WO1991005020A1 - Moulded items of wood or cellulose-containing substances and method for making them - Google Patents

Moulded items of wood or cellulose-containing substances and method for making them Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991005020A1
WO1991005020A1 PCT/DE1990/000753 DE9000753W WO9105020A1 WO 1991005020 A1 WO1991005020 A1 WO 1991005020A1 DE 9000753 W DE9000753 W DE 9000753W WO 9105020 A1 WO9105020 A1 WO 9105020A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chips
wood
binder
potato pulp
shaped body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1990/000753
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frank Mayer
Aloys HÜTTERMANN
Alireza Kharazipour
Original Assignee
Pelz, Peter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pelz, Peter filed Critical Pelz, Peter
Publication of WO1991005020A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991005020A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to moldings made from wood or cellulose-containing substances and to a process for their production.
  • the moldings are, for example, chipboard, fiberboard, molded articles and the like.
  • Chipboard is made from wood shavings and other wood waste, and binders are added to connect the wood shavings.
  • the amount of binder is generally about 3. to 15 wt .-%, based on dry wood. It hangs u. a. on the type of binder and is z.
  • B. isocyanates about 3 to 5 wt .-%, with formaldehyde resins about 9 to 13 wt .-%, based on dry wood.
  • the quality of the chipboard depends crucially on the amount of binder used. If one tries to reduce the amount of binder used, for example for price reasons, low-quality chipboard is generally obtained which has inadequate physical properties, for example inadequate swelling behavior and inadequate dimensional stability, such as e.g. B. transverse tensile strength and bending strength.
  • Potato pulp is produced in large quantities when potato starch is obtained as a waste product. So far, it can only be used in small quantities as animal feed. To this end, the potato pulp is either released unchanged, undergoing rapid microbial changes due to its high moisture content of about 90%, or it is dried to give a product point of about 10 to 75% by weight of moisture. A technical utilization of this product has so far not been successful.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a shaped body made of wood or cellulose-containing substances in which the proportion of the wood or cellulose-containing chips has been partially or completely replaced by potato pulp.
  • the use of potato pulp instead of wood chips or the partial replacement of wood chips with potato pulp improves the physical properties, such as the swelling properties, the wet strength, the transverse tensile strength and the bending strength of chipboard, while at the same time reducing the proportion of binder ⁇ can.
  • the DIN values for the swelling time and the transverse tensile strength are improved several times when potato pulp is added when using, for example, isocyanates as binders compared to the use of wood chips alone.
  • the moldings according to the invention generally contain 5 to 100% by weight of potato pulp, preferably 25 to 75% by weight and particularly preferably 30 to 50% by weight. At such levels of potato pulp, the content of bonding agents of the form-which, depending on the requirements of the moldings with respect to stability, for example * with the use of isocyanates, to about 1 to 5 wt .-%, preferably about 1 to 3 wt % and particularly preferred reduce about 2% by weight.
  • a product with a moisture content of about 5 to 95% by weight, preferably of about 5 to 50% by weight, can be used as the potato pulp.
  • the pressing of the shaped bodies becomes more difficult, the presses must have a possibility of draining the pressed water.
  • Suitable binders are all binders customarily used for the production of moldings from wood or cellulose-containing substances, such as, for example, isocyanate (polyurethane) resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, henol-formaldehyde resins. Resins, tannins, binders produced from microorganisms, as described, for example, in DE-PS 36 21 218, and the like.
  • chips are used for the moldings according to the invention.
  • the chips usually used for this purpose are used.
  • wood chips are used for the middle layer, which have approximately the following average dimensions: length 10 to 40 mm, width 3 to 17 mm, thickness 0.1 to 0.4 mm. Such chips are commonly referred to as middle layer chips.
  • Chips which have approximately the following average dimensions are used for the outer layers: length 0.1 to 0.7 mm, width 0.05 to 0.2 mm and thickness 0.01 to 0.2 mm. Such chips are generally referred to as top layer chips.
  • aqueous paraffin emulsion is generally used as the hydrophobizing agent, for example a 50% aqueous paraffin emulsion which is used in particular when isocyanates are used, or an emulsion composed of 49.6% paraffin, 49.6% water and 0.8 % 25% ammonia, for example when using urea-formaldehyde resins. about 0.5 to 2% by weight per dry wood or mixture of wood and pulp (dry substance) are used on the emulsion of such a hydrophobizing agent.
  • the moldings according to the invention in particular chipboard, can be produced as follows:
  • the potato pulp is mixed with them and then with the binder or with a mixture of binder and other additives in a gluing drum, e.g. B. mixed by the rolling process or sprayed with the binder.
  • a gluing drum e.g. B. mixed by the rolling process or sprayed with the binder.
  • the glued chips are scattered into mats and pressed.
  • the panels After about two days, the panels can be hemmed, sanded and checked for their physical and technological properties.
  • Middle-layer and top-layer chips with an average moisture content of about 3% were used together with potato pulp and binder to produce chipboard.
  • the binders were mixed with a stirrer and homogenized with the addition of a hydrophobicizing emulsion consisting of a 50% aqueous paraffin emulsion.
  • Pine cutting chips were mixed with potato pulp in a laboratory sizing drum after the circulation process and sprayed with binding agent.
  • the glued chips were spread by hand into 30 x 50 cm mats. From this, compacts were pressed at a temperature of 190 ° C at a pressure of 30 kp / cm * with a pressing duration of 5 min. The plates were removed from the press and air cooled. After two days, the panels were hemmed, sanded and examined for their properties. Before the investigations, the plates were air-conditioned for two days at 20 ° C and a relative air humidity of 65%.
  • Middle class 500 g middle class chips
  • Thick bulk density cross tensile. Thickness swelling
  • Middle class 1000 g middle class chips
  • Top layers 500 g top layer chips
  • Thick bulk density cross tensile Thickness swelling mm kg / m 3 N / mm 2 2 h 24 h
  • the plates made using potato pulp have much better values of transverse tensile strength and thickness swelling than plates without potato pulp.
  • Table 4 single-layer plate binders such as Tab. 3; 7.5% based on dry wood 5 min pressing time
  • Thick bulk density cross tensile. Thickness swelling
  • Binder urea-formaldehyde resin as example 2, 7.4% solid resin, based on dry wood
  • Thick bulk density cross tensile Thickness swelling mm kg / m 3 N / mm 2 2 h 24 h
  • Binder etc. as above 1500 g middle layer chips 500 g pulp, dried and ground
  • Thick bulk density cross tensile. Thickness swelling

Abstract

Moulded items like chipboard, fibreboard, mouldings and the like consist of a mixture of 0 to 95 % wt. of chips of wood or cellulose-containing substances; 5 to 100 % wt. of potato pulp with a moisture content of 5 to 95 % wt.; and 1 to 15 % wt. of a binder related to the total weight of the chip and potato pulp mixture. The moulded items have good physical and technological properties.

Description

"Formkδrper aus holz- oder cellulosehaltigen Stoffen sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung" "Molded articles made from wood or cellulose-containing substances and process for their production"
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Forrakörper aus holz- oder cellulosehaltigen Stoffen sowie ein Verfahren zu ihrer Her¬ stellung. Die Formkörper sind beispielsweise Spanplatten, Faserplatten, Formpreßlinge und dergleichen.The present invention relates to moldings made from wood or cellulose-containing substances and to a process for their production. The moldings are, for example, chipboard, fiberboard, molded articles and the like.
Spanplatten werden aus Holzspänen und anderen Holzabfällen hergestellt, wobei zum Verbinden der Holzspäne Bindemittel hinzugegeben werden. Die Menge der Bindemittel beträgt im allgemeinen etwa 3.bis 15 Gew.-%, bezogen auf atro Holz. Sie hängt u. a. von der Art des Bindemittels ab und beträgt z. B. bei Isocyanaten etwa 3 bis 5 Gew.-%, bei Formaidehyd-Harzen etwa 9 bis 13 Gew.-%, bezogen auf atro Holz. Die Qualität der Spanplatte hängt entscheidend von der eingesetzten Menge des Bindemittels ab. Versucht man, beispielsweise aus Preisgrün¬ den, die Menge des eingesetzten Bindemittels zu verringern, so erhält man im allgemeinen Spanplatten geringer Qualität, die ungenügende physikalische Eigenschaften aufweisen, bei¬ spielsweise ein ungenügendes Quellungsverhalten und eine un¬ genügende Dimensionsstabilität, wie z. B. Querzugfestigkeit und Biegefestigkeit, aufweisen.Chipboard is made from wood shavings and other wood waste, and binders are added to connect the wood shavings. The amount of binder is generally about 3. to 15 wt .-%, based on dry wood. It hangs u. a. on the type of binder and is z. B. isocyanates about 3 to 5 wt .-%, with formaldehyde resins about 9 to 13 wt .-%, based on dry wood. The quality of the chipboard depends crucially on the amount of binder used. If one tries to reduce the amount of binder used, for example for price reasons, low-quality chipboard is generally obtained which has inadequate physical properties, for example inadequate swelling behavior and inadequate dimensional stability, such as e.g. B. transverse tensile strength and bending strength.
Kartoffelpülpe fällt in großen Mengen bei der Gewinnung von Kartoffelstärke als Abfallprodukt an. Sie kann bisher nur in kleinen Mengen als Futtermittel verwendet werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Kartoffelpülpe entweder unverändert abgegeben, wobei sie wegen ihres hohen Feuchtigkeitsgehalts von etwa 90 % schnell mikrobiellen Veränderungen unterworfen wird, oder sie wird getrocknet, wobei ein Produnkt mit etwa 10 bis 75 Gew.% Feuchtigkeit erhalten wird. Eine technische Verwer¬ tung dieses Produkts ist bisher nicht gelungen. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Formkörper aus holz- oder cellulosehaltigen Stoffen zu schaffen, in dem der Anteil der holz- oder cellulosehaltigen Späne teilweise oder ganz durch Kartoffelpülpe ersetzt worden ist.Potato pulp is produced in large quantities when potato starch is obtained as a waste product. So far, it can only be used in small quantities as animal feed. To this end, the potato pulp is either released unchanged, undergoing rapid microbial changes due to its high moisture content of about 90%, or it is dried to give a product point of about 10 to 75% by weight of moisture. A technical utilization of this product has so far not been successful. The object of the present invention is to provide a shaped body made of wood or cellulose-containing substances in which the proportion of the wood or cellulose-containing chips has been partially or completely replaced by potato pulp.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch einen Formkörper gemäß dem Patentanspruch 1. Die Unteransprüche beziehen sich auf bevor¬ zugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung.This object is achieved by a molded body according to claim 1. The subclaims relate to preferred embodiments of the invention.
Der Einsatz von Kartoffelpülpe anstelle von Holzspänen bzw. der teilweise Ersatz von Holzspänen durch Kartoffelpülpe ver¬ bessert die physikalischen Eigenschaften, wie beispielsweise die Quellungseigenschaften, die Naßfestigkeit, die Querzug¬ festigkeit und die Biegefestigkeit von Spanplatten erheblich, wobei gleichzeitig der Anteil an Bindemittel verringert wer¬ den kann. Die DIN-Werte für die Quellzeit und die Querzug¬ festigkeit werden bei der Zugabe von Kartoffelpülpe beim Ein¬ satz beispielsweise von Isocyanaten als Bindemittel gegenüber der Verwendung von Holzspänen allein um ein Mehrfaches ver¬ bessert.The use of potato pulp instead of wood chips or the partial replacement of wood chips with potato pulp improves the physical properties, such as the swelling properties, the wet strength, the transverse tensile strength and the bending strength of chipboard, while at the same time reducing the proportion of binder ¬ can. The DIN values for the swelling time and the transverse tensile strength are improved several times when potato pulp is added when using, for example, isocyanates as binders compared to the use of wood chips alone.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Formkörper enthalten im allgemeinen 5 bis 100 Gew.-% Kartoffelpülpe, bevorzugt 25 bis 75 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 30 bis 50 Gew.-%. Bei solchen Gehalten an Kartoffelpülpe läßt sich der Gehalt an Bindemitteln je nach den Anforderungen an die Formkörper bezüglich der Form¬ stabilität, beispielsweise* bei Verwendung von Isocyanaten, auf etwa 1 bis 5 Gew.-%, bevorzugt auf etwa 1 bis 3 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt
Figure imgf000004_0001
etwa 2 Gew.-% verringern.The moldings according to the invention generally contain 5 to 100% by weight of potato pulp, preferably 25 to 75% by weight and particularly preferably 30 to 50% by weight. At such levels of potato pulp, the content of bonding agents of the form-which, depending on the requirements of the moldings with respect to stability, for example * with the use of isocyanates, to about 1 to 5 wt .-%, preferably about 1 to 3 wt % and particularly preferred
Figure imgf000004_0001
reduce about 2% by weight.
Als Kartof elpülpe läßt sich ein Produkt mit einem Feuchtig¬ keitsgehalt von etwa 5 bis 95 Gew.-%, bevorzugt von etwa 5 bis 50 Gew.-*, verwenden. Bei höheren Feuchtigkeitsgehalten von mehr als 90 Gew.-%, insbesondere von mehr als 95 Gew.-%, wird das Verpressen der Formkörper schwieriger, die Pressen müssen eine Möglichkeit zur Drainierung des abgepreßten Was¬ sers aufweisen.A product with a moisture content of about 5 to 95% by weight, preferably of about 5 to 50% by weight, can be used as the potato pulp. At higher moisture contents of more than 90% by weight, in particular of more than 95% by weight, the pressing of the shaped bodies becomes more difficult, the presses must have a possibility of draining the pressed water.
Als Bindemittel eignen sich alle für die Herstellung von Form¬ körpern aus holz- oder cellulosehaltigen Stoffen üblicher¬ weise verwendeten Bindemittel, wie beispielsweise Isocyanat- (Polyurethan)-Harze, Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harze, Melamin- Formaldehyd-Harze, henol-Formaldehyd-Harze, Tannine, aus Mikroorganismen hergestellte Bindemittel, wie sie beispiels¬ weise in der DE-PS 36 21 218 beschrieben sind, und derglei¬ chen.Suitable binders are all binders customarily used for the production of moldings from wood or cellulose-containing substances, such as, for example, isocyanate (polyurethane) resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, henol-formaldehyde resins. Resins, tannins, binders produced from microorganisms, as described, for example, in DE-PS 36 21 218, and the like.
Wenn für die erfindungsgemäßen Formkörper Holzspäne verwendet werden, so werden die üblicherweise für diesen Zweck verwen¬ deten Späne eingesetzt. Bei der Herstellung beispielsweise von Spanplatten werden für die Mittelschicht Holzspäne ver¬ wendet, die etwa die folgenden durchschnittlichen Maße auf¬ weisen: Länge 10 bis 40 mm, Breite 3 bis 17 mm Jan4 Dicke 0,1 bis 0,4 mm. Solche Späne werden allgemein als MittelSchicht- späne bezeichet. Für die Deckschichten werden Späne verwen¬ det, die etwa die folgenden durchschnittlichen Maße aufweisen: Länge 0,1 bis 0,7 mm, Breite 0,05 bis 0,2 mm und Dicke 0,01 bis 0,2 mm. Solche Späne werden allgemein als Deck schicht- späne bezeichnet.If wood chips are used for the moldings according to the invention, the chips usually used for this purpose are used. In the production of chipboard, for example, wood chips are used for the middle layer, which have approximately the following average dimensions: length 10 to 40 mm, width 3 to 17 mm, thickness 0.1 to 0.4 mm. Such chips are commonly referred to as middle layer chips. Chips which have approximately the following average dimensions are used for the outer layers: length 0.1 to 0.7 mm, width 0.05 to 0.2 mm and thickness 0.01 to 0.2 mm. Such chips are generally referred to as top layer chips.
Bei der Herstellung von Spanplatten hat es sich als zweck¬ mäßig erwiesen, zur Verbesserung der Quellbeständigkeit ein Hydrophobierungsmittel hinzuzugeben. Als Hydrophobierungs¬ mittel wird allgemein eine wässrige Paraffinemulsion ver¬ wendet, beispielsweise eine 50 %ige wässrige Paraffinemulsion, die insbesondere bei der Anwendung von Isocyanaten Verwendung findet, oder eine Emulsion aus 49,6 % Paraffin, 49,6 % Wasser und 0,8 % 25 %igem Ammoniak, beispielsweise bei der Verwen¬ dung von Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harzen. on der Emulsion eines solchen Hydrophobierungsmittels wer¬ den etwa 0,5 bis 2 Gew.-% pro atro Holz bzw. Gemisch aus Holz und Pulpe (Trockensubstanz) eingesetzt.In the production of particle board, it has proven to be expedient to add a hydrophobizing agent to improve the resistance to swelling. An aqueous paraffin emulsion is generally used as the hydrophobizing agent, for example a 50% aqueous paraffin emulsion which is used in particular when isocyanates are used, or an emulsion composed of 49.6% paraffin, 49.6% water and 0.8 % 25% ammonia, for example when using urea-formaldehyde resins. about 0.5 to 2% by weight per dry wood or mixture of wood and pulp (dry substance) are used on the emulsion of such a hydrophobizing agent.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Formkörper, insbesondere Spanplatten, lassen sich wie folgt herstellen:The moldings according to the invention, in particular chipboard, can be produced as follows:
Die Kartoffelpülpe wird bei Mitverwendung von Spänen mit diesen vermischt unddann mit dem Bindemittel oder mit einem Gemisch aus Bindemittel und weiteren Zusatzstoffen in einer Beleimungstrommel, z. B. nach dem ümwälzverfahren gemischt oder mit dem Bindemittel besprüht. Zur Herstellung von Span¬ platten werden die beleimten Späne zu Matten gestreut und verpreßt.If chips are used, the potato pulp is mixed with them and then with the binder or with a mixture of binder and other additives in a gluing drum, e.g. B. mixed by the rolling process or sprayed with the binder. For the production of particle boards, the glued chips are scattered into mats and pressed.
Nach ca. zwei Tagen können die Platten gesäumt, geschliffen und auf ihre physikalisch-technologischen Eigenschaften geprüft werden.After about two days, the panels can be hemmed, sanded and checked for their physical and technological properties.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Beispiele näher erläutert. In den Beispielen werden die vorstehend erläuter¬ ten Mittelschichtspäne bzw. Deckschichtspäne verwendet.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the examples. The middle layer chips or cover layer chips explained above are used in the examples.
ERSATZBLATT Beispiel 1REPLACEMENT LEAF example 1
Zur Herstellung von Spanplatten wurden Mittelschicht- und Deckschichtspäne mit einem durchschnittlichen Feuchtigkeits¬ gehalt von etwa 3 % zusammen mit Kartoffelpülpe und Binde¬ mittel verwendet. Die Bindemittel wurden unter Zugabe einer Hydrophobierungsemulsion, bestehend aus einer 50 %igen wäßri¬ gen Paraffinemulsion, mit einem Rührwerk vermischt und homo¬ genisiert. Kiefernschneidspäne wurden in einer Laborbelei- mungstrommel nachdem Umwälzverfahren mit Kartoffelpülpe gemischt und mit Bindemittel besprüht.Middle-layer and top-layer chips with an average moisture content of about 3% were used together with potato pulp and binder to produce chipboard. The binders were mixed with a stirrer and homogenized with the addition of a hydrophobicizing emulsion consisting of a 50% aqueous paraffin emulsion. Pine cutting chips were mixed with potato pulp in a laboratory sizing drum after the circulation process and sprayed with binding agent.
Zur Herstellung von einschichtigen und dreischichtigen Spanplatten {Solldichte 20 mm) wurden die beleim€en Späne von Hand zu 30 x 50 cm großen Matten gestreut. Daraus wurden bei einer Temperatur von 190° C bei einem Druck von 30 kp/cm* bei einer Preßdauer von 5 min Preßlinge verpreßt-. Die Platten wurde der Presse entnommen und an der Luft abgekühlt. Nach zwei Tagen wurden die Platten gesäumt, geschliffen und auf ihre Eigenschaften untersucht. Vor den Untersuchungen wurden die Platten zwei Tage bei 20° C und einer relativen Luft¬ feuchtigkeitvon 65 % klimatisiert.In order to produce single-layer and three-layer chipboard (nominal density 20 mm), the glued chips were spread by hand into 30 x 50 cm mats. From this, compacts were pressed at a temperature of 190 ° C at a pressure of 30 kp / cm * with a pressing duration of 5 min. The plates were removed from the press and air cooled. After two days, the panels were hemmed, sanded and examined for their properties. Before the investigations, the plates were air-conditioned for two days at 20 ° C and a relative air humidity of 65%.
Die eingesetzten Mengen an Kartoffelpülpe, Spänen und Binde¬ mittel und die erhaltenen Ergebnisse sind in den folgenden Tabellen angegeben.The amounts of potato pulp, chips and binder used and the results obtained are given in the following tables.
EBSATZBLATT Tabelle 1EBSATZBLATT Table 1
Vergleichsversuch: einschichtige PlatteComparative experiment: single-layer plate
2000 g Mittelschichtspäne verleimt mit 2 Gew.-% Desmodur, wasseremulgierbares Diphenyl- methan-4,4'-diisocyanat (PMDI), bezogen auf atro Späne2000 g of middle layer chips glued with 2% by weight Desmodur, water emulsifiable diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (PMDI), based on dry chips
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000008_0001
Tabelle 2Table 2
dreischichtige Plattethree-layer plate
Mittelschicht: 500 g MittelschichtspäneMiddle class: 500 g middle class chips
500 g Pulpe, gemahlen und getrocknet, 10 % Feuchtigkeit Deckschichten: 500 g Deckschichtspäne500 g pulp, ground and dried, 10% moisture Top layers: 500 g top layer chips
500 g Pulpe wie oben mit 2 % PMDI verleimt + 2,0 % Hydrophobierungsemulsion500 g pulp as above glued with 2% PMDI + 2.0% water repellent emulsion
Dicke Rohdichte Querzugfest. DickenquellungThick bulk density cross tensile. Thickness swelling
Figure imgf000008_0002
Fortsetzung Tabelle 2:
Figure imgf000008_0002
Continuation of table 2:
dreischichtige Plattethree-layer plate
Mittelschicht: 1000 g MittelschichtspäneMiddle class: 1000 g middle class chips
Deckschichten: 500 g DeckschichtspäneTop layers: 500 g top layer chips
500 g Pulpe wie oben Bindemittel und Emulsion wie oben500 g pulp as above binder and emulsion as above
Dicke Rohdichte Querzugfest. Dickenquellung mm kg/m3 N/mm2 2 h 24 hThick bulk density cross tensile. Thickness swelling mm kg / m 3 N / mm 2 2 h 24 h
19,60 634 4,4 11,819.60 634 4.4 11.8
20,10 661 3,9 11,420.10 661 3.9 11.4
20,30 540 (Pulpe 30% Feuchte) 2,7 7,520.30 540 (pulp 30% moisture) 2.7 7.5
Die unter Verwendung von Kartoffelpülpe hergestellten Platten haben wesentlich bessere Werte der Querzugfestigkeit und Dickenquellung als Platten ohne Kartoffelpülpe.The plates made using potato pulp have much better values of transverse tensile strength and thickness swelling than plates without potato pulp.
Beispiel 2Example 2
Herstellung der Spanplatten wie in Beispiel 1..Anstelle von PMDΪ wurde folgendes Bindemittel verwendet: 7,5 Gew.-% 66,5 Gew.-%ige wässrige Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harz-Emulsion MolVerhältnis Harnstoff:Formaldehyd 1:1,3; + 0,5 Gew.-% Hydrophobierungsemulsion 65 %ig, + 1,5 Gew.-% (NH.)„S04, 15 %ige wässrige Lösung als Härter;Production of the chipboard as in Example 1. The following binder was used instead of PMDΪ: 7.5% by weight 66.5% by weight aqueous urea-formaldehyde-resin emulsion molar ratio urea: formaldehyde 1: 1.3; + 0.5% by weight hydrophobization emulsion 65%, + 1.5% by weight (NH.) “S0 4 , 15% aqueous solution as hardener;
Tabelle 3: VergleichsversuchTable 3: Comparison test
einschichtige Platte 2000 g Mittelschichtspäne Bindemittel: s. o,single-layer board 2000 g middle layer chips Binder: s. O,
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000010_0001
Tabelle 4 einschichtige Platte Bindemittel wie Tab. 3; 7,5 % bezogen auf atro Holz 5 min PreßzeitTable 4 single-layer plate binders such as Tab. 3; 7.5% based on dry wood 5 min pressing time
1500 g Mittelschichtspäne 500 g Pulpe, getrocknet und gemahlen1500 g middle layer chips 500 g pulp, dried and ground
Dicke Rohdichte Querzugfest. DickenquellungThick bulk density cross tensile. Thickness swelling
0,88 8,0 24,9 0,91 6,3 27,4
Figure imgf000010_0002
0,92 7,5 27,50.88 8.0 24.9 0.91 6.3 27.4
Figure imgf000010_0002
0.92 7.5 27.5
Bindemittel usw. wie obenBinders etc. as above
1000 g Mittelschichtspäne1000 g middle class chips
1000 g Pulpe, getrocknet und gemahlen1000 g pulp, dried and ground
Figure imgf000010_0003
Beispiel 3
Figure imgf000010_0003
Example 3
Bindemittel: Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harz wie Beispiel 2, 7,4 % Festharz, bezogen auf atro HolzBinder: urea-formaldehyde resin as example 2, 7.4% solid resin, based on dry wood
2000 g Mittelschichtspäne (Vergleichsversuch) 5 min Preßzeit Tabelle 52000 g middle layer chips (comparative test) 5 min pressing time Table 5
Dicke Rohdichte Querzugfest. Dickenquellung mm kg/m3 N/mm2 2 h 24 hThick bulk density cross tensile. Thickness swelling mm kg / m 3 N / mm 2 2 h 24 h
Figure imgf000011_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
Bindemittel usw. wie oben 1500 g Mittelschichtspäne 500 g Pulpe, getrocknet und gemahlenBinder etc. as above 1500 g middle layer chips 500 g pulp, dried and ground
Dicke Rohdichte Querzugfest. DickenquellungThick bulk density cross tensile. Thickness swelling
Figure imgf000011_0002
Figure imgf000011_0002
1000 g Mittelschichtspäne1000 g middle class chips
1000 g Pulpe, getrocknet und gemahlen1000 g pulp, dried and ground
Figure imgf000011_0003
10
Figure imgf000011_0003
10
Beim Ersatz von Spänen durch Kartoffelpülpe bleiben die Eigenschaften hinsichtlich Querzugfestigkeit und Dickenquel¬ lung im wesentlichen ohne Verschlechterung erhalten. When chips are replaced by potato pulp, the properties with regard to transverse tensile strength and thickness swelling are essentially retained without deterioration.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Formkörper aus holz- oder cellulosehaltigen Stoffen, bestehend aus einem Gemisch von:1. Shaped body made of wood or cellulose-containing substances, consisting of a mixture of:
0 bis 95 Gew.-% Spänen aus holz- oder cellulosehaltigen0 to 95 wt .-% chips from wood or cellulose-containing
Stoffen undFabrics and
5 bis 100 Gew.-% Kartoffelpülpe mit einem Feuchtigkeits¬ gehalt von 5 bis 95 Gew,-%, sowie5 to 100% by weight of potato pulp with a moisture content of 5 to 95% by weight, and
1 bis 15 Gew.-% Bindemittel, bezogen auf das Gesamtge¬ wicht des Gemischs aus Spänen und Kar¬ toffelpülpe.1 to 15% by weight of binder, based on the total weight of the mixture of chips and potato pulp.
2. Formkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der Kartoffelpülpe 5 bis 50 Gew.-% beträgt.2. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that the moisture content of the potato pulp is 5 to 50 wt .-%.
3. Formkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er 30 bis 50 Gew.-% Kartoffelpülpe mit einem Feuchtigkeits gehalt von 30 bis 50 Gew.-% und 1 bis 8 Gew.-% Bindemittel enthält.3. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 30 to 50 wt .-% potato pulp with a moisture content of 30 to 50 wt .-% and 1 to 8 wt .-% binder.
4. Formkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er etwa 2 Gew.-% Isocyanat als Bindemittel enthält. - f2 -4. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains about 2 wt .-% isocyanate as a binder. - f2 -
5. Formkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er Isocyanat, Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harz, Melamin-Formal- dehyd-Harz oder Phenol-Formaldehyd-Harz als Bindemittel enthält.5. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains isocyanate, urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin or phenol-formaldehyde resin as a binder.
6. Formkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartoffelpülpe einen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt von 10 bis 40 Gew.-% hat.6. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that the potato pulp has a moisture content of 10 to 40 wt .-%.
7. Formkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einer einschichtigen Spanplatte besteht.7. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a single-layer particle board.
8. Formkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einer dreischichtigen Spanplatte mit äußerer Deck¬ schicht, Mittelschicht und innerer Deckschicht*besteht.8. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a three-layer chipboard with outer Deck¬ layer, middle layer and inner cover layer *.
9. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern nach den An¬ sprüchen 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartoffelpülpe gegebenenfalls mit den Spänen vermischt, dann mit dem Bindemittel und gegebenenfalls mit weiteren Zusatzstoffen vermischt und anschließend verpreßt werden.9. A process for the production of moldings according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the potato pulp is optionally mixed with the chips, then mixed with the binder and optionally with other additives and then pressed.
ERSATZBLATT REPLACEMENT LEAF
PCT/DE1990/000753 1989-10-05 1990-10-04 Moulded items of wood or cellulose-containing substances and method for making them WO1991005020A1 (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4306439C1 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-08-11 Pfleiderer Unternehmensverwalt Moulding, in particular in the form of a fibreboard, and process for the production thereof
EP0613905A1 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-07 Aloys Prof. Dr. Hüttermann Biodegradable moulded article, especially biodegradable plant pot
EP0613906A1 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-07 PFLEIDERER UNTERNEHMENSVERWALTUNG GmbH & Co KG Moulded article, especially in the form of a fibre board
WO1994023914A1 (en) * 1993-04-17 1994-10-27 Glunz Ag Method of manufacturing fibreboard
US6440204B1 (en) 1999-03-31 2002-08-27 Penford Corporation Packaging and structural materials comprising potato peel waste
CN1108345C (en) * 2000-06-16 2003-05-14 董忠蓉 Disposable article made from konjaku as main raw material

Families Citing this family (8)

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DE4020969C1 (en) * 1989-10-05 1991-07-18 Mayer, Frank, Prof. Dr., 3400 Goettingen, De Moulding with improved mechanical properties and density - comprises mixt. of wood or cellulose material shavings and potato pulp, waste paper and binder
DE4306441C1 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-04-28 Wibmer & Co Kg Biodegradable moulded bodies for use as plant pots - consist of natural plant or animal fibres impregnated with potato pulp in which the potato pulp particles are smaller than 350 microns
DE4340518C2 (en) * 1993-11-29 1996-03-07 Pfleiderer Unternehmensverwalt Moldings based on wood and / or cellulose fibers
NL1001959C2 (en) * 1995-12-21 1997-06-24 Univ Delft Tech Processing waste flower bulb for cardboard material using adhesive
FI101690B (en) 1997-01-14 1998-08-14 Neste Oy Method of manufacture of fibreboards
FI970158A (en) 1997-01-14 1998-07-15 Neste Oy New fiberboard adhesive
DE10231994A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2004-02-12 Panel Tuning Gmbh Production of biomass solid fuel comprises sizing biomass, mixing, heat treating, and pressing in platen press
US20080033075A1 (en) * 2004-05-24 2008-02-07 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Molded Elements Made Of Materials Containing Lignocellulose

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GB506929A (en) * 1936-12-30 1939-06-07 Scholten Chemische Fab Manufacture of masses containing an absorbent for a liquid or liquefied constituent of the mass

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GB506929A (en) * 1936-12-30 1939-06-07 Scholten Chemische Fab Manufacture of masses containing an absorbent for a liquid or liquefied constituent of the mass

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Die St{rke, 24. Jahrgang, Nr. 9, September 1972, L. Plath: "Die Rolle von St{rkeprodukten bei der Verleimung von Holzwerkstoffen mit Kunstharz-Leimen", Seiten 306-312 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4306439C1 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-08-11 Pfleiderer Unternehmensverwalt Moulding, in particular in the form of a fibreboard, and process for the production thereof
EP0613905A1 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-07 Aloys Prof. Dr. Hüttermann Biodegradable moulded article, especially biodegradable plant pot
EP0613906A1 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-07 PFLEIDERER UNTERNEHMENSVERWALTUNG GmbH & Co KG Moulded article, especially in the form of a fibre board
WO1994023914A1 (en) * 1993-04-17 1994-10-27 Glunz Ag Method of manufacturing fibreboard
US6440204B1 (en) 1999-03-31 2002-08-27 Penford Corporation Packaging and structural materials comprising potato peel waste
US6524639B1 (en) 1999-03-31 2003-02-25 Saul Rogols Composite food product comprising potato peel product
US6547867B2 (en) 1999-03-31 2003-04-15 Penford Corporation Non-edible composite material comprising potato peel product
CN1108345C (en) * 2000-06-16 2003-05-14 董忠蓉 Disposable article made from konjaku as main raw material

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PL287174A1 (en) 1991-09-23
IE903558A1 (en) 1991-04-10
DE3933279C1 (en) 1990-07-19
CS479290A3 (en) 1992-05-13
CS276387B6 (en) 1992-05-13

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