WO1993021386A1 - Process and device for dampening vibrations in rails - Google Patents

Process and device for dampening vibrations in rails Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993021386A1
WO1993021386A1 PCT/EP1993/000914 EP9300914W WO9321386A1 WO 1993021386 A1 WO1993021386 A1 WO 1993021386A1 EP 9300914 W EP9300914 W EP 9300914W WO 9321386 A1 WO9321386 A1 WO 9321386A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vibrations
rails
track part
damping
layers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1993/000914
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sebastian Benenowski
Uwe Schepp
Original Assignee
Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh filed Critical Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh
Priority to DE4391556A priority Critical patent/DE4391556C1/en
Priority to DE4391556D priority patent/DE4391556D2/en
Publication of WO1993021386A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993021386A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/005—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion using electro- or magnetostrictive actuation means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
    • E01B9/683—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material layered or composite

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for damping vibrations originating from track parts such as rails, wherein the track part via gfls. Intermediate layers and / or at least one ribbed plate is attached to a track support such as a threshold.
  • Track parts such as rails are subjected to bending when driven onto vehicles. This results in deflections which cause vibrations in the rails, which depend on the speed at which the vehicles or a train moves over the rail.
  • the rail vibrations not only cause noise pollution but can also cause damage to the superstructure or in particular to the axles and wheels of the vehicles.
  • vibrations are damped in the superstructure by means of elastic intermediate layers (DE 39 37 086 AI).
  • piezoceramic elements are used for vibration damping (DE 39 39 822 AI, US 50 97 171, US 45 95 515, US 49 40 914, SU 947 934).
  • the invention is based on the problem of developing a device for damping the vibrations of track parts used.
  • At least one electromechanical actuator acts as a damping means between the respective track part and the track support is arranged, which is connected to an amplifier, the input of which is acted upon by a signal which is generated by a sensor which detects the rail vibrations.
  • an active vibration damping can be achieved by the electromechanical actuator causing bending stresses in the respective rail, the bending stresses generated by the vehicles of a train being opposed, so that the deflections are lower overall.
  • the actuator is a piezoelectric spring in sandwich construction, which consists of several layers of metal foils with layers of piezoelectric amic arranged therebetween. Such an actuator takes up little space perpendicular to the planes of the layers of metal foils.
  • the metal foils are preferably made of copper and have a thickness of approximately 0.1 mm.
  • the piezoceramic layers are in particular about 0.3 mm thick.
  • a piezoelectric spring in sandwich construction is arranged between the respective track part and the track support, which consists of several layers of metal foils with layers of piezoceramic arranged in between, the outputs of the piezoelectric spring with at least connected to a resistor.
  • the piezoelectric spring acts as a passive damping means.
  • the vibration energy in the rail which acts on the piezoelectric spring, generates electrical voltages at the connections due to the deformation of the spring.
  • the voltages drive currents through the resistor connected to the connections or via several resistors connected in parallel, whereby at least part of the vibrational energy is consumed.
  • the problem is solved according to the invention in that, by means of an electromechanical actuator, a bending stress is generated in the track part which is opposite to that caused by a bending stress generated by the vehicle traveling through the track part.
  • Fig. 1 shows the lower part of a rail at the support point on a
  • Fig. 2 shows part of a device for vibration damping on rails in the diagram.
  • the underside of the plate (12) rests on a piezoelectric spring (14) in a sandwich construction.
  • the Spring (14) consists of several layers (16), (18), (20), (22), (24), (26) 4 copper elements.
  • Layers (28), (30), (32), (34), (36) are located between layers (16), (18), (20), (22), (24) and (26) Piezoceramic.
  • the layers (16) to (26) are each about 0.1 mm thick.
  • the layers (28) to (36) are each 0.3 mm thick.
  • the underside of the spring (14) lies on an elastic plate (38) made of a material that dampens mechanical vibrations with low frequencies and large amplitudes well.
  • the underside of the plate (38) lies on a rib plate (40), as is used for the support of rails.
  • the ribbed plate (40) in turn lies on a threshold (42).
  • the layers (16), (20) and (24) are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by lines which are not described in any more detail.
  • the layers (18), (22) and (26) are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by lines, which are not described in any more detail.
  • the interconnected layers (16), (20), (24) are connected together by means of a line (44) to a connection (46) of a changeover switch (48).
  • the interconnected layers (18), (22), (26) are connected together by means of a line (50) to another connection (52) of the changeover switch (48).
  • the piezoelectric spring (14) forms an electromechanical actuator, which is denoted by (54) in FIG. 2.
  • the outputs of an amplifier (56) are connected to the changeover switch (48) and are connected on the input side to a sensor (58) which detects the vibrations emanating from the rail (10) when a train is traveling on a train.
  • the changeover switch (48) has further connections (60), (62) to which a resistor (64) is connected.
  • the amplifier (56) can be connected to a filter that is transparent to certain frequencies.
  • the sensor (58) emits the signals which are amplified in the amplifier (56) as a function of frequency.
  • the amplifier (56) and the filter (not shown in more detail), which is arranged, for example, in the feedback branch of the amplifier (56), are permeable in particular to higher-frequency signals.
  • the higher frequency vibrations in the rail (10) generally have smaller amplitudes.
  • the output signals of the amplifier (56) pass through the switch (48) to the actuator (54), which converts the signals into mechanical movements. These mechanical movements act on the rail (10) via the spring (14) in such a way that they dampen the bending vibrations and thus the sound vibrations. While the plates (12), (38) passively dampen the vibrations, the springs (14) are part of a control arrangement with which the vibrations are actively damped.
  • Passive vibration damping can also be achieved with the piezoelectric spring (14).
  • the lines (44), (50) are connected via the changeover switch (48) not to the amplifier (56) but to the resistor (64).
  • the bending vibrations of the rail (10) cause changes in strength in the spring (14), as a result of which stresses arise at the conductive layers (16) to (26).
  • These voltages drive currents through the resistor (64), in which current-heat losses occur, through which vibrational energy is consumed. This dampens the bending vibrations, especially those with higher frequencies and smaller amplitudes.

Abstract

A device is disclosed for dampening vibrations in rails (10). Elastic plates (12, 38) and electromechanical actuators (54) are arranged between the rails (10) and ribbed plates (40) which lie on the sleepers (42). The actuators (54) are connected to amplifiers whose input is linked to sensors that detect the vibrations in the rail.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Dämpfung der Schwingungen von SchienenMethod and device for damping the vibrations of rails
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Dämpfung von von Gleisteilen wie Schienen stammenden Schwingungen, wobei das Gleisteil über gfls. Zwischenlagen und/oder zumindest eine Rippenplatte auf einer Gleisunterstützung wie Schwelle befestigt ist.The invention relates to a method and a device for damping vibrations originating from track parts such as rails, wherein the track part via gfls. Intermediate layers and / or at least one ribbed plate is attached to a track support such as a threshold.
Gleisteile wie Schienen werden beim Befahren mit Fahrzeugen auf Biegung beansprucht. Hierdurch entstehen Durchbiegungen, die in den Schienen Schwingun¬ gen hervorrufen, die von der Geschwindigkeit abhängen, mit der sich die Fahrzeuge bzw. ein Zug über die Schiene bewegt. Die Schienenschwingungen verursachen nicht nur eine Geräuschbelästigung sondern können auch zu Schädigungen am Oberbau bzw. insbesondere an Achsen und Rädern der Fahrzeuge hervorrufen.Track parts such as rails are subjected to bending when driven onto vehicles. This results in deflections which cause vibrations in the rails, which depend on the speed at which the vehicles or a train moves over the rail. The rail vibrations not only cause noise pollution but can also cause damage to the superstructure or in particular to the axles and wheels of the vehicles.
Nach dem Stand der Technik werden im Oberbau Schwingungen mittels elastischer Zwischenlagen gedämpft (DE 39 37 086 AI).According to the prior art, vibrations are damped in the superstructure by means of elastic intermediate layers (DE 39 37 086 AI).
In anderen Gebieten der Technik, insbesondere im Maschinen- und Fahrzeugbau werden piezokeramische Elemente zur Schwingungsdämpfung verwendet (DE 39 39 822 AI, US 50 97 171, US 45 95 515, US 49 40 914, SU 947 934).In other areas of technology, in particular in machine and vehicle construction, piezoceramic elements are used for vibration damping (DE 39 39 822 AI, US 50 97 171, US 45 95 515, US 49 40 914, SU 947 934).
Der Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Dämpfung der Schwingungen von befahrenen Gleisteilen zu entwickeln.The invention is based on the problem of developing a device for damping the vibrations of track parts used.
Das Problem wird bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß zwischen dem jeweiligen Gleisteil und der Gleisunterstützung als Dämpfungsmittel wenigstens ein elektromechanischer Aktor angeordnet ist, der an einen Verstärker angeschlossen ist, dessen Eingang von einem Signal beaufschlagt wird, das von einem die Schienenschwingungen erfassenden Sensor erzeugt wird.The problem is solved according to the invention in a device of the type described in the introduction in that at least one electromechanical actuator acts as a damping means between the respective track part and the track support is arranged, which is connected to an amplifier, the input of which is acted upon by a signal which is generated by a sensor which detects the rail vibrations.
Mit dieser Vorrichtung läßt sich eine aktive Schwingungsdämpmng erreichen, indem der elektromechanische Aktor in der jeweiligen Schiene Biegebeanspruchungen hervorruft, die von den Fahrzeugen eines Zuges erzeugten Biegebeanspruchungen entgegengerichtet sind, so daß die Durchbiegungen insgesamt geringer sind.With this device, an active vibration damping can be achieved by the electromechanical actuator causing bending stresses in the respective rail, the bending stresses generated by the vehicles of a train being opposed, so that the deflections are lower overall.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Aktor eine piezoelektrische Feder in Sandwich-Bauweise, die aus mehreren Lagen Metallfolien mit dazwischen angeordneten Schichten aus Piezoke amik besteht. Ein derartiger Aktor be¬ ansprucht wenig Raum senkrecht zu den Ebenen der Lagen aus Metallfolien. Die Metallfolien bestehen vorzugsweise aus Kupfer und haben eine Stärke von etwa 0,1 mm. Die piezokeramischen Schichten sind insbesondere etwa 0,3 mm stark.In a preferred embodiment, the actuator is a piezoelectric spring in sandwich construction, which consists of several layers of metal foils with layers of piezoelectric amic arranged therebetween. Such an actuator takes up little space perpendicular to the planes of the layers of metal foils. The metal foils are preferably made of copper and have a thickness of approximately 0.1 mm. The piezoceramic layers are in particular about 0.3 mm thick.
Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn zwischen der Unterseite des Gleisteils und der Oberseite der piezoelektrischen Feder und zwischen der Unterseite der piezoelektrischen Feder und der Oberseite einer Unterlage wie Schwelle oder Rippenplatte jeweils elastische Platten zur. Dämpfung niedriger Frequenzen mit hohen Amplituden angeordnet sind. Während die piezoelektrische Feder vorwiegend höherfrequente Schwingungen dämpft, werden durch die elastischen Platten Schwingungen mit niedrigeren Frequenzen gedämpft.It is useful if between the underside of the track part and the top of the piezoelectric spring and between the bottom of the piezoelectric spring and the top of a base such as a threshold or ribbed plate for elastic plates. Attenuation of low frequencies with high amplitudes are arranged. While the piezoelectric spring mainly dampens higher-frequency vibrations, vibrations with lower frequencies are dampened by the elastic plates.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform, die einen eigenständigen erfinderischen Gehalt hat, ist zwischen dem jeweiligen Gleisteil und der Gleisunterstützung eine piezoelektrische Feder in Sandwich-Bauweise angeordnet, die aus mehreren Lagen Metallfolien mit dazwischen angeordneten Schichten aus Piezokeramik besteht, wobei die Ausgänge der piezoelektrischen Feder mit wenigstens einem Widerstand verbunden sind. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wirkt die piezoelektrische Feder als passives Dämpfungsmittel. Die Schwingungsenergie in der Schiene, die auf die piezoelek¬ trische Feder einwirkt, erzeugt durch die Verformung der Feder elektrische Spannungen an den Anschlüssen. Die Spannungen treiben Ströme über den mit den Anschlüssen verbundenen Widerstand bzw. über mehrere parallel geschaltete Widerstände, wodurch mindestens ein Teil der Schwingungsenergie aufgezehrt wird.In a preferred embodiment, which has an independent inventive content, a piezoelectric spring in sandwich construction is arranged between the respective track part and the track support, which consists of several layers of metal foils with layers of piezoceramic arranged in between, the outputs of the piezoelectric spring with at least connected to a resistor. In this embodiment, the piezoelectric spring acts as a passive damping means. The vibration energy in the rail, which acts on the piezoelectric spring, generates electrical voltages at the connections due to the deformation of the spring. The voltages drive currents through the resistor connected to the connections or via several resistors connected in parallel, whereby at least part of the vibrational energy is consumed.
Verfahrensmäßig wird das Problem erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß mittels eines elektromechanischen Aktors im Gleisteil eine Biegebeanspruchung erzeugt wird, die derjenigen entgegengerichtet ist, die von einem das Gleisteil durch¬ fahrenden Fahrzeug erzeugter Biegebeanspruchung hervorgerufen wird.In terms of the method, the problem is solved according to the invention in that, by means of an electromechanical actuator, a bending stress is generated in the track part which is opposite to that caused by a bending stress generated by the vehicle traveling through the track part.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich nicht nur aus den Ansprüchen, den diesen zu entnehmenden Merkmalen -für sich und/oder in Kombination-, sondern auch aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines in einer Zeichnung dargestellten, bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels.Further details, features and advantages of the invention result not only from the claims, the features to be extracted from them - individually and / or in combination - but also from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment shown in a drawing.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 den unteren Teil einer Schiene an der Auflagestelle auf einerFig. 1 shows the lower part of a rail at the support point on a
Schwelle mit einer Vorrichtung zur Schwingungsdämpfung im Längsschnitt undThreshold with a device for vibration damping in longitudinal section and
Fig. 2 einen Teil einer Vorrichtung zur Schwingungsdämpfung an Schienen im Schema.Fig. 2 shows part of a device for vibration damping on rails in the diagram.
Ein Gleisteil in Form einer Schiene (10), deren unteres Teil in Fig. 1 im Längs¬ schnitt dargestellt ist, ist mit ihrer Unterseite auf einer elastischen Platte (12) gelagert, die aus einem Material besteht, das mechanische Schwingungen mit niedrigen Frequenzen und großen Amplituden gut dämpft. Die Platte (12) liegt mit ihrer Unterseite auf einer piezoelektrischen Feder (14) in Sandwich-Bauweise. Die Feder (14) besteht aus mehreren Lagen (16), (18), (20), (22), (24), (26)4 Kupf- erfölie. Zwischen den Lagen (16), (18), (20), (22), (24) und (26) befinden sich jeweils Schichten (28), (30), (32), (34), (36) aus Piezokeramik. Die Lagen (16) bis (26) sind jeweils etwa 0,1 mm stark. Die Schichten (28) bis (36) sind jeweils 0,3 mm stark.The underside of a track part in the form of a rail (10), the lower part of which is shown in longitudinal section in FIG dampens large amplitudes well. The underside of the plate (12) rests on a piezoelectric spring (14) in a sandwich construction. The Spring (14) consists of several layers (16), (18), (20), (22), (24), (26) 4 copper elements. Layers (28), (30), (32), (34), (36) are located between layers (16), (18), (20), (22), (24) and (26) Piezoceramic. The layers (16) to (26) are each about 0.1 mm thick. The layers (28) to (36) are each 0.3 mm thick.
Die Unterseite der Feder (14) liegt auf einer elastischen Platte (38), die aus einem Material besteht, das mechanische Schwingungen mit niedrigen Frequenzen und großen Amplituden gut dämpft. Die Unterseite der Platte (38) liegt auf einer Rippenplatte (40), wie sie für die Auflage von Schienen verwendet wird. Die Rippenplatte (40) liegt wiederum auf einer Schwelle (42).The underside of the spring (14) lies on an elastic plate (38) made of a material that dampens mechanical vibrations with low frequencies and large amplitudes well. The underside of the plate (38) lies on a rib plate (40), as is used for the support of rails. The ribbed plate (40) in turn lies on a threshold (42).
Die Lagen (16), (20) und (24) sind durch nicht näher bezeichnete Leitungen miteinander elektrisch leitend verbunden. Ebenso sind die Lagen (18), (22) und (26) durch nicht näher bezeichnete Leitungen elektrisch leitend miteinander verbunden. Die miteinander verbundenen Lagen (16), (20), (24) sind mittels einer Leitung (44) gemeinsam an einen Anschluß (46) eines Umschalters (48) gelegt. Die miteinander verbundenen Lagen (18), (22), (26) sind mittels einer Leitung (50) gemeinsam an einen anderen Anschluß (52) des Umschalters (48) angeschlossen.The layers (16), (20) and (24) are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by lines which are not described in any more detail. Likewise, the layers (18), (22) and (26) are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by lines, which are not described in any more detail. The interconnected layers (16), (20), (24) are connected together by means of a line (44) to a connection (46) of a changeover switch (48). The interconnected layers (18), (22), (26) are connected together by means of a line (50) to another connection (52) of the changeover switch (48).
Die piezoelektrische Feder (14) bildet einen elektromechanischen Aktor, der in Fig. 2 mit (54) bezeichnet ist. Mit dem Umschalter (48) sind die Ausgänge eines Verstärkers (56) verbunden, der eingangsseitig an einen Sensor (58) angeschlossen ist, der die von der Schiene (10) beim Befahren mit Wagen eines Zuges ausgehen¬ den Schwingungen erfaßt. Der Umschalter (48) weist weitere Anschlüsse (60), (62) auf, an die ein Widerstand (64) angeschlossen ist. Der Verstärker (56) kann mit einem Filter verbunden sein, das für bestimmte Frequenzen durchlässig ist.The piezoelectric spring (14) forms an electromechanical actuator, which is denoted by (54) in FIG. 2. The outputs of an amplifier (56) are connected to the changeover switch (48) and are connected on the input side to a sensor (58) which detects the vibrations emanating from the rail (10) when a train is traveling on a train. The changeover switch (48) has further connections (60), (62) to which a resistor (64) is connected. The amplifier (56) can be connected to a filter that is transparent to certain frequencies.
Wenn ein Fahrzeug auf der Schiene (10) fährt, entstehen in ihr Biegebean¬ spruchungen, deren Höhe und Lage sich in Abhängigkeit von der Lage der auf ihr abrollenden Räder ändert. Hierdurch werden mechanische Schwingungen verursacht. Die mechanischen Schwingungen mit niedriger Frequenz und großen Amplituden werden von den Platten (12), (38) zum größten Teil absorbiert und somit stark gedämpft. Der Sensor (58) gibt bei Beaufschlagung mit den Schall¬ schwingungen die Signale ab, die im Verstärker (56) frequenzabhängig verstärkt werden. Der Verstärker (56) und das nicht näher dargestellte Filter, das zum Beispiel im Rückkopplungszweig des Verstärkers (56) angeordnet ist, sind insbesondere für höherfrequente Signale durchlässig. Die höherfrequenten Schwingungen in der Schiene (10) haben im allgemeinen kleinere Amplituden.When a vehicle runs on the rail (10), bending stresses arise in it, the height and position of which changes depending on the position of the wheels rolling on it. This causes mechanical vibrations caused. The mechanical vibrations with low frequency and large amplitudes are largely absorbed by the plates (12), (38) and thus strongly damped. When the sound vibrations are applied, the sensor (58) emits the signals which are amplified in the amplifier (56) as a function of frequency. The amplifier (56) and the filter (not shown in more detail), which is arranged, for example, in the feedback branch of the amplifier (56), are permeable in particular to higher-frequency signals. The higher frequency vibrations in the rail (10) generally have smaller amplitudes.
Die Ausgangssignale des Verstärkers (56) gelangen über den Umschalter (48) zum Aktor (54), der die Signale in mechanische Bewegungen umsetzt. Diese mechani¬ schen Bewegungen wirken über die Feder (14) so auf die Schiene (10) ein, daß sie die Biegeschwingungen und damit die Schallschwingungen dämpfen. Während die Platten (12), (38) die Schwingungen passiv dämpfen, sind die Federn (14) Teil einer Steueranordnung, mit der die Schwingungen aktiv gedämpft werden.The output signals of the amplifier (56) pass through the switch (48) to the actuator (54), which converts the signals into mechanical movements. These mechanical movements act on the rail (10) via the spring (14) in such a way that they dampen the bending vibrations and thus the sound vibrations. While the plates (12), (38) passively dampen the vibrations, the springs (14) are part of a control arrangement with which the vibrations are actively damped.
Mit der piezoelektrischen Feder (14) kann aber auch eine passive Schwingungs¬ dämpfung erzielt werden. Hierzu werden die Leitungen (44), (50) über den Umschalter (48) nicht an den Verstärker (56), sondern an den Widerstand (64) angeschlossen. Die Biegeschwingungen der Schiene (10) rufen in der Feder (14) Stärkeänderungen hervor, durch die an den leitenden Lagen (16) bis (26) Spannungen entstehen. Diese Spannungen treiben Ströme über den Widerstand (64), in dem Strom- Wärme- Verluste auftreten, durch die Schwingungsenergie aufgezehrt wird. Hierdurch werden die Biegeschwingungen, insbesondere diejenigen mit höheren Frequenzen und kleineren Amplituden, gedämpft. Passive vibration damping can also be achieved with the piezoelectric spring (14). For this purpose, the lines (44), (50) are connected via the changeover switch (48) not to the amplifier (56) but to the resistor (64). The bending vibrations of the rail (10) cause changes in strength in the spring (14), as a result of which stresses arise at the conductive layers (16) to (26). These voltages drive currents through the resistor (64), in which current-heat losses occur, through which vibrational energy is consumed. This dampens the bending vibrations, especially those with higher frequencies and smaller amplitudes.

Claims

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Dämpfung der Schwingungen von SchienenPatentansprüche Method and device for damping the vibrations of rails
1. Vorrichtung zur Dämpfung von von Gleisteilen wie Schienen stammenden Schwingungen, wobei das Gleisteil über Zwischenlagen und/oder zumindest eine Rippenplatte auf Schwellen befestigt ist, dadurch gekenzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Gleisteil (10) und der Schwelle (42) als Dämpfungsmittel wenigstens ein elekromechanischer Aktor (54) angeordnet ist, der an einen Verstärker (56) angeschlossen ist, dessen Eingang von einem Signal beaufschlagt wird, das von einem die Gleisteilschwingungen erfassenden Sensor (58) erzeugt wird.1. Device for damping vibrations originating from track parts such as rails, the track part being fastened to sleepers via intermediate layers and / or at least one ribbed plate, characterized in that at least one electromechanical between the track part (10) and the threshold (42) as damping means An actuator (54) is arranged, which is connected to an amplifier (56), the input of which is acted upon by a signal which is generated by a sensor (58) that detects the vibrations of the track part.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenzeichnet, daß der Aktor (54) eine piezoelektrische Feder (14) in Sandwich-Bauweise ist, die aus mehreren Lagen (16,- 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) von Metallfolien mit dazwischen angeordneten Schichten (28, 30, 32, 34, 36) aus Piezokeramik besteht.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (54) is a piezoelectric spring (14) in sandwich construction, which consists of several layers (16, - 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) of metal foils with in between arranged layers (28, 30, 32, 34, 36) consists of piezoceramic.
3. Vorrichtung zur Dämpfung von Gleisteilen wie Schienen stammenden Schwingungen, wobei das Gleisteil über Zwischenlagen und /oder zumindest eine Rippenplatte auf Schwellen befestigt ist, dadurch gekenzeichnet, daß zwischen dem jeweiligen Gleisteil (10) und der Schwelle (42) eine piezoelektrische Feder (14) in Sandwich-Bauweise angeordnet „ist, die aus mehreren Lagen (16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) von Metallfolien mit dazwischen angeordneten Schichten (28, 30, 32, 34, 36) aus Piezokeramik besteht, und daß die Ausgänge der piezoelektrischen Feder (14) mit wenigstens einem Widerstand (64) verbunden sind.3. Device for damping track parts such as vibrations originating from rails, the track part being fastened to sleepers via intermediate layers and / or at least one ribbed plate, characterized in that between the respective track part (10) and the threshold (42) is a piezoelectric spring (14 ) is arranged in a sandwich construction “, which consists of several layers (16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) of metal foils in between arranged layers (28, 30, 32, 34, 36) consists of piezoceramic, and that the outputs of the piezoelectric spring (14) are connected to at least one resistor (64).
4. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekenzeichnet, daß zwischen der Unterseite der Schiene (10) und der Oberseite der piezoelektrischen Feder (14) und zwischen der Unterseite der piezoelektrischen Feder (14) und der Oberseite der Rippenplatte (40) jeweils elastische Platten (12, 38) zur Dämpfung medriger Frequenzen mit hohen Amplituden angeordnet sind.4. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the underside of the rail (10) and the top of the piezoelectric spring (14) and between the underside of the piezoelectric spring (14) and the top of the ribbed plate (40) each elastic plates (12, 38) for damping medre frequencies with high amplitudes are arranged.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenzeichnet, daß der Verstärker (56) ein Filter aufweist oder mit einem Filter verbunden ist.5. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the amplifier (56) has a filter or is connected to a filter.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekenzeichnet, daß die Eingänge der piezoelektischen Feder (14) an einen Umschalter (48) angeschlossen sind, der jeweils mit dem Widerstand (64) und den Ausgängen des Verstärkers (56) verbundene Anschlüsse aufweist.6. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the inputs of the piezoelectric spring (14) are connected to a changeover switch (48), each of which is connected to the resistor (64) and the outputs of the amplifier (56) having.
7. Verfahren zur Dämpfung von von Gleisteilen wie Schienen stammenden Schwingungen, wobei das Gleisteil mittelbar oder unmittelbar auf einer Unterlage befestigt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mittels eines elektromechanischen Aktors im Gleisteil eine Biegebeanspruchung erzeugt wird, die derjenigen entgegengerichtet ist, die von einem das Gleisteil durchfahrenden Fahrzeug erzeugter Biegebeanspruchung hervorgerufen wird. 7. A method for damping vibrations originating from track parts such as rails, the track part being attached directly or indirectly to a base, characterized in that a bending stress is generated in the track part by means of an electromechanical actuator, which is opposed to that of one of the track part caused bending stress generated by the vehicle.
PCT/EP1993/000914 1992-04-16 1993-04-16 Process and device for dampening vibrations in rails WO1993021386A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4391556A DE4391556C1 (en) 1992-04-16 1993-04-16 Railway track oscillation damper using electromechanical actuators
DE4391556D DE4391556D2 (en) 1992-04-16 1993-04-16 Method and device for damping the vibrations of rails

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DE19924212782 DE4212782A1 (en) 1992-04-16 1992-04-16 Device for damping the vibrations of rails
DEP4212782.3 1992-04-16

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WO1997030226A1 (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-21 Lagoe Thomas Method of assembling rails and sleepers and track for trackbound vehicles
CN100336282C (en) * 2005-01-04 2007-09-05 西安交通大学 Method and system for piezoelectric power generation by using vibration energy of road system
CN102864713A (en) * 2012-08-30 2013-01-09 樊荣 Power generation pavement made of piezoelectric material

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DE102019127824A1 (en) * 2019-10-15 2021-04-15 Stabilus Gmbh System, method and support element for the active damping of acoustic vibrations of a rail for rail traffic
CN114278693A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-04-05 浙江天铁实业股份有限公司 Track damping pad of implanted monitoring

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WO1997030226A1 (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-21 Lagoe Thomas Method of assembling rails and sleepers and track for trackbound vehicles
US6234401B1 (en) 1996-02-13 2001-05-22 Lagoe Thomas Method of assembling rails and sleepers and track for trackbound vehicles
CN100336282C (en) * 2005-01-04 2007-09-05 西安交通大学 Method and system for piezoelectric power generation by using vibration energy of road system
CN102864713A (en) * 2012-08-30 2013-01-09 樊荣 Power generation pavement made of piezoelectric material

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DE4391556C1 (en) 1997-02-13
DE4212782A1 (en) 1993-10-21

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