WO1996014023A1 - Plastic canula for intracorporeal tissue examination - Google Patents

Plastic canula for intracorporeal tissue examination Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996014023A1
WO1996014023A1 PCT/DE1995/001528 DE9501528W WO9614023A1 WO 1996014023 A1 WO1996014023 A1 WO 1996014023A1 DE 9501528 W DE9501528 W DE 9501528W WO 9614023 A1 WO9614023 A1 WO 9614023A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cannula
hollow
coaxial
hollow cannula
nmr
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1995/001528
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Norbert Heske
Original Assignee
Norbert Heske
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19500157A external-priority patent/DE19500157A1/en
Application filed by Norbert Heske filed Critical Norbert Heske
Publication of WO1996014023A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996014023A1/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/44Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
    • G01R33/48NMR imaging systems
    • G01R33/58Calibration of imaging systems, e.g. using test probes, Phantoms; Calibration objects or fiducial markers such as active or passive RF coils surrounding an MR active material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/34Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3403Needle locating or guiding means
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/39Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for intra-corporal tissue examination or removal, with a hollow cannula, into the hollow channel of which a coaxial cannula or needle device adapted to the inner contour of the hollow cannula can be inserted.
  • tissue samples can be taken from the human body in a largely gentle manner without having to carry out a major surgical intervention.
  • the positioning of a hollow cannula within the human body, through which biopsy needles for tissue removal can be carried out, is usually carried out using optical examination methods, such as X-ray or ultrasound methods.
  • NMR nucleus magnetic resonance
  • the previously known hollow cannulas suitable for this purpose have magnetizable, mostly metallic material which interacts with the very high magnetic fields of the magnetic resonance imaging system.
  • the magnetization effect on the hollow cannula and, if applicable, the instruments which can be inserted therein, have such a lasting effect on the imaging quality of the NMR system that the outline of the hollow cannula visible on an NMR image is only blurred.
  • the degree of blurring is essentially determined by the magnetizability of the cannula material used and leads to various disadvantages:
  • An outline of the intracorporeally inserted hollow cannula which is only blurred, impairs the positioning accuracy of the tip of the hollow cannula.
  • the blurring of the needle contour on the NMR image leads to shielding effects, so that it is not possible to observe the tissue areas immediately adjacent to the cannula.
  • the needle magnetization leads to an image enlarging the needle contour, so that the surgeon during the Positioning the needle relative to a tissue site to be examined must also take into account the incorrectly illustrated size relationships of the hollow cannula.
  • the last-mentioned magnification effect leads, for example in the case of a hollow cannula measuring 2 mm in diameter, which itself or the coaxial cannula inserted into the interior of the hollow cannula shows signs of magnetization, to a contour smear on the NMR image which the hollow cannula has with a blurred one Represents width of approx. 10 mm.
  • this coronary effect which emerges around the cannula, can cover important tissue locations on the NMR image. With possible tumor sizes of diameters smaller than 10 mm, it is therefore possible for these tissue sites to be covered by the blurred conventional hollow cannulae.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a device for intracorporeal tissue examination or removal with a hollow cannula, into the hollow channel of which a coaxial cannula or needle device adapted to the inner contour of the hollow cannula can be inserted, such that the use of the hollow cannula in NMR -Observation conditions provides considerable advantages in the optical imaging quality. Furthermore, the device with the aforementioned examination method is intended to provide exact marking assistance, so that certain tissue locations can be clearly marked spatially.
  • a device for intracorporeal tissue examination or removal with a hollow cannula, into the hollow channel of which a coaxial cannula or needle device adapted to the inner contour of the hollow cannula can be inserted is designed in such a way that the hollow cannula and / or the coaxial cannula consists of plastic.
  • the choice of the plastic material of the hollow cannula and of the objects which can be introduced into the hollow cannula should, if possible, not be magnetic for the use of NMR methods, so that irritations due to the high magnetic fields can be excluded.
  • PEEK polyether ether ketone
  • Victrex Sales Ltd. The manufacture of the cannulas from so-called PEEK (polyether ether ketone), which is available as a raw material, for example from the company "Victrex Sales Ltd.”, is particularly suitable.
  • PEEK polyether ether ketone
  • the wall diameters of the hoses must be thinned back to a suitable wall thickness so that the wall thickness corresponds to approximately 1/10 mm.
  • the cannulas can also be made from glass fiber-reinforced synthetic resin, so that a largely contrast-free, i.e. transparent imaging on an NMR image can be achieved, since these synthetic resins or plastics practically do not interact magnetically with the nuclear magnetic fields.
  • the first puncture of the hollow cannula into the tissue area to be examined is carried out with the aid of NMR observation a needle device inserted into the hollow cannula, which is preferably made of titanium.
  • Titanium is a metal that shows largely no interactions with the strong magnetic fields and is also extremely hard and rigid, so that a straight line penetration into the tissue is possible.
  • the titanium needle serves as a stabilizer for the flexible hollow cannula, which is made of the above plastic.
  • the tip of the titanium needle is sharp-edged and protrudes a little from the hollow cannula on the distal side. In this way, no tissue material can enter between the needle and the hollow cannula.
  • the sharp cutting edges of the needle tip ensure a clean cut of the tissue.
  • the representation of the titanium needle on an NMR image appears as a blurred image, so that the titanium needle should be removed for a fine alignment of the inserted cannula relative to the tissue site to be examined, especially since the insertion process necessary stiffness of the cannula is no longer so relevant.
  • the titanium needle is removed and an inner coaxial cannula, which is preferably also designed as a hollow cannula, is inserted into the hollow needle.
  • the inner coaxial cannula is closed at the distal tip, so that the coaxial cannula can be filled with liquid contrast medium by means of a suitable injection syringe.
  • the coaxial cannula is filled with paraffinic oils or with solutions that contain gadolinium due to their con- traction behavior particularly suitable.
  • the above-mentioned choice of contrast media makes it possible to adapt the coaxial cannula to the contrast image on the NMR image.
  • Gadolinium solutions have proven to be particularly suitable because they lead to white contrast surfaces which clearly stand out from the rest of the surroundings of the NMR imaging.
  • a further improvement in the optical representation quality of the cannulas described above on an NMR image can be achieved by providing an electrical conductor which is in the form of a coil at the distal cannula tip of a coaxial cannula which is hollow on the inside.
  • the coil axis is oriented parallel to the axis of the cannula.
  • the coil serves as a passive receiving antenna.
  • active coil operation is also conceivable, which provides the coil as a transmitting antenna.
  • the transmission pulses emitted by the coil can be received by a receiving device which is integrated in the NMR system and evaluated accordingly.
  • This active coil operation enables an accurate three-dimensional detection of the position of the coil within the NMR system.
  • the principle on which this position detection is based corresponds to the known methods in radar technology, which are also used not least in flight monitoring of air spaces (transponder principle).
  • the hollow cannula according to the invention should have approximately the mechanical robustness of a cannula made of metal in order to be able to rule out with certainty that no material chips remain inside the body. Tests have shown that cannulas made of glass fiber reinforced plastic have the required material properties.
  • a molded part having the inner contour of the hollow cannula is covered with a polyethylene tube, which forms a cover for an intimate but detachable contact between the molded part and the synthetic resin layer to be applied around the molded part.
  • the glass fiber tube consists of a fine-meshed glass fiber fabric with a typical thickness below one tenth of a millimeter.
  • the cannula is removed from the molded part and the PE tube is removed from the interior of the hollow cannula.
  • FIG. 1a, b are schematic side representations of a hollow cannula according to the invention.
  • Fig. Lc d schematic side view of a coaxial cannula (Mandra).
  • Fig. 2 made of titanium coaxial cannula
  • the shaft (1) of the hollow cannula shown in FIG. 1 is made of plastic over its entire length and is formed at its distal tip, which is marked with the region x, as a cutting edge (2) or as a flattened tip.
  • the area x is shown in an enlarged view, which shows the distal cutting edge (2).
  • the low wall thickness of the hollow cannula according to the invention is indicated from this representation, which usually has a maximum wall thickness of approximately one tenth of a millimeter.
  • FIG. 1c shows a coaxial cannula that can be inserted on the proximal side into the hollow cannula according to FIG.
  • the shaft (3) is made of plastic, which has no significant influence on the magnetic conditions in NMR processes.
  • the distal region of the coaxial cannula identified by y in FIG. 1c is shown enlarged in FIG. 1d. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the coaxial cannula is hollow on the inside and can be removed or firmly closed at the distal area with a tapered closure shape (4).
  • the needle of which is to be inserted into the coaxial cannula it is possible to fill the coaxial cannula with a liquid contrast medium, for example paraffin-like oils or solutions mixed with gadolinum. After the filling process, the coaxial cannula is to be closed on the proximal side with a stopper (4 ').
  • a liquid contrast medium for example paraffin-like oils or solutions mixed with gadolinum.
  • FIG. 2 shows a coaxial cannula made of titanium, with which the piercing process is to be carried out.
  • the titanium cannula has to be inserted into the hollow cannula and inserted in this arrangement through the body to be examined.
  • the tip of the cannula is equipped with a cutting edge, so that the piercing process can be carried out without major tissue injuries if possible.
  • FIGS. 3 a, b and c show a cannula arrangement with an electrical coil arrangement which serves as a passive receiving antenna for the NMR fields for exact position determination.
  • FIG. 3 a shows an internally hollow coaxial cannula 5, at the distal tip 6 of which there is preferably a three- has side prism shape, a coil 7 is attached.
  • the axis of the coil 7 is oriented parallel to the cannula axis within the cannula.
  • Both coil connections end in a coaxial cable 8, which leaves the cannula on the proximal side (see FIG. 3b).
  • a suitable connecting piece 9 FIG. 3c
  • the coaxial cable is connected to an image-processing computer, which appropriately includes the signals received from the coil in the image processing. In this way, an exact positional representation of the coil on the NMR recording is possible.
  • the coil shape is shown on the picture with sharp outlines that correspond to the true proportions. There are no unwanted coronary effects that cover the immediate vicinity of the cannula.
  • the device according to the invention it is possible to carry out tissue sampling preferably in a controlled manner with the aid of nuclear magnetic resonance examination methods, without thereby influencing the imaging quality in a sustainable manner by the instruments required for tissue sampling.
  • tissue sampling preferably in a controlled manner with the aid of nuclear magnetic resonance examination methods, without thereby influencing the imaging quality in a sustainable manner by the instruments required for tissue sampling.
  • the prevailing contrast ratios of the respective images can be taken into account.
  • the method described above is not only limited to the examination of human or animal tissue, but can also be used for the analysis of all materials to be examined with the aid of NMR technology.

Abstract

The description relates to a device, a process for producing it and its preferred use for intracorporeal tissue examination or extraction, with a canula inside which can be introduced a coaxial canula or needle device matching its internal shape,The invention is distinguished in that the canula and the coaxial canula are made of plastic. Such canulas are suitable for use in the NMR examination of tissues owing to their specific imaging properties. The device of the invention is to be provided with contrast agents appearing on NMR images as white areas showing the size ratios true to scale.

Description

Hohlkanüle zur intra orporalen Gewebeuntersuchunq ausHollow cannula for intra-orporal tissue examination
Kunststoffplastic
B e s c h r e i b u n gDescription
Technisches GebietTechnical field
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur intra¬ korporalen Gewebeuntersuchung bzw.-entnähme, mit einer Hohlkanüle, in deren Hohlkanal eine, an die Innenkontur der Hohlkanüle angepaßte Koaxialkanüle oder Nadelvorrich¬ tung einführbar sind.The invention relates to a device for intra-corporal tissue examination or removal, with a hollow cannula, into the hollow channel of which a coaxial cannula or needle device adapted to the inner contour of the hollow cannula can be inserted.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Entnahme von Gewebeproben aus dem menschlichen Körper ist mit Hilfe von bekannten Biopsiepistolen und geeigneten Nadelsystemen auf weitgehend schonende Weise, ohne einen größeren chirurgischen Eingriff durchführen zu müssen, möglich.With the help of known biopsy pistols and suitable needle systems, tissue samples can be taken from the human body in a largely gentle manner without having to carry out a major surgical intervention.
Die Positionierung einer Hohlkanüle innerhalb des mensch¬ lichen Körpers, durch die Biopsienadeln zur Gewebeentnahme durchführbar sind, erfolgt zumeist mit Hilfe optischer Untersuchungsmethoden, wie beispielsweise Röntgen- oder Ultraschallverfahren.The positioning of a hollow cannula within the human body, through which biopsy needles for tissue removal can be carried out, is usually carried out using optical examination methods, such as X-ray or ultrasound methods.
Durch die zunehmende Verbreitung und Anwendung kernspinto- mographischer Beobachtungsverfahren, im Folgenden als NMR- Verfahren (Nucleus magnetic resonance) bezeichnet, ist es gegenüber den vorgenannten Beobachtungsverfahren möglich, intrakorporale Bereiche durch geeignete Schnittbilddar¬ stellungen drei-dimensional darzustellen. Unter Beobach- tung mit Hilfe von NMR-Verfahren ist beispielsweise das genaue Positionieren von Hohlkanülen, zur weiteren Gewebe¬ entnahme mit Hilfe von Biopsievorrichtungen exakter durch¬ führbar, da die Möglichkeit der räumlichen Auflösung dem Operateur mehr Informationen über die räumliche Ausrich¬ tung der Hohlkanüle relativ zu der zu untersuchenden Gewe¬ bestelle bietet.Due to the increasing spread and use of magnetic resonance imaging methods, hereinafter referred to as NMR (nucleus magnetic resonance) methods, it is possible compared to the above-mentioned observation methods to display intracorporeal areas in three dimensions by means of suitable sectional image representations. Under observation With the aid of NMR methods, for example, the exact positioning of hollow cannulas can be carried out more precisely with the aid of biopsy devices for further tissue removal, since the possibility of spatial resolution gives the surgeon more information about the spatial orientation of the hollow cannula relative to the offers tissue sites to be examined.
Die bisher bekannten, hierfür geeigneten Hohlkanülen wei¬ sen jedoch magnetisierbares, zumeist metallisches Material auf, das in Wechselwirkung mit den sehr hohen Magnetfel¬ dern der Kernspintomographieanlage tritt. Der Magnetisie¬ rungseffekt an der Hohlkanüle und gegebenenfalls die darin einführbaren Instrumente beeinträchtigen die Abbildungs¬ qualität der NMR-Anlage derart nachhaltig, daß sich die Umrißkante der auf einer NMR-Abbildung sichtbaren Hohl¬ kanüle nur unscharf abzeichnet. Der Grad der Unscharfe wird dabei wesentlich durch die Magnetisierbarkeit des verwendeten Kanülenmaterials bestimmt und führt zu diver¬ sen Nachteilen:However, the previously known hollow cannulas suitable for this purpose have magnetizable, mostly metallic material which interacts with the very high magnetic fields of the magnetic resonance imaging system. The magnetization effect on the hollow cannula and, if applicable, the instruments which can be inserted therein, have such a lasting effect on the imaging quality of the NMR system that the outline of the hollow cannula visible on an NMR image is only blurred. The degree of blurring is essentially determined by the magnetizability of the cannula material used and leads to various disadvantages:
Eine sich nur unscharf darstellende Umrißlinie der intra- korporal eingebrachten Hohlkanüle beeinträchtigt die Posi¬ tionierungsgenauigkeit der Spitze der Hohlkanüle.An outline of the intracorporeally inserted hollow cannula, which is only blurred, impairs the positioning accuracy of the tip of the hollow cannula.
Desweiteren führt die Unscharfe der Nadelkontur auf der NMR-Abbildung zu Abschirmungseffekten, so daß es nicht möglich ist, die unmittelbar an der Kanüle angrenzenden Gewebebereiche zu beobachten.Furthermore, the blurring of the needle contour on the NMR image leads to shielding effects, so that it is not possible to observe the tissue areas immediately adjacent to the cannula.
Ferner führt die Nadelmagnetisierung zu einer die Nadel¬ kontur vergrößernden Abbildung, so daß der Operateur beim Positionieren der Nadel relativ zu einer zu untersuchenden Gewebestelle zusätzlich die falschen abgebildeten Größen¬ verhältnisse der Hohlkanüle zu berücksichtigen hat.Furthermore, the needle magnetization leads to an image enlarging the needle contour, so that the surgeon during the Positioning the needle relative to a tissue site to be examined must also take into account the incorrectly illustrated size relationships of the hollow cannula.
Der zuletzt genannte Vergrößerungseffekt führt beispiels¬ weise bei einer 2 mm im Durchmesser messenden Hohlkanüle, die selbst oder die in das Innere der Hohlkanüle einge¬ führte Koaxialkänüle Magnetisierungserscheinungen auf¬ weist, auf der NMR-Abbildung zu einer Konturverschmierung, die die Hohlkanüle mit einer verschwommenen Breite von ca. 10 mm darstellt. Dieser Koronareffekt, der sich um die Kanüle abzeichnet kann jedoch wichtige Gewebestellen auf der NMR-Abbildung abdecken. Bei möglichen Tumorgrößen von Durchmessern kleiner 10 mm ist es somit möglich, daß diese Gewebestellen von der Unscharfe herkömmlicher Hohlkanülen verdeckt wird.The last-mentioned magnification effect leads, for example in the case of a hollow cannula measuring 2 mm in diameter, which itself or the coaxial cannula inserted into the interior of the hollow cannula shows signs of magnetization, to a contour smear on the NMR image which the hollow cannula has with a blurred one Represents width of approx. 10 mm. However, this coronary effect, which emerges around the cannula, can cover important tissue locations on the NMR image. With possible tumor sizes of diameters smaller than 10 mm, it is therefore possible for these tissue sites to be covered by the blurred conventional hollow cannulae.
Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Vorrich¬ tung zur intrakorporalen Gewebeuntersuchung bzw.-entnähme mit einer Hohlkanüle, in deren Hohlkanal eine, an die Innenkontur der Hohlkanüle angepaßte Koaxialkanüle oder Nadelvorrichtung einführbar sind, derart weiterzubilden, daß die Verwendung der Hohlkanüle bei NMR-Beobachtungsver- hältnissen erhebliche Vorteile in der optischen Abbil¬ dungsqualität verschafft. Ferner soll die Vorrichtung mit der vorgenannten Untersuchungsmethode eine exakte Markier¬ hilfe bieten, so daß bestimmte Gewebestellen eindeutig räumlich markiert werden können.The invention is based on the object of developing a device for intracorporeal tissue examination or removal with a hollow cannula, into the hollow channel of which a coaxial cannula or needle device adapted to the inner contour of the hollow cannula can be inserted, such that the use of the hollow cannula in NMR -Observation conditions provides considerable advantages in the optical imaging quality. Furthermore, the device with the aforementioned examination method is intended to provide exact marking assistance, so that certain tissue locations can be clearly marked spatially.
Die Lösung der, der Erfindung zugrunde liegenden Aufgabe ist in den Ansprüchen 1 und 2 angegeben. Ein erfindungs¬ gemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 und 2 ist in Anspruch 11 beschrieben. Eine erfindungsgemäße Verwendung der Vorrichtung ist im Anspruch 13 angegeben. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind in den übrigen Ansprüchen enthalten.The solution to the problem on which the invention is based is given in claims 1 and 2. A method according to the invention for producing the device according to claims 1 and 2 is described in claim 11. An inventive use of the device is specified in claim 13. Advantageous embodiments are contained in the remaining claims.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Vorrichtung zur intrakorporalen Gewebeuntersuchung bzw.-entnähme mit einer Hohlkanüle, in deren Hohlkanal eine, an die Innenkontur der Hohlkanüle angepaßte Koaxialkanüle oder Nadelvorrichtung einführbar sind, derart ausgebildet, daß die Hohlkanüle und/oder die Koaxialkanüle aus Kunststoff besteht.According to the invention, a device for intracorporeal tissue examination or removal with a hollow cannula, into the hollow channel of which a coaxial cannula or needle device adapted to the inner contour of the hollow cannula can be inserted, is designed in such a way that the hollow cannula and / or the coaxial cannula consists of plastic.
Die Wahl des Kunststoff-Materials der Hohlkanüle sowie der in die Hohlkanüle einbringbaren Gegenstände sollte für die Verwendung von NMR-Verfahren möglichst nicht magnetisch sein, so daß Irritationen, bedingt durch die hohen Magnet¬ felder auszuschließen sind.The choice of the plastic material of the hollow cannula and of the objects which can be introduced into the hollow cannula should, if possible, not be magnetic for the use of NMR methods, so that irritations due to the high magnetic fields can be excluded.
Besonders ist die Fertigung der Kanülen aus sogenanntem PEEK (Polyetherether-keton) geeignet, das als Rohstoff beispielsweise von der Firma "Victrex Sales Ltd. " zu be¬ ziehen ist. Ausgehend von bereits fertig im Handel zu beziehenden PEEK-Schläuchen sind die Wanddurchmesser der Schläuche auf eine geeignete Wanddicke zurückzudünnen, so daß die Wandstärke etwa 1/10 mm entspricht.The manufacture of the cannulas from so-called PEEK (polyether ether ketone), which is available as a raw material, for example from the company "Victrex Sales Ltd.", is particularly suitable. Starting from PEEK hoses that are already commercially available, the wall diameters of the hoses must be thinned back to a suitable wall thickness so that the wall thickness corresponds to approximately 1/10 mm.
Darüberhinaus ist die Fertigung der Kanülen auch aus Glas¬ faser verstärktem Kunstharz möglicht, so daß eine weitge¬ hend kontrastfreie, d.h. durchsichtige Abbildung auf einem NMR-Bild erreichbar ist, da diese Kunstharze bzw. Kunst¬ stoffe so gut wie nicht in magnetische Wechselwirkung mit den Kernresonanz-Magnetfeldern treten.In addition, the cannulas can also be made from glass fiber-reinforced synthetic resin, so that a largely contrast-free, i.e. transparent imaging on an NMR image can be achieved, since these synthetic resins or plastics practically do not interact magnetically with the nuclear magnetic fields.
Unter NMR-Beobachtung erfolgt der erste Einstich der Hohl¬ kanüle in den zu untersuchenden Gewebebereich mit Hilfe einer in die Hohlkanüle eingeführten Nadelvorrichtung, die bevorzugterweise aus Titan gefertigt ist. Titan ist ein Metall, das weitgehend keine Wechselwirkungen mit den starken Magnetfeldern zeigt und darüberhinaus eine große Härte und Steifigkeit aufweist, so daß ein geradliniger Einstich in das Gewebe möglich ist. Die Titannadel dient als Stabilisator für die an sich flexible Hohlkanüle, die aus dem vorstehenden Kunststoff gefertigt ist. Die Spitze der Titannadel ist scharfkantig ausgebildet und ragt di- stalseitig aus der Hohlkanüle ein wenig heraus. Auf diese Weise kann kein Gewebematerial zwischen Nadel und Hohl- kanüle eintreten. Die scharfen Schnittkanten der Nadel¬ spitzesorgen für eine saubere Durchtrennung des Gewebes.The first puncture of the hollow cannula into the tissue area to be examined is carried out with the aid of NMR observation a needle device inserted into the hollow cannula, which is preferably made of titanium. Titanium is a metal that shows largely no interactions with the strong magnetic fields and is also extremely hard and rigid, so that a straight line penetration into the tissue is possible. The titanium needle serves as a stabilizer for the flexible hollow cannula, which is made of the above plastic. The tip of the titanium needle is sharp-edged and protrudes a little from the hollow cannula on the distal side. In this way, no tissue material can enter between the needle and the hollow cannula. The sharp cutting edges of the needle tip ensure a clean cut of the tissue.
Die Darstellung der Titannadel auf einem NMR-Abbild stellt sich jedoch trotz der vernachlässigbaren Magnetisierung als verschwommenes Abbild dar, so daß für eine Feinstaus¬ richtung der eingebrachten Kanüle relativ zu der zu unter¬ suchenden Gewebestelle die Titannadel entfernt werden sollte, zumal die dür den Einbringvorgang notwendige Stei- figkeit der Kanüle nun nicht mehr so relevant ist.In spite of the negligible magnetization, the representation of the titanium needle on an NMR image appears as a blurred image, so that the titanium needle should be removed for a fine alignment of the inserted cannula relative to the tissue site to be examined, especially since the insertion process necessary stiffness of the cannula is no longer so relevant.
Hierzu wird die Titannadel entnommen und eine innere Koa¬ xialkanüle, die vorzugsweise ebenfalls als Hohlkanüle ausgebildet ist, in die Hohlnadel eingeführt. Die innere Koaxialkanüle ist an der distalen Spitze verschlossen, so daß ein Befüllen der Koaxialkanüle mit flüssigem Kontrats- mittel mittels einer geeigneten Injektionsspritze möglich ist.For this purpose, the titanium needle is removed and an inner coaxial cannula, which is preferably also designed as a hollow cannula, is inserted into the hollow needle. The inner coaxial cannula is closed at the distal tip, so that the coaxial cannula can be filled with liquid contrast medium by means of a suitable injection syringe.
Je nach Wahl des Kontrastmittels können gewünschte Kon¬ traste auf der NMR-Abbildung erreicht werden. So ist das Befüllen der Koaxialkanüle mit parafinischen Ölen oder mit Lösungen, die Gadolinium enthalten aufgrund Ihres Kon- trastverhaltens besonders geeignet. Je nach den zu unter¬ suchenden Gewebebereichen, die sich in Abhängigkeit ihrer Konsistenz in unterschiedlicher Farbtönung auf den tomo¬ graphischen Abbildungen abzeichnen, ist durch die vorbe¬ schriebene Wahl von Kontrastmitteln eine individuelle Kontrastfarbanpassung der Koaxialkanüle auf dem NMR-Bild möglich. Als besonders geeignet haben sich Gadolinium- Lösungen herausgestellt, da sie zu weißen Kontrastflächen führen, die sich eindeutig von dem restlichen Umfeld der NMR-Abbildung abheben.Depending on the choice of the contrast medium, desired contrasts can be achieved on the NMR image. This is how the coaxial cannula is filled with paraffinic oils or with solutions that contain gadolinium due to their con- traction behavior particularly suitable. Depending on the tissue areas to be examined, which, depending on their consistency, are shown in different colors on the tomographic images, the above-mentioned choice of contrast media makes it possible to adapt the coaxial cannula to the contrast image on the NMR image. Gadolinium solutions have proven to be particularly suitable because they lead to white contrast surfaces which clearly stand out from the rest of the surroundings of the NMR imaging.
Das Einbringen des Kontrastmittels in die Koaxialkanüle ist zudem nicht zwingend erforderlich, zumal die im In¬ neren der Koaxialkanüle eingeschlossene Luft einen ausrei¬ chenden Kontrast relativ zum Gewebehintergrund für den Operateur zum Positionieren der Nadelspitze relativ zur Gewebestelle bietet. Es bleibt jedoch festzustellen, daß Luft als schwarzes Feld auf einem NMR-Bild dargestellt wird, so daß eine kontrastreichere Abbildung der Kanüle zu Zwecken einer exakteren und einfacheren Markierung durch¬ aus wünschenswert ist.It is also not absolutely necessary to introduce the contrast medium into the coaxial cannula, especially since the air enclosed in the interior of the coaxial cannula offers sufficient contrast relative to the tissue background for the operator to position the needle tip relative to the tissue site. However, it remains to be seen that air is shown as a black field on an NMR image, so that a more high-contrast image of the cannula is desirable for the purpose of a more precise and simple marking.
Hierfür bietet sich die Verwendung des vorbeschriebenen Kontrastmittels an, das in die Koaxialkanüle einzubringen ist. In diesem Zusammenhang spricht man auch von "Dopen" der Kanüle.The use of the above-described contrast medium, which is to be introduced into the coaxial cannula, is appropriate for this. In this context, one speaks of "doping" the cannula.
Eine weitere Verbesserung der optischen Darstellungsquali¬ tät der vorstehend beschriebenen Kanülen auf einem NMR- Bild ist zu erreichen, indem an der distalen Kanülenspitze einer innen hohl ausgebildeten Koaxialkanüle ein elektri¬ scher Leiter vorgesehen ist, der die Form einer Spule aufweist. Die Spulenachse ist parallel zur Achse der Ka¬ nüle orientiert. Durch die im Rahmen einer NMR-Aufnähme auftretenden intermittierenden elektromagnetischen Felder werden in der Spule Ströme induziert, die über ein an die Spulenenden angeschlossenes Koaxialkabel weitergeleitet werden. Das Koaxialkabel verläuft im Inneren der Koaxial¬ kanüle proximalseitig nach Außen und ist an einem bildver¬ arbeitenden Rechner angeschlossen, der die Signalströme der Spule derart verarbeitet, so daß in der NMR-Abbildung eine scharf gezeichnete Positionsdarstellung der Spule erhalten wird.A further improvement in the optical representation quality of the cannulas described above on an NMR image can be achieved by providing an electrical conductor which is in the form of a coil at the distal cannula tip of a coaxial cannula which is hollow on the inside. The coil axis is oriented parallel to the axis of the cannula. By the in the context of an NMR recording Intermittent electromagnetic fields that occur are induced in the coil, which are passed on via a coaxial cable connected to the coil ends. The coaxial cable runs inside the coaxial cannula on the proximal side and is connected to an image processing computer which processes the signal currents of the coil so that a sharply drawn positional representation of the coil is obtained in the NMR image.
Die Spule dient in der vorstehend beschriebenen Anordnung als passive Empfangsantenne. Gleichwohl ist auch ein akti¬ ver Spulenbetrieb denkbar, der die Spule als Sendeantenne vorsieht. Die von der Spule abgestrahlten Sendeimpulse können von einer Empfangseinrichtung, die in der NMR- Anlage integriert ist, empfangen und entsprechend ausge¬ wertet werden. Durch diesen aktiven Spulenbetrieb ist eine genaue dreidimensionale Erfassung der Position der Spule innerhalb der NMR-Anlage möglich. Das dieser Positionser¬ fassung zugrundeliegende Prinzip enstpricht den bekannten Verfahren in der Radartechniken, die nicht zuletzt auch in der Flugüberwachung von Lufträumen Verwendung finden (Transponder-Prinzip) .In the arrangement described above, the coil serves as a passive receiving antenna. Nevertheless, active coil operation is also conceivable, which provides the coil as a transmitting antenna. The transmission pulses emitted by the coil can be received by a receiving device which is integrated in the NMR system and evaluated accordingly. This active coil operation enables an accurate three-dimensional detection of the position of the coil within the NMR system. The principle on which this position detection is based corresponds to the known methods in radar technology, which are also used not least in flight monitoring of air spaces (transponder principle).
Weiterführende Gedanken sind in diesem Zusammenhang aus der US 5 271 400 zu entnehmen.Further ideas can be found in this connection from US Pat. No. 5,271,400.
Ferner sollte die erfindungsgemäße Hohlkanüle annähernd die mechanische Robustheit einer aus Metall gefertigten Kanüle besitzen, um mit Sicherheit ausschließen zu können, daß keine Materialabsplitterungen im Körperinneren ver¬ bleiben. Versuche haben gezeigt, daß Kanülen aus Glasfaser-ver¬ stärkten Kunststoff die erforderlichen Materialeigenschaf¬ ten besitzen.Furthermore, the hollow cannula according to the invention should have approximately the mechanical robustness of a cannula made of metal in order to be able to rule out with certainty that no material chips remain inside the body. Tests have shown that cannulas made of glass fiber reinforced plastic have the required material properties.
Mit Hilfe des nachstehend beschriebenen, erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist es möglich, eine Hohlkanüle aus Glasfaser¬ verstärktem Kunstharz mit einer Wandstärke von ca. einem zehntel Millimeter herzustellen, die die Robustheit und Haltbarkeit einer aus Metall gefertigten Kanüle aufweist.With the aid of the method according to the invention described below, it is possible to produce a hollow cannula made of glass fiber reinforced synthetic resin with a wall thickness of approximately one tenth of a millimeter, which has the robustness and durability of a cannula made of metal.
Hierzu wird ein, die Innenkontur der Hohlkanüle aufwei¬ sendes Formteil mit einem Polyethylen-Schlauch überzogen, der Überzug für einen zwar innigen, jedoch wieder lösbaren Kontakt zwischen dem Formteil und der um das Formteil aufzubringenden Kunstharzschicht bildet.For this purpose, a molded part having the inner contour of the hollow cannula is covered with a polyethylene tube, which forms a cover for an intimate but detachable contact between the molded part and the synthetic resin layer to be applied around the molded part.
Nachdem der PE-Schlauch auf das Formteil aufgebracht ist, wird ein dünnwandiger Glasfaserschlauch über das längliche Formteil geschoben, so daß der Glasfaserschlauch in bevor¬ zugter Weise leicht auseinander gedehnt wird. Auf diese Weise ist gewährleistet, daß der Glasfaserschlauch allsei¬ tig gleichmäßig auf dem Formteil aufliegt. Der Glasfaser¬ schlauch besteht aus einem feinmaschigen Glasfasergewebe, mit einer typischen Stärke unterhalb eines zehntel Milli¬ meters. Durch Tränken des derart auf dem Formteil aufgezo¬ genen GlasfaserSchlauches mit Kunstharz und einer danach erfolgenden Rotation des Formteils senkrecht zur Glas¬ faserschlauchlängsachse entsteht eine gleichmäßig dicke GFK-Schicht.After the PE tube has been applied to the molded part, a thin-walled glass fiber tube is pushed over the elongated molded part, so that the glass fiber tube is preferably slightly stretched apart. In this way it is ensured that the glass fiber tube lies uniformly on all sides on the molded part. The glass fiber tube consists of a fine-meshed glass fiber fabric with a typical thickness below one tenth of a millimeter. By impregnating the glass fiber tube thus drawn on the molded part with synthetic resin and then rotating the molded part perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the glass fiber tube, a uniformly thick GFRP layer is produced.
Nach Aushärten des Harzmaterials ist die Kanüle von dem Formteil zu entnehmen und der PE-Schlauch aus dem Inneren der Hohlkanüle zu entfernen. Durch Abschneiden der gehär¬ teten Koaxialkanüle auf eine gewünschte Länge, Anschleifen --After the resin material has hardened, the cannula is removed from the molded part and the PE tube is removed from the interior of the hollow cannula. By cutting the hardened coaxial cannula to a desired length, grinding -
- 9 -- 9 -
des distalen Endes der sich ergebenden Hohlkanüle und entsprechende Oberflächenbehandlung entlang der Oberfläche der Kanüle ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung möglichst kostengünstiger Hohlkanülen angegeben.At the distal end of the resulting hollow cannula and corresponding surface treatment along the surface of the cannula, a method for producing hollow cannulas which are as inexpensive as possible is specified.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend ohne Beschränkung des all¬ gemeinen Erfindungsgedankens anhand von Ausführungsbei- spielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung exemplarisch beschrieben, auf die im übrigen bezüglich der Offenbarung aller im Text nicht näher erläuterten erfindungsgemäßen Einzelheiten ausdrücklich verwiesen wird. Es zeigen:The invention is described below by way of example without limitation of the general inventive concept on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing, to which reference is expressly made with regard to the disclosure of all details according to the invention not explained in detail in the text. Show it:
Fig. la,b schematische Seitendarstellungen einer erfin¬ dungsgemäßen Hohlkanüle und1a, b are schematic side representations of a hollow cannula according to the invention and
Fig. lc,d schematische Seitendarstellung einer Koaxialkanüle (Mandra) .Fig. Lc, d schematic side view of a coaxial cannula (Mandra).
Fig. 2 aus Titan gefertigte Koaxialkanüle undFig. 2 made of titanium coaxial cannula and
Fig. 3a,b, erfindungsgemäße Koaxialkanüle mit c Spuleneinsatz3a, b, coaxial cannula according to the invention with c coil insert
Darstellung von AusführungsbeispielenRepresentation of exemplary embodiments
Der in Fig.la dargestellte Schaft (1) der Hohlkanüle ist in seiner gesamten Länge aus Kunststoff gefertigt und an seiner distalen Spitze, die mit dem Bereich x gekennzeich¬ net ist, als Schneidekante (2) bzw. als abgeflachte Spitze ausgebildet. In Fig.lb ist in vergrößerter Darstellung der Bereich x dargestellt, der die distale Schneidekante (2) zeigt. Darüber hinaus ist aus dieser Darstellung die ge¬ ringe Wandstärke der erfindungsgemäßen Hohlkanüle angedeu¬ tet, die üblicherweise eine maximale Wandstärke von ca. ein zehntel Millimeter aufweist. In Fig. lc ist eine Koaxialkanüle dargestellt, die proxi- malseitig in die Hohlkanüle gemäß Fig. la einführbar ist. Auch hier ist der Schaft (3) aus Kunststoff gefertigt, der keine wesentlichen Einflüsse auf die magnetischen Verhält¬ nisse bei NMR-Verfahren besitzt. Der in Fig.lc mit y ge¬ kennzeichnete distale Bereich der Koaxialkanüle ist in Fig. ld vergrößert dargestellt. Aus Fig.ld ist zu entneh¬ men, daß die Koaxialkanüle innen hohl und am distalen Bereich mit einer spitz zulaufenden Verschließform (4) abnehmbar oder fest verschlossen ist.The shaft (1) of the hollow cannula shown in FIG. 1 is made of plastic over its entire length and is formed at its distal tip, which is marked with the region x, as a cutting edge (2) or as a flattened tip. In Fig.lb the area x is shown in an enlarged view, which shows the distal cutting edge (2). In addition, the low wall thickness of the hollow cannula according to the invention is indicated from this representation, which usually has a maximum wall thickness of approximately one tenth of a millimeter. FIG. 1c shows a coaxial cannula that can be inserted on the proximal side into the hollow cannula according to FIG. Here, too, the shaft (3) is made of plastic, which has no significant influence on the magnetic conditions in NMR processes. The distal region of the coaxial cannula identified by y in FIG. 1c is shown enlarged in FIG. 1d. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the coaxial cannula is hollow on the inside and can be removed or firmly closed at the distal area with a tapered closure shape (4).
Mit Hilfe einer Injektionsspritze, deren Nadel in die Koaxialkanüle einzuführen ist, ist es möglich, die Koa¬ xialkanüle mit einem flüssigen Kontrastmittel zu befüllen, beispielsweise parafinartige Öle oder mit Gadolinum ver¬ setze Lösungen. Nach dem Befüllvorgang ist die Koaxial¬ kanüle proximalseitig mit einem Verschließpfropfen (4') zu verschließen.With the aid of an injection syringe, the needle of which is to be inserted into the coaxial cannula, it is possible to fill the coaxial cannula with a liquid contrast medium, for example paraffin-like oils or solutions mixed with gadolinum. After the filling process, the coaxial cannula is to be closed on the proximal side with a stopper (4 ').
In Figur 2 ist eine aus Titan gefertigte Koaxialkanüle dargestellt, mit der der Einstechvorgang vorzunehmen ist. Hierzu ist die Titan-Kanüle in die Hohlkanüle einzuführen und in dieser Anordnung durch den zu untersuchenden Körper zu stecken. Die Spitze der Kanüle ist mit einem Schneide¬ schliff ausgestattet, so daß der Einstechvorgang möglichst ohne große Gewebeverletzungen erfolgen kann.FIG. 2 shows a coaxial cannula made of titanium, with which the piercing process is to be carried out. For this purpose, the titanium cannula has to be inserted into the hollow cannula and inserted in this arrangement through the body to be examined. The tip of the cannula is equipped with a cutting edge, so that the piercing process can be carried out without major tissue injuries if possible.
Aus den Figuren 3 a, b und c ist eine Kanülenanordnung mit einer elektrischen Spulenanordnung zu entnehmen, die als passive Empfangsantenne für die NMR-Felder zu exakten Positionsbestimmung dient.FIGS. 3 a, b and c show a cannula arrangement with an electrical coil arrangement which serves as a passive receiving antenna for the NMR fields for exact position determination.
Figur 3 a zeigt eine innen hohl ausgebildete Koaxialkanüle 5, an deren distalen Spitze 6, die vorzugsweise eine drei- seitige Prismenform besitzt, eine Spule 7 angebracht ist. Die Achse der Spule 7 ist innerhalb der Kanüle parallel zur Kanülenachse orientiert. Beide Spulenanschlüsse münden in einem Koaxialkabel 8, das proximalseitig die Kanüle verläßt (siehe Figur 3b). Mit Hilfe eines geeigneten An- schlusstückes 9 (Fig. 3c) ist das Koaxialkabel an einen bildverarbeitenen Rechner angeschlossen, der die von der Spule empfangenen Signale mit in die Bildverarbeitung entsprechend einrechnet. Auf diese Weise ist eine exakte Positionsdarstellung der Spule auf der NMR-Aufnähme mög¬ lich. Die Spulenform zeichnet sich auf dem Bild mit schar¬ fen Umrißlinien ab, die den wahren Größenverhältnissen entsprechen. Ungewollte Koronareffekte, die das unmittel¬ bar Umfeld der Kanüle abdecken treten nicht auf.FIG. 3 a shows an internally hollow coaxial cannula 5, at the distal tip 6 of which there is preferably a three- has side prism shape, a coil 7 is attached. The axis of the coil 7 is oriented parallel to the cannula axis within the cannula. Both coil connections end in a coaxial cable 8, which leaves the cannula on the proximal side (see FIG. 3b). With the aid of a suitable connecting piece 9 (FIG. 3c), the coaxial cable is connected to an image-processing computer, which appropriately includes the signals received from the coil in the image processing. In this way, an exact positional representation of the coil on the NMR recording is possible. The coil shape is shown on the picture with sharp outlines that correspond to the true proportions. There are no unwanted coronary effects that cover the immediate vicinity of the cannula.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist es möglich, vorzugsweise Gewebeentnahmen in kontrollierter Weise unter zu Hilfenahme von Kernresonanz-magnetischen Untersuchungs- verfahren durchzuführen, ohne dabei die Abbildungsqualität in nachhaltiger Weise durch die zur Gewebeentnahme benö¬ tigten Instrumente zu beeinflussen. Durch die einmal ein¬ gebrachte und exakt an die zu untersuchende Gewebestelle positionierte Hohlkanüle ist es möglich durch diesen Öff¬ nungskanal eine Reihe von medizinischen Instrumenten hin¬ durchzuführen. Neben Biopsienadeln können auch Markie¬ rungsdrähte in Gewebestelle eingebracht werden, die als Fixierhilfen, zur Bestimmung der zu untersuchenden Gewebe¬ stelle dienen.With the device according to the invention, it is possible to carry out tissue sampling preferably in a controlled manner with the aid of nuclear magnetic resonance examination methods, without thereby influencing the imaging quality in a sustainable manner by the instruments required for tissue sampling. Once the hollow cannula has been inserted and positioned exactly at the tissue site to be examined, it is possible to pass a number of medical instruments through this opening channel. In addition to biopsy needles, marking wires can also be introduced into the tissue site, which serve as fixing aids for determining the tissue site to be examined.
Durch die Kontrastvaration der Hohlkanüle durch die einzu¬ bringenden unterschiedlichen Materialien mit Hilfe einer Koaxialkanüle kann jeweils auf die vorherrschenden Kon¬ trastverhältnisse der jeweiligen Aufnahmen Rücksicht ge¬ nommen werden. Das vorstehend beschrieben Verfahren ist nicht nur auf die Untersuchung menschlichen oder tierischem Gewebe begrenzt, sondern ist für die Analyse aller mit Hilfe der NMR-Tech- nik zu untersuchenden Materialien anwendbar. Due to the contrast variation of the hollow cannula due to the different materials to be introduced with the aid of a coaxial cannula, the prevailing contrast ratios of the respective images can be taken into account. The method described above is not only limited to the examination of human or animal tissue, but can also be used for the analysis of all materials to be examined with the aid of NMR technology.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Vorrichtung zur intrakorporalen Gewebeuntersuchung bzw. -entnähme, mit einer Hohlkanüle, in deren Hohl¬ kanal eine, an die Innenkontur der Hohlkanüle angepaßte Koaxialkanüle oder Nadelvorrichtung einführbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hohlkanüle aus Kunst¬ stoff besteht.1. Device for intracorporeal tissue examination or removal, with a hollow cannula, in the hollow channel of which a coaxial cannula or needle device adapted to the inner contour of the hollow cannula can be inserted, characterized in that the hollow cannula consists of plastic.
2. Vorrichtung zur intrakorporalen Gewebeuntersuchung bzw. -entnähme, mit einer Hohlkanüle, in deren Hohl¬ kanal eine, an die Innenkontur der Hohlkanüle angepaßte Koaxialkanüle einführbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Koaxialkanüle aus Kunststoff oder Titan besteht.2. Device for intracorporeal tissue examination or removal, with a hollow cannula, in the hollow channel of which a coaxial cannula adapted to the inner contour of the hollow cannula can be inserted, characterized in that the coaxial cannula consists of plastic or titanium.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff ein Polyetherether-keton (PEEK) ist.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic is a polyether ether ketone (PEEK).
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Koaxialkanüle als Hohlkanüle ausgebildet ist und an ihrem distalen Ende eine Spitze aufweist.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coaxial cannula is designed as a hollow cannula and has a tip at its distal end.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wandstärke der Kanülen maximal eine Stärke von ca. 1/10 mm aufweist. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wall thickness of the cannulas has a maximum thickness of approximately 1/10 mm.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die distale Spitze der Hohlkanüle einen zur Spitze hin verlaufenden, den Außendurchmesser der Hohlkanüle verjüngenden Flächenabschnitt aufweist.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the distal tip of the hollow cannula has a surface section running towards the tip and tapering the outer diameter of the hollow cannula.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nadelvorrichtung aus Titan besteht.7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the needle device consists of titanium.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Koaxialkanüle unmittel¬ bar proximalseitig hinter der distalen Spitze eine aus einem elektrischen Leiter bestehende Spulenanordnung aufweist.8. The device according to claim 2 to 5, characterized in that the coaxial cannula has a coil assembly consisting of an electrical conductor immediately on the proximal side behind the distal tip.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Spulenanschlüsse in ein Koaxialkabel münden, das koaxial zur Koaxialkanüle proximalseitig nach Außen führt.9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the two coil connections open into a coaxial cable which leads coaxially to the coaxial cannula on the proximal side to the outside.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, daddurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff glasfaserverstärkter Kunststoff ist.10. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic is glass fiber reinforced plastic.
11. Verfahren zur Herstellung der Hohlkanüle nach An¬ spruch 10, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Verfahrensschritte:11. A process for producing the hollow cannula according to claim 10, characterized by the following process steps:
- Überziehen eines die Innenkontur der Hohlkanüle bildenden Formteils mit einem folienhaften Überzug, - Überzug eines dünnwandigen Glasfaserschlauches auf das Formteil,Covering a molded part forming the inner contour of the hollow cannula with a film-like covering, - coating a thin-walled glass fiber tube on the molded part,
- Tränken des Glasfaserschlauches mit einem Kunstharz,- impregnation of the glass fiber tube with a synthetic resin,
- Schleudern der Hohlkanüle senkrecht zur Kanülenachse und- Spin the hollow cannula perpendicular to the cannula axis and
- Abziehen der erstarrten Hohlkanüle vom Formteil und Entnahme des Folienschlauches.- Pull off the solidified hollow cannula from the molded part and remove the film tube.
- Tränken des Glasfaserschlauches mit einem Kunstharz,- impregnation of the glass fiber tube with a synthetic resin,
- Schleudern der Hohlkanüle senkrecht zur Kanülenachse und- Spin the hollow cannula perpendicular to the cannula axis and
- Abziehen der erstarrten Hohlkanüle vom Formteil und Entnahme des Folienschlauches.- Pull off the solidified hollow cannula from the molded part and remove the film tube.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der folienhafte Überzug aus einem Polyethylen-Schlauch besteht.12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the film-like coating consists of a polyethylene tube.
13. Verwendung der Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hohlkanüle und die Koaxialkanüle während NMR-(nucleous-magnetic-reso- nance)-Untersuchungen das Positionieren der Kanülen an die zu untersuchenden Stellen erlaubt und das Markieren von zu untersuchenden Stellen mit Hilfe der Kanülenspitze ermöglicht ohne die wahren Größenverhältnisse der auf einem NMR-Abbild darge¬ stellten Objekte zu verfälschen. 13. Use of the device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the hollow cannula and the coaxial cannula during NMR (nucleous-magnetic-resonance) investigations allows the positioning of the cannulas at the sites to be examined and the marking of to be examined with the help of the cannula tip without falsifying the true proportions of the objects shown on an NMR image.
14. Verwendung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß während der NMR-Unter¬ suchung zur Kontrastveränderung die Hohlkanüle gegenüber dem zu untersuchenden Hintergrund, die Koaxialkanüle mit wiederentnehmbaren MNR-Kontrastmaterial einfüllbar ist und in die Hohlkanüle einführbar ist.14. Use according to claim 13, characterized in that during the NMR examination to change the contrast, the hollow cannula can be filled in with respect to the background to be examined, the coaxial cannula with removable MNR contrast material and can be inserted into the hollow cannula.
15. Verwendung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das NMR-Kontrastmaterial flüssig ist.15. Use according to claim 14, characterized in that the NMR contrast material is liquid.
16. Verwendung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kontrastmittel Gadolinium oder parafinierte Öle enthält.16. Use according to claim 15, characterized in that the contrast agent contains gadolinium or paraffinized oils.
17. Verwendung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kontrastmittel auf NMR- Abbildungen als weißes Gebiet hervorgeht, dessen Größendarstellung auf der Abbildung maßstabsgetreu ist. 17. Use according to claim 14, characterized in that the contrast agent on NMR images emerges as a white area, the size of which is true to scale on the image.
PCT/DE1995/001528 1994-11-04 1995-11-06 Plastic canula for intracorporeal tissue examination WO1996014023A1 (en)

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DEP4439164.1 1994-11-04
DE4439164 1994-11-04
DE19500157A DE19500157A1 (en) 1994-11-04 1995-01-04 Hollow cannula for intracorporeal tissue examination made of plastic
DE19500157.5 1995-01-04

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US7831290B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2010-11-09 Devicor Medical Products, Inc. MRI biopsy device localization fixture
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