WO1995020908A1 - Electrode connector - Google Patents
Electrode connector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995020908A1 WO1995020908A1 PCT/US1994/005513 US9405513W WO9520908A1 WO 1995020908 A1 WO1995020908 A1 WO 1995020908A1 US 9405513 W US9405513 W US 9405513W WO 9520908 A1 WO9520908 A1 WO 9520908A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- connector
- jaws
- fixed
- tab
- movable
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/271—Arrangements of electrodes with cords, cables or leads, e.g. single leads or patient cord assemblies
- A61B5/273—Connection of cords, cables or leads to electrodes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/271—Arrangements of electrodes with cords, cables or leads, e.g. single leads or patient cord assemblies
- A61B5/273—Connection of cords, cables or leads to electrodes
- A61B5/274—Connection of cords, cables or leads to electrodes using snap or button fasteners
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
- H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
- H01R11/22—End pieces terminating in a spring clip
- H01R11/24—End pieces terminating in a spring clip with gripping jaws, e.g. crocodile clip
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/16—Details of sensor housings or probes; Details of structural supports for sensors
- A61B2562/17—Comprising radiolucent components
Definitions
- the present invention relates to connectors for biomedical electrodes having an electrically conductive contacting tab with generally flat upper and lower surfaces.
- biomedical electrodes which have an electrically conductive contacting tab.
- Examples of such biomedical electrodes are described in U.S. Patent No's. 4,543,958 to Cartmel, 4,798,208 to Faasse, Jr., 5,012,810 to Strand et al., 5,078,138 to Strand et al., 5,078,139 to Strand et al., 5,133,356 to Bryan et al., and 5,215,087 to Anderson.
- Particular examples of such electrodes include 3M Red DotTM ECG and EKG electrodes generally available from the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. (3M) of St. Paul, Minnesota.
- such electrodes have a substantially flat construction which leads to significant advantages including: (1) such an electrode is less conspicuous when worn under a patient's clothes and less obstructive to other medical procedures, and (2) the low profile of tab-style electrodes provides a structure which is free of any substantial projections that might cause discomfort for a patient should the patient be bumped in the vicinity of the electrode or should the patient lie on the electrode.
- the art is also replete with connectors for electrically connecting medical equipment to a tab-style electrode.
- medical equipment may comprise electrical signal receiving instrumentation, diagnostic equipment, stress monitoring equipment or other testing equipment for detecting a patient's electrical signals.
- Other examples of medical equipment include therapeutic electrical instrumentation such as transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation (TENS) devices used for pain management and neuromuscular stimulation (NMS) equipment used for treating conditions such as scoliosis.
- Medical equipment may also include the equipment used in electrosurgery or equipment used with defibrillation pads for emergency cardiac treatment.
- Examples of connectors for connecting medical equipment to a tab-style biomedical electrode include U.S. Patents Nos. 4,061,408 to Bast et al., 4,555,155 to Drake, 4,700,997 to Strand, 4,842,558 to Strand, and 4,952,177 to Drake et al.
- An "alligator” type electrical connector typically includes a fixed jaw and a movable jaw, a pin for mounting the movable jaw for pivotal movement relative to the fixed jaw between tab accept and closed positions and a spring for biasing the movable jaw toward the closed position.
- a leadwire is typically fixedly connected to the fixed jaw so that the fixed jaw does not move relative to the leadwire.
- the term "fixed jaw”, when used to describe one of the jaws of an “alligator” type connector means that jaw which remains stationary or fixed relative to the leadwire when the connector is opened.
- Particular examples of "alligator” type electrical connectors include U.S. Patent No's.
- Prior art "alligator” type electrical connectors suffer from many drawbacks. In order to ensure a very high pull off force of the connector from the tab, some prior art “alligator” type electrical connectors include a very strong spring which renders the electrical connector difficult to open. Also, some prior art electrical connectors include a hole, depression, groove, slot, slit or other discontinuous surface in a jaw which is designed to deflect the tab of the electrode.
- Such deflection of the tab generally results in a higher grasping force for the tab but also tends to mar, puncture or otherwise damage the conductive surface of the electrically conductive contacting tab of the biomedical electrode. Such damage may potentially result in a loss of continuity or may otherwise adversely affect the electrical properties of the biomedical electrode.
- Some jaws of prior art "alligator" electrical connectors include teeth, abutment surfaces, labyrinth ⁇ like or tortuous paths or an otherwise rough surfaces.
- a rough surface may include a structure that substantially deforms or deflects the electrode contacting tab during insertion of the tab into the connector. Again, the deflection of the tab into a surface irregularity may increase the tab pull off force of the connector, but not without costs.
- the rough surface may "catch" the electrically contacting tab and cause the contacting tab to bend or otherwise deform while the tab is being inserted into the connector. Such action may render the electrical connector difficult to place on the tab of an electrode.
- V-shaped nature of many prior art "alligator” type connectors render them particularly susceptible to tangling with the leadwires of other leadwires and connectors as the leadwire of one assembly may easily slip between proximal ends of the fixed and movable jaws of another assembly.
- PCT Application No. PCT/US93/11949 discloses an electrode connector comprising pivotally mounted fixed and movable jaws that are spring biased to a closed position. The jaws of that connector are mounted for pivotal movement by virtue of pins located on the movable jaw and recesses in the fixed jaw. While this connector functions adequately, its capacity to remain assembled could be improved.
- That connector is assembled by 1) placing the spring between proximal end portions of the fixed and movable jaws, and 2) then sliding the movable jaw generally along the longitudinal axis of the fixed jaw until the pins of the movable jaw are seated in the recesses of the fixed jaw.
- the portions of the recesses in the fixed jaw that are adapted to receive the pins are larger than the pins in the movable jaw. Because of the shape and size of the recesses of the fixed jaw, it was possible to move the movable jaw downward relative to the fixed jaw when the jaws were assembled (e.g. such as when a user intended to open the jaws) . Although it generally does not pose a problem, such downward movement of the movable jaw relative to the fixed jaw could lead to inadvertent disassembly of the assembled jaws, clearly an undesirable result.
- the present invention provides a connector for a biomedical electrode having a generally flat, electrically conductive contacting tab.
- the connector comprises fixed and movable jaws having tab engagement surfaces for engaging the contacting tab of the biomedical electrode.
- a means for assembling the fixed and movable jaws in an assembled condition, and for mounting the jaws for relative pivotal movement between tab accept and closed positions.
- the movable jaw In the tab accept position, the movable jaw is spaced from the fixed jaw so that the tab of the biomedical electrode may be received between the jaws.
- the fixed and movable jaws In the closed position, the fixed and movable jaws are spaced more closely than in the tab accept position.
- That means preferably comprises the movable jaw having at least one pin (preferably two) and the fixed jaw having recesses for receiving the pins.
- the connector according to the present invention preferably has a pair of securing ribs on the movable jaw that retain the jaws in the assembled condition.
- the recesses preferably comprise surfaces defining entry and locking portions. In a preferred embodiment, the locking portions of the recesses are oriented at approximately a 90° angle to the entry portions.
- the connector comprises a ramp within each of the recesses which separates the entry and locking portions and which terminates in a locking shoulder.
- the ramps become more shallow within their respective recesses proceeding from their distal ends to their proximal ends.
- the entry portion has surfaces defining a pivot recess for receiving the pins of the movable jaw to afford the relative pivotal movement.
- the pivot recess has seating surfaces that resist downward movement of the pins when the pins are received in the pivot recess.
- each of the securing ribs preferably have a chamfered lead-in surface adapted to facilitate the pushing of the securing ribs through the press-fit.
- the locking shoulders of the recesses are adapted to abut the securing ribs to resist disassembly of the movable and fixed jaws.
- the locking shoulder is a substantially arcuate surface to afford the pivotal movement between the jaws.
- the locking portions are bounded by the locking shoulders, and the securing ribs are free to move within the locking portions so that the pins are held closely adjacent the pivot recess throughout a range of pivotal motion of the movable jaw with respect to the fixed jaw around the axis of the pins.
- the fixed jaw comprises smooth, continuous tab engagement and lead-in surfaces
- the movable jaw comprises a tooth portion having a tab engagement surface, and a smooth lead-in surface.
- the tooth portion preferably comprises two teeth having a groove therebetween.
- the present invention provides a connector which: 1) provides an actuation force less than about nine (9) pounds so that a broad range of user's may open the jaws of the connector while maintaining a desirable tab retention force, 2) preferably provides smooth tab engagement surfaces on one jaw which restrict damage to the tab of the electrode and which facilitate insertion of the tab between the jaws of the connector, 3) preferably provides a jaw with a continuous tab engagement surface to restrict excessive deflection of the tab of the electrode when it is clamped between the jaws of the connector to thereby restrict damage to the tab of the electrode, 4) may be constructed from X-Ray translucent materials, 5) is particularly suitable for use with a tab-style electrode comprising a tab with a stiff-flexible layer and a flexible-deformable second layer, 6) restricts
- Figure 1 is an exaggerated schematic view of portions of the electrically conductive tab of one example of biomedical electrode for use with the connector of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a top view of a first embodiment of connector according to the present invention illustrating a portion of a leadwire
- Figure 3 is a reduced sectional view of the connector of Figure 2 taken approximately along lines 3-3 of Figure 2, but which illustrates an unsectioned spring, and which illustrates fixed and movable jaws in a closed position;
- Figure 4 is a reduced sectional view similar to Figure 3 except that Figure 4 illustrates an electrically conductive tab of a biomedical electrode clamped between the fixed and movable jaws;
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of the connector of Figure 2 illustrating an electrically conductive tab of a biomedical electrode clamped between the fixed and movable jaws;
- Figure 6 is an enlarged front end view of the connector of Figure 2 illustrating fixed and movable jaws in a closed position
- Figure 7 is a partial cross section view of a distal end of fixed and movable jaws of a second embodiment of connector according to the present invention
- Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of the test equipment used to conduct tab release and actuation force tests according to the present invention.
- Figure 9 is a perspective view of a fixed jaw suitable for use in an alternate embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 10 is a perspective view of a movable jaw suitable for use in conjunction with the fixed jaw of Figure 9;
- Figure 11 is a cross-section side detail view of an intermediate stage in an assembly of the jaws of Figures 9 and 10;
- Figure 12 is a cross-section top detail view of the intermediate stage in the assembly depicted in Figure ii;
- Figure 13 is a cross-section side detail view when the assembly depicted in Figure 11 is completed;
- Figure 14 is a cross-section top detail view of the completed assembly depicted in Figure 13; and Figure 15 is a cross-section view of an entire connector prepared from the jaws of Figures 9 and 10.
- FIGS 2 through 6 of the drawing show a first embodiment of connector according to the present invention generally designated by the reference character 10.
- the connector 10 is adapted for use with a biomedical electrode having an electrically conductive contacting tab.
- biomedical electrodes examples include U.S. Patent No.'s 4,543,958 to Cartmel, 4,798,208 to Faasse, Jr., 5,012,810 to Strand et al., 5,078,138 to Strand et al. , 5,078,139 to Strand et al., 5,133,355 to Strand et al.; 5,133,356 to Bryan et al. , and 5,215,087 to Anderson.
- the connector 10 may be used with biomedical electrodes having widely varying thicknesses of electrically conductive tabs.
- the connector 10 is particularly suitable for use with a biomedical electrode 14 having a firm, but flexible layer and a deformable layer.
- the biomedical electrode may' comprise the electrode described in U.S. Patent No. 5,133,356 to Bryan et al.
- Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a portion of the electrically conductive contacting tab of a biomedical electrode 14 having a firm, but flexible layer 11 and a deformable layer 12.
- the material used to construct the firm, flexible layer 11 preferably is constructed from a material that resists substantial permanent plastic deformation under forces exerted by the jaws of a connector, and is compatible with known processes for vapor coating silver. Such processes are used to coat a silver/silver chloride conductive coating 15 onto the layer 11.
- Suitable materials for the layer 11 include, but are not limited to Scotchpar brand 3 mil PET film. commercially available from the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. (3M) of St. Paul, Minnesota, a polyester film commercially available as "Melinex" 505- 300, 329 or 339 film from ICI Americas of Hopewell, VA (coated with a silver/silver chloride ink commercially available as "R-300” ink from Ercon, Inc. of Waltham, MA.), or a web of polyester/cellulose fibers commercially available as "Manniweb” web from Lydall, Inc. of Troy, NY (having a carbon ink commercially available as "SS24636” ink from Acheson Colloids Company of Port Huron, MI) .
- the material used to construct layer 11 is a 3 mil (0.075 mm) thick strip of polyethylene terephthalate film.
- the properties of the film included a tensile strength of about 28,000 psi in a machine direction, approximately 35,000 psi in the transverse direction, both as measured according to ASTM D882A.
- the coefficient of dynamic friction of this film is about 0.5 as measured by ASTM D1894.
- the commercial source of this film is ICI Films of Wilmington, DE, branded as "Melinex" 505.
- the deformable layer 12 should be substantially softer than the layer 11 so that the layer 12 deforms in response to being clamped by the jaws of the connector 10.
- the deformable layer 12 enhances mechanical contact between the connector 10 and the electrode 14.
- the layer 12 is adhered to the layer 11 by a layer of adhesive 16 such as a conventional acrylate adhesive.
- the adhesive may comprise a layer of 95.5%/4.5% isooctyl acrylate/acrylic acid copolymer adhesive, coated to a weight of 920 mg/200 cm 2 of backing area.
- any suitable adhesive may be utilized so long as the adhesive resists shear between the layers 11 and 12 and is compatible with the materials used to construct the layers 11 and 12.
- Suitable materials for the layer 12 include, but are not limited to, a low density polyethylene such as NA 964-226, commercially available from Quantum Chemical of Rolling Meadows, Illinois.
- This material may be extruded into a film with a thickness between about 0.002 to about 0.007 inches (0.005 to 0.013 cm), and preferably has a hardness of about 48 on the Shore D scale when measured according to ASTM Standard D2240, and in selecting alternative materials, those having a hardness between about 45 to 55 Shore D are believed to be particularly suitable.
- the commercial source of the layer 12 and adhesive 16 tape is Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing (3M) Company, of St. Paul, MN, branded as "Blenderm” tape.
- the connector 10 comprises fixed 20 and movable 21 jaws, and a pivotal mounting means for mounting the movable jaw 21 for pivotal movement relative to the fixed jaw 20 between a tab accept position with the fixed jaw 20 spaced from the movable jaw 21 so that the tab of the biomedical electrode (e.g. 14) may be received between the jaws 20 and 21, and a closed position ( Figure 3) with fixed 20 and movable 21 jaws spaced more closely than in the tab accept position.
- a tab accept position with the fixed jaw 20 spaced from the movable jaw 21 so that the tab of the biomedical electrode (e.g. 14) may be received between the jaws 20 and 21, and a closed position ( Figure 3) with fixed 20 and movable 21 jaws spaced more closely than in the tab accept position.
- the movable jaw 21 comprises proximal and distal ends, a top surface 24 and a bottom surface 25.
- the fixed jaw 20 comprises a bottom surface 27, proximal and distal end portions terminating in proximal and distal ends with the proximal end portion having a top surface 26.
- the connector is adapted to be connected to a leadwire L having an outside diameter.
- the connector 10 is elongate and has a longitudinal axis along its length (preferably about 1.5 inches) .
- the connector 10 has an overall height (preferably about 0.38 inches, but should be less than about 1.5 inches and more preferably less than about 0.5 inches) presenting a low profile connector and an overall width (preferably about 0.54 inches).
- the overall width is preferably at least 1.1 times greater than the overall height of the connector. Providing a connector with an overall width that is greater than its height is believed to provide a connector with resists rolling about its longitudinal axis.
- the connector 10 may optionally include various features which conform the connector's operative surfaces to the general shape of a user's hand.
- the bottom surface 27 of the fixed jaw 20 comprises an arcuate portion for conforming to the shape of a user's digits.
- the arcuate portion may be arcuate about an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the connector 10 and may have a radius of curvature of about 1.00 inches.
- the vertical distance from the top of surface 27 in Figure 3 to its bottom is preferably about 0.06 inches.
- the manually engagable actuation surface 32 may optionally include a locating means for assisting users in placing their digits in the desired position on the movable jaw 21.
- the locating means may comprise a rib, detent, depression, groove or slot in the desired position on the top surface 24 of the movable jaw 21.
- the pivotal mounting means comprises a recess portion 18 recessed from the top surface 26 of the fixed jaw 20, and a pin 19 situated between the proximal and distal ends of the movable jaw 21 so that the movable jaw 21 can pivot about the axis of the pin 19.
- the pin 19 may be integrally molded with the movable jaw 21 so that the pin and movable jaw form one, monolithic piece.
- the pin may comprise a metal pin adapted to be received in a slot in the movable jaw and fixed jaw.
- the pin 19 is adapted to be received in a pivot groove in the fixed jaw 20 so that the movable jaw 21 can pivot about the axis of the pin 19 when a user manually presses on actuation surface 32.
- the pin 19 is situated to allow the tab of the electrode to be situated directly between the pin 19 and the fixed jaw 20.
- the tab of the electrode is situated "directly between” the pin 19 and the fixed jaw 20, it is meant that, in Figure 4, if a line is drawn vertically through the pin 19 and jaw 20, it would intersect a portion of the electrode's tab.
- This feature of the present invention affords the use of the connector 10 for a variety of sizes of tabs and also affords full insertion of the tab into the connector. In the closed position ( Figure 3), the distance
- the distance D between the top surface 26 of the fixed jaw 20 and the bottom surface 25 of the movable jaw 21 at the proximal end of the movable jaw 21 is less than the outside diameter of the leadwire L.
- the distance D may be approximately 0.06 inches.
- the cam surface C is situated at an acute angle (alpha) relative to the top surface 26 of the fixed jaw 20.
- the connector 10 also includes a biasing means such as a coil spring 23 for biasing the movable jaw 21 toward the closed position.
- a biasing means such as a coil spring 23 for biasing the movable jaw 21 toward the closed position.
- the biasing means is shown as a coil spring, it should be noted that the biasing means may comprise any suitable biasing means such as, but not limited to a leaf spring, a leaf spring integrally molded into the fixed jaw, an elastomeric structure (e.g. an egg shaped elastomer between the fixed and movable jaws) , or a torsion spring so long as the movable jaw is biased toward the closed position.
- the coil spring may be constructed from any suitable material such as a plastic or metal.
- the coil spring may be constructed from a substantially X-ray translucent material such as, Hytrel 5556 or Hytrel 7246 polyester elastomers generally available from DuPont of Delaware.
- the fixed jaw 20 has a smooth, continuous tab engagement surface 28; and the movable jaw 29 has a tooth portion 30 with a tab engagement surface 31, and a manually engagable actuation surface 32.
- the position of the tooth portion and the smooth, continuous tab engagement surface may be reversed, that is, the movable jaw may have a smooth, continuous tab engagement surface and the fixed jaw may have the tooth portion.
- Both the movable jaw 21 and the fixed jaw 20 have a smooth lead-in surface 29.
- the lead- in surfaces 29 are continuous, generally planar surfaces and form an angle therebetween of about 40 degrees.
- a surface is “smooth” surface (e.g. the tab engagement or lead-in surfaces)
- the particularly referenced surface is free of any rough surfaces such as teeth, cylindrically shaped terminal portions, abutment surfaces, labyrinth-like or tortuous paths, or otherwise rough surface that may substantially deform, bend or deflect an electrode contacting tab during insertion of the tab into the jaws of the connector.
- a “smooth" tab engagement surface or lead-in surface is preferably a generally planar surface, but may comprise a slightly arcuate surface so long as the surface does not present a structure that is likely to bend, deform or otherwise deflect the electrode tab upon its insertion between the jaws of the connector.
- a surface is a "continuous" surface (e.g. a tab engagement surface)
- the particularly referenced tab engagement surface is free of any discontinuities such as a hole, depression, groove, slot, slit or other discontinuous surfaces which tend to substantially deflect the conductive tab of the electrode when it is clamped between the jaws of the connector.
- Such deflection may mar, puncture or otherwise damage the conductive surface of the electrically conductive contacting tab of the biomedical electrode that may potentially result in a loss of continuity or may otherwise adversely affect the electrical properties of the biomedical electrode.
- the discontinuity may also substantially deform, bend or deflect an electrode contacting tab during insertion of the tab into the jaws of the connector with the attendant disadvantages described above.
- the fixed and movable jaws 20 and 21 comprise distal end portions having generally arcuate surfaces terminating in distal ends.
- the arcuate surfaces present blunt surfaces to a patient which reduces the chances that the connector will cause discomfort for the patient.
- the distal end of the movable jaw 21 is spaced proximally from the distal end of the fixed jaw 20.
- the connector 10 also includes several features which further assist a user in placing the tab of the electrode between the fixed and movable jaws 20 and 21.
- the fixed jaw 20 is wider than the movable jaw 21.
- the distal end portion of the fixed jaw 20 encompasses the distal end portion of the movable jaw 21.
- a user can determine when a tab is placed between the movable and fixed jaws 20 and 21 as, when a tab is placed between the movable and fixed jaws, a portion of the fixed jaw 20 will no longer be seen as the tab will block a user's view.
- the connector 10 facilitates insertion of the tab between the jaws.
- the movable jaw 21 may have a hole 103 (seen in Figure 2) in its distal end portion for viewing the relative position of the tab of the electrode and the jaws of the connector.
- the tooth portion 30 preferably comprises a pair of teeth 33 as best seen in Figure 6.
- the teeth 33 have a groove 34 therebetween, and each of the teeth 33 have a tab engagement surface 31.
- the groove 34 is believed to be particularly desirable when the connector 10 is used with a tab having a deformable layer 12 (e.g. a tab similar to the tab shown in Figure 1) . It is believed that some of the material 12 may enter the groove 34 and enhance the holding properties of the connector 10.
- Each of the teeth 33 have a rear ridge surface 39.
- the rear ridge surfaces 39 are preferably situated generally perpendicular relative to a horizontal line with reference to Figure 3.
- a perpendicular rear ridge surface tends to beneficially grasp the electrode tab, particularly when the electrode tab has a deformable layer such as the layer 12 shown in Figure' 1.
- the ridge surfaces 39 should be inclined at an angle of between more than about 60 degrees and less than about 120 degrees relative to a horizontal line with reference to Figure 3. If the angle is less than 60 degrees, the ridge surface 39 tends to act as a camming surface to open the jaws when an electrode 14 with a flexible layer (e.g. 12) is pulled longitudinally from the jaws of the connector, clearly an undesirable result.
- the connector 10 has electrically conductive plates or plastic inserts 41 and 42 which place the distal end portion of the fixed jaw 20 in electrical contact with the leadwire L.
- the conductive plates 41 and 42 may be injection molded of a conductive material such as, a 40 percent (%) carbon fiber reinforced Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene material, sold under the name RTP 687 generally available from RTP Co. of Winona Minnesota (which is also a substantially X-ray translucent material) .
- RTP 687 generally available from RTP Co. of Winona Minnesota (which is also a substantially X-ray translucent material) .
- the conductive plates 41 and 42 preferably comprise a single, monolithic conductive plate constructed from the same material.
- the distal end of the fixed jaw 20 has a lip portion which helps retain the plates 41 and 42 in the fixed jaw 20. Gripping tabs 45 may be molded into fixed jaw 20 for the purpose of gripping the leadwire L.
- the movable jaw 21 and portions of the fixed jaw 20 are constructed from a material which need not be an electrically conductive material (as long as the fixed jaw also includes conductive plastic inserts) . Suitable materials includes plastics, metals and polymers.
- the movable jaw 21 and portions of the fixed jaw 20 are constructed from Delrin material generally available from DuPont
- the movable jaw may be constructed from an electrically conductive material such as the material used to construct conductive plastic inserts 41 and 42.
- the spring 23 may be constructed from an electrically conductive material.
- FIG. 8 of the drawings there is shown a second embodiment of connector according to the present invention generally designated by reference character 100.
- the connector 100 includes many features that are generally identical to the connector 10 and which have been given the same reference character to which the suffix "A" has been added.
- the fixed jaw 20A, and more particularly the conductive plate 41A has a recess 101 adapted to receive the ridge of the tooth portion.
- the connector 100 is believed to exhibit a higher tab release force than the connector 10.
- a connector of the type described with reference to Figures 2 through 6 was made as follows.
- the axis of the spring 23 was situated approximately 0.31 inches from the axis of the pin 19.
- the distance between the axis of the pin 19 and teeth 33 was approximately 0.22 inches.
- the total surface area of the tab engagement surfaces of the teeth was approximately 0.016 square inches.
- Connector A The above described connector is hereafter referred to as Connector A.
- Connector B comprises an alligator type clip number M306L10 generally available from the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. (3M) of St. Paul, Minnesota (or alternatively Hershman, of Germany) .
- Connector C comprises an Alligator clip number J5 generally available from the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. (3M) of St. Paul, Minnesota (or alternatively Hershman, of
- Connector D comprises an alligator type clip number S106L10 generally available from the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. (3M) of St. Paul, Minnesota or model No. 6A2A1A21 generally available from Tronomed, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Website, Inc. of Santa Hills, California.
- Connector E comprises a clip similar to the clip shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,797,125 believed to have been generally available from Tronomed, Inc. of Website.
- Connector F comprises a DURALINCTM clip number 2B2A1A21 generally available from Tronomed, Inc. of Website.
- Connector G comprises an Astro-TraceTM clip believed generally available from LeBlanc.
- Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of test equipment used to record actuation force measurements for the various connectors.
- the test equipment included a base 1, a digital force gauge 2 with jig 3, probe 4 and readout 5.
- a connector to be measured was placed on the base 1 with a double sided adhesive tape A (optionally a clamp may be used) so that the movable jaw M of the connector was accessible.
- the movable jaw of the connector was then depressed using a digital force gauge 2, held in jig 3 allowing precision movement.
- a digital force gauge 2 held in jig 3 allowing precision movement.
- the Model DFI-50 digital force gauge commercially available from Chatillon, was used.
- the probe 4 of the force gauge was manually situated so that it was centered against the uppermost point of the normal finger position for opening the connector in the manner shown schematically in Figure 8, and additional force was applied in a direction generally normal to the base 1. The force required to open the connector to its widest normal position was noted on readout 5.
- the widest normal position is defined herein as the position wherein (1) the distal ends of the fixed and movable jaws are at their maximum separation due to interference of the spring itself, or (2) the distal ends of the fixed and movable jaws are at their maximum separation due to physical interference between portions of the fixed and movable jaws, or (3) the distal ends of the fixed and movable jaws are at their maximum separation due to other factors. It is believed that ideally, the actuation force of the present invention should be at most about 9 pounds to facilitate easy opening of the jaws of the connector to its widest normal position.
- actuation force is above about 9 pounds, some users may have difficulty in using the connector, particularly those users who suffer from an ailment such as arthritis which adversely affect's their ability to squeeze an object.
- Table 1 illustrates a the results of actuation force tests run on the various connectors described above.
- test strip was created by providing a 3 mil
- an adhesive tape composed of a backing of low density polyethylene film having a hardness of 48 on the Shore D scale according to ASTM 2240.
- the adhesive was a layer of 95.5%/4.5% isooctyl acrylate/acrylic acid copolymer adhesive, coated to a weight of 920 mg/200 cm 2 of backing area.
- the total thickness of the finished tape was 0.005 inches (0.12 mm)
- the commercial source of this tape was the 3M Company, of St. Paul, MN, branded as Blenderm tape.
- the total thickness of the finished test strip was 0.008 inches.
- a connector to be tested was used to grasp the test strip along the width axis, and was then clamped in the fixed jaw of an Instron force testing machine. The other end of the test strip was them clamped in the moving jaw of the machine, and the speed of the moving jaw was set to 30.1 cm/minute. The peak force measured before the strip was pulled free of the connector during tensile loading was measured.
- the tab release force of the present invention should be at least about 2 pounds.
- a tab release force of about 2 pounds is believed to be suitable for a wide variety of uses of the connector 10. If the tab release force is below about 2 pounds, then it is believed that the tab of the electrode may be easily dislodged from the connector, clearly a disadvantageous result.
- Table 1 illustrates the results of tab release force tests run on the various connectors described above.
- FIG. 9 a perspective view of a fixed jaw 2OB suitable for use in an alternate, easily assembled, embodiment of a connector according to the present invention is shown.
- Figure 10 a perspective view of a movable jaw 2IB for use with the fixed jaw 2OB is shown.
- the connector is generally designated by reference character 10B in Figures 11-15.
- the connector 10B includes many features that are generally identical to the connector 10 and which have been given the same reference character to which the suffix "B" has been added.
- the connector 10B comprises a fixed jaw 20B and a movable jaw 2IB. Like the previously described embodiments, the fixed 20B and movable 2IB jaws have tab engagement surfaces for engaging the contacting tab of the biomedical electrode.
- the fixed jaw 20B comprises a bottom surface 27, proximal and distal end portions terminating in proximal and distal ends with the proximal end portion having a top surface 26. At the proximal end of the fixed jaw 20B, the connector 10B is adapted to be connected to a leadwire having an outside diameter L.
- the movable jaw 2IB comprises proximal and distal ends, a top surface 24 and a bottom surface 25.
- indicia 115 may appear on top surface 24 to indicate the location of placement on the body on the electrode to which the connector 10B is attached.
- Pins 19B and locking or securing ribs 116 are provided.
- the securing ribs 116 will have a chamfered lead-in surface 118.
- the pins 19B and the securing ribs 116 may be integrally molded with the movable jaw 2IB so that the pin and movable jaw form one, monolithic piece.
- the connector 10B comprises an assembly means for assembling the fixed and movable jaws in an assembled condition, and for mounting the jaws for relative pivotal movement between tab accept and closed positions. Unlike the previously described embodiments, the connector 10B comprises at least one securing rib 116 (preferably two) on one of the fixed 2OB or movable 2IB jaws (preferably the movable jaw 2IB) for retaining the jaws in the assembled condition.
- the distal end of the movable jaw 2IB is spaced from the distal end of the fixed jaw 2OB so that the tab of the biomedical electrode may be received between the jaws 2OB and 2IB.
- the distal ends of the fixed 2OB and movable 2IB jaws are spaced more closely than in the tab accept position.
- the above described assembly means comprises one of the jaws (preferably the movable jaw 2IB) having a pin (preferably a pair of pins 19B) and the other of the jaws (preferably the fixed jaw 20B) having a recess (preferably a pair of recesses 102) for receiving the pin 19B.
- the fixed jaw 20B has a pair of recesses 102 therein.
- the recesses 102 are located on opposite sides of the fixed jaw 20B and face each other.
- Each of these recesses 102 has an entry portion 104, and a locking portion 106.
- the locking portion 106 is conveniently oriented at approximately 90° to the entry portion 104.
- the surfaces defining the locking portions 106 of the recesses 102 are adapted to abut the securing ribs 116 to resist disassembly of the movable 2IB and fixed 20B jaws.
- FIG. 15 a cross-section view of a connector 10B in an assembled condition is depicted. Consistent with the previously identified embodiments, the connector 10B has a biasing means such as a coil spring 23 for biasing the jaws toward the closed position.
- a biasing means such as a coil spring 23 for biasing the jaws toward the closed position.
- Figure 15 illustrates that the height of the connector defines a connector height axis H when the jaws 2OB and 2IB are in the assembled condition.
- the particular sizes and relationships between the connector's height, width and length discussed above with respect to the various other embodiments apply to this embodiment as well.
- the entry portions 104 have surfaces defining pivot recesses 108 for closely receiving the pins 19B of the movable jaw 2IB to afford the relative pivotal movement between the jaws.
- the pivot recesses 108 have seating surfaces 109 that resist movement of the pins 19B in the downward direction (see Figure 15) of the connector height axis H when the pins 19B are received in the pivot recess 108.
- This feature is particularly advantageous as, in some circumstances, when users press on the proximal top surface 32 of the movable jaw 2IB to open the connector 10B, they may generate a force that has the potential of disassembling the movable jaws.
- the fixed jaw 20B has a longitudinal axis F
- the movable jaw 2IB also has a longitudinal axis M.
- the axes M and F are actually substantially parallel, but are shown in Figure 12 as offset for purposes of illustration of these elements.
- the ribs 116 define a rib width measured in a direction S (see Figure 12) which is generally transverse to both the longitudinal axis M of said movable jaw and the connector height axis H. Referring to Figure 12, the rib width is measured between the rib 116 shown in Figure 12 and the opposite rib 116 (not shown in Figure 12 but shown in Figure 10) along the direction S.
- the fixed jaw 2OB has a pair of ramps 110 separating the entry 104 and locking 106 portions of the recesses 102.
- the ramps 110 have proximal 112 and distal 114 ends.
- the ramps 110 define a ramp width measured in a direction R which is generally transverse to both the longitudinal axis F of the fixed jaw 20B and the connector height H.
- the ramp width is measured between the ramp 110 shown in Figure 12 and the opposite ramp.
- the ramp width varies along at least a portion of the longitudinal axis F of the fixed jaw 20B and defines a minimum ramp width.
- the ramp width decreases proceeding from its distal 112 to its proximal 114 end.
- the minimum ramp width is found between the proximal ends 114 of the ramps 110.
- the rib width is made greater than the minimum ramp width.
- the materials used to construct the ribs 116 and the ramps 110 should be flexible enough to afford passage of the ribs 116 from the distal side of the ramp 110 to its proximal side, yet resilient enough to avoid permanent deformation as the ribs 116 engage the proximal side of the ramp 110. Any of the materials noted above are believed to be suitable for use to construct the ramps 110 and ribs 116.
- a preferred material includes Minion which is a mineral filled Nylon 66, generally available from Dupont.
- Minion is a mineral filled Nylon 66, generally available from Dupont.
- the interference fit should be between about 0.017 inches and 0.037 inches, and more preferably the interference should be about 0.027 inches.
- the desired interference is affected by the material of the ramps 110 and pins 19B.
- the ramps 110 have a locking shoulder 120 at their proximal ends 114.
- the locking shoulders 120 are preferably arcuate surfaces.
- the connector 10B is assembled by inserting the securing ribs 116 and pins 19B into the entry portions 104 of their respective recesses 102, then pushing the securing ribs 116 axially (M) through a press-fit with the ramps 110 so that the securing ribs 116 become positioned within the locking portion 106 of the recess 102 leaving the securing ribs 116 trapped within the locking portions 106 by the locking shoulders 120.
- the pins 19B become seated in the seating surfaces 109.
- the ribs 116 in order for this to happen, the ribs 116 must be pushed through a press fit with the proximal end or ramps 110.
- the chamfered lead-in surfaces 118 facilitate the pushing of the securing ribs 116 through the press-fit.
- the pins 19B are settled into pivot sections 108, and held there by the interaction between the securing ribs 116 and the proximal end 114 of the ramp 110 (locking shoulder 120) .
- the proximal end 114 shades into locking shoulder 120 which helps define locking portion 106.
- the locking portions 106 are bounded by the locking shoulders 120.
- the locking portion 120 is curved or arcuate to remain adjacent to the arc described by the ribs 116 as they move with movable jaw 2IB in pivotal motion around the axis provided by pins 19B against pivot sections 108.
- the securing ribs 116 are free to move within the locking portions 106 so that the pins 19B are held closely adjacent the pivot recess 108 throughout a range of pivotal motion of the movable jaw 2IB with respect to the fixed jaw 2OB around the axis of the pins 19B.
- FIGs 11 and 12 cross- section detail views of an intermediate stage in the assembly of the jaws of connector 10B are shown.
- the outline of portions of the movable jaw 2IB except for pin 19B and securing rib 116 is rendered in phantom.
- securing rib 116 has been inserted into entry portion 104, and is now press-fit against the proximal end of ramp 110. Trailing the securing rib 116 into the recess 102, the pin 19B is seen just at the entrance of the entry portion 104.
- the utility of chamfered end 118 in helping locking tab 116 begin its press-fit passage across ramp 110 starting a distal end 112 can be more readily appreciated.
- FIG. 13 cross- section detail views of the final stage after the assembly of the jaws of connector 10B depicted in Figures 11 and 12 has been completed are shown.
- pin 19B is received or seated against pivot recess 108 to facilitate pivotal movement of movable jaw 2IB relative to fixed jaw 20B.
- securing rib 116 moves in the direction of arrow 122. Constrained by proximal end 114 and locking shoulder 120, the securing rib 116 has the necessary freedom to move while still holding movable jaw 2IB in the assembled condition.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP94916796A EP0741542B1 (en) | 1994-02-03 | 1994-05-17 | Electrode connector |
DE69414607T DE69414607T2 (en) | 1994-02-03 | 1994-05-17 | ELECTRODE CONNECTOR |
JP51581995A JP3483566B2 (en) | 1994-02-03 | 1994-05-17 | Electrode connector |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/190,996 US5454739A (en) | 1992-12-15 | 1994-02-03 | Electrode connector |
US08/190,996 | 1994-02-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995020908A1 true WO1995020908A1 (en) | 1995-08-10 |
Family
ID=22703683
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1994/005513 WO1995020908A1 (en) | 1994-02-03 | 1994-05-17 | Electrode connector |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5454739A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0741542B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3483566B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1142751A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69414607T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995020908A1 (en) |
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- 1994-05-17 CN CN94194938A patent/CN1142751A/en active Pending
- 1994-05-17 JP JP51581995A patent/JP3483566B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-17 WO PCT/US1994/005513 patent/WO1995020908A1/en active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69414607T2 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
EP0741542A1 (en) | 1996-11-13 |
CN1142751A (en) | 1997-02-12 |
EP0741542B1 (en) | 1998-11-11 |
JPH09507769A (en) | 1997-08-12 |
JP3483566B2 (en) | 2004-01-06 |
US5454739A (en) | 1995-10-03 |
DE69414607D1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
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