WO1993003085A1

WO1993003085A1 - Process for preparation of aqueous coating composition

Info

Publication number: WO1993003085A1
Application number: PCT/US1992/006498
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jonathan Edward Lawniczak; Rex Porter Evans
Original assignee: Eastman Chemical Company
Priority date: 1991-08-08
Filing date: 1992-08-03
Publication date: 1993-02-18

Abstract

Disclosed is a process comprising (A) establishing a fluidized mass comprised of a chlorinated polyolefin and, optionally, an organic solvent, and (B) adding to the fluidized mass water, a surfactant and, optionally, an amine. Also disclosed is a composition containing (A) a chlorinated polyolefin, (B) optionally, an organic solvent, (C) a surfactant, (D) water, and (E) optionally, an amine.

Description

Process for Preparation of Aqueous Coating Composition

This invention relates to a process for preparation of compositions which are useful as primers for

enhancing the adhesion of coatings to polyolefin

substrates. This invention also relates to compositions prepared by the process of this invention. The

compositions of this invention are substantially free of organic solvent.

The application of paints and other coatings to substrates of polyolefin, such as polypropylene,

thermoplastic olefin and polyethylene, is typically difficult because polyolefins are substantially

chemically inert.

This problem has previously been overcome by the use of two different approaches which employ adhesion promoting compositions. One approach is to use an adhesion promoting composition as a separate primer coating between the polyolefin substrate and the paint. The primer coating adheres adequately to both the polyolefin and the paint and thereby creates a unitary three component structure with the paint as the outer portion of the structure. Another approach to coating polyolefins has been to use an adhesion promoting composition as an additive along with the paint. This technique is sometimes known in the art as use of a "stir in" adhesion promoter. Numerous polymeric materials have been investigated as possible components for such adhesion promoters.

Chlorinated polyolefins have been found to be very satisfactory as the polymeric component for primer compositions due to their cost and performance. For example, U.S. 3,579,485, U.S. 4,070,421, U.S. 4,966,947, U.S. 4,962,149 and U.S. 4,954,573 disclose chlorinated polyolefins which are entirely satisfactory for the polymeric component of adhesion promoting compositions useful for coating polyolefin substrates.

Even though chlorinated polyolefins have been used to prepare adhesion promoting compositions which are entirely satisfactory, the chlorinated polyolefins had to be formulated with large quantities of an organic solvent, such as xylene or toluene. Use of large quantities of an organic solvent is undesirable because unless elaborate solvent recovery methods are employed application of the primer coating composition results in release of the organic solvent into the atmosphere which can result in both pollution problems and health

problems for workers applying the primer coating

composition.

We have now discovered a process which can be used to prepare an entirely satisfactory water based primer coating composition which in many cases does not contain an organic solvent and, under any circumstances, does not contain substantial quantities of organic solvent.

A composition which is comprised of a chlorinated polyolefin, an amine, a surfactant, a polyol and water is disclosed to be useful as a primer coating for polyolefins in WO 90/12656.

A composition which is comprised of a chlorinated polyolefin and other materials is disclosed to be useful as a coating in Chemical Abstracts 114:187666j.

The process can be thought of as composed of two steps. In the first step a fluidized mass is

established which is comprised of a chlorinated

polyolefin and, optionally, an organic solvent. Then water and a surfactant are added to the fluidized mass. More specifically the process of this invention can be thought of as a process comprising preparing an

admixture by

(A) establishing a fluidized mass comprised of

(1) a chlorinated polyolefin, and

(2) from 0 to 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the chlorinated polyolefin, of an organic solvent,

(B) adding to the fluidized mass

(1) water, and (2) from 3 to 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the chlorinated polyolefin, of a surfactant.

Broadly, the composition which is prepared by the process of this invention can be thought of as

composition comprising

(A) a chlorinated polyolefin,

(B) optionally, an organic solvent,

(C) water, and

(D) a surfactant.

The first step of the process of this invention comprises establishing a fluidized mass of the

chlorinated polyolefin and, optionally, the organic solvent. This step can be preformed by conventional equipment and techniques well known in the art. The chlorinated polyolefin must be in the form of particles in order to form a fluidized mass. The size of the particles is not critical and will depend on the

particular equipment and techniques used to form the fluidized mass. The chlorinated polyolefin can be prepared into these particles by techniques well known in the art for preparing particles from a solid polymer. In one embodiment the particles of polymer are prepared in the same vessel used to form the fluidized mass. In this technique, large units of the chlorinated

polyolefin are introduced into the vessel equipped with a means to comminute the chlorinated polyolefin into particles. The units of polymer are then comminuted into particles and the means to comminute the polymer is also used to form the fluidized mass. In another embodiment, particles of the polymer are introduced into a vessel equipped with a means to form a fluidized mass and the fluidized mass then formed. Optionally, an organic solvent is included in the fluidized mass.

In the second step of this invention the

composition is formed by adding to the fluidized mass water, a surfactant and optionally an amine. The sequence of addition of these components is not

critical. These components can be added to the

fluidized mass either individually in any order or can be combined in any order and then added to the fluidized mass. Preferably, the surfactant is added first and then the water, and optionally amine, are then added. This step can be performed using equipment and

techniques well known in the art for preparation of admixture using high shear. In one embodiment of the invention the admixture is formed by introducing the components into the same vessel used to form the

fluidized mass and allowing the same means that created the fluidized mass to form the admixture. In a

preferred embodiment the fluidized mass is formed in a vessel equipped with a means for creating high shear, such as a high speed stirrer, and the other components are then added to this vessel while the chlorinated polyolefin and, optionally, the organic solvent are in a fluidized state.

The chlorinated polyolefins useful in this

invention can be broadly described as a chlorinated polyolefin having a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to 45,000, a softening point in the range of 75 to 105°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 15 to 35 weight percent, based on the weight of the polyolefin. One embodiment of the chlorinated polyolefin useful in this invention is disclosed in U.S. 3,579,485. In another embodiment of this invention the chlorinated polyolefin disclosed in U.S. 3,579,485 is reacted with a hydroxyl group containing primary amine to form a chlorinated, imidized polyolefin. These polyolefins are known in the art and are described in U.S. 4,954,573. Thus, since it is within the scope of the process of this invention to use either the chlorinated, non- imidized polyolefin described in U.S. 3,579,485 or the chlorinated, imidized polyolefin described in U.S.

4,954,573 the term "chlorinated polyolefin' is meant to include both of these polymers. In a preferred

embodiment, the chlorinated polyolefin has a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to 16,000, a softening point in the range of 80 to 95°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 18 to 22 percent, based on the weight of the polyolefin. In this invention the

molecular weight of the chloriated polyolefin is average number molecular weight.

The organic solvent which can optionally included along with the chlorinated polyolefin in the fluidized mass can be broadly described as an organic compound that will dissolve the chlorinated polyolefin. The molecular weight of the organic solvent can be in the range of 50 to 200, preferably in the range of 80 to

150. Typical groups of compounds useful for the organic solvent in this invention are aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons and tetrahydrofuran. Preferably, the organic solvent is an aromatic hydrocarbon. Examples of suitable aromatic hydrocarbons include xylene, toluene and high flash aromatic naphthalenes. The most preferred organic solvents are toluene and xylene.

The surfactant useful in this invention can be a non-ionic surfactant or a cationic surfactant. By the term "non-ionic surfactant" we mean a surfactant which contains no positively or negatively charged functional groups. By the term "cationic surfactant" we mean a surfactant which ionizes in water to produce a large positively charged ion and a small negatively charged ion. In this invention the non-ionic surfactants can have a molecular weight of up to 500 or even higher and can include polymeric materials. The non-ionic

surfactants include materials which contain groups of varying polarity whereby one part of the molecule is hydrophilic and the other part of the molecule is hydrophobic. Examples of such materials include polyethyleneoxy polyols and ethoxylated alkyl phenols. Particularly preferred classes of non-ionic surfactants include alkyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohols and ethoxylated alcohols with HLB values in the range of 11 to 20. Preferably the non-ionic surfactant is an alkyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohol.

The cationic surfactants useful in this invention have a molecular weight in the range of 100 to 1000 and can be broadly be described as alkoxylated amines.

Preferably the cationic surfactant is an alkoxylated fatty amine or an akloxylated tallow amine. Examples of cationic surfactants include Varionic T202 sold by

Sherex Chemical Co. Inc., Ethox TAM-2 sold by Ethox

Chemicals, Inc. and Ethomeen T-12 sold by Akzo Chemie America.

The amount of surfactant is broadly in the range of 3 to 50 weight % and is preferably in the range of 5 to 40 weight %, and more preferably in the range of 5 to 30 weight %, based on the weight of the chlorinated

polyolefin.

The amine component which is optionally used in the composition of this invention can be a primary,

secondary or tertiary amine. Although the amine can be aromatic or aliphatic, aliphatic amines are preferred. In a preferred embodiment the aliphatic amine has an amine functionality of between 1 and 3, and optionally contains other oxygen containing functional groups. The amines useful in this invention generally have a

molecular weight of less than 100.

A highly preferred group of amines are primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic amines having a

functionality of 1 to 3 and can be generally represented by the general formulae:

wherein R₁ = R₇ are independently selected from H or straight or branched chain alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxylalkyl groups of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R₁ - R₇ can additionally include a substituted alkyl group, i.e., where one or more of the carbons in the radical is replaced with or has substituted thereon another functionality, e.g., an amine, ether, hydroxy or - mercapto moiety, e.g., tris-(3-aminopropyl) amine.

Another group of highly preferred amines within the above classes are those primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic amines of the above Formulae in which R₁ - R₇ is specifically substituted with or contains one or more hydroxyl (-OH) functionalities.

Another group of preferred amines can be

represented by the formulae:

wherein n is 1 or 2 and R₈, R₉, R₁₀ and R₁₁ are

independently selected from straight or branched chain alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl groups of 1 to 20 carbon atoms. These chains may also be substituted with another functionality as described above.

Yet another group which comprise amines preferred in the practice of the present invention are primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic amines with an amine functionality of 1-3 which also contain one or more ether or alkoxy linkages. Such materials are sometimes referred to as poly(oxyalkylene)diamines. Ethoxylated or propoxylated materials are particularly preferred.

Exemplary amines preferred for use in the present invention include:

2-amino-1-butanol;

4-amino-1-butanol;

2-aminoethanethiol;

2-aminoheptane;

2-amino-1-hexanol; 6-amino-1-hexanol;

allylamine;

2-amino—3-methyl-1-butanol;

2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol;

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol;

2-amino-1-pentanol;

5-amino-1-pentanol;

3-amino-1-propanol;

ammonium hydroxide

amylamine;

butylamine;

N,N'-bis (2-aminoethy1)-1, 3-propanediamine;

N,N'-bis (3-aminopropy1)-1, 3-propanediamine;

1,3-bis (dimethylamino)-2-propanol;

1-[N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-propanol;

N ,N'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine;

decylamine;

1,4-diaminobutane;

1,10-diaminodecane;

1,12-diaminododecane;

1,7-diaminoheptane;

1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane;

3,3'-diamino-N-methyldipropylamine;

1,2-diamino-2-methylpropane;

1,9-diaminononane;

1,8-diaminooctane; 1,5-diaminopentane;

1,2-diaminopropane;

1,3-diaminopropane;

dibutylamine;

3-(dibutylamino)propylamine;

diethanolamine;

diethylamine;

5-diethylamino-2-pentanol;

3-(diethylamino)-1,2-propanediol; 1-diethylamino-2-propanol;

3-diethylamino-1-propanol;

3-diethylaminopropylamine;

diethylenetriamine;

N,N-diethylethanolamine;

N,N-diethylethylenediamine;

N,N-diethylmethylamine;

N,N'-diethyl-1,3-propanediamine; diisobutylamine;

diisopropanolamine;

diisopropylamine;

2-(diisopropylamino) ethanol;

3-diisopropylamino-1,2-propanediol; N,N-diisopropylethylamine;

1-dimethylamino-2-propanol;

2-dimethylaminoethanol

3-dimethylamino-1-propanol; 3-dimethylaminopropylamine;

1,3-dimethylbutylamine;

3 ,3-dimethylbutylamine;

N,N-dimethylethanolamine;

N,N-dimethylethylamine;

N,N-dimethylethylenediamine;

N,N-dimethy1-N'-ethylethylenediamine;

N,N'-dimethy1-1-,6-hexanediamine;

2,5-dimethy1-2,5-hexanediamine;

1,5-dimethylhexylamine;

2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine;

(±)-1,2-dimethylpropylamine;

dipropylamine;

dodecylamine;

ethanolamine;

3-ethoxypropylamine;

ethylamine;

2-(ethylamino) ethanol;

N-ethylbutylamine;

2-ethylbutylamine;

N-ethyldiethanolamine;

ethylenediamine;

hexamethylenediamine;

1,6-hexanediamine;

hexylamine;

isoamylamine; isopropylamine;

N-isopropylethylenediamine;

N'-isopropyl-2-methyl-1,2-propanediamine; N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,4-butanediamine; N,N,N',N'-tetramethyldiaminomethane;

N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine;

N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine; N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,3-propane-diamine; N,N,2,2-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine; tributylamine;

tridecyamine;

triethanolamine;

triethylamine;

triisooctylamine;

triisopropyanolamine;

trimethylamine;

methylamine;

2-(methylamino)ethanol;

N-Methylbutylamine;

1-methyIbutylamine;

2-methylbutylamine;

N-methyldiethanolamine;

N-methylethylenediamine;

N-methyl-1,3-propanediamine;

morpholine

nonylamine; octylamine;

teri-octylamine;

propylamine;

2-(propylamino) ethanol;

1-tetradecylamine; and

tris (3-aminopropyl) amine. Mixtures of such materials may also be employed.

Preferred amines are triethanolamine,

diethanolamine, ethanolamine, dimethylamine,

diethylamine, piperazine, morpholine, 2-amino-2-2methyl-

1-propanol, 2-dimethyl-aminoethanol and ammonium

hydroxide. A particularly preferred amine is ammonium hydroxide.

The amount of amine can be in the range of 0 to 50 weight %, preferably in the range of 0 to 40 weight % and is most preferably in the range of 0 to 30 weight %, based on the weight of the chlorinated polyolefin.

The compositions of this invention further contain water. The amount of water can vary widely depending on numerous factors, such as the needs of the manufacturer, transportation efficiencies and the needs of the

particular customer. An important property of the compositions of this invention is that these

compositions can be manufactured using less water than would typically be required to apply the compositions as a coating and water can be subsequently added by the customer at a later time to prepare a coating

composition. This can be done by simply pouring additional water into the composition prepared by the manufacturer without having to consider in detail any particular temperature, pressure or time used to prepare the diluted composition. Thus the manufacturer can prepare a "concentrated" product which is low in water and ship the concentrated product to the customer without the necessity of incurring the additional cost of also shipping additional water to the customer. A "concentrated" product is also often desired if the adhesion promoter composition is to be used as an additive to the paint in order to prevent excessive dilution of the paint.

Even though the amount of water can vary widely and there is no upper limit on the amount of water there is a lower limit on the amount of water because there must at least be sufficient water in the composition to result in the formation of an admixture of the four components. Although the precise amount of water necessary to form the required admixture can vary, generally there must be at least 40 weight % water in the composition, based on the weight of the total composition, in order to form an admixture with pourable viscosity characteristics. The compositions of this invention are

characterized as "containing" of the various components. By the term "containing" we mean that the compositions can contain other materials in major amounts. For example, the compositions of this invention can contain materials typically used in the paint industry to prepare paint formulations, such as thickeners, wetting agents and flow aids, pigments, resins and solvents.

The term "containing" also means that the

compositions of this invention do not contain

significant quantities of polyol. Examples of polyols that are not present in significant quantities in the compositions of this invention include the polyols disclosed in WO/12656.

The compositions of this invention can be used as aa adhesion promoting composition according to two different approaches. Selection of the preferred approach depends on numerous factors, such as the specific characteristics of the paint, the particular substrate to be painted, the nature and extent of the other materials to be used in the paint formulation and other factors. In accordance with one approach, the coating compositions of this invention can be used as a separate primer coat by preferably diluting the

manufactured composition with water, adding any desired additives and then applying the diluted composition to a polyolefin substrate to form a coating using

conventional means, such as spraying, brushing or dipping. After the composition has been applied as a coating and the coating has dried a paint is applied over the primer coating. The primer coating adheres to both the polyolefin and the paint and thereby creates a unitary three component structure with the paint as the outer portion of the structure. In accordance with the other approach, the compositions of this invention can be used as a so-called "stir-in" paint additive. In this approach the composition is added admixed with the paint and the resulting admixture is applied to the polyolefin substrate to form a single coating which adheres to the polyolefin substrate.

While the compositions of this invention are particularly useful as adhesion promoters to enhance the adhesion of paints to polyolefin substrates it is within the scope of the invention for the compositions to be used by themselves as a paint to form a final protective coating which not only protects the substrate but also is decorative as a result of the addition of pigments.

The compositions of this invention are admixtures which have a particle size suitably small to make the admixtures useful in coating embodiments. Therefore, the compositions of this invention include not only what some authorizes call "emulsions" and "dispersions" but include as well as all other physical forms in which the various components can be become admixed. For example, some authorities characterize water containing

admixtures wherein the particle size in the range of 0.1 to 10 microns as an "emulsions". Other authorities regard water containing admixtures wherein the particle size is greater than 10 microns as a "dispersion".

While both of these types of admixtures are within the scope of this invention, the invention is not limited to these or any other kind of particular admixture and includes all possible types of admixtures regardless of physical form as long as the particle size is small enough for the admixtures to have utility in coating applications.

In the following examples compositions of the invention were prepared from a chlorinated polyolefin, optionally an organic solvent, a surfactant, water and optionally an amine. The compositions were prepared by a two step procedure in accordance with the process of this invention. First, a fluidized mass of the

chlorinated polyolefin was formed which in most cases also included an organic solvent. The fluidized mass was formed in a laboratory scale sealed vessel equipped with a high speed stirrer to fluidize the chlorinated polyolefin and, if used, the organic solvent. After the chlorinated polyolefin and, optionally the organic solvent, were fluidized the water, surfactant and, optionally the amine, were added. Storage stability tests were conducted by visual inspection in glass jars after 4 weeks at 25°C. Paint adhesion tests of selected compositions were conducted in accordance with ASTM D

3359-83, Method A. Paint adhesion tests were conducted by applying the composition at 5 to 20 percent solids to polypropylene and to a polyolefin which had been

modified with an elastomeric polymer. These materials are generally designated in the trade as "thermoplastic olefins" and are abbreviated "TPO". The composition was applied by spraying and then dried at room temperature. An automotive topcoat system was then spray applied and baked thirty minutes at 250°F. Example 1

This example illustrates preparation of a

composition of the invention using a particular

chlorinated polyolefin, an organic solvent, a surfactant and water.

An fluidized mass was prepared composed of 40 grams of a chlorinated, non-imidized polyolefin which has a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to 16,000, a softening point in the range of 80 to 95°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 18 to 22 percent, based on the weight of the polyolefin, and 10 grams of xylene. 5 grams of a nonyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohol and 150 grams of water were added to the fluidized mass in order to form the composition.

The result of a storage stability test was slight settling.

Freeze/thaw stability tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM D2243 with visual inspection.

Results of this test were no change after 5 cycles.

The composition was diluted with sufficient

additional water to result in a primer coating

composition typical of that used in the trade and paint adhesion tests were conducted with the following

results.

Polypropylene 40% Adhesion

TPO 100% Adhesion

Example 2

This example illustrates preparation of a

composition of the invention using a different sequence for the addition of the same materials used in Example 1.

A fluidized mass was prepared composed of 40 grams polyolefin, and 10 grams of xylene. 5 grams of a nonyl phenoxy poly(ethleneoxy) alcohol were added to the fluidized mass. Subsequently, 150 grams of water were added to the fluidized mass in order to form the composition.

The result of a storage stability test was slight settling. Example 3

This example illustrates preparation of a

composition of the invention using a particular

chlorinated polyolefin, a surfactant and water.

An fluidized mass was prepared composed of 50 grams polyolefin. 5 grams of an alkyl phonoxy

poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohol and 150 grams of water were added to the fluidized mass in order to form the

composition.

The result of a storage stability test was slight settling.

Results of this test were no change after 5 cycles.

The composition was diluted with sufficient

additional water to result in a primer coating

results.

Polypropylene 100% Adhesion

TPO 100% Adhesion Example 4

This example illustrates preparation of a

composition of the invention using a particular

chlorinated polyolefin, an organic solvent, a

surfactant, an amine and water.

An fluidized mass was prepared composed of 35 grams of a chlorinated, imidized polyolefin which has a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to 16,000, a softening point in the range of 80 to 95°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 18 to 22 percent, based on the weight of the polyolefin, and 15 grams of xylene. 10 grams of an alkyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohol, 10 grams of dimethylethanolamine and 200 grams of water were added to the fluidized mass in order to form the composition.

The result of a storage stability test was no change.

Results of this test were no change after 5 cycles.

The composition was diluted with sufficient

additional water to result in a primer coating

results. Polypropylene 100% Adhesion

TPO 100% Adhesion

Example 5

This example illustrates preparation of a

composition of the invention using a particular

chlorinated polyolefin, an organic solvent, a

surfactant, an amine and water.

An fluidized mass was prepared composed of 35 grams polyolefin and 15 grams of toluene. 10 grams of an alkyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohol, 5 grams of ammonium hydroxide (28%) and 150 grams of water were added to the fluidized mass in order to form the

composition.

The result of a storage stability test was slight settling.

Results of this test were slight coagulation after 5 cycles. The composition was diluted with sufficient additional water to result in a primer coating

results.

Polypropylene 100% Adhesion

TPO 100% Adhesion Example 6

This example illustrates preparation of a

composition of the invention using a particular

chlorinated polyolefin, an organic solvent, a

surfactant, and water.

A fluidized mass was prepared composed of 64 grams of polyolefin and 16 grams of xylene. 210 grams of an alkyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohol and 200 grams of water were added to the fluidized mass in order to form the composition.

The result of a storage stability test was slight settling.

Results of this test were no change after 5 cycles.

The composition was diluted with sufficient additional water to result in a primer coating composition typical of that used in the trade and paint adhesion tests were conducted with the following results.

Polypropylene 100% Adhesion

TPO 100% Adhesion

Example 7

This example illustrates preparation of a

composition of the invention using a particular chlorinated polyolefin, an organic solvent, a surfactant and water.

A fluidized mass was prepared composed of 64 grams of polyolefin and 16 grams of xylene. 20 grams of a secondary ethoxylated alcohol and 200 grams of water were added to the fluidized mass in order to form the composition.

The result of a storage stability test was a broken emulsion. That is the orgainc phase separated from the water phase so that the system was not water reducible.

Results of this test were no change after 5 cycles.

The composition was diluted with sufficient

additional water to result in a primer coating

results.

Polypropylene 20% Adhesion

TPO 100% Ashesion

Example 8

This example illustrates preparation of a

composition of the invention using a particular

chlorinated polyolefin, an organic solvent, a surfactant and water. A fluidized mass was prepared composed of 40 grams of polyolefin and 10 grams of xylene. 10 grams of an ethoxylated tallow amine and 200 grams of water were added to the fluidized mass in order to form the composition.

The result of a storage stability test was slight settling.

Results of this test were no change after 5 cycles.

The composition was diluted with sufficient additional water to result in a primer coating

results.

Polypropylene 100% Adhesion

TPO 100% Adhesion

Example 9

This example illustrates preparation of a

composition of the invention using a particular

chlorinated polyolefin, an organic solvent, a surfactant and water.

A fluidized mass was prepared composed of 40 grams of polyolefin and 10 grams of xylene. 10 grams of an ethoxylated fatty amine and 200 grams of water were added to the fluidized mass in order to form the composition.

The result of a storage stability test was slight settling.

Results of this test were no change after 5 cycles.

composition typical of that used in the trade and paint adhesion tests were conducted with the following results.

Polypropylene 100% Adhesion

TPO 100% Adhesion

Claims

1. A process comprising preparing an admixture by

(A) establishing a fluidized mass comprised of

(1) a chlorinated polyolefin having a

molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to

40,000, a softening point in the range of 75 to 105°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 15 to 35 weight percent, based on the weight of the polyolefin, and

(B) adding to the fluidized mass

(1) water, and

(2) from 3 to 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the chlorinated polyolefin, of a surfactant.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein the chlorinated

polyolefin is a chlorinated, non-imidized

polyolefin having a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to 16,000, a softening point in the range of 80 to 95°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 18 to 22 percent.

3. The process of claim 1 wherein the chlorinated polyolefin is a chlorinated, imidized polyolefin having a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to 16,000, a softening point in the range of 80 to 95°C, an amount of chlorine in the range of 18 to 22 percent.

4. The process of claim 1 wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohols and ethoxylated alcohols having an HLB value in the range of 11 to 20.

5. The process of claim 1 wherein the surfactant is a cationic surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated fatty amines and

alkoxylated tallow amines.

6. The process of claim 1 wherein the amount of

surfactant is in the range of 5 to 40 weight percent.

7. The process of claim l further comprising adding to the fluidized mass (3) from 0 to 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the chlorinated polyolefin, of a primary, secondary or tertiary amine.

8. The process of claim 7 wherein the amine is

selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, triethanolamine, diethanolamine,

ethanolamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine,

piperazine, morpholine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-dimethyl-aminoethanol.

9. The process of claim 7 wherein the amount of amine is in the range of 0 to 40 weight percent.

10. The process of claim 9 wherein the amount of amine is in the.range of 0 to 30 weight percent.

11. The process of claim 1 wherein the amount of

organic solvent is in the range of 0 to 40 weight percent.

12. A process comprising

(A) establishing a fluidized mass comprised of

(1) a chlorinated polyolefin having a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to

16,000, a softening point in the range of 80 to 95°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 18 to 22 percent, based on the weight of the polyolefin, and

(2) from 0 to 30 weight percent, based on the weight of the chlorinated polyolefin, of an organic solvent, and

(B) adding to the fluidized mass

(1) water, and

(2) from 5 to 30 weight percent, based on the weight of the chlorinated polyolefin, of an nonyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohol having an HLB value in the range of 13 to 14.

13. A composition containing

(A) a chlorinated, imidized polyolefin having a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to 40,000, a softening point in the range of 75 to 105°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 15 to 53 weight percent, based on the weight of the polyolefin,

(B) from 0 to 50 weight percent, based on the

weight of the chlorinated, imidized

polyolefin, of an organic solvent,

(C) water, and (D) from 3 to 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the chlorinated, imidized polyolefin, of a surfactant.

14. The composition of claim 13 wherein the

chlorinated, imidized polyolefin has a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to 16,000, a softening point in the range of 80 to 95°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 18 to 22 percent.

15. The composition of claim 13 wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohols and ethoxylated alcohols having an HLB value in the range of 11 to 20.

16. The composition of claim 13 wherein the surfactant is a cationic surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated fatty amines and

alkoxylated tallow amines.

17. The composition of claim 13 wherein the amount of surfactant is in the range of 5 to 40 weight percent.

18. The composition of claim 13 further comprising (E) from 0 to 50 weight percent, based on the

weight of the chlorinated, imidized polyolefin, of a primary, secondary or tertiary amine.

19. The composition of claim 18 wherein the amine is selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, ethanolamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine,

20. The composition of claim 18 wherein the amount of amine is in the range of 0 to 40 weight percent.

21. The composition of claim 20 wherein the amount of amine is in the range of 0 to 30 weight percent.

22. The composition of claim 13 wherein the amount of organic solvent is in the range of 0 to 40 weight percent.

23. A composition containing

(A) a chlorinated, imidized polyolefin having a molecular weight in the range of 9,000 to 16,000, a softening point in the range of 80 to 95°C and an amount of chlorine in the range of 18 to 22 percent, based on the weight of the polyolefin,

(B) from 0 to 30 weight percent, based on the

weight of the chlorinated, imidized polyolefin, of an organic solvent,

(C) water,

(D) from 5 to 30 weight percent, based on the

weight of the chlorinated polyolefin, of an nonyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) alcohol having an HLB value in the range of 13 to 14, and

(E) from 0 to 30 weight percent, based on the

weight of the chlorinated, imidized polyolefin, of ammonium hydroxide.

24. A polyolefin article coated with the composition of Claim 13.