WO1996019207A1 - Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent - Google Patents

Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996019207A1
WO1996019207A1 PCT/SE1995/001541 SE9501541W WO9619207A1 WO 1996019207 A1 WO1996019207 A1 WO 1996019207A1 SE 9501541 W SE9501541 W SE 9501541W WO 9619207 A1 WO9619207 A1 WO 9619207A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powder formulation
powder
melezitose
polypeptide
enhancer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1995/001541
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Kjell Bäckström
Ann Johansson
Helena Linden
Original Assignee
Astra Aktiebolag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to UA97073876A priority Critical patent/UA44757C2/en
Priority to DK95942342T priority patent/DK0799030T3/en
Priority to SK812-97A priority patent/SK283147B6/en
Priority to CZ19971946A priority patent/CZ288487B6/en
Priority to BR9510422A priority patent/BR9510422A/en
Priority to EE9700135A priority patent/EE03381B1/en
Priority to PL95320751A priority patent/PL183944B1/en
Priority to DE69527542T priority patent/DE69527542T2/en
Priority to US08/617,753 priority patent/US6004574A/en
Priority to RU97112496A priority patent/RU2144819C1/en
Application filed by Astra Aktiebolag filed Critical Astra Aktiebolag
Priority to AT95942342T priority patent/ATE220900T1/en
Priority to JP8519731A priority patent/JPH10510828A/en
Priority to AU43592/96A priority patent/AU702898B2/en
Priority to EP95942342A priority patent/EP0799030B1/en
Priority to NZ298168A priority patent/NZ298168A/en
Publication of WO1996019207A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996019207A1/en
Priority to IS4495A priority patent/IS1848B/en
Priority to NO19972660A priority patent/NO315966B1/en
Priority to MXPA/A/1997/004551A priority patent/MXPA97004551A/en
Priority to FI972654A priority patent/FI972654A0/en
Priority to HK98102788A priority patent/HK1003619A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
    • A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
    • A61K9/0075—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy for inhalation via a dry powder inhaler [DPI], e.g. comprising micronized drug mixed with lactose carrier particles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
    • A61K31/575—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of three or more carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, ergosterol, sitosterol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/22—Hormones
    • A61K38/28—Insulins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/43—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/46—Hydrolases (3)
    • A61K38/465—Hydrolases (3) acting on ester bonds (3.1), e.g. lipases, ribonucleases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
    • A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
    • A61K9/008—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy comprising drug dissolved or suspended in liquid propellant for inhalation via a pressurized metered dose inhaler [MDI]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
    • A61P5/48—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones
    • A61P5/50—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones for increasing or potentiating the activity of insulin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
    • A61K9/145—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to powder formulations containing medically useful polypeptides.
  • Polypeptide powders containing medically useful polypeptides and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents may be prepared for administration by inhalation or otherwise.
  • Inhalable polypeptide powder preparations have been described in WO95/00127 and WO95/00128.
  • Diluents are commonplace in pharmaceutical preparations, especially in formulations for inhalation. They are used to stabilise various drugs during manufacture and storage and to adjust the amount of powder making up unit doses - in general, powder inhalers are capable of delivering a drug substance with good dose accuracy only for certain dose sizes, while different drugs have different potencies and must therefore be delivered in different amounts. As these amounts are often too small for proper dose accuracy to be ensured, diluents are added to give the desired dose size.
  • reducing sugars such as lactose and glucose have been used as diluents in polypeptide powder formulations. These however have a tendency to react with polypeptides and are therefore unsatisfactory.
  • non-reducing sugars such as raffmose, melezitose, lactitol, maltitol, trehalose, sucrose, mannitol and starch may be preferred additives for the polypeptide powders.
  • melezitose is an exceptionally good diluent compared with other possible non-reducing sugar diluents for polypeptide powder formulations, giving an unexpectedly high respirable fraction of powder when inhaled.
  • the present invention provides a powder formulation for the administration of medically useful polypeptides, comprising a medically useful polypeptide with melezitose as diluent.
  • Administration is preferably by inhalation.
  • the melezitose may comprise for example D-melezitose ( ⁇ -D-melezitose), ⁇ -D- glucopyranoside, O- ⁇ -D- glucopyranosyl-l,3- ⁇ -D-fructofuranosyl ( ⁇ -D-melezitose) or isomelezitose.
  • the melezitose may be for example in the form of the monohydrate or dihydrate.
  • the powder formulation of the present invention has been found to be very effective upon oral inhalation, giving a superior fraction of respirable particles compared with powder formulations with other diluents, as is described herein. As a result, a higher fraction of the inhaled powder will reach the lungs and a higher fraction of the polypeptide is utilised.
  • the powder formulation of the present invention is also suitable for use in nasal inhalation.
  • the powder formulation of the present invention is suitable for both systemic and local treatment.
  • an enhancer i.e. a substance which enhances the absorption of the polypeptide in the respiratory tract, should generally be included in the formulation.
  • Such substances are included in WO95/00127 and WO95/00128, incorporated herein by reference.
  • small polypeptides are absorbed in the respiratory tract without the aid of an enhancer.
  • an enhancer may be excluded from the formulations of melezitose and the medically useful polypeptide.
  • the present invention provides a powder comprising a medically useful polypeptide and melezitose; a powder comprising a medically useful polypeptide and melezitose and specifically including an enhancer; and a powder comprising a medically useful polypeptide and melezitose, specifically excluding an enhancer.
  • the powder according to the present invention excluding an enhancer is most useful (a) when local action of the polypeptide is desired; or (b) when systemic action of smaller polypeptides which are absorbed in the respiratory tract without the aid of an enhancer is desired.
  • Polypeptides which are absorbed in the respiratory tract without the aid of an enhancer may be identified using conventional cell or, preferably, animal models, in the latter case by comparing plasma polypeptide levels following administration, for example by means of a Wright Dust Feed apparatus, of powders with and without enhancer.
  • the powder specifically including an enhancer according to the present invention is most useful when systemic action of polypeptides which are not absorbed in the respiratory tract without the aid of an enhancer, is desired.
  • Preferred enhancers include Cg. ⁇ fatty acids and salts thereof, bile salts, phospholipids and alkyl saccharides.
  • C 8 -Ci6 fatty acids salts are preferred.
  • preferred fatty acid salts are sodium, potassium and lysine salts of caprylate (C 8 ), caprate (Cio), laurate (C ⁇ 2 ) and myristate (C ⁇ 4 ).
  • C 8 -Ci6 fatty acids salts are sodium, potassium and lysine salts of caprylate (C 8 ), caprate (Cio), laurate (C ⁇ 2 ) and myristate (C ⁇ 4 ).
  • a particularly preferred fatty acid salt is sodium caprate.
  • Suitable bile salts may be for example salts of cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, and ursodeoxycholic acid.
  • trihydroxy bile salts are preferred. More preferred are the salts of cholic, glycocholic and taurocholic acids, especially the sodium and potassium salts thereof. The most preferred bile salt is sodium taurocholate.
  • Suitable phospholipids may be for example single-chain phospholipids, for example lysophosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylglycerols, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, lysophosphatidylinositols and lysophosphatidylserines or double-chain phospholipids, for example diacylphosphatidylcholii.es, diacylphosphatidylglycerols, diacylphosphatidylethanolamines, diacylphosphatidyiinositols and diacylphosphatidylserines.
  • diacylphosphatidylcholii.es diacylphosphatidylglycerols
  • diacylphosphatidylethanolamines diacylphosphatidyiinositols and diacylphosphatidylserines.
  • diacylphosphatidylglycerols and diacylphosphatidylcholines are preferred, for example dioctanoylphosphatidylglycerol and dioctanoylphosphatidylcholine.
  • Suitable alkyl saccharides may be for example alkyl glucosides or alkyl maltosides, such as decyl glucoside and dodecyl maltoside.
  • the most preferred enhancers are bile salts.
  • the polypeptide may be any medically or diagnostically useful peptide or protein of small to medium size, i.e. up to about 40 kD molecular weight (MW). It is expected that polypeptides having a molecular weight of up to 30 kD will be most useful in the present invention, such as polypeptides having a molecular weight of up to 25 kD or up to 20 kD, and especially up to 15 kD, up to lOkD, or up to 5 kD.
  • MW molecular weight
  • the polypeptide is preferably a peptide hormone such as insulin, glucagon, C-peptide of insulin, vasopressin, desmopressin, corticotropin (ACTH), corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists and antagonists, gonadotrophin (luteinizing hormone, or LHRH), calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH).
  • a peptide hormone such as insulin, glucagon, C-peptide of insulin, vasopressin, desmopressin, corticotropin (ACTH), corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists and antagonists, gonadotrophin (luteinizing hormone, or LHRH), calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH).
  • bioactive fragments of PTH such as PTH(34) and PTH(38), growth hormone (GH) (for example human growth hormone (hGH)), growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), somatostatin, oxytocin, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), deoxyribonuclease (DNase), prolactin, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and analogues of any of the above.
  • GH growth hormone
  • hGH human growth hormone
  • GHRH growth hormone releasing hormone
  • somatostatin oxytocin
  • AMF atrial natriuretic factor
  • TRH thyrotropin releasing hormone
  • DNase deoxyribonuclease
  • FSH follicle stimulating hormone
  • polypeptides include growth factors, interleukins, polypeptide vaccines, enzymes, endorphins, glycoproteins, lipoproteins, and polypeptides involved in the blood coagulation cascade.
  • the preferred polypeptide is insulin.
  • melezitose may be present in an amount of up to almost 100% by weight of the total powder.
  • the melezitose may be present in an amount between 20% and almost 100%, for example between 30% and almost 100% or between 40% and almost 100%, or between 50% and almost 100%, e.g between 60% and almost 100%, or between 65% and almost 100%, such as between 65% and 99% or between around 70% and around 99% such as between 80% and 98% by weight of the total weight of powder.
  • certain additives for example for pH regulation, for example organic or inorganic salts, to give taste, or to increase stability, for example preservatives, carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides and proteins, may also be included in the formulation.
  • the polypeptide When the powder preparation of the present invention is intended for oral inhalation the polypeptide should consist of (a) primary particles having a diameter of less than about 10 microns, for example between 0.01 and 10 microns and preferably between 0.1 and 6 microns, for example between 0.01 and 5 micons, or (b) agglomerates of said particles. Preferably at least 50% of the polypeptide consists of particles within the desired size range. For example at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80% and most preferably at least 90% of the polypeptide consists of particles within the desired size range, when oral inhalation is desired.
  • the melezitose in the formulation for oral inhalation may largely consist of particles having a diameter of less than about 10 microns so that the resultant powder as a whole consists of optionally agglomerated primary particles having a diameter of less than about 10 microns; alternatively the melezitose may largely consist of much bigger particles ("coarse particles"), so that an "ordered mixture" may be formed between the active compounds and the melezitose.
  • the ordered mixture alternatively known as an interactive or adhesive mixture
  • the polypeptide particles will be fairly evenly distributed over the surface of the coarse melezitose.
  • the active compounds are not in the form of agglomerates prior to formation of the ordered rnixture.
  • the coarse particles may have a diameter of over 20 microns, such as over 60 microns. Above these lower limits, the diameter of the coarse particles is not of critical importance so various coarse particle sizes may be used, if desired according to the practical requirements of the particular formulation. There is no requirement for the coarse particles in the ordered mixture to be of the same size, but the coarse particles may advantageously be of similar size within the ordered mixture. Preferably, the coarse particles have a diameter of 60 - 800 microns.
  • the particle size is less important in nasal inhalation although small particles are desirable. An ordered mixture would not normally be employed in nasal inhalation.
  • a useful mechanism for delivery of the powder into the respiratory tract of a patient is through a portable inhaler device suitable for dry powder inhalation.
  • Many such devices typically designed to deliver antiasthmatic or antiinflammatory agents into the respiratory system, are on the market.
  • the described powder preparation can be manufactured in several ways, using conventional techniques.
  • Particles in a required size range may be obtained by any known method, for example by freeze-drying or by controlled crystallisation methods, for example crystallisation using supercritical fluids; or by micronisation methods.
  • the compounds to be mixed have different physical properties such as hardness and brittleness, resistance to micronisation varies and they may require different pressures to be broken down to suitable particle sizes.
  • the obtained particle size of one of the components may be unsatisfactory. In such case it would be advantageous to micronise the different components separately and then mix them.
  • a suitable solvent e.g. water
  • This procedure also makes it possible to adjust the pH-value to a desired level.
  • the solvent must be removed by a process which retains the polypeptide's biological activity. Suitable drying methods include vacuum concentration, open drying, spray drying, and freeze drying. Temperatures over 40°C for more than a few minutes should generally be avoided, as some degradation of the polypeptide may occur.
  • the solid material can, if necessary, be ground to obtain a coarse powder, then, if necessary, micronised.
  • the powder can be processed to improve the flow properties, e.g., by dry granulation to form spherical agglomerates with superior handling characteristics, before it is incorporated into the intended inhaler device.
  • the device would be configured to ensure that the agglomerates are substantially deagglomerated prior to exiting the device, so that the particles entering the respiratory tract of the patient are largely within the desired size range.
  • the active compound may be processed, for example by micronisation, in order to obtain, if desired, particles within a particular size range.
  • the melezitose may also be processed, for example to obtain a desired size and desirable surface properties, such as a particular surface to weight ratio, or a certain ruggedness, and to ensure optimal adhesion forces in the ordered mixture.
  • a desired size and desirable surface properties such as a particular surface to weight ratio, or a certain ruggedness
  • Such physical requirements of an ordered mixture are well known, as are the various means of obtaining an ordered mixture which fulfills the said requirements, and may be determined easily by the skilled person according to the particular circumstances.
  • the powders of the present invention are useful for the local or systemic treatment of diseases and may be administered for example via the upper and lower respiratory tract, including by the nasal route.
  • the present invention also provides said powder for use in therapy; the use of the powder in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diseases via the respiratory tract; and a method for the treatment of a patient in need of therapy, comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of the powder of the present invention.
  • the diseases which may be treated with the powder of the present invention are any of those which may be treated with the particular polypeptide in each case; for example powders containing insulin according to the present invention may be used for example in the treatment of diabetes; powders containing corticotropin may be used for example in the treatment of inflammatory diseases; powders containing GnRH may be useful for example in the treatment of male infertility.
  • the indications for all of the mentioned polypeptides are well known.
  • the powders of the present invention may also be used in prophylactic treatment.
  • the powders of the present invention are particularly directed to polypeptide powders for inhalation from dry powder inhaler devices, the polypeptide powders may also be included in compositions for other forms of administration, for example in injection solutions and aerosol formulations.
  • respirable fraction upon oral inhalation of the powders of the present invention may be determined by the method described in the Examples herein.
  • Example 1 Insulin (0.6g) was dissolved in distilled water (50 ml). Diluent ( 14.4g) was added and dissolved and the pH was adjusted to 7.4. The obtained solid cake was crushed, sieved, and micronised in a jet mill. The micronised powders were agglomerated and filled into a Turbuhaler ® dry powder inhaler and the dose was released at an air flow rate of 60 IJmin, under varying conditions.
  • the released dose was collected using a multi-stage impinger; the content of insulin in each stage of the impinger was determined using liquid chromatography with detection at 235 nm. The results were as follows.
  • Diluent myo-inositol 52 18 3 maltitol 66 10 8 mannitol 65 17 9 trehalose 58 22 17 raffinose 40 17 palatinite 30 18 15 stachyose 52 5 melezitose 73 39 32
  • Insulin (12 parts) was dissolved in distilled water. Sodium taurocholate (enhancer, 4 parts) was added. Various diluents (84 parts) were added and dissolved and the pH was adjusted to 7.4. The solution was concentrated by evaporation of the water. The obtained solid s cake was crushed, sieved, and micronised in a jet mill.. The micronised powder was agglomerated and filled into a Turbuhaler ® dry powder inhaler and the dose was released at an air flow rate of 60 IJmin, under varying conditions.
  • the released dose was collected using a multi-stage impinger; the content of insulin in each o stage of the impinger was determined using liquid chromatography with detection at 235 nm. The results were as follows.
  • the formulations were mixed with an ultra turrax for approximately 10 minutes.
  • Identical formulations were prepared to which 5% of ethanol prior to the mixing with an ultraturrax apparatus for approximately 10 minutes.
  • melezitose-containing formulations of the present invention are suitable for use in formulations other than for dry-powder inhalation, in this case in aerosol formulations.

Abstract

A powder formulation for the administration of medically useful polypeptides, comprising a medically useful polypeptide with melezitose as diluent.

Description

Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent
Field of the invention
The present invention relates to powder formulations containing medically useful polypeptides.
Technical background
Polypeptide powders containing medically useful polypeptides and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents may be prepared for administration by inhalation or otherwise. Inhalable polypeptide powder preparations have been described in WO95/00127 and WO95/00128.
Diluents are commonplace in pharmaceutical preparations, especially in formulations for inhalation. They are used to stabilise various drugs during manufacture and storage and to adjust the amount of powder making up unit doses - in general, powder inhalers are capable of delivering a drug substance with good dose accuracy only for certain dose sizes, while different drugs have different potencies and must therefore be delivered in different amounts. As these amounts are often too small for proper dose accuracy to be ensured, diluents are added to give the desired dose size.
Previously, reducing sugars such as lactose and glucose have been used as diluents in polypeptide powder formulations. These however have a tendency to react with polypeptides and are therefore unsatisfactory.
It is suggested in WO95/00127 and WO95/00128, relating to polypeptide powders for inhalation, that non-reducing sugars such as raffmose, melezitose, lactitol, maltitol, trehalose, sucrose, mannitol and starch may be preferred additives for the polypeptide powders. It has now been found that melezitose is an exceptionally good diluent compared with other possible non-reducing sugar diluents for polypeptide powder formulations, giving an unexpectedly high respirable fraction of powder when inhaled.
Summary of the invention
Accordingly, the present invention provides a powder formulation for the administration of medically useful polypeptides, comprising a medically useful polypeptide with melezitose as diluent.
Administration is preferably by inhalation.
The melezitose may comprise for example D-melezitose (α-D-melezitose), β-D- glucopyranoside, O-α-D- glucopyranosyl-l,3-β-D-fructofuranosyl (β-D-melezitose) or isomelezitose. The melezitose may be for example in the form of the monohydrate or dihydrate.
The powder formulation of the present invention has been found to be very effective upon oral inhalation, giving a superior fraction of respirable particles compared with powder formulations with other diluents, as is described herein. As a result, a higher fraction of the inhaled powder will reach the lungs and a higher fraction of the polypeptide is utilised.
The powder formulation of the present invention is also suitable for use in nasal inhalation.
The powder formulation of the present invention is suitable for both systemic and local treatment. When local action is desired in the respiratory tract, no other ingredient is necessary in the powder formulation. When systemic action is required, an enhancer, i.e. a substance which enhances the absorption of the polypeptide in the respiratory tract, should generally be included in the formulation. Such substances are included in WO95/00127 and WO95/00128, incorporated herein by reference. In certain cases, small polypeptides are absorbed in the respiratory tract without the aid of an enhancer. In these cases an enhancer may be excluded from the formulations of melezitose and the medically useful polypeptide. In different embodiments therefore the present invention provides a powder comprising a medically useful polypeptide and melezitose; a powder comprising a medically useful polypeptide and melezitose and specifically including an enhancer; and a powder comprising a medically useful polypeptide and melezitose, specifically excluding an enhancer. The powder according to the present invention excluding an enhancer, is most useful (a) when local action of the polypeptide is desired; or (b) when systemic action of smaller polypeptides which are absorbed in the respiratory tract without the aid of an enhancer is desired. Polypeptides which are absorbed in the respiratory tract without the aid of an enhancer may be identified using conventional cell or, preferably, animal models, in the latter case by comparing plasma polypeptide levels following administration, for example by means of a Wright Dust Feed apparatus, of powders with and without enhancer. The powder specifically including an enhancer according to the present invention, is most useful when systemic action of polypeptides which are not absorbed in the respiratory tract without the aid of an enhancer, is desired.
Preferred enhancers include Cg.^ fatty acids and salts thereof, bile salts, phospholipids and alkyl saccharides.
Of the fatty acids and salts thereof, C8-Ci6 fatty acids salts are preferred. Examples of preferred fatty acid salts are sodium, potassium and lysine salts of caprylate (C8), caprate (Cio), laurate (Cι2) and myristate (Cι4). As the nature of the counterion is not of special significance, any of the salts of the fatty acids are potentially useful. A particularly preferred fatty acid salt is sodium caprate.
Suitable bile salts may be for example salts of cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, and ursodeoxycholic acid. Of the bile salts, trihydroxy bile salts are preferred. More preferred are the salts of cholic, glycocholic and taurocholic acids, especially the sodium and potassium salts thereof. The most preferred bile salt is sodium taurocholate.
Suitable phospholipids may be for example single-chain phospholipids, for example lysophosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylglycerols, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, lysophosphatidylinositols and lysophosphatidylserines or double-chain phospholipids, for example diacylphosphatidylcholii.es, diacylphosphatidylglycerols, diacylphosphatidylethanolamines, diacylphosphatidyiinositols and diacylphosphatidylserines.
Of the phospholipids, diacylphosphatidylglycerols and diacylphosphatidylcholines are preferred, for example dioctanoylphosphatidylglycerol and dioctanoylphosphatidylcholine.
Suitable alkyl saccharides may be for example alkyl glucosides or alkyl maltosides, such as decyl glucoside and dodecyl maltoside.
The most preferred enhancers are bile salts.
The polypeptide may be any medically or diagnostically useful peptide or protein of small to medium size, i.e. up to about 40 kD molecular weight (MW). It is expected that polypeptides having a molecular weight of up to 30 kD will be most useful in the present invention, such as polypeptides having a molecular weight of up to 25 kD or up to 20 kD, and especially up to 15 kD, up to lOkD, or up to 5 kD.
The polypeptide is preferably a peptide hormone such as insulin, glucagon, C-peptide of insulin, vasopressin, desmopressin, corticotropin (ACTH), corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists and antagonists, gonadotrophin (luteinizing hormone, or LHRH), calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH). bioactive fragments of PTH such as PTH(34) and PTH(38), growth hormone (GH) (for example human growth hormone (hGH)), growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), somatostatin, oxytocin, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), deoxyribonuclease (DNase), prolactin, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and analogues of any of the above.
Other possible polypeptides include growth factors, interleukins, polypeptide vaccines, enzymes, endorphins, glycoproteins, lipoproteins, and polypeptides involved in the blood coagulation cascade.
The preferred polypeptide is insulin.
In the powder formulation of the present invention melezitose may be present in an amount of up to almost 100% by weight of the total powder. For example the melezitose may be present in an amount between 20% and almost 100%, for example between 30% and almost 100% or between 40% and almost 100%, or between 50% and almost 100%, e.g between 60% and almost 100%, or between 65% and almost 100%, such as between 65% and 99% or between around 70% and around 99% such as between 80% and 98% by weight of the total weight of powder.
As with all pharmaceutical preparations, certain additives, for example for pH regulation, for example organic or inorganic salts, to give taste, or to increase stability, for example preservatives, carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides and proteins, may also be included in the formulation.
When the powder preparation of the present invention is intended for oral inhalation the polypeptide should consist of (a) primary particles having a diameter of less than about 10 microns, for example between 0.01 and 10 microns and preferably between 0.1 and 6 microns, for example between 0.01 and 5 micons, or (b) agglomerates of said particles. Preferably at least 50% of the polypeptide consists of particles within the desired size range. For example at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80% and most preferably at least 90% of the polypeptide consists of particles within the desired size range, when oral inhalation is desired. The melezitose in the formulation for oral inhalation may largely consist of particles having a diameter of less than about 10 microns so that the resultant powder as a whole consists of optionally agglomerated primary particles having a diameter of less than about 10 microns; alternatively the melezitose may largely consist of much bigger particles ("coarse particles"), so that an "ordered mixture" may be formed between the active compounds and the melezitose. In the ordered mixture, alternatively known as an interactive or adhesive mixture, the polypeptide particles will be fairly evenly distributed over the surface of the coarse melezitose. Preferably in such case the active compounds are not in the form of agglomerates prior to formation of the ordered rnixture. The coarse particles may have a diameter of over 20 microns, such as over 60 microns. Above these lower limits, the diameter of the coarse particles is not of critical importance so various coarse particle sizes may be used, if desired according to the practical requirements of the particular formulation. There is no requirement for the coarse particles in the ordered mixture to be of the same size, but the coarse particles may advantageously be of similar size within the ordered mixture. Preferably, the coarse particles have a diameter of 60 - 800 microns.
The particle size is less important in nasal inhalation although small particles are desirable. An ordered mixture would not normally be employed in nasal inhalation.
A useful mechanism for delivery of the powder into the respiratory tract of a patient is through a portable inhaler device suitable for dry powder inhalation. Many such devices, typically designed to deliver antiasthmatic or antiinflammatory agents into the respiratory system, are on the market.
The described powder preparation can be manufactured in several ways, using conventional techniques. Particles in a required size range may be obtained by any known method, for example by freeze-drying or by controlled crystallisation methods, for example crystallisation using supercritical fluids; or by micronisation methods. For example, one can dry mix the polypeptide and melezitose (and optional enhancer) powders, and then micronise the substances together, alternatively, the substances can be micronised separately, and then mixed. Where the compounds to be mixed have different physical properties such as hardness and brittleness, resistance to micronisation varies and they may require different pressures to be broken down to suitable particle sizes. When micronised together, therefore, the obtained particle size of one of the components may be unsatisfactory. In such case it would be advantageous to micronise the different components separately and then mix them.
It is also possible, where an ordered mixture is not intended, first to dissolve the components in a suitable solvent, e.g. water, to obtain mixing on the molecular level. This procedure also makes it possible to adjust the pH-value to a desired level. To obtain a powder, the solvent must be removed by a process which retains the polypeptide's biological activity. Suitable drying methods include vacuum concentration, open drying, spray drying, and freeze drying. Temperatures over 40°C for more than a few minutes should generally be avoided, as some degradation of the polypeptide may occur. Following the drying step, the solid material can, if necessary, be ground to obtain a coarse powder, then, if necessary, micronised.
If desired, the powder can be processed to improve the flow properties, e.g., by dry granulation to form spherical agglomerates with superior handling characteristics, before it is incorporated into the intended inhaler device. In such a case, the device would be configured to ensure that the agglomerates are substantially deagglomerated prior to exiting the device, so that the particles entering the respiratory tract of the patient are largely within the desired size range.
Where an ordered mixture is desired, the active compound may be processed, for example by micronisation, in order to obtain, if desired, particles within a particular size range. The melezitose may also be processed, for example to obtain a desired size and desirable surface properties, such as a particular surface to weight ratio, or a certain ruggedness, and to ensure optimal adhesion forces in the ordered mixture. Such physical requirements of an ordered mixture are well known, as are the various means of obtaining an ordered mixture which fulfills the said requirements, and may be determined easily by the skilled person according to the particular circumstances. The powders of the present invention are useful for the local or systemic treatment of diseases and may be administered for example via the upper and lower respiratory tract, including by the nasal route. As such the present invention also provides said powder for use in therapy; the use of the powder in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diseases via the respiratory tract; and a method for the treatment of a patient in need of therapy, comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of the powder of the present invention.
The diseases which may be treated with the powder of the present invention are any of those which may be treated with the particular polypeptide in each case; for example powders containing insulin according to the present invention may be used for example in the treatment of diabetes; powders containing corticotropin may be used for example in the treatment of inflammatory diseases; powders containing GnRH may be useful for example in the treatment of male infertility. The indications for all of the mentioned polypeptides are well known. The powders of the present invention may also be used in prophylactic treatment.
Although the powders of the present invention are particularly directed to polypeptide powders for inhalation from dry powder inhaler devices, the polypeptide powders may also be included in compositions for other forms of administration, for example in injection solutions and aerosol formulations.
The respirable fraction upon oral inhalation of the powders of the present invention may be determined by the method described in the Examples herein.
Certain embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the following Examples, which are not to be considered limiting:
Example 1 Insulin (0.6g) was dissolved in distilled water (50 ml). Diluent ( 14.4g) was added and dissolved and the pH was adjusted to 7.4. The obtained solid cake was crushed, sieved, and micronised in a jet mill. The micronised powders were agglomerated and filled into a Turbuhaler ® dry powder inhaler and the dose was released at an air flow rate of 60 IJmin, under varying conditions.
The released dose was collected using a multi-stage impinger; the content of insulin in each stage of the impinger was determined using liquid chromatography with detection at 235 nm. The results were as follows.
fraction of 30%RH, 75%RH, 30%RH, particles of size 60 L min 60 IJmin 60 IJmin, less than 6.8 μm, open moisture % provocation**
Diluent myo-inositol 52 18 3 maltitol 66 10 8 mannitol 65 17 9 trehalose 58 22 17 raffinose 40 17 palatinite 30 18 15 stachyose 52 5 melezitose 73 39 32
** the preparation had been moisture provocated for three days in open plates.
It is clearly seen that melezitose gave the highest fraction of respirable particles in all cases. Moreover the respirable fraction is not as dependent on external factors when melezitose is the diluent. Example 2
Insulin (12 parts) was dissolved in distilled water. Sodium taurocholate (enhancer, 4 parts) was added. Various diluents (84 parts) were added and dissolved and the pH was adjusted to 7.4. The solution was concentrated by evaporation of the water. The obtained solid s cake was crushed, sieved, and micronised in a jet mill.. The micronised powder was agglomerated and filled into a Turbuhaler ® dry powder inhaler and the dose was released at an air flow rate of 60 IJmin, under varying conditions.
The released dose was collected using a multi-stage impinger; the content of insulin in each o stage of the impinger was determined using liquid chromatography with detection at 235 nm. The results were as follows.
Fraction of particles of 30% RH 90% RH size less than 6.8 μm, % 60 IJmin 60 IJmin melezitose 65.0 21.7 trehalose 60.5 6.3 myo-inositol 71.6 10.9 mannitol 79.4 4.4 maltitol 44.7 0.1
These results show that the formulation with melezitose is much less affected by high humidity in the air.
Example 3
Micronised formulations containing DNase, surfactant (sodium taurocholate or dioctanoylphosphatidylglcerol), and melezitose (ratio DNase : surfactant : melezitose 1 : 0.33 : 98.67, total weight 50 mg), were added to propellant 134a or propellant 227 (approximately 10 ml) in a plastic coated glass bottle. The formulations were mixed with an ultra turrax for approximately 10 minutes. Identical formulations were prepared to which 5% of ethanol prior to the mixing with an ultraturrax apparatus for approximately 10 minutes.
The quality of the suspensions formed were assessed immediately and after 20 hours. In all cases good suspensions were observed.
This shows that the melezitose-containing formulations of the present invention are suitable for use in formulations other than for dry-powder inhalation, in this case in aerosol formulations.

Claims

Claims
1. A powder formulation for the administration of medically useful polypeptides, comprising a medically useful polypeptide with melezitose as diluent.
2. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the melezitose comprises D- melezitose (α-D-melezitose), β-D-glucopyranoside, O-α-D- glucopyranosyl-l,3-β-D- fructofuranosyl (β-D-melezitose) or isomelezitose.
3. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the melezitose is in the form of the monohydrate or dihydrate.
4. A powder formulation as claimed in any of claims 1-3, wherein the formulation includes an enhancer which enhances the absorption of the medically useful polypeptide in the lower respiratory tract.
5. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from C8. 16 fatty acids and salts thereof, bile salts, phospholipids and alkyl saccharides.
6. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from the sodium, potassium and lysine salts of caprylate (C8), caprate (Cι0), laurate (Cι2) and myristate (C]4).
7. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from bile salts selected from salts of cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, and ursodeoxycholic acid.
8. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from trihydroxy bile salts.
9. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from the salts of cholic, glycocholic and taurocholic acids.
10. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from the sodium and potassium salts of cholic, glycocholic and taurocholic acids.
11. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is sodium taurocholate.
12. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from single-chain phospholipids.
13. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from lysophosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylglycerols, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, lysophosphatidylinositols and lysophosphatidylserines.
14. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from double-chain phospholipids.
15. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from diacylphosphatidylcholines, diacylphosphatidylglycerols, diacylphosphatidylethanolamines, diacylphosphatidylinositols and diacylphosphatidylserines.
16. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from dioctanoylphosphatidylglycerol and dioctanoylphosphatidylcholine.
17. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enhancer is selected from alkyl glucosides or alkyl maltosides, such as decyl glucoside and dodecyl maltoside.
18. A powder formulation as claimed in any of claims 1-17, wherein the polypeptide is selected from insulin, glucagon, C-peptide of insulin, vasopressin, desmopressin, corticotropin (ACTH), corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists and antagonists, gonadotrophin (luteinizing hormone, or LHRH), calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), bioactive fragments of PTH such as PTH(34) and PTH(38), growth hormone (GH) (for example human growth hormone (hGH)), growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), somatostatin, oxytocin, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), deoxyribonuclease (DNase), prolactin, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and analogues thereof.
19. A powder formulation as claimed in any of claims 1-18, wherein the polypeptide is of molecular weight (MW) up to about 40 kD.
20. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 19, wherein the polypeptide has a molecular weight of up to 30 kD.
21. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 19, wherein the polypeptide has a molecular weight of up to 25kD.
22. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 19, wherein the polypeptide has a molecular weight of up to 20 kD.
23. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 19, wherein the polypeptide has a molecular weight of up to 15 kD.
24. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 19, wherein the polypeptide has a molecular weight of up to 10 kD.
25. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 19, wherein the polypeptide has a molecular weight of up to 5 kD.
26. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 18, wherein the polypeptide is insulin.
27. A powder formulation as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the melezitose is s present in an amount of between 20% and almost 100% by weight of the powder.
28. A powder formulation as claimed in any claim 27, wherein the melezitose is present in an amount of between 30% and almost 100% by weight of the powder.
29. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 28, wherein the melezitose is present in an amount of between 40% and almost 100% by weight of the powder.
30. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 29, wherein the melezitose is present in an amount of between 50% and almost 100% by weight of the powder.
31. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 30, wherein the melezitose is present in an amount of between 60% and almost 100% by weight of the powder.
32. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 31, wherein the melezitose is present in an amount of between 65% and almost 100% by weight of the powder.
33. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 32, wherein the melezitose is present in an amount of between 65% and 99% by weight of the powder.
34. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 33, wherein the melezitose is present in an amount of between 70% and 99% by weight of the powder.
35. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 34, wherein the melezitose is present in an amount of between 80% and 98% by weight of the powder.
36. A powder formulation as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the polypeptide comprises (a) primary particles having a diameter of between 0.01 and 10 microns, or (b) agglomerates of said particles.
37. A powder formulation as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the polypeptide comprises (a) primary particles having a diameter of between 1 and 6 microns, or (b) agglomerates of said particles.
38. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 35 or 36, wherein at least 50% of the polypeptide consists of particles within the desired size range.
39. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 38, wherein at least 60% of the polypeptide consists of particles within the desired size range.
40. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 39, wherein at least 70% of the polypeptide consists of particles within the desired size range.
41. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 40, wherein at least 80% of the polypeptide consists of particles within the desired size range.
42. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 41, wherein at least 90% of the polypeptide consists of particles within the desired size range.
43. A powder fomulation as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the melezitose consists of particles having a diameter of less than about 10 microns.
44. A powder formulation as claimed in any of claims 1-43, wherein the melezitose consists of coarse particles of diameter over 20 microns.
45. A powder formulation as claimed in claim 44, wherein the melezitose consists of coarse particles having a diameter of 60 - 800 microns.
46. A powder formulation as claimed in any of claims 1 - 45 , wherein an enhancer is excluded from the formulation.
47. A method for the manufacture of a powder formulation as claimed in any of claims 1- 43 and 46, comprising the steps of: dry mixing of the polypeptide and melezitose, and optional enhancer powders; and micronising the substances together.
48. A method for the manufacture of a powder formulation as claimed in any of claims 1- 43 and 46, comprising the steps of: micronising the polypeptide and micronising and melezitose, and optional enhancer powders separately; and mixing the micronised powders.
49. A method for the manufacture of a powder formulation as claimed in any of claims 1- 43 and 46 comprising the steps of: dissolving the components in a solvent; optionally adjusting the pH-value to a desired level; removing the solvent; drying; and optional micronising of the obtained solid.
50. A method for the manufacture of a powder formulation as claimed in claim 44 or 45, comprising dry mixing melezitose and micronised polypeptide powders.
51. A powder as claimed in any of claims 1-50, for use in therapy.
52. The use of a powder as claimed in any of claims 1-50 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diseases via the respiratory tract.
53. A method for the treatment of a patient in need of therapy, comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a powder as claimed in any of claims 1- 50.
PCT/SE1995/001541 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent WO1996019207A1 (en)

Priority Applications (20)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT95942342T ATE220900T1 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 POWDER FORMULATIONS CONTAINING MELICITOSE AS A DILUENT
DK95942342T DK0799030T3 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent
CZ19971946A CZ288487B6 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulation for the administration of medically useful polypeptides and process for preparing thereof
BR9510422A BR9510422A (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulation for administration of medically useful polypeptides use of powder and processes for manufacturing the formulation and for treating a patient in need of therapy
EE9700135A EE03381B1 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulations containing melezitose as diluent
PL95320751A PL183944B1 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Preparations in the form of power employing melesitose as diluent
DE69527542T DE69527542T2 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 POWDER FORMULATIONS CONTAINING MELICITOSIS AS A THINNER
JP8519731A JPH10510828A (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulation containing meletitose as excipient
RU97112496A RU2144819C1 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder-like preparations containing melecitose as diluting agent
UA97073876A UA44757C2 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 POWDER PREPARATION FOR INTRODUCTION OF MEDICINALLY USEFUL POLYPEPTIDES BY INHALATION, METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF POWDER PREPARATION AND SPAT
SK812-97A SK283147B6 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent
US08/617,753 US6004574A (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent
AU43592/96A AU702898B2 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent
EP95942342A EP0799030B1 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent
NZ298168A NZ298168A (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powdered medicaments for administering polypeptides; contain melezitose as diluent
IS4495A IS1848B (en) 1994-12-22 1997-06-03 Powder mixtures containing melesitose as a diluent
NO19972660A NO315966B1 (en) 1994-12-22 1997-06-10 Powder formulation containing melezitose as a diluent, processes for its preparation, and use thereof
MXPA/A/1997/004551A MXPA97004551A (en) 1994-12-22 1997-06-18 Formulations in powder containing melecitose as a diluye
FI972654A FI972654A0 (en) 1994-12-22 1997-06-19 Powder formulations containing melezitios as diluent
HK98102788A HK1003619A1 (en) 1994-12-22 1998-04-02 Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9404468A SE9404468D0 (en) 1994-12-22 1994-12-22 Powder formulations
SE9404468-2 1994-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996019207A1 true WO1996019207A1 (en) 1996-06-27

Family

ID=20396435

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1995/001541 WO1996019207A1 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-12-19 Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent

Country Status (34)

Country Link
US (1) US6004574A (en)
EP (2) EP1224929B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH10510828A (en)
KR (1) KR100391873B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1080114C (en)
AR (1) AR002261A1 (en)
AT (2) ATE220900T1 (en)
AU (1) AU702898B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9510422A (en)
CA (1) CA2206803A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ288487B6 (en)
DE (2) DE69527542T2 (en)
DK (2) DK0799030T3 (en)
EE (1) EE03381B1 (en)
ES (2) ES2222306T3 (en)
FI (1) FI972654A0 (en)
HK (1) HK1003619A1 (en)
HU (1) HU217975B (en)
IL (1) IL116459A (en)
IS (1) IS1848B (en)
MY (1) MY114211A (en)
NO (1) NO315966B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ298168A (en)
PL (1) PL183944B1 (en)
PT (2) PT1224929E (en)
RU (1) RU2144819C1 (en)
SA (1) SA95160484B1 (en)
SE (1) SE9404468D0 (en)
SK (1) SK283147B6 (en)
TR (1) TR199501632A1 (en)
TW (1) TW474823B (en)
UA (1) UA44757C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1996019207A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA9510753B (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998042368A1 (en) * 1997-03-20 1998-10-01 Novo Nordisk A/S Therapeutic powder formulation for pulmonary administration, containing crystalline insulin
US5898028A (en) * 1997-03-20 1999-04-27 Novo Nordisk A/S Method for producing powder formulation comprising an insulin
US6043214A (en) * 1997-03-20 2000-03-28 Novo Nordisk A/S Method for producing powder formulation comprising an insulin
WO2000061178A1 (en) * 1999-04-13 2000-10-19 Inhale Therapeutics Systems, Inc. Pulmonary administration of dry powder formulations for treating infertility
AU779869B2 (en) * 1999-04-13 2005-02-17 Nektar Therapeutics Pulmonary administration of dry powder formulations for treating infertility
EP3124028A4 (en) * 2014-03-25 2018-01-24 National University Corporation Kagawa University Malaria transmission prevention agent having rare sugar as effective component thereof and malarial parasite growth regulating agent
US9943600B2 (en) 2010-04-20 2018-04-17 Octapharma Ag Stabilizing agent for pharmaceutical proteins
US10806770B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2020-10-20 Monash University Powder formulation

Families Citing this family (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5830853A (en) 1994-06-23 1998-11-03 Astra Aktiebolag Systemic administration of a therapeutic preparation
TW402506B (en) * 1993-06-24 2000-08-21 Astra Ab Therapeutic preparation for inhalation
US6632456B1 (en) * 1993-06-24 2003-10-14 Astrazeneca Ab Compositions for inhalation
US6794357B1 (en) * 1993-06-24 2004-09-21 Astrazeneca Ab Compositions for inhalation
US6524557B1 (en) * 1994-12-22 2003-02-25 Astrazeneca Ab Aerosol formulations of peptides and proteins
PL320856A1 (en) * 1994-12-22 1997-11-10 Astra Ab Aerosol drug preparations
GB0011807D0 (en) * 2000-05-16 2000-07-05 Quadrant Holdings Cambridge Formulation for inhalation
JP2004515467A (en) * 2000-08-07 2004-05-27 ネクター セラピューティックス Inhalable, spray-dried, 4-helix bundle protein powder with minimal aggregates
US6713452B2 (en) 2001-06-04 2004-03-30 Nobex Corporation Mixtures of calcitonin drug-oligomer conjugates comprising polyalkylene glycol, uses thereof, and methods of making same
US6828305B2 (en) 2001-06-04 2004-12-07 Nobex Corporation Mixtures of growth hormone drug-oligomer conjugates comprising polyalkylene glycol, uses thereof, and methods of making same
US7713932B2 (en) 2001-06-04 2010-05-11 Biocon Limited Calcitonin drug-oligomer conjugates, and uses thereof
US6828297B2 (en) 2001-06-04 2004-12-07 Nobex Corporation Mixtures of insulin drug-oligomer conjugates comprising polyalkylene glycol, uses thereof, and methods of making same
US6835802B2 (en) 2001-06-04 2004-12-28 Nobex Corporation Methods of synthesizing substantially monodispersed mixtures of polymers having polyethylene glycol moieties
US7030082B2 (en) * 2001-09-07 2006-04-18 Nobex Corporation Pharmaceutical compositions of drug-oligomer conjugates and methods of treating disease therewith
US6770625B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2004-08-03 Nobex Corporation Pharmaceutical compositions of calcitonin drug-oligomer conjugates and methods of treating diseases therewith
BR0214279A (en) 2001-11-19 2005-12-20 Becton Dickinson Co Pharmaceutical compositions in particulate form
SE0200657D0 (en) * 2002-03-04 2002-03-04 Astrazeneca Ab Novel Formulation
ES2618028T3 (en) 2004-07-19 2017-06-20 Biocon Limited Insulin-oligomer conjugates, formulations and uses thereof.
US20060046962A1 (en) 2004-08-25 2006-03-02 Aegis Therapeutics Llc Absorption enhancers for drug administration
US9895444B2 (en) 2004-08-25 2018-02-20 Aegis Therapeutics, Llc Compositions for drug administration
US20140162965A1 (en) 2004-08-25 2014-06-12 Aegis Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions for oral drug administration
US20090047347A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2009-02-19 Aegis Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions for Drug Administration
EP1789075A4 (en) * 2004-08-25 2009-07-01 Uab Research Foundation Absorption enhancers for drug administration
US8268791B2 (en) * 2004-08-25 2012-09-18 Aegis Therapeutics, Llc. Alkylglycoside compositions for drug administration
US8226949B2 (en) 2006-06-23 2012-07-24 Aegis Therapeutics Llc Stabilizing alkylglycoside compositions and methods thereof
AU2008313248B2 (en) 2007-10-16 2012-04-26 Biocon Limited An orally administerable solid pharmaceutical composition and a process thereof
ES2586032T3 (en) 2008-03-28 2016-10-11 Hale Biopharma Ventures, Llc Administration of benzodiazepine compositions
US8895546B2 (en) 2009-03-27 2014-11-25 Hale Biopharma Ventures, Llc Administration of benzodiazepine compositions
CN101618023B (en) * 2008-06-30 2011-11-30 江苏先声药物研究有限公司 Method for preparing micronized protein
US8440631B2 (en) 2008-12-22 2013-05-14 Aegis Therapeutics, Llc Compositions for drug administration
US9480966B2 (en) * 2012-04-30 2016-11-01 General Electric Company Substrates and methods for collection, stabilization and elution of biomolecules
CA2953574A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2016-01-07 Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas Llc Coating compositions for consumable articles
EP4289356A3 (en) 2015-09-09 2024-02-28 Drawbridge Health, Inc. Devices for sample collection, stabilization and preservation
WO2019157099A1 (en) 2018-02-06 2019-08-15 Aegis Therapeutics, Llc Intranasal epinephrine formulations and methods for the treatment of disease

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987005213A1 (en) * 1986-03-04 1987-09-11 Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A. New pharmaceutical compositions for inhalation
EP0364235A1 (en) * 1988-10-14 1990-04-18 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Physiologically active peptide composition for nasal administration
WO1991018091A1 (en) * 1990-05-14 1991-11-28 Quadrant Holdings Cambridge Limited Stabilization of biological macromolecular substances and other organic compounds

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE556587A (en) * 1957-01-31 1957-04-11
GB1144905A (en) * 1965-03-25 1969-03-12 Fisons Pharmaceuticals Ltd Substituted bis-(2-carboxy-chromonyl-oxy) derivatives and preparation and pharmaceutical compositions thereof
DE2750090A1 (en) * 1976-11-19 1978-06-01 Sandoz Ag NEW FORMS OF ADMINISTRATION FOR ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
SE7812207L (en) * 1977-12-01 1979-06-02 Welsh Nat School Med APPARATUS, PROCEDURE AND MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS FOR USE IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF ANTIHISTAMINES
JPS6034925B2 (en) * 1979-07-31 1985-08-12 帝人株式会社 Long-acting nasal preparation and its manufacturing method
JPS59163313A (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-14 Teijin Ltd Peptide hormone composition for nasal administration
DE3326089A1 (en) * 1983-07-20 1985-02-07 Gödecke AG, 1000 Berlin INHALATION-INTENDED PHARMACEUTICAL FORM OF CALCIUM ANTAGONISTS
JPS61267528A (en) * 1984-11-26 1986-11-27 Yamanouchi Pharmaceut Co Ltd Transnasal calcitonin agent containing absorbefacient
WO1986006959A1 (en) * 1985-05-22 1986-12-04 Liposome Technology, Inc. Liposome inhalation method and system
NZ222907A (en) * 1986-12-16 1990-08-28 Novo Industri As Preparation for intranasal administration containing a phospholipid absorption enhancing system
US5179079A (en) * 1986-12-16 1993-01-12 Novo Nordisk A/S Nasal formulation and intranasal administration therewith
EP0360340A1 (en) * 1988-09-19 1990-03-28 Akzo N.V. Composition for nasal administration containing a peptide
US5011678A (en) * 1989-02-01 1991-04-30 California Biotechnology Inc. Composition and method for administration of pharmaceutically active substances
US5176132A (en) * 1989-05-31 1993-01-05 Fisons Plc Medicament inhalation device and formulation
JP2642486B2 (en) * 1989-08-04 1997-08-20 田辺製薬株式会社 Ultrafine particle method for poorly soluble drugs
JPH05963A (en) * 1990-04-13 1993-01-08 Toray Ind Inc Polypeptide composition
WO1992016192A1 (en) * 1991-03-15 1992-10-01 Amgen Inc. Pulmonary administration of granulocyte colony stimulating factor
WO1993013752A1 (en) * 1992-01-21 1993-07-22 Sri International Improved process for preparing micronized polypeptide drugs
ATE220327T1 (en) * 1992-09-29 2002-07-15 Inhale Therapeutic Syst PULMONARY RELEASE OF ACTIVE FRAGMENTS OF THE PARATHORMONE
TW402506B (en) * 1993-06-24 2000-08-21 Astra Ab Therapeutic preparation for inhalation
IS1796B (en) * 1993-06-24 2001-12-31 Ab Astra Inhaled polypeptide formulation composition which also contains an enhancer compound
US5506203C1 (en) * 1993-06-24 2001-02-06 Astra Ab Systemic administration of a therapeutic preparation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987005213A1 (en) * 1986-03-04 1987-09-11 Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A. New pharmaceutical compositions for inhalation
EP0364235A1 (en) * 1988-10-14 1990-04-18 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Physiologically active peptide composition for nasal administration
WO1991018091A1 (en) * 1990-05-14 1991-11-28 Quadrant Holdings Cambridge Limited Stabilization of biological macromolecular substances and other organic compounds

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998042368A1 (en) * 1997-03-20 1998-10-01 Novo Nordisk A/S Therapeutic powder formulation for pulmonary administration, containing crystalline insulin
US5898028A (en) * 1997-03-20 1999-04-27 Novo Nordisk A/S Method for producing powder formulation comprising an insulin
US6043214A (en) * 1997-03-20 2000-03-28 Novo Nordisk A/S Method for producing powder formulation comprising an insulin
WO2000061178A1 (en) * 1999-04-13 2000-10-19 Inhale Therapeutics Systems, Inc. Pulmonary administration of dry powder formulations for treating infertility
AU779869B2 (en) * 1999-04-13 2005-02-17 Nektar Therapeutics Pulmonary administration of dry powder formulations for treating infertility
US7112341B1 (en) 1999-04-13 2006-09-26 Nektar Therapeutics Pulmonary administration of dry powder formulations for treating infertility
US9943600B2 (en) 2010-04-20 2018-04-17 Octapharma Ag Stabilizing agent for pharmaceutical proteins
US10098956B2 (en) 2010-04-20 2018-10-16 Octapharma Ag Stabilizing agent for pharmaceutical proteins
EP3124028A4 (en) * 2014-03-25 2018-01-24 National University Corporation Kagawa University Malaria transmission prevention agent having rare sugar as effective component thereof and malarial parasite growth regulating agent
US10806770B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2020-10-20 Monash University Powder formulation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2206803A1 (en) 1996-06-27
HUT77648A (en) 1998-07-28
HU217975B (en) 2000-05-28
TW474823B (en) 2002-02-01
EP1224929A2 (en) 2002-07-24
EP1224929A3 (en) 2002-12-18
IS1848B (en) 2003-02-07
EE9700135A (en) 1997-12-15
NO972660D0 (en) 1997-06-10
ES2222306T3 (en) 2005-02-01
PL320751A1 (en) 1997-10-27
CN1171049A (en) 1998-01-21
CN1080114C (en) 2002-03-06
PT799030E (en) 2002-11-29
FI972654A (en) 1997-06-19
US6004574A (en) 1999-12-21
SK283147B6 (en) 2003-03-04
BR9510422A (en) 1998-07-07
UA44757C2 (en) 2002-03-15
PT1224929E (en) 2004-10-29
EP0799030A1 (en) 1997-10-08
AU4359296A (en) 1996-07-10
NZ298168A (en) 1999-08-30
SK81297A3 (en) 1997-11-05
AR002261A1 (en) 1998-03-11
CZ288487B6 (en) 2001-06-13
MX9704551A (en) 1997-10-31
PL183944B1 (en) 2002-08-30
DE69533294D1 (en) 2004-08-26
IS4495A (en) 1997-06-03
ES2177674T3 (en) 2002-12-16
KR100391873B1 (en) 2003-10-17
ATE220900T1 (en) 2002-08-15
DK0799030T3 (en) 2002-09-16
IL116459A (en) 2002-11-10
DK1224929T3 (en) 2004-10-04
CZ194697A3 (en) 1997-10-15
ATE271382T1 (en) 2004-08-15
JPH10510828A (en) 1998-10-20
MY114211A (en) 2002-08-30
EE03381B1 (en) 2001-04-16
DE69527542D1 (en) 2002-08-29
IL116459A0 (en) 1996-03-31
AU702898B2 (en) 1999-03-11
NO315966B1 (en) 2003-11-24
FI972654A0 (en) 1997-06-19
DE69533294T2 (en) 2005-05-19
SA95160484B1 (en) 2005-10-01
NO972660L (en) 1997-06-10
RU2144819C1 (en) 2000-01-27
TR199501632A1 (en) 1997-03-21
DE69527542T2 (en) 2003-01-30
HK1003619A1 (en) 1998-11-06
EP1224929B1 (en) 2004-07-21
SE9404468D0 (en) 1994-12-22
EP0799030B1 (en) 2002-07-24
ZA9510753B (en) 1996-06-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6004574A (en) Powder formulations containing melezitose as a diluent
US5747445A (en) Therapeutic preparation for inhalation
US6524557B1 (en) Aerosol formulations of peptides and proteins
US5830853A (en) Systemic administration of a therapeutic preparation
US5518998A (en) Therapeutic preparation for inhalation
US6165976A (en) Therapeutic preparation for inhalation
KR20010033940A (en) Method for Administering ASPB28-Human Insulin
US20010003739A1 (en) Systemic administration of a therapeutic preparation
MXPA97004551A (en) Formulations in powder containing melecitose as a diluye
US20010025037A1 (en) Systemic administration of a therapeutic preparation

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 95196965.X

Country of ref document: CN

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 08617753

Country of ref document: US

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE HU IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK TJ TM TT UA UG US UZ VN

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): KE LS MW SD SZ UG AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2206803

Country of ref document: CA

Ref document number: 2206803

Country of ref document: CA

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 298168

Country of ref document: NZ

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1995942342

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: PA/a/1997/004551

Country of ref document: MX

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 972654

Country of ref document: FI

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 81297

Country of ref document: SK

Ref document number: PV1997-1946

Country of ref document: CZ

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1019970704254

Country of ref document: KR

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1995942342

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: PV1997-1946

Country of ref document: CZ

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1019970704254

Country of ref document: KR

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: PV1997-1946

Country of ref document: CZ

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1995942342

Country of ref document: EP

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1019970704254

Country of ref document: KR