une sonotrode 19 qui génère des vibrations de haute fréquence A l'intérieur de la bougie est disposé un tube 54 d'évacuation du filtrat qui est aspiré par une pompe dans le sens de la flèche 55 Ce montage permet de transmettre directement les vibrations à la membrane filtranteFIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of a partially illustrated candle filter 50 according to which a filter candle 51 is directly suspended from a tube 52 filled with a liquid 53 which is in contact with a sonotrode 19 which generates high vibrations frequency Inside the candle is arranged a tube 54 for evacuating the filtrate which is sucked by a pump in the direction of the arrow 55 This assembly makes it possible to directly transmit the vibrations to the filtering membrane
La figure 6 représente un filtre 60 à plaques horizontales 61 montées dans une cuve 62 entourée d'une enveloppe 63 qui contient un liquide 64 pour transmettre les vibrations de haute fréquence générées par une sonotrode 19 montée sur ladite enveloppe D'une manière connue en soi, ces filtres sont statiques pendant l'opération de filtration Les plaques, montées sur un arbre creux central 65, sont entraînées en rotation par un moteur 66 pendant le nettoyage des plaques, le gâteau de substances résiduelles étant projeté par centrifugation contre les parois intérieures et récupéré au bas de la cuve 62FIG. 6 represents a filter 60 with horizontal plates 61 mounted in a tank 62 surrounded by an envelope 63 which contains a liquid 64 for transmitting the high frequency vibrations generated by a sonotrode 19 mounted on said envelope In a manner known per se, these filters are static during the filtration operation. The plates, mounted on a central hollow shaft 65, are rotated by a motor 66 during the cleaning of the plates, the cake of residual substances being projected. by centrifugation against the interior walls and recovered at the bottom of the tank 62
Le filtre 70 à plaques verticales 71 représenté par la figure 7 est également d'un type connu en soi. Selon l'invention, l'enceinte 72 du filtre à plaques 70 est partiellement entourée d'une enveloppe 73 sur laquelle est montée une sonotrode 19 agencée pour transmettre des vibrations de haute fréquence à un liquide 74 contenu dans ladite enveloppe Dans ce type de filtre, également appelé filtre-presse, les plaques sont de préférence une série de membranes qui sont changées à chaque cycle de filtration C'est pourquoi elles sont suspendues à un support 75 porté par un chariot mobile qui se déplace sur des rails d'un bâti 77The filter 70 with vertical plates 71 represented by FIG. 7 is also of a type known per se. According to the invention, the enclosure 72 of the plate filter 70 is partially surrounded by an envelope 73 on which is mounted a sonotrode 19 arranged to transmit high frequency vibrations to a liquid 74 contained in said envelope In this type of filter , also called filter press, the plates are preferably a series of membranes which are changed at each filtration cycle. This is why they are suspended from a support 75 carried by a mobile carriage which moves on rails of a frame. 77
La figure 8 représente une première forme de réalisation d'un filtre 80 à palette rotative Ce filtre se compose d'une enceinte 81 dans laquelle est montée un élément de filtration 82, du type membrane ou plaque perforée ou similaire, disposé horizontalement, à proximité du fond de cette enceinte Une palette rotative 83 entraînée en rotation par un axe 84 monté à la sortie d'un moteur électrique 85, assure un brassage mécanique de la substance à filtrer juste au-dessus de l'élément de filtration 82 Le filtrat est évacué par un conduit 86 qui est connecté à la cuve en dessous de l'élément de filtration et la matière résiduelle ou gâteau est évacuée latéralement à travers une chambre réceptrice 87 dont la porte de communication 88 avec l'enceinte 81 peut être ouverteFIG. 8 represents a first embodiment of a filter 80 with a rotary vane. This filter consists of an enclosure 81 in which is mounted a filtration element 82, of the membrane or perforated plate or similar type, arranged horizontally, close from the bottom of this enclosure A rotary paddle 83 driven in rotation by a pin 84 mounted at the outlet of an electric motor 85, ensures mechanical mixing of the substance to be filtered just above the filter element 82 The filtrate is discharged through a conduit 86 which is connected to the tank below the filter element and the residual material or cake is discharged laterally through a receiving chamber 87, the communication door 88 with the enclosure 81 can be opened
L'enceinte 81 est partiellement entourée d'une enveloppe 89 remplie d'un liquide qui est directement en communication avec une sonotrode 19 agencée pour émettre des vibrations de haute fréquence au filtre 80 et à son contenuThe enclosure 81 is partially surrounded by an envelope 89 filled with a liquid which is directly in communication with a sonotrode 19 arranged to emit high frequency vibrations to the filter 80 and to its content
Une deuxième sonotrode 19a peut être prévue et montée en communication avec un liquide 91 contenu dans un double fond 92 La figure 9 représente une variante de réalisation du filtre de la figure 8 Tous les composants mentionnes précédemment et qui se retrouvent dans cette réalisation portent les mêmes numéros de référence On notera que la sonotrode 19 est accouplée a une enveloppe 93 qui entoure partiellement le conduit d'évacuation 86 du filtrat et qui est remplie d'un liquide 94A second sonotrode 19a can be provided and mounted in communication with a liquid 91 contained in a double bottom 92 FIG. 9 represents an alternative embodiment of the filter of FIG. 8 All the components mentioned above and which are found in this embodiment bear the same reference numbers. It will be noted that the sonotrode 19 is coupled to an envelope 93 which partially surrounds the conduit of evacuation 86 of the filtrate and which is filled with a liquid 94
Cette disposition de la sonotrode peut être prévue en supplément d'une sonotrode couplée à l'enveloppe 89 ou en remplacement de cette dernière Dans ce dernier cas, l'enveloppe 89 ne contient de préférence pas de liquide 90, à moins que ce dernier soit utilisé à des fins de chauffage ou de refroidissementThis arrangement of the sonotrode can be provided in addition to a sonotrode coupled to the casing 89 or as a replacement for the latter. In the latter case, the casing 89 preferably does not contain liquid 90, unless the latter is used for heating or cooling purposes
La présence de la palette rotative 83 dans les deux filtres selon les figures 8 et 9 n'est pas obligatoire On pourrait envisager de réaliser des filtres ne comportant qu'un ou plusieurs éléments de filtration 82 montés parallèlement au fond de l'enceinte et disposés horizontalementThe presence of the rotary paddle 83 in the two filters according to FIGS. 8 and 9 is not compulsory. One could envisage making filters comprising only one or more filtration elements 82 mounted parallel to the bottom of the enclosure and arranged horizontally
La figure 10 représente une autre forme de filtre appelé filtre sous vide à tambour rotatif Ce filtre 100 comporte un bac 101 dans lequel on déverse la substance à filtrer, par exemple une suspension amenée par un conduit 102 Ce bac comporte une enveloppe 103 contenant un liquide et une sonotrode 19 est connectée à cette enveloppe Le filtrat est évacué par le moyeu 104 d'un tambour rotatif 105 soumis au vide et dont la paroi périphérique est recouverte d'une membrane de filtration 106 Les résidus de filtration ou gâteau sont évacués par un racleur 107 via un dispositif d'évacuation 108 Un conduit d'évacuation 109 du filtrat est connecté au moyeu 104 Un conduit de vidange 110 équipe le fond du bac 101FIG. 10 represents another form of filter called a rotary drum vacuum filter. This filter 100 comprises a tank 101 into which the substance to be filtered is poured, for example a suspension brought by a conduit 102 This tank comprises a casing 103 containing a liquid and a sonotrode 19 is connected to this envelope. The filtrate is evacuated by the hub 104 of a rotary drum 105 subjected to vacuum and the peripheral wall of which is covered with a filtration membrane 106 The filtration residues or cake are evacuated by a scraper 107 via a drainage device 108 A drainage pipe 109 for the filtrate is connected to the hub 104 A drainage pipe 110 is fitted to the bottom of the tank 101
La figure 11 représente un filtre 120 comportant un récipient 121 pourvu d'une enveloppe 122 contenant un liquide 123 et auquel est connectée une sonotrode 19 Un support 124 porte un filtre de profondeur 125, tel que par exemple du sable Une tubulure de trop-plein 126 est montée à l'intérieur du récipient Le filtrat est évacué par un conduit 127 qui peut être mis en communication avec un conduit de rinçage 128 La figure 12 représente un filtre 130 sensiblement similaire au filtre de la figure précédente Un élément de filtration 131 , par exemple une membrane est monté sur une enveloppe 132 remplie d'un liquide 133 qui est directement en contact avec une sonotrode 19 Le filtrat est recueilli par un conduit d'évacuation 134 couplé à un conduit de rinçage 135FIG. 11 represents a filter 120 comprising a container 121 provided with an envelope 122 containing a liquid 123 and to which a sonotrode 19 is connected. A support 124 carries a depth filter 125, such as for example sand. An overflow pipe 126 is mounted inside the container The filtrate is discharged through a pipe 127 which can be placed in communication with a rinsing pipe 128 FIG. 12 represents a filter 130 substantially similar to the filter of the previous figure A filtration element 131, for example a membrane is mounted on an envelope 132 filled with a liquid 133 which is directly in contact with a sonotrode 19 The filtrate is collected by a discharge pipe 134 coupled to a flushing pipe 135
La figure 13 représente un filtre à circulation continue 140 composé d'un récipient 141 divisé en deux chambres 142 et 143 séparées par un élément de filtration 144 La suspension à traiter est introduite par un orifice 145, le filtrat est évacué par un conduit 146 et la solution concentrée s'échappe par un orifice 147 Une enveloppe 148 remplie d'un liquide 149 entoure le récipient 141 Une sonotrode 19 est directement en contact avec le liquide 149FIG. 13 represents a continuous circulation filter 140 composed of a container 141 divided into two chambers 142 and 143 separated by a filtration element 144 The suspension to be treated is introduced through an orifice 145, the filtrate is evacuated through a conduit 146 and the concentrated solution escapes through an orifice 147 An envelope 148 filled with a liquid 149 surrounds the container 141 A sonotrode 19 is directly in contact with the liquid 149
La figure 14 représente un filtre 150 comportant un récipient 151 dans lequel est monté un élément de filtration statique 152 et un élément de filtration dynamique 153, entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe vertical 154, par un arbre entraîné 155 Le récipient est entouré d'une enveloppe 156 contenant un liquide 157 qui est directement en contact avec une sonotrode 19 Le filtrat est évacué par des conduits 158 et 159FIG. 14 represents a filter 150 comprising a container 151 in which is mounted a static filtration element 152 and a dynamic filtration element 153, driven in rotation about a vertical axis 154, by a driven shaft 155 The container is surrounded by '' an envelope 156 containing a liquid 157 which is directly in contact with a sonotrode 19 The filtrate is evacuated by conduits 158 and 159
La figure 15 représente un récipient 160 destiné à contenir une substance à homogénéiser et/ou dont il convient de séparer des composants comme par exemple des bulles d'air II comporte un agitateur 161 actionné en rotation par un moteur électrique 162 Une enveloppe 163 est remplie de liquide qui est directement en contact avec une sonotrode 19FIG. 15 represents a container 160 intended to contain a substance to be homogenized and / or from which it is advisable to separate components such as for example air bubbles II comprises an agitator 161 actuated in rotation by an electric motor 162 An envelope 163 is filled liquid which is directly in contact with a sonotrode 19
La figure 16 représente un mélangeur statique 170 comportant un récipient 171 parcouru par une substance pénétrant par un orifice 172 et sortant par un orifice 173 A l'intérieur est monté un assemblage de grilles ou d'éléments poreux 174 Une enveloppe 175 remplie d'un liquide 176 entoure le récipient Une sonotrode 19 est directement en contact avec le liquide 176FIG. 16 represents a static mixer 170 comprising a container 171 traversed by a substance penetrating through an orifice 172 and exiting through an orifice 173 Inside is mounted an assembly of grids or porous elements 174 An envelope 175 filled with a liquid 176 surrounds the container A sonotrode 19 is directly in contact with the liquid 176
L'invention ne se limite pas aux formes de réalisation décrites et représentées En particulier, toutes les constructions peuvent comporter une deuxième enveloppe vide qui a pour but de concentrer les vibrations de haute fréquence vers l'intérieur du récipient du séparateur ou du filtre pour augmenter l'efficacité de traitement D'autre part, les vibrations peuvent, de cas en cas, être appliquées directement sur les membranes filtrantes pour assurer un décolmatage permanent de ces membranes The invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown. In particular, all constructions can include a second empty envelope which is intended to concentrate the vibrations of high frequency towards the inside of the separator or filter container to increase the treatment efficiency On the other hand, vibrations can, from case to case, be applied directly to the filter membranes to ensure permanent unclogging of these membranes

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 Procédé pour filtrer des substances liquides ou pâteuses et/ou pour séparer des composants et/Ou des particules incluses dans ces substances ces substances étant contenues ou traversant une enceinte d un filtre et/ou d'un séparateur, caractérisé en ce que l'on soumet ces substances a des vibrations de haute fréquence au cours de ce procédé1 Method for filtering liquid or pasty substances and / or for separating components and / or particles included in these substances these substances being contained or passing through an enclosure of a filter and / or a separator, characterized in that the these substances are subjected to high frequency vibrations during this process
2 Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la fréquence des vibrations de haute fréquence que l'on applique est comprise entre 15 000 et2 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency of the high frequency vibrations which is applied is between 15,000 and
40 000 Hz et de préférence entre 20 000 et 23 000 Hz40,000 Hz and preferably between 20,000 and 23,000 Hz
3 Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'on applique lesdites vibrations de haute fréquence au moyen d'au moins une sonotrode, par l'intermédiaire d'un fluide contenu dans une enveloppe étanche3 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said high frequency vibrations are applied by means of at least one sonotrode, by means of a fluid contained in a sealed envelope
4 Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe étanche est disposée à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte contenant lesdites substances, les vibrations de haute fréquence étant transmises aux substances à travers les parois de l'enveloppe4 Method according to claim 3, characterized in that said sealed envelope is arranged inside said enclosure containing said substances, the high frequency vibrations being transmitted to the substances through the walls of the envelope
5 Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe étanche est disposée au moins partiellement à la périphérie de ladite enceinte, les vibrations de haute fréquence étant transmises aux substances à travers les parois de l'enceinte5 Method according to claim 3, characterized in that said sealed envelope is disposed at least partially on the periphery of said enclosure, the high frequency vibrations being transmitted to the substances through the walls of the enclosure
6 Appareil pour filtrer des substances liquides ou pâteuses et/ou pour séparer des composants de ces substances et/ou des particules incluses dans ces substances, cet appareil comportant au moins une enceinte contenant les substances ou traversée par elles, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un dispositif agencé pour soumettre ces substances à des vibrations de haute fréquence pendant l'opération de filtration et/ou de séparation6 Apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances and / or for separating components of these substances and / or particles included in these substances, this apparatus comprising at least one enclosure containing the substances or traversed by them, characterized in that it includes at least one device designed to subject these substances to high frequency vibrations during the filtration and / or separation operation
7 Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comporte au moins une sonotrode (19) agencée pour appliquer lesdites vibrations de haute fréquence auxdites substances par l'intermédiaire d'un fluide contenu dans une enveloppe périphérique étanche7 Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the device comprises at least one sonotrode (19) arranged to apply said high frequency vibrations to said substances via a fluid contained in a sealed peripheral envelope
8 Appareil selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe périphérique (13) étanche est disposée à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte contenant lesdites substances à traiter8 Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that said sealed peripheral envelope (13) is disposed inside said enclosure containing said substances to be treated
9 Appareil selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe périphérique étanche est disposée à l'extérieur de ladite enceinte, au moins partiellement à la périphérie de cette dernière9 Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that said sealed peripheral envelope is disposed outside of said enclosure, at least partially at the periphery of the latter
10 Appareil selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe périphérique étanche constitue un double manteau associé à ladite enceinte, le fluide contenu dans cette enveloppe étant directement en contact avec les parois extérieures de l'enceinte.10 Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that said sealed peripheral envelope constitutes a double mantle associated with said enclosure, the fluid contained in this envelope being directly in contact with the outer walls of the enclosure.
11 Appareil selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une deuxième enveloppe( 13a) entourant au moins partiellement le double manteau, cette deuxième enveloppe étant vide pour concentrer les vibrations de haute fréquence vers ladite enveloppe périphérique étanche11 Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises a second envelope (13a) at least partially surrounding the double mantle, this second envelope being empty to concentrate the high frequency vibrations towards said sealed peripheral envelope
12 Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un élément de filtration (140) monté sur un double fond (41) et/ou sur un support contenant du liquide (142) et une sonotrode (43) directement en contact avec ledit liquide du double fond et/ou du support12 Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises at least one filtration element (140) mounted on a double bottom (41) and / or on a support containing liquid (142) and a sonotrode (43) directly in contact with said liquid from the double bottom and / or from the support
13 Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte à la fois une sonotrode (19) directement en contact avec un liquide contenu dans une enveloppe périphérique (89) étanche et une sonotrode (19a) en contact avec un liquide (91 ) contenu dans un organe de support portant au moins un élément de filtration 13 Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises both a sonotrode (19) directly in contact with a liquid contained in a sealed peripheral envelope (89) and a sonotrode (19a) in contact with a liquid (91 ) contained in a support member carrying at least one filtration element
PCT/CH1996/000443 1995-12-18 1996-12-17 Method and apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances and/or separating components therefrom WO1997022398A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP09522389A JP2000501651A (en) 1995-12-18 1996-12-17 Method and apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances or separating components contained in these substances
EP96940975A EP0876186A1 (en) 1995-12-18 1996-12-17 Method and apparatus for filtering liquid or pasty substances and/or separating components therefrom

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR95/15799 1995-12-18
FR9515799A FR2742352B1 (en) 1995-12-18 1995-12-18 PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR FILTERING LIQUID OR PASTY SUBSTANCES AND / OR FOR SEPARATING COMPONENTS INCLUDED IN SUCH SUBSTANCES

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DE20119909U1 (en) * 2001-12-10 2002-08-08 Lauth Werner Filter element for liquids with blocking protection
US7846341B2 (en) 2006-12-04 2010-12-07 Bacoustics, Llc Method of ultrasonically treating a continuous flow of fluid
EP2402075A1 (en) * 2010-06-28 2012-01-04 Bühler AG Method and device for producing vesicles
WO2020086432A1 (en) * 2018-10-23 2020-04-30 Moonshot Brewing Holdings, Inc. Device and method for optimized select analyte extraction

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US6395186B1 (en) * 2000-06-20 2002-05-28 Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. Pressure liquid filtration with ultrasonic bridging prevention
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US7445716B2 (en) 2004-01-05 2008-11-04 Eaton Lp Crossflow pressure liquid filtration with ultrasonic enhancement
US8459121B2 (en) * 2010-10-28 2013-06-11 Covaris, Inc. Method and system for acoustically treating material
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US9808778B2 (en) 2012-05-31 2017-11-07 Resodyn Corporation Mechanical system that continuously processes a combination of materials
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US10835880B2 (en) 2017-09-05 2020-11-17 Resodyn Corporation Continuous acoustic mixer

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EP0584685A2 (en) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-02 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Reactor for carrying out chemical reactions

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20119909U1 (en) * 2001-12-10 2002-08-08 Lauth Werner Filter element for liquids with blocking protection
US7846341B2 (en) 2006-12-04 2010-12-07 Bacoustics, Llc Method of ultrasonically treating a continuous flow of fluid
EP2402075A1 (en) * 2010-06-28 2012-01-04 Bühler AG Method and device for producing vesicles
WO2012001011A1 (en) * 2010-06-28 2012-01-05 Bühler AG Method and device for producing vesicles
WO2020086432A1 (en) * 2018-10-23 2020-04-30 Moonshot Brewing Holdings, Inc. Device and method for optimized select analyte extraction
WO2020086431A1 (en) * 2018-10-23 2020-04-30 Moonshot Brewing Holdings, Inc. Optimized select analyte extraction device and method

Also Published As

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FR2742352A1 (en) 1997-06-20
FR2742352B1 (en) 1998-02-27
JP2000501651A (en) 2000-02-15
EP0876186A1 (en) 1998-11-11

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