WO1993021013A1 - Soft stretchable composite fabric - Google Patents
Soft stretchable composite fabric Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993021013A1 WO1993021013A1 PCT/US1992/003808 US9203808W WO9321013A1 WO 1993021013 A1 WO1993021013 A1 WO 1993021013A1 US 9203808 W US9203808 W US 9203808W WO 9321013 A1 WO9321013 A1 WO 9321013A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- porous film
- transverse direction
- fabric
- layer
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/10—Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
- A41D31/102—Waterproof and breathable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/12—Hygroscopic; Water retaining
- A41D31/125—Moisture handling or wicking function through layered materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/14—Air permeable, i.e. capable of being penetrated by gases
- A41D31/145—Air permeable, i.e. capable of being penetrated by gases using layered materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/18—Elastic
- A41D31/185—Elastic using layered materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/514—Oriented
- B32B2307/516—Oriented mono-axially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
Definitions
- This invention is related to stretchable layered composite fabrics, more particularly, to layered composite fabrics which provide barrier properties with water vapor permeability.
- Knitted fabrics are generally softer, more drapeable, offer less resistance to stretching and can be stretched without damage further than woven fabrics. These comfort related properties are very important considerations in the design and manufacture of many types of lightweight or close-fitting garments.
- Lightweight knitted fabrics have a relatively open construction, exhibit high air permeability and, consequently, have virtually no barrier properties such as windproofness or thermal insulation qualities. This severely limits the outdoor applications in colder weather without additional outer layers.
- This invention provides soft drapeable stretchable water- vapor-permeable layered composite materials having low tensile modulus in the transverse direction and having functional properties such as windproofness, water-vapor-permeability, weather resistance or waterproofness.
- tensile modulus it is meant the resistance of a material to be stretched or elongated. It is expressed herein in terms of the force (F) required to stretch or elongate the material a specified distance (D) .
- windproofness it is meant a low rate of permeability of air through the material. It is expressed herein in terms of the volume of air (cm ⁇ ) passing through a given area (cm 2 ) in a given time (min) under a given pressure drop (mm water pressure).
- the force to displacement (F/D) ratio as used herein is the ratio obtained by dividing the tensile force (expressed in Newtons) to stretch a 2.54 cm wide specimen to 1.25 times its original length (25% extension) by the displacement (expressed in centimeters) to reach 25% extension.
- Transverse direction is used herein to indicate the direction in the plane of manufacture perpendicular to the machine direction (direction of manufacture).
- the materials of the layers described herein are considered to be planar, defined by their length (machine direction) and width (transverse direction).
- the composite material of the invention can comprise a layer of porous film adhesively laminated to a layer of fabric; the porous film and the fabric each having, at 25% extension in the transverse direction, an F/D ratio per 2.54 cm width less than 3.5; and the composite material having an F/D ratio less than 9.0.
- Another embodiment of the composite material of the invention can comprise a layer of porous film to each side of which is adhesively laminated a layer of fabric; the porous film and the fabric each having, at 25% extension in the transverse direction, an F/D ratio less than 3.5; and the composite material having, at 25% extension in the transverse direction, an F/D ratio less than 9.0.
- porous is meant that the film has pores or voids from one side to the other.
- porous film of the embodiments above may be coated with a continuous substantially air-impermeable layer of hydrophilic water vapor-permeable polymer, e.g. a polyurethane, which prevents passage of liquid water through it, but has high water-vapor-permeabi1 ty.
- hydrophilic water vapor-permeable polymer e.g. a polyurethane
- the stretchable water-vapor-permeable layered composite material of the invention has excellent drape characteristics and can be substantially stretched in the transverse direction by application of very low forces without loss of important functional characteristics such as windproofness, water-vapor-permeability, weather resistance or waterproofness.
- the axes of lower tensile modulus of the layers of the composite are aligned in substantially parallel orientation.
- the layered composite materials of the invention are engineered to enhance softness, drape, stretchability and stretch- recovery, and to minimize resistance to stretching in the transverse direction, first through selection of component materials, each preferably having high softness, drape, stretchability and stretch-recovery, and each having lower tensile modulus in the transverse direction than in the machine direction; and secondly, in contrast to conventional practices, by aligning the axis of lowest tensile modulus of each layer in the same direction with respect to its neighboring layers.
- an important element in the construction of the layered composite material of the invention is the relative orientation of the tensile properties of each layer.
- a preferred embodiment of the stretchable water-vapor- permeable composite material of the invention comprises a layer of porous film adhesively laminated to a layer of fabric.
- Another preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a layer of porous film to each side of which is adhesively laminated a layer of fabric.
- the porous film may have a pore volume in the range 40 - 95 percent, preferably 60 - 95 percent; a mean pore size smaller than about 2 micrometers, preferably smaller than 1 micrometer; air permeability less than about 91 cubic centimeters/minute/square centimeter at a pressure drop of 12.7 millimeters water; lower tensile modulus in the transverse direction than in the machine direction, and an F/D ratio, at 25% extension in the transverse direction, less than 3.5.
- the porous film may be a membrane, mesh, or nonwoven web selected from, but not limited to the group: polyole in, polyamide, polyester, polyurethane, fluoropolymer, and the like. Such films are known in the art and are commercially available.
- the preferred film is porous polytetrafluoroethylene, more preferably, porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film having a porous structure of interconnected nodes and fibrils as described in USP 3,953,566 (Gore) and USP 4,187,390 (Gore), and is manufactured by W.L.Gore and Associates, Inc.
- the porous film may be coated with a continuous substantially air-impermeable layer of hydrophilic water-vapor-permeable polymer.
- the coating increases the barrier properties of the porous film such as liquid water penetration resistance, windproofness, and heat transfer resistance while continuing the important comfort related properties of water vapor transmission through the film and low tensile modulus; the coated film having, at 25% extension in the transverse direction, an F/D ratio less than 3.5.
- Hydrophilic water-vapor-permeable polymers are known in the art and are available commercially. Most preferred for the coated film of the composite material of the invention is a hydrophilic water-vapor-permeable polyurethane polymer of the type described in USP 4,194,041 (Gore,et al) or, alternatively, of the type described in USP 4,532,316 (Henn).
- the fabric of the layered composite material of the invention has lower tensile modulus in the transverse direction than in the machine direction and an F/D ratio, at 25% extension in the transverse direction, less than 3.5.
- Knit fabric is preferred for its ability to stretch and recover from stretching. Most preferred is circular knit fabric. Circular knit fabric includes both single knit and double knit fabric of the type: Jersey, double jersey, jacquard double jersey, interlocks, narrow and broad rib, and the like.
- the fabric may be processed to provide greater loft as exemplified by fleece, pile, brushed, or velour fabrics, and the like. Such fabrics are well known to have high softness, drapeability, stretchability and stretch-recovery.
- the fabric can be made from yarn of synthetic fibers or natural fibers, or blends of synthetic and natural fibers, depending on the ' intended application of the fabric.
- synthetic fibers or natural fibers or blends of synthetic and natural fibers, depending on the ' intended application of the fabric.
- fabric for external wear and outer garment use fabric of polyamide, polyester, polyacrylic, or other synthetic fibers may be preferred for their mechanical properties and environmental resistance.
- natural fibers such as cotton or wool may be preferred.
- the adhesive to bond together the layers of the composite material of the invention may be selected from many known in the art. Suitable adhesives may be found in, but not limited to, the class consisting of thermoplastic polymers, thermosetting polymers, or reaction curing polymers. They may be applied to the surfaces to be laminated by conventional means, for example by coating or printing methods. Also, in embodiments incorporating the coated film described hereinabove, the hydrophilic polyurethane polymer of the coating may be used to adhesively bond the coated film layer to the fabric layer. The method and material selected for adhesively bonding the layers is based on end use requirements projected for the composite material.
- WVTR water vapor transmission rate
- the cup assembly was weighed to the nearest 1/lOOOg. and was placed in an inverted manner onto the center of the test sample. Water transport was provided by the driving force between the water in the water bath and the saturated salt solution providing water flux by diffusion in that direction. The sample was tested for 15 minutes and the cup assembly was then removed, weighed again within 1/lOOOg.
- the WVTR of the sample was calculated from the weight gain of the cup assembly and was expressed in grams of water per square meter of sample surface area per 24 hours.
- the tensile properties of the materials were determined using a constant rate-of-jaw separation type machine (Instron testing machine, Model 1122).
- the tensile modulus of the materials is reported as the force to displacement (F/D) ratio obtained by dividing the tensile force (expressed in Newtons) to stretch a test specimen to 1.25 times its original length (25% extension) divided by the displacement (expressed in centimeters) to reach 25% extension.
- Air permeability was measured by clamping a test sample in a 5 gasketed flanged fixture which provided a circular area of approximately 39 square centimeters (about 7 centimeters diameter) for air flow measurement.
- the upstream side of the sample fixture was connected to a flow meter in line with a source of dry compressed air.
- the downstream side of the sample fixture was open 10 to the atmosphere.
- Testing was accomplished by applying a pressure of 12.7 millimeters of water to the upstream side of the sample and recording the flow rate of the air passing through the in-line flowmeter (a ball-float rotameter). 15 The sample was conditioned at 70 * F and 65% relative humidity for at least 4 hours prior to testing.
- Results are reported as cubic centimeters/minute/square centimeter of sample, at 12.7 millimeters water pressure.
- Coulter Porometer manufactured by Coulter Electronics, Inc., Hialeah, FL. • 30
- the Coulter Porometer (TM) is an instrument that provides automated measurement of pore size distributions in porous media using the liquid displacement method (described in ASTM Std. F316- 86).
- This example demonstrates a three-layer embodiment of the stretchable water-vapor-permeable composite material and employs the following materials: two layers of a circular knitted fabric piled on one side, and a porous polymeric film.
- the knitted napped fabric was made from a polyester yarn, had lower tensile modulus in the transverse direction than the machine direction and weighed 122 g/m 2 .
- the knitted napped fabrics, Styles #7868 and #7869, were obtained from Maiden Mills, Lawrence, MA 01841. Properties are shown in Table 1.
- the porous polymeric film was a porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film as described in USP 3,953,566 (Gore), manufactured by W.L. ore & Associates, Inc. of Newark, DE.
- the film was prepared from polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder using paste extrusion and calendering techniques and was expanded in both machine direction and transverse direction.
- the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film had lower tensile modulus in the transverse direction than the machine direction, weight of about 4 grams/m 2 , pore volume of about 82%, and thickness of about 12 micrometers. Additional properties are shown in Table 1.
- the 3-layer composite material was prepared by a lamination process.
- the sequence of the lamination process was (1) application of adhesive by a gravure roll to one side of the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film, (2) combining a layer of the knitted napped fabric to the adhesive side of the film by nipping between two rolls, (3) application of adhesive by a gravure roll to the film side of the resulting 2-layer composite, and (4) combining a second layer of knitted napped fabric to the film side of the composite by nipping between two rolls.
- the lamination equipment was a multi-roll stack configuration laminator which had a heated metal gravure printing roll.
- a feed reservoir on the heated gravure printing roll contained hot melt polyurethane adhesive of the type described in USP 4,532,316 (Henn) which was printed in a discontinuous pattern on the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film as it passed through the nip of the gravure roll and a metal press roll.
- the adhesive printed film was then adhered to the non-napped surface of the circular knitted fabric by passage through the nip of the metal press roll and a silicone rubber surfaced roll, thus forming a 2-layer composite material.
- the 2-layer composite material was then fed to a second multi- roll stack configuration laminator.
- the adhesive was printed in a discontinuous pattern on the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film of the 2-layer composite material which was then adhered to the non-napped surface of the second layer of circular knitted fabric to form a 3-layer stretchable water-vapor-permeable composite material in which the axes of lower tensile modulus of the materials of the layers are in parallel alignment.
- the pattern of adhesive application and the amount of adhesive applied can also influence the softness, drape and feel of the composite material as well as the mechanical properties of the composite material such as bond strength, stretch and stretch- recovery. It is recognized in the art that, for lamination of different knitted fabrics than used in the example above, some experimentation may be needed to determine the optimum adhesive laydown pattern and amount to obtain the desired properties in the composite material .
- Example 1 The 3-layer stretchable water-vapor-permeable composite material of Example 1 had excellent softness and drape characteristics. It required a low force to stretch at least 25% and exhibited stretch-recovery greater than 90%. It also had excellent windproofness, as indicated by the low air permeability values in Table 1, and excellent WVTR properties.
- a three-layer composite material was prepared for comparative purposes. Materials and processing were as described in Example 1 above except that a different porous polymeric film was used.
- the porous polymeric film was a porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film as described in USP 3,953,566 (Gore), manufactured by W.L.Gore & Associates, Inc.
- the membrane was ' prepared from polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder using paste extrusion and calendering techniques and was expanded in the transverse direction.
- the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film had higher tensile modulus in the transverse direction, and an F/D ratio, at 25% extension in the transverse direction, greater than 3.5.
- the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film had a weight of about 17 grams/m 2 , a pore volume of about 82%, and a thickness of about 43 micrometers. Properties are shown in Table 2.
- the layers of the comparative example were oriented- such that the axis of lowest tensile modulus of the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film was perpendicular to the axis of lowest tensile modulus of the fabric.
- the material of the comparative example had relatively poor softness and drape characteristics compared to the material of Example 1, and the force required to stretch the material 25% was excessive.
- This example demonstrates a two-layer embodiment of the stretchable water-vapor-permeable composite material and employs the following materials: a layer of circular knitted brushed cotton fabric, and a porous polymeric film coated with a continuous substantially air-impermeable layer of hydrophilic polyurethane polymer.
- the circular knitted brushed cotton fabric was Style 6900 fabric obtained from MiHiken & Co..
- the fabric had lower tensile modulus in the transverse direction than in the machine direction and a weight of approximately 170 g/m 2 . Additional properties are shown in Table 3.
- the porous polymeric film was a porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film as described in USP 3,953,566 (Gore), manufactured by W.L.Gore & Associates, Inc..
- the film was prepared from polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder using paste extrusion and calendering techniques and was expanded in both machine direction and transverse direction.
- the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film had lower tensile modulus in the transverse direction than in the machine direction, a weight of about 2-3 grams/m 2 , a pore volume of about 82%, and a thickness of about 8 micrometers. Additional properties are shown in Table 3.
- the 2-layer composite material was prepared by a lamination process in which the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film was (1) coated with a continuous layer of hydrophilic polyurethane polymer and then (2) combined with the knitted brushed cotton fabric by nipping between two rolls; the continuous layer of hydrophilic polyurethane served as adhesive to bond the layers together.
- the hydrophilic polyurethane polymer was a reactive hot melt, hydrophilic polyurethane prepared according to the teachings of USP 4,532,316 (Henn).
- the coating/lamination equipment used was a roll coater in a 4-roll stack configuration.
- the stack included a heated metal gravure roll having a mounted feed reservoir containing the hot melt polyurethane polymer.
- the gravure roll transferred the polyurethane polymer to a fluoroelastomer surfaced roll.
- the fluoroelastomer surfaced roll applied a continuous layer of the polyurethane polymer to the surface of the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film as the film was nipped between the fluoroelastomer surfaced roll and a heated metal press roll.
- the fabric was combined with the porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film on the opposite side of the metal press roll as they passed through the nip between the metal press roll and a silicone rubber surfaced roll.
- the 2-layer stretchable water-vapor-pe eable composite material of Example 2 had excellent softness and drape
- the low flow rate test method was used to measure air permeability of the material of Example 2 and, for consistency in reporting, results were converted to cm 3 /min/cm 2 at 12.7 mm water pressure as shown in Table 3.
- Example 2 Due to high uptake of moisture by the composite material of Example 2, the test time for WVTR measurements shown in Table 3 was extended from 15 minutes to 30 minutes to permit steady state conditions to be reached.
- the composite material of Example 2 was fashioned into undergarments. The undergarments were worn with the brushed cotton surface next the skin and the coated polytetrafluoroethylene film surface outward and were found to be unexpectedly comfortable by the wearers. The mechanically related comfort properties such as skin-feel, softness, ease of stretching and amount of stretch- recovery were found to be excellent, however, the greatest surprise was due to the exceptional temperature/humidity control provided by the undergarments.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5518275A JPH07505588A (en) | 1992-04-16 | 1992-05-01 | Soft stretch composite fabric |
CA002117684A CA2117684A1 (en) | 1992-04-16 | 1992-05-01 | Soft stretchable composite fabric |
EP92911935A EP0636065A1 (en) | 1992-04-16 | 1992-05-01 | Soft stretchable composite fabric |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US869,661 | 1978-01-16 | ||
US86966192A | 1992-04-16 | 1992-04-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993021013A1 true WO1993021013A1 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
Family
ID=25354020
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1992/003808 WO1993021013A1 (en) | 1992-04-16 | 1992-05-01 | Soft stretchable composite fabric |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0636065A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH07505588A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005292A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2117684A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2690174A1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITTO930255A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993021013A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2290052A (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1995-12-13 | Kimberly Clark Co | Stretched-thinned film and nonwoven laminate |
US5529830A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1996-06-25 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Two-way stretchable fabric laminate and articles made from it |
GB2300594A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-11-13 | Kimberly Clark Co | Mechanically compatized film / nonwoven laminate |
US5843057A (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-12-01 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Film-nonwoven laminate containing an adhesively-reinforced stretch-thinned film |
US5882769A (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1999-03-16 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Stretch-pillowed, bulked laminate |
US6139929A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2000-10-31 | Porvair Plc | Socks |
WO2003068495A1 (en) * | 2002-02-14 | 2003-08-21 | Japan Gore-Tex Inc. | Laminated fabric |
US6623837B2 (en) | 2000-12-27 | 2003-09-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Biaxially extendible material |
KR101277369B1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2013-06-20 | 니뽄 고아 가부시끼가이샤 | Stretch composite film and composite fabric and processes for production of them |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4837346B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2011-12-14 | 日本ゴア株式会社 | Seal tape and textiles using the same |
JP5049519B2 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2012-10-17 | 日本ゴア株式会社 | Stretchable composite fabric and stretched porous polytetrafluoroethylene film |
WO2015010208A1 (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-01-29 | Ibco Srl | Breathable laminated material |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4194041A (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1980-03-18 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Waterproof laminate |
GB2074093A (en) * | 1980-04-22 | 1981-10-28 | Gore & Ass | Flexible layered article |
GB2155853A (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1985-10-02 | Nitto Electric Ind Co | Laminated sheet |
WO1990000969A1 (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1990-02-08 | W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Breathable flexible laminates adhered by a breathable adhesive and methods for making same |
-
1992
- 1992-05-01 CA CA002117684A patent/CA2117684A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-05-01 WO PCT/US1992/003808 patent/WO1993021013A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-05-01 EP EP92911935A patent/EP0636065A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-05-01 AU AU20052/92A patent/AU2005292A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-05-01 JP JP5518275A patent/JPH07505588A/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-04-07 FR FR9304111A patent/FR2690174A1/en active Pending
- 1993-04-15 IT IT93TO000255A patent/ITTO930255A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4194041A (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1980-03-18 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Waterproof laminate |
GB2074093A (en) * | 1980-04-22 | 1981-10-28 | Gore & Ass | Flexible layered article |
GB2155853A (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1985-10-02 | Nitto Electric Ind Co | Laminated sheet |
WO1990000969A1 (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1990-02-08 | W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Breathable flexible laminates adhered by a breathable adhesive and methods for making same |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5882769A (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1999-03-16 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Stretch-pillowed, bulked laminate |
US5529830A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1996-06-25 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Two-way stretchable fabric laminate and articles made from it |
US5804011A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1998-09-08 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Process of making a two-way stretchable fabric laminate and articles made from it |
GB2290052A (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1995-12-13 | Kimberly Clark Co | Stretched-thinned film and nonwoven laminate |
GB2300594A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-11-13 | Kimberly Clark Co | Mechanically compatized film / nonwoven laminate |
GB2300594B (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1997-05-07 | Kimberly Clark Co | Mechanically compatibilized film/nonwoven laminates |
US5837352A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1998-11-17 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Mechanically compatibilized film/nonwoven laminate |
US5843057A (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-12-01 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Film-nonwoven laminate containing an adhesively-reinforced stretch-thinned film |
US6139929A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2000-10-31 | Porvair Plc | Socks |
US6623837B2 (en) | 2000-12-27 | 2003-09-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Biaxially extendible material |
WO2003068495A1 (en) * | 2002-02-14 | 2003-08-21 | Japan Gore-Tex Inc. | Laminated fabric |
KR101277369B1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2013-06-20 | 니뽄 고아 가부시끼가이샤 | Stretch composite film and composite fabric and processes for production of them |
US9950504B2 (en) | 2005-02-02 | 2018-04-24 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Co., Ltd. | Elastic composite film and composite fabric and production processes thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH07505588A (en) | 1995-06-22 |
ITTO930255A0 (en) | 1993-04-15 |
CA2117684A1 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
ITTO930255A1 (en) | 1993-10-18 |
FR2690174A1 (en) | 1993-10-22 |
EP0636065A1 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
AU2005292A (en) | 1993-11-18 |
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