WO1994006221A1 - Position confirmation system of moving body using radio wave - Google Patents

Position confirmation system of moving body using radio wave Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994006221A1
WO1994006221A1 PCT/JP1993/001223 JP9301223W WO9406221A1 WO 1994006221 A1 WO1994006221 A1 WO 1994006221A1 JP 9301223 W JP9301223 W JP 9301223W WO 9406221 A1 WO9406221 A1 WO 9406221A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radio
small
radio wave
pager
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1993/001223
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Susumu Sakuma
Original Assignee
Susumu Sakuma
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP4257283A external-priority patent/JP2544282B2/en
Priority claimed from JP4332367A external-priority patent/JPH06164475A/en
Priority claimed from JP5062827A external-priority patent/JPH06252832A/en
Application filed by Susumu Sakuma filed Critical Susumu Sakuma
Priority to AU49819/93A priority Critical patent/AU4981993A/en
Publication of WO1994006221A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994006221A1/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/04Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

Definitions

  • the present invention uses a radio pager (also called a beaver or a pager), which is a small receiver that calls a specific person by using a telephone line and wireless communication.
  • the present invention relates to a position confirmation system for a moving object using radio waves that detects the position of the mobile object through transmission and reception of radio waves.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and uses a conventional radio pager as it is to quickly detect the position of an object equipped with a small wireless device or a person carrying a small wireless device.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves.
  • a mobile object position confirmation system using a radio wave includes a storage section for removably storing a radio pageer having a calling means including light, a radio wave transmission switch, and a radio communication switch.
  • a small wireless device having a transmitter for transmitting a radio wave of a specific frequency including an identification code by operation;
  • Three or more fixed stations including a radio wave direction detecting means for detecting a transmission direction of a radio wave emitted from the small radio device,
  • Radio waves of specific frequencies including
  • radio waves of a specific frequency including an identification code are transmitted from the portable wireless device,
  • the small size radio wave transmitted by the radio wave direction detecting means of the fixed station is detected, and based on the azimuth information, the position of the small wireless device, the map information around the small wireless device, and the transmission radio wave are based on the signal from the radio pager or the radio wave transmission. O Outputs the radio wave transmission mode that displays whether the switch is activated or not.
  • a predetermined radio pager is mounted on a radio pager storage section of a small-sized radio before being carried by a person or an object.
  • a calling means for example, a flashing signal of a light emitting diode
  • the small radio sets the radio pager to a calling means by light of the radio pager. Operates in response to transmitting radio waves.
  • the conventional radio pager is used as it is, the function of the radio pager is natural, and there is no need to use a new radio wave for transmitting the calling signal. Promoted.
  • this small radio is provided with a radio pager storage section, and the radio pager and the transmission section of the small radio are linked, so that the radio operator can be used without disassembly or modification. it can.
  • the radio when the small radio is carried by a person, the radio is transmitted by operating the provided radio transmission switch, for example, when a robber is attacked. I can inform you of an emergency.
  • Radio waves transmitted from the small radio are received by three or more fixed stations having radio direction detection means, the direction of the small radio is detected, and the direction information is notified to the computer of the central station.
  • the position of the small radio device is searched from the azimuth information and the position of each fixed station, and is output together with the surrounding map information and the radio wave transmission mode.
  • this small radio It is possible to judge whether the radio wave transmitted from the radio pager or the radio transmission switch is used.For example, in the case of pressing the radio transmission switch in an emergency, the transmitting position of the central office together with the map information is described by the central office. Because it is displayed, quick rescue can be performed.
  • the small radio is provided with a receiving unit for receiving a radio signal of the same frequency from another small radio, and when the receiving unit receives a radio signal from the other small radio, the small radio is transmitted.
  • the transmission of the radio signal of the same frequency of the radio is stopped, and the radio signal of the same frequency can be transmitted from the small radio only when the receiving unit is not receiving the radio signal from the other small radio.
  • radio waves are not simultaneously emitted from a plurality of small wireless devices within the same reception range. Therefore, the radio signals of a plurality of radios including the small radio using the same frequency do not interfere with each other, and the transmission directions of the radio waves can be accurately detected by the three or more fixed stations. The position can be detected.
  • the radio wave direction detecting means may be a scanning antenna which switches a large number of elements at high speed by electronic contacts. This makes it possible to detect the transmission position in a shorter time as compared with a normal directional antenna provided with a rotatable built-in motor.
  • the search vehicle After detecting the position of the small wireless device by the computer, the search vehicle further includes a compass using geomagnetism, a fixed type radio wave direction measuring unit, and a wireless communication unit with the central station.
  • a compass using geomagnetism a fixed type radio wave direction measuring unit
  • a wireless communication unit with the central station.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a portable wireless device used in the mobile object position confirmation system.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart
  • FIG. 6 is an operation flow chart of a computer of a central office constituting the mobile object position confirmation system
  • FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing connection states of devices around a fixed station and a central station of the system
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a portable wireless device used in the system
  • FIG. 10 is the same block diagram
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a device mounted on a search vehicle
  • a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves includes a portable radio device 10 as an example of a small radio device, and a portable radio device.
  • a radio pager 11 attached to 10 three or more fixed stations 12 to 14 receiving radio waves of the portable radio 10, and connected to the fixed stations 12 to 14 via a wired line.
  • Central Office 15 hereinafter, these will be described in detail.
  • the portable wireless device 10 includes a transmitting unit 18 and a receiving unit 19 connected to a non-directional antenna 16 projecting to the outside via a switching switch 17. , Which controls the transmission unit 18 and the reception unit 19 It comprises an outlet computer (CPU) 20, lamps and switches connected to the microcomputer 20, a power supply 21, and a case 22 for accommodating them.
  • a transmitting unit 18 and a receiving unit 19 connected to a non-directional antenna 16 projecting to the outside via a switching switch 17.
  • It which controls the transmission unit 18 and the reception unit 19 It comprises an outlet computer (CPU) 20, lamps and switches connected to the microcomputer 20, a power supply 21, and a case 22 for accommodating them.
  • CPU outlet computer
  • the transmitting section 18 is composed of an FM transmitter, modulates an identification code written in the ROM 23 in advance by the control signal modulating section 24 according to an instruction of the microcomputer 20, and transmits a predetermined time (normally) from the antenna 16. (1 to 5 minutes).
  • the receiving section 19 is composed of an FM receiver that receives the same frequency as the transmission frequency of the transmitting section 18.
  • the receiving section 19 has an electric field intensity measuring section 25 that measures the electric field intensity. And the level (digitally converted) of the received signal is transmitted to the microcomputer 20.
  • the microcomputer 20 is connected to an operation lamp 26 and a warning lamp 27, each of which includes a light emitting diode that operates at a specific step of the microcomputer 20, and an interface (not shown).
  • An emergency button 28 which is an example of a radio wave transmission switch, is connected via the switch.
  • the microcomputer 20 includes a RAM 29 for temporarily storing necessary information, a photoelectric element 30 for receiving an optical signal from the radio pager 11, and a signal conversion unit 31 connected to the photoelectric element 30. It is connected.
  • the fixed stations 12 to 14 include a directional antenna 32 driven by rotation and an omnidirectional antenna 3, and the radio signal of the portable radio 10 can be received by the omnidirectional antenna 33 and the directional antenna 32, and is included in the signal by a receiver (not shown).
  • the identification code and the signal strength can be analyzed. Therefore, the fixed stations 12 to 14 receive the signal from the portable wireless device 10 and analyze the identification code and the reception sensitivity thereof, and the identification code is correct and the reception sensitivity is equal to or higher than a certain value.
  • the directional antenna 32 composed of the Yagi antenna of the stack is immediately rotated, and the propagation direction of the electric wave is searched from the direction of the maximum receiving sensitivity. Then, the maximum receiving sensitivity direction of the radio wave, which is determined by the one-way encoder provided under each directional antenna, is AD-converted and transmitted to the central office 15 through a wired line. Has become.
  • Reference numeral 34 denotes an interface that connects a computer or signal transmission device (not shown) of each of the fixed stations 12 to 15 and the computer 35 of the central station 15.
  • the computer 35 has a communication function so that the output information can be converted into characters and the information can be sent from the fax 36 to another fax 37.
  • Reference numeral 38 denotes a radio station, which emits a radio wave including an identification code by turning a specific telephone number from the telephone 39, and emits light and / or a light emitting diode and / or a calling means of the radio pager 111. The bell is activated.
  • the portable wireless device 10 is operated by a program described in the ROM 23, and the operation will be described with reference to FIG. First, it is confirmed that the emergency button 28 has not been pressed (step 200), and it is determined whether or not there is a signal from the radio pager 111 (step 201). When there is a signal from the radio pager 11, the transmission / reception antenna is switched to the reception direction (step 202), the operation lamp 26 is turned on, and the reception unit 19 is operated (step 2). 03), and measure the electric field strength of the received radio wave (step 204).
  • the antenna After confirming that the measured electric field strength is equal to or less than a predetermined value (step 205), the antenna is switched to the transmission direction (step 206), and the transmission unit 18 is activated to include a predetermined identification code.
  • the radio wave is transmitted for a certain period of time (Step 207), and after this, the entire circuit is reset (Step 207) ⁇
  • the electric field strength is not equal to or less than the predetermined value in step 205, it means that another portable radio is being used, and the built-in timer is used for a predetermined time (for example, 1 to 10). ) Is counted (step 209), and the number N of times counted up by the timer is measured (step 210). If the number N does not exceed the predetermined value (step 2 11), the process returns to step 204 again to measure the electric field strength.
  • a predetermined time for example, 1 to 10
  • the alarm lamp 27 is turned on for a fixed time (for example, 10 seconds to 5 minutes) (step 21). 2), reset the entire circuit and return to the initial state (step 208).
  • the operation of the fixed stations 12 to 14 and the central station 15 will be described with reference to FIG. 6 .
  • the radio signals from the portable radio 10 are transmitted to the fixed stations 12 to 14. (Step 230), determine whether or not the identification code included in the radio wave is correct (Step 231). If the code is correct, the omni-directional antenna 3 of each fixed station 12 to 14 is used. The antenna field strength measured in step 3 is measured (step 2 32). The determination of the identification code and the measurement of the electric field strength may be performed at the same time, and the output value may be stored in the fixed station only when the identification code is correct.
  • the directional antenna 32 is rotated (step 233) to detect the maximum direction of the radio wave. This is because it is not necessary to operate all the directional antennas 32 of all the fixed stations since there are actually many fixed stations, for example, 10 or more. This is because the position of the portable radio 10 can be measured by operating only the directional antenna 32 of the fixed station.
  • the fixed stations 12 to 14 detect the direction of the maximum reception sensitivity of the radio wave (step 2334), and then transmit this to the central station 15 (step 2335).
  • the central station 15 calculates the transmitting position based on the principle of the triangulation method based on the data from the fixed stations 12 to 14 (step 2336), calculates the position, and obtains the map information and
  • the data is displayed on the display together with the individual data specified by the identification code (step 237), and the address of the location of the portable radio device 10 is specified from the previously described data (step 238).
  • a code for example, a “*” mark
  • indicating a radio wave transmission mode indicating whether the radio wave of the portable wireless device 10 is transmitted by the radio pager or by the operation of the radio wave transmission switch is displayed on the display.
  • the central office 15 may determine whether or not the telephone 39 has been used, and the information may be displayed in the radio wave transmission mode including such information. Then, the information is notified to the requestor by fax, Z, or telephone (step 239).
  • the address may be read aloud using a voice synthesizer, or a voice recorded in advance may be used.
  • step 240 the processing information is stored (step 240), and the process returns to step 230 after confirming that there is no end signal.
  • a display lamp 41 is provided as an example of a calling means composed of the light emitting diode, and blinks based on a call from a telephone line.
  • a bell buzzer
  • a sound in response to a call.
  • the portable wireless device 10 is provided with a storage section 42 in which the card-type radio pager 11 is mounted, and a photoelectric element (CDS, photo sensor) for receiving the light of the display lamp 41.
  • a photodiode (phototransistor) 30 (see FIG. 2) is provided to receive an optical signal from the radio pager 11 and convert it into a digital signal via the signal conversion unit 31 to convert the signal into a digital signal. It is sent to 0 and used as a start signal.
  • the radio pager 11 when the radio pager 11 is mounted on the portable radio 10, a sufficient seal is provided so that light does not enter the photoelectric element 30 from other portions. However, not only the tip of the radio pager 11 but also both sides are tightly covered so that the radio pager 11 does not easily come off the storage section 42 of the portable radio 10.
  • a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a portable radio 60 as an example of a small radio, and a portable radio 6. 0, a radio pager 61, three or more fixed stations 62 to 65 that receive radio waves from the portable wireless device 60, and the fixed stations 62 to 65 connected via a wired line. And a search vehicle 67.
  • a portable radio 60 as an example of a small radio
  • a radio pager 61 three or more fixed stations 62 to 65 that receive radio waves from the portable wireless device 60, and the fixed stations 62 to 65 connected via a wired line.
  • a search vehicle 67 search vehicle
  • the portable wireless device 60 includes a transmitting unit 69 connected to an omnidirectional antenna 68 projecting to the outside, and a microcomputer (CPU) 70, an operation lamp 71 connected to the microcomputer 70, a warning lamp 71a, a radio wave transmission switch 72, a signal converter 73, a RAM 74 and a ROM 75, and the signal It is configured to include a photoelectric element 76 connected to the conversion section 73 and a case 77 for accommodating them.
  • a microcomputer CPU
  • the case 77 is made of a relatively strong plastic case, and as shown in FIG. 9, is provided with a storage portion 78 of a commercially available radio pager 61, and furthermore, the storage portion 78 has a radio pager.
  • An unillustrated sensor (which may be a limit switch) for detecting the storage of 61 is provided, and is an example of a light calling means provided at one end of the radio pager 61.
  • a phototransistor 76 composed of a phototransistor or a photodiode for detecting light of a certain light emitting diode 79 is provided.
  • the photoelectric element 76 detects a call signal from the radio pager 61, and the signal is transmitted via the signal conversion section 73.
  • the information is transmitted to the microcomputer 70.
  • Reference numeral 80 denotes a power supply unit composed of a battery or the like.
  • the warning lamp 71a is turned on and off by a battery voltage detecting means having a known configuration.
  • the transmitting section 69 is composed of an FM transmitter, and modulates an identification code (ID code) previously written in the ROM 75 by a control signal modulating section provided in the transmitting section 69 according to an instruction of the microcomputer 70.
  • the antenna 68 can transmit data for a relatively short time (for example, 3 to 10 seconds).
  • the microcomputer 70 is connected with an operation lamp 71 and a warning lamp 71a, each of which is formed by a light emitting diode and operates at a specific step of the microcomputer 70. Further, the microcomputer 70 is connected to a radio wave transmitting switch 72 composed of push button switches 81 and 82 connected in series, and furthermore, a RAM 74 for temporarily storing necessary information, ROM 75 for storing various programs and identification codes is connected.
  • the fixed stations 62 to 65 include an omnidirectional antenna 83 and an identification code receiver (hereinafter referred to as an ID receiver) connected to the omnidirectional antenna 83.
  • an ID receiver an identification code receiver
  • an 8-element Adcock antenna (Adoc0kAntena) 85 which is an example of a radio azimuth detecting means
  • a direction measurement unit 86 connected to the adcock antenna 85.
  • a modem 87 for coordinating signals with the central station 66. Therefore, in each of the fixed stations 62 to 65, the radio wave transmitted by the portable radio device 60 is received by the omnidirectional antenna 83, and the identification code (ID) is received by the ID receiver 84. ) And send it to the central office 66 via the modem 87.
  • the transmitting direction of the radio wave is detected at a high speed by an ad-cock antenna 85 having a well-known structure and a direction measuring unit 86 having an electronic contact inside, and sent to the central office 66 via the modem 87.
  • a number of vertical antennas are arranged at equal intervals in the circumference, and the cables from each antenna are concentrated in the center, A vertical auxiliary antenna is provided in the center, and it is possible to use a well-known Doppler radio wave direction detecting means that can be switched by an electronic switch (diode switch).
  • the central office 66 includes a modem 88 associated with each of the modems 87, a control computer 89 connected to the modem 88, and a display 90 attached to the control computer 89.
  • the control computer 89 is known from the planar positions of the fixed stations 62 to 65 and the transmission direction of radio waves from the portable wireless device 60 detected via the modems 87 and 88, respectively.
  • the planar position of the portable radio 60 is determined by the principle of the triangulation method. If necessary, the location information of the portable wireless device 60 retrieved by using the data processing computer 91 together with the surrounding map information and the information specified by the identification code, together with the fax
  • the data is transmitted to a specific person by means of a data transmission device 95 comprising information transmission means using a computer or a computer.
  • a control device 97 shown in FIG. 7 is provided with the control computer 89, the data processing computer 91, and these peripheral devices.
  • Reference numeral 98 in FIG. 7 denotes a radio station for calling a radio pager.
  • the radio station A radio wave having an identification code is transmitted from 98 to drive a call signal comprising a bell and / or a light emitting diode of a specific radio pager 61.
  • a flat antenna 100, a geomagnetic detector 101, and an omnidirectional antenna 102 are mounted on the roof of the search vehicle 67, as shown in FIG.
  • the outputs of 100 and the geomagnetic detector 101 are connected to a radio wave transmission direction detecting device 103, and the omnidirectional antenna 102 is connected to a transceiver 104.
  • the principle of the flat antenna 100 is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-1476666 published on Aug. 3, 1985, or As described in the Ameri force patent No. 4 635 065 issued on May 6, a plurality of band-shaped antenna elements are arranged so that their center portions cross each other and are insulated.
  • the antenna element placed is used, and its directivity is rotated by an electronic switching circuit to detect the transmission direction of the received radio wave, whereby a mechanically rotating part or a mechanically rotating part is detected.
  • the direction of arrival of radio waves can be measured without using a switching switch.
  • an ad-cock antenna or other stationary radio wave direction detecting means may be used instead of the flat antenna 100.
  • the geomagnetic detector 101 includes, for example, one or two or more Hall elements disposed therein, detects the angle of the geomagnetic detector 101 with respect to the direction of the geomagnetism or the direction of the geomagnetism, and outputs this. You may do it.
  • the secondary coil includes a primary coil through which an alternating current of an appropriate frequency flows, and a magnetic material wound with a secondary coil that detects a voltage or current induced by the primary coil.
  • a flux sensor that also utilizes the fact that the current changes according to the magnetic flux passing through it, they are arranged perpendicularly, and the angle of the vehicle with respect to the terrestrial magnetism direction is determined from the combined output. You may make it detect.
  • a normal free rotating magnetic needle and a sensor for example, an optical sensor
  • the direction of the geomagnetic field may be detected based on the direction of the magnetic needle.
  • the geomagnetic detector 101 detects, for example, the north direction N, and the flat antenna 100 detects the radio wave transmission direction H. Then, a display of the search vehicle 67 in the traveling direction Z is displayed on the display unit 105 of the radio wave transmission direction detecting device 103. As a result, the search vehicle 67 can search for the position of the portable wireless device 60 while detecting the transmission direction of the radio wave.
  • the transmitting location of the portable wireless device 60 detected by the central office 66 and the map information of the surrounding area are included in the searching vehicle 67, as a matter of course. Sent via 0,4 and displayed on the display provided inside the car.
  • a self-position detection system equipped with a well-known GPS (G10 ba1 Positioning System) is installed to display the geographical position of the search vehicle 67, and a map is displayed on the display. It is preferably displayed together with the information.
  • G10 ba1 Positioning System G10 ba1 Positioning System
  • the identification code is sent from the radio station 98.
  • a radio wave having a signal is transmitted, whereby the light emitting diode 79 of the radio pager 61 flashes.
  • the microcomputer 70 of the portable wireless device 60 has two push-button switches 8 It is determined whether or not the radio wave transmitting switch 72 composed of the radio wave transmitting switch 72 is depressed (step 300), and it is confirmed that the radio wave transmitting switch 72 is not operated. After confirming the signal from the transmitter (step 301), a radio wave having a specific identification code is transmitted from the transmitter 69 (step 302). Here, when the radio wave transmission switch 72 is operated, radio waves are transmitted independently of the signal from the radio pager 61.
  • the radio wave including the identification code a radio wave of a relatively short time is used, and the operation lamp 71 is turned on at the same time when the radio wave is transmitted.
  • the portable radio 60 After activating the transmission unit 69, the portable radio 60 immediately returns to the initial activation state and waits for the next instruction.
  • the fixed stations 62 to 65 receiving the signal from the portable wireless device 60 first detect the identification code of the incoming radio wave by the omnidirectional antenna 83 and the ID receiver 84 (step 3 0 3), Detecting the direction of radio wave transmission by Adcock antenna 85 and position measurement unit 86 (step 304)
  • this information is transmitted to the central office 66 via the modems 87 and 88 (step 305).
  • the control computer 89 of the central office 66 checks the identification code included in the radio wave of the portable radio 60, identifies the person or the object (step 310), and further fixes each fixed object. From the positions of stations 62 to 65 and the detected azimuth signal, the position is calculated by applying the principle of triangulation. (Step 307).
  • a signal is sent from the transceiver 96 to the search vehicle 67, and a person who carries the approximate position of the portable wireless device 60, map information around the portable wireless device 60, and the portable wireless device 60, Alternatively, the individual information of the article is sent (Step 308).
  • the individual information refers to gender, age, photograph, blood type and the like in the case of a person, and refers to an article or the like equipped with the portable wireless device in the case of a thing.
  • the information displayed on the display of the central office 66 includes the information transmitted from the portable radio 60 by the radio pager 61 or the operation of the radio transmission switch.
  • the radio wave transmission mode that indicates the object is displayed at the same time.
  • the search vehicle 67 receiving the information contacts the central office 66 when necessary, and activates the radio pager 61 via a telephone line, so that the portable radio 60 A radio wave is transmitted, and the accurate position of the portable radio device 60 is searched for using the flat antenna 100, the geomagnetic detector 101, and the radio wave direction detection device 103 (step 30). 9).
  • a specific buzzer sound (bell sound) or vibration which is an example of a calling means, may be detected, and the portable signal may be activated using this as a start signal.
  • the antennas provided in the portable wireless device each protrude from the portable wireless device.
  • the antenna is built in using a known small antenna (for example, a loop antenna, a shortened rod antenna). It is also possible.
  • a person having a directional antenna tracks the position of the portable radio device that transmitted the radio waves.
  • a radio wave detector tracks the position of the portable radio device that transmitted the radio waves.
  • the radio pager since the radio pager may be activated by a wrong telephone, the radio pager should be called only by the telephone of the central office, and if the radio pager is called by the telephone, If the information is stored, and the stored information does not match the transmission of the radio wave from the portable wireless device by operating the radio pager, it is preferable to process it as an incorrect call.
  • the radio wave direction detecting means includes a unidirectional antenna (for example, a Yagi antenna) having a low frequency encoder and a low speed sensor, and a vernier using an orthogonal frame antenna and a goniometer in addition to the Doppler direction detecting means.
  • the present invention is applied to a toshi antenna and the like.
  • the present invention is applied to a case where the central office also serves as one of the fixed stations.
  • the portable radio was described as an example of the small radio, but the small radio also includes a small radio for in-vehicle use.
  • the present invention is also applicable to a case where the radio device is mounted, and a radio pager is used to transmit radio waves from the small radio device to detect the location.
  • the radio pager has a structure that can be seen from the outside.
  • the present invention is also applicable to a case where the radio pager is housed inside a small wireless device.
  • the outer case has good radio wave permeability. It is preferred to be made of plastic.
  • a predetermined radio pager is mounted on the radio pager storage section of a small radio, and is carried by a person or an object.
  • the radio pager is actuated according to a channel selection instruction, and a radio wave including an identification code is transmitted from the small radio, so that the conventional radio pager is not disassembled or modified without any modification. It can be used, and there is no need to use a new radio wave for transmitting the calling signal, so that effective use of the radio wave is promoted.
  • the radio transmission switch It is also possible to operate the radio transmission switch by carrying the small radio to a person, whereby the location is searched, and the transmission location is displayed together with map information at the central office. Therefore, a quick rescue operation can be performed, and if the position of the small radio is lost during a search, the radio gauge is activated again using the telephone line to transmit radio waves, and You can also check the position of.
  • the radio wave transmission mode that distinguishes whether the radio wave transmission is due to the operation of the radio pager or the radio wave transmission switch is output, it is necessary to perform emergency rescue activities. No, or the transmission of the radio wave is wrong.
  • the position can be confirmed and a stolen vehicle or the like can be detected.

Abstract

A small radio provided with a radio pager detects light of call means of the radio pager, and transmits a radio wave having a specific frequency containing an identification code. The radio wave may alternatively be transmitted by actuating a switch on the radio. This radio wave is received by azimuth detection means at three or more fixed stations, from which azimuth information is sent to a computer in a central station to provide information on the position of the radio, a map around the radio, and radio wave transmission mode. Accordingly, the position of a moving body or people having the radio can be detected rapidly by utilizing existing radio pagers as such.

Description

明 細 書 電波を用いた移動体の位置確認システム Description Location confirmation system for mobile objects using radio waves
「技術分野」 "Technical field"
本発明は、 電話回線と無線の利用によつて特定者を呼び出す小型の受 信機であるラジオページャ一 (ビーバ一、 ポケッ トベルとも言われてい る) を利用して移動体 (人あるいは物をいう) の位置の検出を電波の送 受信を通じて行う電波を用いた移動体の位置確認システムに関する。 「背景技術」  The present invention uses a radio pager (also called a beaver or a pager), which is a small receiver that calls a specific person by using a telephone line and wireless communication. The present invention relates to a position confirmation system for a moving object using radio waves that detects the position of the mobile object through transmission and reception of radio waves. "Background technology"
従来、 人の監視を行うシステムとしては、 本出願人が先に提案した日 本国特許出願公開 1 - 1 1 4 1 2 7号公報記載の無線信号の発信及び受 信を通じて行う移動体のモニタリング方法またはこれに対応する 1 9 9 0年 9月 4日に発行されたァメリ力特許第 4 9 5 4 8 3 6号があり、 対 象者は送信機より無線信号を送出し、 これを回転可能な指向性アンテナ を持つ複数の受信システムで受信し、 三角測量法の原理を用いて送信機 の位置を検知することを内容としている。  Conventionally, as a system for monitoring a person, a method of monitoring a mobile body through transmission and reception of a radio signal disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1-1114127 proposed by the present applicant has been proposed. Alternatively, there is a corresponding patent, Ameri Patent No. 4,954,836 issued on September 4, 1990, which allows the subject to transmit a radio signal from the transmitter and rotate it. It consists of receiving signals with multiple receiving systems with various directional antennas and detecting the position of the transmitter using the principle of triangulation.
しかしながら、 前記方法において、 送信機を作動させるには、 本人が 送信スィッチを押すか、 あるいは内部に更に受信機を備え、 別の電波を 用いて前記送信機を作動させる必要があり、 一つの周波数で行つても不 可能ではないが、 基本的には呼出しと、 送信の 2つの電波を必要とし、 新たな電波の使用許可が困難である等の問題点があって、 実稼働が困難 であった。  However, in the above method, in order to operate the transmitter, it is necessary for the person to press a transmission switch or to further include a receiver inside, and to operate the transmitter using another radio wave, and to use one frequency. Although it is not impossible to do so, it is basically difficult to operate in actual operation because it requires two radio waves for calling and transmission, and it is difficult to permit the use of new radio waves. Was.
一方、 近年、 電話回線を通じて、 特定の電話番号を回すことによって 電波発信局から識別符号を有する電波を発信し、 これによつて携行する 小型無線機からベル音及び Z又は信号光を発するラジオペ一ジヤーが広 く普及している。 On the other hand, in recent years, a radio station that emits a radio wave having an identification code from a radio wave transmitting station by turning a specific telephone number through a telephone line, and thereby emits a bell sound and Z or signal light from a small wireless device carried. Jia is wide It is very popular.
しかしながら、 このラジオべ一ジャーは一方的に連絡を取る為のもの であって、 そのラジオページャ一を携行している人の位置を特定するこ とは不可能であった。  However, this radio pager was for one-sided communication and it was not possible to locate the person carrying the radio pager.
本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもので、 従来から使用されるラ ジオペ一ジャーをそのまま利用して、 小型無線機を装着した物あるいは 小型無線機を携帯した人の位置を迅速に検出する電波を用いた移動体の 位置確認システムを提供することを目的とする。  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and uses a conventional radio pager as it is to quickly detect the position of an object equipped with a small wireless device or a person carrying a small wireless device. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves.
「発明の開示」  "Disclosure of the invention"
本発明の電波を用いた移動体の位置確認システムは、 光を含む呼出手 段を有するラジオペ一ジヤーを取り外し可能に収納する収納部、 電波発 信スィツチ、 及び前記呼出手段あるいは前記電波発信スィツチの作動に よって識別符号を含む特定周波数の電波を発信する送信部を有する小型 無線機と、  A mobile object position confirmation system using a radio wave according to the present invention includes a storage section for removably storing a radio pageer having a calling means including light, a radio wave transmission switch, and a radio communication switch. A small wireless device having a transmitter for transmitting a radio wave of a specific frequency including an identification code by operation;
前記小型無線機から発射される電波の発信方向を検知する電波方位検 知手段を備える 3以上の固定局と、  Three or more fixed stations including a radio wave direction detecting means for detecting a transmission direction of a radio wave emitted from the small radio device,
前記固定局に対して有線回線あるレ、は無線回線によつて連繫されたコ ンピュー夕を備える中央局とを有し、  A wired line to the fixed station, a central station having a computer connected by a wireless line,
電話回線を通じて前記小型無線機の収納部に収納された前記ラジオべ ージャ一を呼出し、 該ラジオペ一ジヤーの前記呼出手段の光を検出する ことにより、 前記小型無線機を作動させて、 識別符号を含む特定周波数 の電波を発信させ、  By calling the radio pager stored in the storage section of the small radio through a telephone line and detecting the light of the calling means of the radio pager, the small radio is operated and the identification code is set. Radio waves of specific frequencies including
または、 前記電波発信スィッチを作動させることにより、 識別符号を 含む特定周波数の電波を前記携帯型無線機から発信させ、  Or, by activating the radio transmission switch, radio waves of a specific frequency including an identification code are transmitted from the portable wireless device,
前記固定局の電波方位検知手段によつて電波が発信された前記小型無 線機の方位を検出し、 該方位情報を基にして前記コンピュー夕によって 前記小型無線機の位置、 その周辺の地図情報、 および送信電波が前記ラ ジォページャ一からの信号によるものかあるいは前記電波発信スィツチ の作動によるものかを区別して表示する電波発信モードを出力している o The small size radio wave transmitted by the radio wave direction detecting means of the fixed station. The direction of the line machine is detected, and based on the azimuth information, the position of the small wireless device, the map information around the small wireless device, and the transmission radio wave are based on the signal from the radio pager or the radio wave transmission. O Outputs the radio wave transmission mode that displays whether the switch is activated or not.
このように構成する電波を用いた移動体の位置確認システムにおいて は、 予め、 所定のラジオページャ一を小型無線機のラジオページャー収 納部に装着した状態で、 人あるいは物に携行させる。 そして、 電話回線 の選局指示によって、 前記ラジオページャ一の光を含む呼出し手段 (例 えば、 発光ダイオードの点滅信号) を作動させると、 小型無線機が該ラ ジオペ一ジヤーの光による呼出し手段に反応して作動し、 電波を発信す る。 また、 従来のラジオページャ一をそのままに利用しているので、 ラ ジォページャ一としての機能は当然のこと、 呼出信号を送信するための 新たな電波を使用することがないので、 電波の有効利用が促進される。 さらには、 この小型無線機にはラジオページャ一収納部を備えて、 この ラジオべ一ジャーと前記小型無線機の送信部を連携しているので、 ラジ オペ一ジャーを分解あるいは改良することなく使用できる。  In a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves configured as described above, a predetermined radio pager is mounted on a radio pager storage section of a small-sized radio before being carried by a person or an object. When a calling means (for example, a flashing signal of a light emitting diode) including light of the radio pager is activated by a channel selection instruction of the telephone line, the small radio sets the radio pager to a calling means by light of the radio pager. Operates in response to transmitting radio waves. In addition, since the conventional radio pager is used as it is, the function of the radio pager is natural, and there is no need to use a new radio wave for transmitting the calling signal. Promoted. Furthermore, this small radio is provided with a radio pager storage section, and the radio pager and the transmission section of the small radio are linked, so that the radio operator can be used without disassembly or modification. it can.
また、 該小型無線機を人に携帯させた場合には、 例えば強盗に襲われ る等の非常に、 備えられた電波発信スィツチを操作することによって該 小型無線機を作動させて、 電波を発信し非常を知らせることができる。 前記小型無線機から発信された電波を電波方位検知手段を有する 3以 上の固定局が受信して、 前記小型無線機の方位を検出し、 該方位情報を 中央局のコンピュー夕に知らせ、 該方位情報とそれぞれの固定局の位置 から該小型無線機の位置を検索し、 その周辺の地図情報および電波発信 モードと共に出力する。 該電波発信モードによって、 この小型無線機か ら発信される電波がラジオページャ一によるものか、 電波発信スィツチ によるものかを判断でき、 例えば非常時に電波発信スィツチを押したも のによる場合には、 前記中央局でその発信位置を地図情報と共に表示し ているので、 迅速な救助を行うことができる。 Also, when the small radio is carried by a person, the radio is transmitted by operating the provided radio transmission switch, for example, when a robber is attacked. I can inform you of an emergency. Radio waves transmitted from the small radio are received by three or more fixed stations having radio direction detection means, the direction of the small radio is detected, and the direction information is notified to the computer of the central station. The position of the small radio device is searched from the azimuth information and the position of each fixed station, and is output together with the surrounding map information and the radio wave transmission mode. Depending on the radio wave transmission mode, this small radio It is possible to judge whether the radio wave transmitted from the radio pager or the radio transmission switch is used.For example, in the case of pressing the radio transmission switch in an emergency, the transmitting position of the central office together with the map information is described by the central office. Because it is displayed, quick rescue can be performed.
前記小型無線機に他の小型無線機からの同一周波数の電波信号を受信 する受信部を設け、 該受信部が前記他の小型無線機からの電波信号を受 信した場合には、 該小型無線機の同一周波数による電波信号の送信を停 止させ、 該受信部が前記他の小型無線機からの電波信号を受信していな い場合にのみ該小型無線機から同一周波数の電波信号を送信できるよう にしてもょレ、。  The small radio is provided with a receiving unit for receiving a radio signal of the same frequency from another small radio, and when the receiving unit receives a radio signal from the other small radio, the small radio is transmitted. The transmission of the radio signal of the same frequency of the radio is stopped, and the radio signal of the same frequency can be transmitted from the small radio only when the receiving unit is not receiving the radio signal from the other small radio. In any case,
これによつて、 同一の受信範囲にある複数の小型無線機から電波が同 時に発射されることがない。 従って、 同一周波数を使用する前記小型無 線機を含む複数の無線機の電波信号が混信することがなく、 前記 3以上 の固定局によって電波の送信方向を正確に検知できるので、 正確にその 発信位置を検出することができる。  As a result, radio waves are not simultaneously emitted from a plurality of small wireless devices within the same reception range. Therefore, the radio signals of a plurality of radios including the small radio using the same frequency do not interfere with each other, and the transmission directions of the radio waves can be accurately detected by the three or more fixed stations. The position can be detected.
前記電波方位検知手段を、 多数のエレメントを電子接点によって高速 で切り換える走査型アンテナとしてもよい。 これによつて、 モータを内 蔵するローテ一夕を備えた通常の指向性アンテナに比べて短時間で発信 位置を検出することができる。  The radio wave direction detecting means may be a scanning antenna which switches a large number of elements at high speed by electronic contacts. This makes it possible to detect the transmission position in a shorter time as compared with a normal directional antenna provided with a rotatable built-in motor.
また、 前記コンピュータによつて前記小型無線機の位置を検知した後 、 更に、 地磁気を利用したコンパス、 固定型の電波方位測定手段、 及び 前記中央局との無線による連絡手段を備えた探索自動車にて、 前記小型 無線機の正確な位置を検知するようにしてもよい。 これによつて、 さら に詳しい小型無線機の位置を確認できると共に、 例えば非常時の救助な どを積極的に行うことができる。 また、 前記固定局の一つが前記中央局を兼用するようにしてもよい。 これによつて、 システムの簡略化ができ、 その分だけの設備コストを廉 価にできる。 After detecting the position of the small wireless device by the computer, the search vehicle further includes a compass using geomagnetism, a fixed type radio wave direction measuring unit, and a wireless communication unit with the central station. Thus, an accurate position of the small wireless device may be detected. This makes it possible to confirm the position of the small radio in more detail, and to actively perform, for example, emergency rescue. Further, one of the fixed stations may also serve as the central station. As a result, the system can be simplified and the equipment cost can be reduced accordingly.
「図面の簡単な説明 j  "Brief description of drawings j
図 1は本発明の第 1の実施例に係る電波を用いた移動体の位置確認シ ステムの概略構成図、 図 2は前記移動体の位置確認システムに使用する 携帯用無線機の概略ブロック図、 図 3は同斜視図、 図 4は同平面図、 図 5は同フロー図、 図 6は前記移動体の位置確認システムを構成する中央 局のコンピュー夕の動作フロー図、 図 7は本発明の第 2の実施例に係る 電波を用いた移動体の位置確認システムの概略構成図、 図 8は同システ ムの固定局及び中央局回りの機器の接続状況を示すプロック図、 図 9は 同システムに使用する携帯用無線機の斜視図、 図 1 0は同ブロック図、 図 1 1は探索用自動車に搭載されている機器の概略ブロック図、 図 1 2 は同動作説明図、 図 1 3はフロー図を示している。  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a portable wireless device used in the mobile object position confirmation system. , FIG. 3 is a perspective view, FIG. 4 is a plan view, FIG. 5 is a flow chart, FIG. 6 is an operation flow chart of a computer of a central office constituting the mobile object position confirmation system, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing connection states of devices around a fixed station and a central station of the system, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a portable wireless device used in the system, FIG. 10 is the same block diagram, FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a device mounted on a search vehicle, FIG. Shows a flow chart.
「発明を実施する為の最良の形態」  "Best mode for carrying out the invention"
まず、 図 1〜6を参照して本発明の第 1の実施例を説明する。 図 1に 示すように、 本発明の第 1の実施例に係る電波を用いた移動体の位置確 認システムは、 小型無線機の一例である携帯用無線機 1 0と、 該携帯用 無線機 1 0に装着されるラジオページャ一 1 1 と、 前記携帯用無線機 1 0の電波を受ける 3以上の固定局 1 2〜 1 4と、 該固定局 1 2〜 1 4に 有線回線を通じて連結される中央局 1 5とを有している。 以下、 これら について詳しく説明する。  First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a portable radio device 10 as an example of a small radio device, and a portable radio device. A radio pager 11 attached to 10, three or more fixed stations 12 to 14 receiving radio waves of the portable radio 10, and connected to the fixed stations 12 to 14 via a wired line. Central Office 15 Hereinafter, these will be described in detail.
図 2、 3に示すように、 前記携帯用無線機 1 0は、 外部に突出する無 指向性のアンテナ 1 6に切替えスィッチ 1 7を介して接続される送信部 1 8および受信部 1 9と、 該送信部 1 8および受信部 1 9を制御するマ イク口コンピュータ (C P U ) 2 0と、 該マイクロコンピュータ 2 0に 接続されるランプ類及びスィッチ類と、 これらの電源 2 1 と、 これらを 収納するケース 2 2とを有して構成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the portable wireless device 10 includes a transmitting unit 18 and a receiving unit 19 connected to a non-directional antenna 16 projecting to the outside via a switching switch 17. , Which controls the transmission unit 18 and the reception unit 19 It comprises an outlet computer (CPU) 20, lamps and switches connected to the microcomputer 20, a power supply 21, and a case 22 for accommodating them.
前記送信部 1 8は、 F M送信機からなって予め R O M 2 3に記載され た識別符号をマイクロコンピュータ 2 0の指示によって制御信号変調部 2 4によって変調し、 前記アンテナ 1 6から所定時間 (通常 1〜5 分間) 送信できるようになつている。  The transmitting section 18 is composed of an FM transmitter, modulates an identification code written in the ROM 23 in advance by the control signal modulating section 24 according to an instruction of the microcomputer 20, and transmits a predetermined time (normally) from the antenna 16. (1 to 5 minutes).
前記受信部 1 9は、 前記送信部 1 8の送信周波数と同一の周波数を受 信する F M受信機からなって、 該受信部 1 9にはその電界強度の測定を 行う電界強度測定部 2 5を有し、 受信された信号のレベル (デジタル変 換されている) を前記マイクロコンピュータ 2 0に伝えるようになって いる。  The receiving section 19 is composed of an FM receiver that receives the same frequency as the transmission frequency of the transmitting section 18. The receiving section 19 has an electric field intensity measuring section 25 that measures the electric field intensity. And the level (digitally converted) of the received signal is transmitted to the microcomputer 20.
前記マイクロコンピュー夕 2 0には、 該マイクロコンピュー夕 2 0の 特定ステップ時に作動する発光ダイォ一ドからなる作動ランプ 2 6、 警 報ランプ 2 7が接続されていると共に、 図示しないインターフェイスを 介して電波発信スィツチの一例である非常ボタン 2 8が接続されている 。 また、 該マイクロコンピュータ 2 0には必要な情報を一次記憶する R A M 2 9、 ラジォページャ一 1 1からの光信号を受ける光電素子 3 0、 該光電素子 3 0に接続される信号変換部 3 1が接続されている。  The microcomputer 20 is connected to an operation lamp 26 and a warning lamp 27, each of which includes a light emitting diode that operates at a specific step of the microcomputer 20, and an interface (not shown). An emergency button 28, which is an example of a radio wave transmission switch, is connected via the switch. The microcomputer 20 includes a RAM 29 for temporarily storing necessary information, a photoelectric element 30 for receiving an optical signal from the radio pager 11, and a signal conversion unit 31 connected to the photoelectric element 30. It is connected.
一方、 図 1に示すように、 前記固定局 1 2〜 1 4には、 電波方位検知 手段の一例である回転駆動される指向性アンテナ 3 2とグランドブレー ンアンテナ等からなる無指向性アンテナ 3 3とをそれぞれ有し、 前記携 帯用無線機 1 0の電波信号を、 前記無指向性アンテナ 3 3と、 指向性ァ ンテナ 3 2とによって受信でき、 図示しない受信機によってその信号に 含まれる識別符号及び信号強度を解析できるようになつている。 従って、 該固定局 1 2〜 1 4においては、 携帯用無線機 1 0からの信 号を受信して、 その識別符号及び受信感度を解析し、 識別符号が正しく て一定以上の受信感度を有する場合には、 直ちにスタックの八木アンテ ナからなる指向性アンテナ 3 2を回転し、 その最大受信感度方向から電 波の伝播方向を検索するようになっている。 そして、 それぞれの指向性 ァンテナの下部に設けられた口一タリエンコーダによつて割り出された 電波の最大受信感度方向が、 A D変換されて、 有線回線を通じて中央局 1 5に伝達されるようになっている。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the fixed stations 12 to 14 include a directional antenna 32 driven by rotation and an omnidirectional antenna 3, and the radio signal of the portable radio 10 can be received by the omnidirectional antenna 33 and the directional antenna 32, and is included in the signal by a receiver (not shown). The identification code and the signal strength can be analyzed. Therefore, the fixed stations 12 to 14 receive the signal from the portable wireless device 10 and analyze the identification code and the reception sensitivity thereof, and the identification code is correct and the reception sensitivity is equal to or higher than a certain value. In this case, the directional antenna 32 composed of the Yagi antenna of the stack is immediately rotated, and the propagation direction of the electric wave is searched from the direction of the maximum receiving sensitivity. Then, the maximum receiving sensitivity direction of the radio wave, which is determined by the one-way encoder provided under each directional antenna, is AD-converted and transmitted to the central office 15 through a wired line. Has become.
なお、 3 4は各固定局 1 2〜 1 5の図示しないコンピュー夕または信 号伝送機器と、 中央局 1 5のコンピュータ 3 5を連繫するインタ一フエ イスを示す。 該コンピュータ 3 5にはその出力情報を文字に変換してフ アツクス 3 6から他のファックス 3 7に情報を送ることができるよう通 信機能を備えている。  Reference numeral 34 denotes an interface that connects a computer or signal transmission device (not shown) of each of the fixed stations 12 to 15 and the computer 35 of the central station 15. The computer 35 has a communication function so that the output information can be converted into characters and the information can be sent from the fax 36 to another fax 37.
また、 3 8は無線局であって、 電話器 3 9から特定の電話番号を回す ことによって、 識別符号を含む電波を発信し、 前記ラジオページャ一 1 1の呼出し手段である発光ダイォード及び/又はベル等を作動させるよ うになつている。  Reference numeral 38 denotes a radio station, which emits a radio wave including an identification code by turning a specific telephone number from the telephone 39, and emits light and / or a light emitting diode and / or a calling means of the radio pager 111. The bell is activated.
続いて、 前記携帯用無線機 1 0は前記 R O M 2 3に記載されているプ ログラムによって作動するが、 図 5を参照しながらその動作について説 明する。 まず非常ボタン 2 8を押していないことを確認して (ステップ 2 0 0 ) 、 ラジオページャ一 1 1からの信号の有無を判断する (ステツ プ 2 0 1 ) 。 ラジオページャ一 1 1からの信号があった場合には、 送受 信用のアンテナを受信方向に切替え (ステップ 2 0 2 ) 、 作動ランプ 2 6を点灯すると共に、 受信部 1 9を作動させ (ステップ 2 0 3 ) 、 受信 した電波の電界強度を測定する (ステップ 2 0 4 ) 。 測定した電界強度が所定値以下であることを確認して (ステップ 2 0 5 ) 、 前記アンテナを送信方向に切替え (ステップ 2 0 6 ) 、 送信部 1 8を起動して所定の識別符号を含む電波を一定時間送信し (ステップ 2 0 7 ) 、 これが終わって全体の回路をリセッ トする (ステップ 2 0 8 ) ο Subsequently, the portable wireless device 10 is operated by a program described in the ROM 23, and the operation will be described with reference to FIG. First, it is confirmed that the emergency button 28 has not been pressed (step 200), and it is determined whether or not there is a signal from the radio pager 111 (step 201). When there is a signal from the radio pager 11, the transmission / reception antenna is switched to the reception direction (step 202), the operation lamp 26 is turned on, and the reception unit 19 is operated (step 2). 03), and measure the electric field strength of the received radio wave (step 204). After confirming that the measured electric field strength is equal to or less than a predetermined value (step 205), the antenna is switched to the transmission direction (step 206), and the transmission unit 18 is activated to include a predetermined identification code. The radio wave is transmitted for a certain period of time (Step 207), and after this, the entire circuit is reset (Step 207) ο
一方、 ステップ 2 0 5で、 電界強度が一定値以下でない場合には、 他 の携帯用無線機が使用されているということであるので、 内蔵するタイ マーで一定時間 (例えば、 1〜 1 0秒) をカウントする (ステップ 2 0 9 ) と共に、 前記タイマーがカウントアップした回数 Nを計測する (ス テツプ 2 1 0 ) 。 そして、 回数 Nが所定値を越えていない場合には (ス テツプ 2 1 1 ) 再度ステップ 2 0 4に戻って電界強度を測定する。  On the other hand, if the electric field strength is not equal to or less than the predetermined value in step 205, it means that another portable radio is being used, and the built-in timer is used for a predetermined time (for example, 1 to 10). ) Is counted (step 209), and the number N of times counted up by the timer is measured (step 210). If the number N does not exceed the predetermined value (step 2 11), the process returns to step 204 again to measure the electric field strength.
ここで、 前記タイマーによるカウント回数 Nが所定回数 (例えば、 5 回) を越えている場合には、 警報ランプ 2 7を一定時間 (例えば、 1 0 秒〜 5分) 点灯して (ステップ 2 1 2 ) 、 全体の回路をリセッ トして最 初の状態に復帰する (ステップ 2 0 8 ) 。  Here, when the count number N by the timer exceeds a predetermined number (for example, 5 times), the alarm lamp 27 is turned on for a fixed time (for example, 10 seconds to 5 minutes) (step 21). 2), reset the entire circuit and return to the initial state (step 208).
固定局 1 2〜 1 4及び中央局 1 5の動作について、 図 6を参照しなが らその動作を説明すると、 前記携帯用無線機 1 0からの電波信号を各固 定局 1 2〜 1 4で受信する (ステップ 2 3 0 ) 、 電波に含まれる識別符 号は正しいか否かを判断し (ステップ 2 3 1 ) 、 正しい場合には各固定 局 1 2〜 1 4の無指向性アンテナ 3 3によって測定したアンテナの電界 強度を測定する (ステップ 2 3 2 ) 。 なお、 この識別符号の判断と、 電 界強度の測定とは同時に行って、 識別符号が正しい場合のみ、 その出力 値を、 固定局で記憶するようにしても良い。 そして、 各固定局 1 2〜 1 4で受信した電界強度が一定値より大きい固定局について、 指向性ァン テナ 3 2を回転して (ステップ 2 3 3 ) 、 電波の最大方向を検出する。 これは、 実際には例えば 1 0以上の多数の固定局があるので、 全ての固 定局の指向性アンテナ 3 2を全部作動させる必要はなく、 携帯用無線機 1 0の近くにある最小 3個の固定局の指向性アンテナ 3 2のみを作動さ せれば、 携帯用無線機 1 0の位置は測定できるからである。 The operation of the fixed stations 12 to 14 and the central station 15 will be described with reference to FIG. 6 .The radio signals from the portable radio 10 are transmitted to the fixed stations 12 to 14. (Step 230), determine whether or not the identification code included in the radio wave is correct (Step 231). If the code is correct, the omni-directional antenna 3 of each fixed station 12 to 14 is used. The antenna field strength measured in step 3 is measured (step 2 32). The determination of the identification code and the measurement of the electric field strength may be performed at the same time, and the output value may be stored in the fixed station only when the identification code is correct. Then, for the fixed stations whose electric field strengths received by the fixed stations 12 to 14 are larger than a certain value, the directional antenna 32 is rotated (step 233) to detect the maximum direction of the radio wave. This is because it is not necessary to operate all the directional antennas 32 of all the fixed stations since there are actually many fixed stations, for example, 10 or more. This is because the position of the portable radio 10 can be measured by operating only the directional antenna 32 of the fixed station.
前記固定局 1 2〜 1 4で電波の最大受信感度方向を検知し (ステップ 2 3 4 ) 、 その後、 これを中央局 1 5に送信する (ステップ 2 3 5 ) 。 中央局 1 5では前記固定局 1 2〜 1 4からのデータに基づき、 発信位 置を三角測量法の原理に基づいて演算して (ステップ 2 3 6 ) 、 その位 置を算出し地図情報および識別符号によって特定される個別データと共 にディスプレイに表示し (ステップ 2 3 7 ) 、 予め記載されたデータか ら携帯用無線機 1 0の所在位置の住所を特定する (ステップ 2 3 8 ) 。 そして、 前記携帯用無線機 1 0の電波の発信がラジオページャ一による ものか、 電波発信スィッチの作動によるものかを示す電波発信モードを 示す符号 (例えば、 「*」 マーク) を前記ディスプレイに表示する。 こ の判断は、 携帯用無線機 1 1の内部で区別して特定の信号を使うものが 好ましい。 また、 前記電話器 3 9を使用したか否かを中央局 1 5で判別 し、 これらの情報も含めて前記電波発信モードに表示してもよい。 そし て、 これらの情報をファックス及び Z又は電話によって該情報を依頼先 に通知する (ステップ 2 3 9 ) 。 なお、 ここで電話による場合には、 音 声合成装置を用いてその住所を朗読させるようにしても良いし、 予め録 音された音声を使用しても良い。  The fixed stations 12 to 14 detect the direction of the maximum reception sensitivity of the radio wave (step 2334), and then transmit this to the central station 15 (step 2335). The central station 15 calculates the transmitting position based on the principle of the triangulation method based on the data from the fixed stations 12 to 14 (step 2336), calculates the position, and obtains the map information and The data is displayed on the display together with the individual data specified by the identification code (step 237), and the address of the location of the portable radio device 10 is specified from the previously described data (step 238). A code (for example, a “*” mark) indicating a radio wave transmission mode indicating whether the radio wave of the portable wireless device 10 is transmitted by the radio pager or by the operation of the radio wave transmission switch is displayed on the display. I do. For this determination, it is preferable to use a specific signal that is distinguished inside the portable wireless device 11. Alternatively, the central office 15 may determine whether or not the telephone 39 has been used, and the information may be displayed in the radio wave transmission mode including such information. Then, the information is notified to the requestor by fax, Z, or telephone (step 239). In this case, in the case of calling by telephone, the address may be read aloud using a voice synthesizer, or a voice recorded in advance may be used.
以上の過程を経て処理情報を記憶し (ステップ 2 4 0 ) 、 終了信号の ないことを確認してステップ 2 3 0に戻る。  Through the above process, the processing information is stored (step 240), and the process returns to step 230 after confirming that there is no end signal.
図 2〜図 4を参照しながら、 ラジオページャ一 1 1 と携帯用無線機 1 0との関係を更に明確にすると、 市販されているラジオべ一ジャー 1 1 . ι〇 Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, the relationship between the radio pager 11 and the portable radio 10 is further clarified. .ι〇
はカード型となって、 内部にアンテナ、 電池、 無線機、 必要な場合にはIs a card type with an antenna, battery, radio inside, if necessary
C P U. メモリ等の必要な機器を備えている。 そして、 その一端には前 記発光ダイォードからなる呼出し手段の一例である表示ランプ 4 1が設 けられ、 電話回線からの呼出しに基づいて点滅するようになっている。 また、 内部には図示しないベル (ブザー) も設けられ、 呼出しに応じて 音を発するようになつている。 C P U. Equipped with necessary equipment such as memory. At one end, a display lamp 41 is provided as an example of a calling means composed of the light emitting diode, and blinks based on a call from a telephone line. There is also a bell (buzzer) (not shown) inside, which emits a sound in response to a call.
そして、 携帯用無線機 1 0には、 前記カード型のラジオページャ一 1 1が装着される収納部 4 2を設けており、 また前記表示ランプ 4 1の光 を受光する光電素子 (C D S、 フォ トダイォード、 フォ ト トランジスタ ) 3 0 (図 2参照) が設けてあって、 ラジオページャ一 1 1からの光信 号を受信し、 信号変換部 3 1を介してデジタル信号に変え、 マイクロコ ンピュー夕 2 0に送るようにして、 起動信号としている。  The portable wireless device 10 is provided with a storage section 42 in which the card-type radio pager 11 is mounted, and a photoelectric element (CDS, photo sensor) for receiving the light of the display lamp 41. A photodiode (phototransistor) 30 (see FIG. 2) is provided to receive an optical signal from the radio pager 11 and convert it into a digital signal via the signal conversion unit 31 to convert the signal into a digital signal. It is sent to 0 and used as a start signal.
ここで、 前記ラジオページャ一 1 1が携帯用無線機 1 0に装着された 場合には、 他の部分から光電素子 3 0に光が入らないように、 充分なシ —ルがなされていると共に、 容易にラジオページャ一 1 1が携帯用無線 機 1 0の収納部 4 2から外れないように、 ラジオページャ一 1 1の先端 のみでなく、 両側も密着して覆うようになっている。  Here, when the radio pager 11 is mounted on the portable radio 10, a sufficient seal is provided so that light does not enter the photoelectric element 30 from other portions. However, not only the tip of the radio pager 11 but also both sides are tightly covered so that the radio pager 11 does not easily come off the storage section 42 of the portable radio 10.
次に、 図 7〜図 1 3を参照して本発明の第 2の実施例に係る電波を用 いた移動体の位置確認システムを説明する。 図 7に示すように、 本発明 の第 2の実施例に係る電波を用いた移動体の位置確認システムは、 小型 無線機の一例である携帯用無線機 6 0と、 該携帯用無線機 6 0に装着さ れるラジオページャ一 6 1 と、 前記携帯用無線機 6 0の電波を受ける 3 以上の固定局 6 2〜 6 5と、 該固定局 6 2〜 6 5と有線回線を通じて連 結される中央局 6 6と、 探索自動車 6 7とを有している。 以下、 これら について詳しく説明する。 図 7〜図 1 0に示すように、 前記携帯用無線機 6 0は、 外部に突出す る無指向性のァンテナ 6 8に接続される送信部 6 9と、 全体を制御する マイクロコンピュー夕 (C P U ) 7 0と、 該マイクロコンピュータ 7 0 に接続される作動ランプ 7 1、 警告ランプ 7 1 a、 電波発信スィッチ 7 2、 信号変換部 7 3、 R A M 7 4及び R O M 7 5と、 前記信号変換部 7 3に接続される光電素子 7 6と、 これらを収納するケース 7 7とを有し て構成されている。 Next, a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 7, a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a portable radio 60 as an example of a small radio, and a portable radio 6. 0, a radio pager 61, three or more fixed stations 62 to 65 that receive radio waves from the portable wireless device 60, and the fixed stations 62 to 65 connected via a wired line. And a search vehicle 67. Hereinafter, these will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the portable wireless device 60 includes a transmitting unit 69 connected to an omnidirectional antenna 68 projecting to the outside, and a microcomputer (CPU) 70, an operation lamp 71 connected to the microcomputer 70, a warning lamp 71a, a radio wave transmission switch 72, a signal converter 73, a RAM 74 and a ROM 75, and the signal It is configured to include a photoelectric element 76 connected to the conversion section 73 and a case 77 for accommodating them.
前記ケース 7 7は比較的強度を有するプラスチックケースからなって 、 図 9に示すように、 市販のラジオページャ一 6 1の収納部 7 8を備え 、 更には、 該収納部 7 8にラジオページャ一 6 1を収納したことを検出 する図示しないセンサ一 (リ ミッ トスィツチであっても良い) が設けら れていると共に、 ラジオページャ一 6 1の一端に設けられた光による呼 出手段の一例である発光ダイォ一ド 7 9の光を検知するフォトトランジ ス夕あるいはフォ トダイォード等からなる光電素子 7 6が設けられてい る。 これによつて、 ラジオページャ一 6 1が収納部 7 8に装着された場 合、 ラジオページャ一 6 1からの呼出信号を、 前記光電素子 7 6が検知 し、 信号変換部 7 3を介してマイクロコンピュータ 7 0に伝えるように なっている。 なお、 8 0は電池等からなる電源部を示し、 電池が一定の 電圧以下になると、 周知の構成からなる電池電圧検出手段によつて前記 警告ランプ 7 1 aが点滅するようになっている。  The case 77 is made of a relatively strong plastic case, and as shown in FIG. 9, is provided with a storage portion 78 of a commercially available radio pager 61, and furthermore, the storage portion 78 has a radio pager. An unillustrated sensor (which may be a limit switch) for detecting the storage of 61 is provided, and is an example of a light calling means provided at one end of the radio pager 61. A phototransistor 76 composed of a phototransistor or a photodiode for detecting light of a certain light emitting diode 79 is provided. Thus, when the radio pager 61 is mounted on the storage section 78, the photoelectric element 76 detects a call signal from the radio pager 61, and the signal is transmitted via the signal conversion section 73. The information is transmitted to the microcomputer 70. Reference numeral 80 denotes a power supply unit composed of a battery or the like. When the voltage of the battery falls below a certain level, the warning lamp 71a is turned on and off by a battery voltage detecting means having a known configuration.
前記送信部 6 9は、 F M送信機からなって予め R O M 7 5に記載され た識別符号 ( I Dコード) をマイクロコンピュータ 7 0の指示によって 、 送信部 6 9に設けられた制御信号変調部によって変調し、 前記アンテ ナ 6 8から比較的短い時間 (例えば、 3〜1 0秒間) 送信できるように なっている。 前記マイクロコンピュータ 7 0には、 該マイクロコンピュー夕 7 0の 特定ステップ時に作動する発光ダイォードからなる作動ランプ 7 1、 警 報ランプ 7 1 aが接続されている。 また、 該マイクロコンピュータ 7 0 には、 直列に接続された押しボタンスィッチ 8 1、 8 2からなる電波発 信スィッチ 7 2が接続され、 更には必要な情報を一次記憶する R A M 7 4と、 必要なプログラム及び識別符号を記憶する R O M 7 5が接続され ている。 The transmitting section 69 is composed of an FM transmitter, and modulates an identification code (ID code) previously written in the ROM 75 by a control signal modulating section provided in the transmitting section 69 according to an instruction of the microcomputer 70. The antenna 68 can transmit data for a relatively short time (for example, 3 to 10 seconds). The microcomputer 70 is connected with an operation lamp 71 and a warning lamp 71a, each of which is formed by a light emitting diode and operates at a specific step of the microcomputer 70. Further, the microcomputer 70 is connected to a radio wave transmitting switch 72 composed of push button switches 81 and 82 connected in series, and furthermore, a RAM 74 for temporarily storing necessary information, ROM 75 for storing various programs and identification codes is connected.
前記固定局 6 2〜6 5は、 図 7、 図 8に示すように無指向性アンテナ 8 3と、 該無指向性アンテナ 8 3に接続される識別符号用受信機 (以下 、 I D用受信機という) 8 4と、 電波方位探知手段の一例である 8素子 のアドコック ·アンテナ (A d o c 0 k A n t e n a ) 8 5と、 該ァ ドコック ·アンテナ 8 5に接続される方向測定ュニッ ト 8 6と、 前記中 央局 6 6との信号の連携をとるモデム 8 7とをそれぞれ有している。 従って、 各固定局 6 2〜6 5においては、 前記携帯用無線機 6 0によ つて発信された電波を無指向性アンテナ 8 3によって受信して、 I D用 受信機 8 4によって識別符号 ( I Dコード) を受信し、 モデム 8 7を介 して中央局 6 6に送る。  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the fixed stations 62 to 65 include an omnidirectional antenna 83 and an identification code receiver (hereinafter referred to as an ID receiver) connected to the omnidirectional antenna 83. 84, an 8-element Adcock antenna (Adoc0kAntena) 85, which is an example of a radio azimuth detecting means, and a direction measurement unit 86 connected to the adcock antenna 85. And a modem 87 for coordinating signals with the central station 66. Therefore, in each of the fixed stations 62 to 65, the radio wave transmitted by the portable radio device 60 is received by the omnidirectional antenna 83, and the identification code (ID) is received by the ID receiver 84. ) And send it to the central office 66 via the modem 87.
そして、 周知構造のァドコック ·アンテナ 8 5及び内部に電子接点を 有する方向測定ュニッ ト 8 6によって電波の発信方向を高速度で検知し 、 前記モデム 8 7を介して中央局 6 6に送る。  The transmitting direction of the radio wave is detected at a high speed by an ad-cock antenna 85 having a well-known structure and a direction measuring unit 86 having an electronic contact inside, and sent to the central office 66 via the modem 87.
また、 前記周知構造のァドコック ·アンテナ 8 5及び方向測定ュニッ ト 8 6の代わりに、 多数の垂直アンテナを円周状に等間隔で配置し、 中 央に各アンテナからのケーブルを集中させると共に、 中央に垂直補助ァ ンテナを設け、 電子スィッチ (ダイオードスィッチ) によって、 切り換 える周知構造のドプラ式の電波方位検知手段を使用することも可能であ る o Also, in place of the above-described well-known structure of the ad-cock antenna 85 and the direction measurement unit 86, a number of vertical antennas are arranged at equal intervals in the circumference, and the cables from each antenna are concentrated in the center, A vertical auxiliary antenna is provided in the center, and it is possible to use a well-known Doppler radio wave direction detecting means that can be switched by an electronic switch (diode switch). O
前記中央局 6 6には、 前記それぞれのモデム 8 7と連携するモデム 8 8と、 該モデム 8 8に接続される制御用コンピュータ 8 9及び該制御用 コンピュータ 8 9に付属するディスプレイ 9 0と、 データ処理用コンビ ユー夕 9 1及び該データ処理用コンピュータ 9 1に付属するディスプレ ィ 9 2と、 前記データ処理用コンピュータ 9 1に付属する補助記憶装置 9 3、 プリンタ 9 4及びデ一夕伝達装置 9 5と、 探索用自動車 6 7に無 線連絡を行う送受信機 9 6とが備えられている。  The central office 66 includes a modem 88 associated with each of the modems 87, a control computer 89 connected to the modem 88, and a display 90 attached to the control computer 89. A data processing combination 91 and a display 92 attached to the data processing computer 91, an auxiliary storage device 93 attached to the data processing computer 91, a printer 94, and a data transmission device 95 and a transceiver 96 for wirelessly communicating with the search vehicle 67.
前記制御用コンピュータ 8 9は、 前記固定局 6 2〜 6 5の平面的位置 と、 モデム 8 7、 8 8を介してそれぞれ検知した携帯用無線機 6 0から の電波の発信方向とから、 周知方法である三角測量法の原理によって、 携帯用無線機 6 0の平面的位置を割り出すようになつている。 そして、 必要な場合には、 データ処理用コンピュータ 9 1を用い検索された携帯 用無線機 6 0の位置情報は、 その周辺の地図情報および識別符号によつ て特定される情報と共に、 ファックシミ リ、 あるいはコンピュータを用 いた情報伝達手段等からなるデ一夕伝達装置 9 5によって、 特定者のも とに送られるようになつている。  The control computer 89 is known from the planar positions of the fixed stations 62 to 65 and the transmission direction of radio waves from the portable wireless device 60 detected via the modems 87 and 88, respectively. The planar position of the portable radio 60 is determined by the principle of the triangulation method. If necessary, the location information of the portable wireless device 60 retrieved by using the data processing computer 91 together with the surrounding map information and the information specified by the identification code, together with the fax The data is transmitted to a specific person by means of a data transmission device 95 comprising information transmission means using a computer or a computer.
なお、 前記制御用コンピュータ 8 9、 デ一夕処理用コンピュータ 9 1 及びこれらの周辺機器を備えて図 7に示す制御装置 9 7が構成されてい る。  A control device 97 shown in FIG. 7 is provided with the control computer 89, the data processing computer 91, and these peripheral devices.
また、 図 7に示す 9 8はラジオページャ一呼出用の無線局であって、 例えば、 中央局 6 6に設けられた電話器 9 9を使用して、 特定番号を選 局すると、 前記無線局 9 8から識別符号を有する電波を発信し、 特定の ラジォページャ一 6 1のベル及び/又は発光ダイォードからなる呼出信 号を駆動するようになっている。 \ Reference numeral 98 in FIG. 7 denotes a radio station for calling a radio pager. For example, when a specific number is selected using a telephone set 99 provided in the central office 66, the radio station A radio wave having an identification code is transmitted from 98 to drive a call signal comprising a bell and / or a light emitting diode of a specific radio pager 61. \
前記探索用自動車 6 7の屋根には、 図 1 1に示すようにフラッ トアン テナ 1 0 0と、 地磁気検出器 1 0 1 と、 無指向性アンテナ 1 0 2とが搭 載され、 前記フラットアンテナ 1 0 0及び地磁気検出器 1 0 1の出力は 、 電波発信方位検出装置 1 0 3に接続され、 前記無指向性アンテナ 1 0 2は、 送受信機 1 0 4に接続されている。  As shown in FIG. 11, a flat antenna 100, a geomagnetic detector 101, and an omnidirectional antenna 102 are mounted on the roof of the search vehicle 67, as shown in FIG. The outputs of 100 and the geomagnetic detector 101 are connected to a radio wave transmission direction detecting device 103, and the omnidirectional antenna 102 is connected to a transceiver 104.
前記フラッ トアンテナ 1 0 0の原理については、 例えば 1 9 8 5年 8 月 3日に公開されている日本国特開昭 6 0 - 1 4 7 6 6 6号公報または 1 9 8 7年 1月 6日に発行されたァメリ力特許第 4 6 3 5 0 6 5号公報 にも記載されているように、 複数個の帯状アンテナ素子を中央部が互い に交叉し、 しかも絶縁するようにして配置されたアンテナ素子を用い、 これを電子切り換え回路によってその指向方向を回転させて、 受信した 電波の発信方向を検知するようにしており、 これによつて機械的な回転 部分、 あるいは機械的な切り換えスィッチを用いることなく、 電波の到 来方向を測定できる。  The principle of the flat antenna 100 is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-1476666 published on Aug. 3, 1985, or As described in the Ameri force patent No. 4 635 065 issued on May 6, a plurality of band-shaped antenna elements are arranged so that their center portions cross each other and are insulated. The antenna element placed is used, and its directivity is rotated by an electronic switching circuit to detect the transmission direction of the received radio wave, whereby a mechanically rotating part or a mechanically rotating part is detected. The direction of arrival of radio waves can be measured without using a switching switch.
なお、 前記フラッ トアンテナ 1 0 0の代わりに、 ァドコック ·ァンテ ナあるいはその他の静止型の電波方位検知手段を使用することも当然で きる。  It is to be noted that, instead of the flat antenna 100, an ad-cock antenna or other stationary radio wave direction detecting means may be used.
前記地磁気検出器 1 0 1は、 例えば、 内部に 1または 2以上のホール 素子を配置し、 地磁気の方向に対する地磁気検出器 1 0 1の角度あるい は地磁気の方向を検出して、 これを出力するようにしても良い。 また、 場合によっては、 適当周波数の交流を流す一次コイルと、 該一次コイル によって誘起される電圧または電流を検出する二次コイルが巻かれた磁 気材料を備え、 前記二次コィルの誘起電圧または電流が通過する磁束に 応じて変化することも利用したフラックスセンサーを用い、 これらを直 交させて配置し、 その合成出力から地磁気方向に対する自動車の角度を 検出するようにしても良い。 更には、 通常の自由回転する磁針と、 該磁 針の方向を検出するセンサー (例えば、 光センサー) を備え、 前記磁針 の方向によって地磁気方向を検知するようにしても良い。 以上のような 手段によって、 該検索自動車の進行方向と地磁気との角度を電波発信方 位検出装置 1 0 3に表示するようになっており、 これによつて磁気コン パスを形成している。 The geomagnetic detector 101 includes, for example, one or two or more Hall elements disposed therein, detects the angle of the geomagnetic detector 101 with respect to the direction of the geomagnetism or the direction of the geomagnetism, and outputs this. You may do it. In some cases, the secondary coil includes a primary coil through which an alternating current of an appropriate frequency flows, and a magnetic material wound with a secondary coil that detects a voltage or current induced by the primary coil. Using a flux sensor that also utilizes the fact that the current changes according to the magnetic flux passing through it, they are arranged perpendicularly, and the angle of the vehicle with respect to the terrestrial magnetism direction is determined from the combined output. You may make it detect. Further, a normal free rotating magnetic needle and a sensor (for example, an optical sensor) for detecting the direction of the magnetic needle may be provided, and the direction of the geomagnetic field may be detected based on the direction of the magnetic needle. By the means as described above, the angle between the traveling direction of the search vehicle and the geomagnetism is displayed on the radio wave direction detecting device 103, thereby forming a magnetic compass.
従って、 図 1 2 (A) 、 (B) に示すように前記地磁気検出器 1 0 1 によって、 例えば北方向 Nを検出し、 前記フラッ トアンテナ 1 0 0によ つて電波の発信方向 Hを検出し、 該探索自動車 6 7の進行方向 Zに対し ての表示を電波発信方位検出装置 1 0 3の表示部 1 0 5に表示する。 こ れによって、 該探索自動車 6 7は電波の発信方向を検知しながら携帯用 無線機 6 0の位置を探索できることになる。  Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the geomagnetic detector 101 detects, for example, the north direction N, and the flat antenna 100 detects the radio wave transmission direction H. Then, a display of the search vehicle 67 in the traveling direction Z is displayed on the display unit 105 of the radio wave transmission direction detecting device 103. As a result, the search vehicle 67 can search for the position of the portable wireless device 60 while detecting the transmission direction of the radio wave.
なお、 当然のことながら探索自動車 6 7には、 前記中央局 6 6によつ て検知された携帯用無線機 6 0の発信位置とその周辺の地図情報が、 前 記送受信機 9 6 , 1 0 4を介して送られ、 車内に設けられたディスプレ ィによって表示されている。  It should be noted that the transmitting location of the portable wireless device 60 detected by the central office 66 and the map information of the surrounding area are included in the searching vehicle 67, as a matter of course. Sent via 0,4 and displayed on the display provided inside the car.
また、 必要に応じて、 探索自動車 6 7の地理的位置を表示するため、 周知の G P S (G 1 0 b a 1 P o s i t i o n i n g S y s t em ) を設いた自己位置検出システムを搭載し、 前記ディスプレイに地図情 報と共に表示するのが好ましい。  Also, if necessary, a self-position detection system equipped with a well-known GPS (G10 ba1 Positioning System) is installed to display the geographical position of the search vehicle 67, and a map is displayed on the display. It is preferably displayed together with the information.
続いて、 前記携帯用無線機 6 0の動作を含めた第 2の実施例に係る電 波を用いた移動体の位置確認システムについて、 図 1 3を参照しながら 詳しく説明する。  Next, a mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to a second embodiment including the operation of the portable wireless device 60 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
まず、 呼び出そうとする携帯用無線機 6 0に設けられているラジオべ 一ジャー 6 1を電話器 9 9によって呼び出すと、 無線局 9 8から識別符 号を有する電波が発信され、 これによつてラジオページャ一 6 1の発光 ダイォード 7 9が点滅する。 First, when the radio pager 61 provided in the portable radio set 60 to be called is called by the telephone set 99, the identification code is sent from the radio station 98. A radio wave having a signal is transmitted, whereby the light emitting diode 79 of the radio pager 61 flashes.
これを光電素子 7 9が検知し、 信号変換部 7 3を介してマイクロコン ピュータ 7 0に信号が伝わるが、 携帯用無線機 6 0のマイクロコンピュ 一夕 7 0は、 2つの押しボタンスィッチ 8 1、 8 2からなる電波発信ス ィツチ 7 2が押されたか否を判断して (ステップ 3 0 0 ) 、 該電波発信 スィッチ 7 2が作動されていないことを確認し、 前記ラジオページャ一 6 1からの信号を確認して (ステップ 3 0 1 ) 、 特定の識別符号を有す る電波を送信部 6 9から送信する (ステップ 3 0 2 ) 。 ここで、 前記電 波発信スィツチ 7 2を作動させている場合には、 前記ラジオページャ一 6 1からの信号とは、 独立に電波を発信することになる。 次に前記識別 符号を含む電波は、 比較的短い時間の電波を使用し、 電波発信と同時に 前記作動ランプ 7 1が点灯する。 前記送信部 6 9を起動させた後は、 携 帯用無線機 6 0は直ちに、 最初の起動状態に戻って次の指示を待つこと になる。  This is detected by the photoelectric element 79, and a signal is transmitted to the microcomputer 70 through the signal conversion unit 73.The microcomputer 70 of the portable wireless device 60 has two push-button switches 8 It is determined whether or not the radio wave transmitting switch 72 composed of the radio wave transmitting switch 72 is depressed (step 300), and it is confirmed that the radio wave transmitting switch 72 is not operated. After confirming the signal from the transmitter (step 301), a radio wave having a specific identification code is transmitted from the transmitter 69 (step 302). Here, when the radio wave transmission switch 72 is operated, radio waves are transmitted independently of the signal from the radio pager 61. Next, as the radio wave including the identification code, a radio wave of a relatively short time is used, and the operation lamp 71 is turned on at the same time when the radio wave is transmitted. After activating the transmission unit 69, the portable radio 60 immediately returns to the initial activation state and waits for the next instruction.
一方、 前記携帯用無線機 6 0からの信号を受けた固定局 6 2〜6 5は 、 まず無指向性アンテナ 8 3、 I D用受信機 8 4によって到来電波の識 別符号を検知し (ステップ 3 0 3 ) 、 アドコック ·アンテナ 8 5及び方 位測定ュニッ ト 8 6によって電波の発信方向を検知する (ステップ 3 0 4 )  On the other hand, the fixed stations 62 to 65 receiving the signal from the portable wireless device 60 first detect the identification code of the incoming radio wave by the omnidirectional antenna 83 and the ID receiver 84 (step 3 0 3), Detecting the direction of radio wave transmission by Adcock antenna 85 and position measurement unit 86 (step 304)
そして、 これらの情報をモデム 8 7、 8 8を介して中央局 6 6に伝送 する (ステップ 3 0 5 ) 。 中央局 6 6の制御用コンピュー夕 8 9は、 携 帯用無線機 6 0の電波が含む識別符号を確認して、 その人あるいは物の 特定を行い (ステップ 3 0 6 ) 、 更には各固定局 6 2〜6 5の位置と検 出した方位信号から、 三角測量法の原理を応用して、 その位置を演算す る (ステップ 3 0 7 ) 。 Then, this information is transmitted to the central office 66 via the modems 87 and 88 (step 305). The control computer 89 of the central office 66 checks the identification code included in the radio wave of the portable radio 60, identifies the person or the object (step 310), and further fixes each fixed object. From the positions of stations 62 to 65 and the detected azimuth signal, the position is calculated by applying the principle of triangulation. (Step 307).
次に、 探索用自動車 6 7に、 送受信機 9 6から信号を送って、 前記携 帯用無線機 6 0の概略位置と、 その周辺の地図情報及び携帯用無線機 6 0を携行した者、 あるいは物品の個別情報を送る (ステップ 3 0 8 ) 。 ここで、 個別情報とは、 人の場合には、 性別、 年齢、 写真、 血液型等を いい、 物の場合には該携帯用無線機を装着した物品等をいう。 そして、 これらの情報は、 中央局 6 6のディスプレイに表示される情報には、 前 記携帯用無線機 6 0からの送信がラジオページャ一 6 1によるものかあ るいは電波発信スィツチの作動によるものかを示す電波発信モードを同 時に表示する。  Next, a signal is sent from the transceiver 96 to the search vehicle 67, and a person who carries the approximate position of the portable wireless device 60, map information around the portable wireless device 60, and the portable wireless device 60, Alternatively, the individual information of the article is sent (Step 308). Here, the individual information refers to gender, age, photograph, blood type and the like in the case of a person, and refers to an article or the like equipped with the portable wireless device in the case of a thing. The information displayed on the display of the central office 66 includes the information transmitted from the portable radio 60 by the radio pager 61 or the operation of the radio transmission switch. The radio wave transmission mode that indicates the object is displayed at the same time.
前記情報を受けた探索用自動車 6 7は、 前記情報と必要な場合には、 中央局 6 6に連絡を取り、 電話回線によってラジオページャ一 6 1を作 動させ、 携帯用無線機 6 0から電波を発信させて、 前記フラッ トアンテ ナ 1 0 0、 地磁気検出器 1 0 1及び電波発信方位検出装置 1 0 3を用い て、 携帯用無線機 6 0の正確な位置を探索する (ステップ 3 0 9 ) 。 なお、 前記光信号の他に、 呼出し手段の一例である特有なブザー音 ( ベル音) あるいは振動を感知し、 これを起動信号として携帯用無線機を 作動させるようにしても良い。  The search vehicle 67 receiving the information contacts the central office 66 when necessary, and activates the radio pager 61 via a telephone line, so that the portable radio 60 A radio wave is transmitted, and the accurate position of the portable radio device 60 is searched for using the flat antenna 100, the geomagnetic detector 101, and the radio wave direction detection device 103 (step 30). 9). In addition, in addition to the optical signal, a specific buzzer sound (bell sound) or vibration, which is an example of a calling means, may be detected, and the portable signal may be activated using this as a start signal.
また、 携帯用無線機に設けられているアンテナはそれぞれ該携帯用無 線機から突出していたが、 周知の小型アンテナ (例えば、 ループアンテ ナ、 短縮型ロッ ドアンテナ) を用いて前記アンテナを内蔵させることも 可能である。  In addition, the antennas provided in the portable wireless device each protrude from the portable wireless device. However, the antenna is built in using a known small antenna (for example, a loop antenna, a shortened rod antenna). It is also possible.
そして、 更には前記電波を用いた移動体の位置確認システムに加えて 、 例えば、 指向性アンテナ (即ち、 電波探知機) を有する人等によって 、 電波を発信した携帯用無線機の位置を追跡検索することも当然可能で あり、 この場合、 携帯用無線機の電波が停止した場合には、 再度、 所定 の電話呼出しを行ってラジオページャ一を呼出し、 携帯用無線機から電 波を発射させることができ、 これによつて、 確実に携帯用無線機を携帯 した人あるいは物の位置を探すことができる。 Further, in addition to the mobile object position confirmation system using the radio waves, for example, a person having a directional antenna (that is, a radio wave detector) tracks the position of the portable radio device that transmitted the radio waves. Of course you can Yes, in this case, when the radio wave of the portable radio is stopped, a predetermined telephone call can be made again to call the radio pager, and the radio can be emitted from the portable radio. Thus, the position of the person or object carrying the portable radio can be reliably searched.
更には、 ラジオページャ一は間違い電話によつて作動する場合もある ので、 中央局の電話器によってのみラジォページャ一を呼び出すことと し、 前記電話器によってラジオべ一ジャーを呼び出した場合には、 その 情報を記憶し、 該記憶された情報と、 ラジオページャ一を作動すること による携帯用無線機からの電波の発信が一致しない場合には、 間違い電 話として処理するのが好ましい。  Furthermore, since the radio pager may be activated by a wrong telephone, the radio pager should be called only by the telephone of the central office, and if the radio pager is called by the telephone, If the information is stored, and the stored information does not match the transmission of the radio wave from the portable wireless device by operating the radio pager, it is preferable to process it as an incorrect call.
前記電波方位検知手段としては、 ロー夕リーエンコーダ及びローテ一 夕を備える単一指向性アンテナ (例えば、 八木アンテナ) 、 前記ドプラ 式方位検知手段の他に、 直交わく型アンテナとゴニォメータを用いるベ リニトシアンテナ等であっても本発明は適用される。 また、 前記中央局 が前記固定局の一^ ^を兼用する場合も本発明は適用される。  The radio wave direction detecting means includes a unidirectional antenna (for example, a Yagi antenna) having a low frequency encoder and a low speed sensor, and a vernier using an orthogonal frame antenna and a goniometer in addition to the Doppler direction detecting means. The present invention is applied to a toshi antenna and the like. In addition, the present invention is applied to a case where the central office also serves as one of the fixed stations.
なお、 以上の実施例においては、 小型無線機として携帯用無線機を例 に挙げて説明したが、 小型無線機には車載用の小型無線機も含まれ、 自 動車、 二輪車等に該車載用の無線機を搭載しておき、 ラジオページャ一 を使用して該小型無線機から電波を発信させ、 その場所を探知する場合 も本発明は適用される。  In the above embodiments, the portable radio was described as an example of the small radio, but the small radio also includes a small radio for in-vehicle use. The present invention is also applicable to a case where the radio device is mounted, and a radio pager is used to transmit radio waves from the small radio device to detect the location.
そして、 前記それぞれの実施例においては、 ラジオページャ一は外側 から見える構造としたが、 小型無線機の内部に収納した場合も本発明は 適用され、 この場合、 外側ケースは電波の通過性の良いプラスチックに よって構成するのが好ましい。  In each of the embodiments, the radio pager has a structure that can be seen from the outside. However, the present invention is also applicable to a case where the radio pager is housed inside a small wireless device. In this case, the outer case has good radio wave permeability. It is preferred to be made of plastic.
「産業上の利用可能性」 本発明に係る電波を用いた移動体の位置確認システムにおいては、 予 め、 所定のラジオペ一ジャーを小型無線機のラジオペ一ジャ一収納部に 装着した状態で、 人あるいは物に携行させ、 電話回線の選局指示によつ て、 前記ラジオページャ一を作動させ、 小型無線機から識別符号を含む 電波を送信させるようにしているので、 従来のラジオページャ一を分解 あるいは改造することなくそのままに利用でき、 更には呼出信号を送信 するための新たな電波を使用することがないので、 電波の有効利用が促 進される。 "Industrial applicability" In the mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to the present invention, a predetermined radio pager is mounted on the radio pager storage section of a small radio, and is carried by a person or an object. The radio pager is actuated according to a channel selection instruction, and a radio wave including an identification code is transmitted from the small radio, so that the conventional radio pager is not disassembled or modified without any modification. It can be used, and there is no need to use a new radio wave for transmitting the calling signal, so that effective use of the radio wave is promoted.
そして、 該小型無線機を人に携帯させて電波発信スィツチを操作する ことも可能であり、 これによつて、 その位置を検索し、 中央局でその発 信位置を地図情報と共に表示しているので、 迅速な救助を行うことがで き、 更に捜索中に小型無線機の位置が分からなくなった場合には、 再度 電話回線を使用してラジオべ一ジャーを作動させ、 電波を発信させてそ の位置を確認することもできる。  It is also possible to operate the radio transmission switch by carrying the small radio to a person, whereby the location is searched, and the transmission location is displayed together with map information at the central office. Therefore, a quick rescue operation can be performed, and if the position of the small radio is lost during a search, the radio gauge is activated again using the telephone line to transmit radio waves, and You can also check the position of.
また、 電波の発信がラジオページャ一の作動によるものか、 あるいは 電波発信スィツチによるものかを区別する電波送信モードを区別して出 力するようにしているので、 緊急な救助活動を行う必要があるか否か、 あるいは電波の送信が間違い電話等による誤動作も確認できる。  In addition, since the radio wave transmission mode that distinguishes whether the radio wave transmission is due to the operation of the radio pager or the radio wave transmission switch is output, it is necessary to perform emergency rescue activities. No, or the transmission of the radio wave is wrong.
更には、 該小型無線機を自動車等に装着しておくことによって、 その 位置を確認でき、 盗難車等の探知を行うこともできる。  Further, by mounting the small wireless device on a car or the like, the position can be confirmed and a stolen vehicle or the like can be detected.

Claims

請 求 の 範 囲 The scope of the claims
1 . 光を含む呼出手段を有するラジオページャ一を取り外し可能に収納 する収納部、 電波発信スィッチ、 及び前記呼出手段あるいは前記電波発 信スィツチの作動によって識別符号を含む特定周波数の電波を発信する 送信部を有する小型無線機と、 前記小型無線機から発射される電波の発 信方向を検知する電波方位検知手段を備える 3以上の固定局と、 前記固 定局に対して有線回線あるいは無線回線によって連繫されたコンピュー 夕を備える中央局とを有し、 1. A storage section for removably storing a radio pager having a calling means including light, a radio wave transmitting switch, and transmitting a radio wave of a specific frequency including an identification code by operation of the calling means or the radio wave transmitting switch. A small wireless device having a communication unit, three or more fixed stations including a radio wave direction detecting means for detecting a transmission direction of a radio wave emitted from the small wireless device, and a wired or wireless line connected to the fixed station. A central office with a computer
電話回線を通じて前記小型無線機の収納部に収納された前記ラジオべ —ジャーを呼出し、 該ラジオページャ一の前記呼出手段の光を検出する ことにより、 前記小型無線機を作動させて、 識別符号を含む特定周波数 の電波を発信させ、  By calling the radio pager stored in the storage section of the small radio through a telephone line and detecting the light of the calling means of the radio pager, the small radio is operated and the identification code is set. Radio waves of specific frequencies including
または、 前記電波発信スィッチを作動させることにより、 識別符号を 含む特定周波数の電波を前記携帯型無線機から発信させ、  Or, by activating the radio transmission switch, radio waves of a specific frequency including an identification code are transmitted from the portable wireless device,
前記固定局の電波方位検知手段によって電波が発信された前記小型無 線機の方位を検出し、 該方位情報を基にして前記コンピュータによって 前記小型無線機の位置、 その周辺の地図情報、 および送信電波が前記ラ ジオペ一ジャーからの信号によるものかあるいは前記電波発信スィツチ の作動によるものかを区別して表示する電波発信モードを出力すること を特徴とする電波を用いた移動体の位置確認システム。  The azimuth of the small radio device from which radio waves are transmitted is detected by the radio azimuth detecting means of the fixed station. A position confirmation system for a mobile object using a radio wave, which outputs a radio wave transmission mode for displaying whether a radio wave is generated by a signal from the radio pager or an operation of the radio wave transmission switch.
2 . 前記小型無線機に他の小型無線機からの同一周波数の電波信号を受 信する受信部を設け、 該受信部が前記他の小型無線機からの電波信号を 受信した場合には、 該小型無線機の同一周波数による電波信号の送信を 停止させ、 該受信部が前記他の小型無線機からの電波信号を受信してい なレ、場合にのみ該小型無線機から同一周波数の電波信号を送信できるよ うにしたことを特徴とする請求項 1記載の電波を用いた移動体の位置確 システム。 2. The small radio is provided with a receiving unit for receiving a radio signal of the same frequency from another small radio, and when the receiving unit receives a radio signal from the other small radio, The transmission of the radio signal at the same frequency of the small radio is stopped, and the reception unit receives the radio signal from the other small radio. 2. The system for locating a mobile object using radio waves according to claim 1, wherein a radio signal of the same frequency can be transmitted from said small radio device only in said case.
3 . 前記電波方位検知手段は、 多数のエレメン トを電子接点によって高 速で切り換える走査型アンテナである請求項 1記載の電波を用いた移動 体の位置確認システム。  3. The system for confirming the position of a mobile object using radio waves according to claim 1, wherein the radio wave direction detection means is a scanning antenna that switches a large number of elements at high speed by electronic contacts.
4 . 前記コンピュータによって前記小型無線機の位置を検知した後、 更 に、 地磁気を利用したコンパス、 固定型の電波方位測定手段、 及び前記 中央局との無線による連絡手段を備えた探索自動車にて、 前記小型無線 機の正確な位置を検知する請求項 1記載の電波を用いた移動体の位置確 認システム。  4. After the position of the small radio device is detected by the computer, furthermore, by a search vehicle equipped with a compass using geomagnetism, a fixed type radio wave direction measuring device, and a radio communication device with the central station. The mobile object position confirmation system using radio waves according to claim 1, wherein an accurate position of the small wireless device is detected.
5 . 前記固定局の一"" ^が前記中央局を兼用する請求項 1記載の電波を用 いた移動体の位置確認システム。  5. The system according to claim 1, wherein one of the fixed stations also serves as the central station.
PCT/JP1993/001223 1992-08-31 1993-08-30 Position confirmation system of moving body using radio wave WO1994006221A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU49819/93A AU4981993A (en) 1992-08-31 1993-08-30 Position confirmation system of moving body using radio wave

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4/257283 1992-08-31
JP4257283A JP2544282B2 (en) 1992-08-31 1992-08-31 Position confirmation system for mobiles using radio waves
JP4332367A JPH06164475A (en) 1992-11-17 1992-11-17 Position confirming system for moving body using radio wave
JP4/332367 1992-11-17
JP5062827A JPH06252832A (en) 1993-02-26 1993-02-26 Position confirmation system of mobile body using radio wave
JP5/62827 1993-02-26

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Cited By (11)

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WO1996036193A1 (en) * 1995-05-10 1996-11-14 Telecom Finland Oy Method for guiding a user of a mobile station of a cellular radio system both a service centre of a telecommunications system
US8994591B2 (en) 1996-09-09 2015-03-31 Tracbeam Llc Locating a mobile station and applications therefor
US9060341B2 (en) 1996-09-09 2015-06-16 Tracbeam, Llc System and method for hybriding wireless location techniques
US9134398B2 (en) 1996-09-09 2015-09-15 Tracbeam Llc Wireless location using network centric location estimators
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US9277525B2 (en) 1996-09-09 2016-03-01 Tracbeam, Llc Wireless location using location estimators
US10641861B2 (en) 2000-06-02 2020-05-05 Dennis J. Dupray Services and applications for a communications network
US10684350B2 (en) 2000-06-02 2020-06-16 Tracbeam Llc Services and applications for a communications network
US9875492B2 (en) 2001-05-22 2018-01-23 Dennis J. Dupray Real estate transaction system
US11610241B2 (en) 2001-05-22 2023-03-21 Mobile Maven Llc Real estate transaction system
US10849089B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2020-11-24 Finetrak, Llc Resource allocation according to geolocation of mobile communication units

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AU4981993A (en) 1994-03-29
KR940006358A (en) 1994-03-23

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