WO1995003213A1 - Operating aircraft - Google Patents
Operating aircraft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995003213A1 WO1995003213A1 PCT/GB1994/001577 GB9401577W WO9503213A1 WO 1995003213 A1 WO1995003213 A1 WO 1995003213A1 GB 9401577 W GB9401577 W GB 9401577W WO 9503213 A1 WO9503213 A1 WO 9503213A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aircraft
- fly
- take
- operating
- parallel
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/0004—Transmission of traffic-related information to or from an aircraft
- G08G5/0008—Transmission of traffic-related information to or from an aircraft with other aircraft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C37/00—Convertible aircraft
- B64C37/02—Flying units formed by separate aircraft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/91—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/0047—Navigation or guidance aids for a single aircraft
- G08G5/0065—Navigation or guidance aids for a single aircraft for taking-off
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/02—Automatic approach or landing aids, i.e. systems in which flight data of incoming planes are processed to provide landing data
- G08G5/025—Navigation or guidance aids
Definitions
- This invention relates to operating aircraft.
- the number of passengers carried to and from any one airport is a matter of the seating capacity of the aircraft used and the frequency of flights.
- the flight frequency is at or near the capacity of air traffic control (ATC) operations, and so larger aircraft are being designed as the only means of coping with the demand.
- ATC air traffic control
- the present invention provides an alternative solution to the problem of growing traffic volume, while avoiding at least the major snags and, hurt, at relatively moderate cost.
- the invention comprises a method for operating aircraft, in which two aircraft are controlled by a common control arrangement to fly parallel courses within a common ATC slot.
- the aircraft may take off and/or land on parallel runways, and may take off and/or land simultaneously.
- the aircraft may fly together to pick up parallel automatic landing system guidance beams and then land under independent on-board control using such beams.
- One aircraft may slave to the other, and may do so during take off, climb, cruise and/or descent.
- the aircraft may have a relative position-error feedback spacing arrangement.
- the aircraft may have an absolute position control system, which may be determined by satellite reference and/or by inertial guidance systems such for example as ring-laser gyroscope systems.
- the aircraft may fly the same course together from and to parallel runways, and may be, after take off and before landing, more widely spaced apart than the runway separations or fly in close formation to take advantage of vortex air currents.
- the aircraft may take off together then fly to different destinations, or may converge from different originating airfields to land together - landing aircraft may fly together in a landing stack.
- the invention also comprises equipment for operating aircraft adapted to control two aircraft to fly a parallel course within a common ATC slot.
- the equipment may comprise transmitter means adapted for a master aircraft and receiver means adapted for a slave aircraft, said transmitter means transmitting control signals to be received by said receiver means.
- Said transmitter means may be of such short range or otherwise adapted (as for example by unique "handshake" codes) to transmit signals receivable by said slave aircraft alone (or said slave aircraft and another or other slave aircraft in the event three or more aircraft are flown in a single slot) and not to be received by any other aircraft in the vicinity.
- the equipment may comprise transmitter/receiver or transponder means for each aircraft, which may be capable of
- the equipment may include suitable interfacing arrangements to allow the collision avoidance system to acknowledge the presence of the other aircraft but issue no warning or initiate no evasive action in regard to it.
- the equipment might even be incorporated into such a collision avoidance system (or such system incorporated into the equipment).
- the collision avoidance system would in any event be required to calculate collision avoidance procedures on the basis of two (or more) aircraft flying in formation, possibly avoiding a collision with two (or more) other aircraft also flying in formation.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of two aircraft taking off on adjacent, parallel runways
- Figure 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of a flight path for two aircraft
- Figure 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of a flight path scheme involving three aircraft.
- FIG. 1 illustrates methods for operating aircraft 11 ( Figure 1) in which two aircraft 11 are controlled by a common control arrangement 12 to fly parallel courses within a common ATC slot.
- Figure 1 illustrates two aircraft 11 taking off simultaneously from adjacent runways 13.
- the runways will be separated by a some 150 metres, but this may not always be possible, and it may be necessary instead to contemplate a single, perhaps a wide, runway on which the aircraft can take off in formation - in echelon, say, as is often done with military aircraft.
- the aircraft 11 may fly together to pick up parallel automatic landing system guidance beams from ALS ground stations 14 ( Figures 2 and 3) - which should be arranged to be capable of resolving the aircraft on simultaneous approach - and then land under independent on-board control using such beams.
- ALS ground stations 14 Figures 2 and 3
- take-off cruise and/or descent one or more aircraft may slave to any other.
- the control arrangement 12 will, for the sake of maximum flexibility, be capable of operating in both master and slave modes - this would mean that aircraft need not be permanently paired, and that control can be passed from one aircraft to the other in flight.
- take-off is effected manually but (for those aircraft suitably equipped) almost everything else from climb to touch-down is automatic, the occasional landing being effected manually for pilot practice.
- the control arrangement 12 can include a relative position-error feedback spacing arrangement, and the nature of that arrangement may depend on the spacing which it is decided should be maintained.
- the spacing could be so small that an optical system could be effective even in cloud.
- Radar and collision avoidance bearing and range measuring systems could be used, but, for reasonable spacings, satellite or inertial (e.g. ring laser gyroscope) systems could be used to determine the absolute position of both aircraft, from which relative positioning can be deduced.
- the aircraft can, as illustrated in Figure 2, fly the same course together from and to parallel runways 11R and L of airfield I and 11' R and L of airfield II. It would, of course, be possible to land sequentially on a single runway if that is all the destination airfield boasted, and this would be feasible for flights from a busy field like Heathrow to a less busy airport.
- two aircraft can, as illustrated in Figure 3, take off together from parallel runways 11R and L of airfield I and climb together the cruise height CH then fly separate courses Cl to different airfields II, III.
- the aircraft on course C can be joined for descent and landing by a third aircraft flying course C" from another airfield, not shown.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU71936/94A AU7193694A (en) | 1993-07-24 | 1994-07-21 | Operating aircraft |
EP94921066A EP0710202A1 (en) | 1993-07-24 | 1994-07-21 | Operating aircraft |
JP7505013A JPH09504390A (en) | 1993-07-24 | 1994-07-21 | Aircraft control |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB939315389A GB9315389D0 (en) | 1993-07-24 | 1993-07-24 | Operating aircraft |
GB9315389.8 | 1993-07-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995003213A1 true WO1995003213A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
Family
ID=10739401
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1994/001577 WO1995003213A1 (en) | 1993-07-24 | 1994-07-21 | Operating aircraft |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0710202A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH09504390A (en) |
AU (1) | AU7193694A (en) |
GB (1) | GB9315389D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995003213A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000010064A1 (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2000-02-24 | Dfs Deutsche Flugsicherung Gmbh | Aircraft approach method and instrument landing system for realising this method |
WO2000041154A1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-07-13 | Honeywell Inc. | Tcas display and system for intra-formation control with vertical speed indicator |
US6641082B2 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2003-11-04 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Aircraft ferrying system and method thereof |
WO2004023426A1 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-18 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Surveillance system and method for aircraft approach and landing |
EP1531340A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2005-05-18 | L-3 Communications Corporation | Close/intra-formation positioning collision avoidance system and method |
EP2597034A1 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2013-05-29 | Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH | Counterbalanced control stick system |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2391908A1 (en) * | 1977-05-25 | 1978-12-22 | Wieczorek Julien | Control of pilotless combat aircraft - uses optical fibres to connect combat aircraft to piloted command aircraft |
FR2632755A1 (en) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-12-15 | Thomson Csf | System for assisting the movement of mobile units in a grouped formation |
-
1993
- 1993-07-24 GB GB939315389A patent/GB9315389D0/en active Pending
-
1994
- 1994-07-21 JP JP7505013A patent/JPH09504390A/en active Pending
- 1994-07-21 AU AU71936/94A patent/AU7193694A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-07-21 WO PCT/GB1994/001577 patent/WO1995003213A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-07-21 EP EP94921066A patent/EP0710202A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2391908A1 (en) * | 1977-05-25 | 1978-12-22 | Wieczorek Julien | Control of pilotless combat aircraft - uses optical fibres to connect combat aircraft to piloted command aircraft |
FR2632755A1 (en) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-12-15 | Thomson Csf | System for assisting the movement of mobile units in a grouped formation |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000010064A1 (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2000-02-24 | Dfs Deutsche Flugsicherung Gmbh | Aircraft approach method and instrument landing system for realising this method |
WO2000041154A1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-07-13 | Honeywell Inc. | Tcas display and system for intra-formation control with vertical speed indicator |
US6271768B1 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2001-08-07 | Honeywell Inc. | Vertical speed indicator/traffic resolution advisory display for TCAS |
EP1531340A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2005-05-18 | L-3 Communications Corporation | Close/intra-formation positioning collision avoidance system and method |
US6641082B2 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2003-11-04 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Aircraft ferrying system and method thereof |
WO2004023426A1 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-18 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Surveillance system and method for aircraft approach and landing |
US6809679B2 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2004-10-26 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Surveillance system and method for aircraft approach and landing |
EP2597034A1 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2013-05-29 | Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH | Counterbalanced control stick system |
US9152165B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2015-10-06 | Airbus Helicopters Deutschland GmbH | Counterbalanced control stick system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU7193694A (en) | 1995-02-20 |
EP0710202A1 (en) | 1996-05-08 |
JPH09504390A (en) | 1997-04-28 |
GB9315389D0 (en) | 1993-09-08 |
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