WO1990013702A1 - A method of discontinuous lamination of technical textiles and similar materials - Google Patents

A method of discontinuous lamination of technical textiles and similar materials Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990013702A1
WO1990013702A1 PCT/DK1990/000121 DK9000121W WO9013702A1 WO 1990013702 A1 WO1990013702 A1 WO 1990013702A1 DK 9000121 W DK9000121 W DK 9000121W WO 9013702 A1 WO9013702 A1 WO 9013702A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adhesive
layer
textiles
lamination
sprayed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1990/000121
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Knud V. Rasmussen
Jørgen Pedersen
Original Assignee
Dansk Transfertryk A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dansk Transfertryk A/S filed Critical Dansk Transfertryk A/S
Publication of WO1990013702A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990013702A1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • D06M17/04—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics by applying synthetic resins as adhesives
    • D06M17/10—Polyurethanes polyurea

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a process of the type de ⁇ fined in the introductory portion of claim 1 for discon ⁇ tinuous lamination of technical textiles and similar ma ⁇ terials, and the process of the invention is characterized by the features defined in the characterizing portion of claim 1.
  • va ⁇ rious laminated materials are employed, which are further processed to the required degree to the individual pro ⁇ ducts, which may be both plane and structured.
  • Laminated materials for the above-mentioned purposes frequently con ⁇ sist of textile, plastics, felt, wood, plastics tissue, metal tissue, metal sheets, perforated metal sheets, foam plastics, foam rubber or the like.
  • Such laminates are produced by machine bonding the indivi ⁇ dual layers with a suitable adhesive.
  • the pro ⁇ cess takes place in that each material part is sprayed with the adhesive, and then the sprayed material parts are joined with each other.
  • the adhesive used is often a sol- vent-based polyurethane, where the mixture of polyurethane and solvent contains up to 90% solvent to ensure a consis ⁇ tency which makes the adhesive suitable for spraying with spray guns.
  • the produced pro- duct bears the stamp of the intensive solvent treatment because the smell of the solvent sticks to the material for a long time and is often difficult to wash out.
  • tissue of high density polyethylene or polypropyl ⁇ ene.
  • the tissue may also be produced from other polymers or polymer mixtures.
  • the polymer serves as a hot melt ad- hesive when - interposed between the materials to be lami ⁇ nated - it is moved through a furnace with a controlled temperature.
  • the process is desirable from an environmen ⁇ tal point of view because no vapours are released during the passage through the system, and the process can more- over be performed easily and rapidly, but it is vitiated by the drawback that an adequately strong tissue is ne- cessary to ensure sufficient washing fastness of the finished laminate.
  • tissue which is strong enough to ensure good washing fastness, the result will be a too stiff product.
  • the known tissues are combustible.
  • Certain of the mentioned products have previously been produced by flame lamination, i.e. by fusing of the indi- vidual layers in the laminate.
  • Cleaning sponges e.g. pot cleaning sponges
  • Flame lami- nated products may moreover cause allergy.
  • powdered adhesives most frequently in the form of polyamides, polyesters, low or high pressure poly- ethylenes, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers or various mixed poly erisates.
  • the powdered adhesive is sprinkled over the material, which is then moved through a heating tunnel to melt the powder.
  • the layer of material provided with adhesive is joined with another material in a press.
  • the known powder types are combus ⁇ tible.
  • the adhesive is a moist curing polyurethane prepolymer which is applied to the material under essentially anhydrous conditions. After the material coated with adhesive has been joined with another material, the resulting laminate is allowed to cure in an atmosphere of normal moisture to provide a product having extremely good properties.
  • melt adhesives on the basis of isocyanate polyurethane capable of curing under the action of air moisture and useful in the lamination of various types of sheets and flexible substrates are already known. Such melt adhesives are described e.g. in the Danish Patent Application 4353/77 and the Danish Published Applications 151 388 and 157 323. Generally, however, the adhesives known from these publications have a considerably higher content of free isocyanate than the adhesives used according to the invention, and they preferably contain a solvent.
  • the polyurethane melt adhesives may be used without any form of solvent.
  • Second- ly, such adhesives may be used in considerably smaller amounts than other melt adhesives.
  • the process of the in ⁇ vention uses just 1 to 3 g of adhesive per m 2 , where other melt adhesives are to be used in amounts of up to 10 to 20 g per m 2 to provide sufficient washing fastness. So large amounts of adhesive make the laminate stiff and unelastic, whereas the process of the invention results in a pliable and elastic laminate which also has excellent washing fastness. If non-combustible materials or flame resistant materials are laminated, the materials moreover maintain their properties. Test results show that products produced by the process of the invention are far superior to known products in satisfying the requirements made today by pub ⁇ lic authorities on building materials, building elements and other goods for indoor use.
  • discontinuous lamination means a process in which the materials to be laminated are placed one by one, cut to suitable lengths, in the machine used from which the finished products are likewise removed one by one.
  • a continuous process which is prefe- rably used in connection with textiles, the materials are added continuously by unwinding from rolls, just as the finished laminate is wound-up on a roll.
  • Adhesives of the type used in the process of the invention have been known for some time. Thus, they have been used for one-sided gluing of plane objects of various foam ma ⁇ terials and in other forms of gluing where only minor ten ⁇ sions occur. Moreover, they may be applied to wood, metal and many plastics materials, just as they can replace con- tact glue in many cases. For these known uses the adhesive has typically been applied by smearing or by means of caulking joint guns.
  • a coherent film of the adhesive is not formed - like in the previous application methods - but a pattern of fine threads with air between these.
  • the dis ⁇ tance between the threads is typically below 1 mm, some ⁇ times below 0.5 mm. This results in a lighter and conside ⁇ rably more pliable product, just as the achieved structure is advantageous when the products are to be used in con ⁇ nection with acoustics and damping, as loudspeaker cover or in connection with ventilation or insulation.
  • a very suitable adhesive for the purpose is TivoMelt 9600 variant 66 from Tivoli Werke AG, Hamburg.
  • This adhesive is a moist curing polyurethane prepolymer of the hot melt type. It contains maximum 1.5% free isocyanate (NCO), in practise far below 1%, and no solvent, i.e. the content of dry matter is 100%.
  • NCO free isocyanate
  • the viscosity is around 1000-9000 mPa.s at 130 C°, the density is about 1.1 and the softe ⁇ ning point (ring/ball) is 45 C°.
  • the product is a poly ⁇ urethane prepolymer based on diphenylmethane-4,4'-diiso- cyanate.
  • An adhesive with corresponding data, but with slightly stronger binding in a wet state, is TivoMelt 9600 variant 88 from Tivoli Maschinene AG, Hamburg.
  • a temperature of about 150 C° is maintained in glue tank and feed conduits.
  • Adhesives of the above-mentioned type moreover have the advantage that, after curing, they can withstand sterili ⁇ zation treatment in an autoclave. This is of great impor ⁇ tance if the produced laminates are to be used for hospi ⁇ tal articles.
  • the process of the invention makes no special requirements on the surface of the material, except that silicone treated (water repelling) materials are not suitable since the glue exhibits poor adhesion to such materials.
  • silicone treated (water repelling) materials are not suitable since the glue exhibits poor adhesion to such materials.
  • pure i.e. non-impregnated textiles, these may be both natural and synthetic.
  • the figure shows a semi-automatic machine for discontin ⁇ uous lamination in the process of the invention.
  • An opera ⁇ tor manually places one layer of material at the arrow 1 on the endless conveyor belt 2 which passes the material to the spraying station 3.
  • the adhesive is sprayed on the layer of material by means of a plurality of nozzles 4 under pressure and at a temperature carefully controlled by means of thermostats.
  • a vacuum box 5 sucks the sprayed glue down to the layer of material. Its pas- sage through the machine is constantly supported by the conveyor belt 2.
  • the laminated product is allowed to cure in normal moist atmosphere for about 24 hours.
  • the result is an excellent, pliable laminate having great strenght and fastness.
  • the temperature at spraying must be about 180 to 195 C°.
  • This high temperature is obtained by means of spe ⁇ cial nozzles provided with heating elements embedded in aluminium. The temperature is raised only shortly before the nozzle tip, while it is maintained at a lower value, typically about 150 C°, during the passage through the conduits.
  • the pressure in the nozzles is typically about 25 bars.
  • the finished product may be passed through the apparatus once more or several times if a laminate consisting of more than 2 glued layers is desired.
  • the content of free isocyanate was below 0.001 mg/m 3 , which is the typical detection value.
  • the hygienic limit value is fixed at 0.05 mg/m 3 .
  • Other monomeric isocyanates were not detected.

Abstract

In a process for discontinuous lamination of technical textiles, i.e. textiles for other purposes than the manufacture of garments, and similar materials, wherein a first layer of material is coated with an adhesive in a spraying station (3) and joined with a second layer of material, the adhesive is a moist-curing solvent-free polyurethane prepolymer which is sprayed by means of nozzles on the first layer of material under essentially anhydrous conditions, and then the laminate is allowed to cure in usual atmosphere with normal moisture. The adhesive preferably contains maximum 1.5 % free isocyanate, and it preferably has a viscosity of about 1000-9000 mPa.s at 130°C, a density of about 1.1 and a softening point (ring/ball) of 45°C. Such an adhesive is sprayed at a temperature of about 180 - 190°C, measured at the tip of the nozzles (4). This provides products with extremely advantageous properties, which may e.g. be used for the production of building elements, fire resistant coverings, sound deadening plates and mats, conveyor belts, cleaning sponges, hospital articles, car parts and survival suits for drilling platforms. In the production the drawbacks and health risks usually associated with spray lamination are avoided.

Description

A method of discontinuous lamination of technical tex¬ tiles and similar materials
The present invention concerns a process of the type de¬ fined in the introductory portion of claim 1 for discon¬ tinuous lamination of technical textiles and similar ma¬ terials, and the process of the invention is characterized by the features defined in the characterizing portion of claim 1.
In the present context the term "technical textile" means any textile which is not used in the manufacture of gar¬ ments, but is employed for other technical purposes.
In the production of various forms of technical textiles, including in particular construction elements (such as panels, ventilation elements, ceiling elements and fire- resistant wall coverings), sound deadening plates and mats, conveyor belts and panels for caravans and ships, but also for use in the production of materials for pro¬ ducing cleaning sponges, hospital equipment, survival suits for drilling platforms, car parts and the like, va¬ rious laminated materials are employed, which are further processed to the required degree to the individual pro¬ ducts, which may be both plane and structured. Laminated materials for the above-mentioned purposes frequently con¬ sist of textile, plastics, felt, wood, plastics tissue, metal tissue, metal sheets, perforated metal sheets, foam plastics, foam rubber or the like.
Such laminates are produced by machine bonding the indivi¬ dual layers with a suitable adhesive. Generally, the pro¬ cess takes place in that each material part is sprayed with the adhesive, and then the sprayed material parts are joined with each other. The adhesive used is often a sol- vent-based polyurethane, where the mixture of polyurethane and solvent contains up to 90% solvent to ensure a consis¬ tency which makes the adhesive suitable for spraying with spray guns. However, even with the most effective suction systems it is impossible in practice to avoid occurrence of unhealthy concentrations of the solvent (most frequent¬ ly ethyl acetate or methyl ethyl ketone) in the air during the process, and these high concentrations involve various physical troubles, such as air passage irritation, dizzi- ness, headache and at worst concentration and memory prob¬ lems. To this should be added pregnant women's potential risk of embryonic or fetal deformities.
In addition to these serious problems, the produced pro- duct bears the stamp of the intensive solvent treatment because the smell of the solvent sticks to the material for a long time and is often difficult to wash out.
It has been attempted to solve the problem by using water- based adhesives, which, although they do not give rise to the above-mentioned working environment and health troub¬ les, nevertheless do not provide the desired results as regards product quality.
To avoid having to work with liquid solvents it has been attempted to perform the lamination by means of an inter¬ mediate tissue of high density polyethylene or polypropyl¬ ene. The tissue may also be produced from other polymers or polymer mixtures. The polymer serves as a hot melt ad- hesive when - interposed between the materials to be lami¬ nated - it is moved through a furnace with a controlled temperature. The process is desirable from an environmen¬ tal point of view because no vapours are released during the passage through the system, and the process can more- over be performed easily and rapidly, but it is vitiated by the drawback that an adequately strong tissue is ne- cessary to ensure sufficient washing fastness of the finished laminate.
If a tissue is used which is strong enough to ensure good washing fastness, the result will be a too stiff product. The known tissues are combustible.
Certain of the mentioned products have previously been produced by flame lamination, i.e. by fusing of the indi- vidual layers in the laminate. Cleaning sponges (e.g. pot cleaning sponges) have thus frequently been produced in this manner, but may no longer be used for domestic pur¬ poses because of the content of free isocyanate and the development of nitrous gases in the surface. Flame lami- nated products may moreover cause allergy.
Finally, it has been attempted to perform the lamination by means of powdered adhesives, most frequently in the form of polyamides, polyesters, low or high pressure poly- ethylenes, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers or various mixed poly erisates. The powdered adhesive is sprinkled over the material, which is then moved through a heating tunnel to melt the powder. When emanating from the heating tunnel, the layer of material provided with adhesive is joined with another material in a press.
In addition to dust and smell troubles involving serious environmental problems, which have even necessitated closing down of factories, this process has the drawback that it is very difficult to dose the powdered adhesive properly. Thus, underdosing means a risk of too poor ad¬ hesion, which influences the durability of the laminate, including washing fastness, while overdosing causes the powder to sink into the layer of material. This results in an undesirably stiff product. Further, owing to the actual dosing form, satisfactory lamination necessitates using an - A -
amount of adhesive which is up to 20 times the theoreti¬ cally necessary amount. The known powder types are combus¬ tible.
It has now surprisingly been found that it is possible to avoid all the above-mentioned drawbacks and to obtain a product having excellent uniformity and durability, if the adhesive is a moist curing polyurethane prepolymer which is applied to the material under essentially anhydrous conditions. After the material coated with adhesive has been joined with another material, the resulting laminate is allowed to cure in an atmosphere of normal moisture to provide a product having extremely good properties.
Melt adhesives on the basis of isocyanate polyurethane capable of curing under the action of air moisture and useful in the lamination of various types of sheets and flexible substrates are already known. Such melt adhesives are described e.g. in the Danish Patent Application 4353/77 and the Danish Published Applications 151 388 and 157 323. Generally, however, the adhesives known from these publications have a considerably higher content of free isocyanate than the adhesives used according to the invention, and they preferably contain a solvent.
When using as adhesive a moist curing polyurethane pre¬ polymer without any content of solvent, several advantages are obtained. First and foremost, the polyurethane melt adhesives may be used without any form of solvent. Second- ly, such adhesives may be used in considerably smaller amounts than other melt adhesives. The process of the in¬ vention uses just 1 to 3 g of adhesive per m2, where other melt adhesives are to be used in amounts of up to 10 to 20 g per m2 to provide sufficient washing fastness. So large amounts of adhesive make the laminate stiff and unelastic, whereas the process of the invention results in a pliable and elastic laminate which also has excellent washing fastness. If non-combustible materials or flame resistant materials are laminated, the materials moreover maintain their properties. Test results show that products produced by the process of the invention are far superior to known products in satisfying the requirements made today by pub¬ lic authorities on building materials, building elements and other goods for indoor use.
In this context "discontinuous lamination" means a process in which the materials to be laminated are placed one by one, cut to suitable lengths, in the machine used from which the finished products are likewise removed one by one. In contrast, in a continuous process, which is prefe- rably used in connection with textiles, the materials are added continuously by unwinding from rolls, just as the finished laminate is wound-up on a roll.
Adhesives of the type used in the process of the invention have been known for some time. Thus, they have been used for one-sided gluing of plane objects of various foam ma¬ terials and in other forms of gluing where only minor ten¬ sions occur. Moreover, they may be applied to wood, metal and many plastics materials, just as they can replace con- tact glue in many cases. For these known uses the adhesive has typically been applied by smearing or by means of caulking joint guns.
Their usefulness for the present purpose is due to the fact that - with careful observance of temperature and pressure conditions - they may be sprayed in fine threads (typically of the order of 1/10 mm).
When the adhesive is applied by spraying in the process of the invention, a coherent film of the adhesive is not formed - like in the previous application methods - but a pattern of fine threads with air between these. The dis¬ tance between the threads is typically below 1 mm, some¬ times below 0.5 mm. This results in a lighter and conside¬ rably more pliable product, just as the achieved structure is advantageous when the products are to be used in con¬ nection with acoustics and damping, as loudspeaker cover or in connection with ventilation or insulation.
A very suitable adhesive for the purpose is TivoMelt 9600 variant 66 from Tivoli Werke AG, Hamburg. This adhesive is a moist curing polyurethane prepolymer of the hot melt type. It contains maximum 1.5% free isocyanate (NCO), in practise far below 1%, and no solvent, i.e. the content of dry matter is 100%. The viscosity is around 1000-9000 mPa.s at 130 C°, the density is about 1.1 and the softe¬ ning point (ring/ball) is 45 C°. The product is a poly¬ urethane prepolymer based on diphenylmethane-4,4'-diiso- cyanate. An adhesive with corresponding data, but with slightly stronger binding in a wet state, is TivoMelt 9600 variant 88 from Tivoli Werke AG, Hamburg.
It has been found that the best results are obtained with a glue of this type when it is sprayed at a temperature (measured at the nozzle tip) of about 180-190 C°.
A temperature of about 150 C° is maintained in glue tank and feed conduits.
Adhesives of the above-mentioned type moreover have the advantage that, after curing, they can withstand sterili¬ zation treatment in an autoclave. This is of great impor¬ tance if the produced laminates are to be used for hospi¬ tal articles.
Of course, other glue makes of the polyurethane prepolymer type may be used. The working temperatures then depend upon the viscosity and the other properties of the glue in question.
The process of the invention makes no special requirements on the surface of the material, except that silicone treated (water repelling) materials are not suitable since the glue exhibits poor adhesion to such materials. When "pure", i.e. non-impregnated textiles, are involved, these may be both natural and synthetic.
The invention is illustrated more fully by the following example.
EXAMPLE:
The figure shows a semi-automatic machine for discontin¬ uous lamination in the process of the invention. An opera¬ tor manually places one layer of material at the arrow 1 on the endless conveyor belt 2 which passes the material to the spraying station 3. Here, the adhesive is sprayed on the layer of material by means of a plurality of nozzles 4 under pressure and at a temperature carefully controlled by means of thermostats. A vacuum box 5 sucks the sprayed glue down to the layer of material. Its pas- sage through the machine is constantly supported by the conveyor belt 2.
After spraying of the adhesive, another operator places the second layer of material on the first layer of mate- rial provided with adhesive, and then the resulting lami¬ nate is removed from the machine. When, after the produc¬ ing, the finished laminates are placed on top of each other, they exert, through their own weight, the necessary pressing pressure to achieve a satisfactory adhesion. The application of the individual layers of material in the machine and the removal of the finished laminates from it can of course be automated, which is an advantage in particular in case of production of the same or uniform laminates for an extended period of time.
During the entire passage of the glue from tank and heat¬ ing furnace (not shown) to the nozzles, moist-free condi¬ tions are ensured, e.g. by maintaining a carbonic acid pressure in the tank, to prevent premature curing.
The laminated product is allowed to cure in normal moist atmosphere for about 24 hours. The result is an excellent, pliable laminate having great strenght and fastness.
If the TivoMelt 9600 glue, (variant 66), mentioned above, is used, the temperature at spraying must be about 180 to 195 C°. This high temperature is obtained by means of spe¬ cial nozzles provided with heating elements embedded in aluminium. The temperature is raised only shortly before the nozzle tip, while it is maintained at a lower value, typically about 150 C°, during the passage through the conduits. The pressure in the nozzles is typically about 25 bars.
The finished product may be passed through the apparatus once more or several times if a laminate consisting of more than 2 glued layers is desired.
Working hygiene measurements made by the National Danish
Technical Testing Institute have shown that extremely good results are obtained with the process of the invention. This applies to the working environment as well as the ex¬ ternal environment. In the production of laminated textile using a total of 7- 8 kg of adhesive, the concentration of diphenylmethane- 4,4'-diisocyanate in the air was determined at the opera¬ tor's place. The air was collected in wash bottles con- taining a nitro reagent, and the analysis took place by high pressure liquid chromatography.
The content of free isocyanate was below 0.001 mg/m3, which is the typical detection value. The hygienic limit value is fixed at 0.05 mg/m3. Other monomeric isocyanates were not detected.
The emission of gaseous isocyanates to the surrounding environment was determined at the same time. A content of isocyanate of below 0.02 mg/Nm3 was found in an emitted air quantity of 3560 Nm3 per hour.

Claims

P a t e n t C l a i m s : "
1. A process for discontinuous lamination of technical textiles, i.e. textiles for other purposes than the manu¬ facture of garments, and similar materials, wherein a first layer of material is coated with an adhesive and is joined with a second layer of material, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d by using as adhesive a moist-curing sol- vent-free polyurethane prepolymer, which is sprayed by means of nozzles on the first layer of material in the form of fine threads with a diameter of the order of 0.1 mm under essentially anhydrous conditions, said threads hereby producing a pattern with a typical thread distance of about 5 mm, and allowing the resulting laminate to cure in usual atmosphere with normal moisture.
2. A process according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r ¬ i z e in that the adhesive maximum contains 1.5% free isocyanate, and that it has a viscosity of about 1000-9000 mPa.s at 130 C°, a density of about 1.1 and a softening point (ring/ball) of about 45 C°.
3. A process according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r - i z e d in that the adhesive is a polyurethane prepolymer on the basis of diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate.
4. A process according to claim 2 or 3, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d by applying the adhesive at a temperature of about 180 - 190 C° , measured at the nozzle tips.
5. A laminated product, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that it is produced by discontinuous lamination of a pro¬ cess according to any of claims 1-4.
6. Use of a mois^-curing solvent-free polyurethane pre¬ polymer as adhesive in discontinuous lamination of tech¬ nical textiles and similar materials.
7. Use according to claim 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the adhesive maximum contains 1.5% free isocya¬ nate, and that it has a viscosity of about 9000 mPa.s at 130 C°, a density of about 1.1 and a softening point (ring/ball) of 45 C°.
8. Use according to claim 7, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the application takes place at a temperature of about 190 C°, measured at the nozzle tips.
A method of discontinuous lamination of technical tex¬ tiles and similar products
ABSTRACT
In a process for discontinuous lamination of technical textiles, i.e. textiles for other purposes than the manu¬ facture of garments, and similar materials, wherein a first layer of material is coated with an adhesive in a spraying station (3) and joined with a second layer of material, the adhesive is a moist-curing solvent-free polyurethane prepolymer which is sprayed by means of nozzles on the first layer of material under essentially anhydrous conditions, and then the laminate is allowed to cure in usual atmosphere with normal moisture.
The adhesive preferably contains maximum 1.5% free iso¬ cyanate, and it preferably has a viscosity of about 1000- 9000 mPa.s at 130 C°, a density of about 1.1 and a softening point (ring/ball) of 45 C°. Such an adhesive is sprayed at a temperature of about 180 - 190 Cc, measured at the tip of the nozzles (4).
This provides products with extremely advantageous proper- ties, which may e.g. be used for the production of build¬ ing elements, fire resistant coverings, sound deadening plates and mats, conveyor belts, cleaning sponges, hospi¬ tal articles, car parts and survival suits for drilling platforms. In the production the drawbacks and health risks usually associated with spray lamination are avoided.
PCT/DK1990/000121 1989-05-12 1990-05-10 A method of discontinuous lamination of technical textiles and similar materials WO1990013702A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK232289A DK232289D0 (en) 1989-05-12 1989-05-12 PROCEDURE FOR DISCONTINUOUS LAMINATION OF TECHNICAL TEXTILES AND SIMILAR MATERIALS
DK2322/89 1989-05-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990013702A1 true WO1990013702A1 (en) 1990-11-15

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AU (1) AU5723790A (en)
DK (1) DK232289D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1990013702A1 (en)

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US9108390B2 (en) 2011-11-04 2015-08-18 The Glad Products Company Incrementally-stretched thermoplastic films and bags with increased haze
US9114596B2 (en) 2009-11-16 2015-08-25 The Glad Products Company Incrementally-stretched adhesively-laminated films and methods for making the same
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US9381697B2 (en) 2011-04-25 2016-07-05 The Glad Products Company Thermoplastic films with visually-distinct stretched regions and methods for making the same
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US9393757B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2016-07-19 The Glad Products Company Discontinuously laminated film structures with improved visual characteristics
US9469443B2 (en) 2010-09-14 2016-10-18 The Glad Products Company Multilayer plastic film
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US9731475B2 (en) 2009-11-16 2017-08-15 The Glad Products Company Films and bags with visually distinct regions and methods of making the same
US10293981B2 (en) 2009-11-16 2019-05-21 The Glad Products Company Non-continuously laminated structures of thermoplastic films with differing material compositions and functional material properties
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DK232289D0 (en) 1989-05-12
AU5723790A (en) 1990-11-29

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