WO1996017272A1 - Element d'affichage a cristaux liquides et son procede de production - Google Patents
Element d'affichage a cristaux liquides et son procede de production Download PDFInfo
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- WO1996017272A1 WO1996017272A1 PCT/JP1995/002461 JP9502461W WO9617272A1 WO 1996017272 A1 WO1996017272 A1 WO 1996017272A1 JP 9502461 W JP9502461 W JP 9502461W WO 9617272 A1 WO9617272 A1 WO 9617272A1
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- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- polymer
- substrates
- display device
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/06—Substrate layer characterised by chemical composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
- G02F1/13345—Network or three-dimensional gels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133765—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers without a surface treatment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device constituting a display portion of an information device terminal, a television, a home appliance, and the like, and a method of manufacturing the same.
- Liquid crystal display devices in the TN mode are used in small display capacity devices
- liquid crystal display devices in the FTN mode are used in reflective display devices in medium display capacity devices.
- the reflection-type Disupu on the ray, and expanded applications to combine information input device such as a Taburetsu bets, the reflective liquid crystal display device, brightness, c good visibility is required, however, the conventional polarization Liquid crystal display devices using the TN and FTN methods that use a board have a low light utilization rate, so they become dark when used in a reflective type, and become extremely dark when combined with an information input device such as a tablet. Had become.
- the reflection plate is placed over the polarizing plate on the back side of the substrate, resulting in a double image of display, and fine characters are unclear, and visibility is a problem. It had been.
- the problem of the liquid crystal display device using the polarizing plate can be solved.
- the driving voltage is increased.
- active elements such as TFT (Thin Film Transistor) and MIM (Metal-Insulator-Metal) elements for each pixel and controlling the electric signal for each pixel.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem.
- the purpose is to control the polymer and the liquid crystal, which is aligned and dispersed in each other, to a new alignment state, which enables low voltage driving, is bright, has a high contrast ratio, and
- An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element which has improved scattering directivity and visibility is less dependent on the use environment and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a liquid crystal and a polymer having a refractive index anisotropy are aligned and dispersed between two substrates each having an electrode formed thereon and a surface each having an alignment treatment. Wherein the liquid crystal is randomly aligned in the vicinity of the substrate surface substantially parallel to the substrate surface and twisted between the substrates.
- the liquid crystal is twist-oriented between the substrates, it is randomly oriented near the substrate surface almost parallel to the substrate surface, so that the scattering directivity is lost. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the twist of the liquid crystal in order to solve the problem of directivity, and as a result, it becomes possible to drive with a small voltage. Also, it is necessary to add a large amount of chiral agent to increase the twist of the liquid crystal. As a result, the occurrence of hysteresis in the electro-optical characteristics is also suppressed.
- the alignment treatment of the substrate surface is preferably performed by forming an alignment film on the substrate surface.
- the substrate surface is not subjected to a rubbing treatment, so that the liquid crystal is easily and randomly oriented near the substrate surface substantially parallel to the substrate surface.
- the liquid crystal is uniformly multi-domain in a plane parallel to the substrate surface, and the orientation direction of the liquid crystal is uniform in each domain, and each domain is parallel to the substrate surface.
- the liquid crystal exists in random directions in a uniform plane, and the liquid crystal is twist-oriented between the substrates in each domain.
- each domain is preferably about 0.4 to 10 ⁇ . If it is less than 0.4 / zm, the scattering is weak, and if it exceeds 10 / m, each orientation domain will be identified.
- the twist angle of the liquid crystal is preferably 360 ° or less. If it exceeds 360 °, the drive voltage becomes too high and cannot be driven by ordinary nonlinear elements. It is particularly preferable that the twist angle of the liquid crystal is 30 to 180 '.
- liquid crystal preferably contains a chiral agent.
- the liquid crystal preferably contains a dichroic dye.
- one of the electrodes is formed of a reflective material, and the present invention is preferably applied to a reflective liquid crystal display device.
- a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element characterized by having: As described above, the alignment films are formed on the surfaces of the first and second substrates, respectively, and the first and second substrates are emptied by the first and second substrates without rubbing the surfaces of the first and second substrates. Is formed, and a liquid crystalline mixed material of a polymer or a polymer precursor and a liquid crystal composition is disposed between the first and second substrates of the empty panel. In addition, while the wafer is oriented between the second substrates, near the substrate surface, it is randomly oriented almost parallel to the substrate surface.
- the orientation state of the liquid crystal can be maintained at the orientation state of the liquid crystalline mixed material before the phase separation.
- the liquid crystal is twist-oriented between the first and second substrates, it can be randomly oriented near the substrate surface almost in parallel to the substrate surface.
- the liquid crystal mixed material is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the isotropic temperature, and further quenched. Uniform multi-domains can be formed at appropriate sizes.
- an ultraviolet curable monomer is used as the polymer precursor, and the liquid crystal mixed material is irradiated with ultraviolet light to polymerize the monomer, thereby precipitating the polymer and separating the liquid crystal from the polymer.
- the production of liquid crystal display elements It is preferable for simplicity.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing electro-optical characteristics of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the scattering directivity of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 2 of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 3 of the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the scattering directivity of the liquid crystal display element of FIG. Example
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment.
- chromium is formed into a thickness of about 2000 angstroms by sparging, and then a patterned reflective pixel electrode 107 is formed.
- On the upper substrate 101 about 150 ⁇ of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) is formed by sputtering, and then a patterned transparent pixel electrode 102 is formed.
- a parallel alignment layer formed by applying and firing a polyimide alignment film (Optomer AL1254; manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.) on both substrates 108 and 101. 106 and 103 are provided, respectively. Note that no rubbing treatment is performed to randomly align the liquid crystal near the substrate surface. Subsequently, an empty panel was obtained by bonding and fixing the two substrates around the substrates at an air gap of 5 / m.
- Liquid Crystal A Liquid Crystal A
- R 101 Merck
- M137 dichroic dyes (all, manufactured by Mitsui Tohatsu Dyestuffs Co., Ltd.), 1.0% by weight, 1.5% by weight, respectively.
- biphenyl methacrylate was used in an amount of 7% by weight based on the liquid crystal mixture. After the above was heated and mixed to form a liquid crystal state, it was vacuum-sealed in the empty panel described above. Then, after the liquid crystal mixture material was heated above the temperature exhibiting an isotropic phase, has been liquid crystalline mixed material sealed in c panel subjected to quenching treatment to 25 ° C, parallel to the random at the substrate surface near It was observed with a polarizing microscope that the substrate was oriented and twisted by about 90 ° between the substrates 101 and 108. In addition, the alignment domain due to the random alignment of the liquid crystalline mixed material was about 1 to 3 m, and it was observed that the domain was uniformly multi-domain.
- the polymer was polymerized by irradiating the panel with ultraviolet light of illuminance SmWZcni 2 (wavelength: 350 nm) for 7 minutes, thereby precipitating the polymer from the liquid crystal mixed material.
- the liquid crystal 105 shows the alignment state before irradiation with ultraviolet light, that is, it is randomly and parallel aligned near the substrate surface and twisted about 90 ° between the substrates 101 and 108, and the liquid crystal random
- the number of orientation domains due to various orientations was about 1 to 3, and it was observed by a polarizing microscope that the domains were uniformly multi-domain.
- FIG. 2 shows the electro-optical characteristics of the liquid crystal display device obtained in this example.
- the electro-optical characteristics showed a threshold characteristic, and a normally black characteristic in which the reflectance increased with the application of a voltage was obtained. That is, when the voltage is off, a black display is obtained due to the absorption of the dichroic dye, and when the voltage is sufficiently applied, the liquid crystal 105 is oriented in the direction of the electric field, so that the orientation directions of the polymer and the liquid crystal are different. As a result, a discontinuous point of the refractive index was generated in the medium, so that the medium was in a light scattering state. At this time, since the dichroic dye was also oriented in the direction of the electric field, the absorption was very small, and a white display was obtained.
- the electro-optical characteristics were 30 from the direction of the normal (panel normal) of the display element surface by applying a 100 Hz rectangular wave to the liquid crystal display element using a xenon lamp ring light source. Light was incident in all directions (360.) from the tilted direction (incident angle of 30.), and the response reflected light in the normal direction of the incident light was detected. The detection area was 2 mm0. The reflectance of 100% was normalized by the brightness of the surface of the perfect diffusion plate.
- the saturation voltage value V 90 is that the reflectance is 9 It was defined by the voltage value at 0.
- the scattering directivity was measured using a parallel light beam, and the change in reflectance in the panel normal direction was measured using the incident angle ⁇ and the panel rotation angle ⁇ between the parallel light and the panel normal as parameters.
- V 10 was 1.9 V
- V 90 was 3.4 V
- the maximum reflectance was 78%.
- FIG. 3 shows the measurement results of the scattering directivity when the voltage of 3.8 V was applied with the incident angle ⁇ set to 30 °.
- the driving voltage was drastically reduced in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device using the polymer dispersed liquid crystal in which the liquid crystal and the polymer were aligned and dispersed with respect to each other. Furthermore, the maximum reflectance, which is an indicator of brightness, was high, and good brightness was achieved. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment has a panel There is no scattering directivity for a turning angle of 0. Therefore, in an environment where light from a certain direction is intense or under uniform illumination, there is no change in brightness due to the panel arrangement method, and the viewing angle characteristics, portability, and visibility have been improved.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of this example.
- the lower substrate 409 is a MIM substrate manufactured by a two-photo process.
- the substrate process after packs of T a, and patterned into a desired shape (the Photo 1 step eyes), then T a anodized to form an insulating film T a 2 0 5 to T a surface.
- the reflection pixel electrode 408 made of r is formed.
- ITO is sputtered on the upper substrate 401 and is patterned in a strip shape to form an ITO electrode 402.
- Optoma AL 1252 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was spin-coated on both substrates, baked at 150 ° C for 1 hour, and the parallel alignment treatment layers 40 3 and 40 6 Was formed.
- the two substrates thus obtained were bonded together at the gap 5 around the substrates and fixed, thereby producing a 5-inch diagonal empty panel. No rubbing treatment is performed to randomly align the liquid crystal near the substrate surface.
- Example 2 the same liquid crystal mixed material comprising the same liquid crystal, dichroic dye, chiral agent and polymer precursor as in Example 1 was vacuum-injected into the empty panel.
- the liquid crystalline mixed material enclosed in the panel is oriented parallel to the vicinity of the substrate surface by a polarizing microscope and twisted by about 90 ° between the substrates 401 and 409 as in Example 1. Is observed, and the random The orientation domain due to orientation was about 1 to 3 m, and it was observed that the domain was uniformly multi-domain.
- the panel was irradiated with ultraviolet light having an illuminance of 5 mW / cm 2 (wavelength: 350 nm) for 7 minutes to precipitate a polymer from the liquid crystalline mixed material, and the liquid crystal of the present example shown in FIG.
- the display element was completed.
- the liquid crystal 405 shows the alignment state before the ultraviolet irradiation, that is, the liquid crystal 405 is parallel-aligned near the substrate surface, and is approximately 90 between the substrates 401 and 409.
- the orientation domain due to the random orientation of the liquid crystal was about 1 to 3 // m, and it was observed with a polarizing microscope that it was uniformly multi-domain. In addition, it was also confirmed by a polarizing microscope that the high molecule 404 and the liquid crystal 405 were aligned and dispersed between the substrates.
- Example 1 When the thus obtained liquid crystal display device was driven by MIM at 148 duty, the maximum reflectance was 63% and the contrast was 11 under the measurement conditions of Example 1. In addition, a liquid crystal display element having no portability of scattering at the time of voltage application and excellent in portability, visual characteristics, and visibility was obtained. Furthermore, applying non-glare treatment and anti-reflection coating to the surface of this liquid crystal display device reduced the appearance of scenery and significantly improved visibility.
- the reflective electrode is arranged on the MIM substrate, but it is also possible to form the reflective electrode on the opposite substrate side.
- a two-terminal element is formed for each pixel electrode, and a substrate on which a color filter is formed on a reflective electrode is used. It illustrates the oriented structure (in FIG. 5, a liquid crystal display showing a cross section view of the element.
- the upper substrate 5 0 1 of the present embodiment, the 3 follower has a MIM substrate produced by preparative process.
- T a After spacking, patterning to the desired shape (first step of photo) Next, Ta is anodized to form an insulating film Ta 2 O 5 on the Ta surface.
- both substrates were spin-coated with Nippon Synthetic Rubber Optoma-1 AL1254, and then baked at 150 ° C for 1 hour to form the parallel alignment treatment layers 504 and 507. Formed.
- the two substrates thus obtained were attached to each other with a gap of 5 m around the substrates, and fixed to form a 5-inch diagonal empty panel. No rubbing treatment is performed to randomly align the liquid crystal near the substrate surface.
- Example 2 the same liquid crystal mixed material comprising the same liquid crystal, dichroic dye, chiral agent and polymer precursor as in Example 1 was vacuum-injected into the empty panel.
- the liquid crystalline mixed material sealed in the panel is parallel-aligned near the substrate surface by a polarizing microscope as in Example 1, and is approximately 90 ° between the substrates 501 and 51. It was observed that the liquid crystal was in a twisted state, and that the orientation domain due to the random orientation of the liquid crystal was about 1 to 3 / zm, and that a uniform multi-domain was observed.
- the liquid crystal 506 shows an alignment state before irradiation with ultraviolet rays, that is, the liquid crystal 506 is aligned parallel near the substrate surface, and Approximately 90 ° twist between 501 and 510, and the alignment domain due to the random alignment of the liquid crystal is about 1 to 3, indicating that the liquid crystal is uniformly multi-domain. Was observed. It was also confirmed by a polarizing microscope that the polymer 505 and the liquid crystal 506 had a structure in which they were aligned and dispersed between the substrates.
- liquid crystal display device thus obtained, a black display was obtained by the absorption of the dichroic dye when the voltage was off, and a color display was obtained by applying a voltage to each color pixel.
- MIM driving was performed at 148 duty, the maximum reflectance was 32% and the contrast was 12 under the measurement conditions of Example 1.
- 8-gradation display and 512-color display were possible.
- there was no directivity of scattering when voltage was applied and a liquid crystal display device having excellent portability, visual characteristics, and visibility was obtained.
- the surface of this liquid crystal display element was subjected to non-glare treatment and an anti-reflection coating, the appearance of scenery was reduced and visibility was greatly improved.
- the transparent electrode is arranged on the MIM substrate, but it is also possible to arrange the reflection electrode on the MIM substrate and form a color filter thereon.
- the configuration of the color filter used in the present embodiment is not limited to red, green, and blue, and any configuration that can reproduce natural colors can be used.
- the color filter scratch, Oh is also possible to arrange on the upper substrate side O 0
- Example 1 a liquid crystal display element having a 90 ° twist alignment configuration that is not multi-domain is described.
- an empty panel was manufactured using an alignment film obtained by rubbing a polyimide film in one direction so that the rubbing direction was 90 ° between the upper and lower substrates.
- the materials used were the same as in Example 1. It is like.
- the liquid crystal mixed material shown in Example 1 was sealed, and irradiated with ultraviolet light having an illuminance of 5 mW / cm 2 (wavelength: 350 nm) for 7 minutes to precipitate a polymer from the liquid crystal, thereby forming a liquid crystal display element. Completed.
- the results of the scattering directivity measured in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in FIG. The reflectivity varied greatly depending on the direction of light incidence, indicating strong scattering directivity.
- the configuration is such that the dichroic dye is added to the liquid crystal, but it is needless to say that the addition may be omitted.
- the black level slightly increases when no voltage is applied, but when a voltage is applied, light absorption of the dye disappears, so that the maximum reflectance increases and the brightness improves.
- a reflective electrode having low reflectance is used, or when a light absorbing layer is provided on the reflective electrode, it is not necessary to add a dichroic dye.
- the configuration having a twist angle of 90 ° has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the twist angle is preferably equal to or less than 360 °, particularly preferably 30 to 180 °.
- the twist angle is around 0 °, the twist orientation is not stable.
- the twist angle exceeds 360 °, the driving voltage is high and cannot be driven by ordinary nonlinear elements.
- the optimum amount of the chiral component that determines the twist angle is added according to the set dZp (the twist pitch of the liquid crystal having a cell thickness of Z).
- the materials used in ordinary TN and STN can be preferably used as they are.
- the alignment domain due to the random parallel alignment of the liquid crystal near the substrate surface must be uniformly formed in a size of 0.4 to 10 £ m due to the uniformity when no voltage is applied and the scattering property when voltage is applied. Is desirable. Below 0.4 ⁇ m, the scattering is weak, and above 10 / zm, each orientation domain is identified. Also, on In order to form a uniform multi-domain with a size as described above, a method of heating a liquid crystalline mixed material to make it an isotropic phase and then rapidly cooling it can be preferably used.
- a polyimide film was used as the alignment film used for the parallel alignment treatment, a polyimide film, a SiO obliquely deposited film, a polyvinyl alcohol, or the like can be preferably used.
- the material used for the substrate soda glass, quartz, non-alkali glass, silicon single crystal, sapphire substrate, thermosetting polymer, thermoplastic polymer, and the like are preferably used.
- the polymer material used for the substrate is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the liquid crystal and polymer sandwiched between the substrates. PET, polyether sulfone, epoxy cured resin, phenoxy resin, polyallyl Ether and the like are preferably used.
- the reflective electrode was Cr in Examples 1 and 2, and A 1 -Mg in Example 3.
- the reflective electrode was made of a single metal such as Al, Cr, Mg, Ag, Au, Pt, or the like. Alternatively, those alloys can be preferably used. In particular, Cr or A 1 -Mg alloy is more preferable in terms of stability and reflectivity. In the case of A 1 -Mg alloy, the addition amount of Mg is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight. .
- the liquid crystal those used in ordinary liquid crystal display elements can be preferably used, but in order to improve the degree of scattering, the birefringence anisotropy ⁇ of the liquid crystal is at least 0.15. It is desirable.
- the resistivity of the liquid crystal itself is 1. 0 X 1 0 8 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, in particular rather preferably has to be 1. Is 0 X 1 0 ⁇ cm or more, It is desirable to keep the retention rate high and improve the display quality.
- an azo type, anthraquinone type, naphthoquinone type, perylene type, quinophthalone type, azomethine type, etc. which are used in a normal GH (guest-host) display system.
- anthraquinones alone from the viewpoint of light resistance, or other dyes as necessary Particularly preferred is a mixture of These dichroic dyes are mixed and used depending on the required color.
- any polymer precursor can be used as long as it exhibits refractive index anisotropy after polymerization and disperses in alignment with liquid crystal.
- an ultraviolet-curable monomer is preferable from the viewpoint of simplicity in manufacturing a liquid crystal display device.
- a monofunctional methacrylate, a bifunctional methacrylate or a polyfunctional methacrylate is preferably used.
- these monomers contain at least one benzene ring in their molecular structure.
- a material containing a biphenyl, terphenyl, or quarterphenyl skeleton is preferably used.
- These monomers may contain a chiral component.
- these monomers may be polymerized by irradiating ultraviolet rays, alone or after being mixed with other monomers.
- the MIM element was used as a two-terminal nonlinear element, but in addition to the MIM element, a lateral MIM element, a back-to-back MIM element, an MSI element, a diode ring element, and a Barris evening element Etc. can be used.
- a three-terminal non-linear element can also be used.
- a polysilicon TFT element, an amorphous silicon TFT element, a Cd-SeTF element, or the like can be used.
- the driving voltage of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is as low as that of the ⁇ mode. Because of the reduction, the MIM element and TFT element can be driven sufficiently, and the brightness and contrast can be greatly improved. This has made it possible to improve the number of display colors and visibility in the case of a reflective color liquid crystal display device. In addition, the need for a high-voltage driver was eliminated, reducing power consumption and costs.
- the brightness, the visual characteristics, and the visibility are improved by suppressing the scattering directivity.
- the present invention can be used for a liquid crystal display element suitable for portable use in which various environments are assumed. Further, the present invention is an active matrix drive, and can be used for a reflective large-capacity display with low power consumption and excellent display quality.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95938628A EP0749030A4 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1995-12-01 | LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY ELEMENT AND ITS PRODUCTION METHOD |
US08/687,342 US6025895A (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1995-12-01 | Liquid crystal display with mutually oriented and dispersed birefringent polymer and liquid crystal and random oriented twist alignment |
JP51859296A JP3659975B2 (ja) | 1994-12-01 | 1995-12-01 | 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP29843994 | 1994-12-01 | ||
JP6/298439 | 1994-12-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1996017272A1 true WO1996017272A1 (fr) | 1996-06-06 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP1995/002461 WO1996017272A1 (fr) | 1994-12-01 | 1995-12-01 | Element d'affichage a cristaux liquides et son procede de production |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6025895A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0749030A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3659975B2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW355228B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996017272A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0814365A3 (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-11-04 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Reflection type liquid crystal display device |
CN102967962A (zh) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-13 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种透明聚合物分散液晶显示装置及其制造方法与应用 |
CN114063337A (zh) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 马耀东 | 外延取向液晶显示器 |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000502473A (ja) * | 1996-10-25 | 2000-02-29 | フィリップス エレクトロニクス ネムローゼ フェンノートシャップ | 列電圧を低くしたプラズマアドレス指定型液晶ディスプレイ |
WO1999031545A1 (fr) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-06-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Panneau d'affichage a cristaux liquides de type dispersion de polymere et son procede de fabrication |
FR2779839B1 (fr) * | 1998-06-10 | 2003-06-06 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Systeme electrocommandable a proprietes optiques variables |
US6449028B1 (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 2002-09-10 | Asulab S.A. | Liquid crystal display device having sealing frame and/or spacers formed of anisotropic polymer used to align the liquid crystal molecules |
WO2000013058A1 (fr) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-03-09 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Agent de traitement pour couche d'alignement du cristal liquide et dispositif a cristaux liquide l'utilisant, et procede d'alignement du cristal liquide |
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JP3497098B2 (ja) * | 1999-05-25 | 2004-02-16 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
GB9928126D0 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2000-01-26 | Secr Defence | Bistable nematic liquid crystal device |
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- 1995-12-01 WO PCT/JP1995/002461 patent/WO1996017272A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-12-01 JP JP51859296A patent/JP3659975B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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EP0814365A3 (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-11-04 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Reflection type liquid crystal display device |
CN102967962A (zh) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-13 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种透明聚合物分散液晶显示装置及其制造方法与应用 |
CN102967962B (zh) * | 2012-11-26 | 2015-01-14 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种透明聚合物分散液晶显示装置及其制造方法与应用 |
CN114063337A (zh) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 马耀东 | 外延取向液晶显示器 |
CN114063337B (zh) * | 2020-08-07 | 2024-01-26 | 马耀东 | 外延取向液晶显示器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6025895A (en) | 2000-02-15 |
JP3659975B2 (ja) | 2005-06-15 |
EP0749030A4 (en) | 1998-03-18 |
TW355228B (en) | 1999-04-01 |
EP0749030A1 (en) | 1996-12-18 |
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