WO1996028846A1 - Heat sink - Google Patents

Heat sink Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996028846A1
WO1996028846A1 PCT/GB1996/000567 GB9600567W WO9628846A1 WO 1996028846 A1 WO1996028846 A1 WO 1996028846A1 GB 9600567 W GB9600567 W GB 9600567W WO 9628846 A1 WO9628846 A1 WO 9628846A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fins
metal
heat sink
walls
wax
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1996/000567
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Mcquade
Original Assignee
Barr & Stroud Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Barr & Stroud Limited filed Critical Barr & Stroud Limited
Publication of WO1996028846A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996028846A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/42—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or encapsulations selected or arranged to facilitate heating or cooling
    • H01L23/427—Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes
    • H01L23/4275—Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes by melting or evaporation of solids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
    • F28D2021/0029—Heat sinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat sinks particularly for use with devices, typically electrical or electronic devices for dissipating heat generated by such devices.
  • heat sinks are well known some of which comprise a metal structure having an extended surface area which is exposed to a current of air or liquid as the heat dissipating medium.
  • the air current may be by natural convection or may be fan generated.
  • the liquid may be pumped.
  • Another known form of heat sink which may also be force cooled, has the metal structure in the form of a framework forming a plurality of cells each housing a body of wax. The wax absorbs heat delivered to one of the metal walls of the framework firstly by temperature increase and then by phase change, from solid to liquid, which is equivalent to a temperature rise of about 150°C.
  • a heat sink comprising a unitary metal framework made of highly thermally-conductive metal, having a pair of metal walls extending substantially parallel to each other and held in spaced mutual relationship by a plurality of metal fins, the fins being substantially parallel to each other and extending transversely to the metal walls, the arrangement being such that the framework defines a plurality of cells between adjacent fins, the cells being substantially filled with a fill material of low thermal conductivity and high latent heat of fusion, characterised by selecting the following features in combination: i) the metal is aluminium; ii) the fins have a thickness in the range 0.10 to
  • the fill material is a wax.
  • the effective thermal resistance of the heat sink is very low, significantly lower than hitherto which results in the temperature of the metal wall input face being maintained at a comparatively low temperature, typically not more than 5°C greater than the temperature at which the wax fill material melts, until the entirety of the wax fill material has melted.
  • the heat sink is comparatively small in size and weight.
  • the wax fill material may be any one of a number of different waxes having different melt temperatures and latent heat of fusion.
  • Particular waxes may be selected for any particular application of the heat sink, for example from the data listed in the "Handbook of Chemistry and Physics" published from time to time by CRC Press, Inc. (for example, the 65th edition published in 1984/5) .
  • the waxes may be long-chain hydrocarbons or silicone based materials. They are selected because they are inexpensive and non-toxic, usually with a melting temperature below 150°C. Also, they have comparatively low thermal conductivity.
  • the drawing shows a heat sink 10 comprising a unitary metal framework made of aluminium which is a highly thermally-conductive metal.
  • the framework is formed of a pair of substantially parallel walls 1 which are comparatively thick and which are interconnected and held in spaced mutual relationship by a plurality of spaced fins 2 which are comparatively thin.
  • the fins 2 are substantially parallel to each other and extend transversely, preferably orthogonally, to the walls 1.
  • the spaces between adjacent fins 2 and bonded by the walls 1 define cells 4 which are substantially filled with wax material of low thermal conductivity and high latent heat of fusion.
  • the fins 2 are about 0.15 mm thick and have a pitch or spacing 3 which is less than 1.5 mm and for example 0.'65mm.
  • the walls 1 are typically 0.4mm in thickness and are spaced apart typically by about 5 to 10mm although this is not critical.
  • the wax may for example be Naphthalene 1,7- dichloro which has a melting point of about 63°C and a latent heat of fusion of about 250 KJ/kg.
  • one of the metal walls 1 forms the heat input face of the heat sink 10 and is placed in intimate contact with a device which is to be cooled. Because the aluminium is highly thermally conductive heat is rapidly transferred by conduction to each of the fins 2.
  • the fins 2 are both thin and closely spaced so that there is a very large increase in surface area of fins and wax.
  • the thickness of each wax filled cell 4 is comparatively small so that the thermal path length to the centre of each cell 4 is comparatively small and accordingly the thermal resistance of the sink 10 is comparatively low notwithstanding the low thermal conductivity of the wax.

Abstract

A heat sink (10) is formed by an aluminium framework composed of thick walls (1) interconnected by thin fins (2). The fins (2) are about 0.10 to 0.20 mm in thickness and are spaced apart by about 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm so as to form cells (4). The cells (4) are filled with a wax.

Description

HEAT S INK
This invention relates to heat sinks particularly for use with devices, typically electrical or electronic devices for dissipating heat generated by such devices.
Various forms of heat sinks are well known some of which comprise a metal structure having an extended surface area which is exposed to a current of air or liquid as the heat dissipating medium. The air current may be by natural convection or may be fan generated. The liquid may be pumped. Another known form of heat sink, which may also be force cooled, has the metal structure in the form of a framework forming a plurality of cells each housing a body of wax. The wax absorbs heat delivered to one of the metal walls of the framework firstly by temperature increase and then by phase change, from solid to liquid, which is equivalent to a temperature rise of about 150°C.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved form of heat sink.
According to the present invention there is provided a heat sink comprising a unitary metal framework made of highly thermally-conductive metal, having a pair of metal walls extending substantially parallel to each other and held in spaced mutual relationship by a plurality of metal fins, the fins being substantially parallel to each other and extending transversely to the metal walls, the arrangement being such that the framework defines a plurality of cells between adjacent fins, the cells being substantially filled with a fill material of low thermal conductivity and high latent heat of fusion, characterised by selecting the following features in combination: i) the metal is aluminium; ii) the fins have a thickness in the range 0.10 to
0.20 mm; iii) the spacing between the fins is in the range 0.5 to 1.5 mm; iv) the fill material is a wax. By virtue of the present invention the effective thermal resistance of the heat sink is very low, significantly lower than hitherto which results in the temperature of the metal wall input face being maintained at a comparatively low temperature, typically not more than 5°C greater than the temperature at which the wax fill material melts, until the entirety of the wax fill material has melted. Thus there is highly efficient removal of heat from the heat source and forced cooling of the heat sink is not required. Additionally, the heat sink is comparatively small in size and weight.
It will be understood that the wax fill material may be any one of a number of different waxes having different melt temperatures and latent heat of fusion. Particular waxes may be selected for any particular application of the heat sink, for example from the data listed in the "Handbook of Chemistry and Physics" published from time to time by CRC Press, Inc. (for example, the 65th edition published in 1984/5) . The waxes may be long-chain hydrocarbons or silicone based materials. They are selected because they are inexpensive and non-toxic, usually with a melting temperature below 150°C. Also, they have comparatively low thermal conductivity.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompany diagrammatic drawing.
The drawing shows a heat sink 10 comprising a unitary metal framework made of aluminium which is a highly thermally-conductive metal. The framework is formed of a pair of substantially parallel walls 1 which are comparatively thick and which are interconnected and held in spaced mutual relationship by a plurality of spaced fins 2 which are comparatively thin. The fins 2 are substantially parallel to each other and extend transversely, preferably orthogonally, to the walls 1. The spaces between adjacent fins 2 and bonded by the walls 1 define cells 4 which are substantially filled with wax material of low thermal conductivity and high latent heat of fusion.
The fins 2 are about 0.15 mm thick and have a pitch or spacing 3 which is less than 1.5 mm and for example 0.'65mm. The walls 1 are typically 0.4mm in thickness and are spaced apart typically by about 5 to 10mm although this is not critical. The wax may for example be Naphthalene 1,7- dichloro which has a melting point of about 63°C and a latent heat of fusion of about 250 KJ/kg.
In use, one of the metal walls 1 forms the heat input face of the heat sink 10 and is placed in intimate contact with a device which is to be cooled. Because the aluminium is highly thermally conductive heat is rapidly transferred by conduction to each of the fins 2. The fins 2 are both thin and closely spaced so that there is a very large increase in surface area of fins and wax. The thickness of each wax filled cell 4 is comparatively small so that the thermal path length to the centre of each cell 4 is comparatively small and accordingly the thermal resistance of the sink 10 is comparatively low notwithstanding the low thermal conductivity of the wax. This results in the temperature of the heat input face 1 being held at not more than about 68°C which is only 5°C more than the temperature at which the wax melts until such time as the entirety of the wax has melted. Heat dissipation is therefore highly efficient without any requirement to have forced cooling or large exposed surface areas with fin pitches typically greater than 2mm suitable for natural or forced convection.

Claims

Claims
1 A heat sink comprising a unitary metal framework made of highly thermally-conductive metal, having a pair of metal walls (1) extending substantially parallel to each other and held in spaced mutual relationship by a plurality of metal fins (2) , the fins (2) being substantially parallel to each other and extending transversely to the metal walls (1) , the arrangement being such that the framework defines a plurality of cells (4) between adjacent fins, the cells being substantially filled with a fill material of low thermal conductivity and high latent heat of fusion, characterised by selecting the following features in combination: i) the metal is aluminium; ii) the fins have a thickness in the range 0.10 to 0.20 mm; iii) the spacing between the fins is in the range 0.5 to 1.5 mm; iv) the fill material is a wax.
2 A heat sink as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the walls (1) are about 0.4mm in thickness and are spaced apart by a distance in the range 5 to 10mm.
3 A heat sink as claimed in Claim 1 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
PCT/GB1996/000567 1995-03-14 1996-03-12 Heat sink WO1996028846A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9505069.6 1995-03-14
GBGB9505069.6A GB9505069D0 (en) 1995-03-14 1995-03-14 Heat sink

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996028846A1 true WO1996028846A1 (en) 1996-09-19

Family

ID=10771136

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/000567 WO1996028846A1 (en) 1995-03-14 1996-03-12 Heat sink

Country Status (3)

Country Link
GB (1) GB9505069D0 (en)
IL (1) IL117464A0 (en)
WO (1) WO1996028846A1 (en)

Cited By (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0987799A2 (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-03-22 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. Laser system using phase change material for thermal control
WO2000037873A1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-06-29 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) A device for temperature control
WO2001069360A1 (en) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-20 Ekl Ag Cooling device for electronic components
US6351478B1 (en) 1998-09-11 2002-02-26 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. Passively cooled solid-state laser
CN100568492C (en) * 2006-12-06 2009-12-09 中国科学院电工研究所 Heat radiator of computer CPU
CN102065669A (en) * 2010-11-16 2011-05-18 浙江大学 Efficient cooling system for outdoor mobile communication base station equipment
US20110309800A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Bertness Kevin I Battery maintenance device with thermal buffer
WO2012107523A1 (en) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Heat-absorbing device with phase-change material
US8513949B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2013-08-20 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester or charger with databus connection
US20140268564A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Finsix Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling heat in power conversion systems
US8872516B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2014-10-28 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester mounted in a vehicle
US8872517B2 (en) 1996-07-29 2014-10-28 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester with battery age input
US8937976B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2015-01-20 Northrop Grumman Systems Corp. Tunable system for generating an optical pulse based on a double-pass semiconductor optical amplifier
US8958998B2 (en) 1997-11-03 2015-02-17 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester with network communication
US8963550B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2015-02-24 Midtronics, Inc. System for automatically gathering battery information
US9018958B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2015-04-28 Midtronics, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter of a vehicle electrical system
US9052366B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2015-06-09 Midtronics, Inc. Battery testers with secondary functionality
US9201120B2 (en) 2010-08-12 2015-12-01 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester for testing storage battery
US9229062B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2016-01-05 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic storage battery diagnostic system
US9244100B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-01-26 Midtronics, Inc. Current clamp with jaw closure detection
US9255955B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2016-02-09 Midtronics, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter of a vehicle electrical system
US9274157B2 (en) 2007-07-17 2016-03-01 Midtronics, Inc. Battery tester for electric vehicle
US9312575B2 (en) 2013-05-16 2016-04-12 Midtronics, Inc. Battery testing system and method
US9335362B2 (en) 2007-07-17 2016-05-10 Midtronics, Inc. Battery tester for electric vehicle
US9425487B2 (en) 2010-03-03 2016-08-23 Midtronics, Inc. Monitor for front terminal batteries
US9496720B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2016-11-15 Midtronics, Inc. System for automatically gathering battery information
US9588185B2 (en) 2010-02-25 2017-03-07 Keith S. Champlin Method and apparatus for detecting cell deterioration in an electrochemical cell or battery
US9590388B2 (en) 2011-01-11 2017-03-07 Northrop Grumman Systems Corp. Microchannel cooler for a single laser diode emitter based system
US9851411B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2017-12-26 Keith S. Champlin Suppressing HF cable oscillations during dynamic measurements of cells and batteries
US9923289B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2018-03-20 Midtronics, Inc. Battery clamp with endoskeleton design
US9966676B2 (en) 2015-09-28 2018-05-08 Midtronics, Inc. Kelvin connector adapter for storage battery
US10046649B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2018-08-14 Midtronics, Inc. Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device
US10222397B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2019-03-05 Midtronics, Inc. Cable connector for electronic battery tester
US10317468B2 (en) 2015-01-26 2019-06-11 Midtronics, Inc. Alternator tester
US10429449B2 (en) 2011-11-10 2019-10-01 Midtronics, Inc. Battery pack tester
US10473555B2 (en) 2014-07-14 2019-11-12 Midtronics, Inc. Automotive maintenance system
US10608353B2 (en) 2016-06-28 2020-03-31 Midtronics, Inc. Battery clamp
US10843574B2 (en) 2013-12-12 2020-11-24 Midtronics, Inc. Calibration and programming of in-vehicle battery sensors
US11054480B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2021-07-06 Midtronics, Inc. Electrical load for electronic battery tester and electronic battery tester including such electrical load
US11325479B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2022-05-10 Midtronics, Inc. Hybrid and electric vehicle battery maintenance device
US11474153B2 (en) 2019-11-12 2022-10-18 Midtronics, Inc. Battery pack maintenance system
US11486930B2 (en) 2020-01-23 2022-11-01 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester with battery clamp storage holsters
US11513160B2 (en) 2018-11-29 2022-11-29 Midtronics, Inc. Vehicle battery maintenance device
US11545839B2 (en) 2019-11-05 2023-01-03 Midtronics, Inc. System for charging a series of connected batteries
US11566972B2 (en) 2019-07-31 2023-01-31 Midtronics, Inc. Tire tread gauge using visual indicator
US11650259B2 (en) 2010-06-03 2023-05-16 Midtronics, Inc. Battery pack maintenance for electric vehicle
US11668779B2 (en) 2019-11-11 2023-06-06 Midtronics, Inc. Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device
US11740294B2 (en) 2010-06-03 2023-08-29 Midtronics, Inc. High use battery pack maintenance
US11973202B2 (en) 2020-12-29 2024-04-30 Midtronics, Inc. Intelligent module interface for battery maintenance device

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US8872517B2 (en) 1996-07-29 2014-10-28 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester with battery age input
US8958998B2 (en) 1997-11-03 2015-02-17 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester with network communication
EP0987799A3 (en) * 1998-09-11 2001-01-10 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. Laser system using phase change material for thermal control
US6351478B1 (en) 1998-09-11 2002-02-26 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. Passively cooled solid-state laser
US6570895B2 (en) 1998-09-11 2003-05-27 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. Laser system using phase change material for thermal control
EP0987799A2 (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-03-22 Cutting Edge Optronics, Inc. Laser system using phase change material for thermal control
WO2000037873A1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-06-29 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) A device for temperature control
WO2001069360A1 (en) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-20 Ekl Ag Cooling device for electronic components
DE10012990A1 (en) * 2000-03-16 2001-10-11 Ekl Ag Cooling device for electronic components has latent heat store for heat from electronic component that can no longer be absorbed by passive cooling element
US8513949B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2013-08-20 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester or charger with databus connection
US9052366B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2015-06-09 Midtronics, Inc. Battery testers with secondary functionality
US8872516B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2014-10-28 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester mounted in a vehicle
US9018958B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2015-04-28 Midtronics, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter of a vehicle electrical system
US9255955B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2016-02-09 Midtronics, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter of a vehicle electrical system
US8963550B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2015-02-24 Midtronics, Inc. System for automatically gathering battery information
US9496720B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2016-11-15 Midtronics, Inc. System for automatically gathering battery information
CN100568492C (en) * 2006-12-06 2009-12-09 中国科学院电工研究所 Heat radiator of computer CPU
US9335362B2 (en) 2007-07-17 2016-05-10 Midtronics, Inc. Battery tester for electric vehicle
US9274157B2 (en) 2007-07-17 2016-03-01 Midtronics, Inc. Battery tester for electric vehicle
US9588185B2 (en) 2010-02-25 2017-03-07 Keith S. Champlin Method and apparatus for detecting cell deterioration in an electrochemical cell or battery
US9425487B2 (en) 2010-03-03 2016-08-23 Midtronics, Inc. Monitor for front terminal batteries
US9229062B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2016-01-05 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic storage battery diagnostic system
US11740294B2 (en) 2010-06-03 2023-08-29 Midtronics, Inc. High use battery pack maintenance
US11650259B2 (en) 2010-06-03 2023-05-16 Midtronics, Inc. Battery pack maintenance for electric vehicle
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WO2011159455A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Midtronics, Inc. Battery maintenance device with thermal buffer
US20110309800A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Bertness Kevin I Battery maintenance device with thermal buffer
US9419311B2 (en) * 2010-06-18 2016-08-16 Midtronics, Inc. Battery maintenance device with thermal buffer
US9201120B2 (en) 2010-08-12 2015-12-01 Midtronics, Inc. Electronic battery tester for testing storage battery
CN102065669A (en) * 2010-11-16 2011-05-18 浙江大学 Efficient cooling system for outdoor mobile communication base station equipment
US9590388B2 (en) 2011-01-11 2017-03-07 Northrop Grumman Systems Corp. Microchannel cooler for a single laser diode emitter based system
US9291406B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2016-03-22 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Heat-absorbing device with phase-change material
WO2012107523A1 (en) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Heat-absorbing device with phase-change material
FR2971581A1 (en) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-17 Commissariat Energie Atomique THERMAL ABSORBER DEVICE HAVING A PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL
US10429449B2 (en) 2011-11-10 2019-10-01 Midtronics, Inc. Battery pack tester
US11548404B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2023-01-10 Midtronics, Inc. Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device
US11926224B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2024-03-12 Midtronics, Inc. Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device
US11325479B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2022-05-10 Midtronics, Inc. Hybrid and electric vehicle battery maintenance device
US9851411B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2017-12-26 Keith S. Champlin Suppressing HF cable oscillations during dynamic measurements of cells and batteries
US10046649B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2018-08-14 Midtronics, Inc. Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device
US8937976B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2015-01-20 Northrop Grumman Systems Corp. Tunable system for generating an optical pulse based on a double-pass semiconductor optical amplifier
US9276375B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2016-03-01 Northrop Grumman Systems Corp. Tunable system for generating an optical pulse based on a double-pass semiconductor optical amplifier
US9861015B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2018-01-02 Finsix Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling heat in power conversion systems
US20140268564A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Finsix Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling heat in power conversion systems
US9244100B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-01-26 Midtronics, Inc. Current clamp with jaw closure detection
US9312575B2 (en) 2013-05-16 2016-04-12 Midtronics, Inc. Battery testing system and method
US10843574B2 (en) 2013-12-12 2020-11-24 Midtronics, Inc. Calibration and programming of in-vehicle battery sensors
US9923289B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2018-03-20 Midtronics, Inc. Battery clamp with endoskeleton design
US10473555B2 (en) 2014-07-14 2019-11-12 Midtronics, Inc. Automotive maintenance system
US10222397B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2019-03-05 Midtronics, Inc. Cable connector for electronic battery tester
US10317468B2 (en) 2015-01-26 2019-06-11 Midtronics, Inc. Alternator tester
US9966676B2 (en) 2015-09-28 2018-05-08 Midtronics, Inc. Kelvin connector adapter for storage battery
US10608353B2 (en) 2016-06-28 2020-03-31 Midtronics, Inc. Battery clamp
US11054480B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2021-07-06 Midtronics, Inc. Electrical load for electronic battery tester and electronic battery tester including such electrical load
US11513160B2 (en) 2018-11-29 2022-11-29 Midtronics, Inc. Vehicle battery maintenance device
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